Child Labor and the miserable fate of unprivileged children.

Youth is the future of the country. if this statement is true. Then why our country is not able to eradicate the sin of child labor? we encounter the term child labor every time. and take it very casually. That’s the reason it still prevails within our society. we can find children doing work in

Every city, lane, and corner of society. We have been taught since our childhood that child labor is wrong. the future is in the hand of the young fellow who is making their livelihoods in factories, big industries, and local vendors and shops working endlessly.

Why this young fellow has to deprived of their education? why their childhood is stolen from them? why do they bear to do the work from such a young age? While other children are enjoying their childhood.Why some unprivileged kids have to work with heavy machinery and weapons under a huge risk to their health, just to earn a two-figure income to afford a single meal. children have to resort to working and earning, instead of learning. who is responsible for their worst situation? The ones who should be earning are the young and unemployed youth, who are sitting at home without any scope for jobs. who will take responsibility for them? The need of the hour is to provide these children education They are the future of India, and they deserve an education.

Child labor means exploitation of children through any work that deprives them of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and is mentally, physically, socially, or morally harmful. The practice of child labor is a crime ad people employing it people are the biggest criminals of Indian society. Another reason why child labor is wrong is that by making a child work, we are decreasing the quality of our education system and spoiling the innocent life of that child.

These children are suffering in the dark world of mental and physical pressure. by allowing these children to work in our houses and societies, as by employing them we are spoiling their future and career.

child labor is the evil part of society and needs to be eliminated.

By taking the labor of children we are spoiling the life of an innocent child for their cheap labor and our selfish motives. If we want to maintain the quality of the education system, we have to educate children, especially those from rural areas who are deprived of education, basic amenities, and other advancement opportunities.

For the progress of society and our economy, this evil practice needs to be removed. so that our economy will be balanced so flawlessly that there will be no cases of poverty and child labor in the upcoming years. We should not forget that child labor arises from poverty, so we need to eradicate their poverty level through the power of education leading them towards their career goals.

The lack of knowledge and skill leads to child labor. Therefore the need for time is to increase the accessibility of education to everyone. we need to start moe initiatives like mid-day meal. to increase the reach of students to education.

Digital Disparity.

Covid19 expanded the digital divide. And shows the disparities within the society between the rural and urban, rich and poor. Lockdown compelled the shift to the virtual model. some of the students managed to receive an education without any obstacles. but many unprivileged students have been deprived of it. resulted in drop out of college and institutes due to the financial crisis of lockdown. Before the pandemic differences prevail in access to education but corona widened the gap. Rural areas have severe internet connectivity problems but Half of India’s population is living in rural parts of the country.

India is the second-largest populated country in the world. But it is a developing country. to maintain education for all during the lockdown when the schools are shut is quite challenging. the digital divide between the government and private institutes can be witnessed. Virtual learning wasn’t much challenging for private school students. Unlike the students of the government schools, who didn’t have access to the digital equipment. the Unprivileged children can’t afford access to quality internet and gadgets. Thus being deprived of education. The right to education is meaningless in the covid scenario. The government needs to bridge the digital divide to ensure students’ education. Some students are ahead of others. As many students drop out of school due to financial problems.

Access to the internet on their mobile phones is a matter of concern as well. The need of the time is to provide digital infrastructure and tools access to unprivileged ones to access online classes. The digital divide has led to incidences of student suicides. many students committed suicide after drop out. Even in urban areas, disparities prevail. those living in slumps and downtrodden areas can’t afford education.

The government needs to focus on technology and extending the vision of digital India.

Those who have access to education face many hurdles such as in assembling notes, in paying attention due to bad network coverage. Getting time to do self-study is also difficult. preparation of online tests is another problem. seeking notes from some of the online sources is also difficult because some websites charge for the subscription which is not possible for everyone. students have to sit in front of the computer screen for many hours and Practical knowledge is not possible during the pandemic because it is hard for the students to perform practical virtually. even for teachers, it is difficult to prepare presentations for the students.

pandemic hit increases our dependence on technology. The focus had always been on practical knowledge and skills. we are being actively tested for our knowledge without any proper structure of assessment. Most importantly, not all teachers are not good at technical stuff to manage classes or material distribution.

. COVID-19 also raised prominent questions about the need, significance, and value of virtual learning platforms. The majority of the students have been affected negatively and therefore the government should come up with such education policies that would benefit all the students. Common people also need to volunteer to lead a hand to needy people.

