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Feedback is given as a response to any performance or work submitted which aims to improve the quality of output in future. Feedback basically involves evaluation, appreciation and coaching for improvement. The objective behind feedback is to highlight the positive and the negative aspects of the performance, encourage the workers to do a better work, while also providing a guide on how to reach the desired performance.
Feedback or constructive criticism can be very effective if given in the right way. it is supposed to provide suggestions to the person so that they can learn from their mistakes and identify the areas where they are lacking. The difficult par about giving feedback is making it not sound like down right criticism. some people may put out insults and pass it around as opinions which should be taken in a constructive manner. there is a way of presenting your opinion, specifically while dealing or giving negative feedback, otherwise it may put down the morale of the listener.
The feedback giver should make it a point to not make the conversation personal and stick to the performance of the person and not his/her personality. The listener should also try to not take the criticism personally and have trust on the feedback giver.
While giving feedback, the person should make sure to not use the “feedback sandwich”. It is basically providing criticism sandwiched between praises. It may appear to be an ideal technique but it does much more damage than good. This may soften up the criticism but in actual, it renders the criticism ineffective. The listener may also start believing that the praise isn’t true. Also, be clear about what needs to be improved. If you will give any vague suggestions, it won’t help anyone. Learn to be open to others’ perspective as well. it is best that the people concerned come together, discussion the problem and try to come up with a collaborative action plan.
Therefore, people should not hesitate to acknowledge their mistakes and should help each other with “feedbacks” that would help them to grow. A positive feedback system would also help to develop a community that is not shy of its mistakes and takes every challenge in life as a step to move forward in life.
In 2014, in a commencement speech at the University of Texas, in Austin, a US navy admiral named William McRaven stated that, “If you want to change the world, start off by making your bed! “ Making your bed is one of the key-stone habits that one must possess. This simple habit teaches you the […]
Burnout is a state of emotional, physical and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. It occurs when a person feels overwhelmed, emotionally drained and unable to meet constant demands. After months of staying at home amid the Covid 19 Pandemic, family burnout is becoming an additional challenged in some households. Families across the nation are experiencing symptoms of family burnout these days. Now that schools are out for the summer and millions are currently unemployed, Partners, Parents and Children who are together 24/7 may soon feel even more desperate for a few moments alone and a return to their pre-Covid19 routines. But the current rise in cases and the delay of reopening plans in several states may signal that families will need to remain together at home even longer than they realized. However, households that are feeling togetherness fatigue can take steps to alleviate family burnout and ease the strain on their relationships.
The additional toll faced by single parents For single parents still working, now depleted of their normal childcare assistance, the pandemic may mean more to do and fewer opportunities for self-care than ever before. “In a two-parent household, division of tasks allows each parent to have some relief, but single-parent households typically take on all of these tasks themselves, which can absolutely lead to burnout quicker.” For single parents in a pandemic, there’s no partner to help, share responsibilities and there are few, if any, opportunities to get away and breathe by oneself. The result can easily lead to family burnout.
Family burnout can affect romantic relationships too Months together in quarantine can also be a strain on romantic relationships. “When one person in a relationship is experiencing burnout, the other can typically pick up the slack, but when both are, it can be a struggle to connect and feel your best.” The impact on marriages and romantic relationships is considered part of the collateral damage of COVID-19. In times of high stress, it may not always be the best thing to be locked at home together, incapable of getting the space and clear head that’s often needed to work through marital discord.
It’s not just parents and adults — kids can experience family burnout as well “Burnout in children often presents as anxiety, being irritable, poor academic performance, or staying isolated from peers and not expressing interest in playing.” A recent survey in Italy found that children are experiencing psychological impacts as a result of lockdown. They’re more irritable, having trouble sleeping, and many are regressing developmentally. “Compared to younger children, teenagers may be more likely to experience burnout due to higher academic workload, greater need for peer interaction, and more frequent conflicts with parents.”
How to reduce the impact of burnout in your household? But just because so many are experiencing burnout doesn’t mean it can’t be helped. Burnout can be prevented by having a better balance between family time versus me time. When dealing with kids who may be acting out as a result of lockdown stress, parents should try using encouragement and positive reinforcement over punishment techniques. “Having a routine for sleep, meals, and study time can help children feel prepared for the next activity and avoid some conflicts.”
I have always heard people telling me to self-reflect whenever I make a mistake. It always made me wonder how self-reflection can help me be better. It was later when I actually applied this in my life, I realized that I could not only identify my flaws but also manage my personal growth. If we ever delve deeper in self-reflection, we will realize its significance. It is very difficult to be one’s own critique. Sometimes, we tend to be too hard on ourselves while sometimes, we may find it hard to pick out our own flaws. Being objective about oneself is difficult since everyone tends to be a little bit bias but it can be developed like any other skill.
Personal reflection encourages us to do better in our lives. Its benefits can be reaped earlier if self-reflection is inculcated at an early age. For example: In school going students, self-reflection can be encouraged by making them keep a record of their improvement, helping them set their own goals and guiding them to work towards them. Writing diary entries can also be a good means to record one’s thoughts. The benefit of this will be that the children from a very young age will develop critical thinking and navigate through their own journey. They will be able to point their own lacking areas and work on them to grow.
This develops a deeper understanding of the world and people tend to generally become more self-aware and socially-aware. Reflection gives an opportunity to process the inside of one’s brain as well as outside. Practicing self-reflection takes self-discipline and a willingness to learn. When you will self-reflect, you will be able to recognize many of your weaknesses, not everyone can be easily accepting of them since all of us have some level of insecurities, so it is needed to throw that fear way and let yourself learn more about yourself.
Many people may think that it is useless and stick to doing what they have always been doing but living a life without self-reflection remains futile. Having a reflective thinking is essential to get through one’s difficult life situations. Emotions can cloud your judgments which may sway you away from looking at things from a different perspective. Self-reflection allows you to take a step-back and analyze the situation from a broader point of view and then create an appropriate response to it.
Meditation can help a lot in your journey of self-reflection. Creating a space for yourself so that you have time to self-reflect is the first step. It is basically an ability to live a well-balanced life.
Education is very important for everyone not just it call for the well educated well it become intellectual, skills, learning, abilities etc and well as it’s quite common for get degree these days to get a job. In this whole word we not understand the meaning of education, So think about it not for only in race but also enjoy it as well. and get knowledge. The education is not have any limitation to gain the bookish knowledge but also understand the rules and regulations as well know about behavior on our society. Knowledge as a process of performance based which is human brain assemble the information collected by person , actually data obtain through various sources as the education. Their are two aspects of their knowledge in which is the practical and theoretical.
History of sari-like drapery is traced back to the Indus Valley Civilisation which flourished during 2800–1800 BCE around the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent. Cotton was first cultivated and woven in Indian subcontinent around 5th millennium BCE. Dyes used during this period are still in use, particularly indigo, lac, red madder and tumeric. Silk was woven around 2450 BCE and 2000 BCE.
The word ‘sari’ evolved from ‘saatikaa’ (sanskrit: शाटिका) mentioned in earliest Hindu literature as women’s attire. The Sari or Sattika evolved from a three-piece ensemble comprising the Antriya, the lower garment; the Uttariya; a veil worn over the shoulder or the head; and the Stanapatta, a chestband. This ensemble is mentioned in Sanskrit lterature and Buddhist Pali literature during the 6th century BCE. This complete three-piece dress was known as Poshak, generic term for costume. Ancient Antriya closely resembled dothi wrap in the “fishtail” version which was passed through legs, covered the legs loosely and then flowed into a long, decorative pleats at front of the legs. It further evolved into Bhairnivasani skirt, today known as ghagri and lehenga. Uttariya was a shawl-like veil worn over the shoulder or head, it evolved into what is known today known as dupatta and ghoonghat. Likewise, Stanapatta evolved into choli by 1st century CE.
The ancient Sanskrit work, Kadambari by Banabhatta and ancient Tamil poetry, such as the Silapadhikaram describes women in drapes or sari. In ancient India, although women wore saris that bared the midriff, the Dharmashastra writers stated that women should be dressed such that the navel would never become visible. By which for some time the navel exposure became a taboo and the navel was concealed. In ancient Indian tradition and the Natya Shastra (an ancient Indian treatise describing ancient dance and costumes), the navel of the Supreme Being is considered to be the source of life and creativity, hence the midriff is to be left bare by the sari.
It is generally accepted that wrapped sari-like garments for lower body and sometimes shawls or scarf like garment called ‘uttariya’ for upper body, have been worn by Indian women for a long time, and that they have been worn in their current form for hundreds of years. In ancient couture the lower garment was called ‘nivi’ or ‘nivi bandha’, while the upper body was mostly left bare. The works of Kalidasa mentions ‘Kurpasika’ a form of tight fitting breast band that simply covered the breasts. It was also sometimes referred to as ‘Uttarasanga’ or ‘Stanapatta’.
Poetic references from works like Silapadhikaram indicate that during the Sangam period in ancient Tamil Nadu in southern India, a single piece of clothing served as both lower garment and head covering, leaving the midriff completely uncovered. Similar styles of the sari are recorded paintings by Raja Ravi Verma in Kerala. Numerous sources say that everyday costume in ancient India and till recent times in Kerala consisted of a pleated dhoti or wrap, combined with a breast band called ‘Kurpasika’ or ‘Stanapatta’ and occasionally a wrap called ‘Uttariya’ that could at times be used to cover the upper body or head. The two-piece Kerala mundum neryathum (mundu, a dhoti or sarong, neryath, a shawl, in Malayalam) is a survival of ancient clothing styles. The one-piece sari in Kerala is derived from neighboring Tamil Nadu or Deccan during medieval period based on its appearance on various temple murals in medieval Kerala.
Early Sanskrit literature has a wide vocabulary of terms for the veiling used by women, such as Avagunthana (oguntheti/oguṇthikā), meaning cloak-veil, Uttariya meaning shoulder-veil, Mukha-pata meaning face-veil and Sirovas-tra meaning head-veil. In the Pratimānātaka, a play by Bhāsa describes in context of Avagunthana veil that “ladies may be seen without any blame (for the parties concerned) in a religious session, in marriage festivities, during a calamity and in a forest”. The same sentiment is more generically expressed in later Sanskrit lliterature. Sudraka the author of Mrichhakatika set in fifth century BCE says that the Avagaunthaha was not used by women everyday and at every time. He says that a married lady was expected to put on a veil while moving in the public.This may indicate that it was not necessary for unmarried females to put on a veil. This form of veiling by married women is still prevalent in Hindi-speaking areas, and is known as ghoongat where the loose end of a sari is pulled over the head to act as a facial veil.
Based on sculptures and paintings, tight bodices or cholis are believed have evolved between 2nd century BCE to 6th century CE in various regional styles. Early cholis were front covering tied at the back; this style was more common in parts of ancient northern India. This ancient form of bodice or choli are still common in the state of Rajasthan today. Varies styles of decorative traditional embroidery like gota patti, mochi, pakko, kharak, suf, kathi, phulkari and gamthi are done on cholis. In Southern parts of India, choli is known as ravikie which is tied at the front instead of back, kasuti is traditional form of embroidery used for cholis in this region. In Nepal, choli is known as cholo or chaubandi cholo and is traditionally tied at the front.
Red is most favored colour for weddingsaris and are traditional garment choice for brides in Indian culture. Women traditionally wore various types of regional handloomsaris made of silk, cotton, ikkat, block-print, embroidery and tie-dye textiles. Most sought after brocade silk saris are Banasari, Kanchipuram, Gadwal, Paithani, Mysore, Uppada, Bagalpuri, Balchuri, Maheshwari, Chanderi, Mekhela, Ghicha, Narayan pet and Eri etc. are traditionally worn for festive and formal occasions. Silk Ikat and cotton saris known as Patola, Pochampally, Bomkai, Khandua, Sambalpuri, Gadwal, Berhampuri, Bargarh, Jamdani, Tant, Mangalagiri, Guntur, Narayan pet, Chanderi, Maheshwari, Nuapatn, Tussar, Ilkal, Kotpad and Manipuri were worn for both festive and everyday attire. Tie-dyed and block-print saris known as Bandhani, Leheria/Leheriya, Bagru, Ajrakh, Sungudi, Kota Dabu/Dabu print, Bagh and Kalamkari were traditionally worn during monsoon season. GotaPattis popular form of traditional embroidery used on saris for formal occasions, various other types of traditional folk embroidery such mochi, pakko, kharak, suf, kathi, phulkari and gamthi are also commonly used for both informal and formal occasion.Today, modern fabrics like polyester, georgette and charmeuse are also commonly used.
Water is a main component of saliva. Saliva also includes small amounts of electrolytes, mucus, and enzymes. It’s essential for breaking down solid food and keeping your mouth healthy.
Your body generally produces enough saliva with regular fluid intake. However, your saliva production may decrease as a result of age or certain medications or therapies.
If your mouth is drier than usual and increasing your water intake isn’t helping, see your doctor.
Staying hydrated is crucial to maintaining your body temperature. Your body loses water through sweat during physical activity and in hot environments.
Your sweat keeps your body cool, but your body temperature will rise if you don’t replenish the water you lose. That’s because your body loses electrolytes and plasma when it’s dehydrated.
If you’re sweating more than usual, make sure you drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration.
Water consumption helps lubricate and cushion your joints, spinal cord, and tissues. This will help you enjoy physical activity and lessen discomfort caused by conditions like arthritis.
Your body uses water to sweat, urinate, and have bowel movements.
Sweat regulates body temperature when you’re exercising or in warm temperatures. You need water to replenish the lost fluid from sweat.
You also need enough water in your system to have healthy stool and avoid constipation.
Your kidneys are also important for filtering out waste through urination. Adequate water intake helps your kidneys work more efficiently and helps to prevent kidney stones.
Drinking plenty of water during physical activity is essential. Athletes may perspire up to 6 to 10 percentTrusted Source of body weight during physical activity.
Hydration also affects your strength, power, and endurance.
You may be more susceptible to the effects of dehydration if you’re participating in endurance training or high-intensity sports such as basketball.
Negative effects of exercise in the heat without enough water can include serious medical conditions, like decreased blood pressure and hyperthermia. Extreme dehydration can cause seizures and even death.
Eating fiber isn’t the only way to prevent constipation. It’s also important to maintain your water intake so your bowel movements contain enough water.
If you don’t consume enough water, magnesium, and fiber, you may be more likely to experience constipation.
If you’re already constipated, you may find that drinking carbonated waterTrusted Source as well as plain water can help ease your symptoms.
Contrary to what some believe, experts confirm drinking water before, during, and after a meal will help your body break down the food you eat more easily. This will help you digest food more effectively and get the most out of your meals.
Research showsTrusted Source the body adapts to changes in the consistency of food and stomach contents, whether more solid or more liquid.
In addition to helping with food breakdown, water also helps dissolve vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients from your food. It then delivers these vitamin components to the rest of your body for use.
Studies have linked body fat and weight loss with drinking water in both overweight girlsTrusted Source and women. Drinking more water while dieting and exercising may just help you lose extra pounds.
Water carries helpful nutrients and oxygen to your entire body. Reaching your daily water intake will improve your circulation and have a positive impact on your overall health.
Drinking water may activate your metabolism. A boost in metabolism has been associated with a positive impact on energy level.
One study found that drinking 500 milliliters of water boosted the metabolic rate by 30 percent in both men and women. These effects appeared to last over an hour.
Proper hydration is key to staying in tip-top cognitive shape. ResearchTrusted Source indicates that not drinking enough water can negatively impact your focus, alertness, and short-term memory.
Adequate water intake will help keep your skin hydrated and may promote collagen production. However, water intake alone isn’t enough to reduce the effects of aging. This process is also connected to your genes and overall sun protection.
Dehydration is the result of your body not having enough water. And because water is imperative to so many bodily functions, dehydration can be very dangerous.
Severe dehydration can result in a number of severe complications, including:
swelling in your brain
kidney failure
seizures
Make sure you drink enough water to make up for what’s lost through sweat, urination, and bowel movements to avoid dehydration.
Being attentive to the amount of water you drink each day is important for optimal health. Most people drink when they’re thirsty, which helps regulate daily water intake.
about 15.5 cups of water (125 ounces) each day for men
about 11.5 cups (91 ounces) daily for women
People get about 20 percent of their daily water intake from food. The rest is dependent on drinking water and water-based beverages. So, ideally men would consume about 100 ounces (3.0 liters) of water from beverages, and women, about 73 ounces (2.12 liters) from beverages.
You’ll have to increase your water intake if you’re exercising or living in a hotter region to avoid dehydration.
Other ways to assess hydration include your thirst and the color of your urine. Feeling thirsty indicates your body is not receiving adequate hydration. Urine that is dark or colored indicates dehydration. Pale or non-colored urine typically indicates proper hydration.
Water is important to nearly every part of your body. Not only will hitting your daily recommended intake help you maintain your current state of being, it may even improve your overall health.
Here are some ideas for how you can be sure you drink enough:
Carry a water bottle with you wherever you go. This way you can drink whenever the need strikes.
Keep track of your intake. Aim to take in optimum amounts every day, a minimum of half your body weight in ounces.
Pace yourself to approach half of your recommended consumption by midday. You can always finish about an hour before you plan to sleep.
There have been strong motive to reduce the amount of meat in our daily dite.So that Jackfruits the perfect replacement of meat.So that every year on July 4th it is Observed as “Jackfruit Day”. On this day people will also celebrate as “Independence from Meat Day”.This Jackfruit day was created by the “Jackfruit.com”.The main aim of this Jackfruit.com is to raise awareness of this incredible fruit and how it serve to break our dependence on environmental damaging meat products. The Scientific name of this Jackfruit is “Artocarpus Hetrophyllus” and it belongs to the family called “Moraceae”. Its native place of South and Southeast parts of Asia and it grows upto 3 feet in length and weight up to 35 kilograms in total.All over the global there are over 100 different types of Jackfruits are available. Jackfruit is Bangladesh National fruit and Kerala’s State Fruit. In North India this fruit is known as “Kathal”.
“Jackfruit is the best example of nothing is same from both outside and inside , It may look Ugly from Outside, but it is Sweet from inside“
The growing stage of Jackfruit provides different Therapeutic uses and in additional to the sweet taste and smell every part like bark,flowers, leaves, roots,pulps and seeds of the tree is used for Medical Benefits. 140 grams of Jackfruit provides 133 Calories. It has 10% Magnesium, 7% Omega-3, 13% Potassium, 5% Vitamin A, 21%Vitamin C, 12%Vitamin B1, 6%Fiber, 3% Calcium, 4% Iron, 35% Vitamin BC, and it is rich in Antioxidants. It helps in regulating the Cancer,Fever,Diarrhea and it helps in mainly in control of Blood Pressure. The seeds of this Jackfruit tree taken as Medicine and it is taken by mouth for Diabetes. Its paste is applied to the skin for Poisonous Bites. Wood of the Jackfruit tree is used to make Musical instruments. Jackfruit is boiled and used in curries as a staple food ,The Young boiled Jackfruit is used in Salads or in spicy Curries and for filling for Chops and Cuttlets. Make sure that you prepare atleast one dish with this Jackfruit on this “Jackfruit Day” and share with your beloved ones. Once again happy “JACKFRUIT DAY”.
