WHAT IS BLOOM’S TAXONOMY?

Hers’s a quick note about Bloom’s taxonomy! Find out!

Who devised it?

Benjamin Samuel Bloom was an American educational psychologist who chaired the committee of educators that devised the taxonomy. He made contributions to the classification of educational objectives and the theory of mastery learning. In 1956, he edited the first volume of The Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals, which classified learning objectives.

Bloom’s Taxonomy

It is a set of three hierarchical models used to classify educational learning objectives into levels of complexity and specificity. The three lists cover the learning objectives in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains.

The Cognitive Domain

The cognitive domain has six levels: Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyze, Evaluate, and Create. It is knowledge-based. It is the primary domain.

Remember: It involves remembering facts, specific terms, categories, principles, theories, etc.

Understand: It involves understanding facts and ideas by organizing, summarizing, and giving descriptions.

Apply: It involves solving problems in new situations by applying acquired knowledge and facts.

Analyze: It involves examining and analysis of elements, relationships, and organization.

Evaluate: It involves presenting and defending opinions by making judgments about information. 

Create: It involves building a structure or production of communication and plans.

Cognitive Domain
Cognitive Domain

The Affective Domain:

It describes the way people react emotionally and their ability to feel emotions. It is emotion-based. There are five levels: Receiving, Responding, Valuing, Organizing, and Characterizing.

Receiving: The listener pays attention.

Responding: The listener reacts as a response.

Valuing: The listener associates a value to the knowledge acquired.

Organizing: The listener elaborating with their schema. 

Characterizing: The listener builds abstract knowledge.

Affective Domain
Affective Domain

The Psychomotor Domain

It describes the ability to physically manipulate a tool or instrument like a hand or a hammer. It is action-based.

Psychomotor Domain
Psychomotor Domain

The learning outcomes of the cognitive process of revised taxonomy were created in 2001.  These techniques and methods of the taxonomy of educational objectives are followed by many professors and teachers all over the world as a center for teaching.

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One of the biggest names in martial arts : Bruce Lee

A still from a movie done by Bruce Lee

Bruce Lee is a great Chinese personality, who is called by people as the best martial artist in the world. Lee is a martial artist as well as a Hong-Kong and American actor, philosopher, producer, director, screenwriter, and founder of the Jeet Kune Do martial arts. He had made a place in the hearts of people in a very short time with his work, due to which he was forever called one of the best martial artists.

He entered films at a young age and became famous as a child artist. He very soon became a martial arts instructor while doing his acting and martial arts work. People liked him a lot. But he died at the age of 32. Complete information about his life has been given in this article.

Introduction to Bruce Lee :

  1. Name– Bruce Lee
  2. Full Name– Lee Jun-fen
  3. Born– 27 November 1940
  4. Place of Birth– Chinatown, San Francisco, California, U.S.
  5. Nationality– Chinese, American
  6. Father– Lee Hoi-Chuen
  7. Mother– Grace Ho
  8. Siblings– Phoebe Lee, Agnes Lee, Peter Lee, Robert Lee
  9. Wife– Linda Lee Cadwell
  10. Kids– Brandon Lee, Shanan Lee
  11. Death– July 20, 1973
  12. Death Place– Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong

Bruce Lee’s Early Life :

Bruce Lee’s father was Lee Hoi-Chuen and his mother was Grace Ho. His family shifted to Hong Kong when he was three months old. Lee had four other siblings. He belonged to an affluent family, but was still involved in street fights and gang revelries, which was necessary for him to be trained in martial arts. His first teacher was his father, who taught Lee the basics.

At the age of 13, he began training for Wing Chun under Yip Man. He was taken to learn the art of Wing Chun privately from Yip Man and Wong Shun Leung due to their mixed lineage tradition. Academically, Lee received his early education at La Salle College. But due to not getting good marks, he was removed from there and put in ‘St. Francis Xavier’s College’.

His participation in street fights continued until 1959, relocating to San Francisco. Lee’s parents were deeply troubled by his violent behavior, and they wanted to leave Hong Kong for a safe and healthy avenue. After a few months in San Francisco, he moved to Seattle, where he enrolled to complete his further education at Edison Technical School. Meanwhile he worked as a live-in waiter for Ruby’s Chow’s restaurant. In 1961, he joined the University of Washington where he majored in drama. This is how his early life was spent.

Career :

Bruce Lee learned to speak monosyllabic words as a child before the start of his career. His father, who was a Cantonese opera star, was associated with the film background, from where his career started. He was only three months old when he did his first film “Golden Gate Girl”. The early years of his life were eventful since making his debut in the world of spectacle.

Due to this an actor was born in him and his acting skills went on increasing with every film, he did about 18 to 20 films at that time. After acting from 1959 to 1964, he left his acting career and made martial arts his profession. He started this as a teacher of kung-fu. With his time, he opened his own martial arts school in Seattle named “Lee Jun Fen Gung Fu Institute”.

In 1964, he left his college to join James Lee, a renowned martial arts instructor from Oakland. Together they opened another school in the same city, which was named Jun Fen Martial Arts Studio. In 1964, Lee competed in the Long Beach International Karate Championships, where he was popularized by his ‘2-finger push-up’ and ‘one-inch punch’.

After this he went there where he met Taekwondo master Zhu Gu Ri, there they became friends immediately and it was beneficial for both the artists. He performed very well in an event in 1967. Meanwhile, he had a personal match with Wong Jack Man, which he won. Although the result of the match was declared unanimously, there were two versions regarding its proceedings.

