Dyspraxia is a common neurological or brain-related disorder, which affects movement and coordination. People suffering from Dyspraxia face problems in everything that needs coordination. For example, playing games or learning to drive. It does not affect your intelligence, but it does affect your fine motor skills which can include writing or using small objects.
This disorder affects a person’s capacity to make smooth and easy movements. Sometimes if a baby is born earlier than the normal time, there are more chances of the child developing this disorder. Studies also show that Dyspraxia is more common among men than women.
Symptoms Of Dyspraxia:
Some symptoms of this disorder have been explained on the Nation Health Service (NHS) website of the UK. It can have different effects on different people and keeps changing with time. A person can face many problems due to this disease. Some of them are listed below.
Problem in coordination, balance and movement
Problem in learning a new thing, which includes remembering information
Daily routine issues, like wearing clothes or preparing food
Issues in writing, using keyboard and in holding small items
Social awkwardness or lack of self-confidence and difficulty in dealing with emotions
Bad time management and organizational skills
Some people may also suffer from memory, perception and processing situation
There is no treatment for Dyspraxia but therapy helps people cope with the issues they face in daily life. Occupational therapy is used to find ways to enable a person to be independent and perform daily chores like writing or cooking. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) named talking therapy is used to help people change their way of thinking and behaving and start managing their problems.
Do regular exercise to remain fit and healthy, use laptop or computer in case of problems in writing, use of a calendar, dairy or pp to organize things and thinking positively may help. It is not unusual for a person to be suffering from other issues along with Dyspraxia like ADH, Autism spectrum disorder, childhood apraxia of speech, dyscalculia and dyslexia.
Diagnosis of Dyspraxia:
A diagnosis of dyspraxia can be made by a clinical psychologist, an educational psychologist, a pediatrician, or an occupational therapist Any parent who suspects their child may have dyspraxia should see doctor.
When carrying out an assessment, details will be required regarding the child’s developmental history, intellectual ability, and gross and fine motor skills:
Gross motor skills – how well the child uses large muscles that coordinate body movement, including jumping, throwing, walking, running, and maintaining balance.
Fine motor skills – how well the child can use smaller muscles, including tying shoelaces, doing up buttons, cutting out shapes with a pair of scissors, and writing.
The evaluator will need to know when and how developmental milestones, such as walking, crawling, and speaking were reached. The child will be evaluated for balance, touch sensitivity, and variations on walking activities.
Treatments for dyspraxia:
Although dyspraxia is not curable, with treatment, the individual can improve. However, the earlier a child is diagnosed, the better their prognosis will be. The following specialists most commonly treat people with dyspraxia:
Occupational therapy:
An occupational therapist will evaluate how the child manages with everyday functions both at home and at school. They will then help the child develop skills specific to daily activities which they find difficult.
Speech and language therapy:
The speech-language pathologist will conduct an assessment of the child’s speech, and then implement a treatment plan to help them to communicate more effectively.
Perceptual motor training:
This involves improving the child’s language, visual, movement, and auditory skills. The individual is set a series of tasks that gradually become more advanced – the aim is to challenge the child so that they improve, but not so much that it becomes frustrating or stressful.
Active Play
Experts say the active play any play that involves physical activity –which can be outdoors or inside the home, helps improve motor activity. Play is a way children learn about the environment and about themselves, and particularly for children aged 3-5; it is a crucial part of their learning.
Active play is where a very young child’s physical and emotional learning, their development of language, their special awareness, the development of what their senses are, all come together.The more children are involved in active play, the better they will become at interacting with other children successfully.
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Overclocking is that the action of accelerating a component’s clock rate, running it at a better speed than it absolutely was designed to run. this can be typically applies to the hardware or GPU, however different parts may be overclocked. Increasing a component’s clock rate causes it to perform additional operations per second, however it additionally produces further heat. Overclocking will facilitate squeeze additional performance out of your parts, however they’ll usually would like further cooling and care.
What Is Overclocking?