I will go for “Panipuri” its an Indian street side snack, that has a crisp puffed Indian bread (puri), stuffed with mashed spiced potatoes/chana(gram)/ragda (a curry of white peas), dipped in sweet(tamarind and date) and spicy(Pudina, coriander and chilli, with pinch of lemon) flavored water.
Panipuri or Phuchka is a type of snack that originated in the Indian subcontinent. It consists of a round or ball-shaped, hollow puri, filled with a mixture of flavored water, tamarind chutney, chili, chaat masala, potato, onion or chickpeas.
Why? I am sweet at times and spicy(angry) at times, and thats what makes me and my life. If you are new to me, you will see a rock sheer cover on my mind, you will feel i am arrogant (Hitler like, the most common adjective awarded to me), but once you try and be friends with me, to crack that layer, there is much more you couldn’t even wonder about me.
I am unpredictable. I can be a sweetest heart soemtimes and an angry bird at times. If you are are new to me, you would think I am arrogant (Probably a Hitler) but as you befriend me, you shall wonder if you ever knew me.
There is something comfortingly familiar about eating a humble pani puri – a crispy hollow ball made of semolina or wheat, filled with spicy potatoes and topped with tangy, spicy tamarind water made fragrant by mint leaves and black salt.
It may sound like culinary chaos, but that this spicy, crunchy wonder is absolutely delicious is something almost Indians will agree on.
Served by vendors from a setup that gives the word ‘utilitarian’ a run for its money, pani puri (also called golgappa, phuchka and a multitude of other monikers) is, in every sense, a material manifestation of the elusive emotion called “simple joy.” This innocuous street snack is also a great leveller – at a pani puri stall, you will see besuited businessmen step out of sleek cars to join the queue alongside the city’s poorest residents.
So how and where did this culinary gem really originate? Many believe that the answer lies in the history of the kingdom of Magadh.
One of the 16 Mahajanapadas (great kingdoms in Sanskrit) of ancient India, the Magadhan empire was situated on the banks of River Ganga in what is now west-central Bihar. Lively accounts of Magadh and its capital, Pataliputra, are available in the travel diaries of the Greek historian Megasthenes and the Chinese Buddhist pilgrims Faxian and Xuanzang.
It is believed that phulkis (the precursor to pani puri) first originated in Magadh at a time when several traditional specialities of the region, like chitba, pitthow, tilba and chewda of Katarni rice, were evolving. The culinary genius who invented them is lost in the pages of history, but if Indians had known who invented pani puri (or whatever you call this yummy snack), they would have thanked that person for generations!
There is another legend associated with the origin of pani puris. This is how it goes:
In the epic Mahabharata, a newly-wedded Draupadi returns home to be given a task by her mother-in-law Kunti. The Pandavas were on exile and Kunti wanted to test if her new daughter-in-law would be able to manage with the scarce resources.
So she gave Draupadi some leftover potato sabzi and just enough wheat dough to make one puri, instructing her to make food that would satisfy the hunger of all five of her sons. It is believed that this was when the new bride invented pani puri. Impressed with her daughter-in-law’s ingenuity, Kunti blessed the dish with immortality.
While the origins of this delicious snack is yet to be pinpointed with historical accuracy, the one thing that is clear is that pani puri travelled across India and made the country fall head over heels in love with it. Over the years, the combinations underwent many changes as each region developed its own version according to its preferences.
As a result, pani puri today has almost a dozen different names that changes from region to region. In most parts of central and southern India, it is called pani puri but the recipes have subtle variations. While in Maharashtra, hot ragda (white peas curry) is added to the potato mash, in Gujarat, it is boiled moong and in Karnataka, it is chopped onions.
While the origins of this delicious snack is yet to be pinpointed with historical accuracy, the one thing that is clear is that pani puri travelled across India and made the country fall head over heels in love with it. Over the years, the combinations underwent many changes as each region developed its own version according to its preferences.
As a result, pani puri today has almost a dozen different names that changes from region to region. In most parts of central and southern India, it is called pani puri but the recipes have subtle variations. While in Maharashtra, hot ragda (white peas curry) is added to the potato mash, in Gujarat, it is boiled moong and in Karnataka, it is chopped onions.
In West Bengal, pani puri is called phuchka, probably due to the ‘phuch’ sound it makes when you take a bite. The unique feature of the phuchka lies in the fact that it’s made of wholewheat, unlike the other that are usually made of flour or semolina. The phuchka water is also a little spicier and tangier than that used in the rest of the country.
An exceptionally clear point on programmer’s proposition is PC and PC hacking. PCs are mind boggling and appear to be hard to learn, however on the off chance that you have time, your PC will be extremely advantageous and intriguing. Have you heard every one of those abnormal PC terms? For instance, Javascript. Javascript is fundamentally a coding languages utilized when composing Internet pages. Have you at any point been to the web and have you seen writings or recordings on the screen? It is totally done in the Java language.
We as a whole asked that Web locales and organizations were hacked. However, what does “hacking” mean? In the first form, programmers basically implied finding better approaches to get things done with PCs and programming. This can be something to be thankful for (improving the exhibition of something) or a terrible thing (finding a PC you can not get to). Today, programmers are utilized as a conventional expression for a wide range of vindictive action, for example, information break, website page fouling, bank misrepresentation. Normally, even the assailant’s modifying expertise isn’t included. It is additionally blamed for criticism. Okay prefer to post a few words that you lament saying to web-based social networking? “Apologies, my record has been hacked”
Today, new issues are spreading to programmers. Since the stage exchanges an enormous measure of cash, programmers are prepared to split these individuals’ records. Online networking promoting gives interfaces to clients and ensures client data and assets. Also, we use it as a disseminated approach. Online life showcasing likewise gives specialists to shield client accounts from hacking exercises. Accordingly, we built up a security framework as a couple of steps to give high security to the proprietor. Online life promoting has built up a basic correspondence framework since normal individuals and corporate associations cooperate. In this way, drawing in individuals’ fascination through this stage is simple. Individuals can impart insights and recommendations via web-based networking media advertising stages, for example, visit, instant messages, video calls, videoconferencing, and phone calls. This open door will take individuals to business associations and advance individuals’ desire activities.
However, as of now, hacking has an increasingly negative ramifications as is the term programmer. Hacking which is done on demand and includes an agreement of terms and conditions permits approved access to the objective and henceforth alluded to as moral hacking.
PC and system security go under the invasion when the data about potential assaults is attempted to be assessed to decide the shortcomings and provisos in the framework. Helpless web-setups, old or freely tie programming, dormant or impaired security controls and frail or low-quality passwords are a few instances of territories that make PC systems and frameworks powerless against assaults. Moral hacking includes recognizable proof of all or any such potential regions dependent on the recommended terms in the agreement and the degree of access given.
Eric Raymond has a superior definition to hacking in his aggregation ‘The New Hacker’s Dictionary’ as: A “great hack” is a shrewd answer for a programming arrangement and “hacking” is the demonstration of doing it. Moral hacking enables the association to all the more likely ensure its framework and data and is viewed as a feature of an association’s general security endeavors.
Programmers could plan to take organization’s significant data and furthermore render hurt the protected innovation and other touchy data. Organizations may likewise run into the difficulty of confronting possible claims if programmers take client data by getting into their frameworks.
Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can access data and use it learn for themselves.
The process of learning begins with observations or data, such as examples, direct experience, or instruction, in order to look for patterns in data and make better decisions in the future based on the examples that we provide. The primary aim is to allow the computers learn automatically without human intervention or assistance and adjust actions accordingly.
But, using the classic algorithms of machine learning, text is considered as a sequence of keywords; instead, an approach based on semantic analysis mimics the human ability to understand the meaning of a text.
Some machine learning methods
Machine learning algorithms are often categorized as supervised or unsupervised.
Supervised machine learning algorithms can apply what has been learned in the past to new data using labeled examples to predict future events. Starting from the analysis of a known training dataset, the learning algorithm produces an inferred function to make predictions about the output values. The system is able to provide targets for any new input after sufficient training. The learning algorithm can also compare its output with the correct, intended output and find errors in order to modify the model accordingly.
In contrast, unsupervised machine learning algorithms are used when the information used to train is neither classified nor labeled. Unsupervised learning studies how systems can infer a function to describe a hidden structure from unlabeled data. The system doesn’t figure out the right output, but it explores the data and can draw inferences from datasets to describe hidden structures from unlabeled data.
Semi-supervised machine learning algorithms fall somewhere in between supervised and unsupervised learning, since they use both labeled and unlabeled data for training – typically a small amount of labeled data and a large amount of unlabeled data. The systems that use this method are able to considerably improve learning accuracy. Usually, semi-supervised learning is chosen when the acquired labeled data requires skilled and relevant resources in order to train it / learn from it. Otherwise, acquiring unlabeled data generally doesn’t require additional resources.
Reinforcement machine learning algorithms is a learning method that interacts with its environment by producing actions and discovers errors or rewards. Trial and error search and delayed reward are the most relevant characteristics of reinforcement learning. This method allows machines and software agents to automatically determine the ideal behavior within a specific context in order to maximize its performance. Simple reward feedback is required for the agent to learn which action is best; this is known as the reinforcement signal.
Machine learning enables analysis of massive quantities of data. While it generally delivers faster, more accurate results in order to identify profitable opportunities or dangerous risks, it may also require additional time and resources to train it properly. Combining machine learning with AI and cognitive technologies can make it even more effective in processing large volumes of information.
Everybody feels that solitary taking somebody’s private information is Cyber Crime. Be that as it may, in characterizing terms we can say that ‘Digital Crime alludes to the utilization of an electronic gadget (PC, PC, and so on.) for taking somebody’s information or attempting to hurt them utilizing a PC
Furthermore, it is a criminal behavior that includes a progression of issues extending from robbery to utilizing your framework or IP address as a device for perpetrating a wrongdoing.
Digital Crime Essay
Kinds of Cyber Crime
Talking in a broadway we can say that Cyber Crime are classified into four significant sorts. These are Financial, Privacy, Hacking, and Cyber Terrorism.
The monetary wrongdoing they take the cash of client or record holders. Similarly, they additionally took information of organizations which can prompt monetary violations. Additionally, exchanges are intensely gambled as a result of them. Consistently programmers took lakhs and crores of rupees of specialists and government.
Protection wrongdoing incorporates taking your private information which you would prefer not to impart to the world. Additionally, because of it, the individuals endure a great deal and some even end it all due to their information’s abuse.
In, hacking they deliberate mutilate a site to make harm or misfortune the general population or proprietor. Aside from that, they devastate or make changes in the current sites to reduce its worth.
Advanced psychological oppression has developed path past what it was 10-20 years back. Be that as it may, digital psychological oppression isn’t simply identified with fear based oppressors or psychological militant associations. Yet, to danger some individual or property to the degree of making dread is likewise Cyber Terrorism.
Digital Crime in India
Web world or the internet is an enormous network of millions and billions of clients and sites. Likewise, individuals get to it for various utilizations like shopping, motion pictures, music, computer games, exchanges, and web based business, and so on.
In this Age of Technology and simple access to the web, anybody can without much of a stretch arrive at it. In light of this relentless development from the earlier decade. Moreover, the web has opened a universe of data on which anybody can associate.
Because of, this the pace of wrongdoing particularly the pace of Cyber Crime has expanded a lot of overlap. In addition, the pace of dissemination of information is likewise expanded a lot of overlay because of the higher speed of web. Most importantly, because of every one of these issues, the Cybersecurity has become a significant worry for society.
Laws identified with Cyber Crimes
To stop the spread of Cyber Crime and to protect the enthusiasm of individuals the administration has made a few laws identified with Cyber Crimes. Likewise, these laws fill in as security against Cyber Crime. Aside from that, the administration has additionally presented digital cells in police headquarters to counter the issue of Cyber Crime as quick as possible.
Methods of halting Cyber Crime
Digital Crime isn’t something which we can’t manage our self. In like manner, with little utilization of our sound judgment and rationale, we can prevent Cyber Crimes from occurring.
To finish up, we can say that Cyber Crime is a hazardous offense to somebody’s protection or any material. Additionally, we can stay away from Cyber Crime by following some essential coherent things and utilizing our presence of mind. Most importantly, Cyber Crime is an infringement of law as well as of human rights as well.
Education is the best investment one can ever make in life. For a developing nation like India, every child should receive a quality education. It can not only change the health and livelihood of people, but also contribute to long term economic growth and social stability.
However, despite great progress in last few years, lakhs of children are still denied education. The lack of education is a big reason that transmits poverty from generation to generation. The society still doesn’t realize that right to education is a vital human right granted to every citizen.
Although it is true that not every individual without an education is living in extreme poverty, but most of the poor lack education. The ones living below poverty line keep their children out of school, which means their children will also have a greater chance to live in poverty.
Education is considered as a great equalizer which can open door to jobs, skills and resources that a family needs to thrive and survive. Access to good quality education and supporting child well being has been recognized as a solution to poverty. Not just this, it helps the communities to solve other issues that keeps them vulnerable. Not just this, it helps these communities to solve other issues as well that can keep them vulnerable.
Education is directly related to may solutions in terms of poverty, like:
Reduce income inequality
Economic growth
Reduce infant and maternal deaths
Reduce vulnerability to HIV & AIDS
Reduce stunting
Reduce violence at home and society
According to UNESCO, if all children in low-income nation just get basic reading skills, an estimated 171 million people could come out of poverty. And if all adults receive secondary education, the global poverty could be cut by more than half.
Children are the future of any nation.The children who receive quality education are empowered to grow into mature and skilled adults who are capable of picking employment. Education is the key under which several issues related to health, unemployment, population control and human rights can be solved.
Educated individuals are more likely to escape all troubles of life like ecconomic and social despair. On a larger scale, the rewards of individuals getting education also flow into the society, motivating other, thus can have an impact on the entire country. An educated country always flourishes and always progress far better as they can achieve better healthcare and economic independence. It will make people more independent.
There are many solutions to improve the situation between poverty and education. Teachers should be provided incentives for teaching in low-income zones. Better resources and funding should be provided in school for poor.
All this sums up enabling communities to come out from the state of poverty.
Python is an easy-to-learn and easy-to-use programming language that offers simple and interactive coding, making it powerful enough to build versatile applications. It has a large developer community that makes application development easy even for a novice user. It is very productive. YouTube, Instagram, Pinterest are all built-in Python. iPython offers a powerful and interactive programming platform. Output can be readily seen as in a calculator with the execution of a single line of code. Some of the noteworthy features/applications that can be created easily using Python are : • Python for physicists: Calculating the Altitude of a satellite, mass and moment of inertia of objects in Planetary orbits, the wavelength in the light spectrum, Arithmetic mean involving logarithms, etc. • Creating and Modifying PDF Files, Extract Text or pages From a PDF using PdfFileSplitter Class Concatenating and Merging, Encrypting and Decrypting. • Scientific Computing and 2D, 3D Graphing using NumPy (for Matrix Manipulation) and SciPy , PIL ( Python imaging library) & matplotlib library for Plotting Graphs. • Designing Graphical User Interfaces – Add GUI Elements With, Introduction to Tkinter , Working With Widgets . Example App: Text Editor. • Interacting with the Websites using the urllib module, get the web page’s HTML source and then use regular expressions to parse Text using an HTML Parser to Scrap the required information ( from the website content). • The comprehensive libraries supported by Python helps in solving optimization, signal processing, statistics, interpolation, linear algebra, polynomial problems, etc. • It can deal with large data from PDF,CSV,XLS,JSON files etc. Advanced big data toolkit like Pandas or PyTables can be used to easily connect to the Database. They can handle heterogeneous tabular data structures with labeled axes (rows and columns) of multidimensional size and mutable type. Normalization and standardization of data can be done with ease. This again proves the versatile feature of python. • Speech recognition application can be easily created using python. • Multithreading using GIL ( Global Interpreter Lock) and message passing interfaces between processes can be implemented using Python. It can be done using POSIX interface. Not all these services or features are available on all platforms. (especially Windows/Mac). • Generators can be added to Python to allow computation with sequences without having to actually create a data structure to contain the values of the sequence. This can give you large savings in memory. • Regular expressions- Python include matching characters, pattern matching using the search options, finding out the multiple instances, and backslashes. • Used to design network components, web servers, perform socket programming, encoding/decoding of a message, Encryption, and cryptography. • Used to perform distributed computing with multiple machines. • Python facilitates performing Exploratory data analysis by visualizing the data to assess patterns and identify data characteristics using Univariate and multivariate data visualization, correlation functions. • Python supports web-based application frameworks such as Django, Turbogears, Pylons, etc. Web programming can be done using CGI scripting. • Other Python libraries such as TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch, and OpenCV are used in data science, machine learning, etc. It’s also used to create Neural networks in Artificial Intelligence. Drawback: It is not ideal for mobile app and game development .This is because it consumes more memory and its processing speed is slow. Conclusion : Python is feature-rich and helps the user to build versatile applications productively ( in less time) and with ease.
For detailed and reliable information on python , you can refer this source by clicking on the link (https://www.python.org/doc/).
While the country applauds the actions of the defense forces on the borders, the citizens are largely unaware that each unit of the fighting and supporting arms of the Army are battling an acute shortage of officers. Indian military which has an onerous task of defending the country’s more than 15,000 kilometres long border and 7,500 kilometres long coastline is facing an acute shortage of officers. Indian military forces may be gaining firepower at a fast clip, but they surely are bereft of manpower. Against an authorized strength of 74,000 officers, the Army, Navy and Air Force currently have only 65,000, limiting their ability to run their operations efficaciously. This is a worrisome situation for the country that shares long boundaries with hostile neighbors and facing internal security challenges in border states in the north and northeast. Indian military forces have an onerous task of guarding the country’s borders stretching 15,106 kilometres and a 7,516 kilometres long coastline.
“There are three main causes: harsh service environment and everyday risk to life in the line of duty, pay and perks in the military and avenues for promotion are not as appealing as is the case with civil services and the third thing is the very attractive pay and package available in the corporate sector, these are the main reasons behind the shortage of officers,”
– Lt. General (retd) Rameshwar Yadav.
There are various methods of getting into the armed forces, starting from after Class XII in the NDA to the graduation level for the national academies and a host of other technical and non-technical entries. The entrance test for these officer-rank entries features a gruelling selection mechanism which culminates in a personality evaluation by services selection boards. Leadership traits are an important part of this evaluation. The pass percentage at the officer level is 2-5 per cent of the students who clear the written exam. After the selections, the trainees — generally referred to as ‘gentlemen cadets’ — undergo training at the elite academies, which develop them into leaders who are fit to take up the leadership role in combat and non-combat units. Those who are allotted the services are also made to undergo 1-2 years of attachment in the combat units, thus making them familiar with the operational environment.