His exceptional performance at the Long Beach Karate Championship brought him into the limelight of Hollywood directors. His first acting stint as a mature adult was in the TV series ‘The Green Hornet’. The show started in 1966 and ran its first season till 1967.

From 1967 to 1969, she was invited as a guest in many TV series, including TV series like ‘Ironside’, ‘Here Comes the Brides’ and ‘Blondie’. In between his acting, he used to take some time out to concentrate on his martial arts as well. He realized that he was too rigid in traditional martial arts techniques. They created a new system that required them to be prepared in traits such as practicality, flexibility, speed and efficiency.

This happened when Jeet Kung Do paved the way for the intercepting fist. In 1969, he went as a guest in the film ‘Marlov’. However, he lacked the bias and key role, leaving Los Angeles for Hong Kong in the summer of 1971. Upon arriving in Hong Kong, Lee signed two films.

In 1972, he was an actor, writer, director, star and choreographer for a fight scene in the film ‘Way of Dragon’. In the same year, he got another film offer, which was named ‘Inter the Dragon’. The film was to be released on 26 July 1973. In this way he had a career in film and martial arts.

His Major Works :

Bruce Lee, an eminent martial arts artist, has done many films and TV shows. One of the films that made the most of the headlines as well as made him a hero, was The Golden Harvest and Inter de Dragon by Warner Bros Productions. The film grossed worldwide and earned about $ 200 million. This was his biggest success.

His Death :

He suddenly collapsed on 10 May 1973, when he was dubbing for the film ‘Inter the Dragon’ even after going through a headache and seizure. Immediately, he was admitted to the Baptist Hospital in Hong Kong, where he was diagnosed with cerebral edema. He was cured of the first illness. After this, on 20 July 1973, he was scheduled to meet James Bond star, George Lazenby, to which they agreed and arranged a meeting with Raymond Chow and Betty Ting Pie at Letter’s Residence to discuss the script for the film ‘Games of Death’ they wanted to make with Lazenby. He complained of headache and took the pain killer. He lay down to take a nap, and this was his last nap.

He was taken to Queen Elizabeth Hospital, where he was pronounced dead. His body was examined, in which it was found that the Meprobamate ingredient had caused an allergic reaction, due to which he died. He was buried in his wife’s hometown at Lakeview Cemetery in Seattle. In order to preserve his home in Hong Kong, it was announced that it has been converted into a tourist site by a philanthropist, Yu Pang-li.

Achievements :

  • After his death, his name was listed in Time magazine’s list of the “100 Most Influential People of the 20th Century”.
  • In 2013, he was honored with the prestigious Founder’s Awards at the Asian Awards. A statue of him was unveiled that same year in Chinatown, Los Angeles. The 7 foot tall statue was erected in Guangzhou, China, and proudly admires his achievements as a martial arts instructor to this day.

Some interesting facts about Bruce Lee :

  • Bruce Lee was born in San Francisco.
  • One of Bruce Lee’s secret hobbies was writing poetry and in fact he was very good at it.
  • Bruce Lee was one of Hong Kong’s most prominent child actors, having done 20 films by the time he was just 18 years old.
  • When Bruce was 13, he was taught ‘Wing Chun’ by Grandmaster ‘Y’ Ip.
  • Bruce Lee also belonged to Germany, because his mother was from Germany.
  • Jackie Chan started his career as a stuntman in Bruce Lee’s Fist of Fury and Inter the Dragon.
  • Once when asked who would win the fight to the death, Chunk Norris said – “Surely Bruce Lee, no one can beat him”.
  • Bruce Lee was also known as a great cha-cha dancer, he also won the Hong Kong cha-cha championship in 1958.
  • Bruce Lee’s last film ‘Games of Death’ also includes the scene of his actual funeral, in which he was inside the coffin.
  • Bruce Lee also demonstrated a ONE INCH PUNCH with which he could throw his opponent 6 feet far on the floor with just one inch gap between him and his opponent.

Why Is an Internship Important?

Internships are popular amongst college students who need to gain work experience. Internships are important when deciding on a career. It helps you to figure out your interests and if possible even helps you to get paid for the work. It not only helps you develop your professional skills but also your leadership and soft skills.

Finding a job can be a challenge, especially if you don’t have experience. Unfortunately, you need to obtain a job before you can gain experience. Internships are a great way for college students, recent graduates or anyone considering a career change to obtain valuable work experience. 

Here are some reasons why internships are beneficial –

  • It helps you figure out your interests. You might think you know what career you want to pursue, but you won’t know if it is the right fit for you until you gain some experience. 

  • Internships are a great way to apply your knowledge to real-world experience. It not only provides you the first-hand experience in the real working world but also enables you to understand the desired job title. 

  • Having an internship gives you experience in the career field you want to pursue. 

  • Make connections – Through internships, you can get connected to the employees of the organization through Linkedln that you are working for as an intern. For many students, the internship is a stepping stone to additional opportunities within the same organization, including full-time employment. The more people you meet in the professional world with the same interest, the higher your chances to grow as a professional.

  • Students can gain work experience – If you have done an internship and remaining of the candidate haven’t then the internship will give you an edge over the remaining candidates who are there for the interview and haven’t done any internship. The interviewer will give preference to you cause you have work experience.

  • Build your resume – You are not only gaining experience but you are building your resume. Most organizations that you apply after your graduation look for candidates who had internship experience. You can highlight your qualifications in your resume.

  • Allows you to gain more internship opportunities – After completing one internship, you can apply to another, and the chances of getting hired become more as you have the experience and the organizations always want to hire an experienced candidate.

  • Not only do internships help develop your professionalism, but they also encourage character growth. Many employers even value personal qualities over professional knowledge when it comes to employment. It develops the necessary skills required to stand out in the job market.

