Are you one of those people who love reading paper books instead of ebooks simply because you love the smell of books? Does the smell of rain falling on dry soil make you more relaxed in comparison to the smell of an essential oil or perfume? Does RD Burman’s music make you happy in a way no one else can? If the answers to all these questions are a big ‘Hell yes’, then you, my friend, are an old soul with a vintage heart. For you simpler things in life matter the most, and in those things you find happiness. 

Remember the times when cinema had vintage feels too? You might not be born in the era, but watching those black-and-white movies will make you feel a great connection with the simpler times.

That was the age when cinema was away from technologies like graphics, VFX and even the vivid colors that appeal to the eye. There weren’t great stunts and illusions, but there were strong plots, great music and brilliant acting. 

To relive the simpler times, watch these classic black-and-white Hindi movies that remain relevant decades later and still leave you impressed. 

1. Awaara (1951)

Cast: Prithviraj Kapoor, Nargis, Raj Kapoor, Leela Chitnis, KN Singh, Shashi Kapoor

We probably didn’t pay attention to this fact but Awaara entered the Cannes Film Festival in 1953. It was nominated for the Grand Prize at a time when many of us didn’t even know about the prestigious film festival. What’s more? The film sold over 200 million tickets overseas. In 2012, the movie made it to the list of All-Time 100 greatest films by TIME.

The movie revolves around innocent Raj Raghunath (Raj Kapoor) and who joins a criminal gang in order to feed his mother. However, when he falls in love with Rita (Nargis), he tries to reform himself. Interestingly, Prithviraj Kapoor, Raj’s real father also plays the role of his real-life father in the movie.

2. Do Bigha Zamin (1953)

Cast: Balraj Sahni, Nirupa Roy, Nazir Hussain, Ratan Kumar, Jagdeep, Murad, Nana Palsikar, Meena Kumari

The film was honoured with All India Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film. It was also the first Indian film to win the International Prize at the Cannes Film Festival and the first movie to win the Filmfare Best Movie Award.

A poor farmer Shambu Mahato (Balraj Sahni) who lives with his wife Parvati Paro (Nirupa Roy) in a small village becomes a rickshaw puller in Calcutta after being hit by a famine. He has to pay off his debt and save his land.

3. Boot Polish (1954)

Cast: Kumari Naaz, Ratan Kumar, David

At the 1955 Cannes Film Festival, Naaz won the Special Mention to a child actress award for this film. The classic movie also won the Filmfare Award for Best Movie.

The story revolves around siblings Bhola (Rattan Kumar) and Belu (Kumari Naaz), who after the death of their mother are forced by their aunty Kamla Devi (Chanda Burque) to become street beggars. However, with the help of Uncle John (David Abraham), they decide to go against their aunty and lead a respectful life.

4. Shree 420 (1955)

Cast: Raj Kapoor, Nargis, Nadira

The highest-grossing Indian film of 1955, Shree 420 revolves around a small town man Ranbir Raj (Raj Kapoor) who heads to the city to make it big. He falls in love with Vidya (Nargis). However, the city life teaches him to become a fraud. Seductress Maya (Nadira) makes things complicated by trying to manipulate him.

5. Pyaasa (1957)

Cast: Guru Dutt, Waheeda Rehman, Mala Sinha, Johnny Walker, Rehman

Ranked at 160th spot on the Sight & Sound critics’ and directors’ poll of all-time greatest films, Pyaasa is also rated as one of the 100 best movies of all time by TIME magazine.

It is a story about a poet who struggles to make space for himself in the selfish world because no one wants to publish his poems. As he also struggles to find love and recognition, he falls in love with kind prostitute Gulabo (Waheeda Rehman) who not only falls in love with him but his poetry as well.

