What happens if Social Media Disappears

Sharing our meals, style, routine, work, relationships, friendships, opinion exercises, likes, and lives has become so normal, it’s now compulsive. We joke that if you didn’t post it, it didn’t happen. But what if one day, you went to post your beautiful meal on Instagram and you can’t find the app. Anywhere. There is also no YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, or Pinterest. This can’t be happening. Social media has disappeared. Would there be chaos? How would communication change? How would your brain change?

Social media is a huge part of everyday life, with those 16 to 24 years of age spending 3 hours a day, on an average using social media. At this age, if we live to our old age, we’ll end up spending seven years of our entire lives on social media. And it’s an amount expected to rise with younger generations. It would be a rough wake up call to lose connections and friends that were solely based on social media apps like Instagram. You would immediately feel disconnected, uninformed, and lost. Your brain would also be going through some major withdrawal symptoms. Using social media releases dopamine through the Ventral Tegmental Area of the brain or VTA, it’s the same neurotransmitter that releases those good feelings when you win a lottery, make love, or eat junk food. It makes us feel wonderful, at least momentarily, and the continuous craving keeps us coming back for more.

Social media is a drug and many of us are willing addicts. The VTA evolved in humans as a social tool, helping us in learning good behavior from bad. Now, the same chemical response once prompted by a real-life-friendly hug or celebration for personal achievement is triggered by virtual likes, or hearts or comments. Yet social media can make us feel the opposite of happy. The fear of missing out(FOMO), anxiety, jealously, insecurity, and needing instant approval from others, these are all impulses that increase with social media use.

So, while your brain is going through withdrawal, you’ll also be discovering what it feels like not to have to be connected all the time, which could be pretty refreshing. Just remember we did survive with no media for millennia. One of the first platform Friendster, came online in 2002, followed two years later by Facebook. It wasn’t until 2005, that YouTube changed our world. You still have e-mail and Google, so not all is lost, texting and calling still exist, so staying in contact with friends and family just requires a little more effort. You might begin reading books and magazines again, something needs to fill that void where influencers opinion used to be. You’d also have to get news the old-fashioned way without the filters of algorithms, which means you would be better informed. More than half of the world population get some form of news from social media, but platforms such as Facebook or Twitter do not have the ethical requirements of traditional journalism. The information on social media channels is not fact-checked, leaving it up to you to figure out what is credible and what is simply an opinion or worse a complete lie.
However, the actual good news is that you might get to know your neighbor, the lack of social media could bring physical communities closer since there isn’t the online option anymore.
We have a complicated relationship with social media, it has the potential to be both highly positive and very negative. In the global COVID-19 pandemic of 2020, social media became one of the only ways people could reach out to each other, during nationwide lockdowns. It brought comfort, connection, and entertainment during a difficult time. But at the same time, it also spread miscommunication about the virus.

Social Media is not disappearing any time soon, but it would be worthwhile for your mental health to consider how much time you spend on social platforms, then spend less, there is probably even an app for that.

NATURAL DISASTER!!!!…

We all have studied in our primary school that flood, earthquake, tsunami, volcano eruption, wildfire, drought etc. are natural disasters.
But in today’ time are these really just a natural disaster????? No in today’s time these have become MAN MADE DISASTERS ….yes, these disasters are happening in today’s time because of human’s mistakes ….just because human interrupts in process of NATURE….

Let’s talk about every topic one by one :

FLOOD – yes flood. As it is rainy season, we can clearly see in our surroundings that so many cities either it is metropolitan or not have filled by water… every street, every crossing is just totally filled up by water…why????…..does this rain take place for the first time in our life so that we couldn’t make any arrangements???……did this rain not occur in the old time?? ..…it occurred….. But in old time they had better arrangements than us ….
What we have done guys the first problem is population….since there are so many people and everyone will live in a home so what we did??? Just cut the trees and forests and made very big big buildings and had not made any drainage system for the water…
There is just a small amount of rain in any city and just look at it situation it become water water everywhere..
And now when the water enters in our home then we blame GOD for all this…Here is no fault of GOD…here is the fault of us THE HUMANS….
There is also another thing to be noticed that we have seen so many times that any animals like leopard, snakes usually come into our city or sometimes even in our streets … another example, we have seen that animals like rhino and elephants are walking on road why???….. Don’t they have their home (forests)??…. The answer is NO…We have occupied their home we have finished the forests and build our home …we have divested their home so where they will go that’s why they just come to cities….. Here is no fault of animals it was their home and we have divest it form them so fault is of us THE HUMANS….
EARTHQUAKE- There was a time when earth quake was a natural disaster but now it has also become man made disaster.

Some scientists have traced the increase in earthquakes, especially in areas not known for the presence of fault lines or past seismic activity, to human actions. That’s right. We humans are causing earthquakes more frequently than ever before. scientists have identified a variety of large-scale human activities that can trigger earthquakes.

Although natural earthquakes usually occur along fault lines, While many human-induced earthquakes are mild and don’t cause much damage, some of them can be serious and dangerous. In fact, scientists believe human activity has caused earthquakes with magnitudes as high as 7.9 on the Richter scale.
Scientists believe most human-induced earthquakes are the result of mining. As companies drill deeper and deeper below Earth’s surface to extract natural resources, holes left behind can cause instability that leads to collapses that trigger earthquakes.

Building large dams can also cause earthquakes. For example, approximately 80,000 people died in China in 2008 as a result of a 7.9-magnitude earthquake triggered by 320 million tons of water that had been collected in the Zipingpu Reservoir after a large dam was built over a known fault line.

Another human activity triggering earthquakes is hydraulic fracturing (known as “fracking”) for oil and gas, including the high pressure wastewater disposal that usually accompanies fracking. In this process, water, sand, and chemicals are pumped underground under high pressure to fracture rocks to release natural resources.

As those resources, such as oil and natural gas, make their way to the surface, so do the water and chemicals that were injected to begin the process. This wastewater is collected and often injected deep underground again to dispose of it. Both the fracking process and wastewater disposal have been shown to trigger earthquakes.
These aren’t the only human activities that can trigger earthquakes, though. Scientists point out that earthquakes can also be triggered by other human activities, such as construction of skyscrapers and nuclear explosions.

DROUGHT- Mr. Rajendra Singh, Chairman, Tarun Bharat Sanghsaw the current drought as, “A man made disaster.” He called for, “A community driven decentralized water policy as the only solution. Before offering solutions we first need to listen to the knowledge of the farmers who have dealt with drought.”

Mr. Richard Mahapatra, managing editor, of Down to Earth magazine claimed “There is no connection between monsoon and drought, the dire situation has been caused mismanagement of water.”

FOREST FIRE- The causes of forest fire have been increasing rapidly. The problem has been accentuated by the growing human and cattle population. People enter forests ever more frequently to graze cattle, collect fuel wood, timber and other minor forest produce. It has been estimated that 90% of forest fires in India are man-made
Fire is caused when a source of fire like naked flame, cigarette or bidi, electric spark or any source of ignition comes into contact with inflammable material.

Recent amazon rain forest’s fire , Australia ‘s forest fire there are so much examples of this…

So , we have seen that humans are continuously interrupting in nature but remember when nature will determined to learn us a lesson that day…that day no one will be able to ask any question no one will be able to say a single world because when nature got angry then there is no one on this earth who can save us…

THIS IS JUST A SIMPLE THING NATURE IS JUST LIKE OUR MOTHER CARE IT…RESPECT IT…THIS IS NATURE WHO PROVIDES US THE LAND ON WHICH WE CAN LIVE EASILY AND WHAT WE ARE GIVING IT IN RETURN… POLLUTED SOIL????….IT PROVIDE US WATER AND WHAT WE ARE GIVING IT IN RETURN… POLLUTED WATER???…..IT PROVIDES US GREENERY AND WHAT WE ARE GIVING IT IN RETURN…. DROUGHT??…WE ARE CUTTING TRESS????….
REMEMBER THIS EARTH IS THE HOME OF NATURE ….NATURE IS THE OWNER OF EARTH AND WE ALL ARE JUST GUEST…..TODAY WE ARE HERE …TOMORROW WE WILL NOT…. BUT THE NATURE WILL…
AS I SAID ABOVE WE ARE JUST GUEST WE SHOULD LEARN TO LIVE PEACEFULLY WITHOUT SPOILING THE NATURE’S HOME…..BECAUSE IF WE DO SOMETHING WRONG THEN NATURE WILL GET OUT US…….

Potential Appraisal

Each and every person has some or the other talent. Some talents and skills they know about that while some are not known. The talent which he or she may not know is known as hidden talents. As it is correctly said by Delue –

“We all have hidden talents waiting to be discovered.”

And identifying these talents is done by Potential Appraisal. Potential Appraisal is also known as Potential Evaluation. Potential Appraisal is a crucial function of Human Resource Management. It is used by many organisations. Before moving further first we should know that what is potential appraisal? Potential Appraisal is an appraisal process which helps in identification of the hidden talents or skills which is present within a person. The person might or might not be aware of them. Appraising the potential of a human resource in a scientific and systematic manner can help an organisation in enhancing their corporate performance. It can be also defined as a new system of developing employees for occupying higher position in an organisation is called potential appraisal. It is a future – oriented appraisal and its main objective is to identify and evaluate the potential or the hidden talent of an employee so that he can take the higher position and responsibilities in the organisational hierarchy. The time for a potential appraisal is not fixed. The assessment activity is done under the discretion of managers. There are many organisations who uses potential appraisal as a part of performance appraisal process but potential appraisal is different from performance appraisal. Actually potential refers to the skills and abilities which an employee possess but which are not currently brought into use by an organisation. As these are the skills which helps an employee to take higher challenges on job in future. And when these untapped and unutilized qualities are put to use they are definitely going to give fruitful results to the organisation. The attributes and qualities which are hidden might be in the form of analytical power, creative thinking, innovative ideas, ability to predict future condition and changes, proactive, problem-solving, decision-making, etc. So, we have to find all these hidden talents which are there in an employee and have to make optimum use of these so that the goals of both the parties can be achieved. The main purposes of Potential Appraisal are –

To make employees aware of their future prospects.
To provide training and development activity to your employees.
To provide career opportunities by advising them to work hard.
To draft a management succession programmes.

These are the purposes for which potential appraisal takes place. Potential Appraisal can be used in a number of human resource management functions like human resource planning, career and succession planning, promotion and transfer decision and for training and development. But the main use of potential appraisal are –

Employee Development – It is a powerful tool for developing our employees. Potential Appraisal also helps in developing the career of employees as it helps in identifying the hidden talent and skills of an employee. It helps the employee to know their certain competency which was earlier not known to them.
Motivates Employees – As the organisation helps them to identify the talent which was within them but was not known to them. This motivates employees as know they can further develop their skills and competencies.
Identifying Training Needs – Potential Appraisal helps the organisation to identify the training needs as such appraisal throws light on the hidden skills of employees and by providing them appropriate training program can help both organisation and employee to grow.
Assistance to Organisation – It provides assistance to the organisation as now the duties and responsibilities can be provided to the potential employees and can ensure continuous growth of the organisation.
Assessing the Individual – Potential Appraisal helps us to assess an individual that how much level of work an employee can handle comfortably and successfully.

As we know, appraisal system varies from organisation – to – organisation. But according to me potential appraisal should be followed by each and every organisation as it will help in building a strong relationship between the employee and the organisation.

U.S. Cutting Ties With WHO Is A Misstep That May Cause Severe Repercussions

U.S. President Donald Trump announced on May 19 that U.S. would be halting it’s funding of the World Health Organization and pull out of the agency, accusing it of protecting China as the coronavirus pandemic took off. The move has alarmed health experts, who say the decision will undermine efforts to improve the health of people around the world.

It was a knee-jerk response and an overreaction to a legitimate concern. Yes, the WHO has problems and has been too lenient on China recently. Does that mean every other country should pull the plug and ignore its other achievements, without attempting diplomatic reform? It’s hypocritical for the US to pull out of an international organisation because another country has too much sway within it. How would they react if, say, the UK pulled out of the IMF and World Bank because it has too much American influence? Terrible for the international reputation of the U.S.A. It will further harm the world’s ability to detect and react to this and future pandemics. And there will be future pandemics. If the U.S.A. was/is depending on the WHO for it’s intelligence gathering, the U.S.A. has bigger problems than COVID-19. It will provide Trump’s base with a bone to chew on and provide them the simple answer to a very complex question that they so crave.

Critics have condemned this move and called out the President for playing the ‘blame game’. Trump has shown his incompetence with dealing with the Covid-19. What’s worse he even screwed the ability of a country that has been well known to be the leading force of healthcare. Meanwhile, China, a country who is still stereotyped as filthy people and Sickman, is recovering from the Covid-19. Long gone are those Americans who jeered at China and boasted that their CDC can handle the Covid-19 easily. Who’s to blame? If we look at the facts, Trump is definitely blamed for all this mess. His unwillingness to listen to CDC or even his white house health advisors to take the matter seriously because he doesn’t want a lockdown like China has resulted in the death of more than 142,000 Americans as of the time of my writing.

The growing reports of deaths began make the President realize that his administration was seriously failing in its response to the corona virus. He responded in two ways. He suddenly made it clear to the States that they were responsible for providing all the necessary protective wares and ventilators as well as all testing for the virus and that the failures were there’s not his. Next, he forcefully (and quite unfairly) condemned the work that China and the WHO had undertaken to react to the virus thus showing that he knew better than anybody what was best for everyone and that he was still a brilliant genius. So, fundamentally this is why President Trump decided to halt funding to the WHO. An activity that, it is certain, a majority of its 193 other member countries of the WHO will condemn as many of the larger countries have done already. No-one cuts funding in the middle of this kind of disastrous international epidemic. If one feels disturbed about any other country or organization involved in it one waits until the epidemic is over and then everyone gets together and analyses what worked well and what did not, then sit together to make sure the next time this happens the world is better prepared. Regrettably the USA seems to think that it can handle world matters unilaterally. As this is absolutely impossible for any country the result can only end up with some real disappointments for everyone including the USA, now the country with the largest mortality than any other as a result of poor corona virus policies and management.

Not anyone in the world, not even Trump himself, will benefit from Trump’s suspension of the US’s financing of WHO. Especially at times like these when WHO’s role in coordinating the worldwide response to pandemic is critical. We can be sure that WHO will not be distracted and will carry on its important job albeit maybe in a little less effective way as compared to when they did have the rightly anticipated financing from the US. The only thing this Trump’s move will achieve is that the rest of the world will finally and eventually give up on America to do the right thing and will try to distance themselves away from the US.

Students’ Engagement with Politics

The average Indian student’s encounters with the word ‘politics’ is often colored with negative experiences and connotations. When one talks of politics at the workplace or at the church, it is always used in a manner that signifies that something is wrong there – there is a moral implication in these ideas. Many use the word itself as referring to something which is the domain of a certain few who are power-hungry and seek to control. This is because their definition of what is political is extremely limited and their experience of the world has been limited to certain spaces that they inhabit. Many do not see their duty as a citizen of a democratic country to include anything but going to the voting booth whenever elections come along. Many also do not know whom to vote for or what they stand for, so they are easily persuaded by campaigners, many are promised material benefits, many others go with what their family or friends say, and still others for whoever appears to match their personal tastes. With India being the largest democracy in the world and yet finding itself the hub of many communal riots and systemic shutting down of voices, it is time we start asking what our role is in a political system.

The student is considered the future of the country. She is the one who is going to inhabit the world that is currently being built and who will go on to shape and change the world as she moves into the public arena. In this context, it is absolutely vital that she be able to understand what the system that governs her stands for and how it functions. A general understanding of political systems of governance, ‘political literacy’ itself is one of the most essential qualities that an individual should possess. This also makes the person aware of the challenges that are facing their society, the issues that other sections of the society are fighting against, and also nurtures a sense of responsibility. It will aid in creating a bent towards social action and for standing for what is right.

It is in recognition of the potential that resides in young minds and their part in creating the future that many fundamental aspects of the government are included in school curriculums for all students and not just those going onto study political science or sociology. This is also why the government’s move to remove many-core passages from CBSE textbooks which talk of these very things is looked upon with apprehension. This is also why political parties are allowed to exist on many college campuses, although this is becoming rarer now. It is in these formative years that a student’s capacity to think is shaped by what he reads and sees, and his perception of the world expanded. While many college politics stories turn violent, the solution is not to curb all activism but to instill principles that will guide students as they make decisions and decide what is worth standing for. The idea that machoism and calling for blood is the epitome of political interaction has to be dismantled and replaced by consistent engagement and listening. There should be dignity and freedom of making choices that are based on strong moral principles, and spaces of dialogue created. The youth will not disappoint if they are given the tools they need to navigate these discussions, and they are standing up for causes as is evident from the number of student-led protests that happened in our country in the past one year. Students are to be exposed to arenas of political interaction and allowed to participate so that they can develop their own ways of seeing and thinking, as well as ensure that the country is in safe hands.

Employee Engagement

Hey Readers. Let’s talk about employee engagement.

In simple words, how much a person is involved with their organization and its values is “employee engagement”. Employee Engagement is a measurable degree of an employee’s positive or negative emotional attachment to their job, colleagues and organization which profoundly influences their willingness to learn & perform at work. An “engaged employee” is one who is fully involved in, and enthusiastic about, his or her work and thus will act in a way that furthers their organization’s interests.

What Is Employee Engagement? Definition, Measurement, Drivers, and ...

The Four Levels of Employee Engagement:

Engaged and Committed: These include those employees who are actively involved in the processes and are emotionally attached to their organization. They consider the organizational goals as their own and keenly work according to that.
Engaged but not committed: These include employees who are engaged in their work but are not committed to the organization and vice versa. They are motivated but not that much is visible in their performance. This can be due to internal conflicts, bad reputation etc.
Neither engaged, nor committed: They are neither engaged to their work nor committed to the organization.
Actively Disengaged: These are the employees are that not at all good for any organization. These people are not interested in their own job and don’t feel any attachment but the worst part is that they won’t let others do the work. They hamper the productivity of high performing employees.

Benefits of Employee Engagement:

Increased productivity
Customer Satisfaction
Better communication
Great Commitment
Efficient Team Working
Higher Retention

Key Drivers of Employee Engagement:

Decentralized power structure:
One of the main drivers of employee engagement is a decentralized power structure. When you pass on some executive powers to your high performing employees they feel obliged. It fills them with a sense of responsibility and makes them accountable. This way it also becomes easy for them to apply new innovative ideas.
Freedom of opinions:
Employees who feel free to share their opinions and ideas are more productive. You should encourage your employees to express their views more often. Also, conducting regular one on one meetings with your workers is a great way to hear them out.
Acknowledging employees:
They feel a sense of gratification knowing their work has been beneficial. Therefore, a manager and other heads should make it a point to appreciate the employees and their efforts. It gives them a sense of belonging and they feel worthy about their work. So, no matter the amount of contribution, it is very importay to recognize and appreciate employees.
Growth and development:
An employee aspires to learn and grow at his or her workplace. It is a quintessential element that every job seeker looks forward to while joining an organization. But failing to provide the scope for growth and development leads to dissatisfaction.

Employee Engagement is an important process and managers as well as employees should consistently take part in it. They must work together and appreciate each other work for increasing overall productivity of any organization.

(Source: https://blog.vantagecircle.com/employee-engagement/)

HOW LAW HAS AN IMPACT IN YOUR LIFE

The most well-known manner by which individuals portrayed their noteworthy common equity issues is that it’s either misfortune or God’s will for them. … In the event that I think something has simply transpired in my life due to powers beyond my ability to do anything about, I’m most likely not going to go down to the nearby legitimate office and request lawful assistance with an issue that I don’t comprehend is lawful.

Everything to lay it out simply, the law is the thing that keeps a great deal of things running easily and precise. Without law there would be a ton of mayhem. We people can be very awful animals to one another, envision there wasn’t a law set up to oppress murderers,i can wager you there would be much more deaths, on the other hand , Stealing wasn’t a wrongdoing, admirably I’ll let you picture that in your mind. Laws are what guard you, they influence your life in a bigger number of ways than you can even think.

Satisfaction and the law appear to be random, isn’t that right? The law harshly disallows individuals from getting things done and afterward backs up its principles with alarming disciplines. Be that as it may, envision what life would resemble if there were no law. Being burglarized or assaulted could turn into a typical event, and the greater part of the advantages of society we as a whole underestimate would not, at this point be conceivable. At the point when you consider it, the general purpose of having law is to improve our lives.

Great laws assist individuals with carrying on with more joyful lives. So if a nation needs to make great laws, it ought to realize what satisfies individuals. Furthermore, luckily, there’s been an ongoing blast of examination into bliss. In what capacity would that be able to investigate be utilized to improve laws?

Some people are affected more and others less. However, the law and government do affect us all in some common ways. Most importantly, the law and government affect us by allowing us to live in a society where we are not related to most other people and we generally do not even know who they are. Most definitely the so-called “civil law” or, depending on you location, the “common law”. The “law” is a set of rules designed to regulate relations (a) between humans and (b) between humans and objects. What exactly those rules are, and how they operate, varies. Typically, when people think of the “law”, they think of circumstances when the “law” becomes visible, i.e. in exceptional circumstances that are potentially life-changing, i.e. criminal law,or when the state makes it’s presence known, by demanding you pay taxes. However, daily life is usually regulated by a much larger degree by the so-called “zivilrecht”, for lack of a better word, a “law of interpersonal relationships”. You get up in the morning, out of bed? Chances are you bought that bed someplace, so the law of contracts, which governs sales, has something to do with it. The bed is standing in a flat or house, which is either rented → law on lease agreements, or owned → property law. You take a shower → you have a service agreement with your utilities provider, who ensures that there is water in the pipe leading to your domicile. You get dressed → law of contracts concerning how you bought the clothes you wear, → property law concerning you’re allowed to do with them as you please.