  • Learn from others – You can learn a lot about your strengths and weakness during internships. You get feedback on your from the supervisors and offer a learning opportunity.

  • Many internships are paid which means you can gain valuable work experience and make money at the same time.

If you are a college freshman and looking for an internship, then Internshala and Linkedln are the best options for you. Finding an internship might be difficult but don’t lose hope and keep trying.

FAMOUS PAINTINGS

Every painting has a unique definition of its own , the artists immortalise themselves with these masterpieces . Here are a list of famous paintings that will surely amaze you.

STARRY NIGHT – This beautiful art piece was created by Vincent Van Gogh , a Dutch painter in June 1889 . He painted this while he was in an asylum of Saint-Paul-de-Mausole. The value of this painting is well above 100 million dollars .You can visit Museum of Modern Art in New York City if you wish to see this beautiful art work.

GIRL WITH A PEARL EARRING – This magnificent oil painting is by another Dutch painter , Johannes Vermeer. It has been nicknamed as Mona Lisa of the North . This painting is housed in Mauritshuis , the art museum in The Hague , Netherlands. This painting also is an inspiration behind a movie and a novel.

THE PERSISTENCE OF MEMORY – This was painted by the famous painter Salvador Dalí in 1931. This painting is a symbol of surrealism . This painting now resides in the Museum of Modern Art , in New York City . Its net worth is between 50 to 150 million dollars .

MONA LISA – This half length portrait painting was painted by the Italian painter Leonardo Da Vinci . The painting was also stolen once by Vincenzo Peruggia , an Italian thief. it’s the most valuable painting in the world . This painting is in Louvre Museum , Paris and has a net worth of 860 million dollars

EVOLUTION OF OTT PLATFORMS.

In the wake of the covid-19 pandemic and frequent lockdown, an Over The Top (OTT) platform has taken over the whole business of theatres and the media industry. Due to this, one noteworthy trend of OTT platforms has changed and compelled the usage of it more innovatively. In the past year, the usage of OTT platforms has increased due to the restrictions on traveling and many other things which led people to seek their entertainment online like never before. The biggest interruption was the accelerated shift of watching content on big screens to small screens. This thing doubled the usage of internet users which led to the increase in subscription of all the OTT platforms. Subscription of top OTTs led to the increment of 55-60 percent. Covid-29 has made it clear about the vital importance to be online and create enormous content to engage with a large amount of audience. As a result, more and more content is being created for the target audience. Netflix, Prime Video, Hotstar among others are the prevailing consumer in the OTT platform. But covid-19 presented these OTTs to many users and opportunities for entry into these platforms.

The emergence of OTT platforms has disrupted the entertainment industry. Although, it does have some positive side and negative side. OTT platforms had made it convenient, affordable, and easily accessible for the watchers to watch their favorite TV shows, movies, etc.  Reports say that the average time spends by each Consumer has gone from 20-50 min during this time. With the extension of Lockwood and the current situation, OTT is seeking a new normal. The big players in the film industry might have been discomfort regarding OTT as the new normalcy. But  Due to this films have been bearing a great loss, numerous big projects are on hold and the loss they are bearing is almost around INR 30 billion. sell ve gone down due to the effective impact on financial services, socio-economic problems. The launch of series, movies, etc on the DTH and OTT platforms will collect billions of viewers worldwide. The production house will make millions in the first week itself. The cinemas can see the multi-million film release but have to take the risk of minimizing guarantee deals for covering the production cost.

OTT platforms are creating more impact in our daily lives.
Disadvantage:
1. The content which is streamed is only available to those who have access to the internet and they are not available to some of the rural areas.
2. Unstable wife connection will be the disadvantage for the user to watch on HD quality stream as it needs proper connection. A proper network will not be an interruption for media content. If you want to watch in HD quality, you must have 2MBPs of internet connection.
3. All OTT platforms need personal confidential information for paying for the subscription except HBO, Netflix, Prime Video, etc. Any cybercrime can happen on such sites. Though the securities are tight they may sometimes weaken the ropes.
4. OTT platforms are on their own, the government doesn’t have any right to put laws and regulations. As they are non-censored and there is no age limitation, it’s free to age limit. It creates an increase in viewership. This is the greatest disadvantage.
5. Users are more likely to Westheimer time on OTT platforms whether it is during classes, school, college’s or while studying, mostly are kids and teenagers. The Jump from one series to another and let them keep busy in that stuff rather than being active and doing something creative.

The film industry went through ups and down due to shifts in the industry when all the Bollywood mainstream were bypassed to OTT releases. This trend will be continuing shortly as this was going to be our future in the next 25 years, then why not now? As people are afraid of going to theatres for a while. As of now, it’s covid-19 time, so it’s OTT’s time. The whole family can sit together and watch it together. All those impacts have a different place and watching together is a different thing because everything has both pros and cons.

Akshay Kumar : 5 Movies to Watch

Rajiv Hari Om Bhatia, known more by his popular name of Akshay Kumar is one of Bollywood’s most popular actors and a household name. Apart from being an actor, Akshay Kumar is also a producer, martial artist and television personality. Akshay Kumar is a certified black belt in Taekwondo, and learnt the martial art ‘Muay Thai’ while in Thailand. After returning from Thailand Akshay took up teaching martial arts. However, his childhood dream of becoming an actor never left him. One of his student’s parents recommended him for a modelling assignment. Akshay Kumar then decided to take up modelling as a career. A missed flight for an ad-shoot led him to visit a film studio with his portfolio. He was than scouted by a producer and the rest is history.