India which has 1.4 million active duty personnel in three branches of its military is surrounded by two hostile neighbors on its northern and western borders and has fought four wars with them and these border disputes with both Pakistan and China continue to seethe. As per the latest official data, the authorized strength of officers in Indian Army in March 2018 was 50,028. Even so, four months later, in July this year, there were only 42,734 officers. The shortage of 7,294 officers or 14.57% of the authorized strength. In case of Indian Navy, as on October 2018, there were only 9,925 naval officers against the authorized strength of 11,415 officers, this is a shortage of 1,457 officers in Indian Navy or 12.76%. It seems that among the three branches of Indian military, Indian Air Force is the only force that is able to attract the talent in a much better manner. As on 1st July 2018, Indian Air Force had 12,392 officers as against the authorized strength of 12,584 officers, a shortfall of just 192 officers or 1.52%. Indian armed forces have adopted several policies to fill the gap but they appear to be less than successful. Of late, the government has implemented several measures including increasing the allowances for difficult area posting but it has apparently been unsuccessful to attract the required talent.
Hong Kong’s anti-government protest started in June against plans to allow extradition to mainland China. The extradition bill which triggered the very first protest was introduced in April. It would have let criminal suspects to be deported to mainland China under certain circumstances. Opponents said this put the Hongkongers at risk to unfair trials and violent treatment. Critics feared this could erode judicial independence and endanger dissidents. They also argued the bill would give China greater authority over Hong Kong and could be used to target activists and journalists. A large number of people gathered on the street in opposition. After weeks of protests, leader Carrie Lam ultimately said the bill would be suspended sine die.
HOW DID THE SITUATION ESCALATE?
Protesters feared the bill could be reintroduced, so demonstrations persisted, calling for it to be withdrawn completely. By then clashes between police and protesters had become more incessant and violent. In September, the bill was finally extracted, but protesters said this was “too little, too late”. On 1 October, while China was commemorating 70 years of Communist Party rule, Hong Kong went through one of it’s most “violent and chaotic days.” An 18-year-old was shot in the chest with a live bullet as protesters grappled officers with poles, petrol bombs and other projectiles. The government then prohibited protesters wearing face masks, and in early November a pro Beijing lawmaker was knifed in the street by a man pretending to be a supporter. A week later, a policeman shot one protester at spitting distance when activists were trying to set up a road block. Later that day another man was set on fire by anti-government demonstrators. In November, a standoff between police and students barricaded on the campus of Hong Kong’s Polytechnic University became another defining juncture. Later that month, the territory held local council elections that were seen as a barometer of public viewpoint. The vote saw a grand slam victory for the pro-democracy movement, with 17 of the 18 councils now controlled by pro-democracy councillors.
WHAT DO PROTESTERS WANT?
Some protesters have taken up the motto: “Five demands, not one less!” These are:
For the demonstrators not to be characterized as a “riot”
Pardon for arrested protesters
An independent inquiry into asserted police brutality
Implementation of complete universal franchise
The fifth demand, the extraction of the bill, has already been met. Protests in favor of the Hong Kong movement have spread across the globe, with rallies taking place in the UK, France, US, Canada and Australia. In many cases, people supporting the protesters were confronted by pro-Beijing rallies. Chinese president Xi Jinping has forewarned against separatism, saying any attempt to divide China would end in “bodies smashed and bones ground to powder”.
WHAT IS HONG KONG’S STATUS?
Hong Kong is an erstwhile British colony handed back to China in 1997. It has its own judiciary and a independent legal system from mainland China. Those rights comprise freedom of assembly and freedom of speech. But those freedoms – the Basic Law – lapse in 2047 and it is not clear what Hong Kong’s status will then be.
China’s economy is dealing with many challenges, including from the China-U.S. trade war.
However, options are tilted in China’s favour because the country is far less dependent on India’s market than India is on Chinese imports
India is considering a range of economic measures aimed at Chinese firms amid the border tensions. The move to ban 59 Chinese apps may be just the start, with other measures likely to follow if tensions along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) continue without disengagement.
Following the June 29 ban, Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari announced on July 1 that Chinese companies would not be allowed to take part in road projects.
Reports have said the government is considering trade and procurement curbs targeting China. The government is also increasing scrutiny of Chinese investments in many sectors, and weighing a decision to keep out Chinese companies from 5G trials, in which they are now involved.
The moves could potentially cost Chinese companies billions of dollars in contracts and future earnings. The message from Delhi is it cannot continue trade and investment relations as normal if China does not agree to return to the status quo of April before its incursions along the LAC began.
The Chinese government and State media have hit out at the measures. In separate statements, China’s Foreign Ministry in Beijing and the Chinese Embassy in New Delhi called on India to review the moves. The embassy said the measures “selectively and discriminatorily aims at certain Chinese apps on ambiguous and far-fetched grounds” and “goes against the general trend of international trade and E-commerce, and is not conducive to consumer interests and the market competition in India.”
State media have also widely criticised calls in India to boycott Chinese goods. The Global Times quoted one expert as saying “the sheer irrationality” of the campaign “would only end up dealing a blow to the local people in India”.
China is itself no stranger to such moves, having frequently deployed economic countermeasures, from restricting market access to boycotting goods in the midst of its own disputes with countries ranging from South Korea and Japan to the Philippines and Mongolia.
China’s State media spearheaded a boycott of South Korean goods in 2016 and 2017, when Seoul deployed the U.S. Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile system. China then placed curbs on outbound tourism to South Korea, costing the country millions of dollars in tourism revenue. China also used regulatory measures to close almost 90 Korean-owned Lotte Mart stores in the mainland.
In 2010, China began restricting exports of rare earth elements to Japan – a key ingredient for many electronics industries – following a collision near disputed East China Sea islands. Two years later, mass protests were organised by China over the islands issue, which led to boycotts of Japanese brands and, in some instances, violence targeting Japanese branded-cars and stores. With the Philippines, a dispute over the Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea in 2012 led to China curbing imports on bananas and restricting tourism, costing the country millions of dollars in revenue.
Coercive actions
Economic sanctions have been one of the key tools of Chinese coercion, according to Zhang Ketian, who is writing a book on Chinese coercion and is assistant professor of international security at George Mason University. Based on interviews with Chinese experts and policy documents, Ms. Zhang noted that coercive actions were selective and focused on “targets when economic cost of coercing is low” but the impact is high.
With South Korea, for example, China did not target all sectors. “It left exports of Korean semiconductors, key intermediate goods for Chinese companies, untouched. Seoul relented in October 2017 by issuing a list of assurances meant to clarify to China that Seoul would not expand the scope of THAAD,” said a 2018 report on “China’s use of coercive measures” from the Centre for a New American Security.
The report said China “has punished countries that undermine its territorial claims and foreign policy goals with measures such as restricting trade, encouraging popular boycotts, and cutting off tourism.”
In all those relationships, China had particular leverage that it used to inflict immediate economic pain.
In the India-China economic relationship, where trade is lopsided in China’s favour, both sides have different levers that they could turn to, but the options are tilted in China’s favour because China is far less dependent on India’s market than India is on Chinese imports.
India’s biggest lever is its market, which has emerged as one of the important overseas markets for Chinese companies in the technology space and in telecom. For TikTok, one of the 59 apps banned, India is the biggest overseas market with more than 100 million users according to estimates. While the parent company ByteDance reported modest earnings of $5.8 million in 2018-2019, its first full year in India, company officials said the move could cost billions of dollars in future revenue. A source close to the company told the Chinese finance magazine Caixin that ByteDance “is anticipating a loss of more than $6 billion, most likely more than the combined losses for all the other Chinese companies behind the other 58 apps banned in India.”
A move to restrict Chinese companies from India’s 5G rollout would also have the similar effect of costing hundreds of millions of dollars in potential revenue.
If India does have considerable leverage that could hurt potential revenues of Chinese companies, the problem for Delhi is China could inflict immediate economic pain should it choose to. In 2019-20, India’s imports from China accounted for $65 billion out of two-way trade of $82 billion, and the country relies on China for crucial imports for many of its industries, from auto components to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Between 70 and 90% of APIs, needed for the pharma industry, come from China.
Industry representatives have in recent days already expressed concern over delays in customs clearances. If China curtailed imports as it did with Japan, even if doing so incurred its companies limited costs, the consequences would be far more serious.
Difficult choices
India faces difficult choices and needs to be selective in its measures, said former Foreign Secretary Shyam Saran. “You have to choose areas where you don’t get hurt more than they do,” he said. “TikTok is a good candidate as India is their largest market. Telecom is another. This is a huge market for Huawei. You may stop them for 5G, but at the same time a large part of the infrastructure you already have in place in the 4G network is all Chinese, so we will still need Chinese maintenance and servicing.”
The problem for India is its overall leverage with China is such that it cannot inflict serious pain on the five-times-larger Chinese economy as a whole, even if it could hurt individual companies. This, while India remains deeply dependent on Chinese goods, whether they are procured from China or elsewhere, although China’s exports to India account for less than 3% of its overall exports. On the investment front, Chinese investment in Indian tech start-ups has crossed $4 billion, according to estimates, spanning major investments in companies including Paytm, Swiggy, Ola and Flipkart.
“What do we do, for example, with Paytm?” asked Mr. Saran. “If we stop these investments, we will pull the rug out of the entire ecosystem. The problem is we are far more dependent on Chinese imports than China is dependent on us as a market. Losing a contract to India may cause some pain to companies, but will have a minimal impact on the scale they are operating. If China stops exporting APIs, there will be major disruptions in our pharma industry since producing APIs locally will take time.”
Whether the targeted economic measures will influence Beijing’s behaviour on the border will ultimately depend on China’s calculus and whether Beijing views any perceived gains from the current border stand-offs as outweighing the not insignificant economic costs of losing a key potential market. Moreover, losing this market would come at a time when the Chinese economy is facing its own challenges in the wake of the pandemic and facing increasing barriers in many Western countries.
Data from the department of telecommunications showed that between March 22 and March 28, Indians consumed an average of 307,963 TB or 307 petabytes (PB) of data.
This was a hike of 9% from the 282,282 TB or 282 PB of data used on March 21, the day when the “janata curfew” was announced, and a hike of 13% from March 19, when the consumption was 270 PB. (Bloomberg file photo. Representative image)
India’s internet consumption rose by 13% since the nationwide lockdown was put in place to check the spread of Covid-19, according to telecom ministry data that showed Indians consumed 308 petabytes (PB) or 308,000 terabytes (TB) of data daily on an average for the week beginning March 22.
According to the department of telecom, which collated reports from service providers, the daily average consumption in this period was 9% higher than 282PB data used on March 21 (the day the janta curfew was announced) and 13% more than March 19, when consumption was 270 PB.
The change reflected how people consumed more streaming content and logged on to work from home, which was also captured in how data demand from residences rose as compared to commercial areas.
The consumption, DoT figures show, peaked on two days — March 22 and March 27 — when 312 PB of data was used. On March 26, 311 PB of data was consumed. The lockdown, announced on March 24, began on March 25. On March 22, India was put under a voluntary, one-day curfew.
Since the first week, however, consumption has now stabilised around the 300PB mark.
The data in one PB is equivalent to 500 billion pages of standard printed text.
Andhra Pradesh and Bihar saw some of the most drastic increase – it rose by 12% in both states. In Maharashtra, where data consumption was highest among all states under the lockdown period, the increase was 7%.
The government said that that increase was within their capacity. “We have the capacity to handle a spike of 20% without any duress. We optimised the fibre optics network and have not yet reported a breakdown,” said a DoT official, asking not to be named.
The consumption, the official added, rose lower than it would have since many streaming services such as YouTube and Netflix decided to downgrade video quality.
Rajan Mathews of the Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) said around the third week of March, operators recorded a 30% jump in traffic with most of it from people streaming videos. The COAI wrote to OTT sites to downsize their content.
The decision by media companies to disable high-quality video and optimise bandwidth usage helped networks meet the increased demand, Mathews said, adding that the operators also started using unused cell towers.
“With the consumption moving to residential places, the challenge was that these areas resist installation of cell towers. We worked with the government to ensure that of 800 unused cell towers in metro cities, 730 were made functional,” said Mathews.
A third factor that helped, according to Mathews, was operators being allowed to carry out maintenance work. “Complaints of cuts in fibre optic cables were about 100 a day on an average, this fell down to 6-7 a day,” he said.
India’s consumption rates have seen a steady increase over the last few years. Nokia’s annual Mobile Broadband India Traffic Index (MBiT) report says that there was a whopping 47% jump in the overall data traffic in India in 2019. This translates to 11 GB a month per user, and is driven by 4G consumption.
SpeedTest, a site that analyses internet access performance across the globe, in its latest report on tracking COVID-19’s impact on speeds around the world which was updated on April 15, showed a 6% decline in fixed line speeds and 18% in mobile speeds when compared to the week of March 2. As per the report, India’s current broadband speed is an average of 36.17 mbps and mobile download speed is 9.67 mbps.
While the report put India behind countries like China, Austria, Japan, Israel and UAE, in terms of mobile and fixed broadband performance, it was ahead of countries like Italy, France, Germany, and Canada.
Rajesh Chharia of the Internet Service Providers Association of India (ISPAI) said that while the strain has not increased, internet service providers (ISPs) should be allowed to share infrastructure. He said that it’s a long-term demand, which is awaiting the Centre’s nod.
“If the infrastructure of a provider is full, they may be allowed to overload it with the infrastructure of another to spread the network. This will ensure uninterrupted services,” said Chharia.
The proverb ‘we live in deed, not in years ‘,means that longevity of one’s life is not measured in the number of years one lives, rather it is measured by good deeds done by one throughout his life. Human life is a gift of God and comes with an expiry date. Death is ultimate external truth. The only difference is that some men live a long life and some die young .A short life can made glorious by virtuous deeds. It is much better than a long life which is of no use to others. A noble life backed by the virtues makes an individual life is not about mere existence in this world. Age should not be the criterion of life. Instead one should leave a mark on others lives with his good deeds. Bhagat singh was hanged to death at a young age. However, even today he is remember as a true patriot who sacrificed his life for the nation, swami Vivekananda, mickel Jackson, etc are some famous people who have lived a short but worthy life. All this great men are remember for their noble deeds and great achievement in their respective fields .Their have been an inspiration to many.
All the living being on this earth are the creation of God . The purpose our life should be to do good to others and help them. If throughout our life we are unable to do any good to others, then life is worthless. A selfish person may live long but after his death, nobody remembers him. If at all someone remembers him, it is for his selfish attitude and vices. Good deeds, moral values, and virtues should be the cornerstone of our lives.
It is true that life and death are not in one’s hands and are guided by the will of ‘Almighty ‘.But making our life valuable and worth remembering is definitely in one’s hands. One must set short and long term noble and work in order to achieve them. Nobel deeds are not only about giving a lot of money to charity.
One should always remember that good deeds only live after us. Everyone should try to do something useful for the society so that we may remembered even after we have left this world for ever.
It has much more dimension to it. Small deeds such as being kind and polite to others ,helping the needy and blind person, teaching the poor children, etc are some of the noble deeds that one can do throughout his life span. The human life is about selfless action, gestures and deeds. We all need to strive in order to make the best use of the precious gift of life. Always remember, one crowded hour of a glorious life is worth than age without a name or a good deed.
Teenagers are likely to experiment with substances. Experimentation plays the biggest role in teenage drug abuse. Reports suggest that half of all new drug users are under the age of 18. This is because their brains aren’t fully developed, so they don’t have the decision making capabilities as adults. Their decisions are very spontaneous. Teens who abuse drugs have a greater risk of developing an addiction when they turn into adults. As such, teen abuse can have long term cognitive and behavioral effects since the teenage brain is still developing. Teenagers tend to abuse drugs for the following reasons : • Curiosity • Peer pressure • Stress • A desire to escape • Emotional Struggles
Signs of Teen Drug Abuse There are many signs that a teen is using drugs. It can be difficult to tell the difference between the pangs of adolescence and actual drug use, but parents can be proactive in talking to their teen to find out what’s going on. Some common signs of teen drug abuse include: • Bad grades • Bloodshot eyes • Laughing for no reason • Loss of interest in activities • Poor hygiene • Diminished personal appearance • Avoiding eye contact • Frequent hunger or “munchies” • Smell of smoke on breath or clothes • Secretive behavior • Unusual tiredness • Missing curfew It’s up to parents to initiate a conversation with their children if they suspect drug use. One in five parents who suspect their teen is using drugs do not intervene to prevent further drug use.
Common Drugs that Teens Abuse The most common drugs abused by teens aren’t much different from those of adults. But the reasons for abuse may be different as teens often abuse a substance based on its accessibility. Teens are also more likely to take excessive amounts of drugs and alcohol because of how they perceive the risks and dangers. • ALCOHOL Alcohol is the substance most commonly abused by teens. The social acceptance of drinking among people of legal drinking age can lead many teens to view alcohol as relatively harmless. Research suggests teens are more likely to binge drink because their impulse control hasn’t fully developed. • MARIJUANA Regular marijuana users most often started during their adolescence. The perceptions of marijuana use among teens is changing; most high school seniors do not think smoking marijuana occasionally carries any risk. More than 20 percent of teens report having used marijuana at least once in the past month.
Addiction Treatment for Teens Many teens have a tough time dealing with sadness or other stresses common during adolescence. It is understandable that they may think having a drink or a little marijuana can offer relief. The best way to deal with stress, however, is to seek emotional support or find someone to talk to. If a teen has already tried quitting or reducing use and failed, then it’s important to receive treatment as soon as possible. There are treatment centers designated for teens that target the emotional and social issues that led to their drug use. Most teen treatment centers also offer educational support so teens in recovery don’t get behind in school. The earlier an addiction is recognized, the easier it is to treat.
Fashion has always excited me but what excites me more is the history of fashion. As a student of history, I have a habit of developing interest in everything that has a past. Clothes- a very integral part of fashion have a rich history which we must explore. Today, I’m going to introduce you to the clothing of the Mughal Era. Mughals, for those of my readers who are unaware of these great dynasts, form a very important part of India’s history and even after so many years, continue to dominate its culture. The Mughal clothing was characterized by luxurious styles and was made with muslin, silk, velvet and brocade. Elaborate patterns including dots, checks, and waves were used with colors from various dyes including cochineal, sulfate of iron, sulfate of copper and sulfate of antimony were used.
Men wore long and short robes and coats including the chogha (clothing), a long sleeved coat. A “pagri” (turban) was worn on the head and “patka”, an adorned sash, was worn on the waist. “Paijama” style pants were worn (leg coverings that gave the English word pajama). Other clothing types included: “peshwaz” style robes and “yalek” robes. Women wore “shalwar”, churidar”, “dhilja”, “garara”, and “farshi”. They wore much jewelry including earrings, nose jewelry, necklaces, bangles, belts, and anklets.
Pagri styles included: “Chau-goshia”, in four segments, the dome shaped “qubbedar”, “kashiti”, “dupalli”, embroidered “nukka dar”, and embroidered and velvet “mandil”. Shoe styles included jhuti”, “kafsh”, “charhvan”, “salim shahi” and “khurd nau” and were curved up at the front. Lucknow was known for its shoes and threading embroidery with gold and silver aughi during the era. Mughal emperor turbans usually had turban ornaments on them. They were made of gold and precious gems such as rubies, diamonds, emeralds and sapphire.
