NMC Horizon Report Summary

I was re-reading the Horizon Report the other day when it occurred to me that it could be easily summarised. This has helped me consolidate the main elements of the article in my own mind. It is always interesting to reflect on where your school or region is at in this whole process. I hope this is helpful for you too. Please feel free to use and share.

Education :the biggest tool for progress

Education is very important tool for everyone to succeed in life and get something different.

help a lot in lessening the challenges of life. Knowledge gained through out the education periods enables each and every individual confident about their life. It opens various door to the opportunities of achieving better prospects in life so promote career growth. Many awareness programmes has been run by the government has been run enhance the value of education is in rural areas. It brings feelings of equality among all people in the society and promotes growth and development of the country.

Education plays a role in the modern technology world. Now a days there are many ways to enhance the educational level. The whole criteria of education have been changed now. We can study through the distance learning programs after 12 standard together with the job. Education is not so costly anyone with less money may study continuously. We can get admission in the big and popular universities with fewer fees the distance of learning. Other small training institutes are providing education to enhance the skill level in particular field education is must for both men and women equally as both together make a healthy educated society. It is an essential tool for getting bright future as well as plays a most important role in the development and progress of the country. Citizen of the country became responsible for the better future and development of the country. Highly educated people become the base of the developed country so proper education makes the bright future of both the individual and the country. So, proper education makes the bright future of both the individual and the country it is only educated leaders who build the nation and lead it to the height of success and progress. Education makes people as perfect and noble as possible.

Good education give many purpose to the life such as enhancement of the personal advancement increase social status increased social health economical progress success to the nation set goals of Life make us a way to work towards many social issues and give solution to solve environmental problem and other related issue. Now a days education has become very simple and easy because of the implementation of distance learning program. Modern education system is fully capable to remove the social issues of illiteracy and inequality among people of different religion and caste.

Education developed the people’s mind to great level and help in removing all the differences in the society. It makes us able to become a good learner and understand very aspect on life. It provides ability to understand all the human rights social rights duties and responsibilities towards the country.

How To build a better mental health

UNDERSTANDING GOOD MENTAL HEALTH

Your mental health includes what you think, feel and behave in your daily lifestyle. It also affects your capability to deal with stress, how you deal or overcome challenges, how you build relationships, and how you recover from your life problems.

Strong mental health not just the absence of mental health problems. Strong mental health is just being mentally or emotionally healthy is much more than being free of depression, anxiety or other phychological issues.

Bull market and Bear Market

Bull and Bear is the indicators which shows the situation of the Market. Bull market refers to Market situation where price of shares are going up and expected move in uptrend. Where the country’s economy is good, employment rate is good and price of every marketable securities are in uptrend. This is called as Bull Market. Bear market is the situation where price of shares are falling down and expected to fall, Country’s economy is falling and unemployment rate is increasing. This is called as Bear market. In Bull market situation price of shares will go in uptrend and investors will purchase the more and more shares. In Bear market the price of shares are falling so investors take back their money from the market.

Gym or no Gym….?

As we all know in this modern scenario of the year 2020 which is a really mean one to be honest,we all come across that dilemma as a student,a working class person ,a house wife or a stay at home dad,octogenarians and anybody cross the fifty part as her or his age as should we go to the gymnasium or not well I don’ now about other countries but I’m sure about the Indian pat that lot of people have a lot of misconception about going to the gymnasiums. Well we all can agree that teenagers or adults till their mid thirties are not so worried about these misconceptions except a few who do it on purpose, but trust me okay if not me then facts,science and psychology to help your body get that maximum concern and sculpting which it always asked for

6 yards of history

saree is a women’s garment from the India that consists of an unstitched drape varying from 4.5 to 9 metres (15 to 30 feet) in length and 600 to 1,200 millimetres (24 to 47 inches) in breadth which is typically wrapped around the waist, with one end draped over the shoulder, covering a larger portion of the midriff. There are various styles of sari manufacture and draping, the most common being the Nivi style, which originated in the Deccan region. The sari is worn with a fitted bodicecbodice called a choli (ravike in southern India, and cholo in Nepal) and a petticoat called ghagra, parkar or ul-pavadai. In the modern Indian subcontinent, the sari is considered a cultural icon.

History of sari-like drapery is traced back to the Indus valley civilization flourished during 2800–1800 BCE around the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinentCotton was first cultivated and woven in Indian subcontinent around 5th millennium BCE. Dyes used during this period are still in use, particularly indigolacred madder and turmeric. Silk was woven around 2450 BCE and 2000 BCE.

The word ‘sari’ evolved from ‘saatikaa’ (sanskrit: शाटिका) mentioned in earliest Hindu literature as women’s attire. The Sari or Sattika evolved from a three-piece ensemble comprising the Antriya, the lower garment; the Uttariya; a veil worn over the shoulder or the head; and the Stanapatta, a chestband. This ensemble is mentioned in Sanskrit literature and Buddhist Pali literature during the 6th century BCE. This complete three-piece dress was known as Poshak, generic term for costume. Ancient Antriya closely resembled dothi wrap in the “fishtail” version which was passed through legs, covered the legs loosely and then flowed into a long, decorative pleats at front of the legs. It further evolved into Bhairnivasani skirt, today known as ghagri and lehenga. Uttariya was a shawl-like veil worn over the shoulder or head, it evolved into what is known today known as dupatta and ghoonghat. Likewise, Stanapatta evolved into choli by 1st century CE.

The ancient Sanskrit work, Kadambari by Banabhatta and ancient Tamil poetry, such as the Silappadhikaram, describes women in exquisite drapery or sari. In ancient India, although women wore saris that bared the midriff, the Dharmasastra writers stated that women should be dressed such that the navel would never become visible. By which for some time the navel exposure became a taboo and the navel was concealed. In ancient Indian tradition and the Natya Shastra (an ancient Indian treatise describing ancient dance and costumes), the navel of the Supreme Being is considered to be the source of life and creativity, hence the midriff is to be left bare by the sari.

It is generally accepted that wrapped sari-like garments for lower body and sometimes shawls or scarf like garment called ‘uttariya’ for upper body, have been worn by Indian women for a long time, and that they have been worn in their current form for hundreds of years. In ancient couture the lower garment was called ‘nivi’ or ‘nivi bandha’, while the upper body was mostly left bare. The works of Kalidasa mentions ‘Kurpasika’ a form of tight fitting breast band that simply covered the breasts. It was also sometimes referred to as ‘Uttarasanga’ or ‘Stanapatta’.

Poetic references from works like Silappadikaram indicate that during the Sangam period in ancient Tamil Nadu in southern India, a single piece of clothing served as both lower garment and head covering, leaving the midriff completely uncovered. Similar styles of the sari are recorded paintings by Raja Ravi Varma in Kerala. Numerous sources say that everyday costume in ancient India and till recent times in Kerala consisted of a pleated dhoti or (sarong) wrap, combined with a breast band called ‘Kurpasika’ or ‘Stanapatta’ and occasionally a wrap called ‘Uttariya’ that could at times be used to cover the upper body or head. The two-piece Kerala mundum neryathum (mundu, a dhoti or sarong, neryath, a shawl, in Malayalam) is a survival of ancient clothing styles. The one-piece sari in Kerala is derived from neighboring Tamil Nadu or Deccan during medieval period based on its appearance on various temple murals in medieval Kerala.

Early Sanskrit literature has a wide vocabulary of terms for the veiling used by women, such as Avagunthana (oguntheti/oguṇthikā), meaning cloak-veil, Uttariya meaning shoulder-veil, Mukha-pata meaning face-veil and Sirovas-tra meaning head-veil. In the Pratimānātaka, a play by Bhāsa describes in context of Avagunthana veil that “ladies may be seen without any blame (for the parties concerned) in a religious session, in marriage festivities, during a calamity and in a forest”. The same sentiment is more generically expressed in later Sanskrit literature. Śūdraka, the author of Mṛcchakatika set in fifth century BCE says that the Avagaunthaha was not used by women everyday and at every time. He says that a married lady was expected to put on a veil while moving in the public.This may indicate that it was not necessary for unmarried females to put on a veil. This form of veiling by married women is still prevalent in Hindi-speaking areas, and is known as ghoonghat where the loose end of a sari is pulled over the head to act as a facial veil.