The complex paradigm of streams.

“Now what?”This question every student encounter in life after completing school. A career plan is the most significant and difficult question of life. Our whole life depends on this small question. Sometimes we choose our path and sometimes our society decides for us.

The question “What do I want to do in life?” is hard to answer.

It is tough for a school student to find their path at such a young age, because of the complicated model of ‘streams’. Studying science means you are limited to the medical and the engineering line. Studying commerce means being captured in chartered accountancy, banking, and finance and learning humanities imply that I must choose to become a lawyer or journalist.

The problem is the high competition within society The tragic fact is that we can never come back from this model of education, studies, and streams. we don’t have the right to choose subjects that are a combination of different streams. The reason streams are a challenge for us is that they directly affect our careers. Choosing a career is choosing life. As a career is related to financial independence. The question became more significant. every parent expects from there child to pursue a career that has the reputation, high earning prospect, and quite popular in society. Boys, in particular, are supposed to choose a career that can support their families financially one day. Today passion and happiness don’t matter when it comes to a career. The thing that matters for society is the reputation of the career. For society, boys should not go for teaching jobs, fashion designing and cooking are something that society doesn’t consider ideal jobs. some jobs are called ‘feminine jobs’ not meant for boys. Like cooking is related to females. Some jobs get undermined like fashion designing is compared to tailoring.

Students’ choices are also impacted badly by the stereotypes and repercussions. and they have to choose paths unwillingly as per society’s concern. Even though we are heading towards an impartial society, such differences prevail in our society. The ‘pay scale’ affects the choice of career. Women are still paid less and the gender pay gap continues to widen.

Lack of awareness of new opportunities is a major challenge that school students face. We are not aware of the options beyond the ‘visible careers’. Visible careers are those careers that we see in everyday life, such as doctors, teachers, engineers, journalists, politicians, and businessmen. We lack knowledge about other options we have. There is a world beyond these visible careers: such as being a therapist, an urban planner, a singer, a beautician, a blogger.

so many jobs are available now because of the internet. such jobs can provide a great opportunity to the newcomer. Like social media marketing, a YouTuber, a blogger, a digital marketer. But the problem is students don’t have access to and knowledge of this career.

Your career should be based on your strengths. The best choice of career comes from one’s passions and hobbies. Your career should inspire you and be the reason for your existence. It is you who can decide your career, not others. and being yourself and the following passion makes you happier.

World Laughter Day!

A day without laughter is a day wasted…!!!
Charlie Chaplin

We all know that laughter is one of the best therapy to heal a person. There are many laughter clubs and stand-up comedians who are trying to make people laugh through various antics and therapies. Today is the day to celebrate this best therapy; WORLD LAUGHTER DAY!

Let’s understand how this day came into existence,

It was established in the year of 1998 by Dr. Madan Kataria in Mumbai, India. Dr. Kataria was the founder of the worldwide Laughter Yoga movement. He was very much impressed with the Facial Feedback hypothesis. This hypothesis suggests the connection of someone’s facial expression to their emotions. This was the basis of the foundation of World Laughter Day by Dr. Kataria and his main aim was to promote health and positivity through laughter.

Every Year, World Laughter Day is celebrated on first Sunday of May. It is marked on 2 May this year. In the middle of the pandemic this day is acting as a ray of hope and brings out a little positivity amidst all these crises. Laughter day is celebrated for the positive manifestation of World peace and to promote global brotherhood and friendship. On this day people come together for some moments of time and laugh their hearts out. It was first celebrated in Mumbai in 2008.

We all know how beneficial laughter is to us. Let’s take a look at some of those benefits:

ABS through laughter?: Yes, you read that right. Studies have shown that laughter works just like those ab-workouts. So this means you can also have toned abs without having to do those crunches or HIIT Ab workouts. Thank God!
Improves Cardiac Health: If a person is unable to do a cardio workout, he can just laugh because laughter is considered as one of the best Cardio workouts one can do. When a person laughs, there is an increase in the pumping of heart which gradually improves the cardiac health of the person. It is like those sale which says Buy 1, Get 1 free! Laughter not only gives you better physical health but also enables you to have a mental peace providing a good mental health.
Reduces Stress: One of the main problem experienced by today’s generation is the stress. Every other person is stressed in one way or the other. When a person laughs the anxiety and stress hormones are cut off hence enabling the person to feel better. It is thus used by many doctors as a therapy against several mental disorders.
Releases Endorphins: Endorphins are the natural pain killers produced by our body. When a person laughs, it enables our pituitary gland to release endorphins which gradually allows a person to feel better and more pleasant overall.
Lowers Blood pleasure: Laughter impacts our blood pressure levels lowering the risks of stroke or a heart attack.