6. Naya Daur (1957)

Cast: Dilip Kumar, Vyjayanthimala, Ajit, Chand Usmani, Jeevan, Johnny Walker

The film that inspired Aamir Khan’s Lagaan, Naya Daur made Dilip Kumar win his Filmfare Award for Best Actor for the third time in a row. The movie gained such a huge success also dubbed in Tamil.

It follows the story of a son Kundan (Jeevan) of a landlord Seth Ji (Nazir Hussain) that attempts to modernize his business by replacing Tonga (horse carts) with buses to transport passengers. Shankar (Dilip Kumar) who makes his living by pulling a Tonga challenges him.

7. Madhumati (1958)

Cast: Dilip Kumar, Vyjayanthimala, Pran, Johnny Walker 

• 

Based on the theme of reincarnation, Madhumati won nine Filmfare awards and National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi.

A young engineer Devinder (Dilip Kumar) is on his way to the railway station when a landslide blocks the way. He takes shelter in a mansion that he finds familiar. Gradually, he learns the story of his rebirth. In previous life he was Shyamnagar Timber Estate manager Anand, where he had a beautiful relationship with Madhumati (Vyjanthimala).

8. Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi(1958)

Where to watch: MX Player, Amazon Prime, YouTube
Popular song: Ek Ladki Bhigi Bhagi
Cast: Kishore Kumar, Madhubala, Ashok Kumar, Anoop Kumar

CINESTAAN.COM

Out of three women-hating brothers Manmohan ‘Manu’, Sharma (Kishore Kumar), Brijmohan Sharma (Ashok Kumar) and Jagmohan ‘Jaggu’ Sharma (Anoop Kumar) played by real life Kumar brothers, two fall in love.

9. Kaagaz ke Phool (1959)

Where to watch: Amazon Prime, YouTube
Popular song: Waqt ne Kiya Kya Haseen Sitam
Cast: Guru Dutt, Waheeda Rehman, Kumari Naaz, Mehmood, Johnny Walker

FETFSFSFTY

The movie which is inspired by Guru Dutt’s association with Gyan Mukherjee, revolves around a famous director Suresh Sinha (Guru Dutt)  who stumbles upon a woman Shanti (Waheeda Rehman) and discovers star potential in her. He casts her as the lead in a film. In the twisted tale of fate, Shanti indeed becomes a superstar and Suresh faces a decline in his career.

10. Chaudavin Ka Chand (1960)

Cast: Guru Dutt, Waheeda Rehman, Rehman, Minoo Mumtaz, Johnny Walker, Mumtaz Begum, Pravin Paul

This masterpiece also entered into the 2nd Moscow International Film Festival and won several Filmfare awards too.

The story of a love triangle revolves around two friends Aslam and Nawab, who fall in love with the same woman Jameela unknowingly. While the friends are ready to sacrifice for each other, it is Jameela who decides who she is in love with. 

11. Sahib Bibi Aur Ghulam(1962)

Cast: Meena Kumari, Guru Dutt, Waheeda Rehman, Rehman, DK Sapru, Dhumal, Pratima Devi

If you have watched Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster, that film was Tigmanshu Dhulia’s attempt to take the story that was narrated in Sahib Bibi Aur Ghulam, a film produced by Guru Dutt and based on a classic Bengali novel Shaheb Bibi Golam by Bimal Mitra, forward. The film was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 13th Berlin International Film Festival, and was chosen as India’s official entry to the Oscars

The story of this film revolves around humble servant Bhootnath (Guru Dutt) gets close to the wife Chhoti Bahu (Meena Kumari) of his employer Chhote Sarkar (Rehman) and narrates the story from his POV

Who was Amar Bose?