Based on sculptures and paintings, tight bodices or cholis are believed have evolved between 2nd century BCE to 6th century CE in various regional styles. Early cholis were front covering tied at the back; this style was more common in parts of ancient northern India. This ancient form of bodice or choli are still common in the state of Rajasthan today. Varies styles of decorative traditional embroidery like gota patti, mochi, pakko, kharak, suf, kathi, phulkari and gamthi are done on cholis. In Southern parts of India, choli is known as ravikie which is tied at the front instead of back, kasuti is traditional form of embroidery used for cholis in this region. In Nepal, choli is known as cholo or chaubandi cholo and is traditionally tied at the front.

Red is most favored colour for wedding saris and are traditional garment choice for brides in Indian culture. Women traditionally wore various types of regional fabrics-ikkat, block-print, embroidery and tie-dye textiles. Most sought after brocade silk saris are Banasari, Kanchipuram, Gadwal, Paithani, Mysore, Uppada, Bagalpuri, Balchuri, Maheshwari, Chanderi, Mekhela, Ghicha, Narayan pet and Eri etc. are traditionally worn for festive and formal occasions. Silk Ikat and cotton saris known as Patola, Pochampally, Bomkai, Khandua, Sambalpuri, Gadwal, Berhampuri, Bargarh, Jamdani, Tant, Mangalagiri, Guntur, Narayan pet, Chanderi, Maheshwari, Nuapatn, Tussar, Ilkal, Kotpad and Manipuri were worn for both festive and everyday attire. Tie-dyed and block-print saris known as Bandhani, Leheria/Leheriya, Bagru, Ajrakh, Sungudi, Kota Dabu/Dabu print, Bagh and Kalamkari were traditionally worn during monsoon season. Gota Patti is popular form of traditional embroidery used on saris for formal occasions, various other types of traditional folk embroidery such mochi, pakko, kharak, suf, kathi, phulkari and gamthi are also commonly used for both informal and formal occasion.Today, modern fabrics like polyester, georgette and charmeuse are also commonly used.

An interesting piece of History: The Abduction of Art

The entire world has been a witness to the tyranny and totalitarian nature of Kim dynasty in North Korea which prevails to this date. The insanely toxic obsession to become the most dangerous nuclear power at the cost of letting its own people die due to poverty and hunger is what makes the Kim leaders so diabolical. But did you know that Kim Jong-il, the second supreme leader of North Korea, planned and executed the abduction of a South Korean film producer and director along with his wife to fetch worldwide recognition for North Korea’s filmmaking?

Shin Sang-ok (1926-2006) is a highly celebrated South Korean film producer and director who worked prolifically to adorn the “Golden Age of South Korean Cinema” with some of the best jewels like The Evil Night (1952), A Flower in Hell (1958), Prince Yeonsan (1961) and 3 Ninjas Knuckle Up (1995) to name a few. Shin Sang-ok is often called “The Prince of South Korean Cinema” for his contribution in the 1950s and 1960s. But little did he know that his own life would become the most incredible story that none of his movies could ever tell.

In 1966, Kim Jong-il, North Korea’s future dictator, became director of the Motion Picture and Arts Division. He was a big fan of films and is known to have a dedicated library of approximately 15,000 movies at his disposal. He produced and directed films that were specifically designed to put his father, Kim Il-sung, as the ultimate messiah of the subjects of North Korea. But he was frustrated with his films in the 1970s. He felt they were lifeless and stiff as compared to the global counterparts. This was the point where it all began. The desperation to gain global appreciation in showbiz led him to kidnap South Korean actress Choi Eun-hee in 1978 from Hong Kong. According to a proposition Choi Eun-hee was in Hong Kong to direct a film. She arrived in Nampo Harbour, North Korea on 22 January 1978. She was housed in a luxurious villa and several tours were arranged for her to visit important spots of the city. Kim Jong-il took her to various movie shows, theatres, operas, and musicals for her perspective on the

Is Our Earth Sustainable?

One of the most familiar word we hear in our day to day life and many within and beyond academia and in the more developed and developing parts of the world is “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT”. It is another principle that emerged after the development of UNCLOS.The Sustainable Development resources refers to the mutual promotion of Economy, Ecology and Society to develop Sustainable Development. It is a development model that consider the Environment when achieving balanced growth with efficiency and fairness. What is Sustainable Development? The development that meets the needs of the present without Compromising the ability of Future Generations to meet their own needs. Achieving Sustainable Development in the 21th Century is not an option but am Imperative.

The journey of four World Summits from “Stockholm to Johannesburg ” they have decided that Sustainable Development is an Imperative. During the year 1972 UN conference in Stockholm highlighted the “concerns for preserving and enhancing the environmentand its biodiversity to ensure Human Rights to a healthy and Productive world”,In 1982 the United Nations commission on Environment and Development was created .During the period 1972-1992 over 200 Regional and International Agreements and Conventions for Environment Protection were Adopted. Non Government Organizations from around the world also collaborates and Deliberated Strategies for Sustainable Development. In 2012 the United Nations conference met to discuss and develop a set of goals to work towards on Sustainable Development. This Sustainable Development came up with a list of 17 items. The 1st Sustainable Development Emphasizes the coordinate development between Resource Utilization and Economic growth and The 2nd Sustainable Development Emphasizes moderate development taking into account the Environment carrying Capacity while using Natural Resources,Finally the main Goal of the Sustainable Development theory is to improve the quality of Human life i.e In which people can live and work in Peace and Contentment and have a high quality of Life. Sustainable Development Characterised by three P’s People, Planet and Profit. At the core of Idea of Sustainable is the matter of meeting people needs for the home,job etc,.If we dont take care of Environment in which we live now,we wont have anything to leave behind us for Future Generations. ” IS OUR EARTH SUSTAINABLE FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS?”.

‘Untouchables’

‘Untouchables’

Our economy is being ruined between inefficient government and sluggish opposition, if the situation does not improve then we will become the new ‘untouchables’

Untouchability has been a stigma for our country for centuries. Ambedkar, who fought for his whole life, claimed that there is enough evidence to suggest that it has been going on since 400 BC and it has always been the way of Indians to live.
This is the reason why devout Hindus on one hand and committed inclusionist Gandhi, on the other hand, believed that it is good for us to end this deadly practice. And Nehru, who relied on social justice, had said that India will never reach its true height until we end the caste system and ensure equality for all Indians.

This is the motive that our constitution made untouchability illicit and considered it a punishable offence.
But is it over? No.
Untouchability is deeply ingrained in our thinking and is seen openly. Its ugliness has recently increased, which has been promoted by some political parties, who want to keep it alive to achieve ruthless majoritarianism.

Now only the lower castes, Dalits are not suffering from it. In some parts of India, poor people belonging to a particular community have become new untouchables. So in some parts, some tribes are the new untouchables, who have been left marginalized by governments to grab land, forest and mineral wealth from them.

And now, after this pandemic in the country, we see a new class of untouchables is emerging. These are sick, migrant labourers, unemployed and extremely impoverished people. Their connection with the cities is broken and their villages do not want to take them back because they are unemployed and miserable and additionally there is a risk of health issues.

Today the suffering/affected people are being boycotted openly. Their wives and children are not allowed to be home quarantined as per the regulations. People are getting them out of the village, throwing them along with their family members from trains, refusing to burn in the crematorium when one dies. Dead bodies are being collected in hospital corridors. Nobody wants to accept them, not even own family. The corpses are placed next to the patients being treated. It is like a return to the fierce plague.

But, today who is the frustrated-indigent?
No, not the farmers who commit suicide every year due to poverty. Now, these dispirited poor are those who were working in our factories, offices and our homes till back in the days. It also includes small traders, food carts, autorickshaw drivers, small restaurant workers, multiplexes and security guards standing outside malls.

Viruses and lockdowns left them unemployed, homeless and nearly devastated. And now about 14 crores middle-class families have also been associated with them. According to research, their savings will end by the end of July. That is, they will be poverty-stricken.