The Mughal period was one of the most popular eras of jewelry making, which is well-documented through chronicles and paintings. In fact the earlier Mughal paintings indicate that the era of Akbar’s reign gave anew life into the art, crafting a range of exotic designs. The Mughals contributed in almost all fields of development of jewelry. The use of jewelry was an integral part of the lifestyle, be it the king, men or women or even the king’s horse. Women were known to have as many as 8 complete sets of jewelry. Popular ornaments included two-inch-wide armlets worn above the elbows, bracelets or pearls at the wrist stacked high enough to impede access to the pulse, many rings (with the mirror ring worn on the right thumb customary for nearly all the inhabitants of the Zenana), strings of pearls (as many as 15 strings at a time), metal bands or strings of pearls at the bottom of their legs, and ornaments hanging in the middle of the head in the shape of star, sun, moon, or a flower.
Turban jewelry was considered a privilege of the Emperor. The constant change in the influences from Europe can be clearly witnessed in the design of the turban jewelry. Akbar stuck to Iranian trends of the time by keeping a feather plume upright at the very front of the turban. Jahangir initiated his own softer style with the weighed down plume with a large pearl. By the time of Aurangzeb, this form became more ubiquitous. Turbans were usually heavily set with jewels and fixed firmly with a gem set kalangi or aigrette. Some of the popular head ornaments worn by men were Jigha and Sarpatti, Sarpech, Kalgi, Mukut, Turra and Kalangi. Women also adorned a variety of head ornaments such as Binduli, Kotbiladar, Sekra, Siphul, Tikka and Jhumar. In addition to these, the braid ornaments constituted an important part of women’s head ornaments.
Ear ornaments were also quite popular during the Mughal times. Mughal paintings have represented earrings quite often. Ear ornaments were worn by both men and women. Mor-Bhanwar, Bali, Jhumkas, Kanphool and Pipal patra or papal patti are some of the known earrings from the period. Neck ornaments of different kinds of pearls and precious stones were worn by men and women. Some of the neck ornaments for men included Latkan, amala necklace as well as Mala. Neck ornaments formed an important part of jewelry of women also and included Guluband, Hans, Har and Hasuli. Nose ornaments were worn solely by women. It appears that nose ornaments appeared in India around the last part of the 16th century initiated by Mughals. The variety of nose ornaments worn by women during the Mughal times constituted phul, besar, laung, balu, nath and Phuli. Owing to the relative isolation of the ladies in court, due to the Purdah, fashion in the early days of the empire adhered to traditional dress of Khurasan and Persia. In time, the social and diplomatic relationships between the Mughal Dynasty and the rest of India (Rajputana in particular), led to more exchange in accoutrements. Noble women in the court of Babur or Humayun would have begun their outfits with wide loose pants, painted or stripped. Their upper body was covered in loose garments fastened at the neck or with “V”-shaped necklines. Other articles of clothing included the Yalek: a tightly fitting nearly floor length vest, buttoned in the front, with the chest accentuated, in both short and long sleeve varieties.
With the aim to have an equal world for both males and females, in 1870, a revolution for change by the name ‘feminism’ emerged from France. It firmly believed in equal space for females at par with males. Feminism is a counter to patriarchy – a society in which the males dominate; which is a prevalent form of societal arrangement around the globe. As a movement, it focuses on pointing out the adverse and disastrous effect that patriarchy can bring to a woman to face, not only in the home but also in workplaces.
A constant refraining of females’ equality that they should have been subjected to, make them sceptical of their own self. They accept it as inevitable and devalue themselves. Even biology is widely used as a defence for male’s dominance over females, by limiting the abilities of women, categorizing what they can do and what they can’t. Thus satisfying the deep-rooted gender stratification which hierarchically ranks people in society based on gender. It’s just a very simplified way to stratify society into males and females. But feminist think sex and gender as two different things, sex on the hand is predominantly based on physical things and attributes, gender on the other hand concerns psychological and cultural differences between males and females. In such circumstances around the globe, feminism appears to be that driving force that drives women to stand and ask questions to these patriarchal norms, not themselves. The whole objective is making a change in behaviour and action of society towards females. It’s a journey from A (status quo) to B (female equality).
Feminism, though being a common and well-heard concept to many, is often wrongly interpreted to mean ‘treating women over and above men’. In the pursuance of this misunderstood concept of feminism the aim sometimes becomes ‘destroying men’ instead of destroying the ‘patriarchal ideas’ that are deep-rooted into society. It needs to be realised that this movement is not about making men lesser than women but to make the women equivalent to the men. By meaning or calling men in any way inferior to women, goes completely against the whole idea and concept of feminism.
The very aim of Feminism is not to override men’s’ race and thrash it all together but to rather question and root out patriarchal thoughts from society. Based on these two interpretations, we have two classes of feminists, equality feminists and difference feminist. While the former focus on sameness, latter focuses on putting females somewhat on privileges over males. Formerly made highlights in 19th and 20th century, latter was prevalent near the 1980s and 1990s and afterwards.
To conclude, until women subordination is “common” to both females and males, establishing a society of equality among them is a far cry. All Feminism can do is, it can reach to females and tell them their worth and encourage them for the demand for equality. But the interpretation and foot-steps of feminism must be carefully watched otherwise people will have to start a future movement to root out matriarchy.
On a quiet visit to Ladakh designed to deliver a loud message to China, Prime Minister Narendra Modi told soldiers posted along the Line of Actual Control that the courage they had demonstrated had sent a message to the entire world. Addressing soldiers deployed in Ladakh, PM Modi said tales about their valour were being spoken in every house across the country.
‘The enemy has seen your fire and fury as well,’ PM Modi told the soldiers in an address telecast live from Ladakh to the country. PM Modi also referred to the violent clash between soldiers of India and China at Galwan on 15 June and paid his tributes to soldiers who laid down their lives.
“From Leh, Ladakh to Siachen and Kargil…and Galwan’s icy waters…every mountain, every peak is witness to the valour of Indian soldiers,” PM Modi said. “You have given a befitting reply to people who attempted to conquer,” he told them before going on to deliver his direct message to China.
PM Modi underscored that India had always pursued the path of peace in the world but at the same time, those who are weak can never initiate steps for peace. “Bravery and courage is a prerequisite for peace,” he said.
“We are the same people who pray to the flute playing Lord Krishna but we are also the same people who idolise and follow the same Lord Krishna who carries the ‘Sudarshana Chakra,” the Prime Minister said.
Without naming Beijing that has been trying to encroach into Indian territory in Galwan valley and Pangong Tso and create new boundary disputes, PM Modi said times had changed and the era of expansionism was over. This is the time for development, not expansion, he said.
PM Modi stayed on target and continued hurling darts at China. The expansionist policies of some countries had affected world peace, he said, a clear reference to China that has disputes with 21 of its neighbours.
But history records that expansionist forces have either lost or were forced to turn back, PM Modi said, delivering his final shot before wrapping up his surprise visit. PM Modi’s office had finalised the day-trip to Ladakh late last evening but kept it a closely-guarded secret till the last moment.
News of the visit got out sometime after he landed at Leh’s airport, a height of over 11,000 feet with rarefied atmosphere, dry air and ultra-violet rays from the sun in the cold desert.
PM Modi, 69, headed straight for his briefing by top military commanders at the XIV Corps headquarters at Nimu outside Leh. He had had similar briefings back in Delhi also. This time, PM Modi could see the Zanskar and the mighty Karakorams that he had been spotting on the maps during the briefings. He also interacted with the soldiers to give them pep talks and hear their perspectives before he came around to delivering his speech.
His arrival in Leh had already delivered the first set of messages to Beijing. It also contrasts India’s approach to the standoffs along the Line of Actual Control to Chinese leadership’s efforts to signal a hands-off approach.
The PM’s visit is also a very strong message to President Xi Jinping that either he gets his aggressive Western Theatre Commander Zhao Zongqi to restore status quo ante or accept the inevitable consequences of PLA escalation. The Indian Army and Chinese PLA are locked up at four points on the LAC in East Ladakh with the latter consolidating on ground while mouthing peace overtures.
The location at Nimu where PM Modi addressed soldiers from the army, air force, ITBP and border road organisation resembled an active forward base. “There were artillery guns and other heavy equipment all under camouflage with soldiers wearing helmets and sitting in trenches and other kinds of dug out positions with a rare glint of courage on their faces,” a top military commander said.
Referring to some veterans who taunted that Nimu is a picnic spot, the commander said it was “a picnic spot for those who have treated their tenures as picnics instead of doing serious soldiering. For them even Kargil and Pangong Tso are picnic spots. If only they had treated these locations as future combat zones they would dare to comment,” he said.
RSBY has been launched by Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India to provide health insurance coverage for Below Poverty Line (BPL) families. The objective of RSBY is to provide protection to BPL households from financial liabilities arising out of health shocks that involve hospitalization.
Eligibility
Unorganized sector workers belonging to BPL category and their family members (a family unit of five) shall be the beneficiaries under the scheme.
It will be the responsibility of the implementing agencies to verify the eligibility of the unorganized sector workers and his family members who are proposed to be benefited under the scheme.
The beneficiaries will be issued smart cards for the purpose of identification.
Benefits
The beneficiary shall be eligible for such in – patient health care insurance benefits as would be designed by the respective State Governments based on the requirement of the people/ geographical area. However, the State Governments are advised to incorporate at least the following minimum benefits in the package / scheme:
The unroganised sector worker and his family (unit of five) will be covered.
Total sum insured would be Rs. 30,000/- per family per annum on a family floater basis.
Cashless attendance to all covered ailments
Hospitalization expenses, taking care of most common illnesses with as few exclusions as possible
All pre-existing diseases to be covered
Transportation costs (actual with maximum limit of Rs. 100 per visit) within an overall limit of Rs. 1000.
Funding Pattern
Contribution by Government of India: 75% of the estimated annual premium of Rs. 750, subject to a maximum of Rs. 565 per family per annum. The cost of smart card will be borne by the Central Government.
Contribution by respective State Governments: 25% of the annual premium, as well as any additional premium.
The beneficiary would pay Rs. 30 per annum as registration/renewal fee.
The administrative and other related cost of administering the scheme would be borne by the respective State Governments
Enrollment process
SMART CARD
Smart card is used for a variety of activities like identification of the beneficiary through photograph and fingerprints, information regarding the patient. The most important function of the smart card is that it enables cashless transactions at the empanelled hospital and portability of benefits across the country. The authenticated smart card shall be handed over to the beneficiary at the enrollment station itself. The photograph of the head of the family on the smart card can be used for identification purpose in case biometric information fails.
Some important Frequently Asked Questions:
Where can I get the application form for RSBY?
You can download the Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana Application Form Pdf from your respective state government’s website.Why are the beneficiaries charged Rs. 30 when the government is paying for the scheme?
The amount borne by the beneficiaries i.e. Rs. 30 is simply the registration fee that helps the Nodal agency to cover the administrative costs. The actual premium of the policy is borne entirely by the Central and State Government of India.What is the age limit for dependent children to be covered under RSBY?
There is no age limit on the children of the policyholder under RSBY. However, if more than two children are present in a family the policyholder needs to decide which of them will be covered under the plan.Whose biometric information is required at the time of medical emergency?
Any beneficiary can give their biometric information at the time of hospitalization or claim. The presence of the head of the household is not mandatory at the hospital.What kind of endorsements are allowed in the smart card in the middle of the policy period?
Addition and removal of family members is allowed in the middle of the policy period only in case of death and newborn child. An additional member of the immediate family can be added only in case of the death of a beneficiary.Who can enrol under Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana?
Any member belonging to the below poverty line can enrol under this scheme. This plan is beneficial especially for rickshaw pullers, rag pickers, mine workers, sanitation workers, drivers of commercial workers, etc.
Checking and scrolling through social media has become an increasingly popular activity over the last decade. Although the majority of peoples’ use of social media is non-problematic, there is a small percentage of users that become addicted to social networking sites and engage in excessive or compulsive use. In fact, psychologists estimate that as many as 5 to 10% of Americans meet the criteria for social media addiction today. Social media addiction is a behavioral addiction that is characterized as being overly concerned about social media, driven by an uncontrollable urge to log on to or use social media, and devoting so much time and effort to social media that it impairs other important life areas.
How Social Media Affects the Brain
Due to the effect that it has on the brain, social media is addictive both physically and psychologically. According to a new study by Harvard University, self-disclosure on social networking sites lights up the same part of the brain that also ignites when taking an addictive substance. The reward area in the brain and its chemical messenger pathways affect decisions and sensations. When someone experiences something rewarding, or uses an addictive substance, neurons in the principal dopamine-producing areas in the brain are activated, causing dopamine levels to rise. Therefore, the brain receives a “reward” and associates the drug or activity with positive reinforcement.
Growing up, we millennials didn’t even know what social media was, let alone how it might play such a big part in our adult lives. If you feel you are becoming addicted to social media, don’t worry, there are steps you can take to beat your social media addiction.
In the past decade, social media has crept from our computer screens onto the screens of our handheld devices. With the flick of a finger we can upload photos directly from our phones onto our social media accounts, reply instantly to messages, or see what our families and friends have been up to. With our mobiles always within arm’s reach, it can be super easy to become a little too enamoured with social media and it can negatively affect our relationships with others. So here are some tips on how to gain control of your social media addiction.
1. Turn Off Your Notifications When you stop notifications from disturbing your normal routine, you might find it easier to concentrate on your daily tasks and not get distracted so easily. Notifications are a constant reminder that something is happening in the online world and you might feel like you’re missing out. So to quell your FOMO, turn off your notifications. The bonus is, when you do come around to checking your social media, you may have a build up of more notifications which will make it more exciting and will make the experience more rewarding.
2. Limit Yourself Set a timer on your watch or phone, to limit the amount of time you spend on social media. Choose a limit depending on the severity of your addiction – say an hour a day, which equates to seven hours per week – and whenever you check your accounts, start your timer going. When you reach your limit, be strong and don’t be tempted to add on extra time. This will be a strong test of your willpower, but it will be worth it in the end.
3. Get A New Hobby You may have a lot more free time on your hands now that you’re trying to cut down on your social media usage, so why not pick up a new hobby to fill your spare time? You could learn a new skill or do something you’ve always wanted to do but never had the time. You’ll probably surprise yourself at how much free time you have when you stop mindlessly scrolling through your newsfeed. Plus your new hobby will keep your mind and hands preoccupied when you’re craving social media.
4. Spend More Time With Your Loved Ones Instead of keeping up to date with your friends’ and family members’ lives through a screen, spend time with them in the real world and reconnect with them. Make new memories and keep them personal to you — you don’t need to document everything you do in life with selfies
Arunachal Pradesh, also known as the state of Rising Sun, is a state of India. It is located in the North-eastern region of the country and is one of the seven sister state. It shares borders with Assam and Nagaland to the south. The state also shares international borders with Bhutan in the west, Myanmar in the east and disrupted borders with China in the north.
The state has long been recognised as a region of Indian subcontinent and finds its mentions in ancient Hindu literature like in Kalika Purana and the epic poems of Mahabharata and Ramayana. The state was a part of Assam until it was made a Union Territory in 1972 and in 1987 it was made an Indian state.
Geography and biodiversity
Arunachal Pradesh, is characterized by mountainous ranges and sub mountainous ranges along the northern part. The state encompasses three broad physiological regions. The highest peak of the state is Kangto. The states extreme eastern peaks are described to as “the land of rising sun” in historic texts. The villages of Dong and Vijaynagar receive the first sunlight in all of India.
Arunachal Pradesh has among the highest diversity of mammals and birds in India. The state is the home of about 750 species of birds and 200 species of mammals. The forest area in the state accounts for about one-third habitat area among Himalayan biodiversity hotspots.
Tribes and Religion
Arunachal Pradesh has a truly varied culture with 26 major tribes and multiple sub-tribes. Each tribe is characterized by its own unique set of culture and traditions. • The first group of people in Arunachal Pradesh is made of Monpas and Sherdukpens of Tawang and West Kamang district. The following Lamaistic tradition of Mahayana Buddhism. • The second group are the worshipers of Sun and Moon God, and comprises of Adis, Akas, Apatanis, Bhagnis, Mijis, Mishmis, Nishis and Thongsas. • The third group consist of Octes and Wanchos tribal communities of Tirap district. They are followers of Vaishnavism and maintain strict village society which is ruled by hereditary chief.
The people of the state mostly practices indigenous religion which is highly inclines towards nature. However Christianity too in practiced by 30% of the population. Certain amount of the state population practice Hinduism. Tibetan Buddhist is practiced in certain parts of the states which is adjacent to Tibet. The central faith along the Burmese border is Theravada Buddhism.
Art and Dance
The state of Arunachal Pradesh possesses great craftsmanship skills. From weaving to painting, carpet making to pottery, wood carving to ornament making, basketry to cane and bamboo work and many more, the local man are skilled for all. The women on the other hand expertise on handloom and handicraft making.
Dance and music are important part of life of Arunachal tribes. Various dance forms are seen in different part of Arunachal Pradesh. They can broadly be divided into four different categories, namely, festival dance, ritual dance, recreational dance and dance drama. Most of the dances are accompanied by chorus songs.
Festivals
The people of Arunachal Pradesh celebrate a string of festivals, and the reason ranges from religious to socio cultural to agricultural. Since agriculture is the main occupation, there are many festival celebrated for good harvest. Some predominant festival of the state include Losar, Solung, Boori- Boot, Mopin, Dree, Nyokum, Reh, Si-Donyi etc.
For many of us, quarantine has disrupted our daily routines which have in turn affected our sleep patterns. Sleep is essential for the well being of our mental health, so if like me, you’re too struggling to sleep during this challenging time, I’ve picked out three things that have personally helped me to relax and fall asleep.
Avoid checking the news before sleeping
I’ve noticed that if I watch or read the news before I go to sleep, it leaves me with anxiety, feelings of uncertainty, and even stress which then keeps me awake thinking about what’s to come next. Getting your news updates in the morning is so much easier for me as it gives me the whole day to process what’s happening in the world around me instead of trying to process all the heavy information at night.
Create a routine for yourself
For a person who has not believed in maintaining strict routines, I discovered that creating a routine for yourself can help you by providing a structure and offer feelings of normality, which for me now has taken away a lot of the stress. In the time that is so uncertain and unstable, having a routine can make you feel in control and calm about your surroundings. Try and stick to the same sleep schedule at night so that you can follow your daily routine without any trouble.
have a relaxing bath before sleeping
Taking time out of your schedule to have a relaxing bath or shower can help you fall asleep faster and also improves the overall quality of sleep. The cooling down of your body helps build a strong urge to sleep which can send you into a deeper sleep. This is something that has undoubtedly helped with my sleep struggles over the past month.
acknowledge and accept the change
At this time it is very difficult to not feel anxious about what the future holds and what’s to come. It’s human to feel worried about yourself and the ones you love and care about and it is also normal for there to be a change in the sleeping and eating patterns to feel more comfortable. But if you feel like you’re losing control of things around you, take a deep breath in and remember that this will not last forever.
