THE FOUR KINDS OF CHANGES

1. Mission Changes

Did you know that the team who made Instagram had previously developed a product called Burbn? It was a check-in service similar to Foursquare except that it focused on hanging out with your friends. Needless to say, it never took off. The team performed something that is most visibly seen in the tech community: a company pivot. They changed their business focus and created Instagram.

Sometimes companies need to change direction to survive. For more on corporate culture and the role of the mission statement, check out this article on shaping an authentic corporate culture.

2. Strategic Changes

A strategic change is a change in how the company tackles a problem. Going from print advertising for your business to online, for example, is a strategic change. As is targeting a different demographic or selling a new type of product. When Amazon launched the Kindle, that was a strategic change. When Microsoft revealed that Windows 8 had changed how the company had approached operating systems, that was a strategic change. Change management in this case means convincing your team of the new strategy’s value.

3. Operational Changes

An operational change is a change in the structure of your company. That could be a reorganization, lay offs, or just a team change due to a strategic or mission statement change.

Operational changes are some of the roughest for your employees because they never quite know what to expect. At least with a change in technology they aren’t likely to find themselves without a job.

4. Technological Changes

Technology is advancing inexorably, whether we like it or not. That means we need to keep upgrading or fall behind. Often operational and strategic changes are driven by a change in technology. At the turn of the century, for example, it was rare to see a TV commercial direct you to a website. Now it is commonplace.

A change in technology could mean a change that affects all your employees. If an operating system upgrade breaks a proprietary piece of software, you are going to have to retrain your team with the new software. Technological changes don’t have to be rough, though. Switching to Intuit Quickbase is often quick and painless.

That said, people are stubborn. Often technological changes cause the most trouble. Make sure your team is trained for the software, though, and you should be able to avoid most of it.

TOTAL PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Total project management solutions (TPM solutions) will help a project-thinking organization to stabilize the business processes and begin leading employees towards achieving refined efficiency and accountability. Implementing TPM solutions requires a flexible infrastructure that lets respond to the dynamics of a project environment and rapid technological advances. In this article, I will briefly talk about what TPM concept means and will also outline a 5-step model for implementing total PM solutions. I guess my considerations will be helpful for management staff and executives in project-thinking organizations.

TPM Concept

The key idea behind total project management (TPM) consists in providing a project-thinking organization with an enterprise-wide approach to establishing an efficient project management system. Such a system paves the way for developing total project management solutions (TPM solutions) through creating a project-based culture in which every project is performed in line with the organization’s corporate strategy, and therefore every project participant and team member can get necessary support from managers at all levels. The system will be the foundation for implementing TPM effort and starting the project management process.

TPM solutions make it possible to build close collaboration and communication between project-thinking employees, technology and processes which are the key drivers in the total project integration environment. The implementation of total project management solutions depends on a selected management style that integrates accountability into the total project processes and serves as a convenient way for continuous improvement of both corporate and individual performance.

A 5-Step Model

A macro-level model of total project management includes 5 steps Taking each of the steps builds an infrastructure for implementing TPM solutions. Here are these steps:

Communication
Assessment
Recommendation
Implementation
Validation

Because a model of total project management encompasses all of the listed steps, a project-thinking organization needs to incorporate collaborative methods, tools, and appropriate technologies to create a synchronized and highly productive infrastructure that tends to be stable and flexible in a rapidly changing project environment.

Once the steps of TPM model are taken along with the standards of best practices (incl. communication protocols, employee competency assessments, project portfolio analysis, project methodology planning, process scheduling and mapping, application-based working environments, team training and development), the infrastructure for achieving efficient total project management solutions will be established.

The performance appraisal

Performance appraisal

Forming part of an organisation’s overall performance management system, the performance appraisal can be defined as the process of identifying, evaluating and developing the work performance of employees to help achieve the goals and objectives of the organisation. At the same time, appraisals benefit employees by providing them with recognition, feedback, career guidance and development.

Performance appraisal involves managers and their staff members meeting on a one-on-one basis at regular intervals (at least annually) to discuss work performance in relation to:

execution of roles and responsibilities
the requirements of the organisation and individuals’ contribution to the achievement of the organisation’s objectives.

Effective performance appraisal relies on clear performance standards being established and discussed with employees. Using these standards, appraisal involves:

observing the employee’s work behaviour and results, and comparing them against the agreed standards
evaluating job performance and the employee’s development potential
providing feedback to the employee
acting on the results of the appraisal process, for example through promotion, reward and recognition, counselling, training, or in some cases termination.

NEGOTIATION SKILLS

Negotiation is a dialogue between two parties to resolve conflicts or issues so that both parties find the solution acceptable. Usually, it is a compromise involving give and take. Negotiation results when each party compromises to resolve a conflict for everyone’s benefits. In the workplace, negotiations may take place between managers, departments, colleagues or between a team member and a manager. Even before you join the workplace, you may negotiate the job offer with the interviewer or HR manager.

In this article, we will discuss what negotiation skills are, its benefits, examples and tips for improving your negotiation skills.

What are negotiation skills?

Negotiation skills are inherent qualities that help two or more parties agree to a common logical solution. In the workplace, you may have to display your negotiating skills in various situations such as:

Negotiating a salary hike with the HR manager after promotion
Negotiating a project deadline with your team lead or manager
Negotiating few days off for a family holiday with your manager
Negotiating contract terms with a potential customer

Lack of negotiation skills affects the business bottom line and could ruin customer relationship. Negotiation skills are soft skills and essential to become a negotiator and resolve workplace conflicts.

However, this skill set depends on the work environment, the parties involved and outcome desired. Often, when one party is ready for reaching a compromise, the other party may be resistant. This makes negotiation difficult and you are likely to encounter such situations in the workplace. That is why you need to master your negotiation skills.

Why is knowledge management important?

Knowledge management

The knowledge management (KM) category represents solutions that streamline the process of capturing, distributing, and effectively using knowledge. When an organization is able to easily access, share, and update business knowledge, it can become more productive and cost-efficient. The ability to access the right knowledge at the right time, via a robust knowledge management system, informs accurate decision-making and stimulates collaboration and innovation.

A McKinsey Global institute reports indicates that a robust knowledge management system can reduce information search time by as much as 35 percent and raise organization-wide productivity by 20 to 25 percent. Findings culled from the International Data Corp also corroborates the value of a knowledge management system.

As your enterprise grows, so too will the need to access a reliable knowledge database in order to effectively run your business, serve your clients, and increase revenue. Without a knowledge management system in place, your employees will be forced to learn and relearn processes and information. That’s an inefficient and costly practice. Plus, you may also run the risk of losing those processes or information if a knowledge leader or legacy employee leaves your company.

APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR

1. Human Resources Approach:

This approach recognizes that human resources in an organisation are the central force. Their development will contribute to the success of the organisation. Human resources approach provides for the changes in the managerial role. It requires that the managers, instead of controlling the employees, should provide active support to them by treating them as part of the group.

The superiors and managers should practice a style where workers are given the opportunities and encouragement to perform under loose supervision. By treating individuals as mature adults, organisations can increase productivity and at the same time meet the needs of individuals for independence and growth.

2. Contingency Approach:

The approach stresses that there is no single way to manage effectively under all circumstances. The methods of behaviours which work effectively in one situation may fail in another. The organisational structure and the processes of management are governed by the external environment and several aspects of the internal environment. Effective management processes will vary in different situations depending on the individuals and groups in the organisation, the nature of the job and technology, the environment facing the organisation and its structure.

The manager’s task therefore, is to identify which method will, in a particular situation, under particular circumstances and at a particular time, best contribute to the attainment of organization’s goals. Thus, the manager will have to analyze each situation prior to action and different managerial practices and styles are needed for effective management.

3. Productivity Approach:

Productivity means the numerical value of the ratio of output to input. Higher the value of this ratio, greater is the efficiency and effectiveness of the management. The traditional concept of productivity was concerned with economic inputs and output only. But nowadays human and social inputs and outputs are equally important. Productivity, a significant part of organisational behaviour decisions, is recognized and discussed extensively. These decisions relate to human, social and economic issues. For example if better organisational behaviour can reduce worker’s turnover or the number of absentees, a human output or benefit occurs.

4. System Approach

The systems approach is of the view that an organisation is a powerful system with several subsystems which are highly and closely interconnected. Any action taken to solve the problems in one subsystem will have its effect on the other subsystems as well; since all the parts of the organisation are closely connected. Thus, this approach gives the managers a way of looking at the organisation as a whole, whole group, and the whole social system. Systems approach has become an integral part of modern organisational theory. Organisations are termed as complex systems comprising of interrelated and interlocking systems.

According to this approach, an organisation receives several inputs from its environment such as material, human and financial. These inputs are then processed so as to produce the final output in terms of products or services.

ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESS

The Organizational Process

Organizing, like planning, must be a carefully worked out and applied process. This process involves determining what work is needed to accomplish the goal, assigning those tasks to individuals, and arranging those individuals in a decision‐making framework (organizational structure). The end result of the organizing process is an organization — a whole consisting of unified parts acting in harmony to execute tasks to achieve goals, both effectively and efficiently.

A properly implemented organizing process should result in a work environment where all team members are aware of their responsibilities. If the organizing process is not conducted well, the results may yield confusion, frustration, loss of efficiency, and limited effectiveness.

1.Review plans and objectives.

Objectives are the specific activities that must be completed to achieve goals. Plans shape the activities needed to reach those goals. Managers must examine plans initially and continue to do so as plans change and new goals are developed.

2.Determine the work activities necessary to accomplish objectives.

Although this task may seem overwhelming to some managers, it doesn’t need to be. Managers simply list and analyze all the tasks that need to be accomplished in order to reach organizational goals.

3.Classify and group the necessary work activities into manageable units.

A manager can group activities based on four models of departmentalization: functional, geographical, product, and customer.

4.Assign activities and delegate authority.

Managers assign the defined work activities to specific individuals. Also, they give each individual the authority (right) to carry out the assigned tasks.

5.Design a hierarchy of relationships.

A manager should determine the vertical (decision‐making) and horizontal (coordinating) relationships of the organization as a whole. Next, using the organizational chart, a manager should diagram the relationships.

SYSTEM APPROACH

Systems approach is based on the generalization that everything is inter-related and interdependent. A system is composed of related and dependent element which when in interaction, forms a unitary whole. A system is simply an assemblage or combination of things or parts forming a complex whole.

One its most important characteristic is that it is composed of hierarchy of sub-systems. That is the parts forming the major system and so on. For example, the world can be considered-to be a system in which various national economies are sub-systems.

In turn, each national economy is composed of its various industries, each industry is composed of firms’ and of course a firm can be considered a system composed of sub-systems sudi as production, marketing, finance, accounting and so on.

Features of Systems Approach:

(i) A system consists of interacting elements. It is set of inter-related and inter-dependent parts arranged in a manner that produces a unified whole.

(ii) The various sub-systems should be studied in their inter-relationships rather, than in isolation from each other.

(iii) An organisational system has a boundary that determines which parts are internal and which are external.

(iv) A system does not exist in a vacuum. It receives information, material and energy from other systems as inputs. These inputs undergo a transformation process within a system and leave the system as output to other systems.

(v) An organisation is a dynamic system as it is responsive to its environment. It is vulnerable to change in its environment.

In the systems approach, attention is paid towards the overall effectiveness of the system rather than the effectiveness of the sub-systems. The interdependence of the sub-systems is taken into account. The idea of systems can be applied at an organisational level. In Appling system concepts, organisations are taken into account and not only the objectives and performances of different departments (sub-systems).

The systems approach is considered both general and specialised systems. The general systems approach to management is mainly concerned with formal organisations and the concepts are relating to technique of sociology, psychology and philosophy. The specific management system includes the analysis of organisational structure, information, planning and control mechanism and job design, etc.

As discussed earlier, system approach has immense possibilities, “A system view point may provide the impetus to unify management theory. By definitions, it could treat the various approaches such as the process of quantitative and behavioural ones as sub-systems in an overall theory of management. Thus, the systems approach may succeed where the process approach has failed to lead management out of the theory of jungle.

Mother Tongue

Nowadays we are more on speaking in English rather than choosing our own mother tongue for communication, especially in India. This post is not discourage English language but encourage mother tongue

If you are an Indian then definitely your mother tongue is not English, and mind you here I am talking about those Indians who are living in India and I want to Indian parents, not of migrats. You might be speaking Hindi Tamil Punjabi Gujarati Asami Bengali etc. English has now become a language more of showing status rather than just being a medium of communication.

We use our mother tongue only while speaking to family members. All the other official work Arjan in English which is alright because India has very diverse population having different languages. But the problem is where we treat English as as a measurement tool for checking someone intelligence.

We prefer to speak in English in interviews as to give a better impression on the interviewer that you guess we know English and we are intelligent. A person who is living in a remote village can also be has equally qualified and intelligent as the person who knows English but, just because he don’t know how to speak English he is not getting that equal treatment while he goes for any job employment. And this is a reality.

We think in our mother tongue will our comfortable in speaking our mother tongue it’s just that we don’t use it because of the societal atmosphere around us. Through this post I just want to encourage people to be proud of their mother tongue and speak it with their heads up and not to treat english as a qualification of intelligence.

It is a fact that if you think in your own mother tongue then you are getting more effective and innovative ideas.

How we measure extreme distances in space – Light years

In the 1800s, scientists discovered the realm of light beyond what is visible. The 20^th century saw dramatic improvements in observation technologies. Now we are probing distant planets, stars, galaxies and black holes where even light would take years to reach. So how we do that? Light is the fastest thing we know in the universe. It is so fast that we measure enormous distances by how long it takes for light to travel them. In one year, light travels about 6 trillion miles. It is the distance, we call one light year. The Apollo 11 had to travel four days to reach the moon but, it is one light second from earth. Meanwhile, the nearest star beyond our own sun is Proxima Centauri but, it is 4.24 light years away. Our Milky Way galaxy is on the order of 100,000 light years across. The nearest galaxy to our own, Andromeda is about 2.5 million light years away.

The question is how do we know the distance of these stars and galaxies? For objects that are very close by, we can use a concept called trigonometric parallax. When you place your thumb and close your left eye and then, open your left eye and close your right eye. It will look like your thumb has moved, while more distant objects have remained in place. This same concept applies in measuring distant stars. But they are much farther than the length of your arm, and earth is not large enough, even if you had different telescopes across the equator, you would not see much of a shift in position. So we look at the change in the star’s apparent location over six months, when we measure the relative positions of the stars in summer, and then again in winter, nearby stars seem to have moved against the background of the more distant stars and galaxies.

But this method only works for objects less than a few thousand light years away. So, for such distances, we use a different method using indicators called standard candles. Standard candles are objects whose intrinsic brightness, or luminosity that we know well. For example, if you know how bright your light bulb is, even when you move away from it, you can find the distance by comparing the amount of light you received to the intrinsic brightness. In astronomy, we consider this as a special type of star called a Cepheid variable. These stars will constantly contract and expand. Because of this, their brightness varies. We can calculate the luminosity by measuring the period of this cycle, with more luminous stars changing more slowly. By comparing the light that we received to the intrinsic brightness we can calculate the distance.

The Type 1a Supernovae – Death of a star

But we can only observe individual stars up to about 40 million light years away. So we have to use another type of standard candle called type 1a supernova. Supernovae are giant stellar explosions which is one of the ways that stars die. These explosions are so bright, that they outshine the galaxies where they occur. So we can use the type 1 a supernovae as standard candles. Because, intrinsically bright ones fade slower than fainter ones. With the understanding of brightness and decline rate, we can use the supernovae to probe distances up to several billions of light years away. But is the importance of seeing distant objects? Well, the light emitted by the sun will take eight minutes to reach us, which means that the light we see now is a picture of the sun eight minutes ago. And the galaxies are million light years away. It has taken millions of years for that light to reach us. So the universe is in some kind of an inbuilt time machine. The further we can look back, the younger we are probing. Astrophysicists try to read the history of the universe, and understand how and where we come from.

“Dream in light years, challenge miles, walk step by step” – William Shakespeare

Is Protecting Our Environment A Priority?

Look around yourself. Listen to the rustling of leaves, feel the bracing winds on your face, experience the trickling water slip through your fingers, hear the rumbling of clouds and the plashing patter of steady rain. Now imagine yourself in a place devoid of all this. Pretty hard to imagine, isn’t it? It may be difficult now to envision a world sans nature, but it is a dreadful reality looming over us. Probably a few years down the line, green spaces, clear water and fresh air would be the new El Dorado.

For over a century now, humans have been constantly capitalising on nature, an indispensable asset to extract monetary benefits. People treat nature simply as a warehouse of resources to serve human needs. ‘There is enough in nature for everybody’s need, but not enough for everybody’s greed’ is an apt statement made by Mahatma Gandhi that throws light on the avaricious temperament of mankind.

Humans are unappeasable creatures that can go on exploiting the environment without a second thought. They never think about the consequences of their actions and time and again they’ve paid the price for this.

In the United States when wheat cultivation had expanded dramatically in the early twentieth century, zealous farmers had recklessly uprooted all vegetation. This was followed by terrifying dust storms. Black blizzards rolled in, very often 7,000 feet high, rising like monstrous waves of muddy water. People were blinded and choked as the skies darkened, and the dust swept in.

They came year after year, throughout the 1930s.

In part, they came because the early 1930s were years of persistent drought. The temperatures soared owing to the falling rains. However, ordinary dust storms became black blizzards because the entire landscape had been stripped of all grass that held it together.

The American dream of a land of plenty had turned into a nightmare.

This is only one such incident that highlights the consequences of environmental degradation.

Now, a new problem has come to the fore — climate change.

We are facing a potentially staggering expansion of dangerous heat over the coming decades. Climate change poses a fundamental threat to flora and fauna. Due to global warming, sea levels are rising and oceans are becoming warmer. Longer, more intense droughts threaten crops and freshwater supplies. It might be possible that our grandchildren or great-grandchildren wouldn’t be fortunate enough to witness the beauty of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands as it would be submerged underwater.

Global warming is the direct outcome of high levels of pollution. Today, pollution is the most significant issue that concerns the health of our environment. Industrialisation and modernisation encouraged the widespread use of fossil fuels. Hundreds of factory chimneys spew black smoke into the skies and large quantities of refuse and waste products pollute the air and water.

We’re producing and consuming more than ever before, and generating more greenhouse gases as a result, as well as air pollutants in the form of chemicals and particulate matter. These activities have interfered with the Earth’s natural greenhouse effect. Too many of these gases result in the Earth’s atmosphere trapping additional heat.

A dangerous constituent of these gases is Chlorofluorocarbon, also known as Freon. It is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. CFC’s lower the average concentration of ozone in the stratosphere. Discarded spray cans, leaking refrigerators and the burning of plastic products release the CFC’s into the atmosphere. Depending on the type, CFC’s stay in the atmosphere from 22 to 111 years.

Due to the depletion of the ozone layer, the earth is exposed to the harmful UV rays of the sun. Exposure to UV radiation is the main factor that causes skin cells to become cancer cells and is also responsible for sunburns and blindness.

Protecting the environment is the need of the hour. If we don’t take preventive actions now, we will have to face terrible consequences in the future. The air might become too toxic to breathe, the water too contaminated to drink, and the rainfall too acidic to harvest. Children might never enjoy the sun without getting sunburnt.

It’s time that we show some appreciation for all that nature has given us. The Bishnoi people were not a bunch of lunatics who sacrificed their lives to save trees and the villagers of Reni were not some crazy tree huggers. These people understood the value of nature and fought to preserve it.

We can all do our bit to conserve the environment, starting by switching off the electric appliances, not in use and not littering our surroundings. I can assure you that our great-grandchildren will certainly respect our efforts.

World of Social Media

Social media a word which is is now probably used by everyone. Social media maybe your WhatsApp, Instagram, snapchat, Facebook etc. These are some of the name of the apps which helps us to interact with whole world.

The power of social media in today’s world cannot be neglected, as there are many examples present where a small startup has grown into big business firm and because of a small post once put on some of the social media apps.

It not only help businesses to grow but it also helps your ideas to reach too many people around the world. It provides you a platform to give voice to your ideas and thoughts. Some of the other social media platforms like LinkedIn helps to create professional relationship.

It has helped each individual to showcase the talent. Earlier days the people who want to actually act in front of the audience were only limited to the film industry but, now even the common people can post their videos in any of the social media platforms like YouTube, Instagram, Facebook etc.

As we know everything has two sides so, it is also having its Dark Side as well. Today’s youth has now started misusing the social media platform for just waste of time. Day spend a lot of their valuable time just watching wasteful videos for chats. By this I don’t mean that you should not watch videos to refresh your mind you should watch but there should be a time fix for it.

We should always look at the positive thing in life to go ahead, so it similarly applies to the social media too. We should focus on using it positively so that it brings about a change in society in good manner and as well as in yourself as a person by gaining knowledge from other people.

Feelings

Do you have any idea what feelings actually are? There are people who know it, there might be people who don’t know. Feeling are actually your true personality.

Feelings actually represent your true personality. Like for instance we know many people around us cry by Justin emotional scene in the movie, what does it represent? It represents that they are soft hearted people it’s a part of the personality, they are emotional.

And in this world you cannot actually categorise feelings because in human there are so many types of feeling that we can’t even express many of them. We have sometimes very weird feelings that we can’t even express them. Just think it yourself you might be having such feelings at some point in your life.

A feeling of joy, a feeling of happiness, a feeling of sadness, a feeling of embarrassment etc. The list goes on and on and on. Here we meet categorised feeling in some of the specified sections, but the reality is that they are really very vast.

Sometime we have combinations of feelings together that we can’t give it a new name. And in reality your personality e is Defined by how you feel about each and everything around you. Feelings are a part of your thoughts. How we think of each and everything, ultimately develop feelings in everybody. That’s why everybody have different feelings in a same situation.

True Friends

Friend word which when you herd make you smile. Friends are the only one whom we choose ourselves. They are the ones with whom we share our feelings.

They are the ones with whom we spend our time by our own willingness. True friends are the ones who are always ready to help you at any point of time in your life. True friends are not made for benefits they are made for sharing feelings.

They are the ones with whom we fight a lot but never let another person dare to fight with them. They are the ones who understand your feelings in your weak times. No matter whatever happens they are always with you even if the whole world is against you.

True friends are like treasure you can’t easily find them but if you found them then and there always by you. That’s why everybody in this world says that finding a good friend is really very difficult in this world.

Friendship is also a relationship of respect, trust and gratitude. You play with them, have fun with them, play pranks on them and always help them. But choose your friends wisely as in today’s time everybody is two faces and you have to find the true face of a person with whom you want to be friends with.

Power of Time

You had heard of the film ‘No time to die’, you have heard of the phrase ‘no time to waste’, you had heard of people saying ‘time is money’. From all these examples you have understood that time has very much importance in our life.

Have you ever thought that something which is not even visible have so much importance in our life. Everybody says this one thing that the person who knows how to manage his time knows all the secret of success.

Time management has gained so much importance in today’s world that there are even courses to let people learn and understand how to manage their time. This is the one thing which we have to follow as we all know that time never follows anyone or stops for anyone.

This is the one thing which everybody has in eaqual amount, whether you are rich poor lives in America India anywhere in this world you all have a 24 hour in a day. The thing which make time different is how we utilise it.

We all know that the strongest thing in this world is time. We all should understand and utilise at a time in useful things. And by this way I am not saying that you should not have a relaxing time what time for your hobbies you should absolutely have those time. You should have time for everything in life. And you should do all the thing at the right time.

SELF DEFENSE : TYPES AND BENEFITS

The use of an appropriate counter-measure or protection technique to physically confront an attacker is known as Self- Defense. It can be applied to protect your interests or against people who try to invade your personal space and to halt the attack. There are diverse Self Defense techniques around the world, depending upon the culture, availability of weapons, costumes, purpose, etc. A few of them have been mentioned below.

KARATE

Karate was originated in the Ryukyu Kingdom under the Chinese and Japanese influence. This self defense form gained fame during WW II, when the Japanese military men stationed at sites used this martial art to defend themselves against enemies. This combat sport involves, kicks, elbow strikes, knee strikes, punches, vital point strikes, etc. The popularity gained by this form was so tremendous that the English men started naming any Martial Art technique as Karate. There are six belt colours which can be achieved by a student, starting from White and ending with Black.

JUJUTSU

Jujutsu is a Japanese origin martial art that can be learnt for close combat with minor or no weapons to attack or subdue people that are unarmed. It was primarily developed to distract or get rid of the attacker by trying to shake his balance through strangulation or locking of joints. In the earlier times, trained Samurai’s used to find it difficult to use long swords during wars or attacks. Hence, they used to make use of short daggers, small swords or would fight unarmed. There are eight belts in totality for adults trained in Brazilian Jujutsu.

KRAV MAGA

This martial art is practiced by the Israeli Defence Operations. It is a mixture of several other fighting forms such as boxing, karate, wrestling and judo. Training is rendered in such a form that, one might end up severely injuring or even killing the opponent. It avoids long close combat fights and rather focuses on quick and aggressive blows on weaker sections of the opponent’s body. Mental toughness, agility and development of muscle memory are a part of the training. Worldwide, there is a six belt system used in Krav Maga.

KALARIPAYATTU

With a history of over 3000 years, this Indian self defence technique has two stages – Use of Weapons (taught first) and Barehanded Combat (taught later). It originated in Kerala, located in Southern tip of India. Training encompasses yogasanas, dance moves, kicks, strikes, ayurveda and healing techniques. Bodhi Dharma, a Buddhist monk who was trained in this self defense technique, travelled to China and spread this martial artform there, which evolved as Kung Fu. A greater focus is laid on mobility and flexibility. The Indian Kalaripayattu Federation is the body that governs this combat sport.

BENEFITS OF LEARNING SELF DEFENSE

Inculcates discipline within oneself. Attending coaching regularly and practicing to get better each day helps in maintaining self discipline.
It accelerates reflexes. The ones who are trained in self defense techniques respond to a situation in a different manner than normal people. Those who have learnt self defense tend to take decisions quicker and act faster than others.
It certainly helps boost confidence. In case if a person is caught up in a dangerous scenario, he/she will be self reliant enough to protect oneself. With all the upcoming news and stories, women in society have turned fearful of venturing out of their homes, during wee hours. Learning self defense will help to discard their fear by boosting self confidence.
Training in self defense techniques also helps to improve overall fitness. One can take it as a hobby or for recreational purpose. Since, it is a well defined form of exercise, it will help release endorphins in the body, leading to happiness. Along with agility, mobility, it will also help to eliminate extra calories from the body.

Self- Defense does not promote violence. It is only a method to protect oneself efficiently in case of an attack. With the rising concerns of abductions, murders and other heinous crimes, learning self defense has become the need of the hour. Hence, self defense can be explained as a justified defensive response to a threatening situation.

Women’s Safety In India

Photo by RODNAE Productions on Pexels.com

Women Safety in India is broadly talked about wherever these days. It has now turned into a significant issue. The crime percentage is on the spike. Women are neither protected outside nor at home. Women voyagers from different nations are likewise in a questionable state while contemplating coming to India. Notwithstanding, this dread can’t get them far from any sort of friendly action. There are laws however there ought to be appropriate security estimates which we need to follow stringently to shield the women from brutality.

Security of Women in India has turned into a significant issue in India now. The crime percentages against women in the nation have simply ascended generally. Women really reconsider getting out of their homes, particularly at the evening. This is, shockingly, the miserable truth of our country that lives in steady dread. Not a day passes by where you don’t know about the information on a wrongdoing against women in India. Truth be told, there are somewhere around five news stories that enlighten us concerning the horrendous subtleties of the different wrongdoings. It is very difficult to watch the situation with women security in India, particularly in a nation where women are given the height of goddesses.

To further develop women security in India the primary undertaking is to work on the quantity of ladies in each circle of society. Alongside that the adjustment of mentality of individuals is exceptionally fundamental for the wellbeing of women. From family to instructive organizations men ought to be educated about regarding females. Further, there ought to be quick track courts to hear the cases and they cases ought to be examined in a period bound way. Just severe laws can not tackle the issue of women wellbeing in India rather the execution of these laws in a period bound way can address the issue generally.

So, wrongdoings against women are halting the development of our country. We should not accuse ladies and request that they be extra cautious. All things considered, we should request that the men change their reasoning and work to make the world a more secure spot for women.

About that artist- pablo picasso 1

Pablo Picasso was a Spanish painter, sculptor, ceramist and printmaker born in 1881, in Malana, Spain. His impact on art is huge. He is one the most renowned artists in the world, who left a mark for himself in the history of art and founded a movement in that he most known for, cubism

Life

Pablo Picasso was born in malana in 1881. His father was a drawing professor, this could be one of the reasons why Picasso was inclined towards art at the young age of 10. In 1981, their family moved to A Coruna, in 1891, where his father began teaching fine arts. At the age of 13, his father saw one of his paintings and was so impressed that he thought his son had surpassed him.

Four years later the family moved to Barcelona, after the death of his younger sister. In Barcelona, Pablo joined a fine arts school where he excelled but his father knew that he won’t be able to fully reach his potential in Barcelona. Therefore, about 4 years later his father sent him to Madrid to pursue his art.

Career

Pablo was painting professionally from a very young age. The First Communion (1896), Portrait of Aunt Pepa (1896) are the paintings that he completed at the age of 14.

In Barcelona, he barely attended classes, he would wander in museums and admire the works of other artists like Rossetti, Steinlen, El Greco. In 1900, he held his first exhibition in Barcelona, which featured around 50 of his artwork and was well appreciated for it.

The same year he made his first visit to Paris where he discovered some of the greatest things, some great colors, colors of Vincent van gogh rendering him extremely impressed.

The Blue Period

This was a time during which Pablo Picasso used blue as the more prominent color in his paintings. This lasted between 1901-1904. This period in Picasso’s career can be attributed to the death of his friend Casagemas who had shot himself over a girl. He painted various portraits of Casagemas that had sort of a pang of grief and the observer could feel it.

Some of the paintings from the blue period include The Soup (1902), La Vie (1903), The Old Guitarist (1904). All these paintings possess a great deal of sorrow and the blue color makes it appear even more gloomy.

The Rose Period

Even during the blue period, Picasso travelled between Barcelona and Paris, but in 1904 he moved permanently to paris. This and many other incidents in his life inspired this period. During this time he used lighter shades. Some of the rose period paintings include Two Nudes (1906), Woman with Loaves (1906), Garçon à la pipe (1905).

Cubism

Cubism is an art movement that became prominent during the 20th century. It represents reality in the form of cubes often making it appear distorted and fragmented. Picasso is considered one the founders of this movement and he truly made it his.

These are the types of paintings that Picasso is most known for.

Oscar Wilde – A Short Biography

Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde was an Irish poet and playwright. After experimenting with different forms, he became one of the most accomplished playwrights in London in the early 1890s. It is quite difficult to encapsulate Wilde’s brilliance in a few short sentences as there is no dearth of literary accomplishments when it comes to him. In his lifetime, he carved a niche for himself churning out several, critically acclaimed masterpieces, the relevance of which are even profound to this day. He went on to make eminent contributions during the aesthetic and decadent movement, making him one of the most prolific writers of his era.

Early life

Oscar Wilde was born to an Anglo – Irish couple in Dublin, Ireland on October 16, 1856. He had two siblings, an older brother named Willie, and a sister, Isola, who unfortunately died at the age of 10. Wilde’s mother, identified as an Irish nationalist and wrote under the alias, Speranza. She attracted many other intellectuals and artists who frequented her place. The seeds of art, culture and literature were sown in the Wilde kids’ lives quite early on. They learnt to appreciate scholarly conversations by mingling with the guests. Wilde’s childhood left a lasting impression on his life.

Till the age of nine, Wilde was homeschooled. He joined his brother later on at the Portora Royal School. His peers were awed by his disposition, while many considered him a prodigy for his speed reading abilities.

Contributions to Literature

Wilde is most fondly remembered for the iconic novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray. He found great fame and fortune after releasing three very successful comedies- Lady Windermere’s Fan, An Ideal Husband and The Importance of Being Ernest. Also, he authored critical essays like Intentions (1891), and his long letter to Lord Alfred Douglas, De Profundis, several fairy tales and various proses. Later on, he diversified into shorter tales, publishing works like The Happy Prince and Other Tales. In 1891 he published two more collections, Lord Arthur Savile’s Crime and Other Stories, and A House of Pomegranates. Wilde poured his unmatched wit and dazzling flamboyance into his stories which made his work incredibly engaging for the readers. His illustrious career made him a Victorian celebrity.

Trial and Conviction

Wilde’s life was riddled with problems as well as scandals. Although he was married and had two children, he led a double life by being a frequent visitor of male brothels. Homosexuality was a crime in the United Kingdom until the 1960s and the punishment meted out, if convicted, was severe. Lord Alfred Douglas and Oscar Wilde began an affair in secret. Douglas was a British poet and aristocrat, and also 16 years his junior. The romantic tryst was eventually uncovered and Douglas’ father put forth a public accusation by calling Wilde a ‘sodomite’. Wilde sued him for libel, subsequently lost and was found guilty of gross indecency arising from indulgence in homosexuality. Soon he was rounded up and sent to prison, where he spent two very difficult years. He first arrived at Newgate Prison in London and was later shifted to Pentonville Prison. The court had sentenced him to hard labour, which comprised of picking oakum and several hours of walking on the treadmill. After a few months, he was again moved to a different prison where the grueling conditions started taking a toll on his fragile health. On one such day, he collapsed from illness and hunger. The fall ruptured his ear drum, which played a major role in his eventual death.

Later Years

Following his imprisonment, Wilde was shunned by society and left bankrupt. His immaculate public image was tarnished after the invasive court trials. He spent his last years in Europe, strolling in boulevards and drowning in his miseries. The little money he had was spent on alcohol. Wilde soon died of cerebral meningitis which stemmed majorly from his prison injury, leaving behind a rich legacy. He is a celebrated figure even today.

How powerful is a hydrogen bomb? And how it works?

At 8:15 on the morning of 6^th august 1945, all people saw was a blinding light followed by complete darkness and destruction. It was the most powerful weapon ever created by mankind. It unleashed energy and radiation that killed a hundred and forty thousand people in the industrial city of Hiroshima, Japan. Today we have thermonuclear weapons, also called as the hydrogen bomb. Edward Teller, a Hungarian physicist, worked on the Manhattan project to produce the first atomic bomb based uranium fission, teller had long been interested in a hydrogen fusion bomb, but secrecy and the lack of access to computers contributed to slow progress. Stanislaw Ulam, a polish mathematician realized that a fission bomb could be used as a trigger for a fusion reaction. It is believed that teller seized on this for what became, in 1951, the “Teller-Ulam” design. Most sources agree that the H-bomb works in a series of stages, occurring in microseconds, one after the other. A narrow metal case houses two nuclear devices separated by polystyrene foam. One is ball shaped, the other is cylindrical. The ball is essentially a standard atomic fission bomb. When this is detonated, high energy radiation rushes out ahead of the blast.

The first H-Bomb test took place on **November 1, 1952** on the small Pacific island of Elugelab.

How a hydrogen bomb works?

The first hydrogen bomb released the energy equivalent of 10 million tons of TNT. While the atomic bomb works on the principle of releasing energy through splitting of atoms called fission, a hydrogen bomb works by fusion of atoms together and it produce more energy than the atom bomb. Fusion is more powerful than fission. It is the same process that powers our sun. And when fission is combined with fusion in hydrogen, it creates energy orders of magnitude higher than fission alone which makes the hydrogen bomb hundreds to thousands of times more powerful than atomic bombs. The fusion portion of the bomb creates energy by combining two isotopes of hydrogen called deuterium and tritium to create helium. Unlike a natural hydrogen atom that is made of one electron orbiting around one proton, these isotopes have extra neutrons in the nuclei. A large amount of energy is released when these two isotopes fuse together to form helium, because a helium atom has much than these two isotopes combined. This excess energy is released. One of the main problems with creating the hydrogen bomb was obtaining the tritium. Scientists found that they can generate this inside the hydrogen bomb with a compound combining lithium and deuterium.

Scientist chose hydrogen for fusion, because it has only one proton and thus would have less electrical charge than atoms with multiple protons in their nuclei. It is possible to combine nuclei when the temperature is increased. Temperatures needed are astronomically higher than ever that at the center of our sun – 100 million degree Celsius. The center of the sun is 15 million degrees. At this temperature the isotopes become a form of matter called plasma. Now the electrons orbiting are stripped away from the nucleus. At this temperature the nuclei combined with each other and form a helium nucleus and a free neutron. But how is a temperature of 100 million degrees achieved? This is where the fission or atomic bomb is inside the hydrogen bomb enclosures comes into play. This fission provides the energy needed to heat up the fusion reaction. A hydrogen bomb is actually three bombs in one. It contains an ordinary chemical bomb, a fission bomb and the fusion bomb. The chemical bomb initiates the fission bomb, which initiates the fusion bomb. All these events happens in only about 600 billionths of a second, 550 billionths of a second for the fission bomb implosion, and 50 billionths of a second for the fusion bomb. The result is an immense explosion with a 10 million ton yield, 700 times more powerful than an atom bomb. Only six countries have such bombs, china, France, India, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The world now has over 10,000 such bombs capable of easily destroying every single person on earth many times over.

“I don’t know what weapons countries might use to fight world war III, but wars after that will be fought with sticks and stones”. – Albert Einstein

HOPE

Every time we look in the mirror we hope to find the person we have always wanted to become and not our actual self. But the fun about this whole hoping and wishing is that we never accept and move on, we continue to hope. People say hoping is what makes our life beautiful and worth living but in reality it is the fact that we try and work hard towards getting what we hope for, that makes our life adventurous and value hyping. Hope isn’t something that lead us dream unattainable but rather it is something that compel us to work hard enough to attain the unattainable. We decide to put our best foot forward in the battle field, we aim on reaching the top end of the ladder, we become courageous enough to climb that mountain peak and all that because of one not so little thing- HOPE. How amazingly pure this emotion of hope is that we surrender ourselves with all our might to it regardless of the moment, time, person or our own actions. Hope takes us to another beautiful emotion called- FAITH. Faith isn’t something that will take us places but it is definitely something that describes the world in much more innocent sense and leads us to the path of prospect. Hope is something that can make us optimistic about future, something that can make us fight the toughest battles of our life and eventually win them with zero loss. Hope brings out the best in life it describes each of our act with certainty of killing it and accomplishing the unimaginable.

Hope knock together the possibility of a future so different from present and yet so close to our past. Hope turns us into the being so true to our own selves that we dream big and pull of something even bigger. Hope sticks us to the ground reality but at the same time motivates us to alter that reality into our biggest ambition. Our fantasies start growing into reality and making more sense to us as we hope of realizing it. With each step closer to the goal, we take a jump upwards the clouds of hope. As soon as we start accepting the fact that with each of our day of hoping more we accomplish more we begin to hope more and in the constant act of hoping and genuinely conquering we end up hoping what we did not even suppose of wishing of and ultimately getting it. Hope regenerates the self- confidence which life’s unpredictability robbed us off. Hope gives rise to general feeling of completeness even when events around us seem a little unfair. Hope does not cause us doubt our self worth instead it furthers our treasure of self believing powers. We gain and loose in life simultaneously but hope ameliorate the realization of loosing and celebrate the actions of gaining. Hope optimizes everything around us, it looks straight into the black sky and wonder in the stars assisting us to trust the process and pray to hope forever.

Sports

Sports happy way to stay fit. Sports has now change the way we live. Sports help us to stay fit while you are having fun. Playing sports also improve your personality and give few more skills.

Sports teaches us the sportsman spirit. It helps us to build a teen spirit among us. It’s such childhood pleasure. It’s time when we forgot our all worries and just focus on a happiness and on the sport.

It helps us to increase our concentration power as well. It helps us to stay fit, and from the word that I mean both mental as well as physical fitness. Value place port you doesn’t need to go to gym and all the stuff wish you don’t like to do.

It’s just not academic that is important being is sports is equally important. Being in sport doesn’t mean that you have to be a professional or a very good clay for it you can just played for your happiness your leisure time, just for fun.

It bills a healthy competition environment. It helps us to stay away from mental diseases like depression, anxiety, stress, etc. It teaches us some really important lessons in a life like how to be optimistic, there is always another way for any problem, there is always something good at the end, if you lose by one score that doesn’t mean you are not good it’s just the luck and you have to try for the next time.

PARENTING

Bringing up a cheerful, sound youngster is perhaps the most difficult job a parent can have – and furthermore one of the most fulfilling. However a considerable lot of us don’t approach nurturing with a similar center we would use for a task. We might follow up on our gut responses or simply utilize the equivalent nurturing strategies our own folks utilized, regardless of whether these were powerful nurturing abilities. Bringing up kids is one of the hardest and most satisfying positions on the planet — and the one for which you may feel the most un-arranged.

Guardians are among the main individuals in the existences of small kids. Guardians incorporate moms and fathers, just as different parental figures who go about as guardians. From birth, youngsters depend on guardians to give them the consideration they should be cheerful and solid, and to develop and foster well. However, guardians once in a while need data and the help that they need for great nurturing. Great nurturing helps encourage compassion, genuineness, independence, discretion, consideration, participation, and brightness, says Steinberg, a recognized educator of brain science at Temple University in Philadelphia. It additionally advances scholarly interest, inspiration, and urges a craving to accomplish. Great nurturing additionally shields youngsters from creating uneasiness, gloom, dietary problems, introverted conduct and liquor and substance addiction.

Kid raising tips that can assist you with feeling more satisfied as a parent :
• Boosting Your Child’s Self-Esteem
• Catch Kids Being Good
• Set Limits and Be Consistent With Your Discipline
• Make Time for Your Kid
• Be a Good Role Model
• Make Communication a Priority
• Be Flexible and Willing to Adjust Your Parenting Style
• Show That Your Love Is Unconditional
• Know Your Own Needs and Limitations as a Parent

Also, attempt to make nurturing a reasonable work. Zero in on the spaces that need the most consideration instead of attempting to address everything at the same time. Let it out when you’re worn out. Get some down time from nurturing to do things that will satisfy you personally or as a couple.

The parent-youngster relationship is significant in light of the fact that it establishes the framework for the kid’s character, life decisions, and generally conduct. It can likewise influence the strength of their social, physical, mental, and enthusiastic wellbeing. Kids who have a sound connection with their folks are bound to foster positive associations with others around them. They can set up secure bonds and fellowships with peers. The sound contribution of guardians in their kids’ everyday life guarantees that their children can perform better socially and scholastically.

Having trouble sleeping?

Half of the population is facing problem with sleep because some can not simply fall asleep. This is also known as insomnia. Insomnia is common and is mostly considered to be normal. However, the effect of not sleeping enough or change in the sleeping routine can indirectly effect our mental as well as physical health. When the sleep routine changes, it changes our eating habits as well as degrade our performance. One who is healthy and prepared is full of energy and have the potential to perform tasks better.

Stress or anxiety is the main cause for sleeplessness which can be resolved by letting out the stress or implying techniques to make our body suitable for sleeping. Techniques such as Yoga posses and exercise causes direct impact on the body which inturn relaxes the muscles.

Here are three simple and easy steps to follow if you are facing a problem sleeping.

1.Viloma Pranayama

Viloma Pranayama is a commonly used Yoga Pranayama, also called Single Nostril Breath or Alternate Nostril Breathing. This technique can be done while sitting or in a lying position.

To perform this technique, one must inhale a large amount of air while placing a finger to block one side of the nostril and hold it for about 3-4 seconds and then slowly exhale breath. This is to be done vice versa, holding the left nostril after the right nostril and the process could be repeated 7-8 rounds at once.

It is known to be effective and one does not require training to perform the technique.

2.Bhramari Pranayama

Bhramari Pranayama is one of the easiest technique of Pranayama also called ‘Bee Breath’. One can perform by either putting both index fingers on each side of the ear or even by covering the eyes using four fingers of both the hand.

It is important to stay in a quiet and peaceful environment so that all the focus and attention can be put in the humming and breathing pattern.

One should keep the mouth closed and take a deep breath and then exhale slowly, making a humming sound ‘Om’ . Repeating 4-5 times twice a day could make the respiratory system function smoothly. It is an important technique to make the heart beat level balanced, especially for the people suffering from respiratory diseases.

3.Stretching The Body

One of the most natural and easy technique to perform before bed is stretching. It could be any kind of stretch best suitable for the performers.

It can also be achieved by a simple method of stretching out the leg in a straight manner and reaching for the feet with both hands

Stretching improves circulation of blood, flexibility, mobility, relaxes the muscles and can give you a warm and comfortable sleep.

It is important to note that in order to get a better sleep, one must avoid over thinking and complete all the important task to avoid frustrations. Our mind must be in a peaceful state

October 5, 2021

Who is the girl with the pearl earring

The woman stands, a dark, ill-lit scene surrounds her, making it seem 3D, almost real; that is the girl with the pearl earring.

Girl with the pearl earring is perhaps one of the most famous paintings to ever exist, also known as The “Mona Lisa of the North” this art piece by the dutch artist Johannes Vermeer is undoubtedly his most recognized work.

Vermeer and his style

Johannes Vermeer, a dutch painter born in 1632, in Delft, Netherlands is one of the most celebrated artists of all time. Although he was not very well known in his time, his work was posthumously recognized by critics.

Vermeer portrayed typical scenes in his art, ordinary everyday scenes. People doing everyday tasks, nothing out of the box,but these scenes were very skillfully painted. The perspective and the orientation of light was all very precise. For instance his painting The Music Lesson (1665), at first glance it seems a pretty simple painting of a teacher giving a piano lesson but there’s always more than meets the eye, the tiles show a perspective leading up to the student, the light coming through the window forces the observer to focus their attention right in the middle. The observer is not conscious of these things but influences them in some way.

What is so special about it?

A painting’s prevalence is not just determined by how good the painting itself is, but what the painting represents,the political environment during the time it was painted, and controversies it is involved in.

Girl with the pearl earring was painted in 1665, which shows a young woman looking directly at the observer. She can be seen wearing a turban, a mustard cardigan and a pearl earring. This painting is different from all of vermeer’s paintings, the lady is not doing any chore rather she just looks at the observer, this along with her inconspicuous eyebrows led to it’s comparison with the Mona Lisa. but it is not a portrait, it is a tronie.

Her lips are slightly parted, her gaze is at the observer. It looks almost 3D. Vermeer used a technique called sfumato for this painting, a technique that involves blending of colors to give a blurry or hazy appearance. Vermeer left out a lot of details,It is a tronie

This was painted during a time when the church or the royals held power and depicted a working class girl. The pearl earring could be ironic. also the pearl is too big to be real, therefore the critics speculate that he could’ve intentionally painted it that way, to make it seem fake and also 17th century dutch women did not wear turbans.

Later assessment

Vermeer ‘s work was assessed in the 19th century by a critic, which led to his recognition and became widely mainstream only in the 21st century.

A novel has also been written around this painting called Girl with the Pearl Earring in 1999, written by Tracy Chevalier and later in 2003, a movie was also made, inspired from the book, with Scarlet Johansen playing the protagonist.

The painting sits Mauritshuis, The Hague, Netherlands

MUSIC

“We have a such a deep connection to music because it is ‘hardwired’ in our brains and bodies,” said Barbara Else.

We would all be able to consider somewhere around one tune that, when we hear it, triggers an enthusiastic reaction. It very well may be a tune that went with the principal dance at your wedding, for instance, or a melody that helps you to remember a troublesome separation or the passing of a friend or family member.

Music is one of the most widespread methods of articulation and correspondence for humanity and is available in the day to day existences of individuals, everything being equal, and from all societies all throughout the planet. Paying attention to music, singing, making, regardless of whether separately and by and large, are normal exercises for by far most of individuals. Music addresses a pleasant movement all by itself, yet its impact goes past basic delight. These exercises not just permit the declaration of individual internal states and sentiments, yet additionally can achieve numerous constructive outcomes in the people who participate in them.

Paying attention to music has been displayed to further develop memory working, increment pace of recuperating, work on your exercises and the sky is the limit from there. Music and its impact on memory has been a warmed discussion in the logical world, however scientists currently have proof that the preparing of music and language, explicitly remembering data, depend on a portion of a similar cerebrum frameworks. Music has an exceptional connection to our feelings, and exploration has discovered that it very well may be utilized as an amazingly viable pressure the board device.

Studies have shown that individuals who pay attention to music consistently score higher on knowledge tests than individuals who don’t. This is on the grounds that individuals can hold more data when feeling more joyful for longer timeframes, which is typically while paying attention to music. Presently with expanded innovation in things like PDAs and watches, music is versatile now and can be delighted in anyplace whenever.

Music is the substance of life. All that has mood has music. Our breathing likewise has a beat. Subsequently, we can say that there is music in each individual or a living animal. Music can pass on a wide range of feelings to individuals. Music is additionally an extremely incredible intends to interface with God. We can reason that Music is the most flawless type of love of God and to associate with our spirit.

What is your Personality Type?

Are you a person who often wonders about what their personality is like? If the answer to this question is yes, then the MBTI would be a good starting point.

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, popularly known as MBTI, is a psychometric test devised to give people a brief overview of their cognitive functions. Its structure is based on four major functions and is divided into 16 types. But, if we delve deeper, there are 8 functions in total. Most people won’t recognise the MMPI but would have some knowledge about the MBTI.

It is the most widely taken test with over 2 billion people taking it every year. This is the go-to test for schools, colleges and human resource departments for evaluating their candidates. The company that markets the test makes around 20 million dollars each year off the instrument.

History

The test was originally constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter, Isabel Briggs Myer. Briggs started her research of human behaviour quite early on in her life. In some accounts, the year has been documented as 1917, when she officially began her exploration of personalities.