A recent survey shows that 84 per cent of the households have suffered severe loss of income after lockdown. They are living on their savings right now. By the end of this month, with the increase in rains, many middle-class families will fall into the category of destitute.

They will also be unable to spend on treatment or meet basic family needs. They will have to leave the rented house, sell their goods and borrow money at such a rate, which will become impossible for them to repay later. They are also worried pensioners who relied on interest from the bank, as banks have reduced interest rates.

Those who counted on their children working abroad are also trapped because their children have lost their jobs or lost wages. Meanwhile, the prices of petrol and diesel are continuously increasing, while the prices should have been reduced based on the global trend. This is going to make everything expensive.

Overall, the pace of the wave is not stopping and more and more people will continue to drown. The government is refusing to provide cash in their hands, as some other countries are doing. These are the new untouchables. Nobody has time for these and the government has the least interest in their future or prospect. Instead, govt is making hefty policies of millions for billions, which will never reach out to these people.

An economy that was ready for a better future, is being wrecked.

Demand Forecasting

Demand in simple words can be defined as the want of something plus the ability to pay, that is, purchasing power of the customer. The law of demand which is extensively used in microeconomics  states that price and demand are inversely proportional to each other.

Forecasting is used in various circumstances to get more insights about data. It is one of the important tool used for predicting future demand based on demand information.

Forecasting is used for:

  • Strategic Planning (long range planning)
  • Finance and Accounting (Budget and Control Costs)
  • Marketing (Future sales, new product launches, campaigns designs)
  • Production
  • Operation (Supply chain Management)

Demand Forecasting is the process in which historical sales data is used to develop an estimate of an expected forecast of customer demand. To businesses, Demand Forecasting provides an estimate of the amount of goods and services that its customers will purchase in the foreseeable future. There are various factors that are involved in demand forecasting such as data required, time period, purpose, nature of commodity, nature of competition etc.

How to choose the right college for you

Chosing the perfect college for you can be a daunting task but with these few tips that I’m about to share with you, the process of picking the right college will become a lot simplier.

1. You have to list your priorities- This will help you eliminate the schools that don’t fit you’re requirements. So, I would sit down and do some research as soon as you’re done listing you’re priorities down.

2. Figure what you want to do once you’re done with your college program. You have to think whether going to this college will help you achieve that goal if it won’t then that’s not the school for you. For example if you want to work at a big tech firm then you should go to a college near Silicon Valley. Do some self searching and figure out what you want to do once your out of college.

3. College Ranking- This could help you figure out whether the college is well known by other people and it could help you figure out whether the major you want to do is good at that particular college. The most reputable college ranking and the most accurate is the QS world university ranking system. Rankings help students compare different colleges in a more effective and accurate way.

4. Amount of financial aid i

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Air India brings back 2.5 lakh Indians from 53 countries under Vande Bharat Mission — EDUindex News

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DGCA extends fare capping, restricted operations of domestic passenger flights till November 24 — EDUindex News

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Restriction on domestic flights to remain in effect till November 24 — EDUindex News

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Caste is a social marvel of Indian culture. By taking an interest in the cutting edge political framework, standing is presently presented to troublesome impacts and another type of joining coming about because of another plan of universalist-particularity connections. caste has increased a compelling situation in India legislative issues.From one viewpoint, a structure of divisions […]

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Development and Environment Protection Together? — EDUindex News

Mahatma Gandhi once said that “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed.” and this statement gives us reflect about the sort of advancement we need as an individual, one which can satisfy our necessities or one which can satisfy our covetousness. in the event that we need to get […]

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Everybody wants to become RICH one day. Still, how is it that some people have all the answers? How do the rich keeping getting richer while the poor keep getting poorer? Is the game actually rigged against us? Are we, in fact, doomed to live ordinary lives, merely controlled by our hedonistic desires and pleasures, […]

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Role of Technology in India

“Technology will not replace great teacher’s but technology in the hands of great teacher’s can be transformed”

Education is a form of learning where we can see the transmission of knowledge, skills from generation to generation. 21st century is also regarded as century if technology. Technology brings education to student’s doorstep.

Technology in education can be classified as:

E-LEARNING A WAY OF STUDYING DURING THIS COVID-19 PANDAMIC!!

Today the whole World is experiencing an extraordinary situation emerging out of this Global Pandemic and this consequent lockdown. Amid of this unpredictable lockdown has resulted into an abrupt halt, with the GDP curve falling flatter week by week one might have thought the academic world would suffer a lot. For the future is in the hands of learning ones.


In such times students across the world are losing their valuable time in their education during the imposed lockdown amidst fear of pandemic. Because of the forced closer of education institutions, the entire higher education system has been badly affected mainly the board year students and the final year ones.
No wonder, how emotionally and psychologically it might have drained within the children as well as their parents. Thus at this junction the educational institutions are in the need for a rapid evolutions and adaption of the advanced technology. It’s the time for emerging of online learning (or E-Learning), the most effective option for both students/ teachers as well as the college/university management.

E-LEARNING A WAY OF STUDYING DURING THIS COVID-19 PANDAMIC

Today the whole World is experiencing an extraordinary situation emerging out of this Global Pandemic and this consequent lockdown. Amid of this unpredictable lockdown has resulted into an abrupt halt, with the GDP curve falling flatter week by week one might have thought the academic world would suffer a lot. For the future is in the hands of learning ones.

In such times students across the world are losing their valuable time in their education during the imposed lockdown amidst fear of pandemic. Because of the forced closer of education institutions, the entire higher education system has been badly affected mainly the board year students and the final year ones.

No wonder, how emotionally and psychologically it might have drained within the children as well as their parents. Thus at this junction the educational institutions are in the need for a rapid evolutions and adaption of the advanced technology. It’s the time for emerging of online learning (or E-Learning), the most effective option for both students/ teachers as well as the college/university management.

BENIFITS OF ONLINE LEARNING:

  • Competency-Based Education: By Online Education platforms one can learn transferable skills and competencies. This kind of learning provides required knowledge and it is learner-focused teaching. It acknowledges the fact that every student has a different learning style and their own pace of absorbing what is being taught. In this kind of learning every student gets an equal chance to put up question without the hesitation.
  • Skill Development: In today’s competitive world one may aspire to acquire skills more than their regular course. Thus for a better career growth online learning has made it much easier for students to develop new skills with continuing with their regular course at a college/university. Online Learning is the key and the best path to upgrade ones skill. It also provided training programmes to make students familiar with practical usage of such skills.
  • Quick Assessments:
    This platform provides teachers an easy and quick access to the learning of the students while they are teaching. It even motivates a shy student to actively participating in giving answers for chats avoid the fear of “What will others think if the answers go wrong?” It also enables teachers to know their students in a friendlier manner and host questions rounds to insure a regular learning.
  • Less of Distractions:
    Since online learning does not invite friends to be beside them and parents can keep a regular check over the involvement of their child in the class it decreases the chance of peer distractions. Away from competitions and dominating students there is an increase in active participation of students in asking doubts and initiating interactions with their fellow mates. Moreover, some concepts are better taught online. The teachers and students can interact with each other at any time without any limitation of day or night time for study material, clearing doubts or taking test looking into the convince of both the parties.
  • Traceable learning:
    The performance of the students can easy be accessed by online records. Since the online mode store data of every student individually it helps in reducing any misunderstanding and is digitally track able which can’t be done in a face to face learning. The analytic tool provides detailed report of each student’s performance and growth. It also benefits the parents to keep a regular check over their child’s behaviour and progress. Enabling teachers to adapt changes into their teaching techniques according to the learning patterns of their students.
  • Working platforms:
    It provides students to apply for different online jobs like part-time, internships, full time etc and earn experience certificate for their future benefits and learning new ways of working. It also provides opportunities to earn for themselves in monetary terms. These kinds of jobs don’t seek for qualifications to a large extent but benefit students to improve their CV.
  • Transportation charges:
    This kind of educations benefits the most in terms of location problems. Any student from a remote area can study from their own house with a good network connection and a personal computer. It avoids long distance travelling for classes and avoiding the need to pay for transportation charges. All the more, they won’t feel tired due to travelling. Students can fix their online classes times according to their pace and time. This clearly portrays a graph of less pressure and intensity.
  • Budget friendly:
    There are numerous courses and resources available for free access which can get rid of any financial issues faced during the lockdown period in respect of fee payments.