REMINDER: IT’S OKAY TO NOT BE PRODUCTIVE EVERYDAY. YOUR WORTH IS INDEPENDENT OF YOUR PRODUCTIVITY
PART 1
Here are 4 productive things to do during quarantine:
1. Learn to play an instrument
Playing an instrument is a great skill, you could start with an instrument that you have always thought of playing- a guitar, a ukulele, a tabla or an instrument that is fascinating to you. Though it will take some time to get used to the habit of following YouTube tutorials or online lessons, but once you get a hang of it, you’ll realise just how rewarding it is. With so much time on your hands you’ll not be under any pressure to reschedule your day and make time out of you busy schedule, instead you’ll be able to take it at your pace and pay more attention to details.
There are hundreds of thousands of authors and an even bigger amount of books you could read. Books are an essential item for improving your language as well as your vocabulary. They develop your knowledge – and like instruments, they help sharpen your memory. If you don’t want to shell out money from your pocket and/or are sceptical to order paperbacks online from stores like Amazon or Flipkart, the easier way out is free e-book websites.
Baking is incredible and extremely fulfilling: mix a few ingredients, put it in the oven – and bingo! You have a tasty treat for yourself. Baking can also be advantageous for mental health as it is very therapeutic and calming for the brain. Research show that it is a great stress reliever and can leave you feeling happier and more positive.
Here are some YouTube channels that will make you want to run to you kitchen to get your supplies
If you want to level up and attempt a more challenging activity, which will benefit you exceedingly- learn a new language. It is scientifically proven that learning a new language makes you smarter and helps in developing cognitive abilities. Learning a new language help strengthen your listening and multitasking skills. Research also suggests that it helps prevent the onset of Alzheimers.
There are plenty apps and e-learning wesbites that can help you learn a language. These include: Affordable yet excellent language courses on Udemy and Courseraalso offers such free and paid courses by prestigious universities from all over the globe.
After the introduction of online news, many news consumers are abandoning the traditional newspapers to access information online. Since most newspaper companies used to get revenues from printing news on print media, the changes have also made them follow the trend by uploading information online on their websites.
People prefer reading news from online sources to print media since the former is easy to access. Here are some of the devices that one can use to read news and information online anywhere and anytime, they include mobile phones, PDAs, laptops, personal computers. Without an internet connection, you cannot get access to news regardless of the time, therefore, to ensure that you stay up-to-date, you need to connect your devices to the internet. Unlike newspapers whose circulation is limited, online news can be accessed on any day, thereby allowing readers to get the information while traveling.
With online news and information, you do not have to pay a cent to access them. Unlike traditional newspapers and print magazine and journals where one has to pay for them before accessing the information, online news are free and doesn’t cost a dollar to access them.
Most of the online news companies tend to update their sites with new information every time. The fact that the news websites are updated with new information every now and then, readers can sit back and relax knowing that they can get the latest information of events. When you rely on newspapers and print magazines, you will have to wait until the following day before you can access the latest news.
The other beauty of online newspapers is that you can access various newspapers from a single platform. Newspapers readers tend to incur costs when they purchase a number of newspapers from different companies when they want to get detailed information. Besides, nowadays, most online news companies rely on websites that specialise in posting news from several companies under one platform to make their information reach the audience.
One of the features of online news that makes them better than print media is their ability to make articles more interactive. While reading news online, there are sections where you can view videos of the events being described. Adding videos to traditional newspapers are physically impossible.
People should read online news since they enable them to access many articles. When you buy a newspaper, you can only read the articles written in the paper.
In addition, with online news, readers can compare the news they receive from one online site with another one. The news company classify the information on their sites into different groups, these include politics, sports, education, fashion, among others. Based on the benefits discussed in this article, it is clear that online news are way too far better than traditional newspapers.
Agricultural productivity depends on several factors. These include the availability and quality of agricultural inputs such as land, water, seeds and fertilizers, access to agricultural credit and crop insurance, assurance of remunerative prices for agricultural produce, and storage and marketing infrastructure, among others.
As of 2009-10, more than half of the total workforce (53%) of the country, were employed in agriculture. The share of population dependent on agriculture for its livelihood consists of landowners, tenant farmers who cultivate a piece of land, and agricultural labourers who are employed on these farms. Agricultural output has been volatile over the past 10 years, with annual growth ranging from 8.6% in 2010-11, to -0.2% in 2014-15 and 0.8% in 2015-16.
The country’s requirement for food grains in order to provide for its population is estimated to be 300 million tonnes by 2025.The estimate of food grains production in 2015-16 is 252 million. This implies that the crop output needs to grow at an annual average of 2%, which is close to the current growth trend.
Despite high levels of production, agricultural yield in India is lower than other large producing countries. Agricultural yield is the quantity of a crop produced on one unit of land. Agricultural yield of food grains has increased by more than four times since 1950-51, and was 2,070 kg/hectare in 2014-15.
Besides providing for the livelihood of farmers and labourers, the agricultural sector also addresses food security for the nation. The Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations defines food security as a situation where all people have, at all times, physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets the dietary needs and food preferences for a healthy and active life. Despite high levels of production in the country, 15% of the population continues to be under-nourished, as per 2014 estimates.
India enacted the National Food Security Act in 2013. The 2013 Act aims to provide food and nutritional security to people by ensuring access to adequate amount of quality food at affordable prices. Under the 2013 Act, persons belonging to certain categories are provided with food grains (wheat, rice and coarse cereals) at subsidised prices. As of 2015, 68% of the population, i.e. 81 crore persons (of which 77% are in rural areas and 23% in urban areas) are covered under the Act.
Over the past few decades, with increasing per capita income and access to a variety of food groups, the consumption pattern of food in the country has been changing. Dependence on cereals for nutrition has decreased and the consumption of protein has increased. Sources of protein include pulses, meat, seafood, and eggs, among others. According to report by the Finance Ministry, incentivising the production of pulses in the country, poor levels of nutrition suggest that increasing the consumption of proteins should be the policy priority for the government. The report estimates that the cost of pulses as a source of protein is lower than other sources. Under the current domestic scenario, India is facing a shortage of pulses which is being managed by increasing imports. Thus, the struggle to find a balance between economic growth and ensuring food security continues.
Headphones and earbuds are everywhere – but that doesn’t mean they’re safe for your ears. Using earbuds and headphones can cause damage to your hearing if you aren’t careful. Learn how to keep yourself safe.
Chances are you have a smartphone in your pocket, and a pair of headphones that connect it directly to your ears. Unfortunately, those same devices that make listening to music or talking on the phone so simple might also be damaging your ears.
According to a 2011 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, the use of headphones and earbuds has led to a major increase in the prevalence of hearing loss in adolescents and young adults. It’s reasonable to assume the same is true for adults using the same devices as well. So what can you do to keep yourself safe from hearing loss caused by headphones or other audio devices?
HOW LOUD NOISE CAN DAMAGE HEARING
The key danger of headphones is volume – the fact that they can produce very loud levels of sound very close to your ear. This is dangerous for your hearing because loud noises, in general, are damaging to your ears.
When sound waves reach our ears, they cause the eardrum to vibrate. This vibration is transmitted to the inner ear through several small bones, where it reaches the cochlea. The cochlea is a fluid-filled chamber in your ear that contains many thousands of small “hairs.” When sound vibrations reach the cochlea, the fluid inside it vibrates and causes the hairs to move. Louder sounds cause stronger vibrations, which cause the hairs to move more.
When you listen to sounds that are too loud for too long, these hair cells lose their sensitivity to vibration. Many loud noises cause the cells to bend or fold over. This is what causes the sensation of “temporary hearing loss” after you are exposed to loud noises. The hair cells take time to recover from extreme vibrations caused by loud noise.
In some cases, however, the cells never recover. They may be too damaged to function normally any longer. This leads to lasting hearing loss. This type of noise-induced hearing damage is almost impossible to recover from. No cure exists for repairing a damaged inner ear.
THE ROLE OF HEADPHONES
Headphones cause damage to your ears the same way other loud noises do, resulting in what audiologists call “noise-induced hearing loss.” Over time the sounds from your headphones cause the hair cells in the cochlea to bend down too much or too severely. If they don’t get time to recover, the damage can be permanent.
However, headphones don’t have to be extremely loud to damage your ears. Even listening to headphones or earbuds at a moderate volume can damage your hearing over time. That’s because your ears are not just damaged by the loudness of a noise, but by the length of exposure as well. That’s the same reason going to a concert or using loud power tools can damage your ears as much as a much louder gunshot or explosion. The duration of the exposure matters just as much as the volume.
As you can see, louder noises cause hearing damage much faster than quieter ones, but quiet ones can still cause damage over time. For instance, a 90 decibel (dB) noise – about the same as a loud motorcycle approximately 30 feet away – causes hearing damage in under 3 hours. A sound of about 105 dB – similar to a gas lawnmower or other power tools – can damage your hearing in less than 5 minutes.
What about headphones? Unfortunately that question isn’t easy to answer because decibel ratings from headphones vary. The “loudness” of your headphones is based on the volume you’ve set your phone or device to as well as the type and make of headphone you use.
For instance, classic iPod earbuds at 100% volume on an iPhone can hit noise levels of 112dB for the wearer, leading to hearing damage in minutes. The same earbuds at 60% volume measure approximately 80 dB, which makes them safe to listen to for several hours.
You should note that decibels decrease with distance – the closer you are to the source of a sound, the louder it is. For this reason, many audiologists and hearing experts recommend over-the-ear headphones instead of in-ear models like earbuds. The extra distance between the speakers and the ear can significantly reduce the loudness of the audio and help prevent hearing damage.
HOW TO AVOID HEARING DAMAGE FROM HEADPHONES
Avoiding headphone-induced hearing damage isn’t too hard. It simply requires most people to break some habits with their headphone use.
TURN DOWN THE VOLUME
The single biggest change you can make to protect your hearing is to turn down the volume on your devices. Noise-induced hearing loss is caused primarily by exposure to very loud noise. Limiting your exposure can protect your ears.
USE NOISE-CANCELING HEADPHONES
Most people listen to headphones at a high volume to “drown out” other sounds. One good way to lower the volume on your devices and protect your ears is to use noise-canceling headphones. These headphones block out external sound, letting you enjoy your music or videos at a lower volume without distraction.
USE OVER-THE-EAR MODELS
As we mentioned above, audiologists and otologists frequently recommend using over-the-ear headphones instead of in-ear or earbud-style models. Over-the-ear headphones increase the distance between your eardrums and the speakers, lowering the chance for hearing loss.
LIMIT YOUR EXPOSURE
Along with turning down the volume, you can also protect your ears by reducing your listening time. One good rule of thumb is the “60-60 rule”: Don’t listen at any louder than 60% of max volume for any longer than 60 minutes at a time.
Unfortunately your ears may never heal completely if they are already damaged from headphone-related noise. That doesn’t mean you’ll never hear well again, though. A hearing aid from a licensed audiologist can restore hearing ability and make it easy for you to hear again.
Feminist literature is fiction, nonfiction, drama or poetry which supports the feminist goals of defining, establishing and defending equal civil, political, economic and social rights for women. It often identifies women’s roles as unequal to those of men – particularly as regards status, privilege and power – and generally portrays the consequences to women, men, families, communities and societies as undesirable. The feminist movement produced feminist fiction, feminist non-fiction, and feminist poetry, which created new interest in women’s writing. It also prompted a general reevaluation of women’s historical and academic contributions in response to the belief that women’s lives and contributions have been underrepresented as areas of scholarly interest. There has also been a close link between feminist literature and activism, with feminist writing typically voicing key concerns or ideas of feminism in a particular era. Much of the early period of feminist literary scholarship was given over to the rediscovery and reclamation of texts written by women. In Western feminist literary scholarship, Studies like Dale Spender’s Mothers of the Novel (1986) and Jane Spencer’s The Rise of the Woman Novelist (1986) were ground-breaking in their insistence that women have always been writing. Commensurate with this growth in scholarly interest, various presses began the task of reissuing long-out-of-print texts. Virago Press began to publish its large list of 19th and early-20th-century novels in 1975 and became one of the first commercial presses to join in the project of reclamation. In the 1980s Pandora Press, responsible for publishing Spender’s study, issued a companion line of 18th-century novels written by women. More recently, Broadview Press continues to issue 18th- and 19th-century novels, many hitherto out of print, and the University of Kentucky has a series of republications of early women’s novels. Particular works of literature have come to be known as key feminist texts. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) by Mary Wollstonecraft, is one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy. A Room of One’s Own (1929) by Virginia Woolf, is noted in its argument for both a literal and figural space for women writers within a literary tradition dominated by patriarchy. Germaine Greer’s The Female Eunuch (1970) questions the self-limiting role of the woman homemaker. The widespread interest in women’s writing is related to a general reassessment and expansion of the literary canon. Interest in post-colonial literatures, gay and lesbian literature, writing by people of colour, working people’s writing, and the cultural productions of other historically marginalized groups has resulted in a whole scale expansion of what is considered “literature”, and genres hitherto not regarded as “literary”, such as children’s writing, journals, letters, travel writing, and many others are now the subjects of scholarly interest. Most genres and subgenres have undergone a similar analysis, so literary studies has entered new territories such as the “female gothic or women’s science fiction. In addition, many feminist movements have embraced poetry as a vehicle through which to communicate feminist ideas to public audiences through anthologies, poetry collections, and public readings.
In 1999, Indian politics was going through a period of instability. Atal Bihari Vajpayee was the Prime Minister at that time, but he had to leave the chair within 13 months. Two months after Atal Bihari Vajpayee became Prime Minister, Vladimir Putin knocked into power in Russia. Since 1999, India has seen three Prime Ministers but Putin is still the President of Russia and this sequence can continue till 2036. The people of Russia have supported the necessary constitutional amendment for Putin to remain in power till 2036 in the referendum. According to Russia’s Central Election Commission, the ballot count is almost complete and 78 per cent of the people have supported the constitutional amendment so far. On the other hand, the opposition has accused the government of disturbing the voting. Let us know that Putin’s current six-year term is ending in 2024. Russia’s constitution prescribes a two-term term for the presidency, so after 2024, Putin would have to be out of power. Putin has been the President of Russia from 1999 to 2008 and from 2012 till now. He was also the Prime Minister of Russia in 1999 and till 2008-12. If 67-year-old Putin remains in power in Russia until 2036, then his age will be 83 years.
The date of the referendum on constitution amendment was fixed earlier on 22 April but due to the Corona epidemic, it had to be postponed. Apart from allowing Putin to serve two terms of the president, the referendum also includes about 200 other amendments. This includes issues like guarantee pension and bans on gay marriage. This amendment will also increase Putin’s dominance over Ukraine. In January, when the entire cabinet of Putin, including Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, resigned, there was speculation that Putin was going to make a big perversion. It is now clear that this was done to ease the process of the constitution amendment process.
Putin first became president in 1999 for the first time. He held this post after Boris Yeltsin resigned. Before joining politics, he used to work in the Soviet Union’s intelligence agency KGB. The constitution of Russia allows the president only for two consecutive terms. Hence Putin became Prime Minister after his initial two terms. When Putin crossed this deadline in 2008, he swapped positions with Medvedev very easily. However, he remained in control of the government even during this. Putin has been in power in Russia since 1999. After Stalin, the record for the longest tenure in the name of Putin is recorded. Leader of the Opposition Alexei Navalny said in an interview that all the changes are simply giving the same message that Putin is not going to give up power in any case. After this new step, some editorial articles are also saying how stupid those people were who were talking of Putin’s farewell in 2024!
So we all know about horse shoe crabs those infamous hideous looking gentle and harmless organism sometimes termed as the living fossil because of their presence on our planet since millions and millions of years. So blood harvest happens on the blood of a horse shoe crab which has a striking baby blue colored blood due to presence of copper rich haemocyanin agents(like we have iron rich haemoglobin).The marvelous thing about horseshoe crab blood, though, isn’t the color. It’s a chemical found only in the amoebocytes of its blood cells that can detect mere traces of bacterial presence and trap them in inescapable clots. To take advantage of this biological idiosyncrasy, pharmaceutical companies burst the cells that contain the chemical, called coagulogen. Then, they can use the coagulogen to detect contamination in any solution that might come into contact with blood. If there are dangerous bacterial endotoxins in the liquid—even at a concentration of one part per trillion—the horseshoe crab blood extract will go to work, turning the solution into what scientist Fred Bang, who co-discovered the substance, called a “gel.”
“This gel immobilized the bacteria but did not kill them,” Bang wrote in the 1956 paper announcing the substance. “The gel or clot was stable and tough and remained so for several weeks at room temperature.”If there is no bacterial contamination, then the coagulation does not occur, and the solution can be considered free of bacteria. It’s a simple, nearly instantaneous test that goes by the name of the LAL, or Limulus amebocyte lysate, test (after the species name of the crab, Limulus polyphemus).The LAL testreplaced the rather horrifying prospect of possibly contaminated substances being tested on “large colonies of rabbits.” Pharma companies didn’t like the rabbit process, either, because it was slow and expensive.
The only problem is that the companies need a large supply of the blood of live crabs. Horseshoe crabs live on the seafloor, near the shore. When they want to mate, they swim into very shallow water, and horseshoe crab collectors wade along, snatching the crabs out of their habitat. The biomedical collectors are not the first to make use of the crabs’ bodies. As far back as colonial times, “cancerine fertilizer” was used to enrich fields. In the 20th century, though, this became an organized industry around the Delaware Bay. The crabs were steamed and then ground into meal for the fields. Others were fed to hogs. Millions of crabs were harvested.
After the biomedical horseshoe crab collectors get them back to a lab, they pierce the tissue around the animals’ hearts and drain up to 30 percent of the animals’ blood. The LAL is extracted from the blood, and can go for $15,000 per quart. Only five companies bleed the crabs: Associates of Cape Cod, Lonza, Wako Chemicals, Charles River Endosafe, and Limuli Labs .The horseshoe crabs are returned to the ocean a great distance from where they were initially picked up to avoid rebleeding animals. The whole process takes between 24 and 72 hours.The industry says that not that many of the animals die. Between 10 and 30 percent of the bled animals, according to varying estimates, actually die. We can imagine that it’s like us giving blood. The crabs get some apple juice and animal crackers and are fine soon thereafter.But some people have noticed problems. In the regions where horseshoe crabs are harvested in large numbers for biomedical purposes
Horseshoe crabs are an ancient animal, more than half a billion years old. They have their own ways of doing things, a fact we’ve been exploiting for decades.Our own species evolved a thousand times more recently, coming into our current anatomical form a couple hundred thousand years ago. Let’s hope we don’t wipe horseshoe crabs out after we finish cloning their ancient chemical wisdom.
Leaders help themselves and others to do the right things. They set direction, build an inspiring vision, and create something new. Leadership is about mapping out where you need to go to “win” as a team or an organization; and it is dynamic, exciting, and inspiring.
Yet, while leaders set the direction, they must also use management skills to guide their people to the right destination, in a smooth and efficient way.
The following are important factors of leadership:—
1.UNWAVERING COURAGE It is based upon knowledge of self, and of one’s occupation. No follower wishes to be dominated by a leader who lacks self- confidence and courage. No intelligent follower will be dominated by such a leader very long.