Isabel, Briggs’ daughter also joined her in this investigation and it soon became her lifelong fascination as well. During the First World War, the test’s goal was to provide a measure for people’s personalities and help them find suitable careers. Job satisfaction was widely absent from many people’s life at that point.

Construction of the test

The test is based on the mostly untested theories of Jungian personality theory. Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist, who extensively studied personality archetypes and founded the field of analytical psychology. In present times, his work is renowned all over the world.

The Briggs’ mother-daughter duo expanded on his theories and came up with the MBTI.

Typology

Jung divided humans into two broad groups – perceivers and judgers. Further, the former group was subdivided into individuals who prefer using their intuitions and the others who prefer the senses, and the latter, into feelers and thinkers. The resulting four types were classified based on people’s attitudes i.e introverts and extroverts.

Functions

Myers propounded that humans use all four cognitive functions. However, one function is used more prominently than the others. This constitutes the dominant function. This function is supplemented by the secondary/auxiliary function. The tertiary function is used to an even lesser extent. , while the fourth, is the least consciously used function. Myers referred to this function as the shadow function as it is diametrically opposed to the dominant one.

Reliability

In spite of the popularity of the test, many psychologists continue to criticize it, demanding that the test pass certain criteria to be called reliable and scientific. The validity of the instrument is dubious as the same person can get different results upon subsequent retakes. However, the MBTI instrument isn’t entirely useless as many people are drawn to the test. The desire to understand oneself is strong among many and in many cases, the MBTI can be a driving force behind personality development.

Conclusion

Presently, the test has become a big part of popular culture apart from being relevant in professional realms. It’s being used even on dating sites to find out the character traits of potential matches. Fictional characters, ranging from Harry Potter to Disney princesses, all have been assigned an MBTI type. It is not uncommon to find a mention of MBTI on people’s social media descriptions.

Mother Nature

Mother nature the word we often come across but we don’t give much importance. In this context nature has been given in the respect of a mother. But as we all know that a mother’s presence is so much in a life that at a point we start to ignore her little little things done for us. Similarly we have forgotten the importance of mother nature too.

Just think if we don’t have this nature what would happen of us. None of us would have been alive. We should not be so thankless towards nature who has always helped us in all aspects.

Instead of respecting nature as mother we have started exploiting it. We are taking the resources from nature but we are not giving anything bad to her free just want to full feel handbag letting hands empty.

This change we cannot bring all alone we need the support of all us, but everything starts with a single step if even one starts to respect or do something towards nature everyone else would join. The need of today’s just that one step.

Just take care for nature as if you are caring your own mother then you will start experiencing an aura of happiness. Nature is our everything and we are because of nature so please protect mother nature and mother earth.

Dancing to breathe

Dance is freedom for me. Since as long as I could remember, I have been dancing, whether it’s Hip-hop, contemporary, Kathak, folk, or even freestyle, dance has always been a part of my daily routine. I can’t imagine my life without dance, it’s vibrations, it’s amnesty, it’s beauty and the exultance I get from it. Most people get tired by dancing too much, but even if I dance for more than 10 hours a day, I can’t get enough of it. For me, life is empty and hollow without some moves, some music and a smile, and I can assure you, dance does that for me. It is not just a part of my life, but it is my life. Even before going to sleep, my imagination wanders off to choreographing songs, learning the taal of each song or even just dancing supine on my bed. It gets even weirder after this, believe me, you don’t wanna know.

I remember vividly, that, when I was 4, my mother put me into a dance class which I REALLY didn’t wanna join, I was hauled there, while sobbing( not brutally) but who knew, that one decision would become my entire life. I am not extremely good at dance, but I do know, that when I do it, I do it freely, with no stress or regulations at all. Whatever step I like, on whatever music I like, I do it, and I can’t even tell you how much I enjoy it, it’s ineffable.

Why I don’t choose it as a primary profession is something that I learnt while growing up, not that I am a grown up, but, you know what I am saying. It is that I know that I can go beyond dancing to choose my profession. something more essential, required in today’s world, something more arduous, I am not saying that dancing isn’t arduous, NO, NEVER in my dreams I would say that! dancing is one of the most arduous professions ever, but I mean something in a way like a doctor, mentally arduous. Take grey’s anatomy for an example if you are not familiar with a doctor’s life, they are a perfect instance. A highly risky job, with fatal consequences, amazingly crazy days, and being paid for working like a donkey. Immense pressure and stress define their life. For me, dancing is nothing like that, when you dance, you aren’t in pressure or stress, or at least shouldn’t be, when you dance, ACTUALLY, you are not straining your brain into following a specific procedure, a logical algorithm. When you are dancing, it can’t be stressful, it can’t be fatal, except, when you aren’t.

Tourist Attractions In The City Of Dreams

MUMBAI – The financial capital of India is fondly known as the city of dreams and a city that never sleeps. The city has got such sobriquets as migrants from various places enter here in search of better education and job opportunities. It is a home to many people who have come here from across the borders to accomplish their dreams. Even during the wee hours, people can notice the hustle, bustle and euphorious atmosphere here. All this extravaganza adds up to the glory of this city. Let us have a look at the major tourist attractions here.

THE GATEWAY OF INDIA

This monument facing the magnificent Arabian Sea in Colaba was built by the British to have it as a symbolic entrance of the colonials into the city. It was also the gate from which the British left India in 1948. The structure is an adaptation of the Arc De Triomphe of Paris. It is a hub for tourists, vendors, historians, vloggers and avid photographers. Two of the five jetties located here are used for commercial ferry purposes and cruises are available too. The Archaeological Survey of India protects the monument and several big firms have come forward to help in restoration of this monument under Corporate Social Responsibilty.

MARINE DRIVE

This 3.9 km long C-shaped stretch in Mumbai is also referred to as the Queen’s Necklace. During the dusk hours, the placement of lights along this natural bay resemble a shining necklace. Cemented sitting spaces allow visitors to have a relaxed time here while facing the waves gently drenching the sand. Plenty of snacking options are available here, ranging from lip smacking Chaat to soothing Ice-creams. Uphill, Tourists can explore the Walkeshwar area (an affluent location with an expensive cost of living) where one can find a number of well built houses and a rich lifestyle. Several sports clubs also exist in the vicinity.

CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI MAHARAJ TERMINUS

Previously known as the Victoria Terminus, this railway station is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The completion of the construction was done on the day when Queen Victoria completed 50 years of rule in India. This picturesque structure has been designed in the Victorian Gothic style by students of JJ School of Art. In the year 1996, this place was renamed from Victoria Terminus to Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. Later on, the the title of Maharaj (Emperor) was also added. It is the second most photographed monument in Mumbai. There’s a lot to do here. From experiencing a journey in the iconic Mumbai Locals with an unbelievable flurry of passengers to capturing scenic moments in a camera near the Terminus.

SANJAY GANDHI NATIONAL PARK

This is the most accurate place for fauna, flora and wildlife lovers. Away from the commotion, this place on the outskirts of Mumbai, provides for ample activities. Visitors can visit the Vanrani Forest, lion and tiger enclosures, butterfly garden, enjoy boating in a paddleboat or go hiking in any of the seven nature trails. The 65 mile long park is divided into three different zone – Tourist Area, Buffer Area and Core Area. Tourist guides and bicycles are available for anyone who does not wish to venture solo.

Mumbai has also been given the sobriquet of Tourist’s Paradise. With abundant tourist locations such as places of worship (Haji Ali Dargah, Siddhi Vinayak Temple, Iskon Temple), for having a leisurely family time (Bandra-Sealink, Juhu Beach, Hanging Gardens), for reasearch enthusiasts (RBI Coin Museum, Nehru Planetarium, Nehru Science Centre, Jehangir Art gallery) and many more. About 6 Million people visit Mumbai annually to see the city’s beautiful locations and to experience the culture, cuisines and lifestyle. All this has made Mumbai the 30th most visited place in the entire world.

The Atomic Bomb – How it changed the course of history?

During the World War II the united sates used an unprecedented $2 billion to feed an ultra-secret research and development program, the outcome of which would alter the relationships of nations forever. Known as the Manhattan project, it was the search by the United States and her closest allies to create a practical atomic bomb. It is a single device which capable of mass destruction, the threat of which alone could be powerful enough to end the war. The motivation was simple. Scientists escaping the Nazi regime had revealed that research in Germany had confirmed the theoretical viability of atomic bombs. In 1939, in support of their fears that the Nazis might now be developing such a weapon, Albert Einstein and others wrote to President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) warning of the need for atomic research. By 1941 FDR had authorized formal, coordinated scientific research into such a device. Among those efforts would ultimately unleash the power of the atom was Robert Oppenheimer, who was appointed the project’s scientific director in 1942. Under his direction the famous laboratories at Los Alamos would be constructed and the scientific team assembled. On July 16 1945, in a small town called Alamogordo, New Mexico, the course of human history was changed; the first atomic bomb was detonated that day.

The Little Boy- The world’s first atomic bomb detonated at 5:30 A.M on July 16 1945, Los Alamos, New Mexico

Principle of an atomic bomb

An atom bomb works in the principle that when you break up a nucleus of an atom, a large amount of energy is released. Because it takes a large amount of energy to keep the nucleus bound together. When you split it apart, the energy is released. Scientists chose the biggest and heaviest nucleus that is found in nature to be the best object for splitting. It is uranium, it is unique in that one of its isotopes is the only naturally occurring element on that is capable of sustaining a nuclear fission reaction. A uranium atom has 92 protons and 146 neurons together to give an atomic mass of 238 or U238. A very small portion of uranium, when it is mine, is in the form of an isotope U235, this isotope has the same 92 protons but only 143 neutrons, or three fewer than U238. U235 is highly unstable, which makes it highly fissionable. When uranium U235 is slammed by a neutron, it becomes uranium 236. In the process of splitting and creating two more stable atoms, a whole bunch of energy is released, along with three more neutrons. These three more neutrons fly out and slam more U235 atoms. And thus, a chain reaction occurs, causing more and more U235 to be split, and ultimately causes a huge explosion. The uranium contains only 0.7% of this U235 isotope, and a whole bunch of it is needed to make one atomic bomb.

Another engineering challenge is to create a vessel with the correct shape and material to contain the neutrons after fissioning, so that they do not escape, but rather cause more atoms to fission. And it is lined with a special mirror so that it forces neutrons back in to the fissionable material rather than escape the vessel. Then the correct amount of fissionable material has to be placed inside this vessel. This is called ‘super critical mass’. There has to be enough mass to sustain an uncontrollable chain reaction resulting in an explosion. The super critical mass has to be kept apart until you are ready for an explosion. Otherwise an explosion can occur when you don’t want it. The reason is because these isotopes are unstable, and are throwing off neurons randomly. In an atomic bomb, two sub-critical masses are slammed together usually with a conventional bomb contained inside the outer bomb. This conventional explosive charge initiates the chain reaction. This project ultimately created the first, man-made nuclear explosion, which Robert Oppenheimer called “trinity” on July 16, 1945. The concept of an atom bomb is simple but, the process of actually creating a bomb is not so simple.

“Now I am became Death, the destroyer of worlds.” – J. Robert Oppenheimer

MENTAL HEALTH

Mental instabilities are sicknesses or conditions that influence how you think, feel, act, or identify with others or to your environmental elements. They are extremely normal. Many individuals have had one or know somebody who has. Mental problems are among the most well-known reasons for handicap. The subsequent sickness weight of psychological maladjustment is among the most elevated, all things considered. Psychological well-being and actual wellbeing are firmly associated. Emotional wellness assumes a significant part in individuals’ capacity to keep up with great actual wellbeing. Psychological instabilities, like melancholy and tension, influence individuals’ capacity to partake in wellbeing advancing practices. Thus, issues with actual wellbeing, like constant sicknesses, can genuinely affect psychological wellness and decline an individual’s capacity to take part in therapy and recuperation.

It is typical for youngsters and youth to encounter different sorts of enthusiastic misery as they create and mature. For instance, it is normal for youngsters to encounter tension with regards to school, or youth to encounter brief times of discouragement that are transient in nature. At the point when manifestations continue, it very well might be an ideal opportunity to look for proficient help. There is no single reason for emotional well-being messes; all things being equal, they can be brought about by a combination of natural, mental and ecological elements. Individuals who have a family background of emotional wellness problems might be more inclined to creating one eventually. Changes in cerebrum science from substance misuse or changes in diet can likewise cause mental problems. Mental components and natural factors, for example, childhood and social openness can shape the establishments for hurtful idea designs related with mental issues.

Signs and indications of psychological instability can fluctuate, contingent upon the issue, conditions and different components. Some common symptoms are :

Excessive paranoia, worry, or anxiety
Long-lasting sadness or irritability
Extreme changes in moods
Social withdrawal
Dramatic changes in eating or sleeping pattern

Taking everything into account the central matters raised are that emotional well-being is all the more wide spread an affliction and that it is shown that it can show itself in a wide range of circumstances both mental and physical. Psychological wellness in some structure can happen to anybody both in its straightforward or its more mind boggling structure. Measurably gaining from the exploration I have acquired, psychological well-being is on the increment locally and at a disturbing rate. This is expected to some extent to the way world/way of life is advancing at an always quicker speed. With monetary foundations and environment control in the day by day news and apparently crazy it is no big surprise individuals are experiencing more psychological wellness issues than they used to do. In this mechanical very quick world that we possess people groups lives are placed in a great deal of pressure and tension accordingly prompting a condition of misery and other actual issues.

About that author- Pablo Neruda

Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto, more popularly known as Pablo Neruda, was one of the most prominent Latin poets of the 20th century.

Pablo Neruda was born in 1904, in Chile. He started writing poetry at a very early age. He grew up in Temuco. His father did not approve of his poetry, and did not encourage him of it. His father discouraging him could be the reason why he started publishing under the pseudonym Pablo Neruda.

Even though Neruda did not get any support from his father, he wasn’t completely devoid of support. The major source of encouragement for him was Gabriela Mistral, a nobel prize laureate who won the nobel prize a few years before Neruda. Neruda published multiple poems in local newsletters and magazines.

Literary work

Pablo Neruda published his first work, an essay at the age of 13 in a local magazine. In 1921, he left Chile to move to Santiago to study at the University of Chile in order to become a French teacher. He adopted a different lifestyle in Santiago almost that of a bohemian and was able to complete during that time his first collection of poems entitled Crepusculario (book of twilights) in 1923. A year later, he published another book, Veinte poemas de amor y una canción desesperada which when translated into English means Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair published in 1924. Both of these books brought him recognition. For the next few years he dedicated himself fully to writing poetry and continued to publish poems.

But unfortunately, he was unable to make ends meet through just his poetry so he worked as a consul in Myanmar for about 5 years. After that he moved to Sri Lanka. By this time he was quite familiar with South Asian culture and wrote a book called Residencia en la tierra meaning Residence onEarth. In 1932, after spending time as a consul in Indonesia he moved to Chile with a woman he had married, Maria Antonieta Hagenaar. In 1933, he worked in Buenos Aires, Argentina as a consul. The following years Neruda moved around the world and became involved with the communist parties, also during this time he separated from his wife in 1936. He published another edition of Residencia en la tierra in 1935.

Political career

He moved back to Chile again in 1937 and became associated with the politics of his country. When he returned to his home country in 1943 from Mexico, he ran for senator and won in 1945 and joined th communist party. In 1948, he was exiled from the position of a senate for writing an open letter against the leader and he left the country so as to not get arrested. He spent his exile travelling around the world writing poems, he published Tercera residencia.

In 1952, he returned to Chile, again and lived there for the rest of his life. There he campaigned for political leaders and wrote a lot more books.

In 1971, he was awarded the Nobel Prize. He was terminally ill and died in 1973 in his home country of Chile.

PSYCHOLOGY

Humans are not born blank slates, which makes it incredibly difficult to discover the true nature of human behavior. European philosophers were the first to agree that our actions are not motivated by rationality because they’re blindly driven by emotions. The existence of these two opposing forces is what guided many thinkers toward the study of psychology. Are humans rational or emotional beings? The answer is neither-we are both but one cannot always control the other, so there’s always uncertainty when it comes to predicting future choices and reactions.

The theories which describe our behavior can vary based on the culture or culture in question. For example, North Americans see the world in terms of dualism, while Asians tend to develop holistic views because they believe in harmony and balance. The point is that what you believe is true for your culture or country cannot always be applied to other cultures or countries blindly because each one has its own unique history and society.

Psychology is an attempt at explaining human behavior within the framework of how the mind works, both yours and others’.
Psychology is a science that applies psychological knowledge to explain behavior. It has four main fields: cognition, emotion, motivation and development.
In the subject of psychology, the word “memory” is often used interchangeably with “memorizing”. In fact, they are not exactly the same thing. In psychology, the term memory refers to an event that has been experienced or observed in the past. It may involve all or part of a visual image as well as a sound or smell.

SOME ANIME INFLUENCED MAKING MY CHILDHOOD FUN

The variety of cartoon from my childhood time for which almost all kids from my generation have spend their all time watching is nothing compared to what the kids from these days generation are watching. And the biggest difference I make is that this generation shows have from mine were that most of the shows of my generation was anime and Japanese cartoon but now a days all the cartoon were shown to kids are mostly Indian based story cartoon and some rerun of my time anime.

I still remember how after doing my homework I run towards the tv punctually on 7 pm as the shows were to be start with good contented stories, continuity, good moral and each episodes make me curious at the end about all kind of the things like what gonna happen the next day. But the cartoon happens to kids favorite are all comical with no sense and no continuity , just for fun purpose only.

Some loved and epic shows still to be remembered and watched are –

NARUTO

Naruto was something else to talk about it was so popular around my time , bullshit it still is. As it being the anime of Japan dubbed in Hindi there was some changes in the line of story as the Naruto was parted into two- Naruto and Naruto Shippuden. In India, only Naruto was broadcasted Hindi dubbed and become much more popular than Indian cartoon were ever were among children around 9 and above. Popularity of cartoons are shown very different as their taglines becomes popular as in this case were the jutsu names, mainly the famous ” RASENGAN” were used in many imaginative fight between kids for fun.

DRAGON BALL AND DRAGON BALL Z

Dragon ball in one of the most famous anime broadcasted in India and were the most popular one among the kids. The story based on the baby found by an old man who named him Goku and his journey to learn martial arts and to fight the most powerful fighter around the world. As he moved forward with his journey he meet and make many friends and foes who he with and against fights for the world peace and sometimes for the dragon balls which makes some of the wishes of the callers true. With friends like Bulma, kuririn, Master Roshi , Piccolo etc being part of the gang and after being married to chichi and having a kid named Gohan and getting informed of him being a alien warrier species called “Saiyyan” bring more of the troubles in the name of “Vegeta” and with him the bigg boss ” frieza”. The most famous line of this show becomes the “KAMEHAMEHA” the powerful energy ball of attack and the real term call “CHI” the internal energy used in martial arts.

POKEMON

Pokemon was the only anime amongst the other animes whose mostly all season were broadcasted hindi dubbed in India. Story revolves around the main character Ash and his first pokemon Pikachu and his group of friends Misty and Broke, which he make during his journey to become a pokemon master was divided into many season based on regions while catching more pokemon to become more powerful. Most of the pokemon got popularity among kids, who chooses their own favourite pokemon and most popular was the one called pikachu, Bulbasaur, Charizard etc. This anime was the only one which was popular among all age group and gender kids because it involves both cute pokemon and the one who can fight.

TAKESHI’S CASTLE

Takeshi’s castle even being not an anime but still make it to this list as the fun and entertaining show is being among the kids was overwhelming in India and viewership wasn’t limited to just the kids but to adults also well with the show being what is was its expected to be like that. The fun format of the show was to have contestant over 80 to 150 people whom General Tani forced to participate in some series of physical challenges to eliminate half of the contestants and put them against his own henchmen and Count Takeshi in the FINAL SHOWDOWN. The best and fun part of the show find by the Indian viewer is the funny and witty commentary and comments by comedian Javed Jaffrey on the beaten and eliminated contestants. The funny henchmen and twisted and sadistic challenges were the attraction for the kids who find it funny and entertaining.

Malnutrition a growing problem

Malnutrition is one of the most dangerous growing problem in this modern world. Now when we are talking about malnutrition many people have misconception about what malnutrition actually means.

According to WHO Malnutrition, in all its forms, includes undernutrition (wasting, stunting, underweight), inadequate vitamins or minerals, overweight, obesity, and resulting diet-related noncommunicable diseases.

So in simple sense there are two types of malnutrition when is under-nourished and the other is over-nourished. Today actually there are more obese adults than undernourished one.ie., about 1.9 billion are obese and 462 million are under-nourished. And there are 45% of the death caused children under 5 years of age is due to malnutrition.

So we can actually see that how this situation has been worse for the children and for the adults and even for the senior citizens too. We need to focus on how to atleast give them two times meal a day which, actually will help them to survive at least.

Government should come up with policies and programs which could help them. And from our side we can give whatever surplus is with us or we can work with NGOs to provide these people at least one time of meal if we can.

This article is mainly written to to highlight this problem which is actually now been overshadowed due to the covid-19 situation. But we have to consider the fact that covid has make their condition more worse. From belonging to at least a middle class family we should do something from a site to help the needy. And the people those who are suffering from obesity should try

The Plight of Budding Sportspeople

Remember that cricketer who failed his matriculation or the swimmer that dropped out of school? Sportspersons failing their exams or dropping out is not very unusual or unheard of. On the contrary, it is pretty commonplace. A sport requires a lot of practice and sometimes a person has to spend hours, in the end, to achieve perfect command over the technicalities. Such exhaustion renders a person incapable of doing anything other than sleep after a training session.

Studies in schools become increasingly tough after the 9th grade. Even studious kids find it difficult to cope up. It becomes a challenge for these young sportsmen to even pass their exams. The government had to introduce policies to help these struggling students. After a lot of deliberation, the sports quota was introduced. The thought behind this was to award deserving sporting talents a better and more fulfilling college education.

Yet, I believe the quota has not solved the problem. Instead of making these young sportspersons serious about their education, they have become even more indifferent towards their studies. The decision has been counterproductive as it has caused more harm than good. A student who is neglecting their studies and is only relying on their sporting talent is in for a rude awakening when they enter college.

Someone who is not regular or is completely disinterested in their studies somehow lands a seat in a top-notch college with the most difficult course because of a quota. This is unfair to other students, especially for those who have spent hours on end to secure a seat in a prestigious college. It is also going to be a shock for the sportsperson who bagged a seat with minimal marks when they look at the curriculum. For that individual, graduating from college will be an insurmountable task.

Instead of honing their skills, they would be forced to study throughout the day to keep up with their peers. They would also be the subject of mockery among other kids who have bagged a seat fair and square. How can a person reach their potential in such conditions?

But can’t these budding sportspeople study? Are they so average that they can’t even understand simple concepts? I strongly disagree. Sportspersons are anything but average. Sports requires a tremendous amount of intelligence, aptitude and observational skills. No matter how hard you work and how well you plan, there is always a factor of uncertainty that is unforeseeable, which can either result in failure or a career-threatening injury. We can study in the comfort of our rooms but in sports, a person has to practice under the blazing sun or amongst the blistering cold winds.

It is quite evident that players not studying properly is not a lack of intelligence but a lack of will and proper planning. They fail to see the pivotal role that education plays in their life and also in their performance. An educated player always has a better understanding of the game and will never fall prey to the evils of doping and substance abuse. It is easier for the bad apples to exploit uneducated players.

Time and again, the world has seen highly educated individuals dominate the playing field. Players like Sourav Ganguly and Rahul Dravid have proved that a person can excel at sports and studies at the same time. If they did it, why can’t the others? People need not always look at sports as a career option. It can also be viewed as a way of life. Sports teaches many valuable lessons that help an individual grow as a person. Determination, perseverance, integrity, humility, discipline are some of the many qualities that are required in sports. Education and sports are not two entirely different dimensions but two sides of the same coin. Both of them are equally important for the complete development of a child into an individual. Studious sportspersons exist. Though they’re not typical social butterflies and are not visible in crowds due to their hectic schedules, these people represent the best of both worlds — sports and education.

The Social Media

Social networking sites- these three words bring a very large world together on a single platform and in a simple and easy way. If we see the positive side, there are a number of benefits of social networking. How can we forget that how social media helped Malala Yusufzai become the youngest nominee for the noble peace prize. It were these sites only which made it possible not only for her but for 1000s of girls like her to have higher education. The social media has been playing a crucial role in making today’s teens aware about the events around globe by just one click. Social media has proven to be the fastest medium to update ourselves with daily world events. Social media updates every single second bringing the entire world together every second. Although globalisation has to be given its due credit for bringing the world closer economically and further culturally but it is social media platforms that have made it possible for a person in India to watch a French show at the comfort of their home and without any extra cost. With these social networking sites not only now people could talk, interact, respond to someone in the opposite corner of the world but can also be there without actually being there.

Social networking sites have provided a platform for protesting in some rather unusual but effective ways, from BLACKLIVESMATTER to METOO to BRINGBACKOURGIRLS and many more social media have been proved to be the best way of protesting for the right and just cause. As social media does not connect people from just one city or country but all over the world the movements on social media have a greater impact and helps in bringing greater good in the society. Back in 2013 people from different parts of India were able to raise funds from different campaigns on Facebook, Twitter for Uttrakhand flood victims. In 2014 John Bunnel, a US based sheriff was able to mobilize 5000 youngster for a basic life support training campaign only through Facebook campaign. Our Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi has been able to reach to a million people of our country on a personal level through his social media and special programme MANN KI BAAT. These sites made a 14 year old boy Ahammad Mohammed in America fight against the injustice he felt in his school for wearing a handmade watch. It was twitter and facebook only that brought on him the focus of the then President of USA Barack Obama and then later earned him a scholarship too.

There is no doubt that in today’s modern era whether it is a motion of physics or politics of civics we can get all the useful links by just a single click. In no means we can deny that internet has changed everything for good and it is social media that has made it so flexible. It only depends on us, how we take it, as a head or as a tail. Social networking is an ever changing fad which in every field from communication to examination has become our supporting tool. Today no one can even imagine a life without these social networking sites. From dusk to dawn, from entertainment to welfare, our lives now run on these media platform platforms. And as harmful as it’s over usage is as beneficial is its appropriate use.

If Winter Comes, Can Spring Be Far Behind?

This proverb is quite optimistic in nature. It reflects positivity in life. By this quote, we can infer the idea that, if anything unfortunate happens in life, one must not lose hope or feel depressed. Rather, one shall understand that life is a moving cycle of joys and sorrows. Just as happiness, elation and good times even sadness, hindrances and challenges are a part and parcel of human life.

One shall learn to cherish every moment of life. There exists a Chinese Symbol – YIN YANG. It describes the opposite forces of life and and how both are necessary in their own ways. If life is covered with dark clouds, it will also a have a hidden ray of sunshine. If cold-dark times appear and good times begin to fade away, spring will also enter and things will blossom back. If hardships occur, we must not lose hope but must wait for spring, which will bring back the warmth and happiness.

Such is the story of Chantelle Whitney Brown Young aka Winnie Harlow, who was diagnosed with Vetiligo at the age of four. She started experiencing depigmentation of her skin, characterized by black and white patches all over her body. Throughout her young age she experienced a lot of body shaming and bullying. She overcame her nervousness and started working as a professional model at the age of 16. She appeared as a contestant on America’s Next Top Model and rose to glory. She says, “I always say, focus on your own opinion about yourself, rather than the opinions of others.” Winnie did not let her hardships cause an obstacle in her dreams. She has bagged several campaigns till date and has redefined beauty.

Walt Disney, a pioneer of the animation industry, an entrepreneur and producer was the fourth of five children of Elias Disney, a farmer and carpenter by profession. Sir Walt Disney was raised in a family which had a hand to mouth condition. Yet, he rose through adversities and co-founded one of the best motion picture productions in the world, along with amusement parks such as Disneyland and Disney World. He followed a can-do attitude throughout and himself brought spring to his life.

British writer, screenplay director and philanthropist J.K Rowling is the author of the seven series of Harry Potter which is close to the heart of several Potterheads. Between the age 23-28 Rowling was diagnosed with Clinical depression. Her first Harry Potter pitch was rejected 12 times by different publishing houses. This was her bad phase. After several times of convincing, Bloomsbury accepted to publish her novel. Today, Harry Potter is the best-selling book serie in the world with about 500 million copies sold.

In the same manner, putting light on the current scenario, with the onset of the global Covid-19 pandemic, people had almost lost hopes on human existence in the following years. There remained a period of utter darkness and gloom. Nations were shut down according to the Lockdown norms. But gradually, doctors began to find out ways to treat patients. Currently there’s a scenario where there is ample availability of medicines and vaccines to treat the virus.

Therefore, there is no reason to get disheartened if things do not go according to one’s wish. There will surely come a time when lively spring will appear and things will turn out accordingly. And indeed-God helps those who help themselves. We should be the first ones to take ourselves out of any unfortunate event. Thus, one should ask oneself in times of adversities, “If winter is here can spring be far behind?”

What has led today’s younger generation to be devoted towards the Korean language and its culture & where can you meet native Korean speakers in India?

Rise of the Korean culture:

The vibrant and mind-blowing Korean culture has fascinated a lot of youth as of today’s date. The culture and its awesomeness have urged lots of youths as well as adults to learn the Korean language, so that it could be easier to watch K-dramas and also K-POP songs. The influence of the culture has urged lots of people to major in Korean language in India. As a result, people not only throng the institutes where Korean language is being taught, but also opt for those classes online even from rural areas. In the past decades, people were eager to learn

Western languages like French, German, Spanish etc., and would spend tons of dollars learning these.

Obsession towards the culture and it’s language:

The Korean industry is on the pinnacle of its glory due to its technology, K- beauty and K-pop. It has inspired a significant population of the youth, converting people into Korean language learners and Korean culture enthusiasts. Additionally, it also inspires them to meet native Korean speakers, so that they could learn from them and watch Korean dramas with ease instead of relying on the English subtitles. Moreover, it lets you experience the culture with deep insight and also helps you to learn the language more fluently. Today, the number of Korean language learners has increased exponentially in India especially during the pandemic which led them to enroll for different Korean language courses online, where they find proper guidance. Nonetheless, meeting a native speaker can add a huge impact.

Where can you meet Korean native speakers?

1.Hellotalk-A social media app designed for users to learn and exchange language and cultures.

2.Meff-Another social media app to make connections and friendships through social media.

3.Churches-You can find lots of Korean native speakers at churches as well, especially on

Sundays (it specifically includes metro cities).

4.Korean Restaurants-Another great place where you can find native speakers.

5.Tourist spots-Taj Mahal has never ceased to surprise and captivate the hearts of Koreans. It

tops the list of the tourists’ spots that are chosen by Koreans during their visits to India. Yes!!!!

every year there is a huge multitude of Koreans visiting the Taj Mahal.

#korea#korean#Korean Language#foreignlanguage#kdramas#kpop#culture

3 Great inventions with simple engineering techniques – Catseyes, Fountain pen, Safety pin

Cats eyes – Road Reflectors

When you are driving at night, you see reflective objects on road. These objects reflect the light and guide people to drive safely. It may seem so simple, but the idea of this invention came in an interesting way. One night in 1933 when the road mender Percy Shaw was driving home in Yorkshire, he saw the light of his car headlamps reflected in the eyes of a cat beside the road. This gave Shaw the inspiration that by replicating this effect he could produce a practical way of helping drivers navigate poorly lit roads. Shaw’s challenge was to create a device bright enough to illuminate roads at night, robust enough to cope with cars constantly driving across it, and that also required minimum maintenance. Shaw came up with a small device that could be inserted into the road as a marker. It consisted of fur glass beads placed in two pairs facing in opposite directions, embedded in a flexible rubber dome. When vehicles drove over the dome, the rubber contracted and the glass beads dropped safely beneath the road surface. The device was even self-cleaning. The cast-iron base collected rainwater and whenever the top of the dome was depressed, the rubber would wash the water across the glass beads to cleanse away any grime, just as the eye is cleaned by tears. The patent for the catseye was registered in 1934. And in 2001 the product was voted the greatest design of the twentieth century, ahead even of Concorde.

Fountain pen

The invention of the modern fountain pen is really more a story of perfection than invention. In 1883, more than fifty years after the fountain pen was first invented, a New York insurance broker, Lewis waterman, was set to sign an important contract and decided to honor the occasion by using the standard ink-filled pen of the day. However, fountain pens were notoriously unreliable, especially in their capacity to regulate their ink low, so that it could not be signed, waterman decided to do something about it. Within a year Lewis waterman had designed the world’s first practical, usable, and virtually leak proof fountain pen. To regulate the flow of ink he successfully applied the principle of capillary action, with the inclusion of a tiny air hole in the nib of the along with grooves in the feeder mechanism to control the flow of ink from his new leak proof reservoir to the rib.

As early as the beginning of the eighteenth century, the chief instrument-marker to the king of France, M.Bion, crafted fountain pens with nibs, five of which survive to this day. The first steel pen point was manufactured in 1828, thought to be invented by Petrache Poenaru, and in the 1830s the invented James Perry had several unsuccessful attempts at designing nibs that employed the principle of capillary action. But it was Lewis waterman who overcome every obstacle and crafted a successful pen. It was so successful that by 1901, two years after waterman’s death, more than 350,000 pens of his design were sold worldwide.