It’s a wonderful opportunity for every academician and researcher to create their own Open Educational Recourses which would not only serve the purpose of student’s education but also servers to enhance their professional self-image.
INOVATION LEAD TO DEVELOPMENTS

Are we happier than our forefathers?

If we think that happiness consisits of material comforts,we are happier than our forefathers. However, if we consider happiness as a state of well being characterized by contentment and joy, our forefathers were far happier than we are.

If our forefathers woke up from their eternal skeep, they would be wonderstruck at the change drought about by their children in this world

STOP TOBACCO CONSUMPTION

Tobacco smoking can lead to lung cancer, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. It increases the risk of heart disease, which can lead to stroke or heart attack. Smoking has also been linked to other cancers, leukemia, cataracts, and pneumonia. Smokeless tobacco increases the risk of cancer, especially mouth cancers.

Smokers are more likely than nonsmokers to develop heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer.

  • Estimates show smoking increases the risk:
    • For coronary heart disease by 2 to 4 times
    • For stroke by 2 to 4 times
    • Of men developing lung cancer by 25 times
    • Of women developing lung cancer by 25.7 times
  • Smoking causes diminished overall health, increased absenteeism from work, and increased health care utilization and cost.

Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease

Smokers are at greater risk for diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular disease).

  • Smoking causes stroke and coronary heart disease, which are among the leading causes of death in the United States.
  • Even people who smoke fewer than five cigarettes a day can have early signs of cardiovascular disease.
  • Smoking damages blood vessels and can make them thicken and grow narrower. This makes your heart beat faster and your blood pressure go up. Clots can also form.
  • A stroke occurs when:
    • A clot blocks the blood flow to part of your brain;
    • A blood vessel in or around your brain bursts.
  • Blockages caused by smoking can also reduce blood flow to your legs and skin.

Smoking and Respiratory Disease

Smoking can cause lung disease by damaging your airways and the small air sacs (alveoli) found in your lungs.

  • Lung diseases caused by smoking include COPD, which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
  • Cigarette smoking causes most cases of lung cancer.
  • If you have asthma, tobacco smoke can trigger an attack or make an attack worse.
  • Smokers are 12 to 13 times more likely to die from COPD than nonsmokers.

Smoking and Cancer

Smoking can cause cancer almost anywhere in your body:

  • Bladder
  • Blood (acute myeloid leukemia)
  • Cervix
  • Colon and rectum (colorectal)
  • Esophagus
  • Kidney and ureter
  • Larynx
  • Liver
  • Oropharynx (includes parts of the throat, tongue, soft palate, and the tonsils)
  • Pancreas
  • Stomach
  • Trachea, bronchus, and lung

Smoking also increases the risk of dying from cancer and other diseases in cancer patients and survivors.

If nobody smoked, one of every three cancer deaths in the United States would not happen.

Smoking and Other Health Risks

Smoking harms nearly every organ of the body and affects a person’s overall health.

  • Smoking can make it harder for a woman to become pregnant. It can also affect her baby’s health before and after birth. Smoking increases risks for:
    • Preterm (early) delivery
    • Stillbirth (death of the baby before birth)
    • Low birth weight
    • Sudden infant death syndrome (known as SIDS or crib death)
    • Ectopic pregnancy
    • Orofacial clefts in infants
  • Smoking can also affect men’s sperm, which can reduce fertility and also increase risks for birth defects and miscarriage.
  • Smoking can affect bone health.
    • Women past childbearing years who smoke have weaker bones than women who never smoked. They are also at greater risk for broken bones.
  • Smoking affects the health of your teeth and gums and can cause tooth loss.
  • Smoking can increase your risk for cataracts (clouding of the eye’s lens that makes it hard for you to see). It can also cause age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is damage to a small spot near the center of the retina, the part of the eye needed for central vision.
  • Smoking is a cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus and can make it harder to control. The risk of developing diabetes is 30–40% higher for active smokers than nonsmokers.
  • Smoking causes general adverse effects on the body, including inflammation and decreased immune function.
  • Smoking is a cause of rheumatoid arthritis.

Quitting and Reduced Risks

  • Quitting smoking cuts cardiovascular risks. Just 1 year after quitting smoking, your risk for a heart attack drops sharply.
  • Within 2 to 5 years after quitting smoking, your risk for stroke may reduce to about that of a nonsmoker’s.
  • If you quit smoking, your risks for cancers of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and bladder drop by half within 5 years.
  • Ten years after you quit smoking, your risk for dying from lung cancer drops by half.

Who is most likely to become addicted?

Anyone who starts using tobacco can become addicted to nicotine. Studies show that smoking is most likely to become a habit during the teen years. The younger you are when you begin to smoke, the more likely you are to become addicted to nicotine.

According to the 2014 Surgeon General’s Report,(SGR) nearly 9 out of 10 adult smokers started before age 18, and nearly all started by age 26. The report estimates that about 3 out of 4 high school smokers will become adult smokers – even if they intend to quit in a few years.

According to the 2012 Surgeon General’s Report:

“Of every 3 young smokers, only 1 will quit, and 1 of those remaining smokers will die from tobacco-related causes. Most of these young people never considered the long-term health consequences associated with tobacco use when they started smoking; and nicotine, a highly addictive drug, causes many to continue smoking well into adulthood, often with deadly consequences.”

Amazing examples of mutualism that exist in nature

Nature is God’s best creation. It is indeed the best gift God has given to us. Sometimes,I am wonderstruck to see how systematically nature activities go on. Mutualistic relationship which exists in nature often amazes me.

Mutualistic relationships are defined as interactions between organisms of two different species, in which each organism benefits from the interaction in some way. These types of interaction are common and ubiquitous throughout all ecosystems, and scientists are increasingly recognizing the important role that they play in ecology.

Mutualism in nature

Cleaner fish and larger fish share a mutualistic relationship. This is because the cleaner fish eats harmful parasites and other small sources of food off of the large fish. This gives the cleaner fish a meal, the larger fish is helped because it no longer has these parasites on them. Often times larger fish wait in “cleaning stations” for the cleaner fish to come and get these things off of them. Some small shrimp can also be cleaners. The picture below shows a cleaner shrimp cleaning a large fish that would normally eat the shrimp if it wasn’t for this mutualism.

Mutualisms may involve either the exchange of resources, such as shelter, food and other nutrients, or they may involve the exchange of services, such as protection, transportation or healthcare.

Image result for cleaner shrimp

Image result for clownfish and anemone

“Clownfish and Sea Anemone” by Samuel Chow under Flickr

Although there are many more mutualistic relationships between marine animals, the last one that I will talk about is the relationship between the Boxer Crab and anemones. In this relationship, the Boxer Crab carries around two anemones that sting and it uses them for protection. The anemones are benefited because since the crab carries them around, it allows them to be mobile which increases their options for finding food.

Image result for boxer crab and sea anemone
BOXING (POM POM) CRAB” BY  LIQUIDGURU UNDER VIMEO

PARASITISM

Parasitism is not a mutualistic relationship because only one of the species is benefited. The parasite gains from the relationship while the other species involved is harmed.

One example of a parasitic relationship is between fish lice and small fish hosts. The fish can be killed if there are too many fish lice attached to it. The lice benefits from the fish by feeding off of their bodily fluids.

File:Sea lice on salmon.jpg
“SEA LICE ON SALMON” BY 7BARRYM0RE UNDER  PUBLIC DOMAIN

Isopods can also cause a parasitic relationship. Some isopods will eat the fishes tongue and then live in the fishes mouth so it they can eat whatever the fish is attempting to eat.

Image result for isopod in fish mouth
“BETTY IN MOUTH” BY UNIVERSITY OF SALFORD PRESS OFFICE UNDER FLICKR

COMMENSALISM

Commensalism is a relationship where one species benefits from another species. The other species  is neither harmed nor helped in this relationship. There are many examples of commensalism in the ocean.