Amar Bose, the brilliant mind behind the formation of the Bose Corporation, a brand synonymous with exceptional excellence in the domains of acoustics and sound systems, was a forerunner of his time. He was born and reared in the United States, and he began demonstrating his sharp mind and business abilities at a young age. He was fascinated by electronics since he was a boy, and he spent hours disassembling and repairing radio sets. He had no idea how useful his abilities would be throughout the conflict! During World War II, while his father’s business was struggling, young Amar offered to assist him with his own business enterprise. He repaired radios every day after school and contributed to his family’s income. Recognizing his son’s abilities, his father, despite his lack of financial means, arranged for him to attend the prestigious Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He began his work as a teacher and has always had a passion for study. He eventually founded the Bose Corporation, which went on to become a pioneer in speaker technology and psychoacoustics. Despite the fact that his primary goal was never to generate money, his company did exceptionally well, and he was ranked among the world’s wealthiest individuals in 2007.

Childhood and Adolescence

Amar Bose was born in Pennsylvania to a Bengali father and an American mother. Noni Gopal Bose, his father, was an Indian independence fighter who was frequently imprisoned for his political activities, prompting him to flee to the United States. Charlotte, his mother, was a schoolteacher with French and German descent.
He attended and graduated from Abington Senior High School. He had a fascination with electronics since he was a child, and he liked to disassemble and study radio sets.
Due to shipping constraints, his father’s business of importing coconut-fiber doormats from India became difficult during WWII. Amar proposed that they open a radio repair shop, and he spent his after-school hours repairing radios and boosting the family’s income.
His father, impressed by his young son’s abilities, chose to send him to the greatest college in the country, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). In 1947, his father took out a $10,000 loan to send his son to MIT. He intended to study at MIT for two years, but ended up remaining for nine, during which time he earned his BS and then went on to obtain his PhD in Electrical Engineering for his thesis on nonlinear systems.

Career

A lover of classical music, he bought an expensive stereo system which was theoretically supposed to produce high quality sound. However on using it he found that it produced very inferior sound, a realization that motivated him to research on the topic.
Upon his graduation he became an Assistant Professor in MIT though he was equally interested in research. He went on teach at MIT for 45 years.
During the early 1960s, he invented a new type of stereo speaker which made use of multiple smaller speakers. His PhD mentor at the MIT, Dr. Y. W. Lee motivated him to pursue long term research in acoustics. Thus in 1964, he founded his own company, the Bose Corporation that specialized Career He acquired a costly stereo system, which was allegedly meant to generate excellent quality sound, because he was a classical music fan. However, after utilising it, he discovered that it produced poor sound, prompting him to conduct further research.
He became an Assistant Professor at MIT after graduation, despite his passion in research. He went on to teach for 45 years at MIT. He designed a new sort of stereo speaker in the early 1960s that used numerous smaller speakers. Dr. Y. W. Lee, his PhD advisor at MIT, encouraged him to undertake long-term acoustic research. As a result, in 1964, he formed the Bose Corporation, a corporation that specialised in audio.
Bose aimed to develop the next generation of speakers. He invented the 901 Direct/Reflecting speaker system in 1968, which helped him become the market leader in audio components. He continued his groundbreaking work in this field by developing the Bose Wave radio and Bose noise-cancelling headphones. These ideas were so successful that pilots from both the military and the commercial sector embraced them.
Bose was committed to research and developed software that allowed acoustic engineers to recreate sound from each seat in a large hall. This was utilised in the Staples Center in Los Angeles, the Sistine Chapel, and several other places. Despite the fact that Bose was more concerned with changing acoustics and speaker systems than with making money, his company prospered due to the high quality items it developed.
Automobile manufacturers such as Mercedes and Porsche began integrating Bose audio systems in their vehicles in the 1980s. Until 2001, he was a professor at MIT, where he used unusual teaching methods to engage his pupils. In 2011, he gave MIT the bulk of his company’s non-voting shares under the condition that they never be sold.

Achievements & Awards

For his “exceptional contributions to consumer electronics in sound reproduction, industry leadership, and engineering education,” he received the IEEE/RSE Wolfson James Clerk Maxwell Award in 2010. In 2014, the Association of Loudspeaker Manufacturing & Acoustics International presented him with the Beryllium Lifetime Achievement Award, which he received posthumously.