Safety pin

When it comes to simple engineering, we can’t avoid safety pin. This useful object is found in households across the globe, it even gained status as a fashion accessory, with the movement in 1970s. Walter Hunt was a New York mechanic who, in 1849, sat wondering how to pay off a $15 loan. He spent around three hours twisting a length of wire in his fingers before he created the answers to his problems, the humble safety pin. Pins were by no means a new idea, having existed for centuries before Walter’s twist on the design. However, his creation was unique as it provided a solution to the potential problem of pricking oneself with the old style variety. His pin has a clip at the top which locks the pin and keeps us safe from not pricking. At the bottom it has a spring like structure made by bending the same pin to maintain the tension of the pin. Hunts design was patented in April 1849, and he sold the rights to his creditor, clearing a $385 profit. Unfortunately hunt had no idea how popular his invention was set to become. Even after 150 years, we are using this safety pin which works on a very simple engineering. He also designed America’s first sewing machine with an eye pointed needle. But fearing the loss of jobs his creation may cause, he did not patent the idea. It was left to a fellow American, Elias Howe, to claim the credit for this invention some twenty years later.

“A man who could invent a safety pin . . . was truly a mechanical genius . . .” – New York Times

MEANING AND TYPES OF EATING DISORDERS

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) recognizes Eating Disorders as a serious mental health condition characterized by unhealthy dietary habits and an obsession with body image, weight and food. This can affect any gender but women have a higher risk of getting affected.

SYMPTOMS

Avoiding meals
Often checking oneself in the mirror
Self isolation. Not interacting with people where food is involved
Keeping a check on calories, carbs and content of food eaten
Often feeling tiresome
Episodes of fainting or feeling dizzy
Sudden increase or decrease in body weight
Low immunity

Causes

Low self esteem
Facing other mental disorders such as Depression, Anxiety, O.C.D, etc
Impulsivity
Strongly following a particular thinking
Experience of traumatic events such as bullying or peer pressure in the past
Body image dissatisfaction

TYPES OF EATING DISORDERS

PICA

It is a disorder characterized by craving and consumption of non-food materials. It is mostly found to affect children and pregnant women. Common cravings include chalk, clay, ice chips, glue, soap, etc. People suffering from PICA are found to have nutritional deficiency, stomach pain and damaged teeth. The most common causes may include autism, malnourishment, schizophrenia or pregnancy. Advice of a trained medical practitioner is essential to treat this disorder. A doctor may advice the patient to consume Vitamin supplements if the disorder is caused due to Vitamin deficiency. For a person suffering from other mental health disorders including Pica, the doctor may evaluate him/her accordingly and prescribe psychological therapy. For people having intellectual problems, Pica may last throughout their term of life, while for pregnant women and children, it may fade over a couple of months with accurate treatment.

ANOREXIA NERVOSA

This disorder leads people to obsessively think about their body weight and often see themselves as bulky. Patients follow self starvation and keep a high control over what they consume in order to lose as much weight as possible. They often end up having a life threatening low BMI (body mass index). They follow an intake of medicines and induce puking in order to minimise the calories. It is a complex emotionally stressful condition showing behaviors such as following an extreme exercise routine, constantly weighing themselves, paranoid thinking about weight gain, limiting the consumption of meals, feeling anxious or depressed and social isolation. Low confidence, experience of tragic events, societal pressure, etc may contribute in occurrence of Anorexia Nervosa. Medication, counselling with the family and peer, mineral supplements, dietary advice, cognitive behavioral therapy can help resolve the causative factors of Anorexia Nervosa.

NIGHT EATING SYNDROME

According to this syndrome, patients awaken during the nocturnal period and consume food for a period of more than twice a week. It can affect people from all genders. Night eating episodes or excess consumption of food after having an evening meal is associated with NES. It is quite similar to binge eating, wherein a person is unable to control the urge to eat a large amount of food in a short time span. Symptoms include consumption of more calories in the evening, lack of appetite in the morning, skipping breakfast for more than four mornings a week, misinterpretation that eating in such a manner will induce a better sleep, dull mood, etc. Treatment comprises of physiological methods such as maintenance of a healthy sleep habit, consumption of a healthy diet, gaining emotional support, regularly exercising . Application of other strategies like preventing a response to cravings, self monitoring and increasing consumption of food in the daytime is proven helpful.

ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA

People suffering from this disorder have a mania to ingest only healthy and pure food. This disorder makes the desire to eat the right kind of food so intense that, if one consumes unhealthy or imperfect kind of food, they end up fasting or punishing themselves for it. People suffering from it, will often find themselves surfing through food research sites, convincing themselves that the food they have eaten up was pure, being wary of sickness, fearing to eat food served at unknown places or by unknown people over the thoughts that it might not be according to their set standards, etc. This disorder may be a product of consumption of intoxicants, traumatic childhood dietary illness, fear of a developing a disease, etc.

Along with the above mentioned eating disorders, there are numerous other related disorders. According to statistical research, about 70 million people across the globe are diagnosed with an eating disorder once in their lifetime. Among these approximately 10,200 people die annually, due to an eating disorder. It erodes personal relationships, causes psychological stress and major physical complications. Hence, we can conclude that suffering from any eating disorder disrupts day to day living and thus needs a timely diagnosis, medical intervention and treatment.

Delhi University Cut-Offs Released

A new academic year brings with it a new batch of anxious faces, eagerly looking at the DU cut-offs, hoping they get in. Lakhs of students apply to the University of Delhi annually while only a few make it through. This year too over 4 lakh applications were recorded, the highest being from Delhi, followed by Uttar Pradesh. The lowest number of applications were received from West Bengal. All these candidates are vying for a mere 70,000 seats.

Owing to the deadly second wave of the coronavirus, the exams pan India were cancelled. The different education boards came up with fair scoring criteria for their students. Everyone witnessed remarkable inflation in their marks after the results were declared, with more than 70,000 CBSE students scoring above 95%.

This posed a massive dilemma for the college principals, some of them even suggesting a centralised entrance exam for the batch of 2021. But due to time and procedural constraints, the same wasn’t feasible to conduct. Finally, the University decided to follow the merit basis for admission to the undergraduate programs.

Speculations were rife about the cut-offs being astronomically high for this academic year which, unfortunately, turned out to be true.

After a long and tiring wait, the first cut off list was released yesterday.

In an unprecedented development, at least 6 colleges have released 100% cut-offs in 10 courses which have left the students all over India in shock.

Ramjas college and Hindu college demanded a whopping 100% for Political Science Hons. and Computer Science Hons. The other north campus colleges have followed the same trend. SRCC set the bar at 100% too for B.Com Hons. 13 out of 20 courses in Hansraj college are only available to students who have scored above 99%. The score required for English Hons. has increased by a percent to settle at 99% in most colleges. At Vivekananda College, History Hons requires 97%, a sharp jump from the previous year’s 85%.

Experts are now questioning the evaluation of the board results. A teacher at SRCC clarified that the 100% cut off was based on the applicant data provided to them which had almost 450 students who scored a perfect 100 in the best of four aggregate. It is indeed quite baffling how so many students managed to procure such excessive marks. Fingers would be pointed at various school managements who might have graciously rewarded marks to their pupils.

The number of 100 scorers at DU has increased to almost 10,000 from 5,500 last year. Understandably, the cut-off can’t be kept low.

The cut off list has left many students distraught, a number of them are looking at their DU dreams shattering. Aspirants who are just at the 90% margin are worried about their college prospects now, with many of them looking to seek admission in other universities. The ones who scored below 90% have very bleak chances of getting in, seeing the current trend. This is a leading cause of stress as well as anxiety for both parents and students as their future is now enveloped in a shadow of uncertainty.

The education system has been heavily criticised as there is only space for exceptional scorers in universities now. The entire focus has now shifted to performance in exams instead of the holistic development of children. The sky is the only limit now when it comes to college cut-offs.

Music a Therapy

Music a word which we all love to listen and we always love to listen music as well. Music relaxes our mind. Music listening to music makes us happy. Today everybody whenever they get little bit of their time they listen to music.

It has become an integral part of our life, we can’t even think of a life without music. We have music for every situation. It is scientifically proven that music has many good effects on our health. It helps us to relax from a busy life, it helps to change your mind when we are not feeling good, it booster moral to do something I.e., motivates us, it helps us to work out by giving us inspiration to do it, it helps to forget our tension etc.

Music has actually become a therapy today. Everyone have airpods, earphones, headphones which they use while working out to listen to music to have an inspiration to do it more fast or properly. We hear music in functions which makes us feel very happy with actually enhance is the party or function.

When we hear energetic music automatically feel like dancing which helps is to feel happy. And in Indian weddings we can’t even think of weddings without music and Nagin Dance too.

Whatever be your mode music is always there to motivate you to do better I just to make you happy and enjoy. It actually and has a thinking ability. So there are so many positive effects of listening music so, you do listen to music but, do take care of your ears too, don’t listen it in very high volume. And listen to positive music.

Yoga an Ancient way of Modern Living

Yoga an ancient Indian practice of balancing your body and mind. This is the actual modern way of living as in the stressful life we have forgot in the mean essence of life. Yoga helps us to be fit mentally as well as physically.

Now the whole world has realised the power of yoga. Even the UN has announced 21st june as the international yoga day. Now the whole world is doing yoga and are actually paralyzing the benefits of it.

It is scientifically proven that doing yoga helps you to calm your blood pressure, anxiety, stress and is capable of curing any diseases if done in right manner. It makes your body more flexible and yoga is actually a way of living.

It is really proud moment for India as an Indian ancient practice is now valued in the whole world and is given the Prestige which it deserves. One of the best thing of doing yoga is that it doesn’t have any side effect. Anyone can do it it doesn’t need any prior fitness or anything you can start with simple yoga.

Just if you introduce your car in your daily routine even for 15 minutes it will really give good benefits to your health which you will realise. Yoga has actually become a modern science. So if you are doing yoga please do it on a regular basis and if you are not doing your please start doing it as it has really very good effects on your mental as well as Physical health.

Gandhi Jayanti

2nd October, Gandhi Jayanti ,a date which needs no introduction. Father of our nation Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on this day. He was one of the strongest pillar for India during in struggle for freedom from British era.

He was very different from other freedom fighters. He believed in the concept of nonviolence and self sufficiency. His personality has impressed many leaders around the world like Martin Luther King Jr, Nelson Mandela, Einstein and even the Britishers one of those.

He was a gentleman who gained law degree in London and came back to the India and I was so touched by the living conditions of the people here that he decided to be one of them. He wore a dhoti and thin cloth on upper body.

He was a man of principle, in his aashram he did all of his work on his own and teach the same lesson to his followers. He was a tiny man but having a great speed. He walked miles on his foot that too with great speed, matching his speed was not easy.

He always live for his countrymen and tried to solve their problems and dedicated whole of his life for the country. He fought the fight of freedom with never compromising his principles. That’s the reason he was given the title of ‘Father of India’.

Evolution of motorcars mechanism

It is difficult, to imagine a world without the motorcar. Back in the 1700s, some of the very first cars were powered by stream engines. When German engineer Karl Benz drove a motorcar tricycle I 1885 and fellow Germans Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach converted a horse down carriage into a four wheeled motorcar in august 1886, none of them could have imagined the effects of their invention. Benz recognized the great potential of petrol as a fuel. His three wheeled car had a top speed of just ten miles (16 km) per hour with its four-stroke, one cylinder engine. After receiving his patent in January 1886, he began selling the Benz Velo, but the public doubted its reliability. Benz’s wife Bertha had a brilliant idea to advertise the new car. In 1886 she took it on a 60 mile (100 km) trip from Mannheim to near Stuttgart. Despite having to push the car up hills, the success of the journey proved to a skeptical public that this was a reliable mode of transport.

Daimler and Maybach did not produce commercially feasible cars until 1889. Initially the German inventions did not meet with much demand, and it was French companies like Panhard at Levassor that redesigned and popularized the automobile. In 1926 Benz’s company merged to form the Daimler Benz company. Benz had left his company in 906 and, remarkably, he and Daimler never met. Due to higher incomes and cheaper, mass produced cars, the United States led in terms of motorization for much of the twentieth century. This kind of movement has, however, come at a cost. Some 25 million people are estimation to have died in car accidents worldwide during the twentieth century. Climate changing exhaust gases and suburban sprawl are but two more of the consequences of a heavy reliance on the automobile.

Karl Benz with his wife Bertha, the first motor car (1885)

Invention of the clutch

Almost all historians agree that clutch was developed in Germany in the 1880s. Daimler met Maybach while they were working for Nikolaus Otto, the inventor of the internal combustion engine. In 1882 the two set up their own company, and from 1885 to 1886 they built a four-wheeled vehicle with a petrol engine and multiple gears. The gears were external, however, and engaged by winding belts over pulleys to drive each selected gear. In 1889, they developed a closed four- speed gearbox and a friction clutch to powers the gears, this car was the first to be marketed by the Daimler motor campy in 1890. Without a clutch, if the car engine is running the wheels keep turning. For the car to stop without stalling, the wheels and engine must be separated by a clutch. A friction clutch consists of a flywheel mounted to engine side. The clutch originates from the drive shaft and is a large metal plate covered with a frictional material. When the flywheel and clutch make contract, power is then transmitted to the wheels.

Patent drawings of first motorcar – Karl Benz

Gears in Motorcars

Karl Benz was the first to add a second gear to his machine and also invented the gear shift to transfer between the two. The suggestion for this additional gear came from Benz’s wife, Bertha, who drove the three-wheeled Motorwagen 65 miles from Mannheim to Pforzheim – the first long distance automobile trip. The gears allow the engine to the maintained at its most efficient rpm while altering the relative speed of the drive shaft to the wheels. Gears originally required double clutching, where the clutch had to be depressed to disengage the first gear from the drive shaft, and then released to allow the correct rpm for the new gear to be selected. The clutch was then pressed again to engage the drives shaft with the new gear. Modern cars use synchronized which use friction to match the speeds of the new gear and he shaft before the teeth of the gears engage, meaning that the clutch only needs to be presses once.

“One thing I feel most passionately about: love of invention will never die” – Karl Benz

The Refugees

“Taking Mum’s hand, I whispered ‘Are we really safe, here?’ ”
Alwyn Evans (Walk in my Shoes)

Everyone has a right to make his/ her life happy and fruitful but the refugees have to pay a high price for this quality life. The refugees are the most affected people, in today’s globalised world. Refugees are people who are outside their home country because of their race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion. Displacement is a long, lasting reality for most refugees. We need to bring them out of the situation which they face at borders of different countries. We all know that refugees deserve much better treatment on the borders of the countries than they are able to get. Migration has long been part of our human history, but the current Afghan crisis has shown that countries must accept refugees into their sovereign states. Although we all know the countries with refugees have special security but still we are not ready to take responsibility of human. All the countries know the process to bring refugees or displaced people to a stable life in their country. But still one fact is that we are not ready for this responsibility. Why? No one knows, but what all we should know is the way to make refugees’ life stable as readily as possible. Countries have potential to make life better and even best for refugees but the problem is that we are not taking refugees a collective responsibility. But still there are some super ways to help refugees collectively (by different countries).

All the countries should investigate trafficking gangs who exploit refuges and migrants, and put people’s safety above all. Governments also need to stop blaming refugees and migrants for economic and social problems. Even if governments allow refugees to enter their country, they should not treat them as worthless creatures as they are intruders. Opening up safe routes for refugees is one important solution to the problem. When people are assured about their security, they too start feeling safe though they have a lot of crisis in their country related to their country related to their health and housing, yet they have faith in those country members who by giving equal rights and opportunities assure them that they will definitely be able to live comfortable and happy life. Resettlement is vital solution for the most refugees. And whether they travel by land, or by sea, they should be allowed to cross borders, with or without travel documents. Though countries are not forced to make refugees a part of them, still if they allow some of them to enter, they would definitely be one of the countries who appreciate their courage to come out of drastic situations just to ensure good future on their own basis but what all they want is some support of the country and its permission to enter that particular country.

As we all know women are essential part of a family and a nation. The condition of migrant and displayed women has become the worst. Refugee women, who lose their homes, families, husbands, have to face some very devastating situations during migration. They have to go through different critical situations of rape, sexual and physical harassment and violence. Even the girls of five to twelve years of age have to face such unfortunate incidents which haunt them throughout their lives. Women are more required to migrate than men as they have to face more violence than men. Single parent with her children needs to be concerned more. When females try to cross the borders of the other countries, they are locked with men who are unknown to them, which make the situation worse than ever.

All these incidents of misfortune, violence and harassment can be stopped if we all take a collective step against them countries should accept women as their part of the nation. They should make efforts to make women safe, and secure from these kinds of situations. All the countries should make more migration policies for women and children. For women and children, different routes for migration should be made. If their cases are pending, they should be allowed to live in quarters but not with men of other families. If women refugees are being oppressed, their cases should be recognized and they should be given justice. For children, policies like keeping them away from gang exploiters should be formed. Children who get separated from their parents should be kept in safe places. Special security forces should be there to safeguard children and women. So it is not important that whatever we do alone could gain better results, things done collectively are more beneficial for people who are real heroes, who leave their home and nation for betterment, who we call victims of misfortune, “THE REFUGEES”.

About that author- Rudyard Kipling

Rudyard Kipling, a journalist, short-story writer, poet, and novelist who is best known among us for his novel the jungle book, was an eminent 20th century writer. Kipling became the youngest person and till this date is the youngest person to receive the award in 1907, at the age of 41.

Life

Rudyard Kipling was born in 1865, in Mumbai, India, which was a British colony during that time. He was born to John Lockwood Kipling and Alice Kipling. His father was an artist and an architect who used to work at an art school in Mumbai.

He spent his early childhood in India as an Anglo-Indian and at the age of 6 went to Britain and was vaguely perplexed with his identity, a topic he lightly touches on in his later work. In Britain, Kipling did not live with his parents; instead they left both Rudyard and his younger sister with a foster family. During this time, the couple that were looking after the siblings did not treat him very well. In his autobiography Something of Myself for My Friends Known and Unknown, which was published posthumously , Kipling looks back at this period of his life with dread. Kipling felt abandoned and isolated throughout his childhood. First he was abandoned by his parents and then he was neglected in his foster home too.

In 1877 Kipling’s mother returned to England and pulled her children out of that foster home. The very next year, he was sent to the United Services College in Devon, where students would be prepared for the army.

Career

Towards the end of the school, Kipling dropped out as his family did not have enough money to send him to college so instead his father secured a job for him in India and worked as an editor and a journalist for a newspaper. This was the beginning of his journalistic career. It was in India that Kipling started to publish his collection of short stories. He published Plain Tales from the Hills in 1888 and he published 6 volumes of short stories which included soldiers Three, The Phantom Rickshaw; between 1887 and 1889. By the end of this decade, Kipling gained so much popularity that he was being considered one of the best prose writers of his time.

He left India in 1889 and went to San Francisco during this journey he met The Adventures of Tom Sawyer writer Mark Twain.

In 1892, he married Caroline Balestier and the couple lived in America before moving to England. In this decade Kipling he produced work that he is most known for, like The Light That Failed in 1891, The Jungle Book in 1894, The Seven Seas in 1896, a collection of poems, Captains Courageous in 1897.

In 1907, at the age of 41, he became the youngest and the first Englishman to receive the Nobel Prize for literature. Kipling is thought to be an imperialist; his ideology at that time and even during this time is not accepted by people and has been long criticized for the same. However, he was a very popular writer of his time.

About that author- Charles Bukowski

“We are here to laugh at the odds and live our lives so well that Death will tremble to take us.”

This very famous quote by Charles Bukowski gives us an idea about the kind of individual he was. He was the kind of poet who wrote whatever was in his heart, whenever it was. He always spoke about a part of himself that exists inside us all but we choose to silence it. Bukowski, afraid of that part, still chooses to give it a voice through his poems.

Life

Charles Bukowski was a German-American poet, writer known for the violent imagery he tries to depict with his writing. Bukowski left his home in Los Angeles to move to New York to pursue writing. In New York he took up a lot of odd jobs so that he could continue to write, but he did not see much success during that period of his life.

Career

Charles Bukowski published his first story, titled “Aftermath of a Lengthy Rejection Slip” in 1944, at the age of 24 in a magazine. He published another story titled “20 Tanks from Kasseldown” about 2 years later in 1946, but unfortunately he failed to make a breakthrough and was left disappointed. Bukowski wrote a lot, was published too little and received even less recognition. This led him to quit writing or rather take a break from writing in the year 1946.

Now, one could say that Bukowski did not do anything during his hiatus but I disagree. During these years Bukowski gathered material for his future work. He moved back to Los Angeles and lived the life of a hippie and wandered around the country staying in cheap places. He would travel. drink alcohol and observe. The observations are talked about in his later published books.

Bukowski talked about the harsh and crude reality of existence and is known for his raw and bare writing.

After a hiatus of almost a decade, Bukowski got back to writing. In the mid 1950s he was hospitalized for a fatal bleeding ulcer. After being released from the hospital he started to write poetry, at the age of 35. Charles Bukowski, in 1957 married Barbara Frye, who later died in India. This incident resulted in Bukowski going back to alcohol and writing poetry.

By this time, Bukowski’s poems were published in literary magazines. But still he was unable to see the success he very much deserved. In the 1960s, he published a lot of poems and short stories and only tasted success in his 50s.

Bukowski spent more than half of his life writing and not seeing any considerable amount of success. He did not give up, in fact there was no point in him giving up because he was not one of the writers who wrote to achieve success, he wrote because he was extraordinarily in love with his art. He did not try to be a writer, in fact he didn’t try to be anything but true to himself and his work. He did not force himself to write, evident by his decade long hiatus. He thought that there had been too many writers in the past who forced themselves to try, whereas in his opinion if you truly love an art form you wouldn’t have to try, it would come to the artist. In his opinion if you had to try to be or do something you shouldn’t try at all. Even his grave has the words “don’t try” engraved on it.

He died in 1994, due to leukemia after living an adventurous and fulfiled life.

MARKETING AND ITS TYPES

Marketing is any activity undertaken by an individual or a firm consisting of a set of processes such as creation, communication, delivery, and exchange of goods or services that have value to the clients, customers and the society as a whole. Pursuits such as conceptualization, promotion and exchange of ideas aid in satisfying the needs of the clientele. Marketing of an existing or new product or service is essential for mass awareness, maintaining brand credibility, building trust among the buyers and ultimately to increase sales. Marketing can be done through varied methods as per the requirements and convenience of a firm.

TRADITIONAL MARKETING

It is among the oldest marketing strategies followed across the world. The success rate in this type of a marketing strategy is higher as it has been tried and tested for a number of years. This includes all offline marketing strategies which help to reach out to the target audience. It may be in the form of pamphlets, bill boards, posters, FM- radio, newspapers, etc.

For Example – The footwear market is lead by brands such as Nike, Adidas, Puma, Sketchers, etc. Consumers often get attracted by looking at the advertisements of these brands on the front page of newspapers, magazines or over bill boards as well.

INFLUENCER MARKETING

Individuals having a multitude of followers are asked to endorse a product over their channel/website for a decided amount of commission fee. These influencers make use of their fame and status to market that particular brand or product to their target audience. This technique certainly helps to boost sales as a known famous person recommends a company’s product/service and it does increase the visibility of that brand.

For instance – Allen Solly employed this strategy by leading the campaign of #shootforsolly. They invited over 20 influencers to market their new product – Chinos. These influencers were asked to pair Allen Solly Chinos alongside a tee of their choice and participate in a photoshoot. This technique helped the brand reach over about 3.2 million impressions.

AFFINITY MARKETING

It’s a Win-Win situation for both the brands engaging into this type of a marketing strategy. Expansion of the business through a partnership (co-branding), wherein two related brands get along and sell their product is known as affinity marketing. This approach helps satisfy the needs of the end users in a greater manner.

For instance – Taco bell (a popular fast-food chain) got along with Doritos (brand selling flavoured tortilla chips) to offer a merged food preparation called as Doritos Locos Tacos. These two brands made it to a 500 million sales mark over a period of just 14 months.

BUZZ MARKETING

It is a marketing tactic wherein brands intentionally create videos, advertisements, bill-boards that are comical, funny, outrageous or controversial. It is a unique marketing strategy to get your brand to become the talk of the town. It intends to create excitement and enthusiastic anticipation among the people.

For instance – AMUL, an Indian dairy product brand, published a cartoon picture advertisement depicting a Chinese Dragon. The picture said, “Exit the Dragon?” Public took this advertisement as an endorsement of ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ and ‘Boycott of goods made in China’. This particular endorsement made rounds on the Internet.

SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING

We live in the times where, more than one person from every family is active on Social Media sites such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, so on and so forth. Thus, marketeers take it into consideration that posting content on social media sites will definitely boost sale. In the Covid-19 Pandemic, brand endorsers looked at social media as a boon, as they could reach out to their potential clients through online modes.

For instance – Dettol (a British brand producing cleaning supplies and disinfectants), launched their Dettol Anthem on YouTube in India during the pandemic. This fetched many views, likes and also lead to a boost in their sales. The Anthem says, ‘Mil Ke Harayenge’ ( English Translation – Together we will defeat it).

Marketing is one of the most exciting branches of a business. With the changing times, even the marketing strategies are blooming and undergoing a change. Along with meeting the organization’s set targets even customer satisfaction is greatly taken care of. With a global exchange of ideas and technology the methods of marketing are evolving and will reach greater heights in the upcoming years.

Pets A True Friend

Having a pet at home, may be a dog, cat or any other animal makes you feel like a family and a companion. For a pet owners become their whole world. They are always loyal towards their owner, they are actually like parent to them.

There are many scientific proven positive effects on mental and social well being while having a pet at your home. They never let you feel alone, they are always around you. They sense your feelings and try to make you happy always. They can’t speak in our language but, they can understand and we can understand them too, there is actually an internal connection with them.

Having a pet miss you more social as you always have to take them for a walk that also help in having a physical exercise for us too. The help us connect to the people. Once you have a pet you actually have a family member with you which never lets you be lonely.

l just want to say that please care for your pets, don’t ever leave them as where whole world is you can’t live without you. Teacher responsibility of paint only when you can take care of them till the last breath don’t leave them alone in the middle of an ocean.

Be a good pet owner. Be like their parent and care for them as your child, play with them as friend and treat them as your family.

Making a Career in Community and Social Services

The community services industry is a largely overlooked sphere and the wide array of possibilities bubbling here go unnoticed by the general population. Moreover, this sector is pivotal to the development of the nation. It is essential for preparing young adults to become principled citizens in a globalized world. Students looking to start their careers should be made aware of the opportunities available here.

Job Prospects

According to one report by the US Bureau of Labour Statistics, the social and community employment sector is expected to grow by 12 per cent between 2020 and 2030.

There is a wide range of career opportunities in this domain including health inspectors, correctional and probationary officers, marriage therapists, disability assistants, and rehabilitation counsellors. In contrast to other sectors, community services give employees a myriad of client areas to choose from. That means one can continue to grow and diversify until one lands their perfect niche.

Jobs would typically be advertised on social media or community issue-focused websites. Local authorities will give notice of the jobs on their respective websites, as will larger charities.

Most employers generally comprise officials of local authorities, not-for-profit organizations, rural development groups, organizations concerned with particular groups or issues such as refugees or asylum seekers, drug addicts, sexual abuse victims, etc.

Since these workers aid marginalized groups and tackle the problem persisting in their local area, they would be required to work closely with other organizations such as the police, schools, and other agencies and operate mainly within inner-city areas, small towns, and rural localities.

Educational requirements

The field is well suited for individuals who are keen to help people in need and contribute to a positive change in society. One can chalk out their education by specializing in areas of drugs and alcohol abuse, family and domestic violence, housing, or adolescent development to get a more enhanced perspective before stepping into this fast-growing industry. It would also help in bettering the chances of securing employment for the candidate. Although entry to this field is not restricted by educational qualifications having a degree in any subject certainly helps.

Key skills for workers

Prospective job seekers wishing to go the extra mile should focus on honing key skills like written and oral communication skills, sincerity, patience, tact, and the ability to earn the trust of others, and finally an in-depth understanding of policies that affect target groups.

Responsibilities

Standard responsibilities include helping communities share resources effectively, recruiting and training volunteers, presenting verbal and written reports to the superiors, generating funds for the operations, creating awareness about important issues, developing projects to help sections of society afflicted with various social evils like drug abuse and managing the audit processes,

Conclusion

The challenges involved in this career would push the person to grow and evolve into a more empathetic individual while exposing them to people from all walks of life. Being a noble profession also enriches a person’s social standing in society.

All things considered, this is a highly recommended line of work.

why Higgs Boson is called as the ‘God Particle’?

In 1964 peter Higgs with five scientists proposed a theory called the Higgs mechanism to explain the existence of mass in the universe. Before 1930s, atoms were considered as the fundamental particles. Then we found electron, protons and neutrons as atomic particles. Later we found that protons and neutrons are made up of even more small fundamental particles called quarks. Quarks are the fundamental building blocks for the whole universe. The key evidence for the existence of these elementary particles came from a series of inelastic electron-nucleon scattering experiments conducted between 1967 and 1973 at the Stanford linear accelerator center. They are commonly found in protons and neutrons. There are six types of quarks, up quark, down quark, top quark, bottom quark, strange quark, charm quark. They can have positive (+) or negative (-) electric charge. Up, charm and top quarks have a positive 2/3 charge. Down, strange, bottom quarks have a negative 1/3 charge. So protons are positive because there are two quarks (+2/3) ups and one down quark (-1/3), giving a net positive charge (+2/3+2/3-1/3 =1). These three quarks are known as valence quarks, but the proton could have an additional up quark and anti-up quark pair.

The Higgs field theory

In the second half of the 20th century, physicists made a developed a theory called a standard model of particle physics. They theorized about twelve fundamental particles that make up all matter, and four particles called bosons are responsible for three fundamental forces of nature. It includes strong force, weak force, and electromagnetism. Gravity is another force, it is not a part of this model but, it can be modeled using general relativity. With these fundamental particles in the standard model and gravity, we can build almost everything in the entire universe. However until 2012, the standard model was an underlying theory. Because all forces carrying particles should be massless. So, although the photons are massless, experiments show that the weak forces bosons have mass. So that was a promising model that could be used to explain our universe. But perhaps, it would need to be thrown out because it had the seemingly fatal flaw in being inconsistent regarding the way the weak force worked in the late 1950s physicists had no idea to resolve these issues all attempts to solve this problem. But indeed it created new theoretical problems. In 1964, Peter Higgs hypothesized that perhaps the force articles were massless but gained mass when they interacted with an energy field that is the reason for the existence of the entire universe.

During the very early moments following the big bang, in the universe, the elementary particles were massless and they were pure streams of energy that move at the speed of light. As the expansion of the universe was proceeding, density and temperature decreased below a certain key value. According to the theory, the Higgs field interacts with particles and can give them mass. It is theorized that different particles interact differently with the field, the particles that interact with it more intensely have greater mass and particles that don’t interact with it that much have lower mass. Just imagine Higgs field as water, pointed shape objects interact lesser with water and cube shaped objects interact more with it. Some particles don’t interact with the field like photons are massless. A fundamental part of the theory was the presence of a specific particle; it’s called the Higgs boson. A boson that would allow the Higgs mechanism to unfold correctly to give mass to all other particles.

CERN’s discovery of a new particle

Even though Higgs theorized it, scientists can’t able to prove that until 2012. The particle accelerators had to possess a huge amount of energy to detect them. Finally, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the CERN’s particle accelerator has been turned on in 2008 and managed to recreate the required energy and temperature conditions in 2012. The Higgs boson was finally experimentally detected and on 4th July, a conference held in the CERN auditorium announced the discovery of a particle compatible with the Higgs boson. The machine accelerates Hadron bundles at close to the speed of light and collides them each other in opposite directions. At four separate points the two beams cross, causing protons to smash into each other at enormous energies, with their destruction being witnessed by super-sensitive instruments. Even if LHC is the world’s largest particle accelerator, it had to work hard to detect Higgs boson. If the Higgs field doesn’t exist, all particles in the universe will become absolutely weightless and fly around the universe in the speed of light. For This reason Higgs boson is often called as the ‘God particle’.

“I never expected this to happen in my lifetime and shall be asking my family to put champagne in the fridge.” – Peter Higgs

About that Author and her books: Sarah J. Maas

The queen of YA fantasy world, author of numerous books, including the throne of glass novellas, the renowned A Court Of Thorns And Roses series(ACOTAR), Crescent City, etc. all of which are ACTUALLY New York Times bestsellers, this 35 year-old author from New York, has created works that are read all over the world and loved incomparably. She currently lives in Pennsylvania with her husband Josh, her son Taran and her dog Annie. she first wrote her novel throne of glass when she was just 16, which turned out to be her debut novel when published after almost a decade. Though after writing several chapters of the novel, which was then titled queen of glass, she put it up on fictionpress.com, and got much adoration for it.

A wild spirit, Sarah continued writing the throne of glass series, which was then purchased by Bloomsbury, and published its last novel, kingdom of ash in 2018.

Her second set of novellas is A court of thorns and roses series( my personal favorite) which is inspired by the story of Beauty and the beast( also my favorite), first written in the year of 2009 but wasn’t published until 2015. the last book of this series was just published in early 2021, in the united states and some more countries. It is expected to be a virtual series on Hulu.

Her third novel, a TOME would be a more appropriate word for it, is the Crescent City series, who’s first book, house of earth and blood was published in 2018, and the publishing of the second book was just announced yesterday! (which is how I got the idea to write about her) It is publishing on February 22, 2022. I can’t wait!

Now comes the brief introduction to each of her novellas( while NOT giving the spoilers… I guess *winks awkwardly*)

A COURT OF THORNS AND ROSES

This a story of a huntress, a fierce, strong and bold huntress. involving Fae creatures, romance, wars and what not, this book will give you chills every time you read it. though, honestly speaking, the words mate, grinned and purred are used rather extensively, if you really get into the plot, you wont even notice it! it is that good.

CRESCENT CITY

Chronicles of a girl, a valiant girl named Bryce Quinlan, and a boy, a dark but kind boy named Hunt Athalar and the adventures they face for love. Though being a massive, gigantic tome, if you’re anything like me, I am sure you’ll read it in less than 4 days if you really get into the story. There is still an extensive use of the words grin, purr, and a rather peculiar way to write ‘hel’, but regardless of all of this, I love this book to death. memento mori, and read it now!

THRONE OF GLASS

a story about Calaena Sardothien, an assassin, a person whom everyone fears, Throne of glass series is Perfect for anybody who likes a Dark Romance kinda vibe. I am truthfully not the right person to descript this book as I am still on the fourth one, but, up till now, it is GOOD, so good. I would suggest you to read it with my utter heart.

About that artist- Artemisia Gentileschi

Artemisia Gentileschi is regarded as one of the most illustrious artists of the 17th century. She made a name for herself during a time when women were not allowed to be a part of art and cultural activities. Her paintings were a symbol of women empowerment of the Baroque period and yet are not well known.

Early life

Artemisia was born in 1593 in Rome Italy, to Orazio Gentileschi, a renowned painter at the time. Her father recognized her talent from an early age and encouraged her to paint. Her father was a huge follower of the remarkable Baroque painter Caravaggio and her own paintings were highly inspired by Caravagio’s dramatic realism.

Career

Gentileschi’s earliest known work is Sussana and the Elders, who at the time of painting this was only 17. The painting shows a young woman Sussane taking a bath in her garden and two men with ill intentions and a predatory look towering over the young women. Sussane who obviously seems very vulnerable at the moment and can not do much but just confute the two men with her actions which go to waste. This painting is inspired from a tale in the book of daniel. This tale portrays Sussana taking a bath in her garden as two elders start spying and harassing her sexually.

In 1611, an Italian landscape painter Agostino Tassi who was working under Orazio, went into their house and raped Artemisia. Orazio was under the impression that Tassi would be marrying her daughter to save the Gentileschi name from embarrassment but when Tassi refused to do so Orazio took him to trial. This was really tragic for the 17 year old Gentilesci, according to her father and all the other men in power her virginity was stolen but for her it was a part of her that was stripped away. As if this wasn’t enough torture for her she was tortured with nails and screws at the trial to attest the authenticity of her testimony. Tassi was found guilty but did not serve any sentence owing to his relations with the pope.

A short while after the trial, her father married her off to a Florence based artist and moved to florence. This period of her life brought her tremendous success. She became the first woman to be accepted at the Academy of Design, Florence. This meant that she did not need permission from any man to buy art supplies, she could do it without any men controlling her.

In Florence, Gentileschi had developed her own style. She used tenebrism in her paintings which is a style of painting that uses light and dark contrasts and the dark becomes a dominating feature.

In 1620, she completed Judith Slaying Holofernes, which is inspired from a narrative in The Bible. Throughout the history of art many versions of this tale have been painted by multiple artists, even Caravaggio but Gentileschi’s version is more real and violent. This work of hers can be compared with her own traumatic experience, where Holofernes can be compared to Tassi and Judith is Gentileschi.

Now it is not that she was the first female painter ever but all the female artists that came before her chose still lives or aesthetically pleasing subject matters. Gentileschi on the other hand, portrayed women that were a subject to male oppression like herself and were raw. Yet she is not very well known in the 21st century. Gentileschi’s work is empowering and a mark of early feminism and needs to be celebrated.

Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior.

A primary goal of management education is to develop students into managers who can think ahead, exercise good judgment, make ethical decisions, and take into
consideration the implications of their proposed actions.

Premises
Organizations are complex systems.
Where is a need to understand how the system operates esp. in a sociotechnical system – humanity and technology.
Human behavior in organizations is
sometimes unpredictable.
Behaviors may come from deep-seated needs, lifetime experiences and personal value systems ,Human behavior in a organization can be partially understood
And Applying the frameworks of behavioral science, management and other disciplines.

There are no perfect solutions to
organizational problems well, Increase the understanding and skills – work relationships can substantially upgraded

An organization is a collection of people
who work together to achieve individual
and organizational goals. Or it can be a consciously coordinated social unit,
composed of two or more people, that
functions on a relatively continuous basis
to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

Organizational behavior is actually the study of human behavior in the workplace,
And the interaction between people and the organization, and the organization itself.

It’s basic goals focuses on the behaviour of people under a variety of conditions.as even understanding the reason for the same . Managers need to remember that organizational behavior is a tool for human benefit

Organisational behaviour encompasses three broad areas which are mentioned below
1.The Behavior of People in Organisations

2.Organisational Structure

3.Behavior of organization

Anone studying about the importance of organisation and organizational behaviour will get to know it’s major aspects and Develop its skills to function effectively in the workplace. It even leads in the Growth of personality through insight into human behaviour as well as Enhance overall organizational effectiveness.

Thank you.

Consumers Perception towards OTT Platform VS Theatre.

The Internet is rapidly transforming the show business in India. the dimensions and effect of the longer-term use of digital content is very large for the country’s mobile user base, led by the launch of three G and 4 G networks and many subscribers. Audiences are using numerous different technologies to look at films, documentaries, and web series on their smartphone devices. Some examples include Netflix, Amazon Prime, Hotstar and Zee5, which provide movies and other video content through internet. it’s become a challenge to the Movie theater industry. Now that theatres are pack up and film releases are suspended during the national shutdown, cinema owners worry that the universal experience of viewing
movies will eventually change digital platforms, resulting in a dip in viewers
visiting once the screens open again.

Over-the-top (OTT) media platform refers to something sort of a digital video platform which is distributed explicitly to consumers bypassing cable, radio and satellite television channels over the web that sometimes act as distributors of these content. Over the past few years, owing to the increase in internet consumption, the media and entertainment sector has seen a
significant push. The fundamentals of the cinema industry are being redefined.

When it involves OTT platforms, on a mean every user holds minimum of
two OTT platforms, most important advantage of OTT platforms is that buyer’s access plenty of content during a freemium model where OTT platforms offer free content with a selected collection and there would be an incentive to modify to the paying subscription. OTT platforms have allowed users, at
their own convenience, to access a spread of content at low expense.
When it involves Movie theatres, Majority of the viewers choose a movie
once very month Viewers are able to spend 500-1000rupees to observe a movie. Majority of the viewers opting to observe a movie within the theatre when it’s a highly content driven movie. Thus, a change in
consumer watching habits is often seen where theatres were highly
preferred for commercial/big star movies, but now it replaced by content
driven movies. From the info, it is often said that folks prefer watching content mostly in OTT platforms and infrequently in movie theatres. Convenience is that the
biggest reason behind the utilization of over-the-top application. Second
biggest reason is choice of wide selection of content. Third on is availability of content on demand.

Conclusion:
The Indian audience’s perception of trends within the Indian media and show business is encouraging. The Indian audience claims that these applications are transforming the Indian media and entertainment sector, and therefore the reasons for these improvements are media
convenience, content efficiency, economical media, and innovative
projects. Research reveals that the longer term of Over-the-Top (OTT)application in India is promising. But certain factors of theatres like Screen size and Sound quality, theatrical experience and ambience can’t be achieved by OTT platforms. So, people will certainly reach bent theatres, but it’ll happen slowly thanks to things, but it can never be completely erased on the existence of OTT platforms. To summarize, the report
suggests that the OTT industry has disrupted the movies industry which
because the industry dynamics changes, both mediums won’t only coexist
but even prosper together.

Thank you.

Caste Atrocities In Contemporary India.

By Dilip Patel

Position related brutality in India has happened and keeps on happening in different structures. As indicated by a report by Common liberties Watch: Unfair and savage, brutal, and debasing
treatment of more than 165 million people in India has been advocated based on standing. Position is drop based and genetic in nature. It is a trademark dictated by one’s introduction to the
world into a specific rank, independent of the confidence rehearsed by the person. Caste signifies a conventional arrangement of unbending social definition into positioned
bunches characterized by drop and occupation. Caste divisions in India overwhelm in lodging, marriage, work, and gender and danger of social exclusion, financial blacklists, and actual violence. eral social connection divisions that are supported through the training.

The Dalits | Still untouchable
Article 46 of the Indian Constitution.
Today, 68 years after Autonomy, as Dalits keep on enduring the worst part of savagery and segregation featured lately by the appalling self destruction of Rohith Vemula, a Ph.D understudy
in the Hyderabad Focal College who hanged himself, accusing his introduction to the world as a “deadly mishap” in a chilling last note-we were
unable to be any further away from what the Constitution had requested from a free and reasonable India

A ghost of self destruction passed by a few Dalit students was frequenting India. Out of 25 students who ended it all just in north India and Hyderabad since 2007, 23 were Dalits. This remembered two
for the lofty All-India Foundation of Clinical
Sciences in New Delhi, and 11 in Hyderabad city alone. Deliberate information doesn’t exist for such suicides, however the issue runs far more
profound than a couple of understudies choosing to take their own lives in the wake of being crushed by the framework. Dalit problem in India peruses like a whole information sheet of misfortunes. As indicated by a 2010 report by the
Public Basic liberties Commission (NHRC) on the Anticipation of Outrages against Booked Ranks, a wrongdoing is carried out against a Dalit like clockwork. Overall, three Dalit ladies are assaulted, two Dalits killed, and two Dalit houses
consumed. As indicated by the NHRC insights set up by K.B. Saxena, a previous extra boss secretary of Bihar, 37% Dalits live underneath the destitution line, 54% are undernourished, 83 for
every 1,000 kids brought into the world in a Dalit family pass on before their first birthday celebration, 12% before their fifth birthday celebration, and 45 percent stay unskilled. The information likewise shows that Dalits are kept from entering the police headquarters in 28% of Indian towns. Dalit kids have been made to sit
independently while eating in 39% government schools. Dalits don’t get mail conveyed to their homes in 24% of towns. What’s more, they are denied admittance to water sources in 48% of our towns since distance stays a distinct reality
despite the fact that it was abrogated in 1955.

India’s caste system is perhaps the world’s longest enduring social progression. A characterizing highlight of Hinduism, station incorporates an intricate requesting of gatherings of people based on custom immaculateness. An
individual is viewed as an individual from the position into which the person is conceived and stays inside that
standing til’ the very end, albeit the specific positioning of that rank may differ among districts and over the long run. Contrasts in status are generally supported by the strict dictated by one’s deeds in past lifetimes.

today

The infection doesn’t see race, religion, shading, standing, doctrine, language or lines prior to striking”, while this glossed over, apparently fair- minded assertion from the Indian government has
been prevalently embraced and worldwide
worshipped, it doesn’t detract from the way that it was incredibly repetitive and proudly harsh.
Alongside the assertion—the revelation of public lockdown on 25th Walk 2020, the endorsed proportion of social separating, the cross country
burden of Fundamental Products Act, infection testing rules and any remaining activities of the individual state organizations have been in
finished dismissal to the limit contrasts and variety of the nation’s social and monetary set-up Government Initiatives . Deliberately ignoring the
standing class order and their commensurate connection in India, the state’s response to the
infection has been regardless commenced on such natural biases. Guaranteeing that the infection would influence the individuals who are
living on the 24th floor of an extravagance lofts in Mumbai and the Chamars and Musahar people group living in ghetto cum-ghettos similarly, is an endeavor to homogenize the populace while
invisiblising the individuals who are at the lower part of the financial pecking order of the station framework. Hence, the prevalent view that Coronavirus is considerably more fair-minded
than a large portion of us, is itself covered with predispositions which comes from the remaining alive station class advantage. The problem of utilizing social removing as a worldwide popular expression was only a hint of
something larger. There is more than what meets the eyes. Standing framework is that butterfly whose fluttering wings affect a wide range of associations of a person. From the way one dresses and lives and to the manner by which once makes money and makes an occupation, rank is a convincing despot which orders
everything, including this infection. It is standing based positions, for example, rummaging, sterilization, channel cleaning, their ensuing negligible social qualities, lacking compensations prompting unhygienic ghetto based way of life
which makes Dalit and Adivasi people group tortured not simply by their station personalities and its repercussions yet in addition by the deadly dangers of Coronavirus

Government Initiatives

Indian Government has enacted laws to remove untouchability and has also brought in many reforms to improve the quality of life for the weaker sections of society. Few among them are:
• Constitutionally guaranteed fundamental
human rights
• Abolition of ‘ untouchability’ in 1950
• Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe
(Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989
• Provision of reservation in places like
educational institutions, for employment
opportunities etc.
• Establishing social welfare departments and national commissions for the welfare of scheduled castes and tribes.

Solutions

i. some benefit based training to youngsters from adolescence can tackle the issue of casteism somewhat.
ii. Different social organizations like family,
school, and Broad communications should be given the duty to build up an appropriate, wide viewpoint among youngsters, which will invalidate the sensations of casteism, for instance,
making mindfulness about the evil impacts of sustaining the conventional rank framework.
iii. Scholarly projects should be taken up in rustic territories as the position sentiments, which further propagate casteism, are more in country
regions. These sensations of caste can be limited by the arrangement of social schooling among rural population.

Thank you.

References

Dehalwar, K., & Sharma, S. N. (2024). Politics in the Name of Women’s Reservation. Contemporary Voice of Dalit, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328X241262562

(News)Diwali with a difference: NGO runs campaign to help marginalised people

It all starts with an attempt to go ahead in a path decided with a purpose in the present with severance and striking or facing it.

Life is what you make it . It is said that a human being with a purpose is most powerful than any other ordinary person . In this world , where obstacle strikes back of opportunities , one have to make there own path towards the destination which is to be decided in present for the future . Our value increases based on our ability to see our worth and when difficulties strike hard in life keeping ourselves with the same pace till the storm passes .

In keeping with the spirit of the festive season, a Pune-based non-government organisation (NGO) is running a pan-India initiative by distributing “Diwali happiness kits” that include groceries and hygiene essentials , In keeping with the spirit of the festive season, a Pune-based non-government organisation (NGO) is running a pan-India initiative by distributing “Diwali happiness kits” that include groceries and hygiene essentials For many it more or less about the donation or charity but it’s not actually what they think it’s actually about this small smile and happiness on the face of the child .

Diwali an occasion, an event is an beginning and cerium of good over event , and bring a plant of hope as a light over darkness as symbolizing the victory . The way comes out with the spark of prosperous and growth many .

All the way , A hope for small things brings a tremendous smile on a small child . It’s Just takes a matter of time to spend a moment for them . Diwali , an occasion of happiness for everyone , that brings a hope as well as joy for individuals, celebrating it in our customs of growth and prosperous for many .

Just with the one step of an individual will eventually lead a drastic change in their lives . It’s not about the donation or charity one gives , but it’s about the blessings with an opportunity for them to go ahead in their path of destination . It brings smile on the face of a child with an opportunity for them to go ahead .

The organization mainly Emphasis on the growth and development of unprivileged children which eventually lead by providing them support system.

With the start of this prosperous fevital , which brings a glint of hope for many people , children’s and poor , the NGOs are provided them a “Diwali happiness gift” ,which includes groceries and toiletries

This Diwali let’s one make some contribution to an unprivileged one .

Thank you

1. Mission Changes

2. Strategic Changes

3. Operational Changes

4. Technological Changes

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TPM Concept

A 5-Step Model

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Performance appraisal

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What are negotiation skills?

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Knowledge management

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2. Contingency Approach:

3. Productivity Approach:

4. System Approach

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The Organizational Process

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Features of Systems Approach:

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BENEFITS OF LEARNING SELF DEFENSE

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Life

Career

The Blue Period

The Rose Period

Cubism

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Vermeer and his style

What is so special about it?

Later assessment

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Literary work

Political career

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Some loved and epic shows still to be remembered and watched are –

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Life

Career

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Life

Career

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