2.SELF-CONTROL. The man who cannot control himself, can never control others. Self-control sets a mighty example for one’s followers, which the more intelligent will emulate.
3.A KEEN SENSE OF JUSTICE. Without a sense of fairness and justice, no leader can command and retain the respect of his followers.
4.DEFINITENESS OF DECISION. The man who wavers in his decisions, shows that he is not sure of himself. He cannot lead others successfully.
5.DEFINITENESS OF PLANS. The successful leader must plan his work, and work his plan. A leader who moves by guesswork, without practical, definite plans, is comparable to a ship without a rudder. Sooner or later he will land on the rocks.
6.THE HABIT OF DOING MORE THAN PAID FOR. One of the penalties of leadership is the necessity of willingness, upon the part of the leader, to do more than he requires of his followers.
7.A PLEASING PERSONALITY. No slovenly, careless person can become a successful leader. Leadership calls for respect. Followers will not respect a leader who does not grade high on all of the factors of a Pleasing Personality.
8.SYMPATHY AND UNDERSTANDING. The successful leader must be in sympathy with his followers. Moreover, he must understand them and their problems.
9.WILLINGNESS TO ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY. The successful leader must be willing to assume responsibility for the mistakes and the shortcomings of his followers. If he tries to shift this responsibility, he will not remain the leader. If one of his followers makes a mistake, and shows him incompetent, the leader must consider that it is he who failed.
10.COOPERATION. The successful leader must understand, and apply the principle of cooperative effort and be able to induce his followers to do the same. Leadership calls for POWER, and power calls for COOPERATION.
Inspired by the Hon’ble Prime Minister’s impetus on Jal Sanchay, the Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA) is a time-bound, mission-mode water conservation campaign. The JSA aims at making water conservation a Jan Andolan through asset creation and extensive communication.
If 2014-19 was the phase to drive and upscale sanitation in the country, then 2019-24 will drop the spotlight on water. Reason: the rising water emergency that’s making India listen to alarm bells and consequentially a strong political commitment coming into place.
As promised by the Bharatiya Janata Party in its election manifesto, a unified Ministry of Jal Shakti was launched in May 2019 as an immediate response to the escalating water crisis in the country.
It also saw the reorganisation of existing ministries and departments like the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation as well as the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation coming under the umbrella of this new ministry.
Within a month of announcing the Ministry of Jal Shakti, the government launched Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA), an intensive water conservation campaign built on citizen participation to accelerate water conservation across the country.
In the short run, the campaign will focus on integrated demand and supply-side management of water at the local level, including creation of local infrastructure for source sustainability using rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge and management of household wastewater for reuse.
For the long run, the government launched the Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) with an aim to ensure piped water supply to all rural households by 2024.
While the government has put up broader plans to solve the ongoing water crisis, there is a critical need to spell out JSA’s outcomes and targets in a tangible and achievable manner. Rainwater harvesting is a critical intervention and should be undertaken intensively in the identified 256 water-stressed districts where groundwater availability has reached critical and over exploited levels.
However, in the absence of targets, the focus on objectives can be limited as one cannot ascertain the extent of work to be done, priority areas to be covered, and how to actually measure performance.
Under this campaign, targeted activities shall be undertaken under 5 areas of intervention namely:
(i) Water conservation and rainwater harvesting
(ii) Renovation of traditional water bodies/tanks
(iii) Reuse, borewell recharge structures
(iv) Watershed development, and
(v) Intensive afforestation.
Govt. to start Jal Shakti Abhiyan for 255 water-stressed districts from July 1. The Centre is set to initiate the Jal Shakti Abhiyan to ramp up rainwater harvesting and conservation efforts in 255 water-stressed districts from July 1, in line with the government’s promise to focus on water.
Physical fitness or wellness gets a lot of consideration, and all things considered. A sound body can forestall conditions, for example, coronary illness and diabetes, and assist you with keeping up freedom as you age.
Mental fitness or wellness is similarly as significant as physical wellness, and shouldn’t be disregarded. Counting mental skill practices into your day by day schedule can assist you with receiving the rewards of a more honed mind and a more beneficial body for a considerable length of time to come.
Mental wellness implies keeping your cerebrum and passionate wellbeing fit as a fiddle. It doesn’t mean preparing for “cerebrum Olympics” or acing an IQ test. It alludes to a progression of activities that help you:
slow down
decompress
support a hailing memory
It’s nothing unexpected that the more you help your body, the more you help your mind. Physical action expands the progression of oxygen to your mind. It likewise builds the measure of endorphins, the “vibe great” synthetic concoctions, in your cerebrum. Therefore, it’s not astonishing that individuals who are fit as a fiddle likewise will in general appreciate a more elevated level of mental dexterity.
Taking part in a vivacious physical exercise can assist you with doing combating sadness and increase an increasingly inspirational point of view. It’s additionally an extraordinary method to beat pressure, which can hurt you intellectually and truly.
Mental exercise is similarly as gainful. As per an investigation in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, certain memory preparing activities can build “liquid insight,” the capacity to reason and take care of new issues.
While practice is useful for the cerebrum and the body, so is reflection. Reflection, related to different strategies, is an elective method to treat gloom. Quieting the psyche permits you to issue illuminate in a progressively loosened up way.
Advantages of mental wellness
At the point when you hit the sack in the wake of a monotonous day, your body starts to unwind. Be that as it may, the brain doesn’t generally follow.
Perception can help. You can frequently accomplish a feeling of serenity through symbolism, the way toward imagining a peaceful scene or area. This training can lessen pressure in both your body and your psyche by testing neurons in the less-prevailing region of your mind.
The less-predominant side of your mind is simply the region that controls emotions certainty and confidence. At the point when you consider some different option from your every day stresses, you increment action in the neural structures of that region of your mind.
At last, representation can help your passionate prosperity and quiet you down intellectually.
Become intellectually fit
Keeping your psyche intellectually fit isn’t as troublesome as preparing for a long distance race, however it’s a decent similarity. You can add mental activities to the numerous exercises you as of now perform, for example,
perusing
wandering off in fantasy land
discovering humor throughout everyday life
You may attempt the accompanying ways to deal with increment your psychological wellness.
Quit performing various tasks
You may imagine that performing multiple tasks empowers you to complete more things on the double, yet it really makes a bigger number of issues than it unravels. Concentrating on each assignment in turn will improve your focus and help you to be progressively gainful.
Insistence, or conversing with yourself in a positive way, includes fortifying neural pathways to bring your self-assurance, prosperity, and fulfillment to a more significant level.
Be sure with yourself Positive certification is one road to expanded mental capability.
To begin, make a rundown of your great characteristics. Advise yourself that you don’t need to be great. Set objectives for what you need to improve and begin little to abstain from turning out to be overpowered.
Take a stab at something else
New encounters can likewise show you the way to mental wellness. You can fit new methodologies into your every day life in an assortment of ways:
Attempt new nourishments.
Attempt better approaches to achieve routine assignments.
Travel to new places.
Take another approach to work or the market.
As indicated by the Alzheimer’s Association, research shows that keeping your cerebrum dynamic expands its essentialness. Doing new things in new manners seems to help hold synapses and associations. It might even create new synapses. Generally, breaking out of your routine can help keep your mind remain solid.
The takeaway
Mental wellness is critical to keeping up your mind and your body sound, particularly as you age. There are numerous kinds of mental smoothness activities, and you don’t have to go to the rec center to do them. They incorporate dynamic ones, for example, learning another tune or playing a game, just as soothing ones, for example, unwinding and perception works out. Timetable a psychological wellness break into your schedule directly close to your exercise plan. Your psyche and your wellbeing are justified, despite all the trouble.
Everyone has difference in opinions which leads to disagreement and argument with partner, family member and over close to them. At times, we all do things that cause unhappiness to people who care for us. Our actions and words might hurt our loved ones, and we do regret it. However if it becomes a constant and consistent phenomenon, then chances are you are in an abusive relationship. It is difficult for the victims to get out of an abusive relationships. In most of the cases the victim might start thinking it is their fault and they deserve it, but the fact is no more deserves it. Do not blame yourself for someone else’s behaviour. Most of us characterise abusive relationships only with domestic abuse, however this might not always be the case. Here are the types of abusive relationships.
Physical Abuse Physical abuse is intentional and unwanted contact to you or something close to your body. It might not always leave a bruise, but it is still unhealthy. It includes : • Scratching, punching, pushing, pulling, biting, or kicking • Throwing objects at you, like phone, book, plates • Using weapons like gun, knife • Forcing you for sexual acts • Grabbing your face, clothes or you violently • Pulling your hair
Emotional or Verbal Abuse Emotional abuse are non physical behaviour, such as threats, humiliation, insults, constant monitoring, excessive texting, stalking. It includes: • Calling you names and putting you down • Yelling or screaming at you • Intentionally embarrassing you when in public • Not letting you speak to family and friends • Dictating you what to do and wear • Accusing you of cheating or flirting • Stalking you and threating you to spill out your secrets • Threating you of self harm or harming you or things related to you • Using gaslighting techniques to manipulate you
Sexual Abuse Sexual abuse is forcing someone to do something sexual that they do not want to and consent to. It is important to understand that “not saying no” is not a “yes”. Unless there is a loud and clear yes, it is a no. In such circumstances, physically resisting can cause even more violence. It is a myth that if the individual did not physically resist, it is not a abuse. In reality it is not the case, the person might be intoxicated or felt pressurised. Sexual abuse includes: • Unwanted kissing or touching • Unwanted rough and violent sexual activity • Rape or attempt to rape • Using sexual insults • Not letting someone to use contraception • Sexual contact when the person is drunk, unconscious or intoxicated • Pressuring someone to perform sexual acts
Financial Abuse Financial abuse can be quite subtle. It might include resisting you to buying something or require you to share your bank account details. It may not look like a big of a problem in first place, but no one you are dating has the right to tell you how to spend your own money and restrict you from getting things you desire. Financial abuse includes: • Looking closely what you buy and how much you spend • Not letting you to see the joint bank account records • Forbidding you to work or limiting work hour • Harassing you, your co-worker or employer so as to get you fired • Refusing to give you money for food, clothing, rent and medication • Maxing your credit card for their need • Using your financial aid for their own benefit • Using their money to hold power over you • Giving you gifts and paying your gift and expecting you to return the favour somehow
Digital Abuse Digital abuse means using digital platforms such as texting or social networks to bully, harass, stalk or intimidate your partner. It is becoming extremely common in recent times. Digital abuse includes: • Pressurises you to send sexually explicit video or sexts. • Send you unwanted sexually explicit content and demands you to send the same in return • Makes decisions with whom you can or cannot be friends on social networking sites • Steals or forces you to give your passwords • Using technology, such as GPS to monitor you • Looks through your phone frequently • Messaging you constantly and lashing out on you when you reply late • Sending you negative messages or threats on social networking sites
Stalking Stalking means you are constantly watched, followed or harassed to the point you feel afraid and unsafe. A stalker can be some you know like an ex partner or any stranger. Stalking includes: • Showing up at your house or work place unannounced or uninvited • Sending you unwanted gifts, messages and letters • Using social media sites to track on you • Constantly calling you • Spreading rumours about you • Use other people as resource to investigate about you • Damage your property, such as your car, or other property
Experiencing even one or two of these warnings are a major red flag and probably abuse is present in your relationship. Each type of abuse is serious and no one deserves abuse in any form.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has inaugurated a scheme for girls called Beti Bachao Beti Padhao. It is to save the girl child and educate the girl child all over India. The program was started on the 22nd of January, 2015 at Panipat. This scheme was initiated first especially in Haryana because this state has a very low female sex ratio (775/1000) all over the country. It has been effectively applied in a hundred districts across the country. It is to improve the status of girls in the country.
Aim of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme
The aim of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme is to stop the drop in girl child sex ratio. Therefore, it will encourage women’s empowerment in order to improve women status in the country. It is a tri-ministerial initiative of the following ministries:
Women and Child Development Health and Family Welfare Human Resource Development Reasons for Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Initiative Two main reasons for Beti Bachao Beti Padhao initiative are:
Low child-sex ratio called for the launch of the scheme
The Child Sex Ratio (CSR) census data for 0-6 years was 933 girls per 1,000 boys in 2001, which declined to 918 girls for every 1,000 boys in 2011. UNICEF in 2012 Reported that India ranked 41st among 195 countries. A 2011 Population Census revealed that the population ratio of India in 2011 was 943 females per 1000 of males. The Sex Ratio 2011, however, indications an upward trend from the census 2001 data.
Crime against Women on the rise
Aborting of female foeticide by post ultrasonic testing. Thus this type of discrimination against girl infants resulted in a huge drop in the female population. Also, crimes and sex abuse, so on, have been on a constant high.
Back in the year 2014, Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi spoke on the event of International Day of the Girl Child. He highlighted on the abolition of female foeticide and asked suggestions from the Indian citizens on MyGov.in portal.
Primary Objective of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’ is a collaborative initiative of the government of India. Ministry of Women and Child Development, Ministry of Human Resource Development and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare started this scheme. It covers all Indian states and union territories.
The scheme has three primary objectives
Prevent female infanticide. Develop new schemes and work collaboratively to ensure that every girl child is secured and protected. Ensure every girl child gets a quality education. Difficulties in Implementing Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme having difficulty to gain momentum. This is due to the following facts.
Social abuses and orthodox rituals like female foeticide, Sati, child marriage and domestic abuse obstruct the due execution of this scheme. The government machinery and the police are, however, to get the magnitude of women atrocities seriously. This also weakens the effective implementation of the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme. The mindset of people remains conservative besides the numerous campaigns spreading awareness among people. The scheme needs civic body support to achieve the objectives of the scheme. The Dowry system is the main obstacles in the successful implementation and impact of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme Impact of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme It is important to look for the benefit that ‘Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao’, is India’s most high profile campaign. It is to empower the girl child in the country. Some major impacts are-
Balancing sex ratios Bringing girl child rights into focus Achieving girl-child access to education Conclusion The Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme is an initiative by the Government of India to address the issues revolving around girl children in India. This initiative under the scheme have started giving fruit as the level of awareness among the people is increasing.
Therefore, people now have a serious impact to work for girl child upliftment in society. The success of this scheme will add tremendously to the economic growth of the country. This is due to the fact that India cannot afford to have a large part of its population remain neglected.
An Introduction to Financial Literacy We go to schools, colleges, universities to complete our educated and start earning our livelihood. We take up jobs, practise professions or start our own businesses so that we can earn money to make our living. But which of these institutions make us capable of managing our own hard-earned money? Probably a very few of them.
Our ability to effectively manage our money by drawing systematic budgets, paying off our debts, making buying and selling decisions and ultimately becoming financially self-sustainable is known as financial literacy.
Financial literacy is knowing the basic financial management principles and applying them in our day-to-day life.
Financial Literacy – What does it Involve? From simple practices like keeping a track of our expenses and understanding the need to spend money if we like a product to striking a balance between the value of time saved and money lost, paying our taxes and filing of tax returns, finalizing the property deals, etc – everything becomes a part of financial literacy.
As human beings, we are not expected to know the nitty-gritty of financial management. But managing our own money in a way that it does not affect us and our family in a negative way is important. We certainly do not want to end up having a day with no money at hand and hunger in our stomach.
Why is Financial Literacy so Important?
Financial literacy can enable an individual to build up a budgetary guide to distinguish what he buys, what he spends, and what he owes. This subject additionally influences entrepreneurs, who incredibly add to financial development and strength of our economy.
Financial literacy helps people in becoming independent and self-sufficient. It empowers you with basic knowledge of investment options, financial markets, capital budgeting
: Understanding your money mitigates the danger of facing a fraud-like situation. A few strategies are anything but difficult to accept, particularly when they’re originating from somebody who is by all accounts learned and planned. Basic knowledge of financial literacy will help people with foreseeing the risks and argue/justify with anyone learned and well-informed.
What should you read on / get informed about in Financial Literacy?
Budgeting and techniques of budgeting Direct and indirect taxation system Direct tax slabs Income and expense tracking Loans and debt – EMI management Interest rate systems: fixed versus floating Business and organisational transaction studies Elementary Book-keeping and Accountancy Cash in-flow and out-flow Statements Investment & personal finance management Asset management: Business negotiation skills and techniques Make or buy decision-making Financial markets Capital structure – owner’s funds and borrowed funds Fundamentals of Risk Management Microeconomics and Macroeconomics fundamentals While there are various media to learn about financial literacy, we recommend that you join a short-term, weekend programme which helps you get financially literate.
Fifty years after the very first pride march, prominent organizers and activists talk about how it spread across the globe and made history. Last month marks the 50th anniversary of the first Pride march, which was held in New York City on June 28, 1970. The event – formally known as the Christopher Street Liberation Day March. June is Pride Month, when the world’s largest LGBTQ+ communities come together and celebrate the freedom to be themselves. Pride gatherings are rooted in the arduous history of minority groups who have struggled for decades to overcome prejudice and be accepted for who they are.
Pride events are directed towards anyone who feels like their sexual identity falls outside the mainstream -although many straight people join in, too. LGBT is an abbrevation meaning lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender. The term sometimes is extended to LGBTQ, or even LGBTQIA, to include queer, intersex and asexual groups. Queer is an umbrella term for sexual and gender minorities who are not heterosexual or are not cisgender; intersex refers to those whose sex is not clearly defined because of genetic, hormonal or biological differences; and asexual describes those who don’t feel sexual attraction. These words may also include gender fluid people, or those whose gender identity changes over time or depending on the situation.
In the early hours of June 28, 1969, police blitzed the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in New York’s Greenwich Village, and began dragging customers outside. Tensions increased rapidly as patrons resisted arrest and a growing crowd of bystanders threw bottles and coins at the officers. New York’s gay community, fed up after years of harassment by authorities, broke out in neighborhood rampage that went on for three days. The uprising became a catalyst for an arising gay rights movement as organizations such as the Gay Liberation Front and the Gay Activists Alliance were formed, modeled after the civil rights movement and the women’s rights movement. Members held protests, met with political leaders and interrupted public meetings to hold those leaders accountable. A year after the Stonewall rampage, the nation’s very first Gay Pride marches were held, that is how the pride march was started. In 2016 the area around the Stonewall Inn, still a sought-after nightspot today, was designated a national monument.
The word pride in the term ‘PRIDE MARCH’ is attributed to Brenda Howard, a bisexual New York activist nicknamed the “Mother of Pride,” who organized the first Pride parade to celebrate the one-year anniversary of the Stonewall uprising.
In 1978, artist and designer Gilbert Baker was commissioned by San Francisco city supervisor Harvey Milk – one of the first openly gay elected officials in the US – to prepare a flag for the city’s upcoming Pride celebrations. Baker, an eminent gay rights activist, gave a nod to the stripes of the American flag but drew inventiveness from the rainbow to reflect the many groups within the gay community. A subset of flags represent other sexualities on the spectrum, such as bisexual, pansexual and asexual.