Akshay Kumar is primarily known for his action and comedy roles. His proficiency in martial arts has led to him performing his own stunts in his action movies. This has also given him the nickname of the ‘Indian Jackie Chan’. He has been praised by multiple critics as well as the general public for his acting and action stunts. He is also praised for his movies with a social message. According to the star, he feels that it is his way of giving back to society by making use of his stardom to communicate with and educate the masses.

Five of Akshay Kumar’s best films are:

Welcome

Welcome

Akshay Kumar’s comedy acting is always a delight to see. Welcome gives a good showcase of this. The story follows the shenanigans Rajiv (played by Akshay Kumar) and his family and friends become entangled in when he decides to wed Sanjana (played by Katrina Kaif), the sister of two dangerous mafia leaders (played by Nana Patekar and Anil Kapoor). The movie is filled with humor and has scenes which will have you in stitches. The comedy-duo of Akshay Kumar and Paresh Rawal bring smiles to your face with this movie.

Bhool Bhulaiya

Bhool Bhulaiya

If you ever thought that having a horror-comedy movie wouldn’t work out, Bhool Bhulaiya is here to prove you wrong. Although both horror and comedy seem like two genres which wouldn’t work out well in a movie together, Bhool Bhulaiya manages to pull it of spectacularly. Akshay Kumar plays a psychiatrist who gets called by a friend to help solve inexplicable incidences occurring at his ancestral home.

Hera Pheri

Hera Pheri

Considered a Bollywood classic and one of the best Bollywood comedy movies, Hera Pheri is one of Akshay Kumar’s most known films. The story follows three unemployed men searching for an issue for their lack of money. A solution soon arrives, but it may be more than what they bargained for. The movie stars Akshay Kumar, Sunil Shetty and Paresh Rawal.

Baby

Baby

Baby is a spy thriller movie. It follows the story of a special group of Indian spies, who under an operation called ‘Baby’ are on the hunt to catch an international terrorist and prevent terror attacks in India. Baby is engaging and keeps you guessing and on your toes throughout its run. Multiple critics have described Baby as a gritty and compelling movie, with praise for the acting and direction.

HOW TO GET YOUR LIFE BACK TOGETHER

If you feel like wasting your life, then read this!

What are you doing?

Whatever is happening around you, your life never stops its flow for anyone. It has to go with its flow so you can pass through your darkest to bright days. If you feel like wasting your life, then definitely you are listening to your heart to heal from something or just chilling your life. It is not wrong, but too much of anything is good for nothing. That is, you are going beyond the limits your mind has allowed for you. Maybe you are a step behind in reaching your dream, yet your bad habits are stopping you to reach it.

Think about your life
Think about your life

What is that feeling?

Well, this feeling constantly tells you, “You’re wasting your life!”, “Everyone is doing something productive in their life!”, “You are good for nothing!”, “Stop procrastinating work!”…..and so on. Most of us feel like falling apart when we are going through our hard days. And it is okay to feel like those. We have to move forward so life will change. None is productive for every day. It’s just you only see them being happy and not their worst days. Remember, you have control of your life & you can’t change the past. So, It’s time to reach your goals like successful people.

Stop worrying
Stop worrying

How to solve it?

It is you who should know how you feel. Take time and sort your feelings first! Now start cleaning your working environment, your room, or your space. Now write a “To-do list” of everything you want to do when you’re free. Get those work done can be a long or short term or daily task. Start maintaining your health because if you feel healthy and fit, it will boost your confidence. Whenever you have finished a task, give yourself an appreciation. Plan your next day before you go to sleep. Try to stick with your plan. Don’t give time to your mind thinking about unnecessary things. Try to extend your plans for the long term because “Success always comes with long-term hard work.”

Quote
Quote

I hope you can get your life back on track with a good choice!

How to improve Creativity

Creativity is the most difficult thinking skill to acquire, and also the most sought-after. We value it in our music, entertainment, technology, and other aspects of our existence. We appreciate and yearn for it because it enriches our understanding and can make life easier.

1. Keep learning

Once you’ve developed some creative skills, it’s important to keep on challenging yourself and acquiring new knowledge to inspire you and help you grow. Whether you simply make an effort to read more in your spare time, or look into taking more actual courses, constant learning is vital to boost your creativity.

2. Do what you love

When you actually love your job, you are naturally going to be more inspired and enthusiastic about creative problem solving and coming up with new ideas. A task that you keep putting off is going to be very difficult to approach with a positive, creative attitude.

Find a hobby that lets you be creative that you love to do, such as playing an instrument, painting, or even a sport that completely places you in the present.

3. Take a break

Although creativity is absolutely a skill you can train yourself to be better, it’s important to also not put too much pressure on yourself. If you’ve been sitting at your desk for hours desperately seeking new ideas and solutions and coming up with nothing, take a break.

Get a change of scenery, clear your head, and take your mind off the task at hand: when you come back to it with a fresh set of eyes, you might suddenly find the idea you’ve been waiting for sitting in front of you the entire time!

4. Surround Yourself With Inspiration

Surroundings also play a role in the creative process. Stimulating environments can facilitate creativity, so surrounding yourself with things that you find inspiring and motivating can help.

5. Make time for creativity

Many people make the mistake of simply waiting for inspiration to strike, and therefore don’t see creativity as a skill that can be honed and developed when you need it. Try to re-frame the way you see your creative skills and actually make time for creative thinking.

Conclusion

Creativity is not given to certain few individuals at birth. Most psychologists agree that creativity is equally distributed within the population. The truth is, most people use only a small portion of their natural creative abilities. However, if you implement the above tips, you will definitely notice a considerable improvement in your creative thinking abilities.

