There are many keys to success, and patience is one of them. But people want everything to happen in an instant. If we walk in a building and the Wi-Fi isn’t super fast, we get annoyed. If our text message or Snapchat takes longer than two seconds to send, we become frustrated and impatient. The point is that our culture expects results right away. And our surrounding gadgets, systems, and services are only moving quicker to meet our expectations. For example, restaurants like Chipotle, McDonald’s and Taco Bell are testing a delivery system, so the customer can get their food as quick and convenient as possible. Amazon is testing delivery drones to expedite transportation time. If attainable, we wish our order would arrive the nanosecond after we click purchase. While I’m all for convenience and efficiency, I believe this habit of expecting instant results is dangerous for our future. In wanting everything to happen instantly, we lose patience to hold out for more-fulfilling opportunities and dreams.

Why impatience is dangerous?

When we get instant results and convenience in some parts of our life, then we expect other areas of our life to work just as quick and easy. But, this mindset causes problems when something doesn’t happen as we plan it. It also is dangerous when we don’t take a task on because it seems too difficult, or appears too long to complete. First, if something happens outside of our control, then we commonly create unnecessary stress for ourselves and lose mental focus. For example, take the scenario where we plan on getting to work at 8:00am, but traffic is slow and causes us to arrive late. An impatient person may allow the negativity of traffic to carry over as they act rude to their co-workers and disrupt their concentration all morning. One external disruption and they can’t act or think straight.

Also, if a task appears to be too difficult or long to finish, then we usually choose not to do it because of our desire for instant results. So we regularly settle for the shorter and more convenient path. For example, many people don’t consider careers that require grad school because they don’t want to go through the extra years of schooling. I’m confident that thousands of people who would be excellent doctors, lawyers, dentists, and other professions miss out on a fulfilling and satisfying career because of a short-term mindset against more education. It’s a shame. For another example, many people say they want to be rich. But, they’re unwilling to take the necessary steps to obtain wealth, because they aren’t patient. These same people say investing in the stock market “takes too long.” They would rather spend their money shopping to feel the immediate happiness of buying something new (which goes away pretty soon after the purchase). Or their impatience gives them over to the get-rich-quick schemes that never work.

There’s a better solution to success in life, and it’s called being patient.

Patience Is Key To Satisfaction

Why Talent Is Overrated, the super successful people (in any field) push through the difficult work, and do it for 10-plus years. Meaning these excellent performers have the patience to get better each day, week, year, and decade. They wouldn’t achieve their success if they were too impatient to practice their craft. Also, controlling your psychological state for patience gives you more opportunities. A patient person will have more time to consider different solutions to the assignment, contact people who can possibly help, and put in a better effort for a higher-quality result.

In contrast, if you’re impatient, you’re more likely to do the least amount of work just to be finished. Or you might complete a project how it’s always been done, not spending anytime to consider more creative and efficient operations. From my experiences using patience, the end result is almost always better and more personally satisfying.

How To Practice Patience

Since impatience comes from being upset things aren’t going how you want or how quick you want them to, it’s all ‘I’ focused. Change your perspective to practice patience by thinking about the subjects around you. Consider the other people involved, or the moving parts that require time to come together. Back to our traffic example, think about how everyone else needs to get to work on time and they’re probably frustrated, too. By thinking of other people, you get away from only thinking about yourself and your lack of control.

Or for our grad school example, look at more schooling as the required step to enjoy the rest of your professional career. And for our get-rich example, have the perspective that you’re investing in your future and it takes time for your compound interest to add up. If it was easy and quick, everyone would be wealthy. Another great way to practice patience is to travel. From trying to understand a different language, culture, and worldview, you’re bound to be more humble and patient after spending time abroad. Lastly, practice patience by making yourself wait.

This may look like delaying dinner until you work out. Waiting to buy new shoes until you have $1,000 in an emergency fund. Or passing on your dream car at age 30 so you have something to look forward to when you’re older. Get creative with this and you’ll soon develop more opportunities to be patient than you thought possible. I’m confident practicing patience will improve your personal and professional life. Give it a try.

Importance of patience:

The importance of patience should be realized by every individual. Patience in life can make them reach out for the stars. With patience you can avoid making hasty decisions. Life is not about living in the future or in the past. Life is about accepting the present moment.

Whenever you are in any sort of trouble, people often advise you to have patience. Why, instead of advising you about the solution, do they ask you to stay calm and composed and be patient?

In this modern age, most of us have forgotten to be patient and get irritated very quickly over minor things like a traffic jam, stock market ups and downs, a baby crying and such things. In fact, patience is a virtue that everybody must possess. Patience makes us better people.

Patience helps acquire positive attitude

If things are not going the way you want them to, instead of getting frustrated, you must learn to be patient. You need to see things and situations in a positive light to make your life happier. And to get that positivity, you need to be patient. If you find any life situation challenging, or find it difficult to bear, try to re-frame that situation and try to see its positive side.

Patience makes you healthier

Anger and stress are two things that are enough to ruin a person’s health. And patience is the antidote to both these illnesses. Being patient, you can overcome any challenging situation with more flexibility and in a better way. Being stress-free and happy helps you stay you healthier. You can be patient if you have clear knowledge about your goal and if you are putting the desired effort in the right direction. There are many ways to achieve anything. The trick is to stick to your own plan when others around you seem to be getting ahead much faster than you. Yes, they may be enjoying more success than you, but you know nothing about where they are ultimately headed. Patience is an important tool in overcoming frustration. Patience allows us to suspend judgment long enough to make informed decisions, thus paving the path to a happy and peaceful life

” One moment of patience may ward off great disaster. One moment of impatience may ruin a whole life”

According to the book “Discovering Psychology” by Don Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury, an emotion is a complex psychological state that involves three distinct components: a subjective experience, a physiological response, and a behavioral or expressive response.

In addition to trying to define what emotions are, researchers have also tried to identify and classify the different types of emotions. The descriptions and insights have changed over time:

a. In 1972, psychologist Paul Eckman suggested that there are six basic emotions that are universal throughout human cultures: fear, disgust, anger, surprise, happiness, and sadness.
b. In the 1980s, Robert Plutchik introduced another emotion classification system known as the “wheel of emotions.” This model demonstrated how different emotions can be combined or mixed together, much the way an artist mixes primary colors to create other colors.
c. In 1999, Eckman expanded his list to include a number of other basic emotions, including embarrassment, excitement, contempt, shame, pride, satisfaction, and amusement.
Plutchik proposed eight primary emotional dimensions: happiness vs. sadness, anger vs. fear, trust vs. disgust, and surprise vs. anticipation. These emotions can then be combined to create others (such as happiness + anticipation = excitement).

Key Elements of Emotions
In order to better understand what emotions are, let’s focus on their three key elements, known as the subjective experience, the physiological response, and the behavioral response.

The Subjective Experience
While experts believe that there are a number of basic universal emotions that are experienced by people all over the world regardless of background or culture, researchers also believe that experiencing emotion can be highly subjective. Consider anger, for example. Is all anger the same? Your own experience might range from mild annoyance to blinding rage. While we have broad labels for emotions such as “angry,” “sad,” or “happy,” your own experience of these emotions may be much more multi-dimensional, hence subjective. We also don’t always experience pure forms of each emotion. Mixed emotions over different events or situations in our lives are common. When faced with starting a new job, you might feel both excited and nervous. Getting married or having a child might be marked by a wide variety of emotions ranging from joy to anxiety. These emotions might occur simultaneously, or you might feel them one after another.

The Physiological Response
If you’ve ever felt your stomach lurch from anxiety or your heart palpate with fear, then you realize that emotions also cause strong physiological reactions. (Or, as in the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, we feel emotions and experience physiological reactions simultaneously.) Many of the physiological responses you experience during an emotion, such as sweaty palms or a racing heartbeat, are regulated by the sympathetic nervous system, a branch of the autonomic nervous system.

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary body responses, such as blood flow and digestion. The sympathetic nervous system is charged with controlling the body’s fight-or-flight reactions. When facing a threat, these responses automatically prepare your body to flee from danger or face the threat head-on. While early studies of the physiology of emotion tended to focus on these autonomic responses, more recent research has targeted the brain’s role in emotions. Brain scans have shown that the amygdala, part of the limbic system, plays an important role in emotion and fear in particular.

The amygdala itself is a tiny, almond-shaped structure that has been linked to motivational states such as hunger and thirst as well as memory and emotion. Researchers have used brain imaging to show that when people are shown threatening images, the amygdala becomes activated. Damage to the amygdala has also been shown to impair the fear response.

The Behavioral Response
The final component is perhaps one that you are most familiar with—the actual expression of emotion. We spend a significant amount of time interpreting the emotional expressions of the people around us. Our ability to accurately understand these expressions is tied to what psychologists call emotional intelligence, and these expressions play a major part in our overall body language.

Research suggests that many expressions are universal, such as a smile to indicate happiness or a frown to indicate sadness. Sociocultural norms also play a role in how we express and interpret emotions. In Japan, for example, people tend to mask displays of fear or disgust when an authority figure is present. Similarly, Western cultures like the United States are more likely to express negative emotions both alone and in the presence of others, while eastern cultures like Japan are more likely to do so while alone.

Emotions vs. Moods
In everyday language, people often use the terms “emotions” and “moods” interchangeably, but psychologists actually make distinctions between the two. How do they differ? An emotion is normally quite short-lived, but intense. Emotions are also likely to have a definite and identifiable cause.

For example, after disagreeing with a friend over politics, you might feel angry for a short period of time. A mood, on the other hand, is usually much milder than an emotion, but longer-lasting. In many cases, it can be difficult to identify the specific cause of a mood. For example, you might find yourself feeling gloomy for several days without any clear, identifiable reason.

(Gender discrimination refers to the discrimination against a person or group on the basis of his/ her sex or gender identity. In other words, it is the practice of granting or denying rights or privileges to a person based on his or her gender. Discrimination based on sex or gender can also be defined as adverse action against another person, which would not have occurred had the person been of another sex. This is considered a form of prejudice and is illegal in certain circumstances in most countries. Gender discrimination can arise in different contexts. For instance, an employee may be discriminated against by not being hired, promoted, or being wrongfully terminated based on his
or her gender. Socially, sexual differences have been used to justify different roles for men and women, in some cases giving rise to claims of primary and secondary roles. While there are alleged non-physical differences between men and women, major reviews of academic literature on gender difference find only a tiny minority of characteristics where there are consistent psychological differences between men and women, and these relate directly to experiences grounded in biological difference. However, there are also some psychological differences in regard to how problems are dealt with and emotional perceptions and reactions which may relate to hormones. Unfair discrimination usually follows gender stereotyping held by a society. Gender discrimination exists to different extents in all societies. Whether it occurs in a blatant or subtle way, gender discrimination has a negative impact on individuals
and the community.

Although gender discrimination is traditionally viewed by as problem normally encountered by women, it affects
men as well. For instance, job customarily and historically held mainly by women, like nurses, childcare providers and flight mainly are often denied to men based on social stigmas. In many countries while widows get bereavement benefit, there is no equivalent benefit for widowers. Paternity leave for men is quite no rare and is offered only in certain countries or sectors.

Family and Home:

Gender discrimination often begins at home, Son preference, as we know, is widespread in India. It is also
prevalent in China, North Korea and Pakistan. Female infants girls and women are prejudiced against when it comes to
nutrition, health care or education. Due to the advances in technology, determining the sex of
the foetus in the womb is now possible. Though sex determination tests are illegal in India, the practice of finding
out the sex of the foetus is quite common. This often leads t aborting fetuses if it is female (female foeticide). The killing of female infants (female infanticide) is also common widespread practice of female foeticide and infanticide has led to a skewed sex ratio in countries like India and China. Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a population
Sex ratio is an important social indicator to measure the extent of prevailing equity between males and females at a given point of time.

Sex Ratio is defined as the number of females perI000 the males. extent Sex of Ratio prevailing is an equity important between social males indicator and female measures a given point of time. It is mainly the outcome of the interplay of
sex differentials in mortality, sex selective migration, sex ratio at birth and at times the sex differential in population
enumeration, The average natural sex ratio for humans from birth is approximately 105:100. Scientists are not sure why there are 105 males born for every 100 females around the world.

Sex ratio (females per thousand males)

India 933 Rural 946 Urban 9000
State with Highest Female Sex Ratio Kerala 1,058
State with Lowest Female Sex Ratio Haryana 861
UT with Highest Female Sex Ratio
Pondicherry 1,001
UT with Lowest Female Sex Ratio
Daman & Diu 710
District with Highest Female Sex Ratio Mahe
(Pondicherry) 1,147
District with Lowest Female Sex Ratio Daman
(Daman& Diu) 591
Source: Census Data 2001

According to the 2001 census, the sex ratio of India stands at 933:1000 (there are 933 females for every 1000 males). It is heavily skewed in favor of males, showing that Indian society is still prejudiced against females. The population sex ratio for Tamil Nadu has increased from 974 females per 1,000 males in 1991 to 986 in 2001. This is true of most States. Only four States among those with a population exceeding 20 million in 2001 Haryana, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Punjab decline in population sex ratios between 1991 and 2001. However, Tamil Nadu’s child sex ratio – defined as the number of girls per 1,000 boys in the age group of 0-6 years shows a decline from 948 in 1991 to 939 in 2001. The decline in child sex ratios in some districts of the State is quite alarming report . The family can be seen as one of the main sites of gender a discrimination as most human behavioral patterns can be traced to what people learn at home. Women and men are often treated unequally in the family. In most households, the father or some other male member, is considered the head of the family, and hence, the center of authority.
Women, as we know, generally do most of the domestic chores like cooking and cleaning and are responsible for child
care. In most Indian households, domestic work is considered woman’s area of sphere, while work done outside the home is the man’s sphere. The distribution of work and roles in the family based on sex is called gender division of l

To understand the problems with gender division of labor one must understand the concept of social reproduction or simply ‘reproduction’. As opposed to production (which is work done in the market, for instance, work done in a factory manufacturing cars), reproduction refers to the whole range of activities that allow human beings to continue their lives household wort cooking, cleaning, washing, caring for children, ill, old socializing of the new generation. Without these things, it impossible for any production to happen.

I had a long backlog of movies that I needed to see this month, but when I read the premise of this movie I knew I needed to watch this movie immediately, and I am glad that I did. I must admit that I have seen other movies with a somewhat similar idea but, never have I seen it executed so meticulously as most of those films felt more like documentaries than movies. This movie on the other hand is extremely well-paced and feels very cohesive, despite some awkward time jumps. It’s definitely a very audacious movie and does not shy away from anything.

The movie manages to establish its world and main characters in a very impactful and concise manner. It utilizes clever dialogue throughout this period and we manage to learn a lot about our main character Lucas, played by Mads Mikkelsen, in just a few scenes. You learn that he was just recently divorced and has been fighting over the custody of his son for quite a while, and just when his life starts to fall in place, with him obtaining the custody of his son and finding a new love interest, his life takes the turn for the worst. And when it does fall apart you do feel bad for this character because the movie does do a great job in establishing the character. It does a great job in showcasing the rise and fall of this character

I have seen many movies over the years and have experienced a wide range of emotions, but this movie offers something unique: frustration. Within the first thirty minutes of the movie, you get to know everything there is to know about the case, there are no twists, no conveniently placed characters, and no real developments in terms of the actual case, it is exactly how it is presented at first. That is when you realize that this is not a thriller or a mystery but a drama. The characters in the movie act in a very pragmatic manner, nothing about this movie feels like a movie. It is very much reminiscent of real life and the way society treats you. The frustrating element of the movie is that there is no real antagonist in this movie and there is no one at fault here. It doesn’t play out in a one-sided manner instead it explains the reasoning behind each characters’ action and when you think about it from their perspective, the actions are justifiable. As a result of this Lucas in a sense has to acquiesce to the crime that he never committed.

All of the performances in this movie are nothing short of superb. This was really the first time I recognized Mads Mikkelson as an outstanding actor, portraying a wide variety of emotions as a contrast to the usual bad guy roles that I am acquainted with. Surprisingly, the child actors do a pretty amazing job at their role, largely due to the laconic nature of their characters.

Countries all around the world are facing unprecedented climate conditions, ranging from heat waves to floods. It is now apparent that the dawn of the climate crises is now upon us. The UN unwitingly issue regular warnings about the impending extreme climatic conditions by 2030. But these warnings are almost vacuous since we don’t seem to care about the future. They should instead bring into light the extreme climatic conditions that we have already experienced last year. At of all the bush fires in Australia, heatwaves in Canada, and blizzards in America the UN declared that India has had the worst climatic conditions in 2020. If we do not put an end to this, it will only get worse. Here are some ways India could combat the climate crises.

Proper Infrastructure– With the alarming amount of deaths due to floods last year it is important that we address the problem if poor infrastructure in rural areas. The government needs to invest more on the infrastructure of roads and buildings to withstand floods. Houses must be made of cement and steel in order to withstands floods which are now eminent. States like Odisha have adapted well throughout the years by equipping themselves with flood management systems like alarms and cyclone shelters. The death toll in Odisha is now in the single digits.

Committing to net- zero emissions– India is the third largest producer of natural gas. Several of the top emission countries have already committed to a net- zero emissions plan by 2050, but unfortunately India is not one of these nations. Although it is the natural duty of the more developed countries to help in reducing the net emissions, no such help has been offered as yet. India in the meantime needs to develop a robust plan in order to not only reduce future emissions but to also clean up the green house gases already released.

Electric vehicles– Although the Government has expressed its intention in bringing only fully electric cars to the showroom by 2030, the pandemic has severely affected this plan with several productions grinding to a halt. But this still does not mean that all the hope is lost in bring electric cars to India. 8 years is still enough time to implement new policies to hasten the process of integrating EV in India. Retiring the combustion engine is a humungous endeavor and cannot be achieved by simply introducing tax subsidies or slowly building up the electric infrastructure. Bold steps need to be taken including reducing the cost of production of the the lithium battery’s. More main stream brands such as Maruti should take the frontline in innovation in the field of EV’s.

ITC | As part of its ‘ITC Next’ strategy, the business expects to invest $2 billion in the medium term to generate growth vectors. Chairman and managing director Sanjiv Puri announced at a news conference on August 12 that the company wants to invest across its FMCG, hotel, agriculture, education, and stationery divisions. Godrej Industries, Grasim Industries, NBCC (India), NHPC, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, Hindustan Aeronautics, Indraprastha Gas, Inox Wind, Burger King India, Sun TV Network, Archies, D B Corp, Gayatri Projects, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, Gujarat Mineral Development Corporation, GMR Infrastructure, Godfrey Phillips India, Indian Railway Finance Corporation, IL&FS Investment Mgmt, IL&FS Investment Mgmt.

World’s population is increasing day by day, consequently need of food is also increased. We have to apply modern technologies to the Agricultural sector for assured and high yield for fulfilling the need of food. Hydroponics system is one of the modern approach of farming.

What is Hydroponics:

Hydroponics is a system where instead of soil liquid nutrient mixture is used for cultivation. It is also known as soil less farming. It is one of the best way of smart farming.

Types of Hydroponics:

A. Standing aerated nutrient solution or Deep water culture system ( DWC)

B. Nutrient film techniques (NFT)

Benefits of Hydroponics System:

• As there is no soil, so there is no chances of soil borne disease infection in the crop.
• Water usage is also very lower than traditional method.
• High productivity than traditional method.
• In hydroponics system under controlled climate crops are grown, so there is no chance of any pest or disease attack.
• Wastage of nutrient is very less in case of hydroponics system.
• Through hydroponics system off seasonal crops can be cultivated all over the year.

Best plants that can be cultivated in hydroponics system:

1.VEGETABLES:

2.HERBS:

3.Fruits:

An environmental disaster  is defined as a catastrophic event regarding the natural environment that is due to human activity . This point distinguishes environmental disasters from other disturbances such as natural disasters and intentional acts of war such as nuclear bombings. Environmental disasters show how the impact of humans’ alteration of the land has led to widespread and/or long-lasting consequences.

These disasters have included deaths of wildlife, humans and plants, or severe disruption of human life or health, possibly requiring migration .Environmental disasters historically have affected agriculture, biodiversity  including wildlife, the economy and human health. The most common causes include pollution that seeps into groundwater or a body of water , emissions into the atmosphere and depletion of natural resources, industrial activity or agricultural practices.

Environmental disasters have a severely detrimental effect on ecosystems. These catastrophes are often short in duration, but have a lasting impact on the animals and plants that live in the affected habitat. Occasionally, environmental catastrophes change the physical environment so much that the damage to the ecosystem is irreversible. In other cases, environmental damage can be contained and the habitat rehabilitated.

Environmental disasters fall into two general categories. Some disasters are caused by natural climate or weather events. These include wild fires, landslides, floods, earthquakes, droughts, tornadoes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. Although the causes of these natural environmental disasters do not involve human activities, in some cases the effects are worsened by the influence of people. For example, the environments that suffered the most damage during the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 were those where urban development and construction had damaged coral reefs. In places where coral reefs were healthy, the reef acted like a buffer, deflecting the power of the giant wave.

A second category of environmental disasters includes those caused by human activities. Examples of human-induced environmental disasters include oil spills, chemical spills, and nuclear incidents. In addition, wars and terrorist activities can be disastrous to ecosystems. In many cases, environmental disasters caused by humans have longer lasting effects on the environment than catastrophes brought on by natural events. For example, the enormous oil spill that occurred when the Exxon Valdez supertanker ran aground in Prince William Sound in 1989 continues to have major environmental repercussions. Twelve years after the oil spill, significant deposits of oil, which is toxic to many species, persisted throughout the affected area. In 2002, the population size of at least eight species of fish and mammals was still severely impacted from the oil spill.

Although environmental disasters take a terrible toll on ecosystems, they can bring increased attention to threatened habitats. In some cases, the increased oversight by governmental, intergovernmental, and non-governmental agencies results in legislation, which reduces the impact of future environmental disasters. For example, the Exxon Valdez oil spill led to much stronger regulation of the oil shipping industry. Also, additional funds were allocated for cleaning up oil spills, should they occur again. In the wake of the 2004 tsunami, the United Nations began organizing an Indian Ocean Tsunami warning system to alert citizens when another gigantic wave is heading to shore.

Humans have long believed that their scientific creativity could meet the challenges of natural forces. However, as Earth’s resources continue to be eroded by the growing population and its demand for natural resources, it is ever more likely that environmental disasters will increase both in number and intensity. It delves into the effects that these catastrophes have taken on the environment and on the human communities involved.

Our human body is continuously exposed to microorganisms that may or may not be infectious. Millions of microorganisms exist in our body that includes our mouth, eyes, ears, and the other various part of our body.
But in the same way, our body is also exposed to disease-causing microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans, etc. So in order to keep us healthy, there is a certain process that our body undergoes in order to defend ourselves from such microorganisms, this is done by our immune system. The branch of science that deals with the components of the immune system are called Immunology.

NOW, WHAT EXACTLY IS IMMUNITY?

It is the ability of an organism to fight against disease-causing agents.
It is further divided into two categories.

1. Innate immunity.
2. Acquired immunity.

INNATE IMMUNITY:

It is a non-specific type of immunity that includes all the defense elements with which an individual is born. It is present at the time of birth and is genetic i.e, it is passed down genetically from parents to children.
This includes skin, mucous membranes, and blood cells along with the white blood cell which forms an important component of innate immunity.

The different types of barriers to innate immunity are:

1. Physical barrier: This includes skin and mucous membrane
2. Physiological barrier: This comprises hydrochloric acid, bile, cerum, lysozyme, and our body temperature.
3. Cellular barrier: Certain types of cells called leucocytes(WBC), neutrophils and monocytes, natural killer cells (lymphocyte) as well as macrophages constitutes this barrier.
4. Cytokine barrier: There are certain cells which once infected by a virus, release a glycoprotein called interferons (IFNs). This causes the nearby cell to get alert, as it is a signal which basically says pathogens have been entered and have infected it.
5. Inflammatory barrier: This is a type of barrier that causes redness, swelling, pain, and the production of heat from the infected tissue.

ACQUIRED IMMUNITY :

It involves the active functioning of an individual’s own immune system, which leads to the synthesis of antibodies.

Types of active immunity :

1. Natural active immunity: Natural infection by a pathogen generates antibodies and specialized lymphocytes.
2. Artificial active immunity: Vaccines are administrated to the body which generates antibodies.

PASSIVE IMMUNITY :

In this case of immunity, the antibodies from one individual are passed into another individual. It also gives immediate protection. But this type of immunity is short-lived, generally lasts for only a few weeks.

Types of passive immunity:

1. Natural passive immunity: It is gained naturally, for example, antibodies from a mother can cross the placenta and enter her fetus.
2. Artificial passive immunity: Here the antibodies formed in one individual are extracted and are then injected into the blood of another individual.

CONCLUSION :

We have an immune system in our body that help us fight against the disease-causing microorganisms or pathogen. Some Immunity may be passed to us during our birth and can also be passed to our next generation, this type of immunity is called innate immunity. While the immunity that is acquired after birth that has the ability to recognize and selectively eliminate a certain specific type of pathogens is called Acquired immunity.

☆This article is especially for those who consider that journalism is all about NEWS. Actually it’s not…..

In today’s changing world, Journalism and Mass Communication has a very significant role to play in educating and enlightening the masses about the things happening around the world. With the changing economy, increasing news channels, advertising agencies, and radio stations, there are numerous career opportunities for you across the nation and even abroad, if you plan to take up Bachelor of Arts: Journalism and Mass Communication (BAJMC). You can plan which field to opt for, keeping in mind your area of interest, your communicating & writing skills, the job which will help you upskill  the future scope.

If you aspire to study BJMC, but are uncertain about which career option to choose after completing the course, then consider the various engaging and popular career options as given below.



■Career Options after BJMC:
Talking about the job perspective in Journalism and Mass Communication, then you can prefer to make your career in either Print Media or Electronic Media. While Print Media deals with newspapers, journals, digests, magazines and news agencies, the Electronic Media consists of television, radio, graphics, film events, advertising, corporate communications and the new media.

¤Career Options with Print Media
If you plan to go into the print media field dealing with newspapers, magazines, journals etc. then you can become:

•Reporter

•Correspondent Reporter

•Feature Writer

•Editor

•Critic

•Cartoonist

•Columnist

•Proofreader

•Photojournalist


¤Career Options with Electronic Media:
•Radio Jockey

•Video Jockey

•Researcher

•Anchor

•TV Correspondent

•News Analyst

•Broadcast Reporter

•Researcher


¤Career as a Web Journalist

Moreover, you can also become a Web journalist. As a Web Journalist, your work will be to make news sharp and interesting. Editing and presentation of news, making use of eye-catching captions and key facts will also be a part of your work.


¤Other Career Options after BJMC:
Apart from the media industry and broadcasting career, you can also go for other options such as-•Graphic Designer

•Marketing Manager

•Professor of writing and reporting

•Run own business

A cartoon is a type of illustration that is typically drawn, sometimes animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved over time, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor; or a motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Someone who creates cartoons in the first sense is called a cartoonist, and in the second sense they are usually called an animator.

The concept originated in the Middle Ages, and first described a preparatory drawing for a piece of art, such as a painting, fresco, tapestry, or stained glass window. In the 19th century, beginning in Punch magazine in 1843, cartoon came to refer – ironically at first – to humorous illustrations in magazines and newspapers. Then it also was used for political cartoons and comic strips. When the medium developed, in the early 20th century, it began to refer to animated films which resembled print cartoons.

Fine art:

A cartoon (from Italian: cartone and Dutch: karton—words describing strong, heavy paper or pasteboard) is a full-size drawing made on sturdy paper as a design or modello for a painting, stained glass, or tapestry. Cartoons were typically used in the production of frescoes, to accurately link the component parts of the composition when painted on damp plaster over a series of days (giornate). In media such as stained tapestry or stained glass, the cartoon was handed over by the artist to the skilled craftsmen who produced the final work.

MASS MEDIA:

In print media, a cartoon is an illustration or series of illustrations, usually humorous in intent. This usage dates from 1843, when Punch magazine applied the term to satirical drawings in its pages, particularly sketches by John Leech. The first of these parodied the preparatory cartoons for grand historical frescoes in the then-new Palace of Westminster. The original title for these drawings was Mr Punch’s face is the letter Q and the new title “cartoon” was intended to be ironic, a reference to the self-aggrandizing posturing of Westminster politicians. Cartoons can be divided into gag cartoons, which include editorial cartoons, and comic strips. Comic strips, also known as cartoon strips in the United Kingdom, are found daily in newspapers worldwide, and are usually a short series of cartoon illustrations in sequence. In the United States, they are not commonly called “cartoons” themselves, but rather “comics” or “funnies“. Nonetheless, the creators of comic strips—as well as comic books and graphic novels—are usually referred to as “cartoonists“. Although humor is the most prevalent subject matter, adventure and drama are also represented in this medium. Some noteworthy cartoonists of humorous comic strips are Scott Adams, Steve Bell, Charles Schulz, E. C. Segar, Mort Walker and Bill Watterson.

Scientific:

Cartoons such as xkcd have also found their place in the world of science, mathematics, and technology. For example, the cartoon Wonderlab looked at daily life in the chemistry lab. In the U.S., one well-known cartoonist for these fields is Sidney Harris. Many of Gary Larson‘s cartoons have a scientific flavor.

Animation:

Because of the stylistic similarities between comic strips and early animated movies, cartoon came to refer to animation, and the word cartoon is currently used in reference to both animated cartoons and gag cartoons. While animation designates any style of illustrated images seen in rapid succession to give the impression of movement, the word “cartoon” is most often used as a descriptor for television programs and short films aimed at children, possibly featuring anthropomorphized animals,  superheroes, the adventures of child protagonists or related themes.

Political Cartoon:

Political cartoons can be humorous or satirical, sometimes with piercing effect. The target of the humor may complain, but can seldom fight back. Lawsuits have been very rare; the first successful lawsuit against a cartoonist in over a century in Britain came in 1921, when J. H. Thomas, the leader of the National Union of Railwaymen (NUR), initiated libel proceedings against the magazine of the British Communist Party. Thomas claimed defamation in the form of cartoons and words depicting the events of “Black Friday”, when he allegedly betrayed the locked-out Miners’ Federation. To Thomas, the framing of his image by the far left threatened to grievously degrade his character in the popular imagination. Soviet-inspired communism was a new element in European politics, and cartoonists unrestrained by tradition tested the boundaries of libel law. Thomas won the lawsuit and restored his reputation.

Education is a critical aspect of one’s life. It boosts your self-confidence, acquires skills and knowledge, and shows your capabilities. Female education continues being a trending topic since many years. There is consistently a notion created that girls are born to do household chores, get married, and look after their families. Is this why women are born? Education is medium to take wise decisions and have great control in life and women have the ability to do so.

Women encounter multiple barriers when they are on a journey of gaining education. The pressure of their families and society restrict them from doing so. 

When women have the ability to look after their families and perform household chores, aren’t they capable enough to educate themselves? Why is there discrimination between men and women in this field? As the Indian Constitution says ALL HAVE EQUAL RIGHTS TO QUALITY EDUCATION, why isn’t no one following it? Our nation is in a development phase in all the fields. No doubt we are gaining our motive, but once give a thought, if women involve in this movement what would the success rate be? Women should have the rights to contribute their ideas, articulate their thoughts to the world.

IMPORTANCE OF FEMALE EDUCATION

• If females are provided with education, the poverty in our nation will gradually decrease.
• According to UNESCO, if all females in developing countries completed primary education then child mortality would drop by a sixth, saving nearly one million lives annually. 
• Girls are definitely the future of our nation. Girls who receive an education will undoubtedly make it a priority for their children.
• By educating women, they can uplift their families, support them financially.
• Educating females can reduce the chances of child marriage as this can deliver a negative impact on female education.

PROMOTION OF FEMALE EDUCATION

•  The awareness of female education should start from rural areas. 
• Schools should be constructed in villages so that women can feel safe to attend.
• Security should be provided to women so that they don’t hesitate to come out of their house to attend schools.
• Stern actions should be initiated for any crime against women.
• Abortion of female feticide should be banned and if it is practiced, punishment should be given.
• Beti Bachao Beti Padhao campaigns should frequently be conducted to bring awareness about the importance of education in a woman’s life.

Women shouldn’t hold themselves back assuming what people will think about them. They should do what their heart says. In today’s world, people do believe female education is important. Frequent encouragement is needed to completely stop this act. When women can look after her family, why can’t she look after her nation? Women can inevitably cause a change in society, if she is given a chance. She doesn’t expect much from her family and close ones. She merely wants them to support her decisions and help her achieve success.

 It is important for women to voice out their thoughts, ideas and decisions. They should reveal  to the world that they are capable enough to balance both their personal and professional life. That day is not too far when all the women in this world would be happily attending schools and colleges and gaining abundance of knowledge.

Jellyfish

Jellyfish are mainly free-swimming marine animals with umbrella-shaped bells and trailing tentacles. Jellyfish and sea jellies are the informal common names given to the medusa-phase.

Special about jellyfish

Jellyfish have tiny stinging cells in their tentacles of stun or paralyze their prey before they eat them. Inside their bell shaped body is an opening that is its mouth. Tentacles hang down from the smooth baglike body and sting their prey. Jellyfish stings can be painful to humans and sometimes very dangerous.

Where do jellyfish live

They are found in oceans all over the world : at the surface, deep beneath the sea, in warm water, in cold water, some species of hydrozoa , even live in fresh water.

Jellyfish made of

Lacking brains, blood or even hearts, jellyfish are pretty simple critters. They are composed of three layers; an outer layer, called the epidermis, a middle layer made of a thick, elastic, jellyfish-like substance called mesoglea, and an inner layer called the gastrodermis.

Jellyfish reproduction

Jellyfish reproduce both sexually and asexually.one generation (the medusa) reproduces sexually and the next generation (the polyp) reproduce asexually….For both species, fertilized eggs developed into a multi-cellular plan planula and then into polyps that live on the sea floor .

Jellyfish purpose

Researchers describe jellyfish as a ‘Gingerbread house ‘ for fish,providing both food and shelter. Scientists at Queen’s University ,belfast,have discovered that jellyfish are providing habitat and space for developing larval and juvenile fish.

Colors

Some jellyfish are clear, but others are in vibrant colors such as pink,yellow, blue, and purple and often are luminescent.