If we can simply have so many benefits just be laughing then why not let’s just laugh for sometime. Kindly spare 5 minutes of your time to see the following video:

Video By: Rituals Cosmetics Global

As you can see how a simple laughter can bring a smile on so many faces. You can watch some comedy shows, movies or even some stand-up comedies on this laughter day. Let us promise to celebrate every day as a laughter day. Keep laughing your hearts out! Stay Happy, Stay Healthy.

The Foundation Day of Maharashtra.

With the dream city as its capital, Maharashtra is the second most populous state of the country. Along with being the most industrialised state of the nation, it is also the largest contributor to the GDP of India. It is ‘The Land of the Valiants’. The Ganesh Chaturthi celebration of this state is one of the famous festivals contributing to the economy of the nation. ‘Laal Bagh cha Raja’ in Mumbai is a great tourist attraction.

Let’s start with the history of the state:

Shahaji Bhosale was the first Maratha to establish his independent rule. His legacy was continued by his son Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, the one who is credited for the major expansion of the Maratha Empire.
The Marathas are largely attributed for ending the Mughal rule in India.
They were the chief participants in the Third battle of Panipat in the year 1751.
The rule of Marathas came to an end after the third Anglo-Maratha war. Though their rule ended their power was both appreciated and feared by the people.

“India contains no more than two great powers, British and Maratha, and every other state acknowledges the influence of one or the other. Every inch that we recede will be occupied by them.’ Charles Metcalfe, Governor-General wrote in 1806.

The first railway line of the nation was laid between Bori Bunder and Thane in 1853.
The first textile Mill was set up in Mumbai in 1854. Mumbai became one of the most important ports on western coast overtaking Surat.
Bombay became one of the most important presidencies under the British rule. The second University in India was established here after the University of Calcutta in 1857.
After partition both the Gujarati and the Marathi people demanded a new state on the basis of their language. On 1 May 1960, their demands were fulfilled dividing the Bombay presidency into two states; Gujarat and Maharashtra.

Having a rich history, Maharashtra is also known for its various tourists spots. Some of the main tourists attraction of the state are:

The city of dreams, Mumbai.
‘The Oxford of the east’ and the IT centre of the nation, Pune.
The Hill stations like Lonawala, Mahabaleshwar, Khandala, Palghar and Matheran (the cutest hill station of India).
The famous temples of Nashik and Shirdi.
The historic cities like Aurangabad, Ahmednagar, Kolhapur, etc.
The majestic Ajanta and Ellora caves, Elephanta caves are the important UNESCO World Heritage sites of the state.
Sharing a coastline with Arabian Sea the state is endowed with numerous beaches and in-land fresh water lakes.
Many forts like that of Raigarh, Rajmachi, Pratapgarh, Sinhagarh, Kolaba, mark the historic importance of the state.
Adlabs Imagica is one of the best amusement parks in the country.

And the list goes on. Maharashtra has given many famous:

Valiant leaders like: Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Rani Laxmi Bai, Peshwa Bajirao, Ahilya Bai Holkar, etc.
Independence warriors like: Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Tantia Tope, Vasudev Balwant Phadke, etc.
Revolutionaries like: B.R. Ambedkar, Jyoti Rao Phule, Vinoba Bhave, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, etc.

One of the most famous politician Bal Thackeray formed the party Shiv Sena for the welfare of the common man in Maharashtra.

Marathi people take pride for their valiant Heritage and celebrate the foundation of this state every year with great joy. Maharashtra is a must visit state for every Indian. Lets celebrate this pride with the recitation of ‘JAI MAHARASHTRA…!’

JAI JAI GARVI GUJARAT…!

61 years ago from today, foundation of a state named Gujarat was done in India. Known for its rich culture and heritage, Gujarat is the fifth-largest state in the country. It is well known for its industrialization and diamonds. Surat is the city where most of the diamonds of the world are imported to get polished. Gujarat is one of the major contributor in country’s economy. What makes this state more popular is the rate of unemployment which is surprisingly low here and also the title of manufacturing hub of India. It is also one of the greatest producer of cotton. The textile industries have played a great significance in building up the industrialization in the nation.