Many colleges of India made 75% attendance per subject in every semester compulsory for students as a criteria for eligibility to appear for exams and still require at least 50% attendance per subject (during online classes).

Mandatory attendance in college has always been a highly debated topic among students. Many students want freedom to choose which classes to attend, while college authorities insist students must attend classes and maintain a basic discipline.

The attendance rules are very strictly implemented.

Students are sometimes not allowed to give exams because of lack of attendance. If not that, then internal marks are affected.

Parents support this wholeheartedly because there is a preconceived notion that quality of a child’s education is directly proportional to the number of classes, he/she attends. And this is not true, we know it.

• The problem

The problem arises when you see the actual consequence of this rule. Students do attend more classes, but only because of fear. The actual passion for studying in class is lost. Anything which is forced upon someone will lose its charm. Students don’t come to college because they want to; they come to college because they have to.

The question arises if this rule is really necessary and whether attending classes is really that important in colleges. Let’s see –

THE PROS OF MANDATORY ATTENDANCE

• It does affect grades

An hour or a half or a lecture could be helpful no matter how much we try to oppose it. The knowledge that the professors impart to the students, the tricks and day to day examples shared by the professors are always a big boon while preparing for the exams. Not 100%, but at least 50% of what the professors teach can be easily understood by the students if given proper attention.

• A responsibility

Education in the colleges is not imparted for free. Parents work hard day and night to pay the five figure fees of the college, because they want to give the best there can be for their children. Ruining their efforts by simply bunking lectures is not a way to pay back. It is extremely important to be responsible and attend lectures to keep in track with the study pattern and the important notes that are delivered out in the process.

• A matter of discipline

It’s not that the attendance issue is going to be there forever. It is just a matter of 3 or 4 years where the parents invest a lot for their child. There will no longer be classes and teachers to guide along, once the college is over. This is the part of life that comes with the package of being in college and one must learn to live it. Students learn self-discipline due to mandatory attendance, which will help them in their professional as well as personal life.

• Socialization

Good attendance is needed to develop a strong sense of community in a classroom and to encourage a healthy sense of class participation. In the process of learning how to balance all their responsibilities, students could become better at multi-tasking as well.

THE CONS OF MANDATORY ATTENDANCE

• Earn and Learn

Unnecessary excuse as this may sound to the professors yet it is true that not all students are born with that silver spoon that could pay for the college and other expenses. There are some students in the society that need to work along with attending the college to fight the financial problems of the family. For such students, the mandatory attendance rule becomes difficult to follow. Having a desire to earn for the family and also educated oneself is a very great thought, but remains unsupported due to this rule.

• Teaching method

The main reason for this issue is the scarcity of quality teachers in colleges these days. If a faculty is not good, no one will pay attention even if all the students are forced to attend all the lectures.

On the other hand, if a faculty is good then all the students will voluntarily come to the class even if it’s an extra lecture or an optional paper. Contrary to popular opinion, students like to study. They want to learn new things. Students are curious.

When a student is forced to attend a lecture, which is given by an incompetent or even a boring lecturer, then the curiosity in him/her dies. It breeds incompetence as faculties are not worried about the number of students attending their class. They can teach in whatever manner they want to and get away with it.

• Grown ups

By the time students pass out high school, they are grown up and responsible enough to understand what they require from life. As college students and as adults, students should have the right to prioritize their time based on their needs.

If Students are mature enough to elect the country’s government, surely, they can decide what lectures to attend and what lectures to bunk.

• No time for extra-curricular activities

The mandatory attendance scheme leaves no time for the students to develop their personalities as individuals. These extra-curricular activities, tech-fests and inter-college competitions are the ways one could gain a good exposure to the real world. Students learn how to deal with different people.