Sources

https://www.verywellmind.com/the-most-unusual-psychological-tricks-to-boost-your-creativity-4022442

https://www.edutopia.org/article/4-ways-develop-creativity-students

Game review -Ghost of Tsushima

Development

The game Ghost of Tsushima is open world samurai game made by Sucker Punch Productions and was released in 2020 . The sucker punch productions have bought us many wonderful video games series like infamous, sky copper etc

Game setting

This game is set on real life incident in late 13th century Japan on tsushima island as the mongol invasion takes place. In which almost every samurai were killed by the mongols . The invasion of Tsushima wa the first step in capturing mainland Japan. But when the mongols set sail for a the mainland a typhoon came and destroyed their ship thus saving Japan.

Story

In this game player have control over a samurai named Jin Sakai who is the last of his clan and also last of the few remaining samurais.

In this the game the mongol invasion is led by a mongol leader known as khotun khan who claims that he is the grandson of Genghis Khan. In the early part of the game jin realises that the samurai ways won’t work against this new enemy , fighting with honor will only get more and more people be killed by the mongols so jin has to resort to tactics like assassination and poision enemy which were against the samurai code as these tactics had no honor,it was believed that only cowards use these tactics and a samurai doesn’t, that is jin had to break his samurai code and becomes the ghost.

The game is divided in 3 acts , every acts unlocks a certain play area. In order to defeat the mongols jin had to gather allies which help him throughout the game. Throughout the game jin struggles to find his way as the ghost of Tsushima.

World environment

Exploration is one of the main parts of ghost of Tsushima as it rewards you with various items which become essential in the late game, in order to make the game more enjoyable players can learn various mythical abilities which are really fun to use.

Thier are various shrines located across Tsushima which can be found by exploring the map, the shrines also reward you with a certain type of item. One of the things that I liked the most about ghost of Tsushima is that how beautiful this game can be at certain times, players can also composed haiku (poems) which also makes exploration worth it.

Verdict

During my time playing ghost of Tsushima I did noticed some points where the game could improve but the experience calls for itself. The game also allows players to do various side activities like bamboo cutting , taking a bath in hot springs, pet a fox etc which are very enjoyable. I really enjoyed the main story and the ending concludes the game in the best way possible. If I wad to rate this game I would give this 10/10 score and I think everyone must play this game at least one.

Online Shopping

Online buying and selling have become important parts of many people’s lives. Virtual stores allow people to shop from the comfort of their homes without the pressure of a salesperson. Online marketplaces provide a new and more convenient venue for exchanging virtually all types of goods and services.

Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the internet using a web browser or a mobile application. Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine, which displays the same product’s availability and pricing at different e-retailers. As of 2020, customers can shop online using a range of different computers and devices, including desktop computers, laptops, tablet computers and smartphones. An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a regular “bricks and mortar retailer or shopping center, the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online shopping. When an online store is set up to enable businesses to buy from another businesses, the process is called business-to business (B2B) online shopping. A typical online store enables the customer to browser the firm’s range of products and services, view photos or images of the products, along with information about the product specification’s features and prices. Online stores usually enable shoppers to use “search” features to find specific models, brands or items. Online customers must have access to the internet and a valid method of payment i order to complete a transaction, such as a credit card, an interac-enabled debit card, or a service, such as PayPal.For physical products (for example paperback books or clothes), the e-trailer usually sends the file to the customers over the internet. The largest of these online online retailing corporations are Amazon, and eBay.

How does online buying work

Shopping online is just like heading out to the store. You can often but the same products online as available in a brick-and-mortar store and can sometimes score better sales.

  • Finding a product-When you shop online, you have to start by searching for a product. This can be done by visiting a store’s website, or of you are not aware of any store that has the particular item you are looking for, or you’d like to compare prices between stores, you can always search for the items with a search engine and compare the results. On major retail website, companies will have pictures, descriptions and prices. If a company or individual does not have the means to create a website, sometimes sites like Amazon and Etsy make it possible for them to display products or build their own online stores for a monthly fee. Many stores also have placed virtual customer service centers on their websites, so you can either call, email, or chat with a live customer service representative if you have questions.
  • Buying and receiving the product-After selecting product, the website usually has a “checkout” option. When you check out, you are often given a list o shipping and payments options. Shipping options include standard, expedited, or overnight shipping. Depending on the shipping company and your location, standard shipping usually takes seven to twenty one business days, and expedited shipping can take anywhere from two to six business days. There are typically various payments options available.
  • E-Check-This payment options is just like paying directly from your bank account. If you choose to pay by electronic check, you must enter your routing and account numbers. Once this is done, the amount is taken directly from your bank account.
  • Credit card-When you pay by credit card, instead of swiping your card as you would at a brick-and mortar store, you type the required credit card information into the provided fields. Required information includes your credit card number, expiration date, type of card and verification/security number, usually the last three digits on the back of the card above the signature.

Advantages of online trading

  • Convenience
  • Cost savings
  • Variety
  • No pressure
  • easy comparison

Disadvantages of online trading

  • Increased risk of identity theft
  • Vendor fund

Protecting yourself while shopping online

Overall, the advantages of shopping online out weight the disadvantages. That said, it is important to note that while they might be smaller in number,the disadvantages can be a major hardship. While shopping online, it is essential to protect yourself and your information.

  • Invest in technology
  • Be careful
  • Research
  • Shipping check
  • The bottom line

Also make sure that your computer is well protected before you begin any transactions that involves sensitive information. Many scams on the internet can negatively affect your credit score and cost you money, so be proactive in your research to get the most out of shopping online.