Let’s take a virtual tour of Gujarat and for that let us know a little history of the state:

Gujarat was one of the main centres of the Indus Valley civilization. It comprises the ancient cities like Lothal, Dholavira, Gola Dhoro etc. Lothal is considered one of the first seaports of the world.
The popular temple of Somnath, Gujarat was looted by Muhammad Ghori.
The Architectural style of Gujarat was used by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in the incarnations of Fatehpur Sikri.
Surat was one of the most important ports for trading. It was popularly known as ‘Gateway to the east’.
Historic events like the Kheda Satyagraha and Dandi March were witnessed by this state.
After partition, Gujarat was a part of a large province called Bombay with the capital city Bombay (present- Mumbai).
When every state was being divided on the basis of the language, the Gujarati and Marathi speaking people demanded different states for themselves.
On 1 May 1960, their demand was fulfilled with the state of Gujarat for Gujarati speaking people and the state of Maharashtra for Marathi speaking people.
The first capital of Gujarat was Ahmedabad, which was later moved to Gandhinagar in 1970.

Places to visit in Gujarat:

Rann of Kachchh, One of the most beautiful yet surreal places in India with its white desert is a must visit for every Indian in their lifetime.
Gir National Park, A home for Asiatic lions.
Saputara Hill Station.
Statue of Unity.
Historic cities like Dholavira with the remarkable excavation of Indus Valley Civilization.
Famous temples of Dwarka and Somanth.
The city of Junagadh with its historical monuments.
AMUL (Anand Milk Udhyog Limited) Industry in the Anand district.
The Hills of Pavagadh and Girnar embedded with the stories of Mohammad Begda (Be-Gad: Two Hills) portraying communal unity in India.
With a coastline of 1600 kilometres, Gujarat is also famous for its different beaches. Kandla, one of the most important ports of India is found in this state.

And many more. People also find their interest in visiting the cities of Ahmedabad, Surat, and Vadodara. Ahmedabaad is also known as ‘The Manchester of India’. Tarnetar fair and the Rann Utsav are some of the famous fair-festival of this state after Navratri, main festival of the state.

Gujarat’s development was acknowledged by people when the earthquake hit the district Bhuj in the year 2001. An immense destruction was caused to the life and the property. When nobody was expecting the normalcy in the district for at least 5 to 6 years, to one’s surprise the damage was refurbished in about 2 years. Besides development, Gujarat is also known to be one of the safest state for women.

Gujarat marks the birth of great political leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Indulal Yagnik, of famous Businessmen like Mukesh Ambani, Gautam Adani, of famous poets like Zaverchand Meghani, Narsih Mehta, Umashankar Joshi etc. It is indeed the land where ‘great personalities’ are born.

Gujarati people take pride in celebrating the birth of this exemptionary state reciting ‘JAI JAI GARVI GUJARAT…’

THE DEADLY CORONA VIRUS AND ITS MECHANISM OF INFECTION

The word coronavirus and the virus itself has been hovering around each one of us since 2020. Its been more than a year and the human race, which is regarded as the owner of the most intelligent brain has been unsuccessful in finding a permanent solution to the ongoing global pandemic situation. But, do you know what is this tiny, invisible organism which has proven “deadly” to the most advanced and the most evolved body system on the earth? Yes, you are right, it’s a ‘virus’! So, today let us initiate a step forward to understand the mechanism of infection of the Covid-19 virus.

MECHANISM OF MULTIPLICATION OF COVID-19

As soon as the virus comes in contact with a human cell, the receptors present on the surface of the human cell attach to the virus. ( These Receptors have an affinity towards a specific kind of molecule or a virus). The coronavirus binds to these receptors following the introduction of the viral RNA into the normal human cell. The viral RNA thus undergoes reverse transcription (the process of formation of DNA from RNA) which leads to the incorporation of the viral DNA into the host genome( human cell). The infected human cell undergoes its normal processes and along with its own RNA, it also produces a new viral RNA which finally leads to the further multiplication of the virus which in turn are ready to infect other cells .

This is the complex mechanism of the multiplication of the Covid-19 virus. The virus directly attacks your lung cells and makes the respiratory system completely dysfunctional.