At around 3 in the afternoon usually when I have my tea I switched in the TV to catch up on the news and unfortunately, the headline that I saw is one which I’ll never forget. I was devastated (still am), shook and almost in tears. Images of a 3-year-old boy sitting on the motionless body of his grandfather in J&K’s Sopore emerged from an encounter site. The 60-year-old grandfather was a civilian who was killed in the cross-firing on Wednesday morning in Kashmir when an encounter broke out between militants and security forces. The cops as they reached, rescued the boy and took him to a shelter. The boy wailed uncontrollably over his grandfather’s body. A police person carried the baby on his lap and took him away from the encounter site.
The police say Khan was killed in a crossfire when Kashmiri insurgents attacked their forces in the Sopore district of India-administered Kashmir. One Indian paramilitary trooper was also killed in the gunbattle, say the police.
Khan’s daughter says her father had gone to the bank to cash a cheque and on the way he was dragged out of his car and then shot in cold blood.
The CRPF personnel who took the child were relentlessly trying to calm him down but failed. They offered him biscuits, food, consoled him but to no avail. How could the child stop crying? He had seen his grandfather being shot right in front him. Imagine, just imagine the horror, the shock and the trauma that child has been going through.
While you and I look back at our childhood as a sweet dream and wish that we could go back to it, do you think this young boy will have the same memories? Will he remember his childhood days playing in his grandfather’s lap or will he remember sitting on his dead body, crying out for help?
Immediately after the incident this news was all over the media. All news channels were covering it but for them it was just another piece of content. There were panel discussions, debates, comments coming in, people tweeting- everything you can imagine. Virtually, the whole of India came out to offer their condolences to the family but should we not question the people who are responsible for this? Should we not question those politicians who just sit in their air conditioned cabins passing orders which only leaf to bloodshed? Today, I as an Indian demand an answer from the Indian government that why is it so that people in the valley have to suffer so much? Why is it so that children in the valley only see death? Why is there no peace? Why isn’t the government not taking any action?
Hacking is an attempt to access valuable information from a computer system without any permission or approval from the owner of the system or organization. In simple terms, it looks like a mischievous act but it actually needs a lot of intelligence and expertise to break into the computer system or network. It is a process of identifying the weakness or vulnerabilities in the system and exploiting it for their personal gain. For instance, like cracking (discovering) the system password, penetrating into the networks, and interrupt the network services to steal the online bank account or card details transferred through the Internet. The people who perform hacking are called as computer criminals or cybercriminals.
Classification of Hackers
Generally, hackers can be classified into 3 types. The first category, Black hat hackers try to find loopholes and weaknesses in the system and hack to take control over it for their personal benefits. They can destroy ( by introducing bugs or viruses), steal ( transfer money from bank accounts), or sell valuable information about the system. This is illegal or malicious hacking. The next category, White hat hackers are hackers who identify the system vulnerabilities, fix them, and keep the data secure and more hackproof. We shall discuss these ethical hackers in greater detail, a little later. The final category, Grey hat hackers include those curious people who hack for fun. They may both fix and exploit the vulnerabilities, but usually not for financial gain. Even if not malicious, their work can still be illegal, if done without the target system owner’s consent.
Ethical Hacking ….? Ethical Hacking is about improving the security of computer systems and/or computer networks. This process is fully planned, approved, and legal. Importance of Ethical Hacking Information is one of the most valuable assets of any industry or organization. Keeping information secure is vital to protect an organization’s image(trust) and save an organization a lot of money. Hacking can lead to loss of business for organizations that deal in finance such as banks and payment systems like PayPal. Ethical hacking gives them a competitive edge over cybercriminals who would otherwise lead to the financial loss of business. Ethical Hackers They are certified cybersecurity experts ( CEH – Certified Ethical Hacking Professional). They are usually employed by the target system’s owner and are typically paid for their job. Their work is not illegal because it is done with the system owner’s consent. They use the same methods and tools used by Black hat hackers. They attack the system to look for the potential loopholes in the system and make efforts to perfectly fix those security holes. They may also perform Penetration Testing and vulnerability checks to test the system’s defense network. Ethical hackers usually get written permission from the owner of the computer system and/or computer network before starting the procedure. They safeguard the privacy of the organization being hacked. They give a detailed report clearly specifying all the weaknesses spotted out in the computer system to the management. If needed, they communicate to the hardware and software vendors too.
Skills needed to become an Ethical Hacker Programming skills (HTML & scripting basics) are essential to becoming an effective hacker. Network skills and SQL skills are also essential. Full-fledged Knowledge of using the Internet , Operating systems ( Windows, Mac, Linux, etc) is needed. Tools used Hacking tools are programs that simplify the process of finding out and exploiting weaknesses in computer systems. Netsparker, Acunetix, Intruder, SaferVPN, Burp Suite, GFI LanGuard, HP WebInspect, Medusa, Nessus, etc to name a few.
Conclusion Ethical hacking comes with a price and is well suited for bigger firms. The below few tips might be useful for startups. A two-way firewall setup may be used. The operating system must be updated with security patches regularly. Browser security settings must be increased. The software must be downloaded from trustworthy sites.
Social Anxiety Disorder, also known as social phobia, is a type of anxiety disorder that causes extreme fear in social settings. People with Social Anxiety Disorder have trouble talking to people, meeting new people and attending social gatherings. They fear being judged or scrutinized by others. They may understand that their fears are irrational or unreasonable, but feel powerless to overcome them. Social anxiety is different from shyness. Shyness is usually short-term and doesn’t disrupt one’s life. Social anxiety is persistent and debilitating. It can affect one’s ability to: • work • attend school • develop close relationships with people outside of their family
SYMPTOMS OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER Social interaction may cause the following physical symptoms: • blushing • nausea • excessive sweating • trembling or shaking • difficulty speaking • dizziness or lightheadedness • rapid heart rate Psychological symptoms may include:
• worrying intensely about social situations • worrying for days or weeks before an event • avoiding social situations or trying to blend into the background if you must attend • worrying about embarrassing yourself in a social situation • worrying that other people will notice you are stressed or nervous • missing school or work because of anxiety It is normal to sometimes feel anxious. However, when you have social phobia, you have a constant fear of being judged by others or humiliated in front of them. You may avoid all social situations, including: • asking a question • job interviews • shopping • using public restrooms • talking on the phone • eating in public Symptoms of social anxiety may not occur in all situations. You can have limited or selective anxiety. For example, symptoms may only occur when you’re eating in front of people or talking to strangers. Symptoms can occur in all social settings if you have an extreme case.
What Causes Social Anxiety Disorder? The exact cause of social phobia is unknown. However, current research supports the idea that it is caused by a combination of environmental factors and genetics. Negative experiences also may contribute to this disorder, including: • bullying • family conflict • sexual abuse Physical abnormalities such as a serotonin imbalance may contribute to this condition. Serotonin is a chemical in the brain that helps regulate mood. An overactive amygdala (a structure in the brain that controls fear response and feelings or thoughts of anxiety) may also cause these disorders. Anxiety disorders can run in families. However, researchers aren’t sure if they’re actually linked to genetic factors. For example, a child might develop an anxiety disorder by learning the behavior of one of their parents who has an anxiety disorder. Children can also develop anxiety disorders as a result of being raised in controlling or overprotective environments.
Diagnosing Social Anxiety Disorder
There is no medical test to check for social anxiety disorder. Your healthcare provider will diagnose social phobia from a description of your symptoms. They can also diagnose social phobia after examining certain behavioral patterns. During your appointment, your healthcare provider will ask you to explain your symptoms. They will also ask you to talk about situations that cause your symptoms. The criteria for social anxiety disorder includes: • a constant fear of social situations due to fear of humiliation or embarrassment • feeling anxious or panicky before a social interaction • a realization that your fears are unreasonable • anxiety that disrupts daily living
India’s Covid-19 vaccine candidate Covaxin: How does Covaxin compare to other vaccine candidates around the world? Where does it figure in the global race for a Covid-19 vaccine?
India’s top drug regulator, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation, has allowed Bharat Biotech India (BBIL) to conduct human clinical trials for ‘Covaxin’, making it the first indigenous Covid-19 vaccine candidate to receive this approval, the firm said. These trials are scheduled to start across India in July.
What is ‘Covaxin’ and how was it developed?
Covaxin is a vaccine candidate to developed by BBIL against the novel coronavirus (Covid-19) in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research’s National Institute of Virology (NIV).
As part of this collaboration, NIV isolated a strain of the virus from an asymptomatic Covid-19 patient and transferred it to BBIL early in May. The firm then used it to work on developing an “inactivated” vaccine–a vaccine that uses a the dead virus–at its high containment facility in Hyderabad.(Read Coronavirus Global Updates)
The Drug Controller General of India, who heads CDSCO, has given Bharat Biotech approvals to begin testing its vaccines on humans through phase I and II clinical trials. This brings India a step closer to finalising a domestically developed Covid-19 vaccine for its population–a positive sign at a time when the country’s cases continue to surge, especially in the national capital.
The first phase, usually conducted on a small group of individuals, tries to find what dosage of the vaccine is safe for use, whether it is effective in building their immunity to the virus and whether there are any side effects. The second phase is conducted on a larger group comprising hundreds of persons fitting the description of those for whom the vaccine is intended using characteristics like age and sex. This phase tests how effective the vaccine is on the population group being studied.
How many more stages of testing would the vaccine have to go through before approval?
Vaccines, like most new drugs, are meant to follow a clinical testing process spanning four stages, starting with pre-clinical tests and ending with phase III studies conducted on thousands of patients. After approval from the regulator, the firm has to continue monitoring the use of its vaccine on patients and submit post-marketing surveillance details, which checks for any long-term unintended adverse effects of the product.
Bharat Biotech plans to begin its phase I and II trials in July, but is unsure of the overall timeline for testing and approving its vaccine.
“At the moment we are not sure how the vaccine is going to perform in the humans, as clinical trials are about to commence. Based on the success results of phase I and phase II, we will progress to the larger clinical trials. Thereafter, the licensure timelines will be set out upon receiving regulatory approvals,” said BBIL.
What other Indian companies are working on a Covid-19 vaccine candidate? What stage are they at?
Other Indian firms engaged in the development of Covid-19 vaccines include Zydus Cadila, Serum Institute of India and, since earlier this month, Panacea Biotec.
While Panacea is still in the pre-clinical stage, it is not clear whether Zydus and Serum have completed their preclinical studies and have also applied to CDSCO for approval to conduct human trials yet.
How does Covaxin compare to other vaccine candidates around the world? Where does it figure in the global race for a Covid-19 vaccine?
Covaxin has reached a more advanced stage of testing than two other vaccine candidates that Bharat Biotech is developing through global collaborations — the first is in collaboration with Thomas Jefferson University, while the second is with the University of Wisconsin-Madison and vaccine maker FluGen. Both these candidates are currently in the pre-clinical stage, according to the World Health Organisation’s draft landscape of Covid-19 candidate vaccines.
However, it is still far behind in the global race for a Covid-19 vaccine. AstraZeneca, whose vaccine candidate “ChAdOx1-S” with the University of Oxford is already at phase III trials, is the frontrunner. Serum Institute has an agreement to manufacture this vaccine.
Moderna, which is also close to beginning phase III trials for its LNP-encapsulated mRNA vaccine candidate with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, is close behind.
Apart from Covaxin, which is not listed among the vaccines being tried globally, at least six other candidates are in Phase I/II trials and another five are in Phase I trials globally.
Globally, Zydus Cadila’s DNA plasmid and measles vector vaccines as well as Serum’s codon deoptimised live attenuated vaccine, which it is developing with Codagenix, are still in the pre-clinical stage, according to WHO.
Since the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic, many of us, even those who have not been infected by the virus, will choose to quarantine in our homes for the upcoming weeks. Capsized travel plans, indefinite isolation, panic over scarce re-sources and information overload could be a recipe for unchecked anxiety and feelings of isolation. Here are a few pointers that could help you survive spiraling negative thoughts about this uncertain time.
1.) Reframe “I am stuck inside” to “I can finally focus on my home and myself”
As dismal as the world may feel right now, think of the mandated work-from-home policy as an opportunity to refocus your attention from the external to the internal. Doing one productive thing per day can lead to a more positive attitude. Set your sights on long-avoided tasks, reorganize, or create something you’ve always wanted to. Approaching this time with a mindset of feeling trapped or stuck will only stress you out more. This is your chance to slow down and focus on yourself.
2.) Stay close to your normal routine
Try and maintain some semblance of structure from the pre-quarantine days. For those individuals with children, sticking to a routine might be easier; however as you work from home, it could be tempting to fall into a more lethargic lifestyle, which could lead to negative thinking. Wake up and go to bed around the same time, eat meals, shower, adapt your exercise regimen, and get out of your PJ’s. Do laundry on Sundays as usual. Not only will sticking to your normal routine keep you active and less likely to spiral, it will be easier to readjust to the outside world when it’s time to get back to work.
3.) Avoid obsessing over endless Coronavirus coverage
Freeing up your day from work or social obligations gives you plenty of time to obsess, and if you have a tendency to consult Google for every itch and sneeze, you may be over-researching the pandemic as well. Choosing only certain credible websites (who.int or cdc.gov is a good start) for a limited amount of time each day (perhaps two chunks of 30 minutes each) will be in your best interest during this time.
4.) Start a new quarantine ritual
With this newfound time, why not do something special during these quarantined days? For ex-ample, perhaps you can start a daily journal to jot down thoughts and feelings to reflect on later. Or take a walk every day at 4 pm, connect with your sister over FaceTime every morning, or start a watercolor painting which you can add to everyday. Having something special during this time will help you look forward to each new day.
5.) Use telehealth as an option to talk to a professional if your anxiety becomes unmanageable
Many licensed psychologists are offering telehealth options over HIPAA-compliant video chat platforms. Remember to reach out for help if your anxiety is reaching proportions that is unmanageable without professional help.
Letting go of illusions of control and finding peace in the fact that you are doing your part to “flatten the curve” will certainly build mental strength to combat the stressful situation the whole globe is experiencing.
Maintaining one’s mental wellbeing during a pandemic is as important as containing the viruses. Here are a few tips to make sure you stay clear in your head
Youngsters facing relationship issues and losing patience with their partners. Employees worried about when (if at all) their next paycheck will come in. Students with hazy academic futures. People living alone who just want someone to talk to. These are some of the phone calls that Amatullah Lokhandwala fields every day. A clinical psychologist, she volunteers with Wellbeing Volunteers United (WVU), an initiative started by Prakriti Poddar, Managing Trustee of the Poddar Foundation. With over 500 volunteers from all walks of life, WVU is a free distress line created during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, offering support in English and multiple regional languages. Its helpline number is 1800-121-0980.
“This is a time for action”, says Amatullah, when asked why she volunteered. “During and after a pandemic, one should not lose sight of mental health. We are in unprecedented times, and it is natural to need help in coping with our situation.”
Survival tips
Don’t lose sight of a routine: Stick to healthy eating and sleeping habits.
Dr. Alka Subramanyam, Associate Professor of the Department of Psychiatry at TNMC and BYL Nair Ch. Hospital in Mumbai, recommends that families plan their schedules together, so that everyone knows what the other is doing, and individual preferences can be accommodated. Seemingly harmless changes to a schedule can cause discomfort to others — for instance, if the family decides to eat a meal an hour later than the older adults are used to, it could impinge upon the latter’s medication routine or have physiological consequences like reflux.
Be mindful of each other: Living through a lockdown is a new experience for everyone.
For youngsters used to going out, staying in can feel like a stifling loss of independence; for those whose work has come to a halt, it can feel like a loss of purpose; even for those older adults who have been home-bound, staying indoors isn’t an issue — but if they live with family, having people around all the time can be quite an adjustment. Be mindful of this and find ways to listen to or accommodate each other’s concerns.
Being in confined, shared spaces is also bound to cause friction between family members. Anshuma Kshetrapal, a psychotherapist and drama and movement therapist, says, “We are responsible for setting our own personal boundaries.” She suggests picking the right time and having a conversation about it with loved ones — it could be something as simple as asking those around you to knock before entering your room. To make the conversation go smoother, using the “I” language might help (for example, “This is something I would like, and I am checking if it is okay with you; it’s not about causing offense or discomfort to you.”)
Minimise “corona time”: If you wish, spend 30-60 minutes in the morning or evening absorbing news and updates about the pandemic. “The rest of the time, dedicate to self and to relationships,” says Dr. Subramanyam.
For those who live away from their elderly parents or relatives, she advises against causing panic, and instead promotes “cautious concern”. Though one might have good intentions, repeatedly calling one’s parents to issue instructions could not only increase stress but also ruffle feathers; after all, those at the receiving end might bristle at the idea of their life suddenly being managed by their children, when they have run it themselves all this while.
Social connectedness: Make phone and video calls on a daily basis to others. Staying in touch has never been easier.
Express yourself: The arts are a representation of the conscious and unconscious thoughts and feelings that we carry around. Giving these an outlet, especially at this time, is important. “Anyone is capable of creating art, irrespective of their range of expression,” says Anshuma. She encourages people to spend less time consuming content and more time in creating it. She also advocates spending more time on movement, even if it is just to perform mundane tasks. She warns against taking too much of a “capitalist outlook” towards these activities — it doesn’t matter how “good” you are at the arts, or how many calories you burned in a day.
Seek help when you need it: If you begin to feel stress, anxiety or depression and need someone to talk to, do not hesitate to seek help. A list of contacts is provided at the end of this article.
What’s next?
This pandemic will eventually pass, and life will move on. The return to normality can be an overwhelming experience, and we need to pace ourselves. Anshuma emphasises on “graduality” being key. If you haven’t immediately achieved all you set out to, “Be gentle — Don’t punish or criticise yourself,” she advises.
The same can be said of organisations too. Prakriti Poddar points out that for many people, the home ecosystem has slowly become the new normal. So returning to work at an office could require a major adjustment. Their thoughts and worries may still be tied to the goings-on at home. It is important for employers to recognise this and demonstrate empathy by giving their employees time to adapt.
Prakriti urges mental health practitioners to use this as an opportunity to collaborate with each other. “We need to work together,” she reaffirms. Doing so will not only widen their reach and enable more Indians to get help, but will also introduce standardisations in the way teleservices for mental health are delivered.
Tension has been building between India and China since the violent clash in the Galwan Valley in Ladakh. In this violent clash, 20 soldiers of the Indian Army were killed. Meanwhile, India has deployed Mountain Corp’s Integrated Battle Group (IBG) along the Line of Control. IBG soldiers are adept at fighting in high mountainous areas.
These soldiers are especially adept at combating in the mountainous areas. These commandos are the 17th Mountain Carp Seals, specially designed to deal with China. According to sources, at least three Battle Group (IBG) of Mountain Carp are deployed on the front from India. Apart from this, there are a large number of ITBP personnel who have been trained in combat in the mountainous areas.
What is IBG or Integrated Battle Group?
Within 12 hours of the Army’s Integrated Battle Group (IBG) order, it sneaks into the enemy’s shack and strikes down. This is included in its special efficiency. This squad is prepared for every moment to deal with any situation like defence, attack or combat. It is not just a squad of specially trained commandos, but a complete unit equipped with all the sophisticated weapons of infantry, tanks, artillery, air defence, communication and warfare. It has every possible ability to thwart every adversary’ move. That is why it is called Integrated Battle Group.