Your computer’s hardware comes from the mill set to run at a definite most speed. If you run your hardware at that speed with correct cooling, it ought to perform fine while not providing you with any issues. However, you’re usually not restricted to it hardware speed. you’ll increase the CPU’s speed by setting a better clock rate or multiplier factor within the computer’s BIOS, forcing it to perform additional operations per second. This can speed up your hardware and thus speed up your pc if your pc is proscribed by its hardware, however the hardware can turn out further heat. it should become physically broken if you don’t offer further cooling, or it should be unstable and cause your pc to blue-screen or restart.
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Human body, the physical substance of the human organism, composed of living cells and extracellular materials and organized into tissues, organs, and systems.
Human anatomy and physiology are treated in many different articles. For detailed discussions of specific tissues, organs, and systems, see human blood; cardiovascular system; digestive system, human; endocrine system, human; renal system; skin; human muscle system; nervous system; reproductive system, human; respiration, human; sensory reception, human; skeletal system, human. For a description of how the body develops, from conception through old age, see aging; growth; prenatal development; human development.
For detailed coverage of the body’s biochemical constituents, see protein; carbohydrate; lipid; nucleic acid; vitamin; and hormone. For information on the structure and function of the cells that constitute the body, see cell.
Many entries describe the body’s major structures. For example, see abdominal cavity; adrenal gland; aorta; bone; brain; ear; eye; heart; kidney; large intestine; lung; nose; ovary; pancreas; pituitary gland; small intestine; spinal cord; spleen; stomach; testis; thymus; thyroid gland; tooth; uterus; vertebral column.
Humans are, of course, animals—more particularly, members of the order Primates in the subphylum Vertebrata of the phylum Chordata. Like all chordates, the human animal has a bilaterally symmetrical body that is characterized at some point during its development by a dorsal supporting rod (the notochord), gill slits in the region of the pharynx, and a hollow dorsal nerve cord. Of these features, the first two are present only during the embryonic stage in the human; the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column, and the pharyngeal gill slits are lost completely. The dorsal nerve cord is the spinal cord in humans; it remains throughout life.
Characteristic of the vertebrate form, the human body has an internal skeleton that includes a backbone of vertebrae. Typical of mammalian structure, the human body shows such characteristics as hair, mammary glands, and highly developed sense organs.
Beyond these similarities, however, lie some profound differences. Among the mammals, only humans have a predominantly two-legged (bipedal) posture, a fact that has greatly modified the general mammalian body plan. (Even the kangaroo, which hops on two legs when moving rapidly, walks on four legs and uses its tail as a “third leg” when standing.) Moreover, the human brain, particularly the neocortex, is far and away the most highly developed in the animal kingdom. As intelligent as are many other mammals—such as chimpanzees and dolphins—none have achieved the intellectual status of the human species.
Chemical composition of the body
Chemically, the human body consists mainly of water and of organic compounds—i.e., lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Water is found in the extracellular fluids of the body (the blood plasma, the lymph, and the interstitial fluid) and within the cells themselves. It serves as a solvent without which the chemistry of life could not take place. The human body is about 60 percent water by weight.
Lipids—chiefly fats, phospholipids, and steroids—are major structural components of the human body. Fats provide an energy reserve for the body, and fat pads also serve as insulation and shock absorbers. Phospholipids and the steroid compound cholesterol are major components of the membrane that surrounds each cell.
Proteins also serve as a major structural component of the body. Like lipids, proteins are an important constituent of the cell membrane. In addition, such extracellular materials as hair and nails are composed of protein. So also is collagen, the fibrous, elastic material that makes up much of the body’s skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Proteins also perform numerous functional roles in the body. Particularly important are cellular proteins called enzymes, which catalyze the chemical reactions necessary for life.
Carbohydrates are present in the human body largely as fuels, either as simple sugars circulating through the bloodstream or as glycogen, a storage compound found in the liver and the muscles. Small amounts of carbohydrates also occur in cell membranes, but, in contrast to plants and many invertebrate animals, humans have little structural carbohydrate in their bodies.
Nucleic acids make up the genetic materials of the body. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) carries the body’s hereditary master code, the instructions according to which each cell operates. It is DNA, passed from parents to offspring, that dictates the inherited characteristics of each individual human. Ribonucleic acid (RNA), of which there are several types, helps carry out the instructions encoded in the DNA.