Therefore, it is very crucial to block the entry of the virus itself using masks and avoiding touch of infected surfaces. Remember, the number of people getting infected or the number of deaths are not just numbers, they are the families who spend each minute of their lives in tears with burning hearts. Save yourself, save your family.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Education

All of us should be on survival mode for the near future because we have to make sure we get over this crisis.

– Mohandas Pai

The petrifying and severe impact of COVID-19 has shaken the world to its core. The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on education – both negative and positive. What exactly are the risks and opportunities brought about by Coronavirus?

Unfortunately, most of the countries around the globe have temporarily closed nearly all the educational institutions in an attempt to arrest the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic amongst the people of that particular country. In India too, the government as a part of the nationwide lockdown has closed all educational institutions, as a consequence of which students and learners ranging from school going children to doctoral students, are adversely affected.

These nationwide closures are impacting over 91% of the worlds’ student population as per the data stated by the UNESCO. Several other countries have implemented localized closures adversely affecting a huge no of additional learners. India has nearly 300 million kids enrolled in about 1.4 million schools. In India, almost 70% of the schools are run and managed by government bodies. This data alertly indicates that India and its old age education system are in verge of a major crisis. Scholars, leaders, intellectuals, social workers and policy makers should have to take this matter seriously like any other priorities they are tackling with on a war footing basis. In fact, this is the worst nightmare of the 21st century wherein if taken lightly would tremendously affect the progress of a nation for 3 generations. Education is the backbone of a great nation, and if education is affected the quality of human resource automatically gets affected.

We will also have to look at the impact from two lenses – an urban lens and a rural one. In urban centres, I do not foresee a lot of negative impact. Majority of schools have moved to online classes and are continuing as per their academic calendar. Students at home have access to the internet and in some cases their own individual device as well. The only thing expected from them and their parents is self discipline. Which I understand is a lot to ask for. It may therefore lead to some gaps in learning and may have an impact on the academic scores of students this year. But in the longer run, this is not very serious as I am sure these students will more than make up for it.

Once you look at it from the rural lens, the situation is not so good. While urban students have access to online learning from school and so many apps to keep them entertained, the government school kids have no such sources of learning or engagement. When the lockdown was announced, we spoke to a lot of our government school teachers, who sounded really worried. They feared that if students do not come to school, they may get absorbed in unsocial activities which may harm their lives. The girl students would be heavily involved in household chores leaving them with no time to study. And many students they feared may never return to school.

Nevertheless, Covid-19 has prompted experts to rethink the conventional mode of education. Digital education appears to be a viable solution to fill in the void for classroom education for a period of three to four months while minimizing the chances of any infection to students until classes resume, but isn’t a long-term solution. Universities require high-speed internet and education delivery platforms or learning management systems, besides stable IT infrastructure and faculty members who are comfortable teaching online. Students also need high-speed internet and computers/mobiles to attend these sessions or watch pre-recorded classes. l

On the greener side, the situation has also stimulated immediate activation of certain long-pending changes in imparting education in India. Virtual labs/ tutorial videos have entered the curriculum of higher-degree courses and school education and students can better relate with the possibilities of conceptual learning. There has also been a shift in paradigm to focus more on concepts rather than rote-learning and students have also got time to work on their problem-solving skills by practice. Need is the mother of invention and traditional educators who were wary of advanced online teaching courses are now realizing the potential of online resources. Their scepticism about online resources and tools are also wading off and they are embracing the change in teaching methods without losing essence of classical teaching methods. Students are being encouraged to learn with project-based learning methods and instead of getting embroiled in the rat-race of numbers, students are exploring the benefits of the extension of concept-learning through these projects.

Although the sudden emergence of pandemic and emergency measures to restrict assemblies has thwarted the school-educational system, it can also be a potential catalyst for realizing the need to slowly and steadily revamp our educational structure and curriculum for the benefit of students. The present situation might be a good opportunity to concise the school educational curriculum, focus only on the essential concepts, incorporate self-tutoring learning resources and restructure a evaluative curriculum for students so that even students from rural areas bereft of access to online-resources are not adversely affected. These necessary changes will subside anxiety and usher in optimism (even at psychological level) for students struggling to recuperate with the prevalent conditions forced by the pandemic. A more palatable curriculum is the need of the hour.