Self-Defence for WOMEN

Stepping home alone and feeling uncomfortable? Getting a weird vibe from a stranger on the bus?Fear of going out at night?

Verbal harassment was the most common form.

Many women are dealing with these issues and undergoing some aspect of sexual harassment, assault or both in their lifetime.

Verbal harassment

Even if you’ve personally never felt yourself in a circumstance that made you feel uneasy, you must learn how to escape yourself on your own.

All of us(women) should have to know How can we give them a befitting reply?

16 Movies That Prove That Gulzar’s Creative Genius Is Not Limited To His Lyrical Compositions

Ever since he started contributing to the world of cinema, Gulzar’s artistic creations have been a joy to behold. And even though for the world at large his lyrical compositions have been his calling card, cinephiles are aware of how he is also an equally brilliant director. 

Throughout his career, Gulzar has gifted Hindi cinema movies that explored a wide array of subjects and presented characters that stayed with us long after the movie was over. But perhaps his true genius as a director lay in the fact that he presented the kind of movies (original and adaptations) which are relevant even today, though the era in which they were created has long gone by:

1. Maachis

This 1996 political drama, starring Tabu, Jimmy Shergill and Chandrachur Singh, attempts to unearth the root cause of terrorism. An extremely moving tale, expertly supported by brilliant performances from all actors, Maachis is a story that is both, personal and political at the same time. Gulzar managed to infuse an emotional depth to each character, while also adding an objective realism to the story that sets it apart from just another tale of ‘misguided youth’. 

2. Angoor

Inspired by Shakespeare’s Comedy of ErrorsAngoor starred Sanjeev Kumar and Deven Verma in the titular role and is easily one of Bollywood’s finest comedies. Of course, Sanjeev Kumar’s straight-faced dialogue delivery made the suspicious Ashok so much more than just a comic character. But the seemingly simple plot took an altogether refreshing turn under Gulzar’s expert direction. 

3. Aandhi

Though widely regarded as just a political drama, Aandhi was actually a romantic tale as well. Starring Sanjeev Kumar and Suchitra Sen in the lead roles, it presented a love story far ahead of its times, where feminism was as central to the theme as political ambitions. It was a brilliantly sensitive take on the duality of approach when it comes to females in political positions. A special mention to the brilliant soundtrack, with lyrics by Gulzar of course. 

4. Parichay

When it comes to romantic family dramas, Gulzar’s Parichay – starring Jeetendra and Jaya Bachchan in lead roles – is a classic. A beautiful portrayal of how love and kindness can mend broken families, this was one of the first movies to show a ‘non-macho’ hero. Though inspired by the Bengali novel, Rangeen Uttarain by Raj Kumar Maitra and the Hollywood movie The Sound of Music, Gulzar managed to imbibe his signature sensibility to the movie, making a wholly different and entertaining story. 

5. Mere Apne

Gulzar’s directorial debut was a fair indication of his vision as a creator. Starring Meena Kumari, Vinod Khanna, and Shatrughan Sinha in the lead roles, the movie was a remake of the National Award-winning Bengali film Apanjan. But it was Gulzar who eliminated the movie’s formulaic aspects to lend it a more authentic feel. 

6. Koshish

Oft considered to be a landmark movie in the world of Indian cinema, Koshishwas a deeply moving tale about a deaf and mute couple’s personal struggle and societal conflicts. Starring Jaya Bachchan and Sanjeev Kumar, the movie was an extremely sensitive take on the plight of differently-abled people and the message it stood for – to make specially-abled people a part of the ‘normal society’ – is still as relevant as ever. 

7. Ijaazat

For the longest time, Hindi cinema has had a very unidimensional view of love and marriage. But with Ijaazat, Gulzar brought forth a story that was as revolutionary as it was realistic. The National Award winning movie, starring Rekha, Naseeruddin Shah, and Anuradha Patel, made an attempt to explore ‘grey’ characters, without binding them in a moral compass. And of course, the song Mera Kuch Samaan, is a classic if there ever was. 

8. Libaas

Starring Naseeruddin Shah, Raj Babbar, and Shabana Azmi, Libaas was based on Gulzar’s short story Seema and explored the story of a woman sexually frustrated in her marriage and looking for an escape. The movie won international acclaim, and was a refreshing take on adultery, for the time it was created in. 

9. Achanak

Inspired by the famous 1958 murder case KM Nanavati v State of Maharashtra, Achanak starred Vinod Khanna in the lead role and won Gulzar a Filmfare nomination for Best Director. The gripping tale is still considered as one of the finest crime dramas. The movie was also noted for having no songs in it. 

10. Khushboo

Starring Jeetendra and Hema Malini, Khushboo was the kind of story that stayed with you long after the runtime was over. The movie was praised for itssimple yet effective narrative, where it presented a beautiful story without resorting to dramatic dialogues or excessive fanfare. The quiet dignity with which the characters conducted themselves was a result of both fine performances and well-developed storylines.

11. Namkeen

Starring Sharmila Tagore, Sanjeev Kumar, Shabana Azmi and Waheeda Rehman in the lead roles, this National Film Award-winning movie was a sensitive (and much needed) take on the how women are ‘supposed’ to sacrifice to survive. One of the few films of the time to have an all-female lead, the movie is still relevant, years after it first released.  

12. Mausam

Mausam is a prime example of Gulzar’s authentic form of storytelling where false notes rarely, if ever, creep in. Starring Sanjeev Kumar and Sharmila Tagore, the movie was the perfect marriage of a great script and dynamic performances. The heartbreaking story of a man who wishes to improve the life of his former lover’s child is effective in its simplicity, because of Gulzar’s directorial vision. 