Along with water and organic compounds, the body’s constituents include various inorganic minerals. Chief among these are calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, and iron. Calcium and phosphorus, combined as calcium-phosphate crystals, form a large part of the body’s bones. Calcium is also present as ions in the blood and interstitial fluid, as is sodium. Ions of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, on the other hand, are abundant within the intercellular fluid. All of these ions play vital roles in the body’s metabolic processes. Iron is present mainly as part of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying pigment of the red blood cells. Other mineral constituents of the body, found in minute but necessary concentrations, include cobalt, copper, iodine, manganese, and zinc.
Organization of the body
The cell is the basic living unit of the human body—indeed, of all organisms. The human body consists of trillions of cells, each capable of growth, metabolism, response to stimuli, and, with some exceptions, reproduction. Although there are some 200 different types of cells in the body, these can be grouped into four basic classes. These four basic cell types, together with their extracellular materials, form the fundamental tissues of the human body: (1) epithelial tissues, which cover the body’s surface and line the internal organs, body cavities, and passageways; (2) muscle tissues, which are capable of contraction and form the body’s musculature; (3) nerve tissues, which conduct electrical impulses and make up the nervous system; and (4) connective tissues, which are composed of widely spaced cells and large amounts of intercellular matrix and which bind together various body structures. (Bone and blood are considered specialized connective tissues, in which the intercellular matrix is, respectively, hard and liquid.)
The next level of organization in the body is that of the organ. An organ is a group of tissues that constitutes a distinct structural and functional unit. Thus, the heart is an organ composed of all four tissues, whose function is to pump blood throughout the body. Of course, the heart does not function in isolation; it is part of a system composed of blood and blood vessels as well. The highest level of body organization, then, is that of the organ system.
The body includes nine major organ systems, each composed of various organs and tissues that work together as a functional unit. The chief constituents and prime functions of each system are summarized below. (1) The integumentary system, composed of the skin and associated structures, protects the body from invasion by harmful microorganisms and chemicals; it also prevents water loss from the body. (2) The musculoskeletal system (also referred to separately as the muscle system and the skeletal system), composed of the skeletal muscles and bones (with about 206 of the latter in adults), moves the body and protectively houses its internal organs. (3) The respiratory system, composed of the breathing passages, lungs, and muscles of respiration, obtains from the air the oxygen necessary for cellular metabolism; it also returns to the air the carbon dioxide that forms as a waste product of such metabolism. (4) The circulatory system, composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels, circulates a transport fluid throughout the body, providing the cells with a steady supply of oxygen and nutrients and carrying away waste products such as carbon dioxide and toxic nitrogen compounds. (5) The digestive system, composed of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines, breaks down food into usable substances (nutrients), which are then absorbed from the blood or lymph; this system also eliminates the unusable or excess portion of the food as fecal matter. (6) The excretory system, composed of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra, removes toxic nitrogen compounds and other wastes from the blood. (7) The nervous system, composed of the sensory organs, brain, spinal cord, and nerves, transmits, integrates, and analyzes sensory information and carries impulses to effect the appropriate muscular or glandular responses. (8) The endocrine system, composed of the hormone-secreting glands and tissues, provides a chemical communications network for coordinating various body processes. (9) The reproductive system, composed of the male or female sex organs, enables reproduction and thereby ensures the continuation of the species.
Basic form and development
In general structure, the human body follows a plan that can be described as a cylinder enclosing two tubes and a rod. This body plan is most clearly evident in the embryo; by birth, the plan is apparent only in the trunk region—i.e., in the thorax and abdomen.
The body wall forms the cylinder. The two tubes are the ventrally located alimentary canal (i.e., the digestive tract) and the dorsally located neural tube (i.e., the spinal cord). Between the tubes lies the rod—the notochord in the embryo, which becomes the vertebral column prior to birth. (The terms dorsal and ventral refer respectively to the back and the front, or belly, of an animal.)
Within the embryo, the essential body parts are:
(1) the outer enclosing epidermal membrane (in the embryo called ectoderm).
(2) the dorsal neural tube.
(3) the supporting notochord.
(4) the ventral alimentary tube, which becomes the lining of the stomach and intestine (in the embryo called endoderm).
(5) the intermediate mass (in the embryo called mesoderm).