To conclude, we all know that the pandemic is here to stay for some time. The situation may force educational institutions to come up with innovative ways in which the current challenges of imparting online education can be addressed. Alternatively, India could finally witness a much needed change in its educational system where practical application of concepts is given a higher priority than theoretical “rote learning”.

Lessons we learned from the coronavirus pandemic

Do face masks really reduce coronavirus spread? Experts have mixed answers. | Live Science

Coronavirus has already created a havoc in the world by taking the lives of around 571,574 people. Where as till now almost 13,036,587 people have been infected by COVID-19. This is the first mega pandemic which has caused so much panic among the people. This virus doesn’t know how to discriminate people and has ended up infecting all kinds of people from all sides of the world. It successfully forced some powerful countries with the largest economy to impose shutdown. many people in their lifetime might have never witnessed something like this, which can force the world to shutdown.

But don’t you think this pandemic happened because of we people only ? Can we say that this is the karma we are facing for destroying our environment and killing poor animals ? We people have always taken our environment for granted. some scientists think that corona virus originated in bats and could have been transmitted from that. Also huge amount of corona virus traces were found in the meat market of wuhan and the city had to stop the trade of live animal sales because that’s where COVID-19 started. So basically people like us are the reason behind this pandemic. By considering the brightest part of this situation we have rediscovered some values, because we realized that everyone in the world is vulnerable to crises, irrespective of religion, wealth and economy. So let’s know what are the lessons we learned from corona virus pandemic.

SOME MAJOR LESSONS LEARNED :

How to wash your hands and how long it takes to get clean - Insider

Hygiene habits : A habit which we are well aware of now. We have all been taught to wash our hands everytime we have been to a place. Earlier we didn’t wash our hands from time to time but now this pandemic has forced us to get few of our good habits back. Rather on today’s date washing hands is a game changer habit to keep the virus away from you. Washing hands with just water in not just enough rather we learned to wash our hands more often with soap, which plays a vital role in killing germs and viruses. Hence we rediscovered the value of washing hands again!

focus on personal health : Before pandemic we never bothered about our health, we were more into junk foods and less into healthy foods. This pandemic has made us realized the importance of our own health. The more careless we are towards our health the more problems we invite. During this pandemic we have started living a healthy life. people now exercise more often and go for healthy drinks and foods. Because now we understand the importance of having a strong immune system and therefore now we are more conscious about our health. Now we understand the real meaning of “Health Is Wealth” , because money might not save you but a strong immune system can.

Before-and-after photos that show how lockdowns reduced air pollution - Insider

Responsibility towards environment : We all can see how our environment is healing during this pandemic. We people are the reason behind the calamities that take place in our earth. Our irresponsibility and carelessness are the only reason for what we are facing today. But the shutdown has given our environment ample time to heal and ample time to we people to think about the destruction we have caused to our planet. The sky and water bodies are more cleaner now, animals and birds are roaming freely without getting scared because there are less cars in the streets, yes the nature is healing as there is less pollution now.

We have taken extreme measures and have changed the way we live our lives to fight for the survival. All these changes have created a positive chain of reaction and it is definitely saving lives.The coronavirus has changed our perception toward’s life.

We might all pay for it unless we take this NEW state of the world as a lesson! A lesson we are capable of taking extreme steps to save lives, A lesson we are capable of reversing our environmental mistake. Once we win against COVID-19, we should not forget the lessons we learned during this pandemic then only we will be in our way to a safer future.

LAW IN INDIA

Law is essential for society to function. The chaotic human nature has proven that laws are guidelines for humanity’s road to harmony. According to Hugo Grotius, perception of law he argued that law arises from the social impulse of humanity. Law is a tool that maintains the balance between those who are victims are those who harm the victims. Law is dynamic and ever-changing. It changes along with the consequential change in human nature. Law has always reflected human nature. The crucial part of the law is that every man regardless of his wealth, gender, community, and color is equal in the eyes of law. Thus the law is an important fragment of human existence.