• The old syllabus

The syllabus taught in most of the colleges is very old and has almost 0 practical approach. What makes it boring for the students is the theoretical aspect of education. Listening to one particular person for 60minutes continuously, about some very old technology becomes tedious. College curriculum is hardly providing the skills that are required to get employed.

CONCLUSION

• A choice, not an obligation

Attending college should be a choice and not an obligation. Just attending the lectures for attendance and causing disturbance to the others paying attention is of no use. Those who are interested to learn new things will of course attend the lecture, no matter what percentage of attendance is mandatory.

• Practical approach

The syllabus should be designed in such a way that the latest technologies must be also included in it. There should be a practical and interactive approach to impart the knowledge that would make it interesting for the students to study. Also, the lecture time must be reduced because it is not possible for a human being to concentrate on one particular topic for 60 continuous minutes.

Thus, every coin has two sides. While implementing strict rules regarding attendance could be a way to ensure that students attend the classes and are being evaluated on a regular basis, this could also become troublesome for students. In order to achieve a balance, the implementation of attendance should have relaxations within it for such situations where students are unable to attend the classes regularly due to genuine reasons. Students should have the right to choose which lecture they want to attend and which not. The teaching quality and the syllabus should also be improved, because education is the root cause for a country’s development and it has to always be the best!

SOURCES

https://talentbattle.in/blogs/group-discussion/should-attendance-be-mandatory

https://www.groupdiscussionideas.com/should-attendance-be-made-compulsory-for-students/

Mary Kom is an Indian Olympic Boxer who is the only female to win World Amateur Boxing Championship six times. She is the only women boxer to have won a medal in each of the first seven world championships. Kom is also the first women boxer to earn a Gold Medal at the Asian Games (2014 in Incheon, South Korea) and at the Commonwealth Games (2018 Gold Coast, Australia).

Kom is also a member of Rajya Sabha after being nominated by the President of India on 26 April 2016. 

Born into a poor family, being the eldest one she had to take care of her siblings and also work with her parents to help them financially. Growing up she wasn’t a fan of boxing. Seeing boxer Dingko Singh won Gold at the Asian Games in 1998, inspired her to take up boxing. Even though her father was against her decision but she stood there firmly and convinced her father and look where she is now.

Career and Achievements

• She won her first Gold in 2001 as the Women Boxing Champion of India. Followed by winning the East Open Boxing Champ later in the same year. MC Mary Kom also won the title of Sr World Women Boxing Champ (WWBC) five times in her entire career out of the six she played. The winning editions were the 2nd (2001), 3rd (2003), 4th (2004), 5th (2004), 6th (2005). 

• Mary Kom also won the National Women Sort Meet in New Delhi 2001 and also won the National Games in the year 2002 held in Hyderabad.

• In the Asian Women’s Championships held across the Asian countries, she kept on winning a Gold medal for her nation for the years 2005, 2010, 2012, and 2017. But in the event held in 2008 in Guwahati, India she had to settle with a Silver Medal when she lost to Jong Ok again in the pin weight category. MC Mary Kom was also part of the Asian Games both indoor and outdoors. And has made her country proud in both fields. Her first Asian Game medal came in an Indoor tournament held in Hanoi in 2009 where she won a Gold medal again in the category of pin weight. After this, she won a bronze in 2010 and a gold in 2014 in the category of a flyweight.

• She secured the title of AIBA Women’s World Championship in the next edition of 2002 in Turkey. After that, she played five editions of the same World Championships and kept on defending her title as the World Championships held across the globe.

• She has also won theWomen’s World Cup once in the year 2004. And a Gold Medal at the Commonwealth Games in 2018 was held in Queensland, Australia.  

Other than that, she has been awarded various honors. She is the first amateur athlete to win the Padma Bhushan.