You leave house and walk down the street → traffic laws are designed dot make that a safe and convenient experience: and enter a coffee shop. There, you buy a cup of coffee, a bagel, and an newspaper for your breakfast → depending on where in the world you are, you just entered into, and executed, anything between one and nine contracts governing the passage of ownership of coffee, bagel and newspaper to you, reciprocal obligations (“stuff” for “money) concerning the quality, payment of the items you purchased, and them now “belonging” to you, and not to the coffee shop, any more.

If the coffee shop is part of a chain, chances are you will not be contracting with the guy behind the counter, but with a company (f.e, Starbucks?), so laws on representation and agency also apply. In 90% of the cases, if your coffee is cold, you will complain to whoever sold you your coffee if the coffee is too cold → Implied terms, coffee is suitable for human consumption and of a “typically to be expected” quality and temperature.

All of this happens more or less “in plain sight”, but out of mind. It is supposed to happen that way. The law is there, more or less invisible to non-lawyers, but it only becomes visible when things go wrong. y Our everyday lives are typically enmeshed by legal rules, most of them concerning “commercial” transactions in the widest sense. That is the area of law that most of us will find prevalent in our everyday lives. Everything else, Taxes, criminal law, etc., is not nearly as prevalent.

BY GOVIND SAGAR

Turning Point!

Everyone has face situations in their life which they never expected in their path. People have their own hurdles and obstacles to elucidate with. Every person has made certain goals in their life and working towards it so that they can accomplish it. But in the journey of accomplishment one has to face many hitches in which many of them would give up, some of them will get bored of it, some of them will change the goal itself as they find too many hurdles to cross. In all of them there would be some exceptions too. Some of them will wait for a turning point or I would say a kick to continue the run to reach the finishing line.

Turning point in life can be good or bad but it will teach you a life lesson which will be with you throughout your life. There was a simple girl who loves her family distributing her time equally for sports and studies. She was a National Volley Ball player. She was living her life happily but one incident changed her life. She met with an accident where two chain snatcher tried to snatch her chain when she was in train as she was a sports player giving up was not an option for her she tried hard to push the snatchers but life as other plans for her the snatchers pull her out and thrown her out of the train it doesn’t stop here she hit hard herself from another train coming from the tracks parallel to the first. She fall down between the tracks, no one noticed her. She was not conscious, she knows her life was not same now it was fallen apart her both legs was bleeding she saw her one leg was broken into pieces and other was not at all visible. 48 trains passed by but none of them noticed her she got companions that was rats. Now this was her turning point. Life throw us with situations which we had not expected in our nightmares. But now this is reality she is handicapped. The village people carried her in the nearby hospital, afterwards it was revealed she was a National Volley Ball player then she was shifted to AIIMS Delhi. She was bed ridden, with three spine fractures, one leg was artificial and in other leg a rod was inserted. On that hospital bed she decided to become mountaineer and she also decided to climb Mount Everest. This was shocking, surprising for everyone whoever hears it. No one encourages her for the goal she had in her mind but, she was firm with her goal she just aim herself on top of the Mount Everest. She knows it already it will be a journey where her life was on stake. She is not normal now she doesn’t fit the ideology of normal as per the society. Easy things like climbing, walking will be not easier for her the thing she left with was her will to not give up at any cost. The young girl just wanted to show the world if anybody wants to conquer the world luck is not an essential thing it’s the will, if we have a will the luck will also play its role and the way will be easy to locate and to conquer. Days of training, finding sponsorship, dealing with the society is not that simple as it seems but she survived it all.

Climbing the highest peak of world is visibly not everyone’s cup of tea. She managed to reach the peak of the Mount Everest with minimum oxygen level. When she started the descending journey from the mountains her oxygen was zero and she fell down but as I said if we have a will all the other things will find its way to reach you that’s what happened in this young girl’s story. A British mountaineer on his way down run out to help her, he had two oxygen cylinder with him. This saved the young girl’s life. That how she completed her journey with an artificial leg and other one with rod inserted. She was none other than Mrs. Arunima Sinha she reached the summit of the Mount Everest as on 21^st May 2013.

Life give us turning point when we least expect it coming this hard in our path. But if we use this turning point wisely with all our hearts and brains then it will never disappoint us with the results.

“When Life throw lemons on us we should catch them, squeeze them, crush them, add salt, add mint, add soda, and water your lemonade is ready. Complaining about the sour taste of lemon will let you reach nowhere so its better you make your drink in your own way.”

child marriage

The highest number of cases were registered in Tamil Nadu (55), followed by Karnataka at 51. Other states witnessing high number of cases of child marriages were West Bengal (41), Assam (23), Telangana (19), Andhra Pradesh (19), Maharashtra (16), Haryana (14), Gujarat (12). Even Puducherry, which had zero reports of child marriage cases in 2014 and 2015 registered 5 in 2016.

Many brides find themselves alone after getting married. There’s no work to be found in the small villages, so young men often seek their fortune across the giant country. Their wives move in with the in-laws and the newlyweds stay in touch via phone.

“What do you expect a kid who’s 15 to understand about marriage or relationships or managing a house?” asks Khandelwal. “They’re not educated, and that trickles down to their own kids. They already don’t have money, and they’re already too young to have kids. It’s a vicious cycle. Will they ever be able to come out of this?”

After two and a half years spent photographing the child brides of Shravasti, Khandelwal sees signs of young girls forced into marriage across the country, even in the metropolis of New Delhi. She plans to turn her camera’s lens on these communities to show how the practice may be illegal and declining, but in India it’s still flourishing on the sidelines.

she expected tradition and patriarchy to dominate each family’s decision to marry off their daughters. What she found was a practice also rooted in poverty, a lack of education, and the volatility of life.

The interplay of many social, economic and religious factors is responsible for child marriage. Many prefer child or early marriage so that the couple bears the highest number of children possible. In communities with poor law and order enforcement, girl child marriage is seen as a solution to protect the ‘honour’ of the girl child, and as a form of ‘protection’ against rape and kidnapping. So entrenched these customs have become that they continue even after the recent improvement of law and order. This can end faulty belief systems, like early marriage and sex-selective abortion. As per the World Bank, educated, healthy women can “engage in productive activities, find formal sector.

Social Media and Its Impacts

It is not too much of an exaggeration to say that the internet has become an intrinsic part of our daily existence. We turn to the world wide web for answers to all our questions and to access the materials we need. A huge amount of the time we spent in the virtual world is spent on social media platforms. Social media has become a phenomenon of its own, becoming the axis around which many debates, discussions, and even trade occur. New trends are set, news is shared, opinions are written, art is created, and community is built. The number of people using social media has risen steadily over the years and almost half of the entire globe is now virtually present on some platform or the other.

Social media has many benefits and has made our lives richer in many ways. Here are some of them:

We have increased awareness of social issues and access to much material to educate ourselves.
It has enabled us to connect across distances and remain in touch.
It has made global communities of like-minded people possible, and much creative and collaborative work done.
It has widened our perspectives and increased our reach.
The entertainment industry greatly relies on social media for promotion as well as for profit.
It allows for the propagation of ideas, ideologies, and support for those who might be struggling.

facebook application icon — Photo by Pixabay on Pexels.com

While these are all great things in themselves, it is no secret that social media has also become a cesspool of anger and narcissism. It has made people more disconnected from their immediate spaces and the challenges they face there. Despite the increased connectivity that we have with the world, social media has not helped with loneliness. Rather, it seems to have made the problem worse with the internet being considered one of the loneliest places in the world. Here are some other problems that social media has brought around:

Creates a sense of invincibility giving rise to the keyboard warrior culture, where one is extremely bold and loud but only under anonymity and on a screen.
Increased sense of isolation; does not aid in mental health issues and depression.
Many create false identities by their interactions and project these onto the people around them, even deluding themselves. This causes them to be unable to love who they are once they have to deal with their weaknesses and flaws in real life leading to numerous self-hate and self-perception issues.
Social media has not made us more empathetic as some would like to believe but rather has fostered reactionary comments, one-liner retorts designed to hurt, and increased intolerance. Conversational skills and capacity to understand another that comes with extended engagement deteriorates.
It has severe effects on our mental faculties, clarity of thought, time-span of attention, time spent with oneself and one’s thoughts, and ability to engage on the ground with those who may oppose us.
Encourages a culture of instant gratification where one’s image and identity are built around likes and shares, and where one seeks immediate results. Continued work and perseverance for a cause become boring and illogical when momentary satisfaction is available through virtual means.

It is time for us to truly consider what social media has done for us and how much of it is good. It is becoming increasingly clear that when given a free rein, it can cause an amount of harm that outweighs any good it might do in any way. It is the knowledge of the effects that addiction to a virtual world causes that lead to many wealthy and brilliant men like Steve Jobs putting strict limits on the time his children spend online. With so much of our everyday lives moving online with the pandemic, it is impossible to completely keep away from all online platforms. Yet it is the need of the hour that we find alternate unplugged means of balancing our mental and physical health. Moving away and “detoxing” from social media has become necessary if we are not to lose our grip in life and our ability to have meaningful conversations and relationships in reality.

Creativity is Imagination with Responsibility

Human creativity is what drives us forward as a species. It is this unique ability to harness our thoughts and ideas that has been responsible for some of the world’s greatest inventions, from the wheel to the microprocessor.

Despite our incredible capacity for creativity and imagination, many of us actually understand very little about the creative process.

“Creativity involves breaking out of established patterns in order to look at things in a different way.”–. Edward de Bono

The very phrase “creative thinking” gives rise to associations connected with something mysterious and new. How can we define creative thinking? How to improve and develop creative thinking skills? This kind of mental activity is associated with a special brain function – imagination.

Imagination is not part of any of the mental functions (memory, perception, attention). It unites them and becomes a transitional form between all structures of holistic intelligence. What is actually the definition of imagination? What techniques and exercises can we use to develop it? And what benefits can we get?

Generating reality in images is the physical ability of the human brain only. Its peculiarities are that it has a connection with organic, semantic and mental components of thinking and unites them. It is still unknown where the neural structures of the brain responsible for its appearance are located. Therefore, in general, the word “imagination” justifies its mystery and phenomenality, it is the essence of the creative principle. With its help, artistic and cultural masterpieces are created: literature, painting, sculpture. All these achievements are realized by mankind due to this phenomenon.

In the imagination there are hidden opportunities that create unlimited the processes of knowledge in our world. The reflection of reality in the mind with the help of imagination is essential both for the intelligence and for the psyche:

a person with the help of imagination plans his further actions and can mentally imagine his behavior, think over the preliminary result of his actions;
due to imagination, a person can be transported in time – into the past or the future, randomly evoke long-gone events from memory, relive these feelings, extracting material for creativity from them.
in the imagination tasks are solved when the immediate real action in practice is unavailable or is not completely clear; with its help the missing details of the information ca be refined

“Creativity” is not the miraculous road to business growth and affluence that is so abundantly claimed these days. And for the line manager, particularly, it may be more of a millstone than a milestone. Those who extol the liberating virtues of corporate creativity over the somnambulistic vices of corporate conformity may actually be giving advice that in the end will reduce the creative animation of business. This is because they tend to confuse the getting of ideas with their implementation—that is, confuse creativity in the abstract with practical innovation; not understand the operating executive’s day-to-day problems; and underestimate the intricate complexity of business organizations.

The trouble with much of the advice business is getting today about the need to be more vigorously creative is, essentially, that its advocates have generally failed to distinguish between the relatively easy process of being creative in the abstract and the infinitely more difficult process of being innovationist in the concrete. Indeed, they misdefine “creativity” itself. Too often, for them, “creativity” means having great, original ideas. Their emphasis is almost all on the thoughts themselves. Moreover, the ideas are often judged more by their novelty than by their potential usefulness, either to consumers or to the company. In this article, I shall show that in most cases, having a new idea can be “creative” in the abstract but destructive in actual operation, and that often instead of helping a company, it will even hinder it.

Suppose you know two artists. One tells you an idea for a great painting, but he does not paint it. The other has the same idea and paints it. You could easily say the second man is a great creative artist. But could you say the same thing of the first man? Obviously not. He is a talker, not a painter.

That is precisely the problem with so much of today’s pithy praise of creativity in business—with the unending flow of speeches, books, articles, and “creativity workshops” whose purpose is to produce more imaginative and creative managers and companies. My observations of these activities over a number of years lead me firmly to this conclusion. They mistake an idea for a great painting with the great painting itself. They mistake brilliant talk for constructive action.

But, as anybody who knows anything about any organization knows only too well, it is hard enough to get things done at all, let alone to introduce a new way of doing things, no matter how good it may seem. A powerful new idea can kick around unused in a company for years, not because its merits are not recognized but because nobody has assumed the responsibility for converting it from words into action. What is often lacking is not creativity in the idea-creating sense but innovation in the action-producing sense, i.e., putting ideas to work.

Techniques and Applications of AI

Intelligence requires knowledge. Intelligence is the ability to store , retrieve and act on data – efficiently and effectively. Knowledge is a collection of ‘facts’. To manipulate these facts by a program, a suitable representation is required. A good representation facilitates problem solving. Artificial Intelligence enable computers to recognize the knowledge , reason ( questioning it to find out the logic) and act upon it. It is quite difficult to define the characteristics of Knowledge correctly. It differs from data by being organized in a way that corresponds to its application.

Learning is not very different from perception, they both find out about the world based on experience. Perception is the short time scale (where am I?) .Learning is the long time scale (what’s the coefficient of friction?).An AI technique is a method that exploits knowledge and captures generalizations that share properties, are grouped together, rather than being allowed separate representation.AI Techniques tell us how we represent, manipulate and reason with knowledge in order to solve problems. Some of these techniques employ an agent whose job is to use sequences of percepts to estimate the missing details in the world of dynamics.

Different techniques in AI are as follows :

Branch and Bound :

Here, the domain is classified into sections. Knowledge is stored in decision trees . Tree of decisions is formed ( conditions with “yes” or “no” branches). It is a semi-transparent technique. With large problems , it becomes difficult for human interpretation.

Application : Insurance fraud detection & Credit assessment of the loan application for processing bank loans.

Guided search :

It is mainly used in the Optimisation (maximization) problems . Here, the domain is described by a function and optimisation techniques do not actually produce only local optima.This does not search previously visited point. Therefore , it will not become stuck or get into a loop forever.

Application :Finding the optimal solution with maximum weight , Machine learning applications.

Heuristic search :

A heuristic is a way of trying to discover an idea. Heuristics are rules of thumb and they do not guarantee a solution to a problem. Heuristic functions are used in some approaches to search or to measure how far a node in a search tree seems to be from a goal. Heuristic technique compares two nodes in a search tree to see if one is better than the other, i.e. constitutes an advance toward the goal, and may be more useful. These algorithms appear to be really intelligent because they perform better. Heuristic algorithms are more efficient because they take advantage of feedback from the data to direct the search path. This search technique is a weak one but can be effective if applied correctly and it requires domain specific information. Heuristics are knowledge about domain, which help search and reasoning in its domain. Heuristic is a function that, when applied to a state, returns value as estimated merit of state, with respect to goal. Heuristic evaluation function estimates likelihood of given state leading to goal state. Heuristic search function estimates cost from current state to goal, presuming function is efficient.

Inference Engine : This technique uses efficient procedures and rules . It is essential in deducting a correct, flawless solution. In case of knowledge-based ES, the Inference Engine acquires and manipulates the knowledge from the knowledge base to arrive at a particular solution. In case of rule based ES, it − Applies rules repeatedly to the facts, which are obtained from earlier rule application. Adds new knowledge into the knowledge base if required. Resolves rules conflict when multiple rules are applicable to a particular case. To recommend a solution, the Inference Engine uses the following strategies − Forward & Backward Chaining.

Forward Chaining – It is a strategy of an expert system to answer the question, “What can happen next?” Here, the Inference Engine follows the chain of conditions and derivations and finally deduces the outcome. It considers all the facts and rules, and sorts them before concluding to a solution. This strategy is followed for working on conclusion, result, or effect. For example, prediction of share market status as an effect of changes in interest rates.

Backward Chaining -With this strategy, an expert system finds out the answer to the question, “Why this happened?” On the basis of what has already happened, the Inference Engine tries to find out which conditions could have happened in the past for this result. This strategy is followed for finding out cause or reason. For example, diagnosis of blood cancer in humans.

Genetic programming : Genetic programming is an automated method for creating a working computer program from a high-level problem statement of a problem. Genetic programming starts from a high-level statement of ‘what needs to be done’ and automatically creates a computer program to solve the problem. Supervised learning is the machine learning task of inferring a function from labeled training data. In supervised learning, each example is a pair consisting of an input object (typically a vector) and the desired output value (also called the supervisory signal ).

Neural Networks – Backward Propagation :

Neural Networks model a brain. Nodes represent neurons .They are linked to other nodes via connections ( representing synapses). Nodes send messages to their output when a threshold from their inputs has been reached. Neural networks typically take a vector of input values and produce a vector of output values. Inside, they train weights of “neurons”. Neural networks use supervised learning, in which inputs and outputs are known and the goal is to build a representation of a function that will approximate the input to output mapping.

This approach is learning by example―given a set of right answers, it learns the general patterns. Reinforcement Learning learns by experience―given some set of actions and an eventual reward or punishment, it learns which actions are good or bad.It is a “Black Box” technique.

Applications : Modelling of industrial systems , Speech recognition programs.

Expert systems :

It is a transparent technique.It becomes difficult for human interpretation with very large problems – above 1000 rules, the logic chain becomes huge.

Applications : Process monitoring and control in medical fields , chemical industries etc.

Summing up….

An AI technique is a method that exploits knowledge and captures generalizations that share properties and can be grouped together. AI Techniques tell us how we represent, manipulate and reason with knowledge in order to solve problems.These techniques have practical applications in almost every field. It forms the basic foundation of the new revolutionizing technology – Intelligent connectivity.

Kindly check the following link to explore further about the topics :

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence#Tools

Quality v/s Quantity

There is always a big debate going on that what is good QUALITY OR QUANTITY …..Some said that if you have a thing in more quantity then you will win but some said that if you have quality in your work then you will win…… we should listen to whom?????
Actually it depends on situation which is in front of us ….it depends on which topic we are talking about…
So there are some fields in which this confusion has created …these are listed below…..after reading this I hope this confusion just get sort out..

Student life – This dispute always create a confusion specially for students because they are just new comers in the world’s competitive world….
At student life we all thought if we write so many pages or the full answer copy then we will get more marks, this situation comes specially in board exams and in college exams… they thought so, because maybe they have seen someone who is doing the same and getting the good results … here can be fault of those teachers who check the copy by counting that how many pages a student have filled….
The students thought so…because there is no one to tell them about this topic…. there is no one who can make understand them that quality matters most.

As they are the new comers and they were at the age where many people get distracted easily ….so they do so…they just flow with everyone….
In this field quality and quantity both matters here quantity doesn’t mean that you are writing a answer which is full of rubbish matter …your content should related to the question.. you should always write quality content…

Politics – In politics quantity is more important ..the more supporters a party have the more powerful the party will be..
In politics majority matters a lot….

3. Food – we all want food but in quantity???…. the answer is NO… we want food but quality food we make efforts in our whole life just to get quality food , quality life….
In food quality matters.. just think if you have a lot of food but it is rotten then still will you prefer to eat it ???….NO Na ….

4. Business – In business suppose that you are the owner of that, then now think if you have 100 employee but only 50 of them are qualitative , only they are giving best output and other 50 are just increasing the rush…..and for the business it is waste of money by providing them salary….
In business quality matters most…. because if the owner has qualitative workers then the business will grow up…..

5. Children– As we see that in old time a family used to have so many children…they didn’t think that they should focus on quality if they give birth to even a single child and give them the education of values , ethics and make him/her worth to the family, to the society, to the world then it will be more beneficial to all for them as well as the world…..so here quality matters…

6. Social connectivity- In today’s era everyone has social media accounts and have so many friends on it either it is Facebook / Instagram/ twitter and so on…..but a person is all alone in the real world ….now suppose that you have a long friend list in real life but if you can’t trust them and none of them helps you in your tough time then this all long friend list is just waste…..so here also quality matters….

So above are the fields… and here so many field can occur….there is no end of this list …

CONCLUSION OF THIS DISCUSSION IS THAT IT ONLY DEPENDS ON SITUATION OR ON FIELD ….OF WHICH WE ARE TALKING ABOUT …IN SOME FIELDS WE NEED QUANTITY AND SIMILARLY IN SOME FIELDS WE NEED QUALITY….
IT ONLY DEPENDS ON US THAT WHAT WE CHOOSE….SO CHOOSE WISELY….

Dreams

We all have this one thought when we wake up from our sleep. “Whoa.. What a crazy dream.” But then immediately the next moment you try to remember it and think, “What dream?!”

Yes, most of us have been there. So today, let’s talk about these dreams that we have.

Lucid dreaming is quite uncommon. Lucid dreaming is a state where the person is aware that they are dreaming and can even control their dreams. It’s a common phenomenon that we often hear of. But not many people can actually do it. A research suggests that only about 20% of the total population can actually lucid dream.

Dreaming is very important for our health. Through researches it has been found that dreaming is really important for us. We are aware that constant lack of sleep eventually leads to health problems. If we don’t get enough sleep for a long time we may start hallucinating and our concentration power decreases in general. It can also lead to Alzheimer, heart disease, and obesity. Apart from lack of sleep, lack of dreams is also partly responsible for these health hazards. Actually when we are in REM cycle of dreaming it helps us restore our brain and allows us to subconsciously process things.

Dream journals improve how well we remember our dreams. This one is for those who want to be able to remember the dreams that they have when they sleep. It is said that about 95% of all our dreams are quickly forgotten as we wake up. However it is possible that with some skill we can recall our dreams without thinking about it too much. And this skill can be improved through jotting down every detail that we can remember from our dream in a journal. Practicing this on a daily basis can help us remember our dreams in bigger chunks everytime we do it. We just have to be consistent with this one habit.