13. Meera

As the title suggests, the movie is a historical (and not mythological) take on saint Meera’s life. Her devotion to Lord Krishna is renowned and a major source of Hindu folklore. But Gulzar chose her life to express a woman’s struggle for independence and to represent society’s myopic and orthodoxical view of what a woman ‘should’ be like. 

14. Kitaab

In Bollywood’s phase of the ‘angry young man’ dramas, Kitaab was a poetic narrative of not only the innocence of childhood but also the harsh realities of an unequal society. The movie failed commercially, prompting Gulzar to wonder if Bollywood no longer had space for his gentle form of storytelling. Yet, years later, Kitaab still remains a favorite of cinephiles for whom the story was – and always will be – the king.

15. Kinara

Starring Jeetendra, Hema Malini, and Dharmendra, this romantic drama unearthed the anguish of love in a beautiful manner, and the feelings it invoked stayed with the viewer long after the credits had rolled. One of the few Bollywood movies to explore symbolism, it’s a directorial gem. Gulzar’s attention to detail and his ability to bring together various elements – story, soundtrack, acting – was on fine display here. 

16. Hu Tu Tu

Gulzar’s last directorial venture, Hu Tu Tu was a political drama that saw one of the finest performances by Tabu and Suniel Shetty. Exploring the concept of hate politics, Hu Tu Tu was devoid of the trademark romantic gaze that Gulzar lent to his movies. The brutally honest treatment of corruption and politics may not have gone down well with the audience, but there’s no denying that it was an important story to tell. 

These movies are but a small example of Gulzar’s creative genius. Even though after Hu Tu Tu in 1999 he has only contributed to a movie’s soundtrack, one can’t help but wish for his artistic vision to grace the silver screen again. 

TIME AND IT’S CONCEPT

The concept of time is self-evident. An hour consists of a certain number of minutes, a day of hours and a year of days. But we rarely think about the fundamental nature of time.

Time is passing non-stop, and we follow it with clocks and calendars. Yet we cannot study it with a microscope or experiment with it. And it still keeps passing. We just cannot say what exactly happens when time passes.

Time is familiar to everyone, yet it’s hard to define and understand. Science, philosophy, religion, and the arts have different definitions of time, but the system of measuring it is relatively consistent.

Time Dilation

We know from Einstein’s special and general relativity that time is relative. It depends on the frame of reference of an observer. This can result in time dilation, where the time between events becomes longer (dilated) the closer one travels to the speed of light. Moving clocks run more slowly than stationary clocks, with the effect becoming more pronounced as the moving clock approaches light speed. Clocks in jets or in orbit record time more slowly than those on Earth, muon particles decay more slowly when falling, and the Michelson-Morley experiment confirmed length contraction and time dilation.

Time Travel

Time travel means moving forward or backward to different points in time, much like you might move between different points in space. Jumping forward in time occurs in nature. Astronauts on the International Space Station jump forward in time when they return to Earth because of its slower movement relative to the station.

The idea of traveling back in time, however, poses problems. One issue is causality or cause and effect. Moving back in time could cause a temporal paradox. The “grandfather paradox” is a classic example. According to the paradox, if you travel back in time and kill your grandfather before your mother or father was born, you could prevent your own birth. Many physicists believe time travel to the past is impossible, but there are solutions to a temporal paradox, such as traveling between parallel universes or branch points.

Time Perception

The human brain is equipped to track time. The suprachiasmatic nuclei of the brain is the region responsible for daily or circadian rhythms. But neurotransmitters and drugs affect time perceptions. Chemicals that excite neurons so they fire more quickly than normal speed up time, while decreased neuron firing slows down time perception. Basically, when time seems to speed up, the brain distinguishes more events within an interval. In this respect, time truly does seem to fly when one is having fun.

Time seems to slow down during emergencies or danger. Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston say the brain doesn’t actually speed up, but the amygdala becomes more active. The amygdala is the region of the brain that makes memories. As more memories form, time seems drawn out.

The same phenomenon explains why older people seem to perceive time as moving faster than when they were younger. Psychologists believe the brain forms more memories of new experiences than that of familiar ones. Since fewer new memories are built later in life, time seems to pass more quickly.

The Beginning and End of Time

As far as the universe is concerned, time had a beginning. The starting point was 13.799 billion years ago when the Big Bang occurred. We can measure cosmic background radiation as microwaves from the Big Bang, but there isn’t any radiation with earlier origins. One argument for the origin of time is that if it extended backward infinitely, the night sky would be filled with light from older stars.

Will time end? The answer to this question is unknown. If the universe expands forever, time would continue. If a new Big Bang occurs, our time line would end and a new one would begin. In particle physics experiments, random particles arise from a vacuum, so it doesn’t seem likely the universe would become static or timeless. Only time will tell.

SOURCES

https://www.sciencedaily.com/

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-time-4156799

How Should a Fresher Prepare for a Job Interview? Basic Tip!

As a fresher, when you step outside and have no idea, how to prepare and how to prepare for Interviews, Then this article is for you.

I am 24 years old, working with an NGO, still a fresher, but I have fought a lot to get off-campus placement. So I will tell you some basic steps as a fresher, how you should proceed to prepare for the interviews. I am assuming, you know the basic tips before your job interview

Be Confident

Be confident, you have prepared well and this should show in your confidence level in the interview.

Try to appear your best at the Interview

Your appearance should convey that you have taken the interview seriously.   Do not try to turn up in the interview in a manner that does not suit you.   Some basics in grooming will help.

a.       Well Groomed Hair
b.      Well Pressed Shirt
c.       Polished Shoes

Know about the company/organization

You should learn as much as you can about the company.  A good place to start is the company’s website.  If you have been referred through a friend also have a frank discussion with him or her.  Also, do a google search  on the company to understand what others are saying about the company.