• Padma Bhushan (Sports), 2013
• Arjuna Award (Boxing), 2003
• Padma Shree (Sports), 2006
• Contender for Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, 2007
• People of the Year- Limca Book of Records, 2007
• Pepsi MTV Youth Icon, 2008
• ‘Magnificent Mary’, AIBA 2008
• Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award, 2009

Currently, we are living in a world of technology and we are simply surrounded by technology everywhere. Technology has just become an unavoidable part of our life. It affects our life in numerous ways like shopping, socializing, connecting, playing and most importantly learning. With the presence of technology increasing day by day it is of utmost importance that technology should be used for education as well. Technology basically plays a crucial role in the system of education.

• First and foremost, technology greatly increases the scope of education. The correct use of technology will help the students to prepare for their future career. The access to technology has become very easy and convenient in the recent times and hence its importance has also greatly increased. With the advent of wireless technology, it has even become more simplified.

• The integration of technology in the education system will be the most effective way of providing education. Most importantly, technology is a great way to achieve diversity in the styles of learning and this diversity will be of immense benefit for the students in their future life & career.

• Technology provides an effective way of interaction. The students are able to interact with their classmates more and more by encouraging collaboration which is very beneficial for effective learning.

• Technology helps the students to prepare themselves for the real world after the education is completed. As we are currently living in a technological world and the nation is becoming more & more dependent on technology it is extremely important that technology is inculcated among the students so that they do not face any kind of problem in their future life. The students are becoming tech savvy from their school life itself so they would not have to face any difficulties in their future career and life. Technology has the capability of making the students successful in their future and hence its importance.

• Implementation of technology in the education system helps the students to focus and get engaged. The students of today simply love technology and hence they will definitely be interested in learning if the thing what they love is integrated into their system of learning. Technology will simply attract the students towards learning if technology is a part of the education.

• The classroom has become a happier place with technology. The students get extremely excited about being able to use the technology themselves which increases their interest towards learning. With constant and continuing advances in the world of technology, the students are able to get improved access to the various educational opportunities.

• Technology has been improving on a daily basis and with the advent of mobile technology which is readily available, the students are able to get the latest information at a single click. The access to information has become extremely quick and convenient at the same time which is much easier as that ever before.

Conclusion

Technology is helpful in many ways especially in terms of education. It helps students to develop interest and learn new things. Nowadays a newly born child gets used to a mobile phone and when kids will get their education on these platforms, they will just love it.

Sources

https://myessaypoint.com/the-importance-of-technology-in-education

https://www.cram.com/subjects/Importance-of-Technology-in-Education-Essay

How do you view the education system of India? The education system plays a crucial role in one’s development. Though the whole education system of India in history has some positive examples. Nowadays we can’t deny the fact that the education system is failing for quite some decades. There are many Indian colleges and schools and that many students have been studying in those schools and colleges. But the quality is important to India’s education system, it turned out to be a failure as compared to a foreign country’s education. Because many of the colleges and schools( larger or smaller) and universities have flaws and lag. Colleges and schools mainly focus on the journey of a student rather than teaching some core disciplines and all-important destination of learning. Majority of the people who manage to learn to tend to shift abroad for earning a better income. Because the mindset of Indian people is, even after studying for 15 years jobs aren’t properly assigned to a person who deserves it.  The government is paying attention to educate every child as a basic right, the illiteracy rate is going high. To study students usually appeal to study under their guru and then the guru invites them to their home, one should stay there. Students get to learn and have detailed ideas about all the subjects from Sanskrit maths to physics. So, earlier everything was related to life and nature and it was not just about learning and juggling up.

Earlier India was considered as richest of all countries, but due to the entry of foreign colonizers, India lost its richness, wealth, and knowledge. The educational system restricted the so-called modern education knowledge, including English, mathematics, philosophy was considered vague in the late 1830s.