One example of commensalism among marine life are jellyfish and small fish. The small fish will typically hide inside of the jellyfish’s stinging tentacles if the stinging does not effect them. The tentacles provide protection for the fish from larger predators. This relationship has no effect on the jellyfish.

Image result for small fish hiding in jellyfish
“BABY FISH TAKE SHELTER IN JELLYFISH” BY EARTH TOUCH NEWS NETWORK

Another relationship is between shrimp and a featherstar. The shrimp will blend in with the featherstar and use it for protection. As you can see in the picture below, it is very difficult to find the shrimp hiding in there.

Image result for shrimp and featherstar

“Shrimp in Featherstar” by prilfish under Flickr

MIMICRY

The last kind of symbiotic relationship is mimicry. Mimicry is when one organism that is harmless evolves to look similar to another organism that is poisonous. This stops predators from eating them because they think they are the poisonous species. They can also use mimicry to appear larger than they really are.

The four-eye butterflyfish uses a large eye spot in order to appear larger to predators.

Image result for foureye butterflyfish
“CHAETODON CAPISTRATUS1” BY CHRIS HUSS UNDER  PUBLIC DOMAIN

Another example of mimicry is between the Sabre-tooth Blenny and Cleaner Wrasses. The Cleaner Wrasse have a mutualistic relationship with larger fish so they don’t get eaten, and the Sabre-tooth Blenny takes advantage of this relationship by evolving to look very similar to the Cleaner Wrasse. Instead of cleaning the larger fish, the Sabre-tooth Blenny will take a bite out the the large fish’s flesh and swim away.

Image result for cleaner wrasse
Image result for sabre tooth blenny
“BLUESTREAK CLEANER WRASSE” BY NEMO’S GREAT UNCLE UNDER FLICKR
“SABRE-TOOTH BLENNY” BY FISH INDEX

On the top there is a bluestreak cleaner wrasse and on the bottom is a sabre-tooth blenny. You can see how similar they look and how fish could mistake them.

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3 THOUGHTS ON “SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS IN THE OCEAN”

  1. KCANGIALBeautiful examples and images of mutualisms here! The sabre-tooth blenny is apparently an ectoparasite, so interesting! And a very cool example of aggressive mimicry! I love the gif of the crab with anemone pom-poms!LikeReply
    1. AOLENDORFEPORTThanks! I also thought that the sabre-tooth blenny was interesting. The gif is my favorite part of this post!Liked by 1 personReply
  2. HALEYZANGAI loved the images in this post! It really showed the affects of the different symbiotic relationships around. Easy to follow and easy to read.Liked by 1 personReply

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As Indians, we ensure that spices form the base of any dish. We are not satisfied with a dash of salt and a squeeze of sour lime, we need spices.

If spices are consumed in moderation you can derive health benefits, but an overdose of any spice can lead to indigestion or even ulcers. Media portals are flooded with the health benefits of turmeric or haldi, but today we list out other Indian spices that are healthy and are kept under wraps.
Cinnamon:
This spice is aromatic and has a refreshing taste. You can add cinnamon in curries, pulao and even desserts; it adds spark to a bland dish. But research on this woody spice tells us that it is also diabetes-friendly and if you show symptoms of insulin resistance, cinnamon will help reduce it.
Besides, cinnamon is used to give you relief from indigestion, common cold, diarrhea, poor blood circulation and tension during menstruation.

Cloves:
Every Indian knows that clove is the spice to treat tooth problems since it contains anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. Due to these healthy characteristics cloves are an important ingredient in natural tooth pastes.

Perfumers use the oil extract from cloves but it has its health benefits. If you are feeling queasy after indulging in too much food or alcohol, cloves have the properties to put you at ease. Cloves can relieve you from vomiting, indigestion, an upset digestive tract and loose motions.

Cumin:
Tempered cumin or jeera adds the spice that dal fry needs. Most dishes are incomplete without cumin. All the better for us, as cumin is known to relieve you from digestive problems, reduce your chances of anemia and alleviate common cold.

Surprisingly jeera can reduce the problem of piles, serves as a laxative and provides your body with iron, manganese that helps in the absorption of calcium and controls blood pressure.

Black Cardamom:
Do not confuse it with green cardamom; black cardamom is a common spice in briyani. Apparently this spice is also used as anti-venom for snakes and scorpions, but try it out at your own risk.

Black cardamom eases out digestive problems and reduces flatulence, it is known to relieve you from throat problems, chest congestion, and gum infection. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties and the fact that it can alleviate muscle spasms, black cardamom is a saving grace for asthmatics. It is a great ingredient for respiratory problems.
Saffron:
Kashmir is synonymous with the production of the best quality of saffron in India. This ingredient adds colour and spice to briyani or dessert. Saffron is expensive but the health benefits are priceless.

Saffron has the ability to treat depression, prevents loss of vision, and improves memory. The stigma of the flower can relieve you from digestive issues with the help of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-depressant properties.

Nutmeg:

As Indians, we ensure that spices form the base of any dish. We are not satisfied with a dash of salt and a squeeze of sour lime, we need spices.

If spices are consumed in moderation you can derive health benefits, but an overdose of any spice can lead to indigestion or even ulcers. Media portals are flooded with the health benefits of turmeric or haldi, but today we list out other Indian spices that are healthy and are kept under wraps.
Cinnamon:
This spice is aromatic and has a refreshing taste. You can add cinnamon in curries, pulao and even desserts; it adds spark to a bland dish. But research on this woody spice tells us that it is also diabetes-friendly and if you show symptoms of insulin resistance, cinnamon will help reduce it.
Besides, cinnamon is used to give you relief from indigestion, common cold, diarrhea, poor blood circulation and tension during menstruation.

Cloves:
Every Indian knows that clove is the spice to treat tooth problems since it contains anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. Due to these healthy characteristics cloves are an important ingredient in natural tooth pastes.

Perfumers use the oil extract from cloves but it has its health benefits. If you are feeling queasy after indulging in too much food or alcohol, cloves have the properties to put you at ease. Cloves can relieve you from vomiting, indigestion, an upset digestive tract and loose motions.

Cumin:
Tempered cumin or jeera adds the spice that dal fry needs. Most dishes are incomplete without cumin. All the better for us, as cumin is known to relieve you from digestive problems, reduce your chances of anemia and alleviate common cold.

Surprisingly jeera can reduce the problem of piles, serves as a laxative and provides your body with iron, manganese that helps in the absorption of calcium and controls blood pressure.

Black Cardamom:
Do not confuse it with green cardamom; black cardamom is a common spice in briyani. Apparently this spice is also used as anti-venom for snakes and scorpions, but try it out at your own risk.

Black cardamom eases out digestive problems and reduces flatulence, it is known to relieve you from throat problems, chest congestion, and gum infection. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties and the fact that it can alleviate muscle spasms, black cardamom is a saving grace for asthmatics. It is a great ingredient for respiratory problems.
Saffron:
Kashmir is synonymous with the production of the best quality of saffron in India. This ingredient adds colour and spice to briyani or dessert. Saffron is expensive but the health benefits are priceless.

Saffron has the ability to treat depression, prevents loss of vision, and improves memory. The stigma of the flower can relieve you from digestive issues with the help of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-depressant properties.

Nutmeg:
Like cloves, nutmeg too has anti-bacterial properties. It helps fight tooth decay. Besides, nutmeg can fight Alzheimer’s and improves your memory. This lesser known spice has the ability to reduce flatulence and improve appetite – a problem that all mothers face when it comes to their child’s fussy eating habits. It can also release the tension in your muscle.

According to the Chinese, this spice can improve impotence; worth a try for those looking for a natural alternative.

Black Pepper:
Once upon a time, black pepper was considered gold, a precious commodity for trade. A dash of pepper can create an explosion of flavours to a bland dish. But consume this fiery spice in moderation.
Black pepper has the ability to increase the production of hydrochloric acid that the stomach needs to help in digestion. You can save yourself from digestive problems, flatulence and constipation. It is also anti – bacterial in nature, reduces blood pressure and contains iron that is beneficial for the body.