To invade immediately as and when required is their greatest feature. That is, these soldiers do not require any extra time for preparation or strategy, it is only late to get orders. Its combatants are specially trained to take into account- enemy threats, geographical challenges and targets such as 3T- Threat, Terrain and Task in every area adjacent to the border. As soon as the order is received, they are ready to enter the enemy’s territory at any moment. These fighters are capable of more active and rapid action than the current striking corps. According to sources, the soldiers of this Battle Group can also be airdropped at any place if needed. The commandos have also been trained for this and these commandos have also practised several times on the Chinese border. Sources say that the preparations of the Indian Army have received frequent backups of the Indian Air Force.
The Air Force is fully prepared to airdrop the commandos along with surveillance on the LAC. Let us know that China’s fighter aircraft and helicopters are hovering on the Line of Actual Control (LAC). These activities in China persist in the 10 km area of LAC. In such a situation, India has also now prepared to respond to the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) in its own dialect. According to military sources, the army has deployed the ‘Akash’ advance air defence missile system in East Ladakh to keep track of China’s fighter aircraft and helicopters on the LAC. With this, the Indian Army can easily keep an eye on the antics of China. In such a situation, if a Chinese aircraft crosses the LAC, then it will be exterminated immediately by the air defence missile system.
Sources say that on the Line of Actual Control, China has recruited large-scale climbers and martial arts fighters in its army. The Dragon has sent five such divisions to LAC.
However, according to reports in the Chinese media, these are for deployment in Tibet. But according to sources, these have been sent to LAC and deployed before June 15. After this, India has deployed Mountain Corp’s IBG (Integrated Battle Group) on the Line of Control. Not to forget that on the night of June 15, there was a bloody clash in the Galwan valley between the armies of both the countries.
Lets look at some of the biggest species who walked on our planet millions and millions of years ago.
Megalodon sharks
You may have heard reports that there are massive sharks prowling the oceans, three times as long as a great white and 30 times as heavy. Relax: they’re long since extinct.They were called Megalodon, and no one is quite sure how big they were. Like all sharks, its skeleton was made of cartilage rather than bone, and so did not fossilize well. As a result, we only have teeth and a few bits and pieces of vertebrae to go on. Recent estimates put it at 16-20 meters (52-65ft) long. That is significantly bigger than the largest fish alive today, whale sharks, which only reach 12.6 metres (41ft).
Titanoboa cerrejonensis
Around 60 million years ago, shortly after the demise of the dinosaurs, a snake evolved that was twice as long as the biggest modern snakes.Titanoboa cerrejonensis was 14.6m (48ft) long, and weighed in at more than a tonne. It was described in 2009, after fossilised vertebrae and skulls were found in a coal mine in Colombia.Believed to be a distant relative of the anaconda and boa constrictor, T. cerrejonensis crushed its prey to death. Its victims may have included crocodiles.Snakes rely on external heat to survive as they cannot regulate their own body temperature. T. cerrejonensis may only have reached its great size because Earth was warmer when it evolved.
Megatherium
What would an elephant-sized hamster crossed with a bear look like? Pretty odd, and perhaps a bit like Megatherium.This genus included the largest of the giant ground sloths, which lived mostly in South America from 5 million to 11,000 years ago.While not quite as big as dinosaurs or woolly mammoths, these impressive beasts were still among the biggest land animals. They were up to 6m (20ft) long.They were part of a group that includes modern tree sloths, armadillos and anteaters.Megatherium had had extremely robust skeletons. They were apparently built for strength and stability, but not speed.They also had long arms and large claws. Most scientists believe they used these to reach up into trees and grab leaves and bark that were out of reach for smaller animals.
Jaekelopterus rhenaniae
Jaekelopterus rhenaniae is an arachnophobe’s ultimate nightmare. At 2.5m long, this giant ‘sea scorpion’ has a claim to the title of largest arthropod ever to have lived.Its common name is misleading. They weren’t true scorpions, and probably scuttled about in lakes and rivers rather than the ocean. J. rhenaniae lived about 390 million years ago and spent its time chopping up fish.It was described in 2008, after a spiked claw measuring 46cm was found in a quarry in Prüm, Germany. This was all that remained of the animal. However, the ratio between claw and body size is pretty constant in sea scorpions, so researchers were able to estimate that J. rhenaniae was 233-259cm long.
Sarcosuchus imperator
It’s not just insects that have downsized over the years. Palaeontologists on a dinosaur hunt in Niger in 1997 were amazed to encounter fossilised crocodile jaw bones as long as a human.They had stumbled upon the most complete specimen to date of Sarcosuchus imperator, a prehistoric giant that hunted in the broad rivers of tropical northern Africa 110 million years ago.Also known as ‘SuperCroc’, it grew as long as 12m and weighed about 8 tons. That’s twice as long and four times as heavy as the largest of today’s crocodiles. It probably ate small dinosaurs as well as fish.It had a narrow jaw 1.8m long, containing more than 100 teeth, plus vertically tilting eye sockets and a large bony protrusion on the tip of its snout. It would have resembled the critically endangered gharials of modern India and Nepal.Despite its nickname, S. imperator wasn’t a direct ancestor of the 23 species of modern crocodilians. It belonged to an extinct reptilian family called the pholidosaurs.
Fear of poverty is a state of mind, nothing else! But it is sufficient to destroy one’s chances of achievement in any undertaking, a truth which became painfully evident during the depression.
This fear paralyzes the faculty of reason, destroys the faculty of imagination, kills off self-reliance, undermines enthusiasm, discourages initiative, leads to uncertainty of purpose, encourages procrastination, wipes out enthusiasm and makes self-control an impossibility. It takes the charm from one’s personality, destroys the possibility of accurate thinking, diverts concentration of effort, it masters persistence, turns the will-power into nothingness, destroys ambition, beclouds the memory and invites failure in every conceivable form; it kills love and assassinates the finer emotions of the heart, discourages friendship and invites disaster in a hundred forms, leads to sleeplessness, misery and unhappiness— and all this despite the obvious truth that we live in a world of over-abundance of everything the heart could desire, with nothing standing between us and our desires, excepting lack of a definite purpose.
SYMPTOMS OF THE FEAR OF POVERTY
INDIFFERENCE. Commonly expressed through lack of ambition; willingness to tolerate poverty; acceptance of whatever compensation life may offer without protest; mental and physical laziness; lack of initiative, imagination, enthusiasm and self-control
INDECISION. The habit of permitting others to do one’s thinking. Staying “on the fence.”
DOUBT. Generally expressed through alibis and excuses designed to cover up, explain away, or apologize for one’s failures, sometimes expressed in the form of envy of those who are successful, or by criticizing them.
WORRY. Usually expressed by finding fault with others, a tendency to spend beyond one’s income, neglect of personal appearance, scowling and frowning; intemperance in the use of alcoholic drink, sometimes through the use of narcotics; nervousness, lack of poise, self-consciousness and lack of self-reliance.
OVER-CAUTION. The habit of looking for the negative side of every circumstance, thinking and talking of possible failure instead of concentrating upon the means of succeeding. Knowing all the roads to disaster, but never searching for the plans to avoid failure. Waiting for “the right time” to begin putting ideas and plans into action, until the waiting becomes a permanent habit. Remembering those who have failed, and forgetting those who have succeeded. Seeing the hole in the doughnut, but overlooking the doughnut. Pessimism, leading to indigestion, poor elimination, auto-intoxication, bad breath and bad disposition.
PROCRASTINATION. The habit of putting off until tomorrow that which should have been done last year. Spending enough time in creating alibis and excuses to have done the job. This symptom is closely related to over-caution, doubt and worry. Refusal to accept responsibility when it can be avoided. Willingness to compromise rather than put up a stiff fight. Compromising with difficulties instead of harnessing and using them as stepping stones to advancement.
Bargaining with Life for a penny, instead of demanding prosperity, opulence, riches, contentment and happiness.
NSAP stands for National Social Assistance Programme. NSAP was launched on 15th August, 1995.
The National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) represents a significant step towards the fulfillment of the Directive Principles in Article 41 and 42 of the Constitution recognizing the concurrent responsibility of the Central and the State Governments in the matter. In particular, Article 41 of the Constitution of India directs the State to provide public assistance to its citizens in case of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement and in other cases of undeserved want within the limit of its economic capacity and development.
Objective of NSAP
National Social Assistance Programme is a social security and welfare programme to provide support to aged persons, widows, disabled persons and bereaved families on death of primary bread winner, belonging to below poverty line households.
Eligibility and scale of assistance
For getting benefits under NSAP the applicant must belong to a Below Poverty Line (BPL) family according to the criteria prescribed by the Govt. of India. The other eligibility criteria and the scale of central assistance under the sub – schemes of NSAP are as follows. Besides the central assistance, states / UT contribute an equal amount as their share:
Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) : The eligible age for IGNOAPS is 60 years. The pension is Rs.200 p.m. for persons between 60 years and 79 years. For persons who are 80 years and above the pension is Rs.500/ – per month.
Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS) : The eligible age is 40 years and the pension is Rs.300 per month. After attaining the age of 80 years, the beneficiary will get Rs.500/ – per month.
Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS) : The eligible age for the pension er is 18 years and above and the disability level has to be 80%. The amount is Rs.300 per month and after attaining the age of 80 years, the beneficiary will get Rs 500/ – per month . Dwarfs will also be a n eligible category for this pension.
National Family Benefit Scheme(NFBS) : Rs. 20000/ – will be given as a lumpsum assistance to the bereaved household in the event of death of the bread – winner. It is clarified that any event of death (natural or otherwise) would make the family eligible for assistance. A woman in the family, who is a home maker, is also considered as a ‘bread – winner’ for this purpose. The family benefit will be paid to such surviving member of the household of the deceased poor , who after local inquiry, is found to be the head of the household. For the purpose of the scheme, the term “household’ would include spouse, minor children, unmarried daughters and dependent parents. In case of death of an unmarried adult, the term household would include minor brothers/ sisters and dependent parents. The death of such a bread – winner should have occurred whilst he/ she is more than 18 years of age and less than 60 years of age. The assistance would be given to every case of death of breadwinner in a family.
Annapurna Scheme : 10 kgs of food grains (wheat or rice) is given per month per beneficiary. The scheme aims at providing food security to meet the requirements of those eligible old aged persons who have remained uncovered under the IGNOAPS
Hello Readers, in this world where our world revolves a magical box that can find us dates, call us taxis, get us goods in minimum time, show us virtual places, and even control our apps utilization, there are still some gems which are not popular like Twitter, WhatsApp or Ola.
The Google Play store contains more than 2.9 million apps. Some are masterpieces and others vary. This article is about those lesser known but great apps.
SleepBot:
It may be possible that you are not getting enough quality sleep. This sleep cycle tracker and smart alarm by the team at SleepBot utilizes motion and sound tracking software to provide an in-depth analysis of your sleep cycle—average sleep time, sleep debt, long term trends, etc.—and compiles detailed reports to help you get the rest you need. Or, if you’re actually being possessed by demons while you sleep, as you suspect, this app will confirm it.
Tunity:
This App allows your phone to act as a temporary TV tuner for any TV. So, let’s say you’re at the bar watching the game, and everyone is being loud and obnoxious while all you want to hear is the commentary. Open Tunity, point it at the TV, and Tunity will use a scanned image to locate the program and then stream the audio directly to your phone. You can be social and antisocial at the exact same time.
Ablo:
Ablo allows one to connect with other social butterflies from around the world. Sign up and you’ll be connected with a new friend from somewhere else in the world. Ablo’s automatic translations whips away any language barriers, translating text and video calls live. It’s free to download, there are no restrictions on the number of chats you can have, and there are even in-app challenges.
Robinhood:
Robinhood is an app that is made for people who are beginners when it comes to stock trading. It allows users to invest in publicly traded companies and exchange-traded funds without paying a trading fee. It’s sleek, modern, easy to understand, and 100 percent free. It links directly and securely to your bank account, keeps track of your portfolio, and also sends push notifications to let you know how your portfolio is performing.
Peak:
Peak is an app designed to train several areas of the brain, including memory, focus, problem solving, agility and language. It includes 21 games and creates personalized brain workouts and goals for users. Peak provides analytical feedback and graphs for tracking performance, and gets very high reviews from users. Peak is available on iOS, and is free to use. Unlimited access and more in-depth tools are available in the pro version for $4.99 per month.
This is all for today guys. Probably later on, I will continue writing a sequel for this series as the with the increasing number of smartphones, the “apps” are also getting smarter, innovative and bringing a novel sense of belief.
Feminism signifies when a woman or lady needs to be a tough individual with equivalent opportunity, rights and opportunity like man however not its abuse at all. By what means can an entertainer name herself to be a women’s activist when they anticipate lady as a product and article on cinema. These are the motion pictures where these purported women’s activists show the commodification of ladies definitely. In the event that this is women’s liberation, at that point Sunny Leone must be the boss of the considerable number of women’s activists. Expectation she won’t come out with a women’s activist video like this asserting herself to be a genuine women’s activist. Counterfeit women’s liberation without a doubt!!! It has nothing to do with the genuine liberation of ladies which is under-circumventing the world.
In eighteenth century it was accepted that ladies were unequipped for discerning reasoning; Wollstonecraft set forward the point that ladies also had the capacity to think soundly and merited legitimate instruction. Ladies’ instruction was likewise significant in light of the fact that they were liable for the training of the youthful. There are numerous incredible instances of ladies who battled for inspiring the status of ladies and still we find numerous women’s activist working far and wide for raising the status of ladies.
These supposed phony women’s activists are confusing ‘woman’s rights’ for their own personal stake. Women’s liberation implies liberation of ladies; the correct that lady ought to have, opportunity to procure instruction, to pick her profession rather she ought not be constrained into marriage against her own desire or she ought not requested to function as a slave in her own home or in her parents in law’s place. It doesn’t mean disloyalty or infidelity. That is to say, I as a ‘lady’ am not better or mediocre than any male partner. Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards have characterized that, “as a general rule Feminism needs you to be what your identity is—however with a political awareness. Furthermore, the other way around: you need to be women’s activist since you need to be actually what your identity is.”
Women’s liberation does exclude self-corruption or the abuse of ladies by others. Improper article isn’t a section and idea of women’s liberation. The decision of both man and lady ought to be useful for the government assistance of society and not deceiving to any misguided course. It doesn’t mean corruption of virtues. It implies freedom and opportunity yet not abusing of it for any evil wish. It implies I as a ‘lady’ have equivalent rights with men yet I won’t exploit it. It implies my family ought to be pleased with me any place I go whatever I do.
Presently a-days numerous alleged women’s activists are confusing ‘women’s liberation’ for business and financial increases. Don’t they realize that numerous ladies since hundreds of years around the globe have battled for their uniqueness and not for business ubiquity? In the past ladies were bound to the four dividers of the houses and were denied to any training and profession. Further they were constrained into marriage against their own desire however now this situation has changed and the credit goes to numerous resilient ladies in each field, even to those men who have bolstered the reason for ladies liberation around the globe. Still in numerous pieces of the world, ladies are attempting to get by, to speak loudly against bad form and oppression dispensed on them. Let the woman’s rights not be maligned by this sort of error inadmissible by any evident women’s activist.
People struggle to find happiness in life. Most of the people are not happy with their lives. People usually search for happiness in the outside world and thus causing major unhappiness. If you want to feel real happiness, look deep within. Happiness which comes from within is the happiness that sustains. One needs to look deep within themselves to search for reasons to be happy. Happiness begins within. If you think positively about yourself, others and the world around you, you will be in a much happier state. Your words and actions will follow your thoughts.
Reasons leading to unhappiness
• Lack of self-confidence in yourself: Happiness comes with self confidence. Unless an individual is confident of their own self, they cannot be in a happy place. People usually lack the ability to believe in themselves and what they can do. Unless an individual has the courage and confidence to quit the job or relationship that they are not satisfied with, they can never be happy in true sense. Though it is not true for everyone, but majority of the people’s happiness is hindered by their inability to say “I can do it”.
• Focusing on negativity: We have a natural tendency to lean more towards negativity. We focus more on the worst possible outcomes of a situation, than thinking about the best. We tend to be over critical about ourselves. We tend to focus more on your negative traits, rather than focusing on the positivity within us. All this negative thinking weakens our self esteem, thus leading to long term unhappiness.
• Inability to cut off toxic people: Toxicity of an individual can show in their actions or words. If the action and words of someone hurt you physically or psychologically and thus hindering you from attaining your happiness, at the same time make you think negatively of yourself, then chances are you are dealing with individuals who are toxic for you. Cutting off such people from life is of utmost importance, or else your happiness would never be achieved.
Approach towards happiness
Though there is no rules or guide to be happy, but certain tips and approaches can help you be more happier in life .
• Self Acceptance: The key to happiness is acceptance. We usually crib about the things or traits that we do not possess, rather than accepting it. Though we might not be in our best versions, but we do have to accept our current state. Unless we accept ourselves, we cannot be happy in the truest sense. Unless we acknowledge what we do not have, we cannot work towards achieving it and will never be happy.
• Practice Gratitude: Happiness is usually related to how meaningful we think our life is. It is extremely important to generate genuine meaning and appreciation each day. We usually take people, things and opportunities for granted. Appreciation of good things in life is a way to achieving happiness. Take out a few minutes each day and pen down the things you are blessed to have. Practicing gratitude gives you a happiness from within and helps you to be sane.
• Pamper yourself: Cater to your needs the way you cater to others. Taking out time for a nice massage, hot bath or beauty session at a local salon every ones in a while is important. Pampering yourself every now and then is important for being happy.
• Calm your mind: Though it is quite difficult to calm your mind in this hectic schedule, but it is very important. Meditation is a good way to calm the mind and connect to your inner self and discover it’s desires. Taking out time to practice meditation regularly is highly recommended.
• Show love: One of the most positive emotion is love. Doing small acts of kindness without expecting anything in return, making someone smile, forgiving are some acts that foster positivity. By creating positive atmosphere around you, you create happy momentum for yourself too.
• Surrounding yourself with uplifting people: Surrounding yourself with a good social support network always helps. Being around people who see and inspire the best in you does help your well-being. Optimistic, like minded and supportive social circle are key for a happy and contented life.
Pandemic has led to “CHANGE”. Change in how people used to live their normal lives, communicate, attend function, travel places, meet people as well as their behaviour towards anything significant. Considering the business perspective, it has changed the way brands used to advertise and strategize. It has somewhere led to an inclusive environment where brands are not focussing on “them” or “us” but are going with the specific keyword “we”. They want to depict the fact that we are in this together and the sense of accomplishment can also be done without being competitive, at least from outside.
The coronavirus has reached India some time back and the cases are increasing at a much higher rate. The novel coronavirus has inadvertently lent a premise to various brands to advertise their goods and services. Many brands are using this as an opportunity to establish their effectiveness and value over their counterparts with respect to the outbreak. Initially, when the virus was on the rise, Indians started looking for health care measures for preventing themselves from the virus and there was a surge in the sales of hand wash, face masks and sanitizers.
The best example for this is the “Lifebuoy Ad” where they didