According to the Union Health Ministry, India’s COVID-19 immunisation coverage has reached 166.59 crore people, with over 53 lakh vaccine doses distributed on Monday. The daily vaccine number is expected to rise as the last reports for the day are compiled late at night, it added.
Since the commencement of phase three of the vaccination push, 54,11,58,635 first doses have been given to those aged 18 to 44, and 40,58,44,481 have received the second dose in the same age range, according to Health Ministry data. 4,65,47,420 first doses and 3,35,552 second doses have been delivered to people aged 15 to 18. So far, 1,24,29,876 precautionary doses have been given to the indicated categories of recipients.
The vaccination programme as a measure to protect the country’s most vulnerable populations from COVID-19 is still being assessed and monitored at the highest level, according to the ministry.
Unemployment in India is always a serious issue particularly in rural India as the scope is limited in rural areas. So launching of Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETIs) by the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) of the Government of India is a praiseworthy step. MoRD was impressed by the Rural Development and Self Employment Training Institute (RUDSETI) model which was established in the year 1982 at Dharmasthala, Karnataka by Dr D Veerendra Heggade jointly with Syndicate Bank and Canara Bank. MoRD in 2009 advised all the banks to establish one RUDSETI type institute in all their Lead Districts under the banner of Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETIs) (www.nacer.in/index_more.html). It is pertinent to mention that RSETIs identify, orient, train and assist rural youth to take up self-employment as a source of livelihood. The youths in the age group of 18-45 years, irrespective of caste, creed or religion are eligible to undergo training at RSETI, which is free of cost. RSETI has been doing a commendable job in training and settlement of rural youths. The total number of training programmes organised from inception to 31 March 2020 was 1,26,556 where the number of youth trained was 35,00,770 during the same period and 24,41,083 (69.73%) youths were settled. Further, the number of functional RSETIs was 585 where altogether 29 banks weresponsored (www.nacer.in/performance_glance.html). Each RSETI offers skill development programmes in a financial year in various avenues and in each batch 25-30 youths are selected for training. The programmes are of short duration ranging from 1 to 6 weeks. And to get a general idea few trades are mentioned below: • Agricultural Programmes – agriculture and allied activities like dairy, poultry, apiculture, horticulture, sericulture, mushroom cultivation, floriculture, fisheries, etc • Product Programme – dress designing for men and women, rexine articles, incense sticks manufacturing, football making, bag, bakery products, leaf cup making, recycled paper manufacturing, etc. • Process Programmes – two wheeler repairs, radio/TV repairs, motor rewinding, electrical transformer repairs, irrigation pump-set repairs, tractor and power tiller repairs, cell phone repairs, beautician course, photography and videography, screen printing, domestic electrical appliances repair, computer hardware and DTP. • General Programmes – skill development for women • Other Programmes – related to other sectors like leather, construction, hospitality and any other sector depending on local requirements. The author time to time studied many youths who were undergoing training and also collected data after training that were settled and found earning was substantial. Few names as evidence can be mentioned here: a) Adapa Kalpana (female) , Dharanikota village of Amaravathi Mandal, Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh ( year of study in 2016), b) Ashok Kumar ( Male/year of study July 2018), Hajpurwa village of Warisnagar block, Samastipur district of Bihar, c) Arati Mishra (female/ year of study July 2018) Nirpur village, Samastipur block, Samastipur district d) In 2017, the author studied some youths of Amritsar district, Punjab. The youths were Jasbir Kaur (female), Harjit Kaur (female), Mandip Kaur (female), Navneet Kaur e) In 2019 the author studied by visiting RSETI at Aurangabad district of Maharashtra. Names of some of the youths are Chhaya Bhalerao (female), Kalpana Jagannath Surase (female), Umesh Bhanudas Dhepe (male), f) In Darrang district of Assam names of some of the youths who were contacted in 2018 are Mousami Saikia Gogoi (female), Poly Seal (female), Mira Medhi, (female), Sabita Koch (female) and many others. In addition, the author visited many RSETIs and cases collected about the youths trained and post-training settlement and earning of income. and found training and post-training settlement was praiseworthy. It is suggested that wherever feasible RSETI may be started at the sub-division level.
The degradation of the earth’s land surfaces, both above and below ground level, is referred to as land pollution.
Land pollution occurs when trash, compost, and other toxins are dumped on the land, contaminating or polluting it. Land pollution is caused by human activities such as littering and waste washed ashore from boats, oil rigs, and sewage treatment plants.
The accumulation of solid and liquid waste products, which contaminate groundwater and soil, is the cause. The greater the permeability of the soil, the greater the risk of land contamination.
THE MAIN CAUSES OF LAND POLLUTION:
Litter
Littering, the improper disposal of waste products, is unfortunately common. Every cigarette butt tossed on the ground or food wrapper tossed out of a car window is a small contribution to a monumental issue. According to Keep America Beautiful, 76% of litter found on roadways is from pedestrians and motorists. Not all litter, however, is intentional. A large volume of litter also comes from unsecured items that fall off the back of vehicles or out of trash receptacles.
All litter, whether intentional or not, causes pollution by releasing chemicals and microparticles as it degrades. Check out our blog post on littering to learn more about the effects of littering and how to reduce it in your community.
Urbanization and Construction
While urbanization is not in itself littering, large quantities of people living, producing trash and littering in a dense area does inevitably lead to land pollution. To accommodate this increased population, construction activities also occur, which result in large waste materials, such as metal, plastic, wood, and bricks. When these materials are not properly disposed of, it contributes to the land pollution of that area.
To help reduce the environmental impact of construction sites, it’s important to work with partners that offer comprehensive builder solutions to achieve cost-effective construction recycling and waste disposal plans.
Mining
Mining is the extraction of minerals and other geological materials from the ground, which are then used for a wide range of purposes, including but not limited to, producing gasoline for automobiles, generating electricity, and selling materials such as gold and silver. This extraction and the methods used, however, deplete the earth of its natural resources and cause damage and pollution in its wake. That’s why finding alternatives for energy (think solar and wind power) that aren’t mined from the earth’s surface are so vital in helping to reduce land pollution moving forward.
Agriculture
Agriculture is foundational for both everyday life, as well as the economy as a whole. It also, however, can have profound effects on the planet. Agricultural pollution occurs when contamination created as a by-product of raising livestock and growing food crops is released into the environment, and the contamination is vast.
EFFECTS OF LAND POLLUTION :
Land pollution touches essentially every area of the living world, including:
Water that isn’t safe to drink.
Polluted soil, which leads to a loss of fertile land for agriculture.
Climate change, which causes an onslaught of disastrous problems, including flash floods and irregular rainfalls .
The endangerment and extinction of species in wildlife.
Habitat shifting, where some animals are forced to flee where they live in order to survive.
An increase in wildfires, due to polluted areas often becoming very dry
Increased air pollution, which burning waste contributes to.
The presence of materials in the air in such a concentration, which are harmful to man and the environment is called air pollution.
About 1×10^12 tons of emission enter air annually, of which 5×10^8 tons are emitted by man and the remaining by natural air pollution. Many pollutants do not rise above 600 meters of earth’s surface or they are diluted. So, air pollution affects locally than globally. All living organisms inhale a large quantity of air. An average human being breaths 22,000 times a day, inhaling 16kg of oxygen. About 98% of the total air pollution is accounted by the following pollutants globally. CO-52%, SO2-18%, Hydro carbons-12%, Particulars-10% and oxides of Nitrogen-6%. These pollutants are derived from natural sources and human activity. The surface of our planet consists of 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.03% CO2, water vapours and other gases. In addition, to these gases, particular matter such as pollen grains , dust algae, bacteria and spores of fungi causing different odours, vapours and fumes prevail in the air. Some of the substances are harmful to living organisms. The atmosphere is being continuously polluted with harmful materials by the activity of man.
TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION:
There are two basic types of pollutants in the air. They are known as primary pollutants and secondary pollutants.
Primary pollutants enter the air directly. Some are released by natural processes, like ash from volcanoes. Most are released by human activities. Carbon oxides are released when fossil fuels burn. Nitrogen oxides form when nitrogen and oxygen combine at high temperatures. This occurs in hot exhausts from vehicles, factories, and power plants. Sulfur oxides are produced when sulfur and oxygen combine. This happens when coal that contains sulfur burns. Toxic heavy metals include mercury and lead. Mercury comes from smokestacks. Both metals have industrial uses. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are carbon compounds, such as methane. VOCs are released by many human activities. Raising livestock, for example, produces a lot of methane. Particulates are solid particles. These particles may be ash, dust, or even animal wastes. Many are released when fossil fuels burn. Secondary pollutants form from primary pollutants. Many occur as part of photochemical smog. This type of smog is seen as a brown haze in the air. Photochemical smog forms when certain pollutants have a chemical reaction in the presence of sunlight. Photochemical smog consists mainly of ozone (O3). Ozone near the ground is a pollutant (Figure below). This ozone is harmful to humans and other living things. However, ozone in the stratosphere protects Earth from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation.
SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION:
“Most air pollution comes from energy use and production,” says John Walke, director of the Clean Air Project, part of the Climate and Clean Energy program at NRDC. “Burning fossil fuels releases gases and chemicals into the air.” And in an especially destructive feedback loop, air pollution not only contributes to climate change but is also exacerbated by it. “Air pollution in the form of carbon dioxide and methane raises the earth’s temperature,” Walke says. “Another type of air pollution, smog, is then worsened by that increased heat, forming when the weather is warmer and there’s more ultraviolet radiation.” Climate change also increases the production of allergenic air pollutants, including mold (thanks to damp conditions caused by extreme weather and increased flooding) and pollen (due to a longer pollen season).
So what kind of relationship do you have with yourself? How do you treat yourself? Society has always given importance to relationships, but we are never enlightened about the relationship that we must have with ourselves. Hey, you are a loser! No, you can’t do it! You are dreadful! Visualize someone saying this to you. How will you feel? Hostile! And when you say them to yourself then…? Yes, you can have a toxic relationship with yourself.
Signs of a toxic relationship:- 1. YOU UNDERESTIMATE YOURSELF A LOT! I know many incidents might have happened in your life that pushed you back to underestimate your worth. 2. YOU DON’T ENJOY IT! When it’s time to have fun, then thoughts of your failure trigger you. 3. BRUTAL TO YOURSELF! Ok, so some of the past happenings where you faced criticzm can turn you to a cruel person towards yourself. If a person was sexually abused in his/her childhood and only that person knows about it, he/she has never communicated about that with anyone then imagine what he/she may be going through? That experience can turn him/her into a cruel person. But the truth is that no one will understand the reason for that kind of behaviour. So, there may be many occurrences that happen in your life that you don’t disclose to others, these turn you to behave in a certain way. I believe that an individual’s behaviour is framed by the kind of incidents that happen in his\her life but no one will judge you on that basis.
What to do then? JUST EXPRESS YOUR FEELINGS Never suppress your feelings. Share your feelings with someone whom you think will understand you. But most of us don’t feel comfortable articulating our feelings. So just write down whatever you are feeling. Just write down those failures, those past experiences. Start writing journal. Trust me, you will start feeling better. LIST ALL YOUR ACHIEVEMENTS Next, you can do is list down all the achievements. Ok, so now most of you may think, what achievements are you talking about? We haven’t achieved anything great. Even making your bed, getting a good score, cooking a meal for yourself, these all are small achievements and when you start counting them, you will start feeling good about yourself.
There may be situations when you are around toxic people who are turning you toxic as well, then just remember that no one is going to come to take you out from that situation. Believe it or not, it’s a fact that no one is going to believe you till you achieve something, for achieving something in life you have to believe in yourself. No matter how much your inner self reminds you of your past experiences, your failures, embarrassments, you have to push yourself away from all these, just work on yourself, JUST START, eventually, you will develop that confidence that will make you believe in yourself. Only you can take care of your mental health, don’t destroy it because of negative self-talk. Pretend to be the happiest in your worst phase of life till now, it may sound weird but I have tried this and it worked out very well for me. Initially, you will find it difficult and when you will start pretending then eventually you will be really happy. When life gives you lemons, why only make lemonade, make whatever you think will be the best for you! 🙂
Biodiversity is very essential for the health of the biosphere and it provides the raw materials for man to make him adapt to the changing environment. Man derives many direct and indirect benefits from living things. Biodiversity provides ecological services also. The uses of Biodiversity are as follows.
1. Consumptive use value:
It includes food, medicine, fuel, fiber, timber, clothing, etc. 80,000 Species are edible wild plant species. 90% of the crops have been domesticated from wild tropical plants. Many wild animals were also sources of food (now it is banned). 75% of the world’s population depends upon plants for medicine. For instance, penicillin from a fungus namely Penicillium, quinine from a plant namely, cinchonas, tetracycline from a bacterium, and cancer-causing drugs like vinblastine and vincristine from a plant namely, Catharanthus roseus (Nithyakalyani) are obtained.
2. Productive Use Value:
The products are commercially usable. The wild gene resources are traded to introduce desirable traits in the crops and domesticated animals. Productive uses of biological resources are fuel, timber, musk, tusk, ivory, honey, fiber, gums, resins, medicines, silk, wool, etc. Though there is a ban on trade in products of endangered species, illegal smuggling does take place.
3. Social Value:
Biodiversity in India is related to our religious, cultural, and spiritual uses. Many plants like Tulsi, Pipal, Hibiscus, and Datura are considered to be sacred. Peacock, cow, snake, bull, and owl have a place in our spiritual arena.
4. Ethical Value:
We must protect every life. It is based on the concept ‘Live and let live’. we must enjoy watching all animals -Kangaroo, Giraffe, Zebra, etc., though they are not useful to us directly. We should not cage birds for our pleasure and pastime.
5. Aesthetic Value:
Biodiversity provides us with a good deal of fun and recreation. This type of tourism is known as ecotourism which generates 12billion dollars as income per year. If we have a lion in a zoo we get about Rs.2 crores as income per year. But if we kill the lion we get only Rs. 50,000\-. A teak tree fetches Rs.50,000\- if cut down; But if it lives, its value is priceless by way of its ecological role.
6. Option Values or Unknown Benefits :
We must try to explore the potential of Biodiversity for the future benefit of mankind. We must protect the biodiversity to find out drugs to fight diseases like cancer and AIDS.
BIODIVERSITY AT GLOBAL LEVEL:
According to Erwin(1982), 5 to 30 million species of the world are yet to be described and are living in tropical forests. So far only 1.7 million species have been described. These include green plants and fungi (3lakhs), insects (8lakhs), vertebrates (40,000), and microorganisms (3.6 lakhs).
Proportion of all the living organisms in the world.
1. 20,000 to 30,000 taxonomists all over the world do serious research and describe name, and classify plants every year.
2. 20,000 species are being discovered and named every year. There are about 2.5lakhs species of plants described so far.
3. The continental drift is a main reason for the increasing diversity.
4. In tropical forests, about 1,25,000 species of flowering plants are considered to be in existence.
Forest ecology is the scientific study of the interrelated patterns, processes, flora, fauna, and ecosystems in forests. A forest ecosystem comprises soil, trees, insects, animals, birds, and man as its interacting units. It is a large and complex ecosystem. It also plays a significant role in controlling the water cycle, stabilizing soils, leveling the climate, and providing a habitat for wildlife. The forest ecosystem is dominated by trees. Forests are natural plant communities. They are found in regions where there is moderate to high rainfall. They are the climax communities occupying 19% of the total land area in India. There are different types of forests depending upon the climate. They are as follows:
1.Tropical Rain Forests: They are evergreen forests found occurring near the equator. They get high temperatures, high humidity, and heavy rainfall. These forests are famous for the richest biodiversity. There are three layers, namely the topmost layer of tallest trees, (e.g., Lianes and orchids), Shrub layer(many shrubs), and ground layer (herbs) eg., The Silent Valley in Kerala.
2.Tropical Deciduous Forests: They are found a little away from the equator. There is a warm climate throughout the year. Monsoon rainfall occurs during the monsoon seasons. Since drought prevails in the forest during most of the year, the leaves fall during the dry season. In India, the tropical deciduous forests are found in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and some parts of Maharashtra.
3. Tropical Scrub Forests: The tropical scrub forest is a biome that makes up the arid land. This type of biome consists of desert region and areas of low-lying regions, there are dense bushes which are growing over these places. … The plants and animals of the tropical scrub forest have to adapt and flourish in this type of harsh environment.The Deccan thorn scrub forests are a xeric shrubland ecoregion of south India and northern Sri Lanka.
4. Temperate Rain Forests: They occur in areas where there is adequate rainfall. Coniferous trees like firs, redwoods, and pines dominate these forests. There are also evergreen trees, with broad leaves. Temperate forests are mainly found in the regions of high altitudes and in maximum rainfall areas. They are found mostly in the north and northeastern states of India and consist of tall trees.
5. Temperate Deciduous Forests: Temperate deciduous or temperate broad-leaf forests are a variety of forests forests ‘dominated’ by trees that lose their leaves each year. They are found in areas with warm moist summers and cool winters. Temperate forests found between an altitude of 1,000 and 2,000 m. In the higher hill ranges of northeastern India; for example, hilly areas of West Bengal and Uttaranchal, evergreen broad leaf trees such as oak and chestnut are predominant.
6. Evergreen Coniferous Forests (or) Boreal Forests: A forest that grows in regions of the northern hemisphere with cold temperatures. Made up mostly of cold-tolerant coniferous species such as spruce and fir. The Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests in temperate coniferous forests ecoregion that is found in the middle and upper elevations of the eastern Middle Himalayas, in western Nepal, Bhutan, and northern Indian states including Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim.
Solar Energy is the energy obtained from the sun. The sun gives out a vast amount of light and heat. It is only a little less than half (47%) of solar energy which falls on the atmosphere reaches the earth’s surface. If we could use just a small part of this energy it would fulfill all the country’s need for power. Solar Energy has advantages and also certain limitations.
SOLAR ENERGY DEVICES:
The energy from the sun can be harnessed to provide power. The various devices used for harnessing the sun’s energy are called solar energy devices.
SOLAR CELLS:
Solar cells ( Photovoltaic devices) are made up of silicon that converts sunlight directly into electricity. The solar cell produces electricity without polluting the environment. Since it uses no fuel other than sunlight, no harmful gases, no burning, and no wastes are produced. These can be installed in remote and inaccessible areas ( forests and hilly regions) were setting up of power plant is expensive.
Uses of Solar Cells:
• It can be used for street lightning, traffic signals, water pumping, battery charging system etc.
• It is used in artificial satellites and space probes.
• It provides radio and TV transmission to remote areas.
• It is used in calculators, electronic toys, and watches.
SOLAR PANEL:
Arrangement of many solar cells side by side connected to each other is called a Solar panel. The capacity to provide electric current is much increased in the solar panel. But the process of manufacture is very expensive. Installation of solar panels in homes helps in combating the harmful emissions of greenhouse gases and thus helps reduce global warming. Solar panels do not lead to any form of pollution and are clean. They also decrease our reliance on fossil fuels (which are limited) and traditional power sources. These days, solar panels are used in wide-ranging electronic equipments like calculators, which work as long as sunlight is available.However, the only major drawback of solar panels is that they are quite costly. Also, solar panels are installed outdoors as they need sunlight to get charged.
SOLAR COOKER :
It consists of an insulated metal box or wooden box which is painted from inside to absorb maximum solar radiation. A thick glass sheet forms the cover over the box. The reflector is the plane mirror that is attached to the box. The food is cooked by energy radiated by the sun .A solar cooker, or solar oven, is a device which uses the energy of sunlight to heat food or drink to cook it or sterilize it. High-tech versions, for example electric ovens powered by solar cells, are possible, and have some advantages such as being able to work in diffuse light.
SOLAR THERMAL PLANT:
Solar thermal power plants are electricity generation plants that utilize energy from the Sun to heat a fluid to a high temperature. This fluid then transfers its heat to water, which then becomes superheated steam. This steam is then used to turn turbines in a power plant, and this mechanical energy is converted into electricity by a generator. This type of generation is essentially the same as electricity generation that uses fossil fuels but instead heats steam using sunlight instead of combustion of fossil fuels. These systems use solar collectors to concentrate the Sun’s rays at one point to achieve appropriately high temperatures.
Advantages of Solar Energy:
• It is available in abundance in India and is free of cost.
• It is a renewable source of energy.
• It can be used for generating electricity or heat.
A Youth Culture was emerging with a set of values that was frowned upon by the previous generation. There was a revolution in fashion, music, literature, and the arts. The sudden development of mass communication helped create and sustain this youth culture. This youth culture spread all over Europe and USA. Miniskirts and kaftans made their appearance on the streets of London and San Francisco. This was the time when two singing groups, TheBeatles and The Rolling Stones, gained worldwide popularity. The new kind of music was symbolic of young people’s rejection of parental values. The reality of change was to be perceived in every aspect of life-in fashion, in a new frankness in conversation, and print. All these were summed up under the label ‘permissiveness’. Sexual and social taboos eroded with the introduction of contraceptive pills and recreational drugs. The values of this youth culture exercised sway over half the globe as the Swinging Sixties wore on.
MAJOR EVENTS:
In the sixties, the major cities of the world were undergoing the most dramatic transformation. Bulldozers could be seen everywhere n old buildings; and in their place, mighty skyscrapers mushroomed. The higher the skyscrapers rose, the higher seemed the people’s hope for the future. The landscape seemed to be changing faster than at any time earlier in history. In the name of welfare and development, low-cost housing was introduced. Urban motorways and hideous high-rise flats, which were becoming increasingly common, destroyed the environment. Historically, it was an important decade, witnessing the death of three great world leaders-John F Kennedy, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Martin Luther King. The Cold War was becoming more and more serious as the conflicts between the USA and the USSR increased. Tension prevailed throughout 1962 in the newly – divided city of Berlin. The Berlin Wall symbolized the East-west confrontation. Mankind reached the very pinnacle of technological advancement when Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon in 1969. Another major milestone in human history was passed when Dr. Christian Barnard performed the first-ever human heart transplant operation.
DEVELOPMENT IN LITERATURE:
In the world of literature, a new type of drama called ‘Kitchen Sink Drama’ became popular. This type of drama focused very realistically on domestic life, family quarrels, marriage, and other matters about the ordinary courageous way of life. Another type of drama called ‘absurd drama’ was also enjoying its heyday. Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot and Edward Albee’s who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? was seen by a large number of people. Tom Stoppard’s Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead was a well-known play that was written in a similar style. In America, Joseph Heller’s novel catch-22 was published in 1961 and Norman Mailer’s an American Dream in 1965. It was the decade in which the all-time favorites Dr. Zhivago and BarbaraStreisand’s funny girl were screened. Looking back, the sixties was a crucial period in the history of not only Great Britain, but of the whole world. Tremendous changes were taking place all over the globe.
The Sixties of England was a decade of tremendous change in international, social, and cultural affairs. It was a decade in which man walked on the moon and the first-ever human heart transplant was carried out. Human life seemed to reach the very pinnacle of civilization. After a long time, England emerged into a period of remarkable stability and prosperity. The two world wars had caused havoc in Great Britain. The forties and fifties witnessed a crippled country slowly limping back to health. After facing so many trials, the people of Britain were finding life easier in the sixties. The society of the late sixties was relatively freewheeling and differed remarkably from the strait-leaded and traditionalist society of the forties and fifties.
What is the Political,Social and Economic life in 1960s of England?
In 1964, Harold Wilson became the Prime Minister, ending thirteen years of conservative rule. The new Prime Minister promised a ‘classes dynamic New Britain’. The Labour Party remained in power till 1970. Trade unions were becoming quite active in the sixties and would dominate politics in the seventies.
The sixties witnessed a new attitude towards class. One cannot call the decade’s society completely ‘classless’, but the differences between the upper and lower classes were beginning to become almost indistinguishable. The working class enjoyed increased spending power in a way that it had never done before. This was due to their high wages. Back in 1951, the average weekly earnings of men over twenty-one were £8.20; by 1968, the figure had jumped to £23 per week. Though there was an increase in the price of food and other necessities, the cost of small cars, television sets, and washing machines was much lower. By 1961, nearly 75 percent of homes in Great Britain had television sets. Next in popularity were refrigerators and washing machines.
A new kind of social divide was emerging in the sixties. Until1950, America was the preferred new home for migrant west Indians. But in 1952, the USA banned West Indian immigration. As a result, they turned to Britain. The new immigrants settled in the poor sections of London. Violent race riots broke out between the local whites and the West Indian Immigrants.
What is the education system of 1960s of England?
An important aspect of the liberation of the 1960s was the major progress in the sphere of higher education. Colleges devoted to the study of art and design were founded. Teacher Training colleges were upgraded and their importance was recognized. Certain colleges of higher technology became full universities, and new universities, such as the universities of Sussex, York, and Kent, were created. Primary Schools also underwent a metamorphosis. The primary school curriculum, which was under the shadow of Victorian values, was made more flexible and enjoyable. For a long time, the main focus of primary education was teaching the three R’s (‘reading,[w]riting and [a]rithmetic’) to little children. In 1964, the Schools Council for Curriculum and Examinations was set up. It was this council that brought about several innovations to make primary education imaginative and imaginable.
When companies need written material, they typically use either a copywriter or a content writer. These types of writers specialize in creating marketing content for business. Understanding the difference between the two roles can help your company decide which one they need for your written content.
WHAT IS COPYWRITING?
Copywriting is the creation of text for the advertisement or marketing of one specific company. It aim to raise brand awareness and persuade an audience to take a particular action, such as purchase an item. To do this, copywriters make their content interesting and memorable. Copywriting highlighting a product’s features by structuring it in the best possible perspective through brainstorming creative ideas. Some forms of copywriting include brochures, billboards, email campaigns, taglines, magazine advertisements, press releases, etc. The common job responsibilities of a copywriter is writing copy to follow the brand’s voice and style, collaborating with public relations team and other professionals on marketing projects, editing and proofreading copy to ensure accuracy and speaking with stakeholders to determine their content needs and requirements.
WHAT IS CONTENT WRITING?
Content writing is the production of written materials to inform reader. These professionals strive to generate web traffic, using search engine optimization(SEO). Content writer also try to increase customer engagement with persuasive language and relevant content. They generate specialized materials for websites and other digital medium. During the process, content writers often research their topics to provide necessary facts for readers to understand topics fully and provide credibility. Some forms of content writing include blogs, newspaper articles, webpages, email newsletters, magazine feature, etc. The common job responsibility of a content writer is conducting research on industry related topics to create content, editing and proofreading content to improve readability for viewers, researching keywords and using SEO practices to improve web traffic to the company’s website, generating interesting headlines to attract readers and completing projects within designated deadlines. We can see Schreib es Mir is a good example of copywriting in the German language.
OVERALL GOAL- A copywriter creates content to persuade their readers, whereas a content writer produces content to inform their readers. Since copywriters are trying to sell a product or service, their copy ends with a call to action. Content writers have a more subtle goal of encouraging brand loyalty through writing articles that educate and entertain.
LENGTH OF CONTENT- Typically, a copywriter writes short form copy and a content writers long form. Copywriters keep their text brief to engage their readers. However, content writers often write more in depth explaining a process or topic.
ROLE WITHIN A COMPANY- A copywriter is a professional whose primary job is to create copy. Content writer often have other roles beyond writing. They may be an author, blogger, executive, software engineer or other individuals.
TONE OF WRITING- Copywriters use a conversational tone when speaking to their viewers. Because content writers are more informative, their tone is often more formal.
DEADLINES- Copywriters work on strict deadlines to meet their client’s requests. Since copywriters write longer content, their deadlines are usually more flexible to allow time for research.
WORK ENVIRONMENT- Copywriters typically work for an advertising agency marketing for a company. Content writers work for a variety of companies from various industries. copywriters often work directly with a company, whereas content writers work through a third party.
SKILLS FOR COPYWRITING-
Copywriters work for a variety of sectors, making it helpful to have experience writing for different fields, such as healthcare or technology.
To attract users, copywriters are empathetic in their writing to make their audience feel good.
Since copywriters work closely with marketing teams, it’s helpful for them to be a team player and work well with others.
SKILLS FOR CONTENT WRITING-
Since content writers are trying to generate traffic to a business’s website, they use SEO and keywords to direct users.
To generate informative copy, content writers conduct research from other sources to back up their claims and facts.
In order to attract readers, content writers produce captivating headlines that make viewers want to read their articles.
Overview and Early Life Milkha Singh, a legend in the history of Sports and Athletics was an Indian track and field sprinter born on 20th November, 1929. He was born in a Sikh family in Govindpura, a village 10 km from Muzaffargarh city in Punjab Province. He had 14 other siblings, eight of them died during the partition of India. Milkha was orphaned during the partition, when his parents were killed by a Muslim mobs in violence. He witnessed the killings. After seeing the deadly situation in Punjab, he decided to escape and came to Delhi, India in 1947 and lived with the family of his married sister for a short period of time. He was imprisoned in Tihar Jail for travelling in Train without ticket. His sister, Ishvar helped him in getting released. He spent his further some time at Refugee Camp , at Purana Quila and at a resettlement colony in Shahdara, both in Delhi. Milkha was discontented with his life and decided to become a dacoit, but was instead persuaded by his brother, Malkhan, to attempt to the recruitment to the Indian Army. He successfully gained entrance on his fourth attempt, in 1951, and while stationed at the Electrical Mechanical Engineering Centre in Secunderbad he was introduced to athletics. He had run the 10 km distance to and from school as a child and was selected by the army for special training in athletics after finishing sixth in a compulsory cross-country run for new recruits. Singh has acknowledged how the army introduced him to sport, saying that “I came from a remote village, I didn’t know what running was, or the Olympics”. International Career He was introduced to athletics and sports when he was recruited in Indian Army, at the Electrical Mechanical Engineering Centre in Secundarbad. He represented India in the 200 and 400 m competitions held in Olympics at Melbourne in 1956. In 1958, Singh set records for the 200m and 400m in the National Games of India, held at Cuttack, and also won gold medals in the same events at the Asian Games. He then won a gold medal in the 400m
(440 yards at this time) competition at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games with a time of 46.6 seconds. This latter achievement made him the first gold medalist at the Commonwealth Games from independent India. Before Vikas Gowda won the gold in 2014, Milkha was the only Indian male to have won an individual athletics gold medal at those Games. Jawaharlal Nehru tried to convince Milkha Singh to set aside his memories of his past during the Partition era, to focus on the to race successfully in 1960 against Abdul Khaliq in Pakistan, where a post-race comment by the then General Ayub Khan led to him acquiring the nickname of The Flying Sikh. At the 1962 Asian Games, held in Jakarta, Singh won gold in the 400m and in the 4 x 400m relay. He attended the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, where he was entered to compete in the 400m, the 4 x 100m relay and the 4 x 400m relay. He did not take part in either the 400m or the 4 x 100m relay and the Indian team of Milkha Singh, Makhan Singh, Amrit Pal and Ajmer Singh were eliminated when they finished fourth in the heat stages of the 4 x 400m. There have been claims that Singh won 77 of his 80 races, but these are spurious. The number of races in which he participated is not verified, nor is the number of victories, but he lost a 400m race at the 1964 National Games in Calcutta to Makhan Singh and he did not finish first in any of his four races at the 1960 Olympic Games or the aforementioned qualification races at the 1956 Olympics. Singh’s time in the 1960 Olympics 400m final, which was run on a cinder track, set a national record that stood until 1998 when Paramjit Singh exceeded it on a synthetic track and with fully automatic timing that recorded 45.70 seconds. Although Singh’s Olympic result of 45.6 seconds had been hand-timed, an electronic system at those Games had determined his record to be 45.73. Later Life Milkha was promoted from the rank of sepoy to junior commissioned officer in recognition of his successes in the 1958 Asian Games. He
subsequently became Director of Sports in Punjab Ministry of Education, a post he retired from in 1998. Milkha was awarded the Padma Shri, India’s fourth-highest civilian award, following his success in 1958. In 2001, he turned down an offer of the Arjuna Award from the Indian government, arguing that it was intended to recognize young sports people and not those such as him. He also thought that the Award was being inappropriately given to people who had little notable involvement as active sports people at all. He said that “I have been clubbed with sportspersons who are nowhere near the level that I had achieved” and that the award had become devalued. While sharing his wealth of experience in a college in Goa on 25 August 2014, he also said, “The awards nowadays are distributed like ‘prasad’ in a temple. Why should one be honored when he or she has not achieved the benchmark for the award? I rejected the Arjuna I was offered after I received the Padma Shri. It was like being offered an SSC [secondary school] certificate after securing a Masters degree.” All of Singh’s medals have been donated to the nation. They were displayed at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in New Delhi and later moved to a sports museum in Patiala, where a pair of running shoes that he wore in Rome are also displayed. In 2012, he donated the Adidas shoes that he had worn in the 1960 400m final to be sold in a charity auction organized by actor Rahul Bose. Milkha was admitted to the intensive care unit at Fortis Hospital in Mohali on 24 May 2021 with pneumonia caused by COVID-19. His condition was, for a while, described as stable, but he died on 18 June 2021 at 11:30 PM IST. His wife, Nirmal Kaur, had died a few days earlier on 13 June 2021, also due to COVID-19.
3 / 3subsequently became Director of Sports in Punjab Ministry of Education, a post he retired from in 1998. Milkha was awarded the Padma Shri, India’s fourth-highest civilian award, following his success in 1958. In 2001, he turned down an offer of the Arjuna Award from the Indian government, arguing that it was intended to recognize young sports people and not those such as him. He also thought that the Award was being inappropriately given to people who had little notable involvement as active sports people at all. He said that “I have been clubbed with sportspersons who are nowhere near the level that I had achieved” and that the award had become devalued. While sharing his wealth of experience in a college in Goa on 25 August 2014, he also said, “The awards nowadays are distributed like ‘prasad’ in a temple. Why should one be honored when he or she has not achieved the benchmark for the award? I rejected the Arjuna I was offered after I received the Padma Shri. It was like being offered an SSC [secondary school] certificate after securing a Masters degree.” All of Singh’s medals have been donated to the nation. They were displayed at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in New Delhi and later moved to a sports museum in Patiala, where a pair of running shoes that he wore in Rome are also displayed. In 2012, he donated the Adidas shoes that he had worn in the 1960 400m final to be sold in a charity auction organized by actor Rahul Bose. Milkha was admitted to the intensive care unit at Fortis Hospital in Mohali on 24 May 2021 with pneumonia caused by COVID-19. His condition was, for a while, described as stable, but he died on 18 June 2021 at 11:30 PM IST. His wife, Nirmal Kaur, had died a few days earlier on 13 June 2021, also due to COVID-19.
As we all are aware, coronavirus affects different people in different ways. Some people suffer from serious symptoms like shortness of breath, chest pain while some people suffer from mild symptoms like loss of taste or smell, sore throat, headache etc.
Even after COVID recovery, people are getting infected by new fungal infections like Black fungus and White fungus. As the immunity of the body takes some time to recover, COVID patients are becoming easy targets for these fungal infections.
The only way to be safe from this coronavirus and its after harms, is to get VACCINATED.
Now, coming to the point of vaccination, people are having various misconceptions. Like,
Which vaccine should be preferred?
What will be the side-effects of taking vaccine?
Can vaccination guarantee protection against COVID?
Can anyone get corona after vaccination?
And so on.
All the vaccines , COVISHIELD, COVAXIN, SPUTNIK V have passed the standard approval of WHO(WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION). All are efficient and preventive against corona. These vaccines are made available free of cost at government institutions and hospitals.
Side effects:
Any side effects after taking vaccine are an indication of the working of vaccine inside the body. People can have side-effects like headache, body pain, low grade fever and fatigue. However, these side-effects will resolve in a matter of 2-3 days.
Lastly, vaccination does help in protection against COVID, but it can be ensured only after taking both vaccine doses.(1 & 2). People who have taken only 1st dose of vaccine, should follow the same guidelines of wearing masks, maintaining social distances in public, frequently sanitizing your hands.
There’s something majestic about every moment when listening to Hindi cinema music. Song and dance have long been a part of Bollywood films. Despite the fact that much has changed since the black-and-white era, present Bollywood films have stayed close to the spirit of the past. Bollywood, or the Hindi film business in Mumbai, generates an incredible amount of films each year. In India, these songs are extremely popular. While these songs have long been popular in India and its subcontinents, Bollywood has only recently become a global sensation.
The following lines feature a wide range of Bollywood songs from the 2000s and 2010s. You will have something to say if you are a Bollywood fan. Please feel free to express yourself in the comments area.
Tu jaane na from “Ajab prem ki Ghazab Kahani”
Tera hone Laga Hoon “Ajab prem ki Ghazab Kahani”
Ajj din chadheya from “love aaj kal”
Tujh mein rab dikhta hai from “ rab ne Bana Di Jodi”
Jiya dhadak dhadak jaaye From “kalyug”
Tu hi Haqeeqat from “tum mile”
Chaand sifarish from “fanaa”
Main jahaan rahoon from “Namaste London”
Tu hi meri shab hai from “gangster”
In dino from “ life in a metro”
Mere haath mein from “fanaa”
Agar tum mil jao from “zeher”
Dooriyan from “ love aaj kal”
ya ali from “Gangster”
Desi Girl from “Dostana”
Kabhi alvida naa kahena from “kabhi alvida naa kahena
Falguni Nayar is an Indian businesswoman and billionaire who is the founder and CEO of the beauty and lifestyle retail company Nykaa. Nayar is one of self-made female, Indian billionaires. Falguni Nayar, former CEO of Kotak Mahindra Capital Company, founded Nykaa in April 2012. It was launched as an e-commerce portal offering a range of beauty and wellness products. The website was first launched around Diwali 2012 and was commercially available in 2013.
Nykaa is an Indian e-commerce company, founded by Falguni Nayar in 2012 and its headquarter are located in Mumbai. Nykaa sells skincare products, makeup products, wellness and fashion merchandise across the websites, mobile apps and seventy-six offline stores.
Nykaa the ‘Sanskrit’ word means actress. became popular young tech-savvy Indians – preponderantly girls – who most well-liked the wide variety of brands compared with what was on provide at their native shops. “The better part concerning Nykaa is that it lets Main access such a lot of world brands that had never been sold in India before.
Successful Journey of Falguni Nayar:
Falguni Nayar Nykaa founder
Falguni Nayar , From a CEO of a company to a successful Indian Entrepreneurial billionaire. Falguni Nayar’s entry into the beauty industry, starting entrepreneurship at 49, but her courage, determination and passion have kept her going. “Entrepreneurship is an adventure that takes courage, Age and experience are not passivity. When you’re young, it’s easy because there is no downside. Usually, with age, with some people, so we put these constraints in mind that we have enough to lose you cannot succeed”, says Nayar.
Nayar was one amongst the few ‘professional entrepreneurs’ at Kotak, as she took up roles that enclosed putting in offices in new locations, as together with New York and London. “At Kotak, we were inspired to try to to new things. The bank was fairly small then, therefore a bunch flocks need to take up entrepreneurial roles, wherever the path of however you’ve got to do things isn’t well set out you have learned to seek out innovative solutions,” she says.
Nykaa Logos
OVER THE YEARS:
2012 -Nykaa founded in the year 2012.
2014- Nykaa opens its first ever store at the international airport, Delhi.
2015-Launches makeup and beauty brand ‘NYKAA COSMETICS’.
2016- Launches ‘NYKAA NATURALS’.
2017- first Nykaa Luxe store in Mumbai.
2018- Nykaa Network, an interaction beauty platform.
2019- Launches beauty range in collaboration with designer Masaba Gupta named ‘Masaba by Nykaa’.
2020- launches intimate wear brand ‘Nykd by Nykaa’.
2021- Opens Nykaa fashion store in Mall, New Delhi. Nykaa fashion is a multi – brand platform with close to 1,500 brands.
As of 2020, it absolutely was valued at ₹85 billion (US$1.1 billion) creating it the primary startup headed by an Indian woman. It sells products that are factory-made in India in addition as internationally. In 2020, it retails over 2,000 brands and 200,000 products across its platforms.
As of 2021, In October Nykaa gets SEBI ‘s approval for its 4,000 crore IPO.
On November 10, Nykaa IPO listing valuations surge to $14 billion.
“Opportunities don’t happen. You create them.”— Chris Grosser
Many new TV and online series premiered in 2021, however the year also saw the top of highest of various renowned titles. whereas a variety of the going series are out there on major streaming sites, there also are some long-running cable network titles on the list. sadly, for Netflix, the top-tier platform bid farewell to variety of standard shows throughout the year. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic started the last decade on an incomparable note. Production on the majority of film and TV productions was delayed for a piece of 2020 due to COVID.
The international series that we have seen this year has been quite interesting and exceptional that surprised the audience. From the jaw-dropping revelations of Mare of Easttown to the eye –catching south Korean Drama Squid Game, the series of 2021 have managed to surprise the audience.
The popular international series are enlisted below:
1. Squid Game:
The most successful series of 2021 has positively been the South Korean survival drama, ‘Squid Game’. The show sees 456 players competing against themselves in children’s games with a opportunity to win the jackpot amount of 45.6 billion won. Four hundred plus contestants, who are in deep financial debt, stake their lives in games such as “Red Light, Green Light”, Tug of War, and Marbles to win the prize money.
Squid Game is a South Korean survival drama streaming series created by Hwang Dong-hyuk for Netflix. The series revolves around a contest where 456 players, all of whom are in deep money debt, risk their lives to play a series of deadly children’s games for the possibility to win a 45.6 billion prize. The title of the series attracts from a similarly named Korean children’s game. Hwang had shaped the concept based on his own economic struggles early in life, as well as the class disparity in South Korea and capitalism. although he had written it in 2009, he was unable to find a production company to fund the idea until Netflix took an interest around 2019 as part of their drive to expand their foreign programming offerings. All nine episodes were written and directed by Hwang.
Squid Game was released worldwide on September 17, 2021, to important acclaim and international attention. As of November 2021, it is Netflix’s most-watched series, the top-viewed program in 94 countries and attracting more than 142 million member households and amassing 1.65 billion viewing hours throughout its first four weeks from launch, surpassing Bridgerton for the title of most watched show.
2.Money Heist:
Money Heist, one of Netflix’s most-watched non-English programs, ended in two installments. The Spanish criminal adventure story, which was originally planned to be a two-part limited series, was extended once Netflix acquired worldwide distribution rights.
The Spanish crime drama ‘Money Heist’ came back for its final season ‘Part 5’ this year in pair of volumes consisting of 5 episodes. Folks were hooked onto their streaming devices to grasp the last word fate of The professor and his gang of robbers consisting of Tokyo, Lisbon, Rio, Stockholm and others. Seeing the massive quality of the show, Netflix has conjointly declared a spin –off titled ‘Berlin’.
Money Heist is a Spanish heistcrime drama Tv series created by Álex Pina. The series traces two long-prepared heists led by the Professor one on the Royal Mint of Spain, and one on the Bank of Spain, told from the perspective of one of the robbers, Tokyo .The narrative is told in a very real-time-like fashion associated depends on flashbacks, time-jumps, hidden character motivations, and an unreliable narrator for complexity. The series received several awards together with the International Emmy Award for Best Drama Series at the forty six International Emmy Awards, in addition as important popularity of its sophisticated plot, social dramas, direction, and making an attempt to pioneer Spanish television.
3.Friends: The Reunion:
Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry, and David Schwimmer came for the reunion episode of ‘Friends’, the broadcast that has developed into a current pop culture phenomenon. The cast recounted their vivid memories and enacted some of the number of unforgettable scenes from the show. The reunion special, originally broadcast by HBO Max, is streaming on Zee5 in India.
Friends The Reunion is a 2021 reunion special of the American television sitcomFriends. The special is hosted by James Corden and executive produced by the show’s co-creators, Marta Kauffman and David Crane, the show’s main cast, and Ben Winston (who also directed the special). The special sees the main cast come back the sets of the original show meet with guests who appeared on the show as well as celebrity guests, do table reads and re-enactments of Friends episodes, and share behind-the-scenes footage.
The first season, which is based on the novel You, premiered on Lifetime in September 2018, and follows Joe Goldberg, a store manager and serial killer who falls in love and develops an extreme obsession. Lifetime announced in July 2018 that You had been renewed for a second season, based on Kepnes’ follow-up novel Hidden Bodies. The series later moved to Netflix and the second season was released in December 2019. The season follows Joe as he moves to Los Angeles and falls in love with native heiress Love Quinn.
Joe Goldberg, the obsessed serial killer, returned for the third season with the psychological thriller series ‘You’. The show has been a great hit with Netflix as it was already revived for a fourth season even before the third one premiered. Even after receiving negative comments for its portrayal of stalking and violence, ‘You’ has managed to develop a dedicated following.
Lucifer fans were joyful once Netflix revived the fantasy drama once Fox shelved it after the third season. The Tom Ellis-led series, that focuses on Lucifer Morningstar’ get away Hell for a life in Los Angeles, has developed a cult following. Season five was approved supported the increasing ratings when it had been touched to Netflix. However, the service revived the show in early 2021 for a sixth and final season. The news of the approaching of the last season generated many pleasure among fans, and as soon as result of the new season started streaming, netizens wasted no time in viewing the episodes associate degreed termed the series as a satisfying end.
6.Lupin:
Lupin is a French mystery adventurous story streaming TV series created by George Kay and François Uzan that premiered on Netflix on 8 January 2021. The series consists of 10 episodes; Netflix has renewed Lupin for a 3rd season.
One of the foremost widespread releases until now, Lupin is an excellent series. The engaging watch is a classic French series about Arsène Lupin, the world-famous gentleman thief and master of disguise. The story revolves around Diop, who sets out to avenge his father for an injustice inflicted by a wealthy family. Lupin stars Omar Sy, Ludivine Sagnier and Clotilde Hesme and will leave you thrilled and excited . The series was watched by 70 million households throughout its first month, becoming the most-watched non-English series on Netflix at the time.
Atypical, Netflix’s comedy-drama, officially came to an end in July 2021. Since its premiere in 2017, the series, that follows a young guy on the autistic spectrum, has gotten mostly excellent reviews. The last episode featured Sam Gardner (Keir Gilchrist) as he continues to deal with college and selections that may have an effect on his future. the series was renewed for a fourth and final season, which premiered on July 9, 2021.
The series focuses chiefly on sisters Kim, Kourtney, and Khloé Kardashian and their half-sisters, Kendall and Kylie Jenner. It also features their parents, Kris and Caitlyn Jenner, and brother, Rob. Partners of the Kardashian sisters have additionally appeared on the show. The Kardashian-Jenner family determined to its long-running reality show. The show’s 20th season, which was the last season, premiered in June. However, there’s news that the world’s “guilty pleasure” show will be continued in an exceedingly new show which will premiere on Hulu and will drop in early 2022. It has been additionally disclosed that the family would retain editing rights to the new programmed, and that the broadcast will intentionally focus on the family’s commercial.
When Lost in Space concluded, Netflix’s original programming slate was stricken yet again. The title, that may be a remodeling of the 1965 series, premiered in 2018. Due to its success, Netflix revived the series about a family of space colonists shortly after its first premiere. Lost in Space, which has an ensemble cast and a visually spectacular setting, was renewed for a third season, and ended in December 2021.
Featuring Tom Hiddleston within the titular role, ‘Loki’ is another addition to the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Taking place after the events of the film ‘Avengers: Endgame’, the show delves into the alternate timeline created by the ‘God of Mischief’. The show, accessible on Disney+ Hotstar, has been praised for its performances, music and visuals.
11.Mare of Easttown:
Mare of Easttown is an American crime dramalimited series created by Brad Ingelsby for HBO. Directed by Craig Zobel and written by Ingelsby, the series premiered on April 18, 2021, and concluded on May 30, 2021, consisting of seven episodes. It stars Kate Winslet as the title character, a detective investigation a murder in a small town near Philadelphia.
The Academy Award winner Kate Winslet, who has acted in multiple films including ‘Titanic’, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind’, ‘Steve Jobs’ and others, portrayed the lead character of a detective Marianne “Mare” Sheehan in the crime drama ‘Mare of Easttown’. Mare of Easttown was acclaimed by critics, who lauded its story, characters, acting, and representation of women. Apart from gaining immense love for her character, Kate also won the ‘Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie’ at the Emmy Awards 2021.
오랜만에 블로그 포스팅이에요 (Its been a long time since I posted a blog) Nowadays we do nothing despite binging over shows and dramas but as you all know it’s exhausting to dig out a compatible drama from the extensive lists of dramas available on various sites to satisfy our soul. But don’t worry I am here with a dynamite (Opss!!!!………Not a BTS song ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ) drama recommendation (especially for K-drama lovers) 😉 , which can thrill you out in no time!!!! Do you guys want to know?????…………..Let’s Scroll down with me!! …..
The drama I am gonna tell you about is an underrated one but……. still, it had caught my eye due to its marvelous synopsis and jump scares and I am damn sure you guys will definitely love it tooI,
It’s`PRIEST (2018)’!!!
프리스트
It’s a South Korean television series released in 2018. Its protagonists are also Stunning as Father Oh Soo-Min (Yeon Woo-Jin), Dr.Ham Eun-Ho (Jeong Yu-Mi), and Father Moon Ki-Seon (Park Yong-Woo), you can’t keep your eyes away from them ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ. Basically, the whole script revolved around these three persona. But Ahhaa!!!!……Don’t misinterpret it as a love triangle. In this, we can see a strong brotherhood between Oh Soo-Min and Moon Ki-Seo, It includes a heartwarming love story too and It also includes some characters that will not fail to give you the shots of laughter too such as Yong-Pil (my favorite one), Doo-Kyun, Shin Mi-Yeon, etc.
REGIA VI III IV
This drama is from horror, romance, mystery and comedy genre…..Its plot is about the two priests fighting with the help of their team known as “REGIA VI III IV” (Regia 634) and a doctor, to save people from the havoc of a demon who was freed from the mother of pearl box, 8 years ago! From the very first episode, your keenness to know what will happen next will never let you to left this drama in the mid. As you go along you might think that you start grasping the plot……Then, BOOM!!!!!! The twist is that at the very next moment you would be like damn!! it was all nothing just an illusion
This drama is not only a pack of entertainment but it also teaches us that human will is a very powerful weapon. That’s why I love this plot a lot. It shows the battle of goodwill against very powerful evil…..Regia tried their all best to control and capture the demon…….What do you think would have happened??, who gonna make it through?…… There are lot of twists in this drama that never let boredom attacks you. As we all know good things have limited editions only, so here this drama also has only two OSTs available and not only the drama but even its OSTs are also marvelous. I bet if you listen to it once you won’t hold back yourself to listen it on repeat! Well, I'm going to see this again……. see you soon!!!!!
In a society that values conformity over emotional support, where giving time to yourself is frowned upon , it is essential to liberate yourself from the sameness. We as a society have been wired to conform to the social norms We constantly try to satisfy ourselves by satisfying others. True ,when you serve others you achieve some measure of happiness but if it comes at a cost where you neglect your own well being then it becomes a cause of concern
When people commit crimes , Society punishes them by locking up in solitary cells. This is not to say that they shouldn’t be punished though. You’d be considered a loser if you choose to stay at home on a Friday or a Saturday night.
The problem is that We’ve been wired to believe solitude is our worst enemy.
We’ve also tried to equate loneliness with being alone. Loneliness is a feeling of emptiness. It means you feel isolated and not connected to others , it’s a feeling or an emotion. On the other hand, solitude is a state of being happy and content with your own company.
Twice a year, Bill Gates takes a self-proclaimed “think week.” He spends seven days of solitude in a cabin in the forest.He does it to self introspect , to read books , to escape from the everyday stress in life and to develop a deeper creative thought.
Spending some valuable time with oneself is vital for your mental health and serves as an essentially ingredient for your personal growth . And perhaps the greatest gift to solitude is that it allows you to become the best version of yourself.
Criticism is the art of interpreting, judging, and evaluating the works of literature. It aims to enlighten and stimulate the reader so that he may have a deeper and clearer appreciation of the literary work. Traditionally there have been two broadly different approaches to literary criticism-the classical and romantic. However, from the modern point of view, there are several kinds of criticism depending on its purpose and process and the approach the critic adopts. A critic may confine himself to the work at hand or he may interpret and evaluate it in the light of his knowledge of similar other works. He may adopt the method of comparison or apply the general principles of art to the work at hand. In any case, the critic aims to help the reader to know the work better than he could do without such assistance.
The properties common to all literature can be set out in a system of principles and these principles can be applied to a literary work while interpreting and evaluating it. This type of criticism is called Theoretical Criticism. This has limitations because the rules derived from some particular instances may not apply to literary works produced in some other age or place. Practical Criticism is concerned with the study of particular works or writers basis of general principles. Dr.Jhonson’s ‘Lives of the Poets’, Arnold’s ‘Essays in Criticism’ and T.S. Eliot’s ‘Selected Essays’ belong to this category. A purely scientific kind of Literary Criticism advocated by Professor Moulton is inductive criticism. It aims to bring criticism into the fold of inductive science. It seeks scientific accuracy and impartiality. The inductive critic does not praise or blame a work, he merely reviews it to discover the laws and principles by which the work is moulded.
Inductive Criticism has nothing to do with the value of a piece of literary work, it merely investigates the laws of art practiced by the writer. Thus inductive criticism recognizes no fixed standards and therefore no fixed literary values. JudicialCriticism is a contrast to inductive criticism. It is concerned with the question of the order of merit among literary works. Unlike inductive criticism is based on the assumption that there are laws of literature binding on the writers. Again judicial criticism assumes that there are fixed standards by which literature may be judged. The best practitioners of judicial criticism were Dr.Johnson and Joseph Addison. The merit of judicial criticism is that it seeks to determine the literary value of a work. It emphasizes the truth that judgment in literature is universal. It tries to explain the effects of work in terms of its subject, organisation and techniques. Longinus’s essay ‘On the Sublime’, critical writings of Virginia Woolf and E.M Forster belong to this kind.
Impressionistic Criticism is a part of Romantic Criticism which attempts to express the felt qualities of a work and its impressions on the reader. Pragmatic Criticism views the literary work as something constructed to achieve certain effects on the reader. The quality of the work depends on the extent to which this effect is achieved. Expressive Criticism judges the work by its sincerity or genuineness in expressing the writer’s vision or state of mind.
Criticism is the branch of study concerned with defining, classifying, expounding, and evaluating works of literature. The realm of literature consists mainly of three activities- the power to create, the power to appreciate, and the power to criticize. Unlike the other two, the power to criticize may be acquired. The process of criticism is one of asking and answering rational questions about literature. The field of criticism embraces the theory of literature and the study of the individual works of writers. Criticism deals with all branches of literature like poetry, drama, novel, and even criticism. According to Walter Pater criticism is the art of interpreting art. Carlyle also considers criticism as interpretation. This is not a comprehensive view because criticism is more than interpretation or judgment. Arnold defines criticism as ‘a disinterested endeavor to learn and propagate the best that is known and thought in the world’. According to Hudson the chief function of criticism is to enlighten and stimulate. Criticism helps the reader to partake in the great vision a work of literature presents. No analysis or criticism of a literary work alone can be a substitute for our personal mastery of it.
Criticism only helps us to go forward. That is why Bacon said, “some books may be read by deputy” that is, with the assistance of others. Good criticism helps the reader to penetrate the heart of the work and to distinguish between what is permanent and what is temporary in it. If creative literature is an interpretation of life under the various forms of literary art, criticism is the interpretation of that interpretation. Emerson says that the aim of a critic is not to instruct the reader about the different aspects of a particular work but to provoke him into new meanings of the work. The two main functions of criticism are judgment and interpretation. But every effort at judgment leads to appreciation. As Pater said, ” To feel the virtue of the poet or the painter, to disengage it, to set it forth- these are the three stages of the critic’s duty”.
There are two approaches to criticism – the classical and the Romantic. Classical criticism held sway till the 18th century Aristotle’s Poetics was held as the master key to the treasure of literature by the classical critics. This type of criticism stands for judgment based on absolute standards and established conventions. It emphasized the judicial function of criticism and advocated right judgment as the first step towards right appreciation. However classical criticism severely restricted the free play of the critical faculty because it was bound by rules and standards laid down in ancient times. Romantic criticism which began with Wordsworth is subjective. It lays down that every work of art carries with it its own rules of enjoyment and there is no need to search for rules outside the work. It also began to probe into the viewpoint of the writer. Besides Wordsworth who initiated Romantic criticism with the Preface to the Lyrical Ballads, Coleridge and Shelley were the other significant Romantic critics. Romantic criticism came under attack by modern critics like T.S. Eliot, T.E Hulme, and I.A. Richards. Modern criticism is based upon a sound knowledge of the past and it respects tradition as exemplified in the writings of T.S.Eliot.
No definition of poetry can be comprehensive. Poetry is that kind of literature in which imagination, emotion, and fancy predominate. It may be generally in verse form. Metre, rhythm, rhyme, and measure are the attributes of poetry though all of them need not be present in every poem. Dr.Jonson calls poetry a ‘metrical composition’ and points out four elements of poetry- pleasure, truth, imagination, and reason. It is defined by another critic as the art of employing words to produce an illusion on the imagination. For Carlyle poetry was ‘musical thought’ and Shelley defined it as ‘The expression of imagination’. Coleridge thought poetry was the antithesis of science and Wordsworth defined it as ‘the breath and finer spirit of all knowledge’. According to Arnold poetry is ‘simply the most delightful and perfect form of utterance that human words can reach’. Edgar Allen Poe calls it ‘the rhythmic creation of beauty. T.S. Eliot calls poetry ‘the vehicle of feeling’ and insists that ‘poetry has to give pleasure’. All these definitions refer to the main elements of poetry- imagination, emotion, feeling, truth. Only when these qualities are embodied in a proper form of expression is poetry. The form is regularly rhythmic language or meter, so versification is a part of poetry.