NEWS IN
BRIEF 

YOGA

yoga is a group of physical, mental,and spritual practice or disciplines which orientation in ancient india .yoga is one of the six Astika school of hindu philosophical traditions .there is a board variety of yoga schools, practice, and goal of Hinduism , buddhism and Jainism.

the practice of yoga was starting during the indus-sarasvati civilization in northern india over 5000 year ago .it was first mentioned in rig vada a collection of texts that consisted of ,rituals,mantras ,and songs which was mainly used by brahmans , the vedic priests.

Media Shoots, Police Shoots–Case Closed

After having staged the most dramatic arrest (indirectly a well sponsored surrender), Kanpur’s famous gangster Vikas Dubey was sure of escaping an encounter at the hands of Uttar Pradesh police using his political and administrative connections. Within 24 hours of being arrested by the Ujjain police and handover to Special Task Force team, Vikas Dubey lay dead on a hospital stretcher with overwhelmed reporters desperate to shoot his body with their cameras.

Among all this chaos the most unfortunate thing was the lack of element of surprise because almost everyone was convinced that Vikas Dubey would not reach Kanpur alive. Uttar Pradesh police had played it cards well and definitely did not care an inch about the questions that media and public would raise. Stopping media vehicles just minutes before the accident, a herd of buffaloes causing just one vehicle to crash although it was a caravan and our antagonist escaping pretty easily from a turned over vehicle along with a police pistol makes up for a perfect Rohit shetty style script and a tangy media debate. But raising questions on this scandalous encounter is not something this piece of writing intends to do.

This article tries to throw light on the public sentiments and reactions over extrajudicial killings. A major section of the society including journalists, politicians, former administrators and the public seemed to have been glorifying the practice of encountering criminals by the police as a righteous act of imparting speedy justice. Who can forget the splendid sight of the brave and courageous policemen of Hyderabad being showered with rose petals as they marched along the city’s roads after having encountered the rapists of a 26-year-old veterinary doctor whose charred body was found on the outskirts of Hyderabad just 7 days ago.

The heinousness of that case immediately brought back the memories of 16 December, 2013 when another daughter of India was brutually raped in the country’s capital. Nirbhaya succumbed to her injuries but her parents’ extraordinary 8 year long battle finally payed off when the accused men were hanged in Tihar jail on 20 March, 2020. The society that day was not only brightened by the sun but also by the inspiring struggle of Nirbhaya’s parents who made brought their daughter’s tormentors to justice not by a police encounter but by a court of law.

The justice brought down by pistols and guns lasts for a few days but when justice is imparted by the ink of pen , even without any noise that struggle remains till the end of time.

Lessons we learned from the coronavirus pandemic

Do face masks really reduce coronavirus spread? Experts have mixed answers.  | Live Science

Coronavirus has already created a havoc in the world by taking the lives of around 571,574 people. Where as till now almost 13,036,587 people have been infected by COVID-19. This is the first mega pandemic which has caused so much panic among the people. This virus doesn’t know how to discriminate people and has ended up infecting all kinds of people from all sides of the world. It successfully forced some powerful countries with the largest economy to impose shutdown. many people in their lifetime might have never witnessed something like this, which can force the world to shutdown.

But don’t you think this pandemic happened because of we people only ? Can we say that this is the karma we are facing for destroying our environment and killing poor animals ? We people have always taken our environment for granted. some scientists think that corona virus originated in bats and could have been transmitted from that. Also huge amount of corona virus traces were found in the meat market of wuhan and the city had to stop the trade of live animal sales because that’s where COVID-19 started. So basically people like us are the reason behind this pandemic. By considering the brightest part of this situation we have rediscovered some values, because we realized that everyone in the world is vulnerable to crises, irrespective of religion, wealth and economy. So let’s know what are the lessons we learned from corona virus pandemic.

SOME MAJOR LESSONS LEARNED :

How to wash your hands and how long it takes to get clean - Insider
  • Hygiene habits : A habit which we are well aware of now. We have all been taught to wash our hands everytime we have been to a place. Earlier we didn’t wash our hands from time to time but now this pandemic has forced us to get few of our good habits back. Rather on today’s date washing hands is a game changer habit to keep the virus away from you. Washing hands with just water in not just enough rather we learned to wash our hands more often with soap, which plays a vital role in killing germs and viruses. Hence we rediscovered the value of washing hands again!
Health Report
  • focus on personal health : Before pandemic we never bothered about our health, we were more into junk foods and less into healthy foods. This pandemic has made us realized the importance of our own health. The more careless we are towards our health the more problems we invite. During this pandemic we have started living a healthy life. people now exercise more often and go for healthy drinks and foods. Because now we understand the importance of having a strong immune system and therefore now we are more conscious about our health. Now we understand the real meaning of “Health Is Wealth” , because money might not save you but a strong immune system can.
Before-and-after photos that show how lockdowns reduced air pollution -  Insider
  • Responsibility towards environment : We all can see how our environment is healing during this pandemic. We people are the reason behind the calamities that take place in our earth. Our irresponsibility and carelessness are the only reason for what we are facing today. But the shutdown has given our environment ample time to heal and ample time to we people to think about the destruction we have caused to our planet. The sky and water bodies are more cleaner now, animals and birds are roaming freely without getting scared because there are less cars in the streets, yes the nature is healing as there is less pollution now.

We have taken extreme measures and have changed the way we live our lives to fight for the survival. All these changes have created a positive chain of reaction and it is definitely saving lives.The coronavirus has changed our perception toward’s life.

We might all pay for it unless we take this NEW state of the world as a lesson! A lesson we are capable of taking extreme steps to save lives, A lesson we are capable of reversing our environmental mistake. Once we win against COVID-19, we should not forget the lessons we learned during this pandemic then only we will be in our way to a safer future.

Bhubaneswar An Ideal City

Bhubaneswar the capital and largest city of the state Odisha often known as the temple city of India was formally established in 1948. The city of Bhubaneswar has numbers of temple with amazing architecture which might make you stand and admire it’s beauty. But unfortunately not many are aware of this beautiful city, even though it is a capital of a state. Some identify Bhubaneswar as a capital of one of the poorest state where as some don’t even know that a city of this name even exists. But trust me this city is more than what you think and is well developed like any other mega city.

Not many know that Bhubaneswar which got it’s name form Tribhubaneswara ( lord of three worlds) was designed by a German architect and was considered as one the modern and India’s first well planned city but unlike other mega cities this city lacked recognition. Before analyzing the topic i wanted the readers to have an idea about the city and how ideal it can be.

Bhubaneswar with a population of around 8 lac provides a lot of opportunities for people with creative business ideas. A city which is also know as the start up hub has become a great choice for people to start their venture. For somebody who does not want to start a business in a metro city, Bhubaneswar a tier-II city of India is developing fast and is offering great opportunities for them to grow their business.This city was ranked as the best place to do business in India by the world bank in 2014. Also known as the IT hub, bhubaneswar has got some major IT companies such as TCS , INFOSYS, WIPRO and many more which makes this city favourable for young professionals who wants to enjoy their job in a not so expensive city, yes you heard me right bhubaneswar is not at all expensive and is quite affordable .

did you know that this city is also an educational hub, infact has some elite institutions such as IIT , NISER, AIIMS and NIFT. This city provides a variety of options and scope to students and is also known for it’s quality education. Some people might be surprised to know that Bhubaneswar has a literacy rate of 93.15 % which is significantly higher than the national average literacy rate 74.04 %.

In 2017 The times of India listed bhubaneswar in the top 10 city list, i am pretty sure it will soon make it to top of the list. This beautiful city has come a long way from being called as a temple city to a smart city, no doubt this city will become more advanced in the near future.

THE NEW AGE OF MARKETING

How User Interviews Will Improve Your Customer Journey—and Your Sales -  Salesforce Canada Blog

gone are those days when sellers ruled the market,and decided what a customer should buy . Sellers then focused more on their profit and never bothered about their customer satisfaction. Thankfully those days are gone and the new era of marketing has already started. the new age of marketing is way more advanced and systematic . Now customers decide, what a seller should sell and have equal power to control the market. “There is a famous saying that says” customer is the king , no doubt that in today’s scenario customers are more than king, rather they are now worshiped as God.