Dreams become more complex as the night goes on. People who can already remember their dreams might have noticed that as the night grows their dreams become more complex and bizarre. They even become more vivid and emotional. This is likely attributed to the fact that the longer we sleep the deeper sleep we achieve. This allows us to process things work through fears and reorganize memories more intensely.

Not everyone can dream. People who have suffered a traumatic brain injury may find that they no longer can dream. This probably happens because of damage caused on the part of brain that involved emotion, memory and imagination.

We have multiple dreams a night. We usually dream about 4-6 times every night. The time can range from a minute to twenty minutes each. This possible because of the fact that sleep happens in cycles. People usually get to REM sleep, which is required for dreams to haopen about 4-6 times a night. So in an eight-hour sleep period a person might spend two of them dreaming.

So, today when you go to sleep that even though your body will be at rest, your brain won’t! Happy dreaming!

Management Development

“Of course education becomes very very important and that’s for our human resource development.”
– By Abdullah Ahmad Badawi

Today’s scenario is characterised by constant change and dynamism especially in businesses. So, inorder to face this dynamic environment it is very important to change or upgrade yourself according to the need and requirements. Earlier training programmes where conducted in the organisation in order to improve the performance of the employee in a particular job. But now organisations have become more human resource oriented as we know that it is one who plays the main and dominant role in helping the organisation to reach the top and stand apart in the crowd. With the passage of time the role of the managers and executives are becoming complex now it is not as easy as it was earlier. As we know success and growth of an organisation largely depends upon the calibre, capabilities and performance of its managers or executives. So, a manager is the dynamic life-giving element in any organisation. Hence, it becomes important for managers to educate and update themselves regularly about the changes in the management practices. So, it can be said that due to the changes and complexities a new word came into existence and it is Management Development.

Management Development can be defined as a process of utilising a systematic procedure of training by which managerial personnel gain conceptual and theoretical knowledge which he can use to manage the work in their organisation effectively and efficiently. Management Development is a long-term educational process. It involves broader education and its main purpose is long-term development. Management Development is a continuous process as our environment changes continuously so the managers also have to update their knowledge and skills accordingly. As there is always a gap between actual and potential performance. So management development helps in filling these gaps. Management Development programme helps in bridging the gap between the two. This helps in enriching the functional capacity of executives and managers by continuously updating their knowledge and skills through management development programmes. As we know human behaviour is dynamic and it changes from time to time. So in order to ensure better interpersonal skills some properly designed management development programmes should be conducted for attaining managerial success. Management development programmes helps in improving the deficiency of managers and the organisation can derive immediate benefits from these programmes. Management development programmes can be designed by taking into consideration some issues like employee motivation, pattern of conflict, etc as these are the reasons why they cannot show their full potential. And if they receive some quality programmes on these topics this will really help them alot. It also facilitates self-development of managers, as with the help of this programme they can learn new things. The need for management development arises due to the following reasons –

Complexity of Jobs – As the current scenario is changing and becoming complicated and more challenging. So in order to cope up this situation the managers and executives need varied skills and proper training to deal with this problem. And this is possible only through management development programmes.
Lack of Trained Managers – As we know precious things take time to come infront of us, same goes with employees and managers too. Talented and matured managers and executives are not easily available. We have to find the calibre and talent which is within them and this we have to find out by providing management development.
Changes in Technology – As we know rapid changes are taking place in the business world. And to cope up with the change is the main problem. So for this proper training and exposure in computer application and information technology should be provided.
Obsolescence – Executive obsolescence occurs due to mental and ageing process. So this can be corrected by offering them some opportunities of self-development and it must continue throughout the career of an executive.

So lastly always provide some or the other opportunities to your managers, executives and employees so that they feel connected with your organisation and can work hard to achieve organisational and individual goals.

Hail Zidane

Zinedine Zidane- A man of inspiration for the upcoming generations. each and every football lover should know his story really well. Zidane can be defined as the Come back king, a True Coach and a perfect man. Probably one of the greatest player of his era. Zidane’s story is an inspirational theory of exactly how sportsman shall be. His victory of La Liga 2019-2020 is very raw and particularly relevant these days, after defeating the arch rival Barcelona indirectly. He never failed to shine in the role of a complete sportsman. Not only just as a player but his hunger for recognition as a coach is commendable. He proved to entire world that a greatest player can be a greatest coach too. To start the story with, Zidane was born on 23rd June 1972. He got his inspiration from the Argentine sportsman Diego Maradona whose techniques “were on another level” for him. Lovingly known as Zizou, he was a French Soccer player who mainly performed as an attacking midfielder. He was an asset for his team, often served as the backbone and has contributed a lot for the enhancement of the football fraternity. Zidane debuted professionally and scored his first goal for Cannes against Nantes. He was devoted to his national team of France where he received a lot of respect. His contribution in Euro Cup 2000, was unforgettable and he also was claimed as the Player of Tournament. He also had a great contribution for FiFA World Cup 2002,2006 and Euro 2004. He was also rewarded as the FIFA World player 1998, 2000 and 2003 also Ballon d’or 1998. He was a one man army who served his team so well and proved himself to be the greatest of all times.

Now lets come to the not-so-famous part, that such a responsible and disciplined person like Zizou, headbutted Marco Materazzi right to his chest, in 2006 World Cup. In the last world cup match of his life, he was shown a Red Card. Seriously was it heroic? or a bizarre act? This shocked the entire world and this was probably one of the worst act for breaking the rules. This drastic step was highly criticized by the media and questions were repeatatively asked to him. This became the most controversial headline. Zidane later accepted his fault and stated that, ” I am not proud of what I did to Materazzi “. Actually, Materazzi revealed that he spoke something worse to Zidane.

An advice for the future fast paced generations is that You have to compete with yourself, your primary competition will be with you and no one else. That very day Zidane had probably taken a vow that it is not okay to lose, or to accept the unfair game. He was of really a challenging nature so he promised to himself that being coward is never an option. you have to show the world your capabilities and what you deserve. Even till now, his aura of an elegant soccer player is still intact. Zidane ruled the Real Madrid club as a star player along with teammates like Cristiano Ronaldo and David Bekham (both supremely stylish players) primarily. Just as a brilliant student evolves to be the Principal. When he returned to Real Madrid as a Coach nobody thought that he is going to flourish so much on the upcoming days, however… He proved his excellence as a manager and was successful on his part. Though some people continued to criticise him whether he deserved to be in the position or not. Zidane was gifted with huge honours namely, Three Champion Leagues, Two European Super Cups, Two Spanish Super Cups also Two Club World Cups. He left his Coaching when he was questioned on whether he was capable of the position or not. The thing was his eligibility was constantly tested in all phases. After that the conditions of Real Madrid coaching really degraded and the previous coach was sacked. Zidane came back again as a King, and for concluding this story… he won the La Liga title after 2017. 34th La Liga Title, 2020 was hoisted by Real Madrid players defeating Villareal, under guidance of Zidane.

“WE WERE A FAMILY WHO HAD COME FROM NOTHING AND NOW WE HAD RESPECT FROM FRENCH PEOPLE OF ALL SORTS’. – Zidane.

REFERENCE: Zinedine Zidane – Wikipedia.

What is Nepotism ?

I think you all are aware about the recent incident about our loss of our gem ,yes you are right I’m talking about” Shushant Singh Rajput “doesn’t you ? If you are then you very well aware about what happened with that beautiful gem you know that was not murder but it is ,why ? Because of our bollywood industry The bollywood castle is totally totally made of paper you know why ? Because there are so many stars who have name and fame but they don’t have any talent or skills and on the other hand our gems exist who have great skills and talent but they unable to get name and fame because they don’t have any background in bollywood that’s why they committed scucide ?

So what do you think ,what we will have to do? support our starkids and dictator of insusry or we’ll have to support our real gems ???

Why we can’t ?

Do you know that most of people fail in their field because of lack of confidence and because of the fear of results , you know this is the most popular fear which can make you uncomfortable , unconscious , undercofidence ,and some time it may be the cause of stress , depression ,unwanted pressureand many more thing , You know many of students deid every single day because of the fear of being failed what do you think about it Tell me please ……

Russia succeed in covid -19 vaccine

Russia becomes first nation to complete clinical trials of Coronavirus vaccine

The results of the human trials showed that the group of volunteers are developing an immunity to COVID-19.

Russian COVID Vaccine: Russia has become the first nation to successfully complete the human trials of COVID vaccine. Russia’s COVID vaccine has proven to be effective, as per the results of the trials.

Chief Researcher Elena Smolyarchuk informed on July 12, 2020 that the human trials of Russia’s COVID vaccine have been completed and the volunteers will be discharged soon. Smolyarchuk is the head of Center for Clinical Research on Medications at Russia’s Sechenov University.

The ministry said 18 people had participated in the research and were discharged without “serious adverse events, health complaints, complications or side effects”.

The results of the trials “allow us to speak with confidence about the safety and good tolerability of the vaccine”, it said in a statement.

“Their immunity is working well, antibodies are being created, they are protected against the coronavirus,” researcher Svetlana Volchikhina said in a video released by the defence ministry.

Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu told President Vladimir Putin during the height of the epidemic in Russia in late May that military researchers were developing a vaccine with scientists at the Gamaleya Institute in Moscow.

The volunteers were isolated in the Burdenko military hospital in Moscow on June 18 when the trial vaccine was administered and underwent daily check-ups.

The defence ministry reported that “for 28 days after vaccination, the vital signs of the volunteers remained within normal limits”.

“We now know that we are 100 percent protected,” Yury, a member of the army who participated in the tests, said on leaving the hospital.

A second group of participants who were vaccinated on June 23 are currently in isolation in hospital under medical supervision .The defence ministry has said it expects clinical trials to be fully completed by the end of July .Smolyarchuk confirmed that the research has been completed and it proved that the vaccine was safe. The first group of volunteers is expected to be discharged on July 15, while the second group will be discharged on July 20.

How will long russia covid vaccine avilable in the markets?

Despite the successful human trials of the COVID vaccine, there is no official confirmation on when Russia’s vaccine will enter commercial production stage and be available for local people.

According to the World Health Organization, there are at least 21 vaccines that are undergoing human trials across the world. India has also begun clinical trials of its two potential vaccine candidates- Bharat Biotech and ICMR’s COVAXIN and Zydus Cadila’s ZyCov-D. The registrations for the human trials of the Indian vaccines began on July 7.

Russia stands fourth in the world in terms of total confirmed coronavirus cases with 7,27,162 COVID-19 cases including 5,01,061 recoveries and 11,335 deaths, as of July 13, 2020. Globally, around 1,25,52,763 COVID-19 cases have been detected, which includes more than 564,0 00 deaths.

So here we can understand the situation of covid vaccine in world, we can just pray from god that covid 19 vaccine will launch as soon as possible.

Pm mudra yojana scheme

The Government of India launched a flagship scheme called Prime Minister Mudra Yojana (PMMY) on 8^th April 2015 to extend affordable loans to the non-corporate, non-farm micro and small enterprises to cater to their funding needs. One of the major aims of MUDRA loans was to bring the target audience into the formal financial fold.

What is MUDRA?

Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency Limited is MUDRA full form created as a refinancing institution providing loans up to Rs. 10 lakhs maximum to the eligible enterprises through the Commercial Banks, RRBS, Cooperative Banks, NBFC and MFI etc. The borrowers can approach the nearby branches of the lending institutions or apply for loans under the MUDRA scheme or apply online.

The genesis of MUDRA:

The largest economic sector of the country after agriculture comprises of non-corporate micro enterprises generating the bulk of the employment opportunities estimated to be approximately ten crores impacting the life of 50 crore Indians. They are mainly engaged in manufacturing, trading, processing and services, and the enterprises are broadly classified as proprietary or Own Account Enterprises (OAE). Understandably, this sector is deemed to be the economic bulwark of the country, yet it is reckoned to be the largest disorganized business eco-systems in the world. The NSSO survey of 2013 places the OAE at 5.77 crore units, which lie out of the ambit of the formal financial sector enjoying no credit facilities whatsoever. The MUDRA scheme under the aegis of the PMMY aims to be this huge sector into the fold of institutional credit, transforming them into a potent instrument of employment and GDP growth.

The mission statement of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Loan is to create an inclusive value based entrepreneurial culture which is sustainable in partnership with financial institutions in achieving financial security and success.

key benefits of MUDRA loan:

Micro and small enterprises engaged in income generation are the prime target for extension of loan facilities.
The borrowers are not required to provide any collateral or security to avail of Mudra Loan.
There are no processing charges for availing of the loan.
The loans are provided for the funded and non-funded category, inducing an element of flexibility in the usage of funds.
The loans can be in the form of term loans, overdraft facility, letters of credit or bank guarantees, thus catering to a wide array of requirements.
The Mudra loan scheme does not prescribe any minimum amount.

MUDRA Loan Details:

The name of the type of loan facilities under the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Loan is suggestive of the developmental phases of an enterprise and the quantum of loan sanctioned. There are three Categories of the MUDRA loans based on the stated parameters making the business viable.

1. Sishu: This loan is meant for entrepreneurs who are looking to start a business or in the process of establishing one. The maximum loan sanctioned under this category is Rs.50000. The basic norms of the loan are:

To provide finance for machinery.
Valid quotation and supplier details are essential.

2. Kishor: Under the MUDRA scheme, this category of loan is targeted towards entrepreneurs looking to expand their business through the infusion of fresh funds. Thus, the loan sanctioned under this category is in the range of Rs.50001 to Rs.5 lakhs. The key requirements for availing of this loan are:

The existing balance sheet for the previous two years.
Bank account statement.
Income and sales returns.
Estimated balance sheet for the current year.

3.Tarun: The third type of loan under PMMY is for entrepreneurs who are well entrenched and have established themselves in the business and yet looking for further growth or diversification. The loan sanctioned under Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana for this type of loan is in the range of Rs.500001 to Rs.10 lakhs. The amount involved being the highest under the MUDRA Scheme, the requirements are more stringent than the other two loans. Some of the key requirements are:

All the requirements listed for Kishor Mudra Loan.
Address and Identity proof.
Caste certificate, if eligible for reservation.
Primarily the loan facilities are extended to non-corporate non-farm enterprises. However, farm sector enterprises involved in allied services like fisheries, food processing and horticulture, to name a few are eligible.

So, if you are thinking to start your own business, you can take benefits of this scheme and contact with your nearby bank branches, check the eligibility of banks and processes and take loan according to your business.

NGOS-THE BACKBONE OF SOCIETY

NGOS are the backbone of poor’s, so, here we can know about how can ngos standardized the livelihoods of poor’s

But ngos not only help poor’s by giving them shelter and fodd but they also help in many way

1 By giving education of many things

Ex (education regarding sanitary, education regarding hygiene, education to children’s)

2 By giving employment to poor’s

Ex (according to their skills which they may suits best)

Going right in the middle of the communities and through insightful research, NGOs can ensure that the poorest of the poor in India get to experience sustainable growth and get an access to education and employment opportunities, and avail essential services.

Now, no’s help the poor to reduce poverty and make their life standardized in many ways but Assessing NGO’s performance in poverty reduction is a difficult task. However, it is worth learning from other observations conducted on NGO performance in alleviating poverty.

Likewise, Although NGO’s are appraised for their tremendous work, other scholars have opined that they do not see their essence due to the fact that many have fallen below expectations. In this Chapter, however, researcher’s task is to review the literature of other scholarly works as it relate to NGO’s roles in poverty alleviation.

NGOs general aim is to alleviate poverty through activities that promote capacity building and self-reliance.

NGOs are praised for promoting community self-reliance and empowerment through supporting community-based groups and relying on participatory processes.

In Sub-Saharan Africa for instance where survival for daily bread is a major hurdle, NGOs have been seen as liberators of human suffering the evidence is in Sierra Leone were sixty percent of citizens survival dependent upon donors.

Sustainable development, on the other hand, has emerged over the past few decades as an important paradigm for poverty alleviation.

In India, Poverty has been a firm and importunate problem. All the way through the independence to decades after that. Role of NGO, especially in a country like India, is very crucial. In fact, according to current statistics, a huge chunk of the Indian population is still below the poverty level. Not to mention, the focus of elections and all other political agendas have been around the concern. Various government subsidies and poverty amelioration mechanisms have been incorporated in the country. However, most of them failed to offer a commendable result.

Throughout the last few decades, role of NGO’s is extremely significant in poverty amelioration mechanism. They have brought about some of the best employment opportunities, livelihood programs, self-help groups and also empowerment programs. Many families both in rural and urban areas have enjoyed some of the most viable and consistent benefits from these NGO’s.

Role of NGO in poverty alleviation

NGO’s play a significant role in offering relief and other basic amenities to individuals who are suffering from extreme poverty.
These non-governmental organizations have initiated some empowerment programs. These programs empower both men and women, thereby offering some commendable benefits in their lifestyle.
NGO’s have brought about some viable and effective, skill based livelihood programs.
Various public services are provided by the NGO’s both at Macro and Micro levels.
NGO’s have also implemented some viable development programs which are extremely handy for the poverty stricken individuals.

Poverty has been a firm and importunate problem in India, all the way through the independence to decades after that. Role of NGO, especially in a country like India, is very crucial. In fact, according to current statistics, a huge chunk of the Indian population is still below the poverty level. Not to mention, the focus of elections and all other political agendas have been around the concern. Various government subsidies and poverty amelioration mechanisms have been incorporated in the country. However, most of them failed to offer a commendable result.

Throughout the last few decades, role of NGO’s is extremely significant in poverty amelioration mechanism. They have brought about some of the best employment opportunities, livelihood programs, self-help groups and also empowerment programs. Many families both in rural and urban areas have enjoyed some of the most viable and consistent benefits from these NGO’s.

Role of NGO in poverty alleviation

NGO’s play a significant role in offering relief and other basic amenities to individuals who are suffering from extreme poverty.
These non-governmental organizations have initiated some empowerment programs. These programs empower both men and women, thereby offering some commendable benefits in their lifestyle.
NGO’s have brought about some viable and effective, skill based livelihood programs.
Various public services are provided by the NGO’s both at Macro and Micro levels.
NGO’s have also implemented some viable development programs which are extremely handy for the poverty stricken individuals.

Apart from this, various other strategies are incorporated by the NGO’s to reduce poverty.

Providing resources to the poor

NGO’s offer socio-economic services

Helping to achieve the developmental goals.

NGOs MICROFINANCE ROLE A STRATEGY FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION

Microfinance is another important sector that NGO’s have fully utilized in reaching out to the poor. Their roles in this sector, has immensely contributed to alleviating poverty among the poor. The purpose of using microfinance to alleviate poverty is as a result of what role microfinance can play and what impact it created on the beneficiaries. Microfinance has a very important role to play in development according to proponents of microfinance.

Now, these are the ways we can eliminate and reduce the poverty and improve the lives of poor’s by ngos .through examines the lives of poor’s ,by that properly, we can use microfinance and empowerment programs by all above mentioned activities we can improve the livelihoods of poor’s through NGOS.

BE SMART AND INNOVATE YOUR SELF TO THE FULLEST POWER

-SHUBHANKAR

Well innovation is the need of the hour. But how to get the right innovative idea for the right product/service, is the most important question to answer. See, marketing a product or service is as important as say, giving a life to a product. Without proper marketing techniques, a product or service, be it very very good won’t succeed in a consumer-oriented market, which is in place nowadays. Consumer is the king of the market, whatever he/she demands needs to be provided, if not the consumers can shift from one seller to another in no time. So, now the question arises, how can one be innovative in a right way.

The answer to this question is the fact that marketers should be open to analysing the market in frequent intervals. What I mean by analysing the market is, the marketers need to know about what is the target market for their product or service, how will they manage to get their attention, what’s the best means of communication through which they can communicate about their product to the customer in a very effective way. Innovation comes to play in this area of work for the marketer. Marketer after making sure that he/she has selected the best medium of communication, has to now decide the innovative feature he/she can add to make the advertisement of the product or service stand out among the competitors in the market in the eyes of the consumers.

Now talking about innovation, innovative means are very different for any individual. Some marketers might innovate with the distribution strategy, put into perspective different schemes for their customers to increase sales, some might look for product innovation, creating a unique product for the consumers, which would let them earn higher profits in the future. What marketers can use is the psychological aspect. Psychological aspect in branding can be very well used through the use of colours.

Now let me explain you the use of colours in branding in a very effective way:

COLOURS	EMOTIONS	BRAND (Using this in logo)
Blue	Strength, Trust	HP, Twitter
Green	Peaceful, Health	Monster
Diversified	Mixed Feelings	Microsoft, eBay
Yellow	Warmth, Clarity	Best Buy
Red	Bold, Power	Exxon

Now, see this is one of the innovative ways through which various companies can design their logo’s in a very different and attractive way.

The 2^nd innovative thing which a company can do is the use of innovative names. According to a survey, the company with the most innovative names in the 21^st century is Apple Inc. and the 2^nd position is taken by Alphabet company. And look at the performances of these companies, these are the top companies of the world, and one of the factors besides their unique and technology bounded products is the uniqueness of their names. Now, having said so much about marketing and stuff, what about the uniqueness in the advertising displayed through various communication modes.

The 3^rd and the most important thing is the innovativeness shown in the advertisements. Advertisements are the one’s which show the product or service to the end consumers. So, if the advertisement is unique, so will the sales ultimately increase. One of the most important aspect in advertisement is the use of emotional aspect in advertisement. If the advertisement is emotionally appealing, them it has the most positive impact on the consumers. This is a kind of mind game which the marketer needs to play and sell his product.

MESNE PROFIT

Section 2(12) CPC states, “‘Mesne Profit’ of property means those profits which the person in wrongful possession of such property actually received or might with ordinary diligence have received therefrom, together with interest on such profits, but shall not include profits due to improvements made by the person in wrongful possession.”

When a person is dispossessed from his immovable property, he has two rights:

He is entitled to receive possession of property;
He is also entitled to receive damages for wrongful dispossession.

The mesne profits are a compensation which are penal in nature.