Another aspect of poetry is that it is an interpretation of life. By the exercise of imagination, transfigures the existing reality and gives to airy nothings a local habitation and a name. Critics like Coleridge and Leigh Hunt thought that meter is not an essential element in poetry. Even prose can be a good medium if poetry can be conveyed through it. However, rhythm has significance in poetry because it gives musical and aesthetic pleasure which are among the chief functions of poetry. Science provides us with a complete rationale of things in the universe, but it is poetry that can suggest to us its beauty and mystery. This poetry is at once antithesis and complement of science. Arnold held that poetry has the power to awaken in us a wonderfully intense and complete sense of things in the universe that science cannot do. Another element is the revealing power of poetry. It opens our eyes to the beauties and spiritual meanings of the universe and nature to which, otherwise, we remain blind. It educates us to look at life for ourselves with more insight. Thus poetry is an interpretation of life through imagination and feeling.
SUBJECTIVE POETRY:
Subjective poetry or Personal poetry is the poetry of self- delineation and self-expression. In this kind of poetry, we find most, the poet’s feelings and thoughts given expression in a lyrical manner. The poet is moved by his own experience as Wordsworth in ‘The Solitary Reaper’. The essence of the subjective poetry is the personality of the poet.
OBJECTIVE POETRY:
Objective poetry is poetry that expresses the world outside the poet. In this kind of poetry, the poet goes out of himself, mingles with the action and passion of the world, and expresses what he observed there. This is an older type of poetry than subjective poetry. Subjectivism came only later. The communal ballad, the epic, and the drama were the earliest form of objective poetry. In this poetry, the experiences of the eye and the ear are given more importance than those of the mind and the soul.
A Comedy is a play of light and amusing characters with a happy conclusion to the plot. It adopts a humorous or familiar style and depicts laughable characters, incidents, and situations. In a Comedy, even if there are serious and complex incidents, ultimately they are resolved and the plot ends in happiness. Like tragedy, comedy also originated in ancient Greece from the festivals celebrating the nature-god Dionysus. While tragedy dealt with persons in high places, comedy dealt with people of much less importance. Among the Greeks, Aristophanes was the most important comedy writer. The atmosphere of comedy is mirthful and light. Comedy moves us to laughter through humorous intrigues, strange situations, and witty dialogue. Comedy shows the common errors of life and ridicules man’s follies and foibles. Comedy is usually allowed to convey its own moral, though it is sometimes stated at the end of the play by one of the characters.
Comedy can be divided into two types- the Classical and the Romantic. The Classical form was based on the Greek and Latin Models. Ben Jonson and the Restoration Playwrights tried the classical form of comedy. Shakespeare and some of the university wits like Lily and Greene write Romantic Comedies. Ben Jonson’s comedy was called the ‘comedy of humor’ as it was based on the medieval theory of the four ‘humor’ that determined human character. The ‘Comedy of Manners’ of the Restoration period ridiculed the follies and foibles of the upper classes and was highly stylized and artificial. Then came the genteel comedy of Colley Cibber and the sentimental comedy in which there was an excess of Melodrama and moralizing and less of wit and laughter. Anti-sentimental comedies of Sheridan and Goldsmith retrieved comedy from too many weak moralizings and ridiculous sentimentalism. They combined morality with wit and sobriety with laughter. The language and atmosphere of the English comedy remained fairly remote from those of ordinary life until the 1860s when T.W. Roberston’s play ‘Caste’ appeared. Then onwards English comedy began to employ everyday language and familiar subjects culminating in the plays of Bernard Shaw and Galsworthy in modern times. The comedy of dialogue and narration flourished in the plays of Oscar Wilde. The plays like ” The Importance of Being Earnest” and ” Lady Windermere’s Fan’ derived their strength from witty dialogue and comic situations. Shaw’s plays dealt with social problems and his comedies are characterized by intellectual wit, irony, and satire apart from penetrating analysis of social and moral problems confronting society. Some of his important plays are ‘Arms and the Man’,’ The Applecart’, ‘Major Barbara’ and ‘John Bull’s Other Island’. An experimental playwright who wrote under the influence of Shaw was James Bridie. His themes covered a wide range and plays like ‘The Anatomist’ and ‘Mr.Bolfry’ were successes.
The latter half of the present century saw plays with little literary merit succeeding on the stage. The audience wanted only entertainment and so the Playwrights provided dialogue that made a good impression and situations that tickled the audience into laughter. The theatre became a tangle of illusion and make-believe. Among the playwright of this kind, the foremost was Noel Coward who wrote plays about the leisured classes. He became famous popular with the plays such as ‘Hay Fever’ and ‘The Happy Breed’. The modern comedy is shying away from serious social and moral themes while concentrating on impressive dialogue and effective presentation on the stage.
” Tattoos have a power and magic all their own. Theydecorate the body but they also enhance the soul.”
– Michelle Delio
(1875 A.D.)
For thousands of years the people had tattoos in the form of various ontological, psychosocial and cultural concepts explaining beauty, identity, medicines and sometimes supernatural protection. But in this modern world, tattoos have become a part of lifestyle and it has became a fashionable trend from a ritualistic art from ancient times. Nowadays people of the modern world has gone crazy after tattoos as you can see a huge no. of celebreties, public figures, and even the normal people from all around the world have gotten tattoos and influenced their generation, the next and will influence the upcoming one. Tattoos stay with you throughout your whole life reminding you of moments you made them for, the decision of pain you took to get them and the moments of happiness after they got completed. Yes there are some people who don’t know meaning of tattoos they are getting on them but still they got them because they wanted to have them and its happiness too. After all life’s all about moments and the happiness within them so who cares. But there are always gonna be complications, the people who judge you for who you are by the tattoos you’ve got. But as the Famous American Country Singer ‘Earl Dibbles Jr.’ said
” Sometimes the nicest people you meet are covered in tattoos and the most judgmental people you meet go to church on Sundays”
and that’s true as anybody in this whole world could be judged only by his/her character. Okay lets just move on from this philosophical part to the more informative part.
History of Tattoos
The Oldest Tattoo ever found goes back 5,000 years which was found on the body of Otzi The Iceman, dating to between 3700 B.C. to 3100 B.C. , Now that’s really a awesome fact to know about and clearly a important discovery that was made in 1991 around the Italian-Austrian borders, on the Otzal Alps. After the body was examined, it showed the medicinal aspects
The constitution of India is considered to be the supreme law of India , it lays down the basic principle on which the government and the people of the country are suppose to operate. The Indian constitution is one of the longest constitution written and is derived from different constitutions of the world, some of them include-USA, Canada, Australia,Russia, France and many more. The exclusivity of the constitution is because of the various communities it has accommodated in it’s framework.
The constitution of India was ratified on 26th November 1949 by the Constituent Assembly, which was elected by elected members of the provincial assemblies. The 389-member assembly (reduced to 299 after the partition of India) took almost three years to draft the constitution holding eleven sessions over a 165-day period. The assembly was lead by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and the constitution came into effect from 26th January 1950. The constitution declares India as a sovereign, socialist, secular and democratic republic. The constitution has 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules
Today I came up with a very familiar topic. And my topic is about “FEAR”. Fear – being afraid to do or speak out something. Everyone is having their own fear. -Fear of starting, something fresh or new -Fear to speak out i.e., to share views. -Fear of losing our loved ones -Fear to face the failure -Fear to face the truth and so on. Because of our fear we are really losing so many of our opportunities, chances and happy moments.
Let me share a story. There once was this criminal who had committed a crime. Anyway, he was sent to the king for his punishment. The king told him he had a choice of two punishments.
He could be hung by a rope.Or take what’s behind the big, dark, scary, mysterious iron door.
The criminal quickly decided on the rope.
As the noose was being slipped on him, he turned to the king and asked:
“By the way, out of curiosity, what’s behind that door?”
The king laughed and said:
“You know, it’s funny, I offer everyone the same choice, and nearly everyone picks the rope.”
“So,” said the criminal, “Tell me. What’s behind the door? I mean, obviously, I won’t tell anyone,” he said, pointing to the noose around his neck.
The king paused then answered: “Freedom, but it seems most people are so afraid of the unknown that they immediately take the rope.”
Like those criminals who missed their chance of escaping (or getting released) because of their fear, we missed many things because of our fear. But sometimes we even get feared, because of doing something unfair, as our conscience pricks us, for doing so.
Whatever it may be, let’s us take a STEP forward to Overcome our fear. And let’s us not do anything against our conscience. That’s ok, what is going to happen. -We may Get scoldings -We may Face failures -We may Lose someone (for speaking out/correcting a person)
That’s completely ok, As I said, in my previous content,’ living peacefullywithoutany fears do mattersthananything’.
Asusal at the end of the day everything is your choice “Whether you gonna stay with fear or gonna leave your fear, decision is with you”.
Gold medalist Neeraj Chopra of team India celebrates on the podium during the medal ceremony for the men’s javelin throw on day 15th of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic games at Olympic Stadium on August 7 2021 in Tokyo Japan. Neeraj Chopra did not compete on the international stage for 17 months between January 2020 and June 2021
Gold medalist Neeraj Chopra of team India celebrates on the podium during the medal ceremony for the men’s javelin throw on day 15th of Tokyo 2020 Olympic games at Olympic Stadium on August 7 2021 in Tokyo Japan . Neeraj Chopra did not compete on the international stage for 17 months between January 2020 and June 2021 . Mirabai Chanu went without completing from December 2019 to April 2021. PV Sindhu featured in five toirnaments from 2020 till the start of the Olympic Games. During the period, Lovlina Borgohain used the money series receive as a part of her Arjun award the second highest state on a for Indian sports person for the treatment of her mothers kidney ailment. While Ravi Kumar Dahiya traveled on the mats in Tokyo the local administration in his village in Haryana had to make special arrangements to ensure all his parents put tune into the action without any electricity cuts. Bajrang Punia had 24 feet a match a month ago after injuring his right knee which would remains 12 through most of his contest in Tokyo. The Indian men’s hockey team had spent most of the last one and half year log down at a national training facility in Bengaluru. In the 6th months lady up to the Tokyo games they had spent a total of four days at their respective homes. Neeraj Chopra of in team India process with his Nations flag after competing in a men’s javelin throw final on the the day 15th of Tokyo 2020 Olympic game at Olympic Stadium on August 7 2020 in Tokyo Japan. In the best of times it takes the struggle of a lifetime to deliver the Holy Grail of Olympic medal. And India read under the disaster was first and second waves of covid-19 pandemic it was the worst of the time to exist leave alone train for Sporting glory. And yet the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020 conclude as the most successful in India 120 years history of competition. These 7 Champions have travel far and wide to make that happen. That is there story recapped.
”THE WORLD WOULD BE A BETTER PLACE OF EVERYONE HAD THE ABILITY TO LOVE AS UNCONDITIONALLY AS A DOG”
-M.K. Clinton
I had ever been a one who likes animal but my love for dogs are irreplaceable. Every animal on the earth deserve love and afffection they are the beautiful creatures made by god.
And dogs are one of the animals from one of those special creatures. As everyone knows dogs are pet animal. relationsip betwqeen the dog and human is unspeakable.
there are some lovely facts that make you to love dog:
Does talking about the forbidden word “SEX” go against our culture?
I think its really funny how the Daughter’s of the world are taught to ignore when they get catcalled, To wear clothes that cover their body from head to toe, so that men don’t get ‘tempted’. First of all how dare you? If clothes were really the problem, Many kids would be alive, many women would have been able to achieve their dreams, Many women would be able to walk alone at night….but guess what? The ugly, sad reality is that clothes or pictures women post on their Instagram showing a little skin are/were never the problem. Lack of education and mysogynistic
Na. Muthukumar has worked in 34 Tamil movies. It’s anything but a record. Prior when we had less number of musicians and more number of creations, Kannadasan and Vaali composed verses for films even threefold the number. Muthukumar makes the meeting paramount, as he cites from his works and from others’ with familiarity and skill common of an individual saturated with the universe of letters. Furthermore, the best part is he makes composing verse and composition sound so natural.
Muthukumar’s verses will shape Rajini’s introduction scene in ‘Sivaji.’ Earlier chief Shankar had given him every one of the tunes in ‘Veyyil’ and ‘Kaadhal.’ “And he was exceptionally content with the ‘Sivaji’ tune. Rajinikanth likewise adulated the verse.” A.R.Rahman consistently gives him full opportunity. “‘I’ve given you the tune. In any case, don’t confine yourself. You compose what you feel and we will work it out later,'” he says. More often than not Vidyasagar requests me for the words from the pallavi and tunes them. It was something similar for ‘Deepavali’ with Yuvan. Furthermore, be it Kartik Raja, Imman, Harris Jeyaraj, Vijay Antony or G.V.Prakash, we comprehend each other well.” Diplomacy leads the trades all through. On the repetition of English words in verses till as of late, his perception is: “When such a melody clicked, different creators needed something very similar. Be that as it may, presently they’ve been weaned away from it. The new hits are verification enough.” Ask him about foulness in verses and the reaction is, “I’ve composed not very many such melodies, and even there it was inside limits. However, presently I solidly decline to pen such verses.” A doctorate holder, columnist, author, artist, lyricist, discourse essayist — Muthukumar’s measurements are many. “I work around 20 hours each day ,” he says. What’s more, where does that allow for the recently married spouse? “That is her grouse. She demands I dedicate more opportunity to her,” he chuckles reluctantly. In the mean time, this youngster from Kanchipuram is likewise composing ‘Silk City,’ a novel in English, on four ages in Kanchi. “It includes plenty of examination,” he says. His time usage abilities leave you expanding!
Even before pandemic unemployment situation was not that great. In our country we been experiencing slower economic growth and rising unemployment. But when pandemic hit it just got worse.
unemployment situation during 1st wave
there was no doubt that india witnessed sharpest drops on gdp and unemployment due to pandemic. The first wave of pandemic shoved a staggering 230 million Indians below the poverty line,estimated study by the Azim premium university. Poverty rate during pandemic was 15% in rural areas and 20% in urban areas.
The Independence Day of India, which is celebrated religiously throughout the Country on the 15th of August every year, holds tremendous ground in the list of national days, since it reminds every Indian about the dawn of a new beginning, the beginning of an era of deliverance from the clutches of British colonialism of more than 200 years. It was on 15th August 1947 that India was declared independent from British colonialism, and the reins of control were handed over to the leaders of the Country. India’s gaining of independence was a tryst with destiny, as the struggle for freedom was a long and tiresome one, witnessing the sacrifices of many freedom fighters, who laid down their lives on the line.
Peace is a stress-free state of security and calmness that comes when there’s no fighting or war, everything coexisting in perfect harmony and freedom. After a war, two countries may sign a peace treaty, agreeing to not fight anymore.
A peaceful life is a life that is lived with a balanced harmony inside you, and around you. It means that you feel content with whatever is going on in your life or around you, and nothing, no one can disturb this inner peace of yours.
Living a peaceful life is about being in harmony with yourself and the surrounding world. Peace begins from within, and once your mind is at ease, you will start to see the effects in everything that surrounds you. Being at peace doesn’t mean you have a perfect life. Instead, it is how you deal with everything around you. Controlling your fears, respecting others, and not letting the small things get to you are the stepping stones towards leading a happy, healthy life. Once you are on the journey, peace will find you soon enough!
Life is more than just work and responsibilities, and trust me; it is possible to create a peaceful life if you set your priorities straight. When you actively make time for what’s important, you will feel a fog lifting from your head, and you will find that life is more than a to-do list! It may not be immediately apparent to you how to make these changes, but we got you covered. Let’s go over a few simple suggestions that you can practice every day to get a happy and peaceful life.
In this modern era, we live such a fast-paced life that stopping to take a moment seems like a dream to many. Our day starts with a list of tasks, and we spend our time burning through the to-do list, only to start over the next day. This daily grind has detached us from the ground realities of life, and most people live their lives with no sense of what’s essential for them.
A peaceful life is something worth striving for if you:Feel infinitely calm and happy no matter what is happening around you.Like the idea of living without fear, anger, or fixation on material things.Are tired or feeling exhausted by life problems.
Feel like there’s more to life than just a never-ending chase of temporary “highs” (ways to satisfy our human nature).
7 ways to live a peaceful life 1) Lower Your Expectations It is natural for anyone to feel frustrated and disappointed when something doesn’t turn out as expected. If you want to live a peaceful life, you have to lower your expectations and suppress the urge to control everything around you. When you stop anticipating every possibility and live life on a day-to-day basis, your life will dramatically become more peaceful. You will finally stop staying up every night worrying about a business deal or the new job and focus on what matters. 2) Don’t Lose Yourself From the day we are born, we are supposed to follow the footsteps laid for us by others and live the ‘ideal life.’ Go to school, get a job, find the love of your life, and strive for greatness till your last day. However, it is very easy to lose yourself in the process! You may become so focused on chasing the dream life that you forget your own passions.Instead, take a good look at your life and see whether you are on the path set for you by others? If you desire a peaceful life, start by living life on your terms. Chase your dreams, quit the job you hate, or get enrolled in college even if you think it’s too late. A decision that takes you closer to your goal will bring you more peace than you can imagine!woman taking pictures on the roof top 3) Practice Tolerance We are accustomed to a particular way of living, and most of us are less than tolerant of the changes happening around us. However, if you want to lead a peaceful life, you need to broaden your horizons and become susceptible to the ever-changing world. Accepting diversity is the first step towards this, and you will feel a considerable difference once you start respecting other peoples’ beliefs and opinions instead of fighting them. 4) Give Up On The Urge To Control Your Loved Ones All of us want to have control over our lives, but sometimes we extend this control to the people surrounding us, and that’s where the trouble begins. If you want to live a peaceful life, it is vital to stop controlling others and have harmony in your relationships. Imposing your will on someone and taking control over relationships not only creates conflicts, but it also seeps out all the happiness from your life. Try to accept the people who surround you, embrace their flaws instead of trying to change them, and be on your way to a happier life! 5) Practice Forgiveness If you are always dwelling on the past, reliving your wounds, and thinking of the people who hurt you, you will never find true peace. For a peaceful life that is free of mental burdens, it is important to practice forgiveness for others and yourself. Don’t think of the past and don’t beat yourself for the mistakes you made; instead, focus on the present day.peaceful life illustration with cocoa pink peonies and jewellry 6) To Live A Peaceful Life, You Must Prioritize! You may spend hours and hours of a work task, forsaking everything else, including your family and friends. This is a great way to lead a successful life, but are you really at peace? Stop for a minute and ask yourself, is this what you want to do with your life? Does your professional life take precedence over your happiness? If the answer to any of these is no, then I would be best to set your priorities straight. Make time for the people you love and the things you love to do, and a peaceful life won’t seem like a dream anymore. 7) Find The Peace Within If you want to live an endlessly peaceful life, you have to start by finding your inner peace. No amount of external tranquillity can calm down the chaos in your mind. Finding your inner peace is a journey, but with some effort, you will get there.Try to connect with your inner self by disconnecting yourself from the surroundings, even if for a few minutes. Find a quiet spot to sit, close your eyes, and take a deep breath. Let all the anxiety and worries out of your body with each breath, and fill your lungs with hope and peace. This simple exercise is excellent when feeling anxious or helpless, and it will instantly put things in perspective.woman meditating on the top of the roof A happy and peaceful life is not a utopia Of course, a peaceful life doesn’t mean that all your problems will vanish, but it will give you the strength to face these challenges. When faced with a difficulty, don’t let disharmony and conflict overtake you. Instead, deal with the problems without letting them affect your life.Decide to change your life, and make a conscious choice to work for that change. You can live a peaceful life and be happier than ever, but it will not happen by magic! You have to change your priorities, give attention to the essential things in life, and open your heart to peace. However, once you make peace your focus, everything else will fall in line.Always remember what really matters to you, and stop every once in a while to appreciate the good things in life. Once you start practicing this, peace and harmony will fill both you and your days completely.Like these tips about living a peaceful life? Scroll down for more content like this!Amber & The TeamAmber & The TeamAmber is Editor-In-Chief at ShineSheets.com.“Me and my lovely team love to research, examine, analyze, and present you the best ideas that make life better! You can learn about our editorial standards here. I’d like to also invite you to connect with us on Pinterest, Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter.”Was This Helpful?Rate this article:😍 I LIKE THIS! 🤔 NOT FOR MEALSO READHow To Be An Optimistic Person And Live Your Life With a SmileBeing an optimistic person is healthy both for your mind AND body.7 Ways To Achieve a Healthy Work-Life BalanceAre you still working after work?10 Calming Ways To Practice Mindfulness Every DayDon’t waste those precious moments, EXPERIENCE them.5 Ways To Rebuild Your Life After You’ve Hit Rock BottomNewsflash – hitting rock bottom is not the end of your life.35 Ways To Enjoy Life MoreWhy wait for better times? Enjoy life now, even if it’s not perfect!Similar TopicsHAPPINESS • LIFESTYLE • MENTAL HEALTHHAPPINESS AND JOYPERSONAL GROWTHPersonal DevelopmentGood HabitsProductivity TipsSelf ImprovementChasing GoalsPlanningMotivationSelf ConfidenceGoal & Productivity PlannersTime PlannersAll Personal Growth TopicsMENTAL WELLNESSAnxietyResilienceHappinessStress ReliefSelf HelpGratitudeMental Health JournalsSelf LoveMindfulnessMeditationAll Mental Health TopicsHEALTH + BEAUTYWellnessHealthSelf CareWeight LossFit LifeBeautySelf Care JournalsHair CareSkincareMakeup TipsHands & NailsLIFESTYLEWork LifeHome & DecorOrganizationStyle ImprovementSelf Help For Unusual EventsRelationshipsMoney & BudgetingMommy & Family LifeHealthy RecipesBlogging & Working At HomeAll Life Topics HomeAbout UsReadShopSubscribeContactGuest PostAdvertisePrivacyTermsCopyrightA peaceful life is something worth striving for if you:Feel infinitely calm and happy no matter what is happening around you.Like the idea of living without fear, anger, or fixation on material things.Are tired or feeling exhausted by life problems.Feel like there’s more to life than just a never-ending chase of temporary “highs” (ways to satisfy our human nature). 7 ways to live a peaceful life 1) Lower Your Expectations It is natural for anyone to feel frustrated and disappointed when something doesn’t turn out as expected. If you want to live a peaceful life, you have to lower your expectations and suppress the urge to control everything around you. When you stop anticipating every possibility and live life on a day-to-day basis, your life will dramatically become more peaceful. You will finally stop staying up every night worrying about a business deal or the new job and focus on what matters. 2) Don’t Lose Yourself From the day we are born, we are supposed to follow the footsteps laid for us by others and live the ‘ideal life.’ Go to school, get a job, find the love of your life, and strive for greatness till your last day. However, it is very easy to lose yourself in the process! You may become so focused on chasing the dream life that you forget your own passions.Instead, take a good look at your life and see whether you are on the path set for you by others? If you desire a peaceful life, start by living life on your terms. Chase your dreams, quit the job you hate, or get enrolled in college even if you think it’s too late. A decision that takes you closer to your goal will bring you more peace than you can imagine!woman taking pictures on the roof top 3) Practice Tolerance We are accustomed to a particular way of living, and most of us are less than tolerant of the changes happening around us. However, if you want to lead a peaceful life, you need to broaden your horizons and become susceptible to the ever-changing world. Accepting diversity is the first step towards this, and you will feel a considerable difference once you start respecting other peoples’ beliefs and opinions instead of fighting them. 4) Give Up On The Urge To Control Your Loved Ones All of us want to have control over our lives, but sometimes we extend this control to the people surrounding us, and that’s where the trouble begins. If you want to live a peaceful life, it is vital to stop controlling others and have harmony in your relationships. Imposing your will on someone and taking control over relationships not only creates conflicts, but it also seeps out all the happiness from your life. Try to accept the people who surround you, embrace their flaws instead of trying to change them, and be on your way to a happier life! 5) Practice Forgiveness If you are always dwelling on the past, reliving your wounds, and thinking of the people who hurt you, you will never find true peace. For a peaceful life that is free of mental burdens, it is important to practice forgiveness for others and yourself. Don’t think of the past and don’t beat yourself for the mistakes you made; instead, focus on the present day.peaceful life illustration with cocoa pink peonies and jewellry 6) To Live A Peaceful Life, You Must Prioritize! You may spend hours and hours of a work task, forsaking everything else, including your family and friends. This is a great way to lead a successful life, but are you really at peace? Stop for a minute and ask yourself, is this what you want to do with your life? Does your professional life take precedence over your happiness? If the answer to any of these is no, then I would be best to set your priorities straight. Make time for the people you love and the things you love to do, and a peaceful life won’t seem like a dream anymore. 7) Find The Peace Within If you want to live an endlessly peaceful life, you have to start by finding your inner peace. No amount of external tranquillity can calm down the chaos in your mind. Finding your inner peace is a journey, but with some effort, you will get there.Try to connect with your inner self by disconnecting yourself from the surroundings, even if for a few minutes. Find a quiet spot to sit, close your eyes, and take a deep breath. Let all the anxiety and worries out of your body with each breath, and fill your lungs with hope and peace. This simple exercise is excellent when feeling anxious or helpless, and it will instantly put things in perspective.woman meditating on the top of the roof A happy and peaceful life is not a utopia Of course, a peaceful life doesn’t mean that all your problems will vanish, but it will give you the strength to face these challenges. When faced with a difficulty, don’t let disharmony and conflict overtake you. Instead, deal with the problems without letting them affect your life.Decide to change your life, and make a conscious choice to work for that change. You can live a peaceful life and be happier than ever, but it will not happen by magic!
Being a makeup artist is about so much more than just knowing how to do a face of makeup. Whether the world of YouTube beauty gurus has suddenly introduced you to something that you find fascinating, you know someone who loves being a makeup artist, or you’re just interested in the job, your interest in the makeup industry can lead you to a very promising career. You should consider numerous things before becoming a makeup artist, but here are five reasons why it’s a great career path.1. A flexible scheduleIf 9-to-5 jobs just aren’t your cup of tea, you’ll be right at home in the makeup world.
It’s true that individual gigs can sometimes be time-consuming and require a lot of energy, but you get to decide when you’re able to work and when you’re not. When someone contacts you and asks if you’re available, you can always say no if you wish, rather than being obligated to write it into your schedule. You can set your own hours based on whatever is happening in your life currently, and that freedom is priceless.2. Boundless creativityMakeup artists can have a variety of specialties, and you can decide what to do based on what you love doing. You might create special effects for movies, help brides look perfect for their big day, or style models for long shoots. Even better, the specialty that you pick when you first start out doesn’t have to be your only specialty. The skills you learn in a makeup artist program are applicable to a wide variety of specialties, so if bridal makeup starts to bore you, then you can easily move to model styling! It’s endlessly versatile, and that’s what makes it fun.3. A constant stream of interesting peopleEven if you’re not working with celebrities or doing special effects for the next blockbuster, you’re still going to meet all sorts of people as a makeup artist. The wide variety of people that you’ll meet ensures that your job will never be boring. If one of your clients grates on your nerves, you can rest easy in the knowledge that you won’t have to deal with that individual for very long. On the other hand, if you really hit it off with someone, you can exchange information and stay in touch with each other.4. Discounts on makeup suppliesunique discounts for makeup artistsnazarovsergey – stock.adobe.comAs a makeup artist, you have to supply your own makeup. That can definitely get expensive, but to offset some of those costs, many makeup companies offer discounts to people who’ve enrolled in or graduated from a makeup artist program. You can apply those discounts to your professional makeup collection, but your personal collection will benefit just as heavily from the steep discounts you can find at high-end makeup brands.5. Leaving an impact on peopleIt’s true that you’ll get criticism sometimes; some people will object to the way you’ve done something just because it doesn’t fit their personal tastes, and that can be difficult. However, for many makeup artists, the best part of the job is seeing someone’s face light up when seeing the finished makeup for the first time. No matter what your specialty is, how famous your client is, or what you’re styling for, seeing the smile on your client’s face will make all the work worth it.So, why should I become a makeup artist?Being a makeup artist requires a substantial amount of dedication, but it absolutely pays off in the end. You’ll get to see new things, meet new people, and embark on new
Something that most of us are familiar with and struggling to get out of it. Insomnia, a sleeping disorder which basically makes it difficult for us to fall asleep. Even if you sleep, you may not be in a peaceful deep sleep, you may find yourself getting up in the middle of the night which is caused by insomnia.
Insomnia leads to many health issues. It can be acute or chronic. Acute insomnia lasts for few days or weeks while chronic insomnia lasts for few months.
Acute insomnia maybe the result of temporary stress in a person. The person will recover after the stress is gone. Chronic insomnia maybe the result of long term depression or stress. It can also be because of medical conditions.
Symptoms
Symptom for insomnia is pretty straight forward. If you have trouble with sleep or your sleep schedule. You might be having insomnia. Some other obvious and direct symptoms are,
not being able to get peaceful sleep
waking up in the middle of the sleep
trouble falling asleep at night
being tired all the time because of lack of sleep
anxiety, depression
medical issues like headache or eye pain
These are some of the symptoms that I know and have experienced. Now let us get into the ways to prevent or to recover from insomnia disorder.
Causes and Prevention
One of the main causes for insomnia is the stress that we go through. It is like a part of our day to day life but we can do some things to get far from being stressed all the time. Try doing meditation to clear your mind and get some peace as well as sleep. Work, school, college are all important but being sunk into work 24/7 is definitely a way of inviting stress into our lives. While you make time for work, make time for self care as well. With that you can avoid lot of stress and get a good night sleep.
Not having a proper sleep schedule will lead to insomnia. If you get used to sleeping late at night there is no going back. So always fix a proper time for your night sleep and stick to it. Avoid mobiles and laptops for a minimum of 30 mins before sleeping. Messing with your sleep schedule will ruin your sleep and makes it very hard to bounce back to proper schedule.
Drama in England originated from religion. In the Middle Ages, church services were conducted in Latin which most of the congregation did not understand. The church wanted to provide people delight as well as spiritual uplift. The clergy, therefore, used to act episodes from the life of Christ or scenes from the Bible especially on special occasions like Christmas and Easter. Elaboration of the church ritual and liturgy became the earliest kinds of dramatic Performances. Soon the Latin dialogue was replaced by the vernacular. Later purely vernacular plays were composed. one of the earliest plays was ‘Adam’ . Such plays were performed within the church and the monks and priests participated as actors. As time passed the churches could not accommodate the large crowds that assembled to see the church plays. So the performances were taken outside into the areas surrounding the church. This change of locale and the introduction of the vernacular marked a breakaway from the church tradition. Drama, thus, became secular, more humorous, and less rigid. Soon dramatic performances were taken over by the town guilds and this tradition continued till the 16th century.
MIRACLES AND MYSTERIES:
The trade guilds produced a connected series or cycle of dramas under the supervision of the church. These plays dealt with scriptural events. By the 14th century, two types of drama came into existence – the miracles and the mysteries. The Miracle plays dealt with the lives of saints and the Mystery plays with themes taken from the Bible. They were shown at separate ‘stations’ in the town on wheeled theatres or stages drawn by horses. Actors were the members of the guilds; spectacular theatrical effects were produced on the stage; costumes were simple and humourous elements were provided. Four such cycles of Mystery plays are preserved today. These plays are chaotic in construction and the language used is often stilted. But the Mysteries gave the people of England a taste for theatrical shows and prepared the ground for the Elizabethan drama.
MORALITIES AND INTERLUDES:
By the middle of the 15th century, the drama began to show new trends. It substituted moral teaching for religious instruction. Characters were no longer Biblical figures but personified virtues and vices. A stock character was ‘vice’. These plays were called Moralities. The best known among them was ‘ Everyman’. The cardinal feature of the Moralities was the pursuit of Everyman by evil forces and his rescue by Conscience or Wisdom. These plays were poetic and imaginative. The thoughts and emotions of characters were personified and there was even some sense of construction and unity. Morality plays to mark the beginning of soul struggle which later became a marked trait of Elizabethan Drama. Two other important Morality plays were ‘ Mankind’ and ‘ The castle of Preservance’. Towards the close of the 15th century, a new form of drama called The Interlude appeared. It may be defined as a play midst other festivities. It was a transitional form of drama between Morality and Elizabethan drama. Interludes were marked by witty dialogue and discussion. The best writer of Interludes was John Heywood. His important interludes are ‘ The Play of the Weather’, ‘A Play of Love’ and ‘The Fours Ps’. Interludes were free from didacticism. There was a mixture of fun and rich sentiment in them. Comedy and farce began with the Interludes. Sir Thomas More and Rastell were two other important writers of interludes.
The one-act play is to drama what the short story is to the novel. A one-act play is not an abbreviated drama. It has its laws. The one-act play has a single plot; it is either pure comedy or pure tragedy. The action is confined to a single place and the number of characters is limited. The simplicity of design and immediate impact are its characteristics. The one-act play observes brevity in the plot, in character, and in dialogue. As a short play, it automatically fits into the classical framework of the unities. The very nature of a one-act play demands concentration. As a result, the heightened emotions of” the one-actor may be poetical or intensely realistic. When it is poetical, it transcends reality and throws over the audience the spell of illusion through the music of words and the deepening sentiments.
The History of the one-act play dates from the days of Mystery and Miracle plays. They were several little plays combined to form a Cycle. The interlude of the fifteenth century was also brief. The Short Play disappeared with the coming of the great Elizabethan playwrights and reappeared only by the end of the 19th century. In modern times, initially, the one-act play was used as a ‘ curtain raiser’ before a full-length play. But the audience generally ignored it. Later two or three one-act plays were presented on the same evening as in the case of James Barrie’s one-act plays. Shaw also could occasionally confine to the narrow limits of the one-act play as in ‘The Man of Destiny’ and ‘The Dark Lady of the Sonnets’. Another great writer of one-act plays was Noel Coward who wrote the famous ‘ Tonight at Eight-Thirty’. The plot in a one-act play is confined to the most essential point of the Story. In the famous one-act play ‘The Bishop’s Candle Sticks’, we have the central incident of the stealing of the candlesticks. Other details are introduced indirectly and in a limited manner. A one-act play uses only a limited time for its presentation. Its characters are limited in number and its dialogue observes the economy of words. The most important aspect of a one-act play is the central sentiment and its racy and crisp dialogue.
The writer of one-act plays does not have the freedom which a writer of full-length plays enjoys. The one-act play imposes severe restrictions on the author. He must present the story and characters with suggestive strokes. He must use the dialogue carefully. With all these restrictions, the one-act play can still be profound, poetic, and subtle as we find in yeat’s ‘ The Land of Heart’s Desire’ or in J.M. Synge’s ‘ Riders to the Sea’. Though one-act plays are best suited for the exposition of comic themes, there are excellent one-act plays with tragic themes also. W.W. Jacob’s ‘The Monkey’s Paw’ and Synge’s ‘Riders to the sea’ are examples. Today one-act plays are supported by amateur dramatic societies and school and college troups. Some of the outstanding modern one-act plays are John Drinkwater’s ‘The Storm ‘, Galsworthy’s ‘The Little Man’, A.A. Milen’s ‘ The Man in the Bowler Hat’, J.B.Priestly’s ‘Mothers Day’ and Stanley Houghton’s ‘ The Dear Departed ‘.
William Wordsworth records that his earliest verses were written at school and that they were ” a tame imitation of Pope’s Versification”. This is an interesting admission of the still surviving domination of the earlier poet. At the University, he composed some poetry, which appeared as An Evening Walk(1793) and Descriptive Sketches (1793). In style, these poems have little originality, but they already show the Wordsworthian eye for nature. The first fruits of his genius were seen in the Lyrical Ballads (1798), a joint production by Coleridge and himself, which was published at Bristol. Wordsworth had the larger share in the book. Some of his poems in it, such as The Thorn and The Idiot Boy, are condemned as being trivial and childish in style; a few, such as Simon Lee and Expostulation and Reply, are more adequate in their expression; and the concluding piece, Tintern Abbey, is one of the triumphs of his Genius.
The Prelude, which was completed in 1805 but not published until 1850, after Wordsworth’s death, is the record of his development as a poet. The Solitary Reaper, The Green Linnet, Ode on the Intimations of immortality, Resolution, and Independence, Ode to Duty; and the Sonnets dedicated to National independence and Liberty are of a quality that has led many critics to hail them as the finest sonnets in the language.
HIS THEORY OF POETRY:
In the preface to the second edition of the Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth set out his theory of poetry. It reveals a lofty conception of the dignity of that art which is ” the breath and finer spirit of all knowledge”, and which is the product of “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings,” taking its origin from ” emotion recollected in tranquility”. Wordsworthian dogma can be divided into two portions concerning ( a) subject and ( b) the style of poetry.
(a) Regarding subject, wordsworth declares his preference for ” incidents and situations from common life“: to obtain such situations, “humble and rustic life was generally chosen, because in that condition the essential passions of the heart find a better soil in which they can attain their maturity.
(b) Wordsworth’s views on poetical Style are the most revolutionary of all the ideas in this preface. He insists that his poems contain little poetic diction, and are written in ” a selection of the real language of men in a state of vivid sensation.
FEATURES OF HIS POETRY:
Some of the main features of Wordsworth’s poetry are a spiritual veneration for nature, a dislike for modernity, an interest in the individual and the imagination, a fascination with childhood, and the employment of common language. In his treatment of nature, however, he is not content merely to rejoice: he tries to see more deeply and to find the secret Springs of this joy and thanksgiving He strives to capture and embody in words such deep-seated emotions, but almost of necessity from the very nature of the case, with little success.His work exhibits many of the characteristics of Romantic poetry, including a disdain for the ugliness of modernity, a spiritual reverence for nature, an appreciation for childhood, a focus on the individual and the human mind.
Wordsworth was born at Cockermouth, a town that is actually outside the Lake District. His father, who was a lawyer, died when Wordsworth was thirteen years old. The elder Wordsworth left very little money, and that was mainly in the form of a claim on Lord Lonsdale, who refused outright to pay his debt, so that William had to depend on the generosity of two uncles, who paid for his schooling at Hawkshead, near lake Windermere. Subsequently, Wordsworth went to Cambridge, entering St John’s college in 1787. His work at the University was quite undistinguished and having graduated in 1791, he left with no fixed career in view. After spending a few months in London, he crossed over to France (1791) and stayed at Orleans and Blois for nearly a year. He returned to Paris in 1792, just, after the September massacres, and the sights and stories, that greeted, him there shook his faith in the dominant political doctrine. Even yet, however, he thought of becoming a Girondin, or moderate Republican, but his allowance from home was stopped, and he returned to England. with his sister Dorothy (henceforward his long-life companion), he settled in a little cottage in Dorset; then, having met Coleridge, they moved to Alfoxden, a house in Somersetshire, to live near him. It was there that the two poets took the Series of Walks the fruit of which was to be the Lyrical Ballads.
After a visit to Germany in 1789-99, the Wordsworths Settled in the Lake District, which was to be their home for the future. In turn, They occupied Dove Cottage, in TOWN END, GRASMERE (1799), ALLAN BANK (1808), GRASMERE PARSONAGE(1811), and lastly, the well-known residence of RYDAL MOUNT, which was Wordsworth’s home from 1813 till death. Shortly before he had moved to Rydal Mount, he received the sinecure of Distributor of stamps for Westmorland and was put out of reach of poverty. The remainder of his life was a model of domesticity. He was carefully tended by his Wife and Sister, who, with a zeal that was noteworthy, though it was injudicious, treasured every scrap of his poverty that they could lay their hands on. His great passion was for traveling. He explored most of the accessible parts of the continent and visited Scotland Several times. On the last occasion (1831) he and his daughter renewed their acquaintance with Scott at Abbotsford and saw the great novelist when he was fast crumbling into mental ruin.
Wordsworth’s poetry, which at first had been received with derision or indifference, was now winning its way, and recognition was general. In 1839, the Crown awarded him a pension of £300 a year; and on the death of Southey in 1843, he became Poet Laureate. Long before this time, he had discarded his early ideals and become the upholder of Conservatism. Throughout his life, however, he never wavered in his faith in himself and his immortality as a poet. He lived to see his own belief in his powers triumphantly justified. It is seldom indeed that such gigantic egoism is so amply and so justly repaid.
According to F.T.Wood, “Language is a refined human cry” which was used by Ancient Man Before the existence of words. Ancient Man used to cry or shout to express their emotions and thoughts. A language is a tool for communication that is used as a medium for the expression of thoughts. It is an outlet for emotions. There are two forms of language. (1.) A system of vocal symbols (Spoken). (2.) A system of symbols(Written).
WHAT IS THE SOURCES OF LANGUAGE ?
1. DIVINE SOURCES: According to the Bible and the Christian belief, Adam was the first man in the world. Thus he might be a speaker of the language and taught his children and it followed generation after generation in different forms of language.
2. CAVE ARTS: There are enormous sources of cave art that were found all over the world. Most of them were written/ drawn even thousands of centuries. F.T wood proposes cave art Might be one of the sources in the origin of language.
3. UNREFINED CRIES: A trivial movement of the mouth and breathing can produce audible sounds. So, In Ancient times, even though Man doesn’t know how to speak properly. He must have cried or laughed to call someone or express that he feared for something.
EVOLUTION OF LANGUAGE:
The evolution of language is the study of the development of language. The primary need of language is only to communicate. When people need to record a particular thing, they used written form or printing form Language is an evolutionary process that is not stable all the time and constantly changes from one period to another. For example Chaucer’s Age vs Modern Age. Changes in pronunciation, Grammar, and meaning are one of the evolution in language.
FOUR BASIC THEORIES OF LANGUAGE:
1. BOW-WOW THEORY: Bow-wow theory is defined by sounds. This theory was coined by Max Muller. Bow Wow theory hypothesis is the most popular but perhaps the most far-fetched hypothesis of all. It is the idea that human language and vocabulary originated as a form of imitation. Words are coined by the imitations are called onomatopoeia. For example, the imitation of animal sounds, such as bow wow for a dog’s bark or a-choo for a sneeze.
2. DING DONG THEORY: The Dingdong theory was adopted by German scholar Max Muller. This theory holds that the beginning of language is to be found in the sense of Rhythm. For example: whenever we try to push our car or let’s take a group of workers pushing some big rock will make sound like Ho Ho or Yo Yo .
3. POOH POOH THEORY: Pooh pooh theory was first proposed by Jean Jacques Rousseau. This theory holds that speech began with the intersection: Spontaneous cries of pain (“ouch”), Surprise(“oh!”), and other such emotions. Rousseau says that language is a refinement of pain, pleasure, Surprise, Wonders etc.
4. GESTURE THEORY: This theory was first produced by Wilhelm Wundt, and later restarted by Sir Richard Paget. In his Book, Human Speech which we may call the gesture theory. This theory states that Man first started using gestures to communicate. These gestures began to Accompany by sounds that eventually developed into a language.
When one starts a business with getting the most out of whatever they plan to work out ,only when all the decision regarding the assessment is taken with full potential and with the smart work .
When running a small business or startup its just common for any business to get a most out the the work handling , but it’s for the time being and one have to make plans . Plans are just must . It’s as important for one as the backup , as no profit so , even no loss and at some space it’s just get into the minds of many .
So , when it comes to run a small business marketing campaign that should not only work out but even succeed , its come to the effort of an individual which will not only attract them but even make them indulge in it goes with the initiative that exists outside of your ongoing marketing tasks will include the following :
To short out the end goal :
The end should always be assured before starting , as it will not only saves one’s time but even makes anyone to plan things according and increase the success rate .
• The goal should be decided :
Before going ahead to start a campaign , the aim of the campaign should be decided as what is actually the motive behind the compaign , weather its for the promotion of new product or to increase the sales or just rasing awareness about the product and brand , . The goal should be decided .
• The budget of the campaign should be decided :
As it will not only plan the things according but even reduce the pressure in the spot , .
Why can one afford could be easily be done by setting up the budget .
• The identification of the audience :
To target the audience came to be an important aspect , not it now depend on the campaign which is actually about , .
So the targeted audience could be child or adult .
• The channel of conversation :
The channel of conversation goes important as it’s the medium through one can lay out the message to the targeted audience . It can be TV, radio , or just a stage campaign .
• The result should always be Analysed :
The result from the starting till the end should be analysed and measures could be taken within time for any of the issues .And analysing should the whole campaign , As what was exciting part and what problems did one faced . Than how many customers attracted Should one will be organising it again ,
Well marketing campaign seems to be easy , but it takes a lot from not only the organiser but from every people involved in this and After a phase it will be successful
Organizing, like planning, must be a carefully worked out and applied process. This process involves determining what work is needed to accomplish the goal, assigning those tasks to individuals, and arranging those individuals in a decision‐making framework (organizational structure). The end result of the organizing process is an organization — a whole consisting of unified parts acting in harmony to execute tasks to achieve goals, both effectively and efficiently.
A properly implemented organizing process should result in a work environment where all team members are aware of their responsibilities. If the organizing process is not conducted well, the results may yield confusion, frustration, loss of efficiency, and limited effectiveness.
In general, the organizational process consists of five steps (a flowchart of these steps is shown in Figure 1):
1.Review plans and objectives.
Objectives are the specific activities that must be completed to achieve goals. Plans shape the activities needed to reach those goals. Managers must examine plans initially and continue to do so as plans change and new goals are developed.
2.Determine the work activities necessary to accomplish objectives.
Although this task may seem overwhelming to some managers, it doesn’t need to be. Managers simply list and analyze all the tasks that need to be accomplished in order to reach organizational goals.
3.Classify and group the necessary work activities into manageable units.
A manager can group activities based on four models of departmentalization: functional, geographical, product, and customer.
4.Assign activities and delegate authority.
Managers assign the defined work activities to specific individuals. Also, they give each individual the authority (right) to carry out the assigned tasks.
5.Design a hierarchy of relationships.
A manager should determine the vertical (decision‐making) and horizontal (coordinating) relationships of the organization as a whole. Next, using the organizational chart, a manager should diagram the relationships
Tabulation is a systematic and logical representation of numeric data in rows and columns to facilitate comparison and statistical analysis. It facilitates comparison by bringing related information close to each other and helps in statistical analysis and interpretation.
In other words, the method of placing organised data into a tabular form is known as tabulation. It may be complex, double, or simple, depending upon the nature of categorisation.
Objectives Of Tabulation:
(1) To simplify complex data
It reduces the bulk of information, i.e., it reduces raw data in a simplified and meaningful form so that it can be easily interpreted by a common man in less time.
(2) To bring out essential features of data
It brings out the chief/main characteristics of data.
It presents facts clearly and precisely without textual explanation.
(3) To facilitate comparison
The representation of data in rows and columns is helpful in simultaneous detailed comparison on the basis of several parameters.
(4) To facilitate statistical analysis
Tables serve as the best source of organised data for statistical analysis.
The task of computing average, dispersion, correlation, etc., becomes easier if data is presented in the form of a table.
(5) To save space
A table presents facts in a better way than the textual form.
It saves space without sacrificing the quality and quantity of data.
The above-mentioned concept is for CBSE Class 11 Statistics for Economics – Meaning and Objective of Tabulation. For solutions and study materials for Class 11 Statistics for Economics, visit BYJU’S or download the app for the best learning experience.
Exercise is one of the most important things you can do to combat stress.
It might seem contradictory, but putting physical stress on your body through exercise can relieve mental stress.
The benefits are strongest when you exercise regularly. People who exercise regularly are less likely to experience anxiety than those who don’t exercise .
There are a few reasons behind this:
Stress hormones: Exercise lowers your body’s stress hormones — such as cortisol — in the long run. It also helps release endorphins, which are chemicals that improve your mood and act as natural painkillers.
Sleep: Exercise can also improve your sleep quality, which can be negatively affected by stress and anxiety.
Confidence: When you exercise regularly, you may feel more competent and confident in your body, which in turn promotes mental wellbeing.
Try to find an exercises routine or activity you enjoy, such as walking, dancing, rock climbing or yoga.
Activities — such as walking or jogging — that involve repetitive movements of large muscle groups can be particularly stress relieving.
Certain supplements can reduce stress and anxiety, including ashwagandha, omega-3 fatty acids, green tea and lemon balm.
3. Light a candle
Using essential oils or burning a scented candle may help reduce your feelings of stress and anxiety.
Some scents are especially soothing. Here are some of the most calming scents:
Lavender
Rose
Vetiver
Bergamot
Roman chamomile
Neroli
Frankincense
Sandalwood
Ylang ylang
Orange or orange blossom
Geranium
Using scents to treat your mood is called aromatherapy. Several studies show that aromatherapy can decrease anxiety and i
4. Reduce your caffeine intake
Caffeine is a stimulant found in coffee, tea, chocolate and energy drinks. High doses can increase anxiety (10Trusted Source).
People have different thresholds for how much caffeine they can tolerate.
If you notice that caffeine makes you jittery or anxious, consider cutting back.
Although many studies show that coffee can be healthy in moderation, it’s not for everyone. In general, five or fewer cups per day is considered a moderate amount.
Stress and anxiety are common experiences for most people. In fact, 70% of adults in the United States say they feel stress or anxiety daily.
Here are 16 simple ways to relieve stress and anxiety.
Exercise is one of the most important things you can do to combat stress.
It might seem contradictory, but putting physical stress on your body through exercise can relieve mental stress.
The benefits are strongest when you exercise regularly. People who exercise regularly are less likely to experience anxiety than those who don’t exercise (1).
There are a few reasons behind this:
Stress hormones: Exercise lowers your body’s stress hormones — such as cortisol — in the long run. It also helps release endorphins, which are chemicals that improve your mood and act as natural painkillers.
Sleep: Exercise can also improve your sleep quality, which can be negatively affected by stress and anxiety.
Confidence: When you exercise regularly, you may feel more competent and confident in your body, which in turn promotes mental wellbeing.
Try to find an exercise routine or activity you enjoy, such as walking, dancing, rock climbing or yoga.
Activities — such as walking or jogging — that involve repetitive movements of large muscle groups can be particularly stress relieving.
SUMMARY
Regular exercise can help lower stress and anxiety by releasing endorphins and improving your sleep and self-image.
Several supplements promote stress and anxiety reduction. Here is a brief overview of some of the most common ones:
Lemon balm: Lemon balm is a member of the mint family that has been studied for its anti-anxiety effects (2Trusted Source).
Omega-3 fatty acids: One study showed that medical students who received omega-3 supplements experienced a 20% reduction in anxiety symptoms (3Trusted Source).
Ashwagandha: Ashwagandha is an herb used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat stress and anxiety. Several studies suggest that it’s effective (4Trusted Source).
Green tea: Green tea contains many polyphenol antioxidants which provide health benefits. It may lower stress and anxiety by increasing serotonin levels (5Trusted Source).
Valerian: Valerian root is a popular sleep aid due to its tranquilizing effect. It contains valerenic acid, which alters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors to lower anxiety.
Kava kava: Kava kava is a psychoactive member of the pepper family. Long used as a sedative in the South Pacific, it is increasingly used in Europe and the US to treat mild stress and anxiety (6Trusted Source).
Some supplements can interact with medications or have side effects, so you may want to consult with a doctor if you have a medical condition.
Caffeine is a stimulant found in coffee, tea, chocolate and energy drinks. High doses can increase anxiety (10Trusted Source).
People have different thresholds for how much caffeine they can tolerate.
If you notice that caffeine makes you jittery or anxious, consider cutting back.
Although many studies show that coffee can be healthy in moderation, it’s not for everyone. In general, five or fewer cups per day is considered a moderate amount.
SUMMARY
High quantities of caffeine can increase stress and anxiety. However, people’s sensitivity to caffeine can vary greatly.
One study showed that people who chewed gum had a greater sense of wellbeing and lower stress (11).
One possible explanation is that chewing gum causes brain waves similar to those of relaxed people. Another is that chewing gum promotes blood flow to your brain.
Additionally, one recent study found that stress relief was greatest when people chewed more strongly
Social support from friends and family can help you get through stressful times.
Being part of a friend network gives you a sense of belonging and self-worth, which can help you in tough times.
One study found that for women in particular, spending time with friends and children helps release oxytocin, a natural stress reliever. This effect is called “tend and befriend,” and is the opposite of the fight-or-flight response (13Trusted Source).
Keep in mind that both men and women benefit from friendship.
Another study found that men and women with the fewest social connections were more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety
A recent news report revealed that not a single girl was born in 132 villages in Uttarkashi district in Uttarakhand in the previous three months. Census 2011 had indicated that the child sex ratio of girls to boys (0-6 years) had deteriorated to 919 girls per thousand boys from 927 girls per 1000 boys in 2001. The adverse sex ratio is the result of a patriarchal mindset due to which families do not want to give birth to a daughter and raise her to fulfil her potential. How can we convince people of the importance of the girl child in India? How can we make everybody celebrate daughters? Girl Child Protection- the need for Beti Zindabad The struggle of a girl child begins even before the day she is conceived. In India, female foeticide is a worrying practice, as cheap abortion technology allows households to exercise their preference for sons over daughters. She is ‘lucky’ if she is allowed to be born. Even after birth, the girl child faces discrimination and oppression. She is not provided with proper nutrition compared to her male siblings, her education is not given much importance and in many cases, parents prefer that their sons continue schooling, and want their daughters to stay at home and do household work. After marriage, the trials faced by women do not end as she continues to face oppression and even violence in her marital home. We, at ActionAid Association, launched Beti Zindabad –a nation-wide campaign to tackle the adverse sex ratio. The campaign has grown since its inception and come to address a wide variety of issues of violence against women, the need to recognize and celebrate women’s place in the world of work, and efforts to ensure women’s access to the property, including housing and agricultural land. Through all our interventions at ActionAid Association, we seek to reach out to the women in the communities we work with. We encourage them to take up positions of leadership in the family and the community. When we support the creation of collectives or community-based organisations in these communities or in our partner civil society we actively look for strong women community leaders and empower them to take up key positions in these groups. Our allies and partners are encouraged to take pride in their daughters and value the contributions of the women in their communities. This can be seen through programmes like the Beti Utsav where communities celebrate the birth of a girl child amongst them. The Government is also concerned with declining child sex ratio and in 2015 it launched “Beti Bachao Beti Padhao” Scheme, to create awareness on the need to protect the girl child and focus on their education. We at ActionAid have welcomed this scheme and wish to support the government’s initiatives through our interventions. We seek to work with communities to celebrate the girl child and ensure the protection of the girl child. How can we save girl children in India? A girl smiling
Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, the architect of the Constitution of India has said, “I measure the progress of a community by the degree of progress which women have achieved.” A country that empowers women empowers every individual! We have to start with protecting the girl child, ensuring that her birth is greeted with joy and she receives all the care and love needed to grow to her full potential. As a woman, we need to work to ensure that she gets every opportunity to realise her potential. By celebrating, protecting and educating the girl child, we empower her. By empowering our daughters we empower their communities which means empowering the nation! We must start making significant steps in the following directions: Spread awareness and change mindsets to ensure that communities and families welcome and celebrate daughters. Education for all girl children. Create a safe environment for all women and support women’s resistance to violence. Mobilize society, private enterprise and the government to recognize and celebrate women in the world of work. Recognize, redistribute and reduce care work. Ensure decent work, fair and equal wages and a safe working environment for women. Ensure that women have access to the property, including house and land.
Junk food is the best example of an unbalanced diet categorised by a huge proportion of simple carbs, refined sugar, salt, saturated fat and with very low nutritional value. These foods are processed to a great extent where they almost lose all of their vital nutrients, fibre and water content. Junk food may be quite convenient, readily available on the go, cheap whereas healthy food is best for maintaining weight, getting an adequate amount of essential nutrients and for keeping you in good state of health.
Junk Vs Healthy Food
Healthy food refers to a whole lot of fresh and natural products such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and good fats that deliver your body with essential nutrients for carrying out several bodily processes, combat sickness and keep diseases at bay. Some of the healthy foods include apples, greens, carrots, oatmeal, whole grain, beans and legumes, fish, eggs, avocado, milk and milk products and olive oil to mention a few.
While, junk food is a highly processed food that is made up of ‘empty’ calories foods loaded with full of saturated fat, sugar and devoid of nutrients which neither helps the body to nurture, focus and perform vital functions all through the day. It includes packaged food products like chips, cookies, cakes, pastry, candy soda, ice-cream and a list of fast food items on the restaurant menus like pizza, pasta, burgers and French fries.
Why Is Healthy Food Better Than Junk Food?
When you consume a diet that is packed with natural fresh produce, it facilitates to lower the risk of several chronic disorders like cancer, obesity, cardiovascular problems, diabetes and many more. Furthermore, healthy foods are mostly low on calories and contain huge amounts of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and dietary fibrethat are well-known for promoting total well-being.
Advantages Of Healthy Foods
Healthy foods like fruits and veggies or whole grain cereals are a source of good dietary fibre. An adequate amount of fibre in the diet helps with delaying gastric emptying time, keep you satiated and prevent you from overeating. Fibre-rich foods also benefit to maintain the digestive system healthy and function effectively thereby lowering cholesterol and blood glucose level.