There are major downsides to modern education in India. Which is an ongoing system of education that is just not affordable for many students. In India, more than 37% of the people are living below the poverty line, so education is so expensive that it is unavailable for many of them. Many schools have poor teaching systems, many have fluctuating teachers in government schools. The level of education in government schools is just not applicable because they do not possess a proper image among students and people. Instead of focusing on learning new things and focusing on the debate, writing, expressing new ideas, writing, developing mental and critical thinking our education is mainly focused on where is your degree achieved. Absence of proper framework for developing industry with academia. Our colleges lack a multi-disciplinary approach. Private institutions which provide degrees to postgraduate. Even private institutes are expensive and also complicated procedures for common people.

Steps to enhance the recent system.
1. Government should take steps to extend the rate of primary schools in rural areas so that people who are staying in villages have the proper opportunity to study.
2. More emphasis should be given to adult education and teach guidelines. So, that parents become keen towards their kid’s education.
3. There should be strict laws related to cheating and then the system should be created corruption-free.
4. Everyone should be given proper opportunity rather than discriminating on cast, culture, and gender, rich and poor.
5. People should be employed and get jobs according to their results and grades.
6. Education loans should be made available, so that poor families for their kid’s education.
7. Girls’ education should give the highest priority.
8. The condition of colleges and schools should be raised to a reasonable level.

India is a progressive country and the recent education system can be improved. As of now, there’s an urgent need for change in the education system or else India will be more divided and unequal than it is today. There’s going to be a change in the education system.  The sole step to improve education is to help strict laws, education itself, and to penalize those who are against it.

Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that studies how an overall economy—the market or other systems that operate on a large scale—behaves.

The two main areas of macroeconomic research are long-term economic growth and shorter-term business cycles.

Macroeconomics in its modern form is often defined as starting with John Maynard Keynes and his theories about market behavior and governmental policies in the 1930s; several schools of thought have developed since.

Macroeconomics studies economy-wide phenomena such as inflation, price levels, rate of economic growth, national income, gross domestic product (GDP), and changes in unemployment.

Some of the key questions addressed by macroeconomics include: What causes unemployment? What causes inflation? What creates or stimulates economic growth? Macroeconomics attempts to measure how well an economy is performing, to understand what forces drive it, and to project how performance can improve.

Understanding Macroeconomics

There are two sides to the study of economics: macroeconomics and microeconomics. As the term implies, macroeconomics looks at the overall, big-picture scenario of the economy.

Put simply, it focuses on the way the economy performs as a whole and then analyzes how different sectors of the economy relate to one another to understand how the aggregate functions. This includes looking at variables like unemployment, GDP, and inflation.

Macroeconomists develop models explaining relationships between these factors. Such macroeconomic models, and the forecasts they produce, are used by government entities to aid in the construction and evaluation of economic, monetary, and fiscal policy; by businesses to set strategy in domestic and global markets; and by investors to predict and plan for movements in various asset classes.

Given the enormous scale of government budgets and the impact of economic policy on consumers and businesses, macroeconomics clearly concerns itself with significant issues. 

Limits of Macroeconomics

It is also important to understand the limitations of economic theory. Theories are often created in a vacuum and lack certain real-world details like taxation, regulation, and transaction costs.

The real world is also decidedly complicated and includes matters of social preference and conscience that do not lend themselves to mathematical analysis.

Even with the limits of economic theory, the performance of companies, and by extension their stocks, is significantly influenced by the economic conditions in which the companies operate and the study of macroeconomic statistics can help an investor make better decisions and spot turning points.

Likewise, it can be invaluable to understand which theories are in favor and influencing a particular government administration. 

Areas of Macroeconomic Research

Economic Growth

Economic growth refers to an increase in aggregate production in an economy. Macroeconomists try to understand the factors that either promote or retard economic growth in order to support economic policies that will support development, progress, and rising living standards.

Business Cycles

Superimposed over long term macroeconomic growth trends, the levels and rates-of-change of major macroeconomic variables such as employment and national output go through occasional fluctuations up or down, expansions and recessions, in a phenomenon known as the business cycle.

SOURCES

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/macroeconomics.asp