Law is classified into civil law and criminal law. Criminal law is laws or rules created for the protection of the public against potentially serious crimes. The laws are against acts that are morally, ethically wrong, and threatening to the public welfare of the community thus halting the progress of the society to a harmonious society. Criminal offenses are considered offenses against the public. Criminal cases are punished by ordering fines, imprisonments, or rehabilitation of the guilty or even death sentences. Criminal cases are always filed by the government as it is a crime against the public as a whole. Criminal law in India is governed by the Indian penal code, The Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Evidence Act. The criminal acts are categorized according to the nature of the act as felonies or misdemeanors. Felonies are serious crimes; they are classified into different classes and given different punishments according to the severity of the crime. Felonies are punishable by imprisonment or death. Misdemeanors are violations of law or lesser offenses such as parking violations and are punished for a sentence lesser than a year.

Civil law on the other hand is offenses against individual persons. The party at fault or the guilty person has to pay compensation or obey the laws for a remedy as said by the law. Civil law is practiced to uphold the individual’s private right and find suitable remedies for the violated rights. Civil law aims to solve disputes or disagreements between individuals, families, or companies by providing compensation to the party that is harmed. Civil law is classified into Contract, Tort, and Family Law. Contract law is rules are applied when two or more parties agree to enter into an agreement or contract; all parties in the agreement are required to respect the terms of the agreement. Any parties found to have broken the terms of the contract then they have committed a civil wrong and broken the contract. Contact law in India is based on the English common law of England. Tort Law is applied when there is personal injury or negligence such as trespass. The laws of torts in India in ancient times were the Muslim Sharia laws and the Hindu laws which had a very restricted expansion of the idea of torts. When the British established courts in India which were run as per the English laws, Torts were introduced to the Indian judicial system. Family law is concerned with divorce, inheritance, adoption, marriage annulment, birth certificate, and child custody matters. Since India has a diverse population where different religions are followed, India’s family laws are based on different religions. The Hindus follow the Hindu Marriage act of 1955, the Muslims follow the
Muslim Personal Law Application Act 1936, Christians follow the Indian Christian marriage act of 1936 and the Special Marriage Act 1954 applies to all persons regardless of their religion, the caste of community.

Law is always been dynamic and the crux of the law is that it offers justice to people regardless of his wealth, gender, community, and color is equal in the eyes of law. Law in India is a fairly complex conception of rules. India has grown its roots into the judicial system the British left behind. India did although have the existence of various law systems before which was very restricted. With the introduction of English law systems and the introduction of torts in the Indian judicial system gave the people more chances for aggrieved parties to come to court.

CHILD SOLDIERS

Currently, 46 countries still recruit and train children under 18 years old. Children as young as 8 years old fight are the front lines act as spies, or supply weapons or lookouts or messengers or as suicide bombers or sexually exploited by the armies or non-state armed groups. Some of these children are either kidnapped or are forced to join these armed forces. Many are forced to join them because of financial constraints and social reasons; many are recruited by offering children with money or drugs. Many girls are kidnapped and kept as sex slaves by the male fighters. These children are trained in weaponry to fight and are exposed to violent crimes that affect them mentally. Underage girls are recruited as sex slaves by male fighters. Currently, there are an estimated 250000 child soldiers in the world.

WHY CHILDREN ARE RECRUITED AS SOLDIERS –

Despite the many drawbacks that children have they are more mouldable and can be indoctrinated easily. There are also many other reasons that children join the armed forces. Many join due to their financial backgrounds as they have to provide or make a contribution to their family, some join as their belief that the armed forces can keep them safe, lack of employment opportunities and poverty leads them to become child soldiers. Other children may be threatened or deceived into joining them by bribing the children with the hope of new friends or drugs. While others join on their own accord. Children who join on their own will join due to avenge their families or honor of fighting.

Effects on the children–

Children who join these armed forces and groups are involved in violent initiation traditions where they kill their family members or friends to show loyalty to the group. Such kind of violent acts strains the relationship they have with their community and scar them mentally. Many of these children are trained to fight along the front lines or given secondary roles such as spies or cooks or messengers. Regardless of their job prescription, children are mentally affected. Many children have zero access to education and safe living conditions. Many children have psychological disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, higher risk of violent behavior, high risk of suicide, and anti-social behavior. Girls are made into sex slaves and are violently assaulted and raped. They suffer from pre and post-pregnancy difficulties from rape. Rape affects girls mentally and physically. Due to unhygienic living conditions where there are no menstrual products and rape, they are more prone to getting UTIs or STDs. All these factors make rehabilitation a difficult process for children.