21st century is all about customer satisfaction. Now marketing is not just about selling the products but it is about selling the right product, to right person at right price and at right time.Today we have various marketing strategies which helps the companies and entrepreneurs to know their customer first, before developing a product or a service. They focus more on communication and consumer choices and then decide the price and the design of the product. so basically we can say that consumer are the geese who lay golden eggs everyday.

Now a whole lot of system is developed just to track the consumers needs to satisfy them. Isn’t it great that a company spends so much money just to keep their customers happy ? But that doesn’t mean the company is not making profit, well the company which takes care of their customers eventually end up having more profit. if a company has great marketing strategies and have loyal customers then it can easily grow and can also run for long term.

Apart from customer satisfaction today’s marketing is also all about going digital. Yes, so here i would be stating the importance of digital marketing in today’s era . Digital marketing has evolved a lot more in these years, with the help of this skill one can not only track their customer’s needs but, can also make money out of it. digital marketing helps the company to grow their brand and also helps the companies to understand their customers in a more easy way. In order to make a product unique digital marketing plays a crucial role.

Change in marketing concepts shows how far marketing has changed. starting from production concept to marketing concept everything has changed and have changed for good. i don’t know how the future of marketing will be but i am sure it will be more scientific , more valuable and more customer oriented.

Students And The Pandemic

Amid COVID-19 pandemic, record 98.82 per cent students pass in ...

the coronavirus pandemic has already affected atleast 188 countries with more than 14.5 million confirmed cases. The virus has not only killed 6 lac people but has also made countries experience their worst economic crises. The pandemic has indirectly affected people in many ways, starting from poor to rich, everyone is facing one or more problems. It has forced some powerful countries with largest economy to impose lockdown which has affected many communities, not because the government wants to destroy their own economy but because there is no other choice left to save people. Countries now are in their worst condition, as they are in situation where they know that in order to save lives, their decisions and strategies will indirectly affect many communities.

Among all other communities, students are one such community who are also facing a lot of problems. Yes it is true that their difficulties and issues might not be greater and even equal to the difficulties faced by health officials, police forces, daily-wage earners, LGBTQ community or any other human being who is seriously affected due to the pandemic, but yet we can not ignore the problems faced by the students since they are the future of the country.

It has already been 4 months since the lockdown was declared for the first time in India. So probably 23rd of march was the last day for students at their schools and college. school students were then very happy about the 15 day lockdown since they thought they will be joining their respective schools after this mini vacation but little did they know that this little vacation of theirs will go on forever.

All sort of educational institutions were forced to close their doors for the safety of their students,but students are atleast now able to cope up with their studies through virtual classes. But unfortunately not all are able to access online classes since it requires good connectivity and most of the students are unable to attend their classes because of poor network. Especially students living in remote or rural areas are facing this particular problem. Government has failed to address this issue since students can only depend upon internet to continue learning. Apart from that we understand that online classes are a good option to continue learning but not the best when compared to classroom learning.

The Dangers of Keeping the Schools Closed – AIER

Student – teacher interaction is something which is lacking in online classes, and hence it decreases their motivation to study. It is quite understandable that such problems will arise in such a situation and it can not be avoided. Students have to manage their studies during this crises, since there is no other option left. This pandemic has also left final year students in a great confusion as they are not sure whether they will be having exams or not. Most of the companies have also withdrawn their offer letters from the students which is another sad thing faced by the final year students. Till now nobody addressed these issues faced by the students and no serious decisions are taken regarding this.

All i know is, that it took a whole pandemic to make students realize the importance of classroom teaching. Nobody knows for how long educational institutions will remain closed, but i am sure all of them are badly waiting for that day when they will be able to learn in their classrooms.

Hard Work vs Smart Work

Working Hard vs Working Smart - UrbanAreas.net

There’s always a debate going on whether to prefer hard work or smart work. An American religious leader Gordon B. Hinckley once said “without hardwork nothing grows but weeds” which clearly states that hard work is something without which success can not be expected. But when it comes to today’s date do you still believe the same ? Years back people did not have access to proper education, people then managed to survive by working hard either in their fields or by working under merchants. All they knew was to work hard in order to have a simple and happy life but days are not the same now. Everything has changed now, people are way more smart now and are reaching new heights by using their smartness.

People now use their brain more to live a happy life, gone are those days when people physically struggled to get their work done. I believe smart work is something which has taken a great from in recent days. In order to be successful people are now focusing more on their smartness than working hard. It is believed that people who focus more on smart work use their brain more efficiently and try to find out even easy ways to get their work done when compared to hard workers.

Smart work requires a lot of analysis. A few hours of analysis can help a person to achieve success even faster. It is also believed that smart workers not only complete their work in less time with utmost efficiency but also lead a stress free life since they don’t invest more time in working hard. Many world leaders including our very own prime minister believe the concept of smart work is way more successful than the concept of hard work. In fact companies like Amazon, TCS , Infosys and many other similar successful companies are majorly interested to recruit smart workers than hard workers because they understand that only smart workers can achieve the organisational goals in a short span of time. Top business leaders now believe that smart work is the new hard work and hence are now hunting people who are good at working smart.

But is it okay to completely ignore hard work ? no it isn’t because hard work might take a long time to give a positive result but smart work is something whose result might not be positive everytime. Initially when a person tries to work smart it is expected that he/she will be facing failures a couple of times but once the concept of smart work is understood everything becomes very easy. Also as i said hard work can not be ignored in order to have a successful future or in order to balance the work life. Smart work combined with hard work results in fast and long lasting success and thus makes life easier. Well i think the time has come where we have to focus more on smart work than hard work in order to work efficiently.

Product Positioning And It’s Importance

8 Customer Buying Trends: Food & Beverage

Product positioning, the concept of this market strategy is not as easy as it sounds. It is a strategy which helps the company keep ideal bond with their customers. As an outsider we might think it’s not even a big deal for the companies to keep good relations with their customers since they have so much money and they can spend it to keep their customers happy. But that’s not how it works. Companies struggle a lot to do so. Before that let me tell you what is product positioning. Product positioning is a strategy that is used by the companies to permanently position their product in the mind of their customers. It is a very essential strategy especially when a company introduces a new product.

Product positioning is not just about occupying the consumers mind but is rather to occupy the minds of the consumers as an ideal product so that they don’t prefer other competitor’s product. But the questions arises , why is that necessary to position a product and why can’t companies ignore product positioning ? well the most simple answer to this is that customers are always overloaded with information and always get confused between similar products and end up buying another competitor’s product. In order to avoid such confusions and situations companies focus on product positioning.

Also as i said earlier it takes a whole lot of planning to position a product since it’s not that easy to control the perception of the customers because in the world of marketing, it gets very difficult to create and erase an impression. If the strategy is implemented in a proper manner then the chances of changing the perception of the consumer towards the product increases. Yes product positioning is all about perception, impressions and feelings a customer has towards a product.

The strategy of positioning is always implemented during the 1st stage of product lifecycle which is the introduction phase of the product, and the product can be positioned on various grounds and factors such as quality, durability , pricing and many more. Also most of the time some companies like Patanjali try to position their products as a common man’s product where as some superior companies such as Apple position their products as a premium or a luxury products.

Positioning can be done by various means and the most common mean is advertisement. Majority of the companies agree that advertisement is the most favorable way to position their products in the mind of their target customers. A well planned advertisement makes it easy for the companies to position their product also apart from this there are several factors as well, which can be used to position the product such as good packaging, good pricing strategies, after purchase services and etc.

Thus that’s how product positioning works, looks easy but is way too complicated for the companies as they have to do proper analysis before trying out this strategy. Chances of failure and success depends upon the way the company decides to position their product, but they can not avoid it since that’s how they will be increasing the demand for their products.

Mumbai and pune to help test oxford’s covid vaccine

Coronavirus Vaccine updates: AstraZeneca-Oxford University's COVID ...

Maharastra the 2nd largest and 3rd most populated state of India reported it’s first corona case on 9th march 2020 in Pune . Slowly maharastra went on to become the hotspot for covid-19 and claims one third of the total corona cases in India. Also the state has the highest number of deaths with a fatality rate of 4.3%. On today’s date Mumbai has the most number of confirmed cases where as Pune has the most number of active cases.

Both the cities Mumbai and Pune comes under red zone area and are still considered as hotspot for covid-19. But irrespective of this situation these two cities will contribute towards the trail of vaccine.

Pune based serum institute of India partnered with Oxford to manufacture the vaccine developed by Oxford university in large volumes. The institute will start vaccine trail on 5k people in pune and Mumbai by august end. The company’s chief executive Adar poonawalla said the company is putting 200 million dollars at risk by manufacturing 300 million doses before the company gets the permission the launch the vaccine.

It is said that the vaccine produced by the Oxford university is safe. Preliminary results have shown that it causes no harm to human being and induces immune reaction. The university itself announced that it shows satisfactory progress and it can be the vaccine for corona virus.

The university has tied up with the serum institute to supply the vaccine to 60 countries including India which has a total population of 3 billion also they expect the vaccine to get ready by the year end which comes out to be positive relief for the indians.

IITs and NITs dropped 12th percentage as admission criteria

IIT seats: Good news for girl students

The corona virus pandemic has affected almost every sector and community in India and World wide. Due to the pandemic schools failed to organize exams at right time since the country was forced to impose lockdown for the safety of the people. The lockdown not only forced the schools to close but the center also had to cancel the remaining exams of class 10th and 12th. Initially the center postponed the dates for the exams and directed state govertments to postpone the state board exams as well for the betterment of students.

But as the corona cases elevated in the country, parents got more concerned for their children. The CBSE then decided to conduct exams between july 1 to july 15 but concerned parents filed a plea in the supreme court amid the increase in the number of corona cases across the country. CBSE while considering the parents concern decided to declare the results on the basis of exam already conducted and to calculate it on an average basis with internal assessment marks of the remaining subjects.

students especially 12th pass outs were most concerned for their next step, but now they have some good news. IIT have relaxed the admission criteria for 2020 batch. Earlier students required atleast 75% to get eligible for IIT but now this criteria has been scrapped out by the the premier institute IIT.

According to new rule any student with any percentage is eligible for IIT. A student only needs to qualify the JEE MAINS since IITs will accept JEE rank holders irrespective of their 12th percentage. Followed by this NIT also scrapped the same the criteria, this premier institute will also only ask for 12th passing certificate and JEE rank for admissions. This news is a great relief for the students who were preparing for such premiere institutes but due to the current situation couldn’t do well in boards.

VOID AND VOIDABLE MARRIAGES

VOID MARRIAGES

Section 11 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 provides Void marriages as – Any marriage solemnised after the commencement of this Act shall be null and void and may, on a petition presented by either party thereto against the other party, be so declared by a decree of nullity if it contravenes any one of the conditions specified in clauses (i), (iv) and (v) of section 5.

A marriage may be solemnised in the sense that the parties to it have gone through the customary rites and ceremonies of either party thereto as laid down in Section 7. However, such a marriage to be valid must in any event fulfill three of the conditions enacted in Section 5. The three conditions are:

  • Neither party has a spouse living at the time of the marriage [clause (i)];
  • The parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship, unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two [clause (iv)];
  • The parties are not sapindas of each other, unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two [clause (v)].

Section 11 is not applicable to marriage solemnised before the commencement of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 though such marriage may be void. The present section in terms lay down that non-fulfillment of any one of these conditions render a marriage solemnised after the commencement of the Act, null and void from its inception, and either party to such marriage can obtain a decree of nullity from the Court.

A decree of nullity may be passed by the court at the instance of either party to the marriage solemnised after the commencement of the Act on the ground that the marriage was in contravention of any of the three conditions mentioned in the section. Either party to the subsequent marriage can seek relief and not necessarily the aggrieved party i.e. first wife during the subsistence of whose marriage the husband takes second wife has no right to move for declaration of nullity of the subsequent marriage. However, under Specific Relief Act such a petition could be moved by the wife of first marriage for declaration that second marriage of her husband is illegal and void.

VOIDABLE MARRIAGE

Section 12 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 provides Voidable marriages as – (1) Any marriage solemnised, whether before or after the commencement of this Act, shall be voidable and may be annulled by a decree of nullity on any of the following grounds, namely:

(a) that the marriage has not been consummated owing to the impotence of the respondent; or

(b) that the marriage is in contravention of the condition specified in clause (ii) of section 5; or

(c) that the consent of the petitioner, or where the consent of the guardian in marriage of the petitioner was required under section 5 as it stood immediately before the commencement of the Child Marriage Restraint (Amendment) Act, 1978 (2 of 1978), the consent of such guardian was obtained by force or by fraud as to the nature of the ceremony or as to any material fact or circumstances concerning the respondent; or

 (d) that the respondent was at the time of the marriage pregnant by some person other than the petitioner.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), no petition for annulling a marriage

(a) on the ground specified in clause (c) of sub-section (1) shall be entertained if

(i) the petition is presented more than one year after the force had ceased to operate or, as the case may be, the fraud had been discovered; or

(ii) the petitioner has, with his or her full consent, lived with the other party to the marriage as husband or wife after the force had ceased to operate or, as the case may be, the fraud had been discovered;

(b) on the ground specified in clause (d) of sub-section (1) shall be entertained unless the court is satisfied

(i) that the petitioner was at the time of the marriage ignorant of the facts alleged;

(ii) that proceedings have been instituted in the case of a marriage solemnised before the commencement of this Act within one year of such commencement and in the case of marriages solemnised after such commencement within one year from the date of the marriage; and

(iii) that marital intercourse with the consent of the petitioner has not taken place since the discovery by the petitioner of the existence of the said ground.

A voidable marriage is a perfectly valid marriage so long it is not avoided. A voidable marriage can be avoided only on the petition of one of the parties to the marriage; if one of the parties dies before the marriage is annulled no one can challenge the marriage. The marriage will remain valid foe ever and children of such marriage are legitimate. But once voidable marriage is annulled the decree is given retrospective effect from the date of the marriage. The marriage is deemed to have been void for all purposes from its inception and parties are deemed have never been husband and wife and children are deemed to have been illegitimate, subject to Section 16 which lays down that the children of annulled voidable and void marriages are legitimate children. (Rameswari Devi v. State of Bihar, AIR 2000 SC).

A marriage may be annulled by a decree of nullity under Section 12 on any of the grounds namely:

  • Impotency
  • Unsoundness of mind
  • Consent obtained by force or fraud
  • Pregnancy of the wife by someone else at the time of marriage

Consumer Protection Act-2019

Consumer Protection Act to be implemented from July 20; here's how ...

Consumer protection act, 2019 – an act of the parliament of India comes into force. This new act came into force on 20th july 2020, by replacing a 34 years old Consumer Protection Act 1986. This Act will be very helpful for the consumers as the act will empower consumers and will help them exercise their rights. To check the rights of the consumers various notified rules and provisions were developed.

This new law was announced by the Consumer Affairs Minister Shri Ram vilas Paswan, he said that consumer protection act will promote, protect and enforce the rights of consumers and released a set of rules that comes under the act . The law will not only protect the interest of consumers but will also prevent unfair trade practices, buying and selling of unsafe goods and will take care of misleading advertisements. also anybody following such practices will be imposed with penalties and punishments.

So basically this law gives more powers to consumers through various rules related to consumer protection council, product liability, penalty for unsafe goods, penalty for unfair trade practices and consumer disputes redressal commissions. Also the this time this law has few rules for the prevention of unfair trade practice by E-commerce such as every E-commerce should provide proper information of the product, information related to return, refund and also they are bound to include the country of origin of the product.

Consumer Protection Act, 2019: Meaning and Key Features

To check if all these regulations are rightly exercised or not, the central goverment has established an organisation known as CCPA. CCPA which stands for central consumer protection authority is established to conduct investigations on unsafe goods, unfair trade practices,misleading advertisements and they also have the right to impose penalties.

Apart from this some new provisions are also developed such as dispute resolution process are simplified as state and district commissions can review their own orders and also simplified the process to approach the consumer commission through e-filing of complaints and hearings through video conferencing. Hence these new rules are developed totally in the favour of consumers so that they can easily exercise their rights.