OBJECT

Every person has a right to possess his property. And when he is deprived of such right by another person, he is not only entitled to restoration of possession of his property, but also damages for wrongful possession from that person. The mense profits are thus a compensation paid to the real owner.

The object of awarding a decree for mense profit is to compensate the person who has been kept out of possession and deprived of enjoyment of his property even though he has entitled to possession thereof.

WHO IS LIABLE FOR MESNE PROFIT?

A person in wrong possession and enjoyment of immovable property is liable to mesne profits because wrongful possession of the defendant is the essence of a claim for mesne profits. Following persons are liable for mesne profit:

a trespasser;
a person against whom a decree for possession has been passed;
a mortgagor in possession of mortgaged property after a decree for foreclosure has been passed against him;
a mortgagor in possession of property even after a decree for redemption is passed;
a tenant holding over at will after a notice to quit has been served upon him.

Where the plaintiff is dispossessed by several persons, everyone would be liable to pay mesne profit to the plaintiff even though he might not be in actual possession or the profits might not have been received by him. The court in such cases may hold all the trespassers jointly and severely liable, leaving them to have their respective rights adjusted in a separate suit for contribution; or, may ascertain and apportion the liability of each of them. (Fateh Chand v.s Bal Kishan Das,AIR 1963 SC)

ASSESSMENT

In assessing the mesne profits, usually the Court will take into account what the defendant has gained or reasonably might have gained by his wrongful possession of the property. the test is not what the plaintiff has lost by being out of possession but what the defendant gained or might reasonably and with ordinary prudence have gained by such wrongful possession.

PRINCIPLES

The guiding principles for determination of mesne profits are as follow:

The profits must be accounted of by the person in wrongful possession.
Restoration of status to the decree holder about the possession of the property.
Use to which the decree holder would have put the property if he himself was in possession.

RANI LAXMI BAI..[A GREAT WARRIOR]

As we know that we got our independence by sacrificing a lot….
There were some heroes (we call them freedom fighters ) who made the independence possible by their efforts…. today we are free from the chain of restrictions which were applied by the British rulers on that time…..and now we can breathe under the sky of freedom.

India’s history is fully filled by the stories of great people and I am talking about one of them.

Today I want to talk about a queen ,a warrior of our country who made a remarkable image of her in the pages of history… even today’s women are getting inspire with her journey.. With her soul..
I am talking about the RANI LAXMI BAI……..JHANSI KI RANI….

Her remarkable efforts, sacrifices.. Made her immortal…. Let’s start the journey of JHANSI KI RANI…..

The rani Laxmi bai was born to a high-caste prominent Brahmin family in Banaras (now Varanasi) on November 19, 1828. Formally named Manikarnika, she was called “Manu” by her parents. Her mother, Bhagirathi, died when she was 4. Under the care of her father, Moropant Tambe, she grew up. Her father worked for Peshwa Baji Rao II of Bithoor district. The Peshwa called her “Chhabili”, which means “playful”. Her education included horsemanship, fencing and shooting.

Laxmibai contrasted many of the patriarchal cultural expectations for women in India’s society at this time

Manikarnika was married to the king of Jhansi gangadhar rao in 1842 And was afterwards called Laxmibai in honor of the Hindu goddess Laxmi and according to the traditions. She gave birth to a boy, later named Damodar Rao, in 1851, who died after four months. The Maharaja adopted a child called Anand Rao, the son of Gangadhar Rao’s cousin, who was renamed Damodar Rao, on the day before the Maharaja died. The adoption was in the presence of the British political officer who was given a letter from the Maharaja instructing that the child be treated with respect and that the government of Jhansi should be given to his widow for her lifetime.

After the death of the Maharaja in November 1853, because Damodar Rao (born Anand Rao) was an adopted son, the British East India Company, under Governor-General Lord Dalhousie, applied the Doctrine of Lapse, rejecting Damodar Rao’s claim to the throne and annexing the state to its territories. When she was informed of this she cried out “I shall not surrender my Jhansi” (Main apni Jhansi nahi doongi). In March 1854, Rani Laxmibai was given an annual pension of Rs. 60,000 and ordered to leave the palace and the fort.

When the entire country was already fighting the first war for Independence, Rani joined the wagon after Sir Hugh Rose demanded the complete surrender of Jhansi.

She was further supported by great warriors like Gulam Gaus Khan, Dost Khan, Khuda Baksh, Sunder-Mundar, Lala Bhau Bakshi, Moti Bai, Deewan Raghunath Singh and Deewan Jawahar Singh among others. To strengthen her defence, Rani also had an army of women. She decamped to Kalpi with a few guards, where she joined additional rebel forces, including Tatya Tope. They occupied the town of Kalpi and prepared to defend it. On 22 May British forces attacked Kalpi; the forces were commanded by the Rani herself and were again defeated.

They came to Gwalior and joined the Indian forces The Rani was unsuccessful in trying to persuade the other rebel leaders to prepare to defend Gwalior against a British attack which she expected would come soon. General Rose’s forces took Morar on 16 June and then made a successful attack on the city.

It is said that she fought the British bravely with her infant son Damodar tied to her back and swords in her hands. After giving a tough fight to the Britishers, she was killed on 17 June 1988, following which troops whisked away her body so that her last wish of not being captured by the British could be fulfilled.

In the British report of this battle, Hugh Rose commented that Rani Laxmibai is “personable, clever and beautiful” and she is “the most dangerous of all Indian leaders”.

Today Rani Jhansi Museum in the Fort of Jhansi is home to some of the weapons used by Rani Laxmibai and her fellow warriors throughout the Rebellion of 1857. The museum houses a collection of archaeological remains of the period between the 9th and 12th centuries AD.

There is a famous poem on JHANSI KI RANI…

BUNDELE HARBOLON KE MUKH HMNE SUNI KAHANI THI
KHOOB LADI MARDAANI WHO TOH JHANSI WALI RANI THI…….

There are also some poems which are written on the great JHANSI KI RANI…

As we have read above the story of RANI LAXMI BAI we see that how many challenges she faced but she didn’t compromise with her self-respect and she just fought, fought and fought with the British rulers…..

There are a lot of people born daily…. a lot of people die daily… but.. there are only few people who made their remark in history …only few become immortal in history…….we should learn.. form them…

DOWRY SYSTEM

Much has been said about the condition of women in free India. Statesmen, politicians and women who spend their time in social service and women’s Organisations have been talking day in and day out about the appalling state of women in India . There are many evil practices prevailing in India. One of these evils is the dowry system.

When one stops to think how this system must have caught such strong roots in Indian society, one can find it to be born out of convenience. Several explanations are given for the prevalence of the dowry system. Some trace it to the custom followed by many kings of the past and princely chieftains when they gave away their daughters in marriage. It was felt that the life of the daughters should start on a convenient and happy note. So when they were sent to their father- in-law’s house they were given large gifts. The kings or princess or the aristocratic classes wished to give their daughters a gift that would be consistent with their own dignity and status. The motive behind this was to ensure the happiness of the girls in their new homes. This settlement was a revelation of a natural affection of a father towards his daughter. But in later times the practice took a new turn.

It is one of the weakness of human beings to follow what others had done before. Very often they choose from past experiences only what is convenient for them without stopping to think whether it is good or bad. Similarly, when they saw that gifts accompany girls when the latter went to their new home after marriage, some unscrupulous men began to make this practice a convention. They saw in this practice a means of earning some easy money for themselves. The pawn in their game was the helpless girl. Parents of eligible bachelors see in the girls parents a gold mine which has to be exploited to its full capacity. So they began to demand certain things from the girls parents. In this way, what started as a convenience and a matter of personal prestige turned out to be a custom. What was received by the bridegroom’s father as a gift in olden days took on the nature of a ‘demand’ in later times.

What was once a voluntary gift became transformed into a custom known as dowry. A curious explanation is given by some people who demand dowry for their sons. They cite economic conditions as reasons for their demand. Since they have to satisfy many relatives and friends they require large funds and it is this that they expect from the other party. They do not require it is for themselves! This explanation is quietly and conveniently forgotten when they have to give away their daughter in marriage and when such a demand as theirs is made by a boy’s father. In other words, they want to GET but not to GIVE. At such times they forget that economic conditions are the same for all people and are not their own special lot alone. In this manner, the dowry system has come to stay in our society. During the recent past it has become common to all levels of society. Even men with large property and high income demand dowry.

Greed for money and wealth thus perpetuates an evil. To a certain extent the girls themselves are responsible for this. The admirable qualities of obedience, tolerance and patience prove to be disadvantages to them under these conditions. They dare not oppose these practices and refuse to yield to the ‘demands’. In the case of the boys, they plead their helplessness and inability to oppose their father. The very same boys would have protested to their father and even fought for their liberty in matters like getting a scooter and other things.

Today, the dowry system has become a positive evil. Avaricious vultures ill treat their daughter-in-law in many ways. There are a number of what have come to be known as dowry deaths. Girls are tortured and sent back to their parents and are refused readmission into their father – in-law’s house unless they come back with the demands fulfilled.

The remedy, therefore, lies more in the hands of the younger generation. But society cannot wash its hands off the whole affair, leaving the responsibility on the shoulders of the young couple. Voluntary Organisations must come forward to educate the public on the evils of the dowry system and also see to it that those who are intransigent are bought to book. What the machinery of the Government cannot do effectively must be attempted and accomplished by these Organisations and by individuals with a sense of duty and service. The ways may be difficult, but the evil MUST be driven away from life. Unless it is done at the earliest the malady will pass on to the future generations and posterity would inherit this.

Freedom of speech and expression: a ruse?

Humans are categorized as different from animals on the basis of a defining characteristic “self consciousness”. This feature states that we have the ability to be aware of our surroundings and be aware in general about our thoughts, emotions and words. Being in a society that constantly asks for certain order and rules according to which everyone is expected to behave ,our words and thoughts have to be filtered before voicing them out. “Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; the right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek and receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers” proclaims the Universal Declaration Of Human Rights (1948).

These rules and regulations have been made part of our constitution. The right to freedom of speech and expression is subject to limitations imposed under Article 19(2). Article 19(1)(a) of Indian Constitution says that all citizens have the right to freedom of speech and expression. Freedom of Speech and expression means the right to express one’s own convictions and opinions freely by words of mouth, writing, printing, pictures or any other mode.

Freedom of expression has four broad special purposes to serve:

1) It helps an individual to attain self-fulfillment.

2) It assists in the discovery of truth.

3) It strengthens the capacity of an individual in participating in decision-making.

4) It provides a mechanism by which it would be possible to establish a reasonable balance between stability and social change.

5) All members of society would be able to form their own beliefs and communicate them freely to others

Bearing all this fundamental information about freedom of speech and expression lets talk about the ongoing onslaught on comedians in India. Agrima Joshua, a comedian from Mumbai, faced the online mob who attacked her on social media. Some of the trolling had to do with her political views, some with the religious community to which she belongs. Joshua took a dig at some of the outlandish claims made about a proposed statue of medieval Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji. The online mob made sure to misrepresent the content of the video, claiming that Joshua was ridiculing Shivaji – rather than simply mocking the absurd claims made by supporters of the statue. The online audience in response decided to step up their game and started posting their own videos involving graphic rape threats and went so far as to vandalize the place the sketch took place in. A series of disappointing events including the siding of the Maharashtra government with the online mob and comedians coming out and apologizing for their videos followed.

All these events are misuse of the right to freedom of expression or not is the main question to ponder on. Is it okay for people to voice their opinions whether wrong or not? On one side artists are encouraged to talk about political and happening topics in the country to generate awareness while on the other when they do they are reprimanded for misusing their freedom of speech. Where is the line drawn? Expressing the online mob’s dislike towards the video could be done in a civilized way rather than giving rape threats. Will females be dragged down by asserting dominance using rape every time they validate their right to freedom and expression. The digging up of religion hurting statements continued for several other comics who came up and apologized for their videos. And yet their personal details (address, mobile number, etc) were circulated online.

The misuse of freedom of expression has reached to its peak now. Enough for us to question what is right or wrong and what can be voiced out in public and what cannot. The standup comic scene is definitely going to be very different post Covid19 and also every public speaker is going to face more of the online mob hunting. As the youth of the country its our responsibility to exercise our right of freedom of expression and speech in a conscientious manner.

Brand Leadership

Unilever the largest company in the world has its stock prices always mounted high, they are also globally recognized for their innovative power and brand building. In 1947, Unilever entered the Malaysian Market. They were already famous for their effective and efficient manufacturing capacity. What was the reason behind Unilever’s growth in Foreign land? In every article, I found Unilever focuses on Portfolio analysis and they did a thorough study of the depth and breadth of their brand. Conducting intensive research in and out, studying the target audience, keeping themselves updated with the pace of transformation, focus on brand portfolio and PESTLE analysis is what made Unilever a mate of every household in Malaysia.
We all know, Malaysia is a Muslim country. Meeting the local cultural need of the target audience is not an easy task for companies. But Unilever successfully crossed all the barriers and introduced a new brand- Wall’s Ice-cream. The product was Halal certified fulfilling the demand of locals. In a short span, the success of the brand was counted remarkable.

LAW IN INDIA

Law is essential for society to function. The chaotic human nature has proven that laws are guidelines for humanity’s road to harmony. According to Hugo Grotius, perception of law he argued that law arises from the social impulse of humanity. Law is a tool that maintains the balance between those who are victims are those who harm the victims. Law is dynamic and ever-changing. It changes along with the consequential change in human nature. Law has always reflected human nature. The crucial part of the law is that every man regardless of his wealth, gender, community, and color is equal in the eyes of law. Thus the law is an important fragment of human existence.

Law is classified into civil law and criminal law. Criminal law is laws or rules created for the protection of the public against potentially serious crimes. The laws are against acts that are morally, ethically wrong, and threatening to the public welfare of the community thus halting the progress of the society to a harmonious society. Criminal offenses are considered offenses against the public. Criminal cases are punished by ordering fines, imprisonments, or rehabilitation of the guilty or even death sentences. Criminal cases are always filed by the government as it is a crime against the public as a whole. Criminal law in India is governed by the Indian penal code, The Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Evidence Act. The criminal acts are categorized according to the nature of the act as felonies or misdemeanors. Felonies are serious crimes; they are classified into different classes and given different punishments according to the severity of the crime. Felonies are punishable by imprisonment or death. Misdemeanors are violations of law or lesser offenses such as parking violations and are punished for a sentence lesser than a year.

Civil law on the other hand is offenses against individual persons. The party at fault or the guilty person has to pay compensation or obey the laws for a remedy as said by the law. Civil law is practiced to uphold the individual’s private right and find suitable remedies for the violated rights. Civil law aims to solve disputes or disagreements between individuals, families, or companies by providing compensation to the party that is harmed. Civil law is classified into Contract, Tort, and Family Law. Contract law is rules are applied when two or more parties agree to enter into an agreement or contract; all parties in the agreement are required to respect the terms of the agreement. Any parties found to have broken the terms of the contract then they have committed a civil wrong and broken the contract. Contact law in India is based on the English common law of England. Tort Law is applied when there is personal injury or negligence such as trespass. The laws of torts in India in ancient times were the Muslim Sharia laws and the Hindu laws which had a very restricted expansion of the idea of torts. When the British established courts in India which were run as per the English laws, Torts were introduced to the Indian judicial system. Family law is concerned with divorce, inheritance, adoption, marriage annulment, birth certificate, and child custody matters. Since India has a diverse population where different religions are followed, India’s family laws are based on different religions. The Hindus follow the Hindu Marriage act of 1955, the Muslims follow the
Muslim Personal Law Application Act 1936, Christians follow the Indian Christian marriage act of 1936 and the Special Marriage Act 1954 applies to all persons regardless of their religion, the caste of community.

Law is always been dynamic and the crux of the law is that it offers justice to people regardless of his wealth, gender, community, and color is equal in the eyes of law. Law in India is a fairly complex conception of rules. India has grown its roots into the judicial system the British left behind. India did although have the existence of various law systems before which was very restricted. With the introduction of English law systems and the introduction of torts in the Indian judicial system gave the people more chances for aggrieved parties to come to court.

Big Data! How much does it matter in today’s World?

Extracting and analysing information or data sets that are very large and complex to be analysed using traditional methods is very difficult and time consuming. Big data analytics is the use of advanced analytic techniques to do this in a comparatively easy and efficient way.

One must understand that the importance of this vast subject is not in how much data you have, but what you do with the data that you have. We can analyse this data to make smart decision in any work place environment. This is used in many organisations for cost reduction, improving customer experience, enhance online security.

The major industries that use Big Data Analytics:

1). Banking Sector

The banking sector uses big data analytics to detect credit card fraud, pattern in loan payment defaulters, tick analytics, credit risk reporting and risk analysis in case of money laundering and trade analytics among others.

The Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) in the United States is using network analytics and natural language processors to detect illegal trade activity in the financial market (stock market).

2).Entertainment Sector

The Entertainment sector especially online streaming services use Big Data analytics to understand patterns of real time content usage, creation of new content for the audience based on age demographics, culture and language of the region. They also use this to recommend movies and music to the user based on previously watched content.

Have you wondered why YouTube always keeps popping those cooking videos?

3).E-Commerce Industry

From recommending the next product to buy based on previously bough items to items currently in the cart, big data analytics is a major player in the e-commerce industry.

Other than recommending new items to buy, big data analytics is used in this sector to reduce fraud (don’t keep returning items), analysis of inventory, decision of what products to be kept in which region and number of delivery staff to be deployed in an area all depends on the cluster of customer in that region.

4).Health Care Sector

Big Data analytics is becoming more and more important in the healthcare industry mainly because of the vast amount of information available and increasing healthcare costs.

This is used for efficient staffing in hospitals i.e. how many doctors and nurses needed to be always present in the hospital to provide adequate care to the patient.

Analysing the patient’s record and keeping a check on his/her health always (e.g. blood pressure and glucose testing at home, exercise routine) and informing the patient about the next to visit the doctor. Risk of the same condition passed on to the patient’s descendants. The consulting doctor also gets these alerts.

5). Government

The government is by far the biggest user of Big Data analytics. The uses range from health care research, environmental protection, financial market analysis, fraud detection in money laundering and tax payment fraud and finding resources of energy.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) uses Big Data analytics to detect and study patterns of food-related illnesses and diseases. This makes it possible for a faster response, which leads to rapid treatment and to ban the substance that causes life threatening diseases.

Drink Lassi

Smooth, frozen, yogurt drink mixed with fresh seasonal fruits and water is mouthwatering. From salty to sweet there are many varieties of Lassi and it tastes divine when garnished with dry fruits on top. Lassi is a customary drink of Punjab, India. There it is served in a tall glass. Lassi is useful for our body too. It benefits in lessening stored fat from our body, specifically in the abdomen, and also beneficial in an excretory problems. Being rich in calcium, Lassi aids in making our bone stronger. So, make Lassi at home and enjoy it. It’s easily made at home and you don’t need to put the effort into it.

A cup of cold yogurt

Sugar according to your taste/Salt

Half glass of cold water

Seasonal fruits (you prefer)

Blend all the above ingredients in a blender for two-three minutes and pour it in a glass. For garnishing use dry fruits on the top. Enjoy!

“Man is by nature a political animal”. How far is it true in the case of students?

The famous Greek philosopher Aristotle believed and quoted that man is a political being. He always felt so, because man is blessed with the ability to speak and rationalize. No other species on this earth have been blessed with these abilities, hence he feels that we must make best use of it. But how far does it apply to the students? This topic has always been a bone of content in our country. A lot of people feel that it’s in the best interest of the student, if they don’t involve themselves in politics, on the other hand people feel students must involve themselves into politics, as they are the future of this country. You might as well think about what’s best for the students? There is a clear cut difference between educating yourself about politics, and getting involved in politics. A lot of people feel that the participation of students in politics will weaken their will to study, and educate themselves academically. The people opposing this, have also claimed that, the participation of students in political movements, during the freedom struggle had a great impact on the Britishers. Even during the second World War, a lot of students were actively participating, and helping their respective countries.

Advantages of students not participating in politics:-

With the level of corruption prevailing in politics, it’s almost impossible for students to remain honest and sincere. Hence it degenerates their moral character.
These students might be used by political parties for their selfish needs.
These students become a tool in the hands of the politicians, who achieve their needs through them.
These students will ultimately lose their interest in studies, and direct their full potential to politics.
These students are also used for the purpose of strike and protest. Hence they end up destroying public property, and they cause damage to themselves.

Advantages of students educating themselves about politics:

This will help them concentrate more on their academics, as well as give importance to politics.
They get to increase their Political knowledge through various debates and discussions happening in colleges.
Since they are completely educated, they can make use of various approaches, to solve an issue arising.
Inorder to straighten the democracy, more educated leaders are required.
Educated leaders in future can also possibly remove the rotten system of politics, filled with corruption in our country.
Educated leaders are also much more capable of bringing in new reforms that the society requires.

Conclusion:-

It is good to conclude that politics is inevitably present in every students’ life, and it cannot be ignored. Having immense knowledge about politics is always important as students are the future leaders of our democracy. At the same time it is good to not mix politics into their academics as it will do no good to them. An educated and wise leader is the one people look forward to, and in order to be that, students must work hard in their academics without getting involved completely into politics. But when time comes and this nation is in need of young minds, students mustn’t hesitate to give their all to this country.

Books:A Best Friend in Disguise

Good friends, good books, and a sleepy conscience: this is the ideal life.- Mark Twain

Life is not easy to live without friends. When it involves Books, they will be our greatest friends ever. Good Books enriches our minds with good thoughts and knowledge a bit like an honest friend. We cannot feel alone within the company of books. We can learn many goodies while reading an honest book. Books written by famous and experienced people help us to become a far better person and also teach us the way to serve the society within the absolute best way. When we are alone, we will always devour a book and begin reading to feel relax.

**A great book should leave you with many experiences, and slightly exhausted at the end. You live several lives while reading.- William Styron**

Books are our greatest friends because they inspire us to try to great things in life and overcome our failures. We learn tons from good books a bit like an honest friend. Books can be good or bad, but it is our responsibility to choose them wisely. Friendship with Good books causes you to person and friendship with Bad books cause you to person. Books will always be there for you in your bad times. Books teach us to have dreams. Books bring positive value to our life.

“Outside of a dog, a book is man’s best friend. Inside of a dog it’s too dark to read.”
― Groucho Marx

Section 193 in The Railways Act, 1989

Section 193 in the railway act 1989 is about notices served by the statuary authority to any person by the railway administration. The railway act was last amended by Shri D.V. Sadananda Gowda, Minister of Railways in 2014[1]. The railway act 1989 helps keep the system of the railway industry intact and disciplined. The following rules laid by the legislation are to keep our countries railway line working efficiently and effectively. The above mentioned section is a very important section as it lays down the procedure of notifying railway related information to an individual.

Administration of notice, and so on., by railway organization. — Unless in any case gave in this Act or the principles encircled thereunder, any notification or other report required or approved by this Act to be served on any individual by a railway organization might be served by conveying it to the individual, by leaving it at the standard or last known spot of home of the individual, by enlisted present tended to on the individual at his typical or last known spot of dwelling place.[2]

[1] https://www.prsindia.org/sites/default/files/bill_files/railways_%28A%29_bill%2C_2014.pdf

[2] The Railway act, 1989

Is Religion The Problem?

Humanity’s most vicious ambitions have been carried out in the name of gods no one has ever seen and beliefs followers are not willing to question and investigate. Until humankind learns to more closely examine their beliefs, wars waged in ignorance will continue to plague our species and prevent lasting peace.

If the emotions of one in need are like a hurricane, then religion needs to learn how to create the space a hurricane needs to slow and become calm. Rigid rules to such a person are like trying to nail down a hurricane. Guilt makes the winds blow all the harder. Only in moments of calm, when sought, will advice be of help – any other time it will add de- bris to the winds. There a time to actively help and a time to love quietly, trust yourself to sense the difference.

Religion initially commenced as a solution for the problems existing at that time, say 5000 BC. However, at some point in time, it started appearing as the pebble in the shoe of humanity and it’s progression . The anarchy, unprovoked killings and disorderly social structure needed a system, and religion got itself evolved. While it was evolved many others came forward with their own versions to super implant the existing ones. But their actions only increased the number of religions. We landed up with Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Islam etc. Since more religions came into existence, there were varieties to choose for the people. After having chosen, the people started propagating them. In their enthusiasm, they started negating the existing ones. This resulted in hatred, mistrust and hostility which ended up with problems for the state. Instead of being a solution religion has turned out to be a problem.

Religion is neither the problem nor the solution. The point is, religion was a vessel out from which human curiosity was able to spring, but it is also a tool of social control and thus is opposed to actual progress. It’s about faith and perception of it which is posing as the biggest problem in our country. Every single religion here has it’s own good and bad preachings. If one feels that his or her faith in a religion is far more truthful and look down upon remaining religions is nothing but adult way of showing you are having bigger scoop of ice creams than your friend, like we used to do when we were small kids. This is what happening in our country now, everyone wants to pretend that their faith is much greater than others which has lead to all sorts of quackery and blind modifications of original teachings given in our sacred books. Again by good teachings I meant, the one’s which brings happiness in every living being and doesn’t hurt even a single person at the cost of one’s satisfaction.

One thing most misused after horns in India is religion! Different religions became a problem in India from the day we forgot about our roots. India has always been a diverse nation, and religion accounts for a big diversification. Now you see the problem is, we are not educated. We might be literate but still we are not educated. There’s a big difference between the two! Politicians have always taken advantage of this. And they would continue this until and unless the masses themselves realize the mistake. If we, as the public masses, don’t realize this then soon we’ll be heading towards an authoritarian government which will forcefully assimilates all of the subcultures within it’s polity and create a syncretic identity. Such an orthodoxy that some people dream of would also dissolve the constitution that has given crucial rights to many people. For example, the constitution bans untouchability, which no Dharmashastra did before. The constitution has also given several fundamental rights that the orthodox do not see applicable in their “dharmic” framework. Theocratic societies have several such drawbacks.

So it’s better to focus on more important aspects of life rather than talking about religion at all times. It’s time to let go and rise above the outdated and cruel exploits of our past that we inherited from our ancestors, and realize that our early misinterpretations of our world do not have to define the future of humanity. We have grown. We have reached a time in our history where the misunderstandings of the past must be reconciled and the truth about the origins of our early beliefs must be revealed. It’s time that our world’s religions face the tragic horrors of their past and make honest progression towards love and kindness for all of humanity. Our world, our peace and our growth all depend upon us and our ability to move forward in our understanding. It’s time to embrace our humanity and cultivate the harmonious future we all deserve.

Screenshot_20200718-121343_Chrome — Is Religion The Problem?

6 Unique Indian Customs & Traditions

Indian culture and traditions are something that has now become renowned all across the planet. We all ask India and its culture as something very diverse and unique. But seldom can we provide a thought to why things are wiped out certain specific ways. Indian culture is filled with several unique customs and traditions, which outsiders might find intriguing. Most of those originate from the traditional Indian scriptures and texts, which have dictated the way of life in India for thousands of years.
Here are 6 fascinating cultures and traditions of India:

Festivals & Religion- India also sees a large number of festivals, mainly because of the prevalence of diverse religions and groups. The Muslims celebrate Eid, the Christians have Christmas and Good Friday, the Sikhs have Baisakhi (harvesting of the crop), and therefore the birthdays of their Gurus and the Hindus have Diwali, Holi, Makar Sakranti, the Jains have Mahavir Jayanti, the Buddhists celebrate the Buddha’s birthday on Buddha Poornima, and quite honestly, the amount is endless. All of those translate to holidays in our book, of course.
Architecture:The Science Behind Temples- Most temples are located along magnetic wave lines of the Earth, which help in maximizing the available positive energy. The copper plate (called Garbhagriha or Moolasthan) buried under the most idol absorbs and resonates this energy to its surroundings. Going to the temple often helps in having a positive mind and garnering positive energies, which successively causes healthier functioning.
Traditions of Treating Guests- In India, the saying ‘Atithi Devo Bhavah’ is also integral. It means ‘the guest is equivalent to god’. It is a Sanskrit verse taken from the Hindu scriptures, which later became a neighborhood of the ‘Code of conduct for Hindu society since the guest has always been of supreme importance in the Culture of India.
Indian Dances- India is a land of ‘unity in diversity’, and our dances are no different. Different sorts of dance(classified as folk or classical) find origin from different parts of the country, and that they are how of representation of the actual culture from which they originate. Eight classical dances, which are classified as Indian classical dances and find a mention within the Hindu Sanskrit text ‘Natyashashtra’, (a text of performing arts) are:

Bharatnatyam from Tamil Nadu
Kathakali from Kerela
Kathak from North, West and Central India
Mohiniyattam from Kerela
Kuchipudi from Andhra Pradesh
Oddisi from Odhisa
Manipuri from Manipur
Sattriya from Assam

All the dance mentioned above forms are an entire dance drama, wherein a dancer or performer narrates a whole story, almost entirely and exclusively through gestures. Such stories are mostly supported the vast Indian mythology. These performances are mostly based on stories that are orally passed on from one generation to the other. Folk dances mainly trace their importance to the rural areas, where performances depict the day to day life of rural inhabitants.

Cuisine- Indian food and cuisine not only form an integral part of the culture of India but are also one of the critical factors of India’s popularity worldwide. The style of cooking varies from region to region, though unanimously, Indian food features a significant reputation for its extensive use of spices and herbs. Almost every region is understood for a signature dish or ingredient. The staple, however, throughout the state consists mostly of rice, wheat, and Bengal gram (Chana). While vegetarian food is an integral part of Gujrati South Indian and Rajasthani cuisines, non-vegetarian dishes form a central part of Mughlai, Bengali, North Indian and Punjabi cuisine. It is also interesting to note that specific cuisines like that of Kashmir have also been influenced by foreign cooking styles from Central Asia, Persia, and Afghanistan.
Languages- India is socially, culturally, and linguistically very diverse. Hindi and English are widely spoken and recognized for official purposes. Other than than, there are 22 scheduled languages recognized by the constitution of India. However, more than 400 languages and dialects in India are still not known. Dialects change even with a few kilometres of travel in the state. Over the years, about 190 languages became endangered thanks to only a few surviving speakers.

There exist thousands of traditions and culture in India, and quite a few of them would leave outsiders rather curious. But the crux of Indian society and culture has always been to be mannered, polite, respect others, and progress together.

Hello, Hallyu!

It’s a wave that’s swept Indians off their feet, dictating everything from their choice of music and TV shows, right down to beauty and skincare… all of it made entirely in Korea.

Much of the world woke up to K-pop after Psy’s 2012 viral hit Gangnam Style, but the genre dates back to the 1990s, when ‘idol’ groups started making waves in the Korean music scene.

Most people trace the genesis of the ‘idol’ phenomenon to the 1992 debut of Seo Taiji and Boys, a trio that melded American pop, swingbeat and rap with Korean lyrics and musical tropes. Their immense – and unexpected – popularity encouraged Korean entertainment companies to jump on this new trend, and by the mid-90s the Korean music industry was dominated by boy bands such as H.O.T and SechsKies, who quickly built up large, passionate and competitive fandoms. These bands would lay down the template for generations of K-pop groups to follow – music that mixes elements of Korean pop culture with a wide cross-section of contemporary music genres from the West, a focus on over-the-top fashion, and a visual aesthetic that is fully committed to gleeful audiovisual excess. Around the same time, the South Korean Ministry of Culture started investing heavily in the country’s entertainment and pop culture industries in an attempt to stave off the impending influx of Japanese anime, manga and music, which had been banned in the country before 1998.

Recognising the potential of culture as soft power, the government also put into place policies to promote the production and export of Korean pop culture. This was the beginning of Hallyu – the Korean Wave – in which Korean films, TV dramas and K-pop gained rapid popularity across wide swathes of China, Japan and South-East Asia, before the internet allowed it to spread its reach across all the world. And since the late 2000s, K-Pop has been at its forefront.

So, what started the Hallyu Wave?

Winter Sonata, a KDrama, started the Hallyu Wave, in Asia. It was so popular in Japan that matchmakers started advertising that they could hook up Japanese women with Korean husbands.

KPop took a bit longer. BoA was the first Korean singer to make it big in Japan (2001), but she sang in Japanese and people didn’t necessarily know she was Korean. The first KPop group to hit Japan was TVXQ (all five of them) in 2006 – they became known as the Korean Beatles due to their immense fandom in Asia. SS501, Super Junior and SHINee also had great success in Japan, and the Hallyu Wave started lapping at the shores of Australia, New Zealand and California.

Groups started coming over to the US in the late 2000s, and after Gangnam Style went viral on the web, more came. Before BTS made it huge, several other groups had profitable tours, including Got7 and Big Bang (with the MADE Tour doing exceptionally well).

In 2012, KCon started in Los Angeles. This convention, with highlighted artist concerts each night, has grown exponentially since, with KCons in a variety of places around the world (Japan, Australia, Paris) and expanded to NYC as well as LA. 70,000 people attended KCon NY 2019, with the convention held at the Javits Center and the concerts at Madison Square Gardens. KCon LA had 94,000 fans in 2018 (figures aren’t out yet for 2019). Now of course BTS are the world’s biggest boy group, and have just finished a massive worldwide stadium tour that outgrossed most of the acts this year from ANY country.

But India’s first brush with Hallyu had more to do with local politics than it did with soft power diplomacy. In 2000 the Manipur Revolutionary People’s Front, an armed secessionist group, issued a notice banning Hindi films and TV shows – as well as the use of Hindi – in an effort to fight the ‘Indianisation’ of the north-eastern state of Manipur. As theatres and cable operators quickly acceded to the demand, people started looking further east for entertainment. Korean TV channels like Airarang TV and KBS World started being broadcast in Manipur and other north-eastern states, and soon the region was awash with cheap pirated Korean CDs.“The key factor that abets the popularity of Korean Wave is the cultural proximity of Korean and Manipuri societies,”

The fact that people from the region are rarely represented in Indian pop culture – and if they are, it’s usually as an offensive racial stereotype – also made the switch to Korean culture easier. When young people from the region travelled to cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore and Pune for college, they took their love for Korean TV and K-pop with them, seeding K-pop fandoms in their hostels. But it would take until after 2012 for these seeds to start bearing fruit.

The rise of YouTube and social media had already allowed K-pop to make inroads into the United States, Europe and India, but it was K-pop star Psy’s 2012 viral hit that really turned it into a global phenomenon. But why was BTS the band that finally broke through the culture barrier overseas to make significant waves in the US? The answer lies in a combination of factors, and most of them are about change: the changing nature of K-pop’s studio culture and the way “idols” are produced; changing depictions of masculinity in South Korea; changing ranges of acceptable expression in K-pop; and, above all, the approach BTS has taken to building its fan base and interacting with its fans.

It’s this high level of online engagement – as well as the lack of non-Bollywood boy bands or pop music in the country – that has helped K-pop acts build highly dedicated fandoms in India as well. Indian K-pop fans congregate on act-specific Facebook and Twitter pages, like Bangtan India (for BTS fans) and EXO-L India, as well as more general platforms like Destination K-pop India.

Screenshot_20200718-114235_Chrome — The Korean Wave.

Sentimental Analysis

Sentiment analysis is the interpretation and classification of emotions within text data using text analysis techniques. It bifurcates the data into positive, negative and neutral. Sometimes, there are more emotions that also can be detected using sentimental analysis.

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This analysis tools allow businesses and other decision makers to identify customer sentiment toward products, brands, campaigns or services in online feedback. It is highly used to check online users attitude using their tweet, texts, reviews and comments. According to Wikipedia, Sentiment analysis refers to the use of natural language processing, text analysis, computational linguistics, and bio-metrics to systematically identify, extract, quantify, and study effective states and subjective information. It is a Natural Language Processing and Information Extraction task that aims to obtain writer’s feelings expressed in positive or negative comments, questions and requests, by analyzing a large numbers of documents.

Uses:

Finance field for stock trading companies as sentiment algorithms can detect particular companies who show a positive sentiment in news articles. This can mean a significant financial opportunity, as this may trigger people to buy more of the company’s stock. Having access to this type of data, may give traders the opportunity to make decisions before the market has time to react. (getthematic)
Social media posts to know how are customer reacting to a particular topic, concept, reviews and what are their sentiments for the same.
Increase customer retention.
New product perception.
Businesses gain valuable insights using sentimental analysis and can strategize their objectives according to the output of this technique.
Also provides company’s to gain competitive advantage.

Sentiment-Analysis

Approach:

Using NLP (Natural Language Processing) that allows computers to analyze and understand human language.
Using Machine learning concept that uses classifiers such as Naive Baiyes, SVM etc.

Working:

Collection/ Fetching of data: A large chunk of data is collected for further analysis.
Cleaning the data: Since the data collected is unstructured or semi-structured in nature, it has to be cleaned before going for analysis. It is done by removing stop-words, removing punctuation, whitespaces etc.
Data Analysis: The inbuilt algorithm process the data and perform sentence splitting.
Indexing: Algorithm tags sentences based on their polarity such as positive, negative or neutral.
Output: Finally, it provides an output that tells the actual results. It can be in the form of table, graphs, text, word-cloud or figures.

Limitations:

Latest emerging terms cannot be analysed properly.
Sarcasm detection.
Term frequency.
Sentence completeness.
Small sentences or phrases cannot give much insights.

Placement

As we all know Placement is very important in a person’s life and especially for students. In a simple language, Placement refers to placing a right person to a job and especially right job. It is a process of assigning specific job and workplace to the selected candidate. It helps in fitting the right person at the right job or place. Placement is the assignment or re – assignment of an employee to new or different job. Generally, assignment or initial assignment is for new employees and promotion or transfer is for present employees. The placement of an employee is the stage where selection procedure ends. Placement also implies assigning a particular rank and responsibility to an employee according to the requirement of job and his qualifications. It is always said that a well placed employee is an asset for the organisation as the position in which he is placed is according to his qualifications, knowledge and skills and that’s why he can give his 100 percent in his work and thus, he is an asset to the organisation. If an employee is properly placed that is if placement of an employee is done in a right place then this will make the employee happy which will further reduce absenteeism and labour turnover. This will also helps in increasing the morale and efficiency of the employees and the employee will build a good relation with his colleagues and employer. Some signs which shows that an employee is properly placed are they will increase production, improved quality of product, punctuality and regularity in work and attendance. Placement is important for both the organisation as well as the employee. As a properly placed employee will help in achieving organisational goals as well as his personal goals too. It is important for the organisation as a company invests a lot of amount in hiring an employee and if, they place a wrong person this would be a loss for an organisation. Therefore, placement should be done after due consideration of the demands of the job. Placement is not an easy task but a complex one. As it is very difficult for a new employee to adjust in new environment, culture, company and work. So for this reason the employee is generally put on a probation period which ranges from 6 months to 1 year. At the end of the probation period if he shows good performance, he is selected as a regular employee of the organisation. Placement has many importance too and they are –

Keep Employees Satisfied – The most important purpose of placement is that the goals of the organisation should be achieved and this is possible only through satisfied employees. So, while assigning the job to new employees the requirement and needs of the organisation as well as employees should be taken into consideration.
Improves Efficiency – If an employee is placed in a right position according to his abilities and experience he would be able to show good results. This would further help in keeping his spirits high and will increase the efficiency of both employee and the organisation.
Good Relation – Placement also helps in improving the relation between employee and employer as they feel satisfied with there jobs and there will be no reason for disputes.
Increases Morale – Employee morale can be increased through proper placement. This can be understood by the behaviour of the employees. If a candidate is able to adjust himself to the job and the organisation and continues to perform excellently this shows that the employee is correctly placed.
Gives Motivation and Reduces Turnover – Proper placement keeps employee motivated as the job matches their skills and requirements and this motivation results in better performance. It also helps in reducing labour turnover and absenteeism. If a person don’t like the job he will start making excuses and will remain absent this shows that we have placed wrong employee at wrong place. So, effective placement helps in keeping the absenteeism low.

Last But Not the Least

Placement process is also very important as a well placed employee will be an asset to the organisation.

Street children in India

Intoduction

Firstly, the street life is that persons are directly depended on Street or vacant place for the livelihood. Street life is very challenging to the survival to children or even for youth,men,or any other living creatures. They live in cities but they are unable to take those advantage and comfort of urban lifestyle. According to WHO it defines the “street children “as boys and girls aged under 18 years old, for whom “The Street” including unoccupied places and wasteland has become home or their source of livelihood and are inadequately protected or supervised. It is also important to note that the term “Street Children’ also include individual girls and boys of all ages are found living and working in public places and are visible in the great majority of the world’s urban centers. A “Child of street” having no home but the streets. The family may have abandoned him or her or may have no family members alive. It is a common to find the street children at the Bus Stands, Railway Stations, and Traffic Signals etc. women carrying infants and begging. Nowadays, the under passages of the flyovers, metro corridors have become their dwelling places. Not any of the cities or metropolitan areas are exceptions to it. They found in every part of the world. Street children are among the most physically visible of all children, living and working on the roads and public squares of cities. The exact number street children is impossible to quantify, but it is likely to number in the tens of millions or higher, some estimates place in the figure as high as 100 millions. It is likely that the numbers are increasing as the global population grows and as urbanization continues at a pace. In practice, every city in the world has some street children including the biggest and the richest cities by 2015.
Most of the street children are not orphans. Many are still in contact with their families and work on the streets to augment the household income due to poverty. Many others have run away from their homes because of sexual or physical abuse, domestic violence, homelessness etc.The main reason behind this Are :-
1) Neglected children :- Sec.2 (2) of the Children Act 1960 of India defines a “neglected child” as a child who
(i) is found begging
(ii) or is found without having any home or settled place of abode or any ostensible means of subsistence or is found destitute, whether he is an orphan or not
(iii) or has a parent or guardian who is unfit to exercise or does not exercise proper care and control over the child
(iv) or lives in brothel or with a prostitute.
Thus the neglected children are the example of socio-legal issue, which need to be examined.

2) Unwanted children :- who are born outside the wedlock and who are the products of broken homes or relationship.
3) Poverty :- Poverty is also a main reason behind this. When they have not any fundamental object, so they lived as a street boys. According to a study shows that, for most of the children (83%) and their parents are on street due to poverty.

Constitutional provision for safeguard of street children :-
The street children, who form considerable proportion of the world population, are also human beings so need to be cared and protected by all means.
The Constitution of India guarantees several rights to all children. The Special and Guaranteed Articles are:
Article 21.A : The state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six (6) to fourteen (14) years. Article 21 A has been inserted in the Constitution by the constitutes (86th Amendment / Act 2002 with effect from 01-04-2010. The Indian Parliament enacted the Rights of Children to free and Education Act 2009
Article 24 : No child below the age of 14 years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or engaged in any hazardous employment.
Article 39(e) : The state shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing that the health and strength of workers, men and women and the tender age of children are not abused and that citizens are not forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or strength.
Article 39(f) : The state shall in, particular, direct its policy towards securing that children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment.
Article 45 : Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six (6) years. Article 45 was substituted by the Constitution (86th Amendment) Act 2002 with effect from 01-04-2010.
Article 51A (K): Fundamental Duties :- It shall be the duty of every citizen of India (k) “who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or as the case may be ward between the age of six (6) and fourteen (14) years”.
Article 51 A (K) was inserted by the Constitution (86th Amendment/ Act 2002 with effect from 01-04-2010.
Besides the above said articles, some of the Articles of the Constitution provide and guarantee the Rights of the children equally with the citizens of India just as any other adult male or female.

Suggestion to overcome this problem

Street children in India is a socio-legal issue which needs to be tackled carefully. When we met those children we must inform the police, local NGOs, children care homes etc. We must try to make their rights fulfilled. There are some suggestions to minimize this problem:-

Monitoring, review and reform of policies, programs and laws to ensure protection of children’s interests and rights.
Complete abolition of child labour with the aim of progressively eliminating all the forms of economic exploitation of children.
Securing for children all legal and social protection from all kinds of abuse, exploitation and neglect.
Childhood care development and quality education for all children.
Separate vigilance Agency for look out children exploitation, begging, chid physical and sexual abuse etc. Conclusion

The children must be saved because children are most important asset of the country. So it is duty of citizens and society to protect them. Society should come forward against this social evil. We should must create awareness about it and help in ensuring basic rights. Nations should starting at the Mandal or Taluk level and awareness programmes need to be conducted giving , wide publicity holding public meetings, street level group discussion with village elders, conducting film shows, dramas, audio-visual programs etc; highlighting the importance, need to provide, care and protection of the street children. The government should also allocate proper fund for children development and for elementary education. There is need to be start new programmes, scheme and the amendment in law where it needed.

REVEALING YOURSELF✔

Recognize commitment

One of the first and quickest approaches to possess your life is to assume liability for your life. The great, the terrible, the appalling – it’s everything on you! Our points of view, mentalities, responses, emotions, considerations, convictions… these are everything that we control ourselves. This is an astounding thing since it implies that you can make the existence you need since you are in the driver’s seat. “Assuming liability for being actually where you are enables you to be actually where you need to be.

Quit accusing

It’s exceptionally simple to fault here and there, particularly since the majority of us have a type of understanding of being dealt with wrongly or unreasonably as kids. Grown-ups aren’t great, and some of them are absolute screw ups, however we can’t perpetually leave the slip-ups of others alone a reason for us not carrying on with the existence we need. Similarly, we can’t let things like a bombed marriage or an awful past choice have any control over our today. Each morning, you have a fresh start. Nobody can prevent you from being the individual that you need to be or carrying on with the existence you want to live, except if you award them that power.

Forgive

This is an immense errand, generally one that requires a lifetime of rehashing. Clutching past damages just keeps you away from carrying on with the existence you really need. By holding resentment, you are holding negative vitality, which will just harm you. Some of the time, the ones we hold the most feelings of resentment against are ourselves, for past mix-ups and activities we profoundly lament. You can’t carry on with a cheerful life if at some inner mind level you don’t trust you merit one. All that we experience, even the awful, encourages us develop here and there. Pardon others and yourself and rather be appreciative for the exercises you’ve picked up.

Change your demeanor

Your disposition plays more significance on your personal satisfaction than you may might suspect. Ever notice when you have a terrible demeanor that your day just appears to continue deteriorating? This is on the grounds that you’re a bundle of negative vitality strolling around gathering all the more close by negative vitality! At the point when you constrain yourself to be feeling acceptable (and indeed, numerous days it requires power) and you search for the beneficial things in your day, what happens is that you carry all the more beneficial things to you. Try not to squander one more day driving the beneficial things away!

Choose what you need

Have you pondered what you truly need throughout everyday life? Not what your mother needs for you, not what you want to achieve simply because it’s simple, however what you need. On the off chance that cash or situation weren’t an issue, what might your heart generally long to do? Try not to stress in the event that it feels too large for you to accomplish all alone, it likely is. The enchantment of this universe that we live in is that it meets us more than midway when we pursue a fantasy. At the point when we truly recognize what we need and accept we can have it, when we anticipate that it should occur, we set supernatural powers moving that organize the individuals and conditions in our carries on with important to accomplish our fantasy.

Become purposeful

Become purposeful with your time. Execute a day by day schedule. Exceptionally effective individuals are known for following morning schedules each day. A period that you plan for your day first without letting the outside world assault your brain, to compose or peruse your objectives, practice and have a filling breakfast. Fundamentally setting aside effort for you before the day begins so you feel intellectually arranged! Likewise, become purposeful about the sort of individuals and data you let come into your experience. Pessimistic individuals, stories, and articles that advance detest, dread or discussion just variety greater cynicism and drag you down.

Rival nobody

At the point when we’re running a long distance race (and that is the thing that life is, a long distance race, not a race) and we don’t concentrate on our own way since we are excessively bustling checking out us to see where every other person is, we begin to lurch. We begin thinking about whether we’re sufficiently bad, or why beneficial things are occurring to them and not us. Try not to concentrate on any other individual however you. Be thankful for where you are and the things you have accomplished. Consistently is a new beginning to pursue your own fantasies and improve from your yesterday.

Check in with yourself

Stay in contact with yourself all the time. Regardless of whether you don’t possess energy for a morning schedule, take a couple of moments every day to profit by some alone time. Peruse your objectives or expectations for the week. It’s astonishing what we can overlook when we don’t remind ourselves! The coolest thing is thinking back throughout the month and seeing everything you can scratch off your rundown that occurred without you in any event, acknowledging it.

Possessing our lives can appear to be somewhat overpowering from the outset, yet on the off chance that you simply start little and transform everything into a propensity as you come, right away you will start seeing the undeniable and enchanted changes of carrying on with existence with an alternate attitude, and there is no preferred chance to begin once again now!

And lastly, We should stop the blame game which the whole universe plays.

BY GOVIND SAGAR

Terrorism and Business

The first is to make terrorist less devastating and attractive to terrorist decentralization. And the second one which is raise to the opportunity cost and rather than material cost. For terrorist. These alternative strategies will effectively dissuade potential terrorists. It is here argued that not only apply to society as a whole but can also the usefully be applied by the enterprises.

The politics are the always has been the committed to fighting terrorism by using the best dissuaded from attacking through the treat of heavy sanctions and by using police and military forces to the fight them the reaction terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 is a striking example. The American president, changes a War against terrorism, this war has a widely supported by a great many democratic as well as authoritarian countries. This war terrorism is a completely based on the deterrence, Actual and prospective terrorist must be annihilated by killing them without any further and must at least captured , held prisoner, put trial and sentenced to long or indefinite of time, It is expected that such treatment impose such high cost of prospective terrorist that no individual will engage in terrorist future.

History, as well as recent experience suggest, however, that using deterrence in dealing with terrorist is ineffective and may even be counterproductive. The number of terrorist with ineffective counterproductive. The terrorist may increase, rather than decrease. A policy based deterrence have a second disadvantages. It civil and human right in the countries engaged in fighting. Deterrence policy tends to undetermined exactly those value it to protect. Even if deterrence were effective the world may end up significantly less if than before was engaged in the against terrorism.

DECENTRALIZATION – A system with many different center is more stable due to its diversity, enabling any one part to part to sustainable for the form other. When one part of system, enabling any one part to suitable to other. A country that is the negatively affected, one or several part may be take over. A country that is the target of terrorist attack can reduce vulnerability by implementing from of the decentralization.

THE POLICY – The government is undertaking of the benefits are difficult to pinpoint and even more difficulty to measure, particularly because of possible indirect and long term effectsii. A basic problems is identify how much worse off individual would have been the if a deterrence policy had not been adopted. construction such a counterfactual situation is a tricky especially as long term as and macroeconomics as well as macro effect have to be taken into account.

Mental health during the lockdown

THE rise of coronavirus across the globe led to countries introducing methods to curb its physical ramifications. One of the most common modes adopted by nations was mandatory social distancing, lockdowns, closure of educational institutions and offices, public places, etc. The social lives of millions came to a standstill overnight. For instance, in India, on 24^th March 2020, at 8 p.m., the Prime Minister announced a complete nationwide lockdown commencing from midnight. This caused a country of 1.3 billion to launch into survival mode and gave them four hours to gird up their loins for a life-altering reality. The imposition of re-defined social norms, although necessary to control the virus, invisibly affects the mental health of the masses.

Pandemic and mental trauma

The physical symptoms of a person affected by a disease, especially COVID-19, reflect within a fortnight. However, the diagnosis of mental trauma caused due to a pandemic may be prolonged. The rise, subsistence and fall of a pandemic directly impact the mental health of those living through it.

According to Mark Henick, a mental health strategist, when a person faces trauma his nervous system has a “peak” and “valley” response. When the trauma due to a pandemic is thriving, a majority of people throw themselves into survival mode, which is extremely taxing on mental health. People are left with limited time to process the trauma and immediately occupy themselves to get through the unwelcomed incident. This is called the peak response. When the trauma ends, people kick into the valley response, which is reflected through post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and behavioural alterations. It causes people to find methods of disassociating themselves with the trauma experienced.

After the pandemic ends, there is a high probability of exposure to residual stress, depression, financial pressures, the uncertainty of the future, and anxiety of re-engaging with the new definition of “normal”. These additional challenges make it difficult for a person to return to the “baseline” (lifestyle existing prior to the trauma), in the absence of professional help. This proposition stood the test during the SARS outbreak in 2003. A study[i] published in the Canadian Journal of Psychiatry reflected that that one year after the outbreak of SARS-2003, survivors had elevated stress levels, and showed worrying levels of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic symptoms.

The trauma caused due to a pandemic not only adversely impacts the mental health of the individual struggling with it, but also affects his / her immediate social circle. The consequences may include strained inter-personal relations, increase in domestic violence, child abuse, disassociation from existing social groups, and even agoraphobia.

Causes and impact on vulnerable social groups

There cannot be a straightjacket formula to determine whether the mental health of a particular section of society may or may not be adversely impacted due to the outbreak. However, some groups are more vulnerable in comparison to others. For instance, persons with existing mental illnesses would find it more challenging to cope with the pandemic. Similarly, persons who survive the disease may suffer from anxiety of re-entering the society, and the fear of the probable stigma attached to their condition.

Healthcare service personnel and first responders such as police officials, essential service providers, etc. may demonstrate signs of societal withdrawal, increased emotional stress, and depression. Lower-income groups and migrant labourers may suffer from anxiety due to prolonged unemployment, and reduction in means of survival. Persons recovering from alcohol/substance addiction may find mandatory lockdowns to be an additional challenge in their journey towards sobriety.

Excessive exposure to information about the outbreak on social networks, or other media platforms may trigger a person to exhibit irrational behaviour, such as hoarding excessive supplies. Another cause of mental stress is the practice of extreme social distancing instead of physical distancing, which leads to people isolating themselves due to the fear of contracting the disease. The degree of mental trauma may differ from person to person; however, when levels of anxiety reach alarming heights, it is imperative to seek professional / assistance.

The way forward

The world is presently at an active trauma stage, insofar as COVID-19 pandemic is concerned. The battle towards strengthening our community mental health is yet to begin. Fortunately, with increased awareness of methods to cope with psychological issues, the taboo surrounding mental health is on a downward trajectory.

The World Health Organization published a Report suggesting measures to address mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak. It inter alia recommended that individuals must minimize watching, reading or listening to news about COVID-19, and must access news only once or twice a day. The public must amplify positive stories and images of local people who have survived the outbreak. Conscientious steps must be taken to refrain from referring to those diagnosed as “COVID-19 cases” or “victims”, and must identify them as “people recovering from COVID-19”. It is important to separate the identity of a person from the disease, in order to reduce social ostracization.

Similarly, in an attempt to effectively address mental health concerns of Indian citizens during the pandemic, the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India through the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences suggested tips to manage mental health titled “Minding our minds during the COVID-19”. The Ministry uploaded a short video series known as “Lockdown to Knockdown” proposing steps which may be adopted by individuals to overcome emotional or psychological stress. In addition to the above, the Ministry announced a Psycho-Social Toll-Free Helpline number[ii] to ensure access to professional help for those in need.

Dr.Peter Yellowlees, Professor of General Psychiatry at University of California, recommends focusing on physical health, meditation and virtually contacting one’s supportive social network to reduce emotional distress. He suggests that reasonable degrees of anxiety are beneficial, as they ensure conformity to conditions of the lockdown. However, extreme anxiety may cause a person to become agoraphobic. He advises maintaining a schedule to keep anxiety levels in check. Suggestions made by Dr Yellowlees may aid in restricting adverse impact on mental health. However, there can be no substitute for professional medical help.

There is a window of opportunity for the society to implement steps to mitigate the mental health crisis likely to follow the pandemic. In these testing times, it is not a cakewalk to train our minds into following a schedule or participating in productive activity. Nonetheless, taking one step at a time to ensure mental safety and emotional stability at an individual level can contribute to the health of society at large.

Pay-Per-Click Advertising – A Digital marketing strategy

Digital marketing are all marketing activities for a product or service that use an electronic device or the Internet.In this article , we shall look at the PPC (Pay-per-click) strategy extending to affiliate advertising or marketing .

Pay-Per-Click Advertising (PPC)

PPC, or Pay-per-click, is a form of advertising on search engines, like Google and Bing. Basically, it’s the process of buying visits to your site. Pay-per-click marketing deals with paid search results on Google (i.e) It’s a way of moving to the top of search engine results pages by paid means (sponsored) unlike optimizing the website for organic search ,as in SEO. It’s called PPC because your ad account is charged every time one of your advertisements is clicked. The cost of each ad, or CPC (cost per click), depends on your industry ,the quality score of your website and the keywords to be targeted. This type of digital marketing demands a thorough analysis of keywords, especially those that are relevant to your business. You can use the Google Keyword Planner and Google AdWords to carry out your research and arrive on a set of keywords that are popular yet cost-effective for you.

When you put out a PPC ad, there’s usually little to no upfront cost. If a customer clicks on your ad, you pay a minimal cost. If no one clicks on it, then you pay nothing. This makes it attractive for small businesses who are on a limited budget. PPC is sort of like a paid version of SEO. You actually bid for advertising space for certain keywords on search engines. The bidding process involves few aspects that the advertiser should prioritise: Bid amount , Quality of advert , Formats (video , display advert , including various extensions) and Expected clickthrough rate (CTR). These combine to give advertisements an ‘Ad Rank.’ The Ad Rank is compared to competing advertisements to determine where the advertisement is placed.

How it Works

PPC is one of the types of paid search. It’s similar to SEM (search engine marketing) but can also include display advertising (cost-per-click based), and affiliate advertising.

Through tools like Google AdWords, PPC works on finding keywords that your website will perform well, and dependent on the competition, CPC is determined. Through bidding on keywords, against competitors, your ad appears in relevant search results and will charge you if a user clicks on your ad.

Both SEO and PPC campaigns can be tracked or measured using the supremely handy Google Analytics tool.

Strategy

Many of the businesses use both short-term and long-running PPC campaigns. PPC campaigns can be a short-term solution, and many use it to shift products or seasonal deals, as a way to boost revenue. SEO work is about your ranking being ‘earned’, but in PPC your ranking on the first page is bought. Small businesses may not be able to go for this digital marketing method, especially for longer periods.

PPC can also extend to affiliate marketing and ads on other sites.

Influencer/Affiliate Marketing

It is a type of online advertising through networking which includes influencers to endorse and make reference to your products. The concept of affiliate marketing is similar to the sales based on commission. Organizations provide custom links to their affiliates. Affiliates earn a specific commission every time someone purchases products through their custom link. Influence marketing could be considered a modern way of affiliate marketing.

A fantastic way to increase your audience is to get someone with a following to endorse your brand. If you can get a celebrity or a well known personality person to endorse your brand online, you will create a pathway between their audience and yours, creating an interest among their audience to investigate your product or service further. Affiliate marketing involves a partnership with an online retailer where you earn a commission from every sale or lead (chance of becoming a potential buyer) that you bring in. The two most common ways of doing this are:

Offering a unique discount code to their readers/followers
Linking to your website from their content website

Whenever a user plugs in the discount code or clicks on the link, you pay your affiliate partner for the website traffic/sale. The most popular affiliate network is Amazon Associates, but there are also affiliate marketing programs with eBay, Shopify, and other e-commerce sites.It’s a win-win in most cases. You outsource some of your marketing, reach a new target audience in niche communities, calculate and discuss your cost-per-click/sale , and only pay for actual conversions. In return, your partners get to earn a passive income with no upfront cost and very little stress.

Affiliate marketing refers to the process of paying for conversions. This means there is no upfront cost to affiliate marketing. Many bloggers or e-commerce websites use affiliate marketing.

Influencer marketing is among the newer types of digital marketing. Influencer marketing uses people with an enormous online reach considered experts by your target market to drive traffic and sales.Influencer marketing is popular on social media channels like Instagram and Snapchat. Companies hire Instagrammers with large followings to promote their brand by posting one or more photos with the product. Always make sure to do your research on an influencer before you decide to do business with them.Many companies work with such influencers to create brand awareness and convert at least some of their huge fan following into profitable leads for themselves. Many others let affiliates or brand representatives reach out to a varied demographic and generate sales.

Display Advertising :

This form of advertising refers to the process of advertising a product or service through visuals like images and videos on networks of publisher websites such as the Google Display Network and Facebook etc.

Display ads are placed on relevant third-party websites in the form of banner, image and text ads. Display advertising is pretty much a blanket term that includes every visual ad placed on a website. A display ad, or banner ad, is the box or ‘banner’ on a website that stands out from the rest of the website and looks distinctly like an ad. For example, it often features a product image, brand, and call-to-action (CTA).Display ads can range from simple static image banners , GIF ads , animated HTML ads to videos and interactive applications. But one thing remains the same: when clicked on by a viewer they link back to a company’s website, or a dedicated landing page. The main purpose of display advertising is to deliver general advertisements and brand messages to site visitors.

Conclusion :

PPC is one of the types of paid search. It’s similar to SEM (search engine marketing) but can also include display advertising (cost-per-click based), and affiliate advertising. Many bloggers or e-commerce websites use affiliate marketing. Display ads can range from simple static image banners , animated ads to videos and interactive applications.Depending on the budget and the type of business, this marketing strategy can be used for a shorter or longer term.

Please do check out the following link to explore further about this topic :

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pay-per-click

WORLD WAR III !!!!!

Yes, you have hear right….WORLD WAR III and you know what, among which countries this will going to happen??? This WORLD WAR III will take place between all the countries and guess regarding what this will going to happen????…… I tell you the main reason for the WORLD WAR III will be WATER. yes water is always been an important and necessary thing to us… for us water is just a thing , ask those people who have to walk in kms to get the water , ask those who have to stand up in a long queue in sunny and once the water get finished in the tank then they have to return to their home with sad faces…they have to face daily- daily quarrels, there is always a long queue in small towns , there a lot of people and the source of water is just one tap!!!!….. Ask those women who have to walk in sunny even though they are pregnant ….. and you know what… all either it is man or woman both have to struggle a lot for water in all the seasons either it is winter/summer/rainy…..first they have to search a lot for their ROZI ROTI and then they have to do all the efforts for WATER….for them water is not just a thing !!!…for them water is an EMOTION… they know very well what the true value of water is, because they have to pay their sweat, time, feelings….to get water…

India is not a water scarce country. Along with having major rivers, we receive an average annual rainfall of 1170 millimetres. But lack of sensitization with regard to both conservation of water and pollution of water sources has resulted in a large part of the population for whom water has become more of a curse than a boon. Infrastructure for storage of water must be developed properly to ensure that people have access to safe water across the country, said Dr. Narayan G. Hegde, Trustee of the BAIF Development Research Foundation and author of the report ‘Water Scarcity in India.
Water supply in India has two principal sources, namely water from rivers and groundwater. However, the rivers are shrinking because of pollution and industrialization, while the population keeps growing, pushing us towards an enormous water deficit.

Rampant pollution, dumping of sewage waste and abuse of the rivers has led to large sections of important rivers like Ganga and Yamuna becoming unfit for use. Take for instance, the Ganga, which flows through 11 states of India and provides water to more than 500 million people.

Many parts of the Ganga in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have become completely unfit for use because of incessant waste disposal, ranging from dead bodies and to industrial waste. Earlier the water in many parts of these two states could be consumed and used for other purposes, but pollution has rendered the river water completely useless, said Vikas Chandra, an activist who has been campaigning for a pollution free Ganga for the last 19 years.

Safe drinking water, a basic amenity has become a luxury in many Indian households, especially in semi-urban and rural areas. Official figures show that each day, approximately 500 million liters of wastewater from industrial sources is dumped into the Ganga. The Yamuna, similarly receives 850 million gallons of sewage every day from Delhi alone. For those who are dependent on groundwater sources, the presence of arsenic in the eastern belt in the Ganga-Brahmaputra region poses equally dangerous threats.

Arsenic is a major problem, especially for people residing in the Ganga-Brahmaputra belt in eastern India. Arsenic laden water has many adverse health effects and affects over 900 million people in India. With India’s rivers becoming more polluted with every passing day, the dependency on groundwater resources is increasing. But steps must be taken to ensure that people do not end up using arsenic laden water, as that would be more harmful than beneficial, said K.B. Biswas, Chairman, Central Ground Water Board.

ACTION TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT-
Several initiatives have been undertaken to deal with the water crisis looming ahead of India, both by government and non-government bodies. In 2014, the 20,000 crore Namami Gange program was announced by the Union Government. It is a holistic program that not focuses on cleaning the Ganga, along with setting up biodiversity centers, crematoriums and toilets along the river banks to reduce pollution in the river.
Cleaning up rivers is not the only solution India should look at, as rainwater and groundwater resources of India are also facing risk.
Data collected from the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation states that 45,053 villages had access to piped water and hand pumps by the end of 2016-17, accounting for 64.19 per cent of India. Almost 19,000 villages across the country still do not receive regular water supply.
In 2015, a report by the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation stated that though India receives an average annual rainfall of 1170 mm, poor storage infrastructure allows it to store only 6 per cent of rainwater, compared to 250 per cent stored by developed nations.

Rainwater storage and harvesting is still not a regular practice in India. In 2001, the Tamil Nadu government made it compulsory for each household to have rainwater harvesting infrastructure and the results reflected in the improvement of overall water quality within 5 years. A similar experiment has been tried out in the cities of Bangalore and Pune, where housing societies are required to harvest rainwater.

So, these are the reports…. Government is doing what is in its hands and this is our responsibility to corporate with government and make every cleaning water mission successful.
Here we have talk about only India so now just think how many countries are facing this situation, how many countries are in red zone…….and if the whole world will not united to conserve water then one day we will face the situation like war for WATER.