Be prepared with questions for the Interviewer

Most interviewers will give you a chance to ask questions.  Use this opportunity to show your knowledge and interest in the company.  Also this is a good opportunity to clear any doubts that you have.

Address the Interviewer politely

It is always polite to refer to the Interviewer as SIR or Ma’am.  You can also address them their Surname (Mr. XXX or Mrs. XXX).  Do not use terms such as Honey, Girl, Dude, Yaar etc.

Do not be argumentative

Present your viewpoint and be professional.  If you do not agree with something the Interviewer has said do not spurn it as invalid.  Learn to understand their point of view even if it clashed with your own.  This does not mean that you need to accept their point of view.

Answer clearly and directly

Spell out your ideas as clearly as you can.  Also try to substantiate your ideas with examples.  Don’t be overly wordy and try to keep your answers to the point.  Do not try to deviate too much from the question.

Experience is not what happens to a man.
It is what a man does with what happens to him

Aldous Huxley

GO and Get that JOB!  Good Luck!

How to Make a Positive First Impression During a Job Interview

When you’re preparing for an interview, you’re probably thinking about the difficult questions you’ll be asked, the thorough solutions you’ll provide, and the professional-yet-slightly-witty tales you’ll relate. After all, that’s what the interview is all about and what will (hopefully) land you a quick offer letter.But, before you even get a chance to offer those well-thought-out responses, all eyes will be on you, assessing your suitability for the position and the firm. The pressure is on from the moment you walk in the door: you have to make a great first impression.

Check out these eight recommendations before your next interview to ensure you’re presenting yourself in the best light and putting yourself up for the most successful interview possible.

1. Arrive on time

“If you’re early, you’re on time; if you’re on time, you’re late,” you’ve heard a million times. Punctuality should come as second nature, especially when your dream job is on the line. But, no matter how many times you’ve heard it, it bears repeating: arrive on time. Are you running late? Please contact your interviewers as soon as feasible. They’ll appreciate it a lot more than if you come up with a stupid reason after they’ve already waited 30 minutes.

2. Put on the Props

Although your appearance is unlikely to influence the interviewer’s final judgment, it can influence how you’re seen at first. You’ll come across as professional and well-put-together if you arrive in a freshly pressed suit and scuff-free shoes with a portfolio in hand. If, on the other hand, you’re dressed a few notches more casually than the rest of the workplace, juggling your briefcase, purse, umbrella, and stack of resumes, you’re unlikely to radiate the same level of professionalism.

3. Only bring what you absolutely need.

You may need a coffee boost to be ready for your upcoming meeting, but don’t carry your paper cup into the workplace to finish the last few drops. Sure, it may not seem like a big deal after all, who doesn’t drink coffee at work? but you don’t want your first interaction with a potential employer.

4. Put Your Phone in a Safe Place

It’s natural to reach for your phone whenever you have to wait: in line at the grocery store, during commercials, while waiting for your Diet Coke to be dispensed from the vending machine you get the picture. However, if you’re waiting in the lobby, don’t just reach for your phone. Instead, use that time to review your CV and consider what you want to say during the interview.

5.Display your zeal.

Demonstrate your enthusiasm for what you do and what you want to do in your future position. It’s a good idea to tell the interviewer that you enjoy your job and are looking forward to this opportunity.

6.Demonstrate how you’re a good fit for the job.

Facts to back up your passion. It’s not enough to say that you’re qualified for the job. Show the employer why and how you’re qualified by being explicit.

7.Don’t be alarmed.

Even if you’ve done all of the necessary preparation, an unexpected interview question can catch you off guard. Prepare for the worst-case scenario so that you can remain calm in the face of adversity.

8.Tell us a story or two.

Don’t just list your credentials. Instead, utilize your narrative abilities to demonstrate what you’ve accomplished at work. Nothing beats a true story to pique your interviewer’s interest and demonstrate your abilities.

Memetic…..

What are memes? Memes are build up upon pop culture and recent issues, current affairs, memes work as a social commentary. It is an idea, usage, and style or an amusing video or photo captioned with an interesting comment that spreads from person to person in a fraction of seconds through social media platforms. Consideration of memes may vary from person to person and from community to community. Memes were considered as the concept of catchphrases but they somehow evolved into elaborate Structures like gifs, video viral, challenges. Memes are the tiniest thing on the internet which has now become a full-blown cultural phenomenon and are part of our lives in the digital world. It is a free form of entertainment and can influence the way of communicating and interacting with others. Memes are made for the reason to entertain people, viraling a message, or maybe made on purpose.
The social world has gone crazy and sometimes these memes may offend persons a community’s religious and social beliefs. Though meant for fun we have seen instances that let us tear apart in the name of community, religion. What should be done? Whether there should be regulations and restrictions, but again who decides them, who assesses them. We have seen stand-up comedians going to jail for a joke. The meme is something a type of joke or rather a variety of it using the same variant. It lightens up the mood and is relatable to a group of people. The concept of memes has grown so drastically that every person using social media follows the memes. There are various apps for creating personalized memes Indeed memes make a group closer You school mates, college buddies get an opportunity to come closer and laugh over.

This form of joke is new and builds a good sense of humor. But it has to be maintained at the right place and used in the right places to be on a safer side You never know who gets offended on the internet Many of the comedians and celebrities while posting on their social media handles think a lot and when not handled properly they may receive consequences. But at the end of the day, a joke is a joke and it should be taken as a joke.