CASES OF CHILD SOLDIERS–

AFRICA-

Many African countries still recruit child soldiers even though most African countries have agreed and ratified the African Charter of Rights and Welfare of The Child in 1990 which forbids the recruitment of children below the age of 18. The Democratic Republic of Congo has the highest number of child soldiers in the world. This is due to the first and second civil war in Congo which the army used by led by Thomas Lubanga Dyilo was 30 percent of children. A 2017 UN report on child soldiers in Africa said that the members of the terrorist military group in Somalia were 50 percent under the age of 18 and recruitment of child soldiers was also done by the Somali National Army.

MIDDLE EAST-

The Iranian government has started to recruit child soldiers from Iran and Afghanistan to participate in the Syrian civil war in 2018. Palestinian group Hamas which controls the Gaza strip still recruits children into its militia. The people’s Protection Units which is a militant Kurdish party in Iraq has abducted more than 200 children to enlist them into the Syrian civil war in 2018. Many non-state actors in the Syrian civil war have recruited child soldiers to participate in the war. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates have recruited children from Sudan to fight in the Yemini Civil war and the British SAS were allegedly involved in training these soldiers.

ASIA-

In Afghanistan, many child soldiers are recruited by the Taliban. In Myanmar, the government army recruits children from the young age of 11 years old were recruited in 2002 as reported by a UN report. The Moro Islamic Liberation Front and government-linked paramilitary forces were recruiting child soldiers, in 2016 this was discontinued but according to a UN report in 2017 other armed groups were still recruiting children.

EUROPE –

All European nations have agreed and ratified the Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict, so the use of child soldiers isn’t in practice.

The ratification of the Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict has significantly curbed the use of children in war as currently, 126 countries have ratified it. The treaty bans the recruitment of children under the age of 16 and also forbids non-state actors from recruiting children for any cause. The main struggle of child soldiers is their reintegration into society. Many of them have resentment and feel guilty about their community. It’s a very long process for them. They need to be given a safe environment, create a sense of forgiveness from the family. Most importantly need given access to education and support. The use of children in armed conflict is a desperate human rights issue that needs to be resolved. This is a desperate human rights issue. The rights of these children must be protected. Government and non-state actors must make efforts to safeguard the rights of these children.

Harmful effects of air conditioners.

It’s the dog days of July and not only is the temperature high, but the humidity may also make it difficult to breath outdoors. One of the saving graces that people have to combat the hot weather is air conditioning. Whether you are at work, in your home, in at shopping center or in your car, a cold air conditioner can be a very welcome relief for all in July and throughout the year. However, despite the fact that air conditioners can offer temporary relief from the hot and humid weather, it also can potentially be a source health concerns to people of all ages.

Dry Eyes

Dry eyes are irritating and can cause blurred vision, itchy eyes and a burning sensation. If you stay for long in an AC room, it can trigger dry eyes. If you tend to suffer from dry eyes, you should avoid staying long in AC-ventilated rooms as that would make the problem worse.

Dehydration

While cooling the room, ACs often suck out more moisture than necessary. If you set it to a low temperature, then the chances of the room going dry are quite high. Along with the room, ACs suck out humidity from the body as well. If you don’t hydrate yourself enough, the chances of getting dehydrated are high.

Headache

The heat inside and outside the room is poles apart and on entering an AC room, you don’t get enough time to acclimatise. The result – headache. It can also happen due to dehydration. Continuous exposure to AC can also trigger a headache in people who suffer from migraine.

Infections

This is another air conditioning health problem. Drying out of the nasal passage and the mucous membrane can trigger viral infections. That’s because mucous casts a protective layer to keep the body away from infections. If it gets disturbed by the AC, infections would affect the body in no time.

Respiratory Problems

Constant exposure to AC can disturb the normal functioning of the nose and throat. It can lead to respiratory blockage and inflammation in the mucous membrane. ACs can also affect the lungs.

Dry Skin

AC’s effect on the skin is startling. ACs may lead to dry and itchy skin and hair. By weakening the scalp, an AC can propel the hair damage rate.

Lethargy

People who stay for long in an AC room tend to become sluggish and lazy. Imagine how much this can affect workplace productivity! So, it’s always better to have natural ventilation rather than an AC.

Asthma and Allergies

ACs can trigger an asthma attack if not cleaned properly. Timely removal of pollutants can help to prevent allergies.

Other Health Hazards

If there is leakage from the AC, the system can bring you in direct contact with harmful chemicals. This can cause health problems.

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