ANOTHER POINT

Actually there is ENOUGH water on our earth, God has given us a lot of water and we all know that 70% of the earth is covered by water but still people are dying with the thirst ,why????….. Because we are fail to conserve it, to use it in right direction…. Water is present but the problem is drinking water is not present… Because we all want to drink the so called MINERAL WATER but no one put their efforts to keep it mineral, to keep it hygienic, and to keep it safe for the future generation. We can see it in ourselves, in our surroundings that what we have done for water???? Nothing Na!!!! If someone says to us that we should use limited water, we should use it in that quantity in which we need it, we just don’t waste it …. Then what we do what kind of response we give to them??….. We say to them that they just mind their own business and of course, what they have done so they are saying it to us!!!!!…. RIGHT!!!!…

Before saying it to them we should peek out into ourselves rather saying them bad words… we should initiate to keep the water clean and encourage everyone to do so…only if we want… that the clean water will remain available for us as well as for our future generations. NOW THIS IS THE TIME WE ALL HAVE TO WAKE UP WE HAVE TO DO SOMETHING REGARDING THIS OTHERWISE IT WILL BE TOO LATE …TOO LATE….

Pomeranian dog breeds

The little Pomeranians are cute and fierce dogs which have come to become a household pet. They are highly affectionate, require minimum space, active, have the agility and turn out to be great family companions. As pets, they are highly devoted towards their owners and their small size should not be taken for granted, as they still possess a big-dog attitude. The Pomeranian affectionately referred to as “Pom”, is the smallest member of the spitz family. It is believed that they have been named after the Pomeranian region in north-west Poland and north-east Germany. The pom dog comes in many radiant colors such as red, orange, white with black being the most common. They make very good companions to old people. One of the advantages of having such a diminutive sized pet is that it requires low maintenance and can be easily kept in homes that lack a backyard. Despite their small-sized, they are known to have very loud barks imitating an intimidating persona.

Due to their small size, they require a small amount of food as well. The diet of the dog mainly depends on the size and activity level. The poms are an overly enthusiastic breed but it can be easy to overfeed them. The recommended amount is ¼ to ½ cup of high-quality dry food per day which should be protein-rich, otherwise, they may experience digestive issues. It is best if divided into two meals. Supplements like boiled chopped liver or chicken can be excellent sources of proteins and vitamins.

Pomeranian personality can be described as a bundle of joy. The tiny creatures are a wild bunch of enthusiastic, people-friendly breed and possess certain character traits which makes them completely different from other breeds.Though they have a high tendency to be stubborn, they are smart enough to be trained properly. They make excellent watchdogs as they always remain vigilant of their surroundings and can easily detect the changes.

In all, they make lively and playful companions. Some of the puppies are genuinely friendly while some may have a temperament. These poms can be made to socialize early so that they grow up to be well-rounded. Some poms may have a habit of barking a lot which can be a cause of annoyance for the people around them. That is why there is a need to train them well, similar to other dog breeds. It is not a good choice for children since they may not respond well if mishandled.

Every breed of dogs has its benefits as well as disadvantages. If one is new to being a pet owner, Pomeranians can be a good choice. They can be your best friend if they are trained well enough.

Why You think You Aren’t Good Enough

Many of us have days and times when we think…we just aren’t good enough. We think that whatever efforts or hardwork we put in, we just can’t reach there. People may think that they are the weird ones for thinking like that. But in reality, most of at some point of our lives feel that way.

We tend to be most unforgiving of our own faults and mistakes. This is why we often sometimes hear the phrase that we can be our worst enemies. It is because our thoughts constantly express how we are flawed and are at fault all the time.

Let’s see what are the several ways that lead us to thinking so.

We compare us with others. It’s no mystery that everyone’s lives, situations and personalities are different. No two people are exactly the same. Everyone’s chapters of their books are different. Then, why is it that we forget this small but important detail when we critically compare ourselves with others? We must remember that there’s always going to be someone smarter, richer, prettier than us. So are we going to make our own lives miserable for constantly thinking about things that the other person has or are we going to be thankful for what we currently have? Chances are that the person we are envious of, is actually envious of us. They might wish that they had something we have! So we will always be miserable if we get stuck in this endless cycle of constant comparison.

Talking down to ourselves. By doing this, we allow our insecurities and fears get the best of us. It ultimately makes us overthink and feel like we just aren’t capable of doing something. We often have cruel and discouraging thoughts from time to time. We forget that these are just thoughts. In reality, we ourselves have the capability of deciding to think what we want to think. More importantly, don’t be so quick to believe everything you think. Because our thoughts are dynamic in nature. So if we are having negative thoughts, and we put in just a little bit of effort and be a little bit optimistic, these same negative thoughts will change into the positive ones.

Our worst traits don’t define who we are. We all have flaws. We all have some positive traits too. But sometimes, we think that our worst traits define us. For example, I may be horrendous at maths to the point of having to take a retest. But at the same time, I am really good at history so much so that I received a scholarly certificate for that. Now it’s up-to me, whether I want to crib about being bad at maths and stay negative or think about my positive traits and push myself to the extent that I become unbeatable at history. We always have the choice of thinking about our traits in a positive and negative light. We must remember that we are always in control of what we think. Being kind to yourself is just as important as being kind to others.

You are always enough. We are always a work in progress till the very moment we die. As long as we have a will to improve ourselves and become a better version of ourselves, we are always enough. We don’t have to be so harsh on ourselves because everyone has imperfections. Everyone has flaws. But that does not mean that we have to be cruel towards ourselves to the extent that we start believing our thoughts of being ‘worthless’. Because you are definitely worth it.

So, what point did you relate with the most? That is the one you have to work on. Take your time. The only person who you owe any explanation is you. Be who you truly are instead of hiding away your insecurities in a box. Because true happiness, is not just a destination it’s the road of getting through which you ultimately loving yourself.

CHILD TRAFFICKING

Children….in our country there is a saying that “BACCHE BHAGWAAN KA ROOP HOTE HAIN”….. but there are some people who thought that making money and more money is the only thing in this world they just don’t think about humanity, love, affection, respect, care…. they just compare everything to money, they can do anything for money there are several crimes like murder, human trafficking, rape, robbery, assault and the list is too long…..

As we know that there is no connection between the criminal and the feelings they just do crime either it is with old, young, woman, man, child. But there are some hilarious crimes which takes place with children like CHILD ABUSE, CHILD TRAFFICKING (the part of human trafficking), KIDNAPPING and many more….

According to a report by the National Human Rights Commission of India, 40,000 children are abducted each year, leaving 11,000 untraced.

NGO’s estimate that between 12,000 and 50,000 women and children are trafficked into the country annually from neighboring nations as a part of the sex trade.

Every year, 44,000 children fall into the clutches of gangs. Though most of the trafficking occurs within the country, there is also a significant number of children trafficked from Nepal and Bangladesh. There are many different causes that lead to child trafficking, with the primary reasons being poverty, weak law enforcement, and a lack of good quality public education. The traffickers that take advantage of children can be from another area in India, or could even know the child personally. Children who return home after being trafficked often faces shame in their communities, rather than being welcomed home.

There are several crimes are increasing so government of India has taken legal actions against it and many missions are also going on to save the children.

ACTION TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA-

India has ratified the SAARC Convention on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Women and Children for Prostitution as well as United Nations Convention on Transnational Organized Crime (UNCTOC) which has as one of its Protocols Prevention, Suppression and Punishment of Trafficking in Persons, particularly Women and Children.
Recently Ministry of women and child development unveils first ever anti-human trafficking law and also for the first time, the National Crime Record Bureau’s Crime in India report included data on trafficking investigations, prosecutions, and convictions. Government also providing fund for rehabilitation and other issues of the victims of human trafficking.
A MOU was signed was between India and Bangladesh for Prevention of Human Trafficking in Women and Children, Rescue, Recovery, Repatriation and Re-integration of Victims of Trafficking
In 2003, India enforced the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, which includes three protocols, specifically the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children.
On a national level, Article 23 of the Constitution of India explicitly bans human trafficking. The Government of India has also passed other acts and amended the Indian Penal Code (IPC) to address the challenge of child trafficking. The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1986 (ITPA) is an amended version of The Suppression of Immoral Traffic in Women and Girls Act, 1956 (SITA). SITA made human trafficking for prostitution illegal and outlined legal action against people involved in human trafficking in any capacity. ITPA made laws friendlier towards the victim. ITPA also created a system to rehabilitate victims of trafficking and prevent them from bring trafficked again. In 2013, the IPC was amended to create new provisions to address human trafficking in India that are more in line with the UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children.
CRY is a critically acclaimed and internationally recognized NGO. It is a genuine and transparent organization which fights for children’s rights and protect them. CRY is the best medium one can get to the grass root level and uplift children. CRY is by far most trusted NGO in India.

By the action taken by government of India against the child trafficking we hope that the number of crimes decrease day by day…..

ANOTHER POINT….

I just want to ask why it is happening in our society… and why these crimes with children are going on…there are a lot of schemes , lot of plans , for better education, for better living, for better life.. Which are organized by government of India but the sad reality is… don’t know how many from us just don’t know about these plans & schemes!!!!!!! For this we can assign work to NGOs and other organizations which can just better execute this work by increasing their network in those areas where the reachability is less and get aware them about everything, and also help them to connect with all…….

Hobbies I took up during quarantine

Quarantine period gave me enough time to take up some hobbies. Some of them are:

WRITING: Writing is one of the activities I am loving the most right now. I was not very well versed with words when I spoke so I took to writing instead. It gave me enough time to gather my thoughts and pen them down on a sheet of paper. I always did it as a hobby since it made me happy. My interest in writing basically arose from when I started reading books. It initiated my thinking process and my ideas finally found an outlet in the form of writing. The best part about writing is the amount of variety and variability one can get from it. One can easily express themselves. Nowadays, I write about my day in my journal and also, what I expect from the next day.

PAINTING: Another thing that I picked up is painting. I have always loved art, so I finally tried to make some brush strokes and my attempt made me happy. Indulging in creative activities has finally stirred up my mind to think something out of the box as well.

BINGE-WATCHING: I have also utilized my time to finally catch up on new TV series, movies and K-dramas. There is a lot of content to choose from and makes up a good time-pass. This also makes up for fun. Having movie-time with your family with all the snacks ready gives a cinema-like vibe.

COOKING: Photos and videos of people on Instagram trying out new recipes also inspired me to try my hand at cooking. This one is a bit hard for me but I am learning a lot. Cooking should not only be a hobby but is a necessity since one can’t always order delivery.

FINDING NEW MUSIC: Music is comfort for soul. I have tried finding different genres of music and discovered some hidden gems. Now I have a personalized playlist for every activity of mine.

There are a lot of things one can do while sitting at home during quarantine. Get your creative minds working and try to develop new skills. But don’t be under pressure to do something productive all the time since rest and time for yourself is equally important.

The Digital Divide

It is dangerously destabilizing to have half the world on the cutting edge of technology while the other half struggles on the bare edge of survival.

– William J. Clinton

It’s the knowledge gap created when one group of people have greater access to digital resources (computers, smartphones, the internet) and so are better informed, better educated and across new developments more quickly than people who either don’t have these things, or have limited access. Needless to say, the end result is increasing inequality between the ‘haves’ and the ‘have nots’ as knowledge is today’s primary currency.

This divide between rural and urban India stems from economic inequality. Sixty-seven million Indians who comprise the poorest half see only 1 per cent increase in their wealth, and 63 million Indians are pushed into poverty because of increasing healthcare costs, every year. It would take 941 years for a minimum-wage worker in rural India to earn what a top-paid executive earns in a year. The problem of the digital divide is also presents itself as a symptom that points us to a much deeper problem in our economic development. And this is a problem that characterizes both the developed and underdeveloped nations in the world. Once the economic challenges of low education levels, poor infrastructure development, and low quality of life/ income levels are addressed, the digital divide will be eliminated.

The digital divide means the ‘haves’ have internet access, unrestricted internet access, fast internet access, 24/7. They can get into the greatest minds (and most insane stupidity) the world has ever created, whenever they feel like it, from the comfort of their couch, bed, cafe table, etc. Poorer people may not have this. They might have a computer but it’s an old one and has issues, if they have internet at home, it’s likely a plan with a data limit, it may have slower times, especially if it’s being shared among a large number of people. And if they don’t have internet at home, then they’re reliant on free Wi-Fi where ever they can scrounge it in order to find the answers to their questions, complete their schoolwork and so on. And so, the ‘haves’ have information (the new world currency) at their fingertips and continue to move forward and up. The relative ‘have-nots’ lag, fall behind and struggle. Strikes me as a pretty serious disadvantage. The digital divide is predicted to an alternate and more severe form in the next ten years.

Contemporary ways need to be developed to tackle this issue as the challenges it presents now are completely different from the challenges it presented ten ten years ago. This is because as technology innovates at an increased rate over time the gap between those who take advantage of it and who do not widen. The issue is now less about the access to technology because people across socio-economic groups have access via smartphones. The new challenge is that is they are not aware of the value proposition that today’s services avail to them then they will never take advantage of them. The biggest assumption is that everyone has equal knowledge of how today’s digital platforms can benefit them. So there are no real efforts to educate the disconnected.

For the digital divide to be eliminated, the affordability of accessing internet has to be increased. To combat is ‘participation inequality’, where users lack the skills to use it, the public needs to be educated on the benefits and value of utilizing the internet and the various resources within it to achieve economic and social growth. To encourage internet adoption in remote places, local content and applications need to be developed in local languages that can be understood by the local populace. Thus, relevance of online content needs to be improved. Lastly, the internet infrastructure needs to be developed through proper planning and implementation.

If necessary measures are not taken, the existing socioeconomic gap will keep widening with digital illiteracy. The only mechanism to tackle the situation is by teaching computer science, a subject of equal relevance among sciences and maths at the grassroots as well. As of now, it remains an elective subject.

Screenshot_20200717-171240_Chrome — The digital divide.

Social Media Has Turned Into A Breeding Ground for Toxicity

Social Media is great – no contesting that. It’s a tool for self-empowerment, it’s a way to express yourself, it’s a way to stay connected with your inner circle….all of that. But what happens when the noise of social media becomes so intense that it overpowers your life? Unfortunately, that’s what social media has become for many people today. There’s everything from the infamous cancel culture, fleeting news trends, and fake influencers, to the body dysmorphia faced mostly by women users…..the list goes on.

Being a social media user myself, I find it disturbing how petty and superficial our reliance on social media has become. Instead of developing our personalities through real life experiences, we have developed digital walls. Walls filled with ideas of perfectionism and unrealistic standards of life. I’m still mind blown that we once lived in a world where social media was just another piece of entertainment. Now, it seems to be a necessity to function in life. You are not cool unless you have social media. If you don’t, you are deemed a social outcast. Life is not a picture, nor can it be summarized in a bunch of captions. We are not one-dimensional people, yet we are glued to boxes with snippets of other people’s lives. We wake up first thing in the morning checking our notifications to see how many likes and comments we’ve garnered. This was me, and I know this is a lot of you out there too. But at the end of the day, does of any this matter? If we as a community rely on digital acceptance to function as human beings, then it’s really just disappointing. Our happiness should not be defined by social media, let alone a heart or like. Social media is harmful to us, especially to the younger generation.

We as a society rely on digital acceptance to function as human beings. Nowadays, we can’t take a photo without some sort of embellishment, the “right” angle, or even a filter. We’ve been convinced that anything less than perfect is a flaw, and thus unacceptable. Curves, lips, accomplishments, awards, etc. define beauty and success. If it’s not an already altered image of our self, it’s one of something as trivial as food. But for what? To make someone jealous? Does happiness really need to come through the acceptance of others with a single like on a post? Our intentions on posting may be harmless, but our mind set is so focused on the opinions of other people. When are we going to focus on ourselves? Doing things for ourselves, because of what we want and need regardless of what other people may think.

Social media also enables commoditizing social status via likes is detrimental to mental health.
It’s disheartening to see what social media has done to our society. Nothing feels genuine anymore. A picture is taken to be posted on Snapchat. A video to be shared on our story. An activity because it’s popular on Instagram. We read posts on a person’s Facebook and assume to know their whole life.

Today’s social publishing environment rewards sensationalized content, thereby damaging healthy relationships online. These platforms reward “engagement” by highlighting highly liked posts more prominently in newsfeeds, accustomizing social media users to attempting to post that sensationalized content themselves. This attention-seeking behavior has left people vulnerable to dangerous propaganda and influence campaigns.

Social media is not life, instead, at this point, it has evolved into a wall. What was once a seemingly harmless platform, then, has now evolved into a powerful machine that, due to confusing hate speech and privacy policies, has set dangerous precedents for the future of social media.

At the end of the day, we need to come to the realization that social media doesn’t define us, but it should represent who we are.

Screenshot_20200717-165445_Chrome — Social Media has turned into a breeding ground for toxicity.

Photonics in fruit grading

Fruit commercialization is adopting the scientific method and detecting, grading,
packaging the fruits on the basis of comprehending the physiology metabolism law,
protecting and improving the quality, and achieving the change from the elementary
raw material to high added-value commodity. Nowadays, reducing the consumption
of post-harvest fruit is the most concerned question for the world agricultural trade. It
was reported that the consumption of post-harvest fruit in developed countries accounted for the 15-20% of the total amount. China is the world’s largest fruits and vegetable production country. The breeding, culturing, and pest control was paid
much attention, however, the post-harvest processing technology was neglected, the
question of detecting, grading, transporting, preservation was not solved, so the lost of
post-harvest fruits and vegetables in circulation was huge, the loss ratio was
30%~40% every year.

Spectroscopy_Spectrometers

With the rapid development of science and technology and computer vision technique
to the development of agricultural field, new methods of non-destructive detection for
fruit quality were provided. The main methods included optical properties, sonic vibration, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), machine vision technique, electrical properties detection, computed tomography and electronic noses technique and so on.

In recent years, fruits (of any variety) has become one of the most dependable organic product produced by farmers across the world; this lived much to its expectation as it serves not only for direct consumption, but also as a raw material for other products. Organic products grading and sorting is a vital procedure for producers, which influences the natural products quality assessment and export market. Despite the fact that the grading and sorting can be and has always been done by human, it is slow, tedious and prone to error, hence the need to evolve a smart fruit grading and sorting machine system. Researchers, at various level had come up with various designs with different algorithms for fruit grading by utilizing textural and morphological elements to distinguish the healthy fruits from the defected ones. Subsequently, these features, otherwise known as optical sorting, is the automated process of sorting solid products using sensors. Such sensors utilize product driven knowledge of the picture preparing system, by detecting the colour of fruits, shape and other auxiliary properties. The sensor (sorter) compares fruits based on client’s characterized acknowledgment to distinguish, sort and expel defected fruits and other foreign material from the creation line or to isolate result of various evaluations.

HR Measures to Manage Supply Chain Disruption due to COVID-19

Supply chain disruptions create scary and uncertain times for businesses. Sometimes, these disruptions are small and localized, it may affect only a few business or industries. But when the supply chain is disrupted by local events like natural disasters, global events (like pandemics), suddenly the magic seems like it was all smoke and mirrors.
A supply chain management could be defined as- “It is any sudden change or crisis which negatively impacts any process”.
The COVID-19 global pandemic has caused a major upheaval in the supply chains of many businesses in the world. “In a study, almost 75% of the 628 businesses surveyed had experienced supply chain disruptions as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. In this same survey, 57% of respondents said they were facing longer lead times for orders with suppliers in China. (Institute for Supply Management)”
The spread of COVID-19 has become a top risk for supply chain managers which is now being felt across the multiple industries and businesses. This impact has become global in nature ad is very challenging for the managers to model and evaluate.
So, here some measures should be taken by HR Managers to manage the supply chain:

Recommending some short actions-

Material criticality- To focus and to understand the material criticality in order to assess how production process may be impacted and made more efficient. Material criticality is going to be an essential factor in the industrial production process.

Transportation mode and supply demand balance- By evaluating using other modes of transportation to reduce replenishment times. Focusing on balancing of supply and demand by building buffer stock as necessary.

Supplier- Centric Procurement- Moving towards a supplier centric approach to procurement, hence, this practice drive 26% more savings than focusing solely on price reductions. This will allow integrate towards environment, contribute to business, product and category innovation.

Supplier diversification- Diversifying the sources can be the safety net that will ensure cutting edge products and service availability. Another benefit is being able to have a database of qualified suppliers, enabling opportunity in a variety of scenarios.
By analyzing the prices, location, and range of goods provided by each supplier. It just not about to have multiple sources. It encourages businesses to connect with smaller suppliers. Considerations should be given to dual sourcing for critical components.

Supplier stabilization- Support suppliers, contracts and relationships with manufacturing closer to the point of purchase. Explore the strategies to “buy where you make, and make where you sell.”
Supply chain risk monitoring- Utilizing the risk evaluation and monitoring tools that use machine learning techniques to predict patterns that indicate the exposure to various risks.

Recommending some long actions-

Identify and repair broken links in the supply chain- Companies need to maintain regular contact with suppliers regarding their capability to deliver goods and services. Most companies are likely to experience significant disruptions and throughout the duration of the COVID-19 crisis.
Reimagining the supply chain model, leverage digital ecosystems and market networks, and enable newer forms of collaboration to work around disrupted supply chains.

Conduct a scenario planning and develop action plans- Once the initial impacts of the crisis are mitigated, it’s all about foreseeing the next ‘when’. The leaders and managers can take a proper planning and develop all the actions which are to be performed. Organization routinely complete financial plans to ensure they achieve organizational goals.
For example, coordinating assets to optimize the delivery of goods, services from supplier to customer and balancing the demand and supply. Proper collaborative planning which should include forecasting and replenishment
Most important to make the move to real time supply chain planning, anticipate the demand of the end customer. Example, based on the previous year’s numbers, a company can estimate the number of products it will sell in the next quarter. But what is a disruption leading to too little supply on the shelves? So, with a proper real time solution, it can be created scenarios and plan more effectively so the one is ready for any disruptions.

Tackle strategic and concentrated supplies- So, tackling strategic and concentrated supplies with the high value of risk where internal risk capabilities to absorb, such as alternative sources, routes, inventory and cash reserves which aren’t sufficient to mitigate any disruption. So, being fully prepared there might open new opportunities when the next disruption comes around.
For Example, in a company there is a HR strategy with HR mission statement with vision and some disruption caused while not keeping those points in mind and also not maintaining a proper conduct with the suppliers so, by keeping these words in mind a manager have to concrete with high level actions about how to execute and tackling the situation and creating a proper conduct with the suppliers.

Keep expenses in check and have backups for budget deficits- Firstly, determine how the crisis affects budgets and the business plans. If the impact is material and former budget assumptions and business plans are no longer relevant, remain agile and revise them properly. Secondly, keeping proper records so that afterwards there is no problem and if there is any disruption there should be a proper back up plan for future.
Where the business is significantly impacted, consider minimum operating requirements , including key dependencies of workforce, location and technology. At the same time, review overall operating costs and consider slowing down all nonessential expenses.

Conclusion

For a lot of organization, the highly impacted regions are at the heart of many global supply chains. Although it is very difficult to predict the exact consequences of COVID-19, organizations have to plan for material shortages which are routed from logistical hubs impacted areas.
To survive the business even in the event of crisis HR managers have to kept these points in their mind so that there is no problem in the future or any crisis is there. One should addresses employees well being too.

More LCA Tejas for the IAF

Tejas is an LCA (Light Combat Aircraft) designed by HAL (Hindustan Aeronautics Limited) for the Indian Air Force and Indian Navy. The HAL Tejas is an Indian single-engine, fourth-generation, multirole light fighter. It came from the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) program, which began in the 1980s to replace India’s aging MiG-21 fighters. In 2003, the LCA was officially named “Tejas”. It was developed as a replacement for older Mig-21 Aircraft.

As of 2019, the Indian Air Force has planned for a total of 324 Tejas in several variants. The first batch of 40 Mark 1 aircraft consists of 16 Initial Operational Clearance (IOC) standards that were delivered in early 2019. The delivery of the second batch of 16 Full Operational Clearance (FOC) standard aircraft commenced in late 2019 and led to the formation of the second Tejas squadron — No. 18 Squadron IAF Flying Bullets — in Sulur on 27 May 2020. The IAF will also go on to receive eight twin-seat trainers. The next 83 are to be to the upgraded Mark 1A standard. By the time these first 123 are delivered, the Tejas Mark 2 is expected to be ready for series production by 2025–26.

Recent news says that India is likely to finalize the INR 40,000 crore contract for 83 Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas jets, 20% cheaper from previously quoted price, next February at DefExpo-2020 event in Lucknow city, Uttar Pradesh state. In November 2016, Defense Acquisition Council (DAC), India’s highest decision-making body on procurement, approved the purchase of Tejas Mark-1A fighters by the IAF at a cost of Rs 50,025 crore. Subsequent negotiations between defense ministry, Indian Air Force (IAF), and manufacturer Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) have helped bring down the price of the jets from INR 50,025 crore to INR 40,000 crore, Indian media reported late last week. “The draft contract of the deal has been readied by the HAL and the cost of the deal has now come down to around Rs 40,000 crore. This is Rs 10,000 crore less than the Acceptance of Necessity given by the Defense Ministry in 2016,” defense sources said. In December 2017, the IAF had issued a single-vendor tender to the HAL for procuring 83 LCA, but the negotiations and other related issues have been going on since then mainly due to issues over the price.

The aircraft will have improved serviceability, faster weapon-loading time, enhanced survivability, a better electronic warfare suite, an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar that will significantly enhance its capability. The Centre for Military Airworthiness and Certification (CEMILAC) had provided the Final Operational Clearance to the Tejas LCA earlier this year during Aero India in Bengaluru approving its capabilities including beyond visual range air-to-air and air-to-ground attack capabilities as well as longer endurance through mid-air refueling. In a previous order, the IAF had signed a deal with the HAL for 40 Tejas LCAs. So far, around 18 LCAs have been delivered to the IAF from the previous order.

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CHILD SOLDIERS

Currently, 46 countries still recruit and train children under 18 years old. Children as young as 8 years old fight are the front lines act as spies, or supply weapons or lookouts or messengers or as suicide bombers or sexually exploited by the armies or non-state armed groups. Some of these children are either kidnapped or are forced to join these armed forces. Many are forced to join them because of financial constraints and social reasons; many are recruited by offering children with money or drugs. Many girls are kidnapped and kept as sex slaves by the male fighters. These children are trained in weaponry to fight and are exposed to violent crimes that affect them mentally. Underage girls are recruited as sex slaves by male fighters. Currently, there are an estimated 250000 child soldiers in the world.

WHY CHILDREN ARE RECRUITED AS SOLDIERS –

Despite the many drawbacks that children have they are more mouldable and can be indoctrinated easily. There are also many other reasons that children join the armed forces. Many join due to their financial backgrounds as they have to provide or make a contribution to their family, some join as their belief that the armed forces can keep them safe, lack of employment opportunities and poverty leads them to become child soldiers. Other children may be threatened or deceived into joining them by bribing the children with the hope of new friends or drugs. While others join on their own accord. Children who join on their own will join due to avenge their families or honor of fighting.

Effects on the children–

Children who join these armed forces and groups are involved in violent initiation traditions where they kill their family members or friends to show loyalty to the group. Such kind of violent acts strains the relationship they have with their community and scar them mentally. Many of these children are trained to fight along the front lines or given secondary roles such as spies or cooks or messengers. Regardless of their job prescription, children are mentally affected. Many children have zero access to education and safe living conditions. Many children have psychological disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, higher risk of violent behavior, high risk of suicide, and anti-social behavior. Girls are made into sex slaves and are violently assaulted and raped. They suffer from pre and post-pregnancy difficulties from rape. Rape affects girls mentally and physically. Due to unhygienic living conditions where there are no menstrual products and rape, they are more prone to getting UTIs or STDs. All these factors make rehabilitation a difficult process for children.

CASES OF CHILD SOLDIERS–

AFRICA-

Many African countries still recruit child soldiers even though most African countries have agreed and ratified the African Charter of Rights and Welfare of The Child in 1990 which forbids the recruitment of children below the age of 18. The Democratic Republic of Congo has the highest number of child soldiers in the world. This is due to the first and second civil war in Congo which the army used by led by Thomas Lubanga Dyilo was 30 percent of children. A 2017 UN report on child soldiers in Africa said that the members of the terrorist military group in Somalia were 50 percent under the age of 18 and recruitment of child soldiers was also done by the Somali National Army.

MIDDLE EAST-

The Iranian government has started to recruit child soldiers from Iran and Afghanistan to participate in the Syrian civil war in 2018. Palestinian group Hamas which controls the Gaza strip still recruits children into its militia. The people’s Protection Units which is a militant Kurdish party in Iraq has abducted more than 200 children to enlist them into the Syrian civil war in 2018. Many non-state actors in the Syrian civil war have recruited child soldiers to participate in the war. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates have recruited children from Sudan to fight in the Yemini Civil war and the British SAS were allegedly involved in training these soldiers.

ASIA-

In Afghanistan, many child soldiers are recruited by the Taliban. In Myanmar, the government army recruits children from the young age of 11 years old were recruited in 2002 as reported by a UN report. The Moro Islamic Liberation Front and government-linked paramilitary forces were recruiting child soldiers, in 2016 this was discontinued but according to a UN report in 2017 other armed groups were still recruiting children.

EUROPE –

All European nations have agreed and ratified the Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict, so the use of child soldiers isn’t in practice.

The ratification of the Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict has significantly curbed the use of children in war as currently, 126 countries have ratified it. The treaty bans the recruitment of children under the age of 16 and also forbids non-state actors from recruiting children for any cause. The main struggle of child soldiers is their reintegration into society. Many of them have resentment and feel guilty about their community. It’s a very long process for them. They need to be given a safe environment, create a sense of forgiveness from the family. Most importantly need given access to education and support. The use of children in armed conflict is a desperate human rights issue that needs to be resolved. This is a desperate human rights issue. The rights of these children must be protected. Government and non-state actors must make efforts to safeguard the rights of these children.

THE PRIME HAS STILL NOT VANISHED: THE TALE OF CRISTIANO AND MESSI

-SHUBHANKAR

Has the prime got over? The question which circulates on everyone lips whenever Messi and Ronaldo come out to play for their clubs as well as their respective countries. Everything won except an international trophy by Leo Messi and everything won except the FIFA World Cup by Cristiano Ronaldo. The future of these players playing football certainly isn’t very long as there comes a point in every athletes life when he/she has to say goodbye to the game they gave there everything, and that day certainly isn’t very far off for these two legends of the beautiful game called Football.

Cristiano Ronaldo bursted onto the football field as a star when he was signed by Sir Alex Ferguson to play for the Red Devils at Old Trafford. The star in the making was rising there. Under the guidance of Manchester United legends like Sir Alex Ferguson himself, Wayne Rooney, Ryan Giggs, Paul Scholes, Rio Ferdinand, Luis Nani and many more to go with, Cristiano became a real star at Manchester United and all over the world. Who could forget that 2008 Champions League victory and after that the unbelievable transfer to Real Madrid in 2009 where he became a global star, probably we can say the Greatest of All Time (GOAT). Goals and goals are what we saw there at the time when he found his prime. Ballondors and Champions League kept on coming. Real Madrid and Cristiano won 3 Champions League in a row but then the news came of the transfer of Cristiano to Juventus, a new challenge? Maybe or maybe not. The speculations continue till date. And the first season in the Italian league saw Cristiano conquer Italy by winning the Seria, but couldn’t win the Champions League for a record 6^th time. So, is the GOAT’s career really over? Has the prime finished? The answer to this question can certainly be no.

Yes, the goal scoring form may not be very consistent off late but the impact of Cristiano is certainly there to be seen by everyone whenever the legend turns up on the football field. That determination and passion at this age is what makes Cristiano different from many other footballers, except the other legend and probably his most competent rival, the legendary Barcelona and Argentine forward, Lionel Messi. Yes, the man with the most Ballondors in the history of football (6).

Lionel Messi has been a revolution in football. Be it those runs past 4-5 defenders or those magical goals, what can’t this man do. Messi came to Barcelona aged 13 and played for both its ‘C’ and ‘B’ teams before debuting for Barcelona in 2004. The young sensation then showed the world his skills and made the world bow down to him. Many criticized and raised questions about his height, being termed too small to play football, but the legend defined all odds. He has until now won 34 titles with Barcelona and maybe would end his footballing career where it all began, at the Nou Camp. Lionel Messi has been a great inspiration for many who want to quit because of people’s opinion about them. But has the magic ended?

The answer to it in my opinion is certainly no. Yes, the international defeats keep on coming and failure is a part of game, any game you play. Football is a team game and Messi has always been on the pioneer of success, but if the team doesn’t perform well, the blame shouldn’t be only thrown out to Messi. There are days when a player with his individual skills can win a game football for his/her team, Messi is one of them who has done it on a regular occasion, be it for Argentina or Barcelona.

In the end I want to say that respect is the ultimate thing we can give these two superstars of our generation rather than criticizing them or choosing who is the best among them. We should consider ourselves the luckiest generation to see these two greats play as even if one retires, the game of football will not be the same anymore, atleast for the 2000’s born kids. Legends is a very small word which describes them, they are formally known as the GOATS.

A Biggest Threat (marks)?

One person I’m glad I met

We all meet people in our lives, and they shape us into the people we are, whether we are aware of it or not. However, there are some people in our lives who know just how much they have changed our lives, and have helped us to become the person we are today.

The one person I am glad to have met is one of my best friend, life, love, other half. We met way back when i was in ninth grade, when I was young and foolish, and had a very narrow mindset about a lot of things. However, through the year, we became good friends, and I slowly felt myself becoming more open minded.

The one year of school we drifted, until high school brought us back, and from there our amazing friendship flourished. I learned many new things from him. I learned what it means to be adventurous, not care what people think, stand up for myself and I became more aware of the world around me, and more open minded about things I definitely wasn’t open minded about before.

He made me a better person, one that I am proud of today, and if it weren’t for him, I might not be this person that I am.

I’ve learned to question things. I’ve been inspired to create things, think things, do things I’ve never created, thought of or done before. He has brought wonder and magic into my life, and stern words and important lessons that I’ve needed to hear as well, all when necessary.

Meeting you may have been a blessing in disguise. At first I thought you were just another guy, but I soon figured out this wasn’t the case. You were different.

You showed me what it’s like to meet someone and have an instant, undeniable connection with them. That type of connection which makes you question every other emotion you’ve had towards someone.

You showed me that I am capable of having feelings for someone even though I’ve felt so numb to the world for so long. I had so many reasons to push down almost every emotion. There was pain and anger and uncontrollable heartbreak. But you lit a spark under my heart.

Thank you for that.

You showed me that someone is capable of being interested in me even though I’ve convinced myself I am the girl no one will never love. So, I owe practically my life to him. I wouldn’t be the person I am without him, and for that, I feel blessed.

Can Money Make You Happy?

Money. It’s either the root of all evil or the best thing ever. People are arguing about the merits of wealth since they started saving it up. We’ve all faced the question of if we should always pursue money for its own sake, or if we might be happier without it.

Science increasingly shows that there’s a correct quantity of cash for happiness, but that countless variables make the quantity change for a small reason. The problem must be approached another way.

Philosophers have asked the same question. Every thinker who has tried to answer the question of how to live has had to wonder how much money was right to have. Here, we have got the ideas on how money affects happiness from ten philosophers which may assist you to decide what proportion money is enough.

Aristotle

In Aristotelian philosophy, virtue is the key requirement for a life well-lived. But while his stoic contemporaries thought virtue alone would assure a good life, Aristotle knew that a few other things would be needed. Among them are friendship, good luck, and money.

While he saw money as merely a tool to market other goals, he’s open about the very fact that the great life requires that you simply have a good amount of it. One of the things on his list of virtues needed to measure a full life is magnificence, which involves the donation of huge sums to charity.

He warns against the life dedicated to pursuing money, however, as this is often a life spent chasing something which is “useful for a few other ends” without ever reaching that end.

“The lifetime of money-making is one undertaken under compulsion, and wealth is evidently not the great we are seeking; for it’s merely useful and for the sake of something else.” —Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics

Thoreau

Henry David Thoreau is legendary for retreating to a cabin near Walden pound and writing a book about his experiment of living an easy, self-sufficient life within the wilderness. While his experiment is usually presented as quite it had been, his cabin wasn’t that far away from a town and his mother usually cooked and cleaned for him, his ideas on the straightforward life are still worth considering.

His time within the woods showed him the advantages of living simply; like what proportion humanity can gain by spending longer in nature and the way getting faraway from material pleasures can help us live a fuller life. While his self-imposed situation came with great security, we will all stand to find out from his ideas on the way to earn less and live more.

To have done anything by which you earned money merely is to have been truly idle or worse- Walden

Epicurus

Epicurus was a philosopher with some bold ideas on the way to make people happy. He lived in the countryside in a large house with a dozen other people where they all lived communally. He argued that the path to happiness was moderation, strong friendships, and philosophy.

Rather than accumulating wealth, one should attempt to live an easy life and find joy in things like friends, the pleasures of labor, and philosophy. While he wasn’t against having some wealth, he feared that having an excessive amount of it might lead an individual to measure immoderately, which might cause vice and unhappiness. The moderate life, however, didn’t require much money in the least.

If you would like to form Pythocles wealthy, don’t give him more money; rather, reduce his desires- Epicurus

Will Uniform Civil Code be suitable for India?

The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is set of rules and regulations that is formulated and has to be followed by all, its main intention is to remove various personal laws that have been followed by Hindus (includes various small religions under Hindus, along with Sikhs, Jains, and Buddhist), Muslims and Christians from many years. UCC will be giving justice to all in a common way rather than following separate laws for people, the main aim of it is remove religious differences, and to protect the fundamental rights of everyone. It basically supports “One Nation, One Law”.The State has a duty to implement the UCC as stated under article 44 of the DPSP (Directive Principles of State Policy) for the welfare of its citizens. However, do you think that UCC will be suitable in nation like India, with its diverse set of religions and cultures existing, if it what are the advantages and disadvantages of UCC?

The first ever situation where UCC was thought to be implemented in the nation is in the Shaho Bano case, where the court directed the parliament to implement UCC and have common laws for all, however the decision was nullified by the Supreme Court. Now to know the suitability of UCC to India it becomes essential to evaluates the pros and cons of this particular action. There are many advantages in implementing UCC and they have been discussed as follows:

Boosts National Integration: If UCC is implemented it will banish all the small differences existing between people. Everyone will just be considered as a common person and nothing else while receiving justice.
Equality: There will be no more discrimination on the basis of religion, caste, gender, class, etc.
Gender Equality. Implementing the UCC will ensure men and women receiving the same protection and laws. They will be considered not to be any different in the eyes of law. This will bring equality by finally treating men and women equal in all perspectives.
UCC will bring social changes in the society by removing all the personal codified laws, and will fulfill the motto of common laws to all. Therefore, removing all the differences that are existing in the present day society.
It also gives various opportunities to our generation to fully utilise our potential towards building the nation, as there would be no differences.

On the other hand there are disadvantages of UCC which have to be considered, and they are:

India is a secular and diverse country, hence it becomes slightly difficult to frame a common set of rules and regulations for all.
Religious freedom which is perceived to be a fundamental rights may be violated in the process of implementing UCC. Religions are considered as a protection to the sanctity of the nation, they represent the nation, our history and the efforts of ancestors to build the nation, therefore taking this decision may deteriorate the cultural and secular value of the nation.
Freedom to choose one’s religion is considered to be a personal matter of a person, hence it is not right for the state to involve into the personal matters.
As stated above this will majorly affect our communal harmony

Taking into consideration all th pros and cons of implementing UCC we can come to a conclusion that UCC can be implemented, it is tough but its not impossible, this can be fulfilled if authority to do the task is given in the right hands, and there has effective series of discussions in order to decide the correct set of common laws. However by implementing UCC we may compromise on the concept of religion which has been prevailing in India from many generations, India is valued in the international realm for its secularist concepts, hence doing this may act a threat to India’s value worldwide, but only if UCC is implemented many problems like gender inequality, and underdevelopment can be solved. Therefore I personally feel that may their is an alternative to UCC, instead of applying it to the whole nation, we may apply it in specific situations , its like a partial UCC. As involving into religious matters and totally changing them is not possible in a nation like India, where sometimes politics is influenced by this religion, so we can involve into it whenever any clause seems to disturbing and a change is required.

Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961

A dowry is the transfer of property, money or any other such wealth which is transferred by the bride’s family to the groom’s family for marrying the bride. The property has be in respect to marriage, and it shall be transferred between the parties in the marriage. Dowry is considered to be a social evil in the society as it places burden of the family of the bride, and this custom which has been followed through ages which has been causing very cruel crimes against women, one of which is so called “dowry death” which means the death of the wife is caused as they have not fulfilled to give the required amount of dowry, and there have been reported cases of domestic violence with respect to no giving dowry.

Considering the above scenario, the Parliament has passes a Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 to do away with the social evil, it has been further amended by the Dowry Prohibition (Amendment) Act, 1986. The main objective is to banish the practise of taking and giving dowry in the society, which further also aims to prevent crimes against women with respect to dowry and cruelty. The act also states the punishments and penalties for offences related to the act. This act also ensures that there is a list of presents is made which are given in the course of marriage, and they must be either duly signed or thumb impression of both the bride and groom must be placed. The list must be made keeping in the provisions of the act. There are certain exceptions in the act, i.e, there can be be presents given by either party of the marriage, property transferred will be considered as presents when they are given without demand, and for the well being of the future of the marriage. There also an additional provision which is beneficial for the woman in the case of dowry, if in case dowry is given then it has to be transferred to the bride’s name within three months of marriage, if in case she is a minor, will be transferred as soon as she attains the age fo 18, otherwise he will be imprisoned and will have to give a penalty as stated under the act. Every person who accepts or gives dowry, aids in the process of taking dowry, publishes any advertisements encouraging dowry, does not transfer the property to the bride within the specified time will be eligible to be punished under this act. This act aims at seeing a future society which is dowry free. The act enables speedy justice to all the victims under the act.

A dowry death is when a married women has either been murdered or forced to suicide by the husband or relatives of the husband, due to various disputes over dowry. There are other legislations which have other provisions of dowry and it’s related crimes, they are section 304B of Indian Penal Code, 1860 deals with Dowry Death and its definition, section 113B of Evidence Act, 1872 deals with prior conditions of dowry death. Along with section 498A which deals with Husband or relatives of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty which indirectly punishes a person for dowry death.

To sum it up, there are many more such social evils which were violating the human rights of women like female foeticide and infanticide, sati which has been banished, child marriage, widowhood, etc. However there have been efforts to change the present condition. Even if the laws are being implemented many of them are not being used especially due to lack of awareness, due to which the women are being easily exploited. We have to find better ways to bring awareness on all the social evils by effective training and awareness campaigns. The development of the society and the nation is dependant on the crimes against women, only if they decrease and totally disappear we can proudly say that we have achieved real development in the nation by bringing change in the society. We might see a day in the future where there is not a single crime related to dowry or general crimes against anyone in the society, especially women. All we have to do is play an important role in the society to bring change through collective efforts.

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key benefits of MUDRA loan:

MUDRA Loan Details:

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Role of NGO in poverty alleviation

NGOs MICROFINANCE ROLE A STRATEGY FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION

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OBJECT

WHO IS LIABLE FOR MESNE PROFIT?

ASSESSMENT

PRINCIPLES

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Pandemic and mental trauma

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Strategy

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