Lean meat, legumes and nuts packed with a complete source of protein in a balanced meal plan promotes growth and development, maintain muscle mass, repairs and build body tissues, promotes cell regeneration and proper functioning of the brain and nervous system.
Advantages Of Healthy Foods
Junk Food Vs Healthy Food: Advantages, Disadvantages And Healthier Food Choices
October 13, 2020
Many of us love greasy and sugary foods and for those used to eating junk food – cheese, deep-fried, sweetness loaded delicacies are an obsession of sorts.
Thanks to globalization, various junk foods belonging to global cuisine have crept into your daily diet plan in the last couple of decades leading to an increase in the rate of childhood obesity and the risk of developing chronic diseases like cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases etc.
If you ask, which one is better from the taste point of view, the battle between healthy food and junk food never ends. Mindful eaters might argue that nutritional food items are tastier too but when it comes to choosing between the two, junk food always win the race.
But why? Well, agree or disagree cravings are irresistible and unhealthy eating habits are actually a norm. We can kill our mid-day hunger pangs with an apple or a fistful of nuts, but most of us end nibbling upon a pile of French fries or pizza and even guzzle down fizzy drinks. It in fact, has become a mammoth task for these days parents in convincing their children to pick fresh veggies, fruits, nuts, salads, soups over these unhealthy and calorie loaded recipes.
What Is Junk Food?
Junk food is the best example of an unbalanced diet categorised by a huge proportion of simple carbs, refined sugar, salt, saturated fat and with very low nutritional value. These foods are processed to a great extent where they almost lose all of their vital nutrients, fibre and water content. Junk food may be quite convenient, readily available on the go, cheap whereas healthy food is best for maintaining weight, getting an adequate amount of essential nutrients and for keeping you in good state of health.
Why do we enjoy junk food so much when we know that it is unhealthy for us? Read through this article to get a clear view on how junk food impacts your health and the merits of consuming nutritional food items.
Junk Vs Healthy Food
Healthy food refers to a whole lot of fresh and natural products such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and good fats that deliver your body with essential nutrients for carrying out several bodily processes, combat sickness and keep diseases at bay. Some of the healthy foods include apples, greens, carrots, oatmeal, whole grain, beans and legumes, fish, eggs, avocado, milk and milk products and olive oil to mention a few.
While, junk food is a highly processed food that is made up of ‘empty’ calories foods loaded with full of saturated fat, sugar and devoid of nutrients which neither helps the body to nurture, focus and perform vital functions all through the day. It includes packaged food products like chips, cookies, cakes, pastry, candy soda, ice-cream and a list of fast food items on the restaurant menus like pizza, pasta, burgers and French fries.
Why Is Healthy Food Better Than Junk Food?
When you consume a diet that is packed with natural fresh produce, it facilitates to lower the risk of several chronic disorders like cancer, obesity, cardiovascular problems, diabetes and many more. Furthermore, healthy foods are mostly low on calories and contain huge amounts of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and dietary fibrethat are well-known for promoting total well-being.
Advantages Of Healthy Foods
Healthy foods like fruits and veggies or whole grain cereals are a source of good dietary fibre. An adequate amount of fibre in the diet helps with delaying gastric emptying time, keep you satiated and prevent you from overeating. Fibre-rich foods also benefit to maintain the digestive system healthy and function effectively thereby lowering cholesterol and blood glucose level.
Lean meat, legumes and nuts packed with a complete source of protein in a balanced meal plan promotes growth and development, maintain muscle mass, repairs and build body tissues, promotes cell regeneration and proper functioning of the brain and nervous system.
Healthy foods are basically unprocessed, low on calories and do not miss out on vital nutrients. Consuming a wholesome meal comprising of whole-grain cereal, legume, low-fat dairy –paneer or curd, veggies and fruit meets your daily demands of nutrition.
Natural food produce is low on saturated fat, trans fat and calories which help you to manage weight.
Incorporating a rich array of healthful foods imbued with dense nutrient profile safeguard your heart, maintain lipid profile, control blood pressure and blood sugar levels, avert the risk of inflammation, boost metabolism, promote smooth digestion process, bolster immunity and keep diseases at bay.
Yes, healthy food not only provides you with needed essential nutrients but also delivers you with a spectrum of health incentives which hold a significant role in uplifting your overall physical, mental and emotional well-being.
The perks of healthy food and cons of junk food are quite clear, making mindful choices with your meals and snacks will let you to focus and concentrate well throughout the day. As the body’s needs are met by nutritionally loaded food choices it will keep you satiated and content. Moreover, this averts untimely snacking or binge eating.
When kids prefer healthy food it ensures them to be more productive and efficient with time and memorize things they have learned, rather than being sleepy and reading the same things over and over again.
High fibre foods release energy slowly, whereas sugar laden foods offer you a sudden burst of energy. You may be tempted to reach for that pack of chocolates around afternoons but choose an apple with peanut butter or banana or carrot sticks with yoghurt for conferring you with sustained energy needed to accomplish your day task.
Overview and Early Life Milkha Singh, a legend in the history of Sports and Athletics was an Indian track and field sprinter born on 20th November, 1929. He was born in a Sikh family in Govindpura, a village 10 km from Muzaffargarh city in Punjab Province. He had 14 other siblings, eight of them died during the partition of India. Milkha was orphaned during the partition, when his parents were killed by a Muslim mobs in violence. He witnessed the killings. After seeing the deadly situation in Punjab, he decided to escape and came to Delhi, India in 1947 and lived with the family of his married sister for a short period of time. He was imprisoned in Tihar Jail for travelling in Train without ticket. His sister, Ishvar helped him in getting released. He spent his further some time at Refugee Camp , at Purana Quila and at a resettlement colony in Shahdara, both in Delhi. Milkha was discontented with his life and decided to become a dacoit, but was instead persuaded by his brother, Malkhan, to attempt to the recruitment to the Indian Army. He successfully gained entrance on his fourth attempt, in 1951, and while stationed at the Electrical Mechanical Engineering Centre in Secunderbad he was introduced to athletics. He had run the 10 km distance to and from school as a child and was selected by the army for special training in athletics after finishing sixth in a compulsory cross-country run for new recruits. Singh has acknowledged how the army introduced him to sport, saying that “I came from a remote village, I didn’t know what running was, or the Olympics”. International Career He was introduced to athletics and sports when he was recruited in Indian Army, at the Electrical Mechanical Engineering Centre in Secundarbad. He represented India in the 200 and 400 m competitions held in Olympics at Melbourne in 1956. In 1958, Singh set records for the 200m and 400m in the National Games of India, held at Cuttack, and also won gold medals in the same events at the Asian Games. He then won a gold medal in the 400m 2 / 3 (440 yards at this time) competition at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games with a time of 46.6 seconds. This latter achievement made him the first gold medalist at the Commonwealth Games from independent India. Before Vikas Gowda won the gold in 2014, Milkha was the only Indian male to have won an individual athletics gold medal at those Games. Jawaharlal Nehru tried to convince Milkha Singh to set aside his memories of his past during the Partition era, to focus on the to race successfully in 1960 against Abdul Khaliq in Pakistan, where a post-race comment by the then General Ayub Khan led to him acquiring the nickname of The Flying Sikh. At the 1962 Asian Games, held in Jakarta, Singh won gold in the 400m and in the 4 x 400m relay. He attended the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, where he was entered to compete in the 400m, the 4 x 100m relay and the 4 x 400m relay. He did not take part in either the 400m or the 4 x 100m relay and the Indian team of Milkha Singh, Makhan Singh, Amrit Pal and Ajmer Singh were eliminated when they finished fourth in the heat stages of the 4 x 400m. There have been claims that Singh won 77 of his 80 races, but these are spurious. The number of races in which he participated is not verified, nor is the number of victories, but he lost a 400m race at the 1964 National Games in Calcutta to Makhan Singh and he did not finish first in any of his four races at the 1960 Olympic Games or the aforementioned qualification races at the 1956 Olympics. Singh’s time in the 1960 Olympics 400m final, which was run on a cinder track, set a national record that stood until 1998 when Paramjit Singh exceeded it on a synthetic track and with fully automatic timing that recorded 45.70 seconds. Although Singh’s Olympic result of 45.6 seconds had been hand-timed, an electronic system at those Games had determined his record to be 45.73. Later Life Milkha was promoted from the rank of sepoy to junior commissioned officer in recognition of his successes in the 1958 Asian Games. He 3 / 3 subsequently became Director of Sports in Punjab Ministry of Education, a post he retired from in 1998. Milkha was awarded the Padma Shri, India’s fourth-highest civilian award, following his success in 1958. In 2001, he turned down an offer of the Arjuna Award from the Indian government, arguing that it was intended to recognize young sports people and not those such as him. He also thought that the Award was being inappropriately given to people who had little notable involvement as active sports people at all. He said that “I have been clubbed with sportspersons who are nowhere near the level that I had achieved” and that the award had become devalued. While sharing his wealth of experience in a college in Goa on 25 August 2014, he also said, “The awards nowadays are distributed like ‘prasad’ in a temple. Why should one be honored when he or she has not achieved the benchmark for the award? I rejected the Arjuna I was offered after I received the Padma Shri. It was like being offered an SSC [secondary school] certificate after securing a Masters degree.” All of Singh’s medals have been donated to the nation. They were displayed at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in New Delhi and later moved to a sports museum in Patiala, where a pair of running shoes that he wore in Rome are also displayed. In 2012, he donated the Adidas shoes that he had worn in the 1960 400m final to be sold in a charity auction organized by actor Rahul Bose. Milkha was admitted to the intensive care unit at Fortis Hospital in Mohali on 24 May 2021 with pneumonia caused by COVID-19. His condition was, for a while, described as stable, but he died on 18 June 2021 at 11:30 PM IST. His wife, Nirmal Kaur, had died a few days earlier on 13 June 2021, also due to COVID-19.
Most of us learn to base our self worth on comparison and competition . We think about succeeding in terms of someone else failing . Here, Balancing between both courage and consideration is required .when it comes to interpersonal leadership the more genuine character is the higher our level of proactivity, the more committed we are to win ,the more powerful influence will be.
In order to establish effective interdependent relationship we must commit to create in Win-Win situation that are mutually beneficial and satisfying to each party .
So one time Stephen was asked to work with a company whose president was very concerned about the lack of cooperation among his people . Stephen was told the basic problem of the company that the people are not cooperative .if this problem is solved, they would definitely be able to produce so much more . Stephen was said to help them to develop a human relations program that will solve this problem . When Stephen looked deeply into this, he found that there was real selfishness and unwillingness to cooperate, a resistant to Authority ,defensive communication .when he look into it ,he found out the reason behind This behaviour of the managers, is it because of the reward which is somewhere for not cooperating or well known that the reward are much more greater for the people who cooperate .
Covey noticed a chart on the wall of the office behind a curtain , were a numbers of racehorses all lined up on a track, super imposed on the face of each horse was the face of one of his managers ,at the end of the track was a beautiful travel poster of Bermuda , once in a week the president use to show them this chart and discuss about cooperation ,about working together and to make more money by their efforts and will asking about the one who is going to win the trip to Bermuda. It was like telling one flower to grow and watering another. he wanted cooperation , he wanted his people to work together to share idea to all benefit from the effort ,but he was setting them up in a competition with each other .One manager’s success means failure for the other managers.
The problem in this company was the result of a flawed paradigm .The president was trying to get the fruits of the cooperation from a paradigm of competition and when it didn’t work he wanted a technique , a program ,a quick fix antidote to make his people cooperate. But you can’t change the fruit without changing the root working on the attitude and behaviour would have been hacking at the leaves so we focused instead on producing personal and organisational excellence in an entirely different way by developing information and reward system with reinforced the value of cooperation.
Whether you are the president of a company or the janitor , the moment you step from Independence to interdependence in any capacity, you step into a leadership role you were in a position of influencing other people and the habit of the effective interpersonal leadership is think Win-Win.
This habit is about working in collaboration with others and not competitively it’s about getting the most out of every relationship you have ,it is where two people form a group because the value gained from sharing ideas thinking collaboratively and finding the winner is so significant developing this habit in was consistently thinking of others ,considering their values and ensuring their thoughts and feelings are at the forefront of your mind. In doing this you can ensure that your behaviour is appropriate given the time in situation and you can work with that person without any healthy conflict or upset but it’s not just about being emphatic it require confidence courage and openness as well.
Stephen covey states that in order to manage our relationship with others effectively we need think win /win . beyond being a technique it is a philosophy .
According to the author there are six Paradigms of human interaction:
1.win / win : all of the parties win agreements and solution are mutually beneficial to everyone involved . With a win/win solution , all parties feel good about the decision and feel committed to the action plan . It sees life as a cooperative , not a competitive arena .
2. win / lose : if I win ,you lose,” win lose people tend to use their power positions and authority to get their way . One alternative to win/win is win/lose, the paradigm of the race to Bermuda . Most people have been deeply scripted in win/lose mentally since birth . There is a place for win/lose thinking truly competitive and low trust situation . But most of our life is not a competition, most of life is an interdependent , reality .most result depend on cooperation between people . And the win/lose mentality is dysfunction to that cooperation .
3. Lose /win : the other way around – “I loose ,you win “. This is the paradigm of people pleasing . Lose – win people seek popularity and validation . Lose/win is worse than win/lose because it has no standards , no demand , no expectation, no vision . People who think lose/win are usually quick to please or appease. Both win/lose and lose /win are weak position , based in personal insecurities.
4. Lose/ lose : both people lose, this happens when two win-lose people get together both of whom as stubborn and ego invested if the philosophy of conflict and war. Lose/lose is also the philosophy of the highly dependent person without inner direction who is miserable and thinks everyone should be too “ if nobody ever wins , perhaps being a loser isn’t bad.”
5. Win / simply think win : people with the wind mentality don’t necessarily want others to lose its is relevant they just want to get what they want. When there is no sense of contest or competition . Win is probably the most common approach in everyday negotiation .
6. Win /win or no deal: if you can’t reach a mutually beneficial agreement then there is no deal. .According to convey , ideal paradigm is to always think Win-Win in any and all situation .As it helps to create better relationship and build character.But many times “it depend” .if you win a football game , that means the other team loses .If you work in a regional office that is miles away from another regional office , and you don’t have a functional relationship between the offices , you may want to complete in a Win/lose situation to stimulate business. However ,you would not want to set up a win /lose situation like the “race to Bermuda” contest within a company or in a situation where you need cooperation among people or groups of people to achieve maximum success . If you value a relationship and the issue isn’t that really important , you may want to go for lose/win in some circumstances to genuinely affirm the other person. Than even you might go for lose/win if you feel the expenses of time and effort to achieve a win of any kind would violate other higher values. Maybe it isn’t worth it .
To best choice , than depends on reality. The challenge is to read the reality accurately and not to translate win/lose or other scripting into any situation .
Five dimensions of win win
1. Character
Covay identifies three traits that he considered essential to win win paradigm
1. Integrity
There’s no way to go for win win in our own lives if we don’t even know in a deep sense what constitutes a win, what is in fact harmonious with our innermost values .and if we can’t make and keep commitments to ourselves as well as others, our commitment become meaningless.
2. Maturity
Maturity Is the balance between courage and consideration. if I am high on courage and low on consideration, how will I think win/ lose .if I am high and consideration and low on courage, I will think lose /win the basic task of leadership is to increase the standard of living and the quality of life for all stakeholders.
3. Abundance
The abundance mentality ,is the flow out of a deep inner sense of personal worth and security . It is a paradigm that there is plenty out there and enough to spare for everybody. it result in sharing prestige, or recognition of profit,of decision making.
2. Relationship
Without trust the best we can do is compromise ; without trust ,we lack the credibility for open, mutual learning and communication and real creativity. This especially true when dealing with someone who has a win /loss paradigm. We have to plan a communicate more and do so with genuine courtesy, respect, and appreciation for that person .even when the point of view clashes with our own .it is also important to listen with great depth not just to hear the word but to really understand the root of other person worldview .
3. Agreement
Covey provides five element for creating win /win agreement.
• Desired result – identify what is to be done and when.
• Guidelines – specify the parameters within which results are to be accomplished.
• Resources – identify the human, financial, technical ,or organizational support available to help accomplish the results .
• Accountability- set up the standard of performance and the time of evaluation.
• Consequences- specify good and bad ,natural and logical what does and will happen as a result of the evaluation
4. System
If you want to achieve the goals and reflect the values in your mission statement ,then you need to align the reward system with these goals and values .It does not matter whether dealing with a business, community, family etc .If cooperation is the goal, the reward system must line up accordingly.
5. Processes
By processes , covey appears to mean , to solve the problem . There is a four step process covey suggest :
• See the problem from the other point of view. Really seek to understand and to give expression to the needs and concern of the other party as well as or better than they can themselves.
• Identify the key issue and concern(not position ) involved.
• Determine what results would constitute a fully acceptable solution.
• Identify possible knew options to achieve those result .
In the atmosphere, because ecosystems play a key role in the global carbon cycle and in adapting to climate change, while also providing a wide range of ecosystem services that are essential for human well-being and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Biodiversity can support efforts to reduce the negative effects of climate change. Conserved or restored habitats can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, thus helping to address climate change by storing carbon (for example, reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation). Moreover, conserving in-tact ecosystems, such as mangroves, for example, can help reduce the disastrous impacts of climate change such as flooding and storm surges. Ecosystem-based Adaptation Ecosystem-based adaptation, which integrates the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services into an overall adaptation strategy, can be cost-effective and generate social, economic and cultural co-benefits and contribute to the conservation of biodiversity. Conservation and management strategies that maintain and restore biodiversity can be expected to reduce some of the negative impacts from climate change; however, there are rates and magnitude of climate change for which natural adaptation will become increasingly difficult. Options to increase the adaptive capacity of species and ecosystems in the face of accelerating climate change include: Reducing non-climatic stresses, such as pollution, over-exploitation, habitat loss and fragmentation and invasive alien species. Wider adoption of conservation and sustainable use practices including through the strengthening of protected area networks. Facilitating adaptive management through strengthening monitoring and evaluation systems. Ecosystem-based adaptation uses biodiversity and ecosystem services in an overall adaptation strategy. It includes the sustainable management, conservation and restoration of ecosystems to provide services that help people adapt to the adverse effects of climate change. Examples of ecosystem-based adaptation activities include: Coastal defence through the maintenance and/or restoration of mangroves and other coastal wetlands to reduce coastal flooding and coastal erosion. Sustainable management of upland wetlands and floodplains for maintenance of water flow and quality. Conservation and restoration of forests to stabilize land slopes and regulate water flows. Establishment of diverse agrofo
Two frogs:A group of frogs was traveling through the woods and two of them fell into a deep pit. When the other frogs saw how deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were as good as dead. The two frogs ignored the comments and tried to jump up out of the pit with all their might. The other frogs kept telling them to stop, that they were as good as dead. Finally, one of the frogs took heed to what the other frogs were saying and gave up. He fell down and died.The other frog continued to jump as hard as he could. Once again, the crowd of frogs yelled at him to stop the pain and just die. He jumped even harder and finally made it out. When he got out, the other frogs said, “Did you not hear us?” The frog explained to them that he was deaf. He thought they were encouraging him the entire time.
Moral: There is power of life and death in the tongue. An encouraging word to someone who is down can lift them up and help them make it through the day. So be careful of what you say. Speak life to those who cross your path. The power of words… it is sometimes hard to understand that an encouraging word can go such a long way.
General science or Science in general is a systematic enterprise, which builds and organizes information and knowledge in the form of verifiable explanations and predictions about the world in general. This body of knowledge is well researched and documented with sufficient evidence. Though, science is usually categorized into: physical, chemical, medical, and life sciences, all these broad areas of science are directly or indirectly linked to natural sciences, as all of them discuss the various natural phenomena of this planet and the universe as a whole. While physical sciences encompass a vast variety of disciplines including physics, chemistry, astronomy, and related subjects, life sciences talks at length about microorganisms (prokaryotic and eukaryotic), plants, animals, and marine life on the earth. Industrialization and associated advancements in the science and technology, have resulted in immense growth in all fields of science including, medicine, engineering, and communication.
Political Science and International Relations are complementary and inter-related disciplines that explore power and politics in many different contexts. They provide concepts with which to explain, justify and critique the modern world. They examine ideologies such as colonisation and socialism. They explore systems of ideas like the new right, religious fundamentalism, and postmodernism. They analyse social movements that call for justice, development, gender equality or environmental protection. They help us to understand processes of electoral competition, government, and policy- making in New Zealand and a range of other countries across the world. They uncover the structures and motivations behind cooperation, conflict and war in the international system. They dig into issues of power, conflict, diplomacy, arms control, democracy, revolution, terrorism, developmental politics, civil society, human rights, foreign policy, humanitarian aid, and the international political economy.
Globalisation links people, cultures and countries much more closely than they have ever been. International Relations studies the relationships among countries and the roles of governmental and non-governmental organisations and multi-nationals. In an increasingly inter-connected world, people who understand and can work with these complex relationships have a significant advantage.
WHY STUDY POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS?
Studying these disciplines brings many benefits. There is the personal satisfaction and social confidence that comes from training your brain and raising your understanding of not only world events but also the events of daily life. Being able to step back and see a larger (political) process at work is very empowering at an individual level. It can take the sting out of tense or emotional situations and provide you with strategies that enable you to behave constructively and proactively. Being able to rise above difficulties and move on is enormously valuable in any work environment, particularly when professional issues or competing interests are involved.
Political Science and International Relations are embedded not only in social processes and group dynamics, but also different cultural realities. This raises your sensitivity to the taken-for-granted aspects of cultural experience, making you more open to different points of view and value systems. The ability to move comfortably within and between different cultures and political systems is fundamental to international business and trade activities, development support, humanitarian aid and peacekeeping missions. People with this kind of understanding are more likely to be successful in multi-national corporations and professional practices, non-government organisations (NGOs) such as aid agencies, and government agencies including diplomatic services and defence forces. They are also valuable ‘at home’ working in organisations where cultural or ethnic identity has a relationship with other social or political processes.
Both Political Science and International Relations are linked to the media and public perceptions and these connections are studied specifically. Those able to work with spin, impression management and damage control techniques, either for the purpose of debunking them or doing them convincingly, are also dealing with deeper issues of truth, accuracy and the right to know. These issues underpin many political, social and educational institutions, business enterprises and systems of justice, particularly where public accountability is a requirement.
Public administration, the implementation of government policies. Today public administration is often regarded as including also some responsibility for determining the policies and programs of governments. Specifically, it is the planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling of government operations.
Food is one of the most common products for human beings. It is a basic source of survival. Today where people are at home or office or maybe at the spot of exchange, online food is one of the best and most productive ways for ordering as well as to satiate the hunger.
. Shopping for food online is a different thing from shopping for other things. Despite most of the population who, are dependent on online food services, many people Or consumers are still concern about the food safety of online food products.
Even where the internet has directly given a positive impact on consumers to get a better amount of satisfaction towards its easy access. However, even today, many factors are affecting the consumer Behaviour towards it, that involve, the prices, the accessibility, the preferences of the individual.
In this running world, online shopping is the only thing that is preferred with a believe of getting most out of whatever people need .
But whenever the term arises for shopping or ordering food products online their attitude lead to An arena in terms of their psychological state in terms of making purchases on internet .
Well , its all depend upon , identifying the problem of deciding to make purchases which are always based on there ever – evolving expectations and need .
Online
Online food products
Online shopping
3. Introduction :
With an advancement of internet, the extension of the online food services has been boosted enabling people to search , compare prices and access to these services conveniently .When compared to physical presence the consumers are more satisfied towards the services provided by online food delivery service and with its products .
In today’s words , the industry are providing a services leading to its 70% in gross domestic product .Nowadays , many online food portal provide the better usage of facilities provided by the restaurant .
Many people , just from the start of the child to an working professional is accustomed to ordering the food for breakfast , lunch , dinner which is rapidly increasing in the metropolitan cities in the country .
One of the reason was for the maximum convenience and transparency .To get through to consumer needs , the person involve in the online food servicing business constrain up with providing with increase facilities and services to them . With an updated knowledge of ones expectations will enable the firm to retain the customers to the greater extent .
The process of delivering a food from a restaurant with the help of cooperative web page created involves in online food ordering , as it takes place .Payment of which is made with either the credit cards and with the availability of cash on delivery. So basically, it’s a platform to reach a customer with their right preferences and their needs .
So , with a growing online, platform to ordered the food products is increasing with the fast pace . Due to the development in the cities and urbanization . Especially with the continuous arrival of professionals the online food products, service segment is now thriving at a Sizzling pace , some of the online food services includes food panda , Zomato , swiggy , just eat etc .
Even the customers , attraction towards the advertisement squeeze their time making them attracted towards it leading to of the factors for increasing sales and buying preferences . Even the most convenient method opted for their attraction was cash on delivery . It get easily delivered their home and with an easily assess to it putting a Breakout time free zone , buy just a top of their Smartphone which get them food home .
The recent creativeness offer online food servicing accent kept them fascinating towards it , Which involves :
Facebook ordering
Mobile ordering
Online coupons
One and only smartphones .
4. Following questions are asked while doing research :
1. Why people are more prone to buy online food products?
2. What factors are affecting customers to purchase or order food online?
3. Why are people so attracted towards buying online food products ?
4. How often customer go ahead to order online food products?
5.OBJECTIVES :-
1. changing attitude of customers from buying food from restaurants to buying
food online .
2. To study which segment is prone towards buying online food products.
3. To know the reason for preference towards online buying of food.
4. To analyse the level of satisfaction towards the consumption or purchase of online food.
Questionnaire
1.Name (optional)
2. Gender :- Male, Female, Other
3. Age group :- 0-10 , 10-20 , 20-above
4. Occupation :- Student , Professional, Other.
5. Education :- Schooling, Graduation, Post graduation, Other.
6. How often do you order online food products :- Regularly, Sometimes, Never.
8. Do you think buying of food online is an effective substitute? :- Yes, No
9. Are you aware of various online portals that provides the platform to purchase food
online? :- Yes, No
10. If not why don’t you prefer buying food online? :- Quality issues, price, taste, Other ___
11. Which online method do you prefer :- Facebook ordering, Smartphone ordering, Digital Menu Board, Other ____
12. Which online portal do you prefer :- Zomato, Swiggy, Just eat , Other ____
8. OBSERVATIONS AND FINDINGS :–
Maximum of the respondents are in our survey is students who are pursuing graduation .
Most of the respondents are from 10- 20 years of age.
Maximum of the respondents are aware about online food products and their services.
Most of the respondents prefer online food products.
Maximum of the respondents are choosing to buy online food products and services for quality.
Most of the respondents said that the online food products are meeting their expectations.
9 . Conclusion :
When compared to physical presence the respondents are satisfied with buying online food products .Main reason for the purchase of food products online comes here as to sometime , and with convenient access to it. Both male and female have the same type of behaviour towards liking and purchasing physically . Many of them are students pursuing graduation .Many buyers are attracted towards the advertisement and fascinated towards a delivery faculty at home or the work place. Where main reason for dislike of the food products goes is, the inability to touch and feel the product utmost.
Well all after the other ,a good way of network mainly in this pace of running life. It takes consumer ,all their psychological thinking with a better expectations. Last but not the least is about the new online portals and credit cards give them a one tap access to whatever they are in need. So, it’s a medium of far more accessible than on wandering for it physically providing them comfort zones.
Internet Slangs With the increase of use of social media and chatting apps, there also has been an increase in the usage of slangs in the conversations. Internet slangs are basically the unofficial forms of language used among peers or in informal conversations. Since, these slangs are constantly being updated, here are some widely used internet slangs:
Health is wealth: this is an adage that is forever true. We are living in an age where everyone lives life in the fast lane. People want to get everything done quickly and on the go. Unfortunately, this attitude is also being applied to our eating habits, which has given rise to fast foods, aka. junk foods.
Of course, junk foods are extremely tasty and offer you a palatable taste and quickly satiate your hunger. They are easily available and have the ability to suit a wide variety of taste buds. But, taste is not everything, and researchers have pointed out that a diet consisting primarily of junk food can lead to many health problems.
Avoiding junk food once you’re used to it can be very difficult, but certainly not impossible. There are many healthy alternatives to junk food that can satisfy your palate as well as provide the essential nutrients that are required for the smooth functioning of the body and mind.
Adopting a diet that is free of junk food brings about many benefits such as weight loss, stronger bones, better digestion, sharper memory and a healthy heart. So, ditch that urge for fast food and hop on to the healthy-eating bandwagon.
What Is Junk Food?
Junk food is the best example of an unbalanced diet categorised by a huge proportion of simple carbs, refined sugar, salt, saturated fat and with very low nutritional value. These foods are processed to a great extent where they almost lose all of their vital nutrients, fibre and water content. Junk food may be quite convenient, readily available on the go, cheap whereas healthy food is best for maintaining weight, getting an adequate amount of essential nutrients and for keeping you in good state of health.
Junk Food Vs Healthy Food: Advantages, Disadvantages And Healthier Food Choices
October 13, 2020
Many of us love greasy and sugary foods and for those used to eating junk food – cheese, deep-fried, sweetness loaded delicacies are an obsession of sorts.
Thanks to globalization, various junk foods belonging to global cuisine have crept into your daily diet plan in the last couple of decades leading to an increase in the rate of childhood obesity and the risk of developing chronic diseases like cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases etc.
If you ask, which one is better from the taste point of view, the battle between healthy food and junk food never ends. Mindful eaters might argue that nutritional food items are tastier too but when it comes to choosing between the two, junk food always win the race.
But why? Well, agree or disagree cravings are irresistible and unhealthy eating habits are actually a norm. We can kill our mid-day hunger pangs with an apple or a fistful of nuts, but most of us end nibbling upon a pile of French fries or pizza and even guzzle down fizzy drinks. It in fact, has become a mammoth task for these days parents in convincing their children to pick fresh veggies, fruits, nuts, salads, soups over these unhealthy and calorie loaded recipes.
What Is Junk Food?
Junk food is the best example of an unbalanced diet categorised by a huge proportion of simple carbs, refined sugar, salt, saturated fat and with very low nutritional value. These foods are processed to a great extent where they almost lose all of their vital nutrients, fibre and water content. Junk food may be quite convenient, readily available on the go, cheap whereas healthy food is best for maintaining weight, getting an adequate amount of essential nutrients and for keeping you in good state of health.
Why do we enjoy junk food so much when we know that it is unhealthy for us? Read through this article to get a clear view on how junk food impacts your health and the merits of consuming nutritional food items.
Junk Vs Healthy Food
Healthy food refers to a whole lot of fresh and natural products such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and good fats that deliver your body with essential nutrients for carrying out several bodily processes, combat sickness and keep diseases at bay. Some of the healthy foods include apples, greens, carrots, oatmeal, whole grain, beans and legumes, fish, eggs, avocado, milk and milk products and olive oil to mention a few.
While, junk food is a highly processed food that is made up of ‘empty’ calories foods loaded with full of saturated fat, sugar and devoid of nutrients which neither helps the body to nurture, focus and perform vital functions all through the day. It includes packaged food products like chips, cookies, cakes, pastry, candy soda, ice-cream and a list of fast food items on the restaurant menus like pizza, pasta, burgers and French fries.
Why Is Healthy Food Better Than Junk Food?
When you consume a diet that is packed with natural fresh produce, it facilitates to lower the risk of several chronic disorders like cancer, obesity, cardiovascular problems, diabetes and many more. Furthermore, healthy foods are mostly low on calories and contain huge amounts of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and dietary fibrethat are well-known for promoting total well-being.
Advantages Of Healthy Foods
Healthy foods like fruits and veggies or whole grain cereals are a source of good dietary fibre. An adequate amount of fibre in the diet helps with delaying gastric emptying time, keep you satiated and prevent you from overeating. Fibre-rich foods also benefit to maintain the digestive system healthy and function effectively thereby lowering cholesterol and blood glucose level.
Agriculture is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities.
There are some basic agricultural practices for crop production -:
Soil preparation
Sowing
Adding manure & fertilizer
Irrigation
Weeding
Crop protection
Harvesting
Storage
Soil preparation
Soil is prepared before sowing the seeds. The soil is loosened to increase the absorption of water and manures. Loosening of soil particles adds humus and nutrients in the soil that increases crop yields. Tilling or loosening the soil is done by ploughs which are pulled by a pair of bulls.
Tools used
Hoe, cultivator , plough
Sowing –
Sowing is a process of planting seeds into the soil. … All these precautions are essential for seed germination – the process of seeds developing into new plants.
Why freedom of press is important? A fundamental need for a democratic society is free press. Freedom of speech is a universal human right. Without fundamental right India would just be another one of the countries like Syria, North Korea and cretain African countries, where there is still dictatorship and one party rule. Jawaharlal Nehru said “I would rather have a completely free press, with all dangers involved in the wrong use of that freedom,than the suppressed or regulated press.” In union of India vs association for democratic reforms the supreme court observed that freedom of speech and expression includes right to impart and receive information which includes freedom to hold opinion. Freedom of press has three essesntial elements. 1. Freedom of access to all sources information 2. Freedom of publication 3. Freedom of circulation. The constitution of India gives us the ability to express what we want to say. This is called freddom of speech and expression.But it doesn’t really mean that what we can say or do whatever we want.Freedom of press is not specifically mentioned in article 19(1)(a). However it was made clear by the drafting committee that the press and an individual or a citizen were the same as far as their expression was concerned. In fact the constitution of India enforces a few terms and conditions that come along with this called “reasonable retrictions” This is expressed in article(19)(2) which lists eight restrictions that limits this freedom. 1. SECURITY OF THE STATE Speeches which insite or encourage the commission of violent crimes comes under threat to the security of state. Eg: for rebellion, war against the state, breaches of pubic safety etc 2. FRIENDLY RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN STATE To prohibit unrestrained malicious propaganda against a friendly state which could jeopardize the good relations between the two states. 3. PUBLIC ORDER Implies absence of violence and an orderly state of affairs in which citizens can peacefully pursue their normal avocation of life. Thus creating internal disorder or rebellion would affect public order. Law punishing utterences made with the deliberate intention to hurt the relegious feelings of any class of person is valid because it imposes a restriction on the right of free speech in the interest of public order. Since such kind of speech or writing has the tendency to create public disorder 4. DECENCY OR MORALITY Sections 292 and 294 of Indian penal code provides instances of restrictions on the freedom of speech amd expression in the interest of decency or morality. These sections prohibit the sale or distribution or exhibition of obscene words etc in public places. 5. CONTEMPT OF COURT Restriction on the freedom of speech and expression can be imposed if it exceeds the reasonable and fair limit and amounts to contempt of court. 6. DEFAMATION A statement which injures a man’s reputation, amounts to defamation. Defamation consists in exposing a man to hatred, ridicule or contempt. 7. INCITEMENT TO AN OFFENCE Freedom of speeech and expression cannot confer a right to incite people to commit offences. 8. SOVEREIGNTY AND INTEGRITY OF STATE The main purpose is to guard the freedom of speech and expression from being used to assail the sovereignty and integrity of the state.
A free press has a huge responsibility of reporting the truth and shaping people’s opinions. Responsible Journalism must be practiced to stop people from spreading hate and maintaining the harmony of a country.
Thank you for staying connected During my pathetic plights and sleepless nights Thank you for lending your shoulder For my rivers of tear and bundles of fear Thank you for taking an extra mile To bring a pile of smile in my face Thank you for putting your hands together To dry up my tear and fly up higher Thank you for teaching me Not to be scared to fall or to fail Thank you for loving me In times of good and times of bad Thank you for accepting me as your sister And being my problem duster Life is worth living again under your arms To the infinity and beyond ❤ -Ur lil sis
The education system in Victorian England (1910’s)
THE VICTORIAN ERA:
The period of British history when Queen Victoria ruled; includes the entire second half of the nineteenth century, a time when Britain was the most powerful nation in the world. The Victorian period was known for a rather stern morality.
The importance of Education was not fully realised by the people of England Before the Nineteenth century. There was no state Educational system for the common people, and the Majority of the working class was completely Illiterate. Different sections of people followed Different Systems and Standards.
SCHOOLS IN EARLIER PERIOD:
In the earlier period, there were many kinds of Schools in England. The only schools available for the working Classes were three Kinds-dame schools, the schools supported by private subscription, and the charity and Sunday schools. the only aim of these schools was to save the soul of men and women by bringing them up a Bible reading, evangelical Christians. Primary education of the poor was neglected in England. The secondary education of the well-to-do underwent remarkable Development. children of the upper and middle class went to the public schools which were founded by kings and town corporations in the earlier centuries.in many villages (dames) old women taught the children the alphabet for a small fee.
Dr.ARNOLD’S EDUCATION SYSTEM:
Dr.Thomas Arnold, the illustrious Headmaster of Rugby and Father of the poet Mathew Arnold. He focused on the Moral Education of the Boys. He emphasized the study of religion and introduced the monitoring system for maintaining discipline among students. He retained the practice of flogging and he insisted on the right to expel any boy. Arnold introduced the modern history, geography, and modern languages.
GLADSTONE’S EDUCATION ACT:
Gladstone’s education act made provision for the establishment of a school board in every District. Gladstone’s government made attendance at elementary schools compulsory. The school board must provide education for children between the ages of five and twelve. This education was cheap but not free, Elementary Education improved after1870. Some of the famous schools founded by Arnold were Eton, Harrow, Rugby, and Westminster.
BOARD OF EDUCATION:
A Royal Commission was appointed to study the system of education in the country. The board of education was established in 1899. Something more effective was done by Prime Minister, Arthur James Balfour. His Education act of 1902 was established. this act insisted that elementary education was restricted to children under fifteen. For older children, Central schools were started. An education committee was set up to look into the running of schools. Training colleges for teachers were set up to improve the teaching methods.
DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN EDUCATION:
During the Victorian period, There was a great development in women’s education. Some of the examinations of Oxford and Cambridge were opened to girls as well as boys. In 1848, Queen’s college for women was established and it was followed by Bedford and Cheltenham College. London University gave it’s degree to women for the first time in 1879. The Victorian Age is a “Golden Age to every woman and Middle class and poor class people in England .
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