(6) a rather fluid tissue that fills the interspaces, derived from the mesoderm and in the embryo called mesenchyme. Everything in the body derives from one of these six embryonic parts.
The mesoderm constitutes a considerable pad of tissue on each side of the embryo, extending all the way from the back to the front sides of the body wall. It is hollow, for a cleftlike space appears in it on each side. These are the right and left body cavities. In the dorsal part of the body they are temporary; in the ventral part they become permanent, forming the two pleural cavities, which house the lungs; the peritoneal cavity, which contains the abdominal organs; and the pericardial cavity, which encloses the heart. The dorsal part of the mesoderm becomes separated from the ventral mesoderm and divides itself into serial parts like a row of blocks, 31 on each side. These mesodermal segments grow in all directions toward the epidermal membrane. They form bones, muscles, and the deeper, leathery part of the skin. Dorsally they form bony arches protecting the spinal cord, and ventrally the ribs protecting the alimentary canal and heart. Thus they form the body wall and the limbs—much the weightier part of the body. They give the segmental character to the body wall in neck and trunk, and, following their lead, the spinal cord becomes correspondingly segmented. The ventral mesoderm is not so extensive; it remains near the alimentary tube and becomes the continuous muscle layer of the stomach and intestine. It also forms the lining of the body cavities, the smooth, shining, slippery pleura and peritoneum. The mesenchyme forms blood and lymph vessels, the heart, and the loose cells of connective tissues.
The neural tube itself is formed from the ectoderm at a very early stage. Anteriorly (i.e., toward the head) it extends above the open end of the cylinder and is enlarged to form the brain. It is not in immediate contact with the epidermis, for the dorsal mesoderm grows up around it and around the roots of the cranial nerves as a covering, separating the brain from the epidermis. Posteriorly the neural tube terminates in the adult opposite the first lumbar vertebra.
If the cylindrical body wall is followed headward, it is found to terminate ventrally as the tongue, dorsally in the skull around the brain, ears, and eyes. There is a considerable interval between eyes and tongue. This is occupied partly by a deep depression of the epidermis between them, which dips in to join the alimentary tube (lining of the mouth). Posteriorly the ventral body wall joins the dorsal at the tailbone (coccyx), thus terminating the body cavities.
Headward, the alimentary tube extends up in front of the notochord and projects above the upper part of the body wall (tongue) and in front of and below the brain to join the epidermal depression. From the epidermal depression are formed the teeth and most of the mouth lining; from the upper end of the alimentary canal are formed the pharynx, larynx, trachea, and lungs. The alimentary canal at its tail end splits longitudinally into two tubes—an anterior and a posterior. The anterior tube becomes the bladder, urethra, and, in the female, the lining of the vagina, where it joins a depression of the ectoderm. The posterior (dorsal) tube becomes the rectum and ends just in front of the coccyx by joining another ectodermal depression (the anus).
Machines are man-made so humans and machines work differently. Machines were created to make human life easier. A single gadget engine consists of different components. Some people believe that AI works better than the human brain when it has AI vs human brain. As time goes on people keep running the machines. People had to work together because communication through electronics was not possible. We are happy to accurately evaluate and solve our problems with people.
Man vs machine Machines are the creation of mankind Humans were created from flesh and blood, and they have life. Individuals have feelings and emotions, expressing different emotions at different times. Machines operate from their own man-made mechanical brain. People understand things and respond appropriately and therefore have no understanding of machines.
People are older and self-centered people. They create and invent new things but machines cannot do this kind of work because they use AI. Machines work and are man-made. People are blessed with ingenuity and emotion, but machines have AI. Humans have different abilities such as language, pattern recognition and artistic thinking.
Impact of technology on human health Machinery and technology replace many workloads and this is often the biggest reason for lack of jobs and hence the backlog of kits. As people are replaced by machines, some jobs are also done. Industrial change also led to unemployment and, as a result, the loss of middle-class talent in various fields.
Other effects of the machine on humans are efficiency, war and destruction.
Environmental pollution has increased due to increasing vehicle consumption. The impact of technology on our environment is complex and we are dealing with severe global climate change such as warming that can lead to many diseases in humans. Machines are facing the extinction of many bird, plant and animal species due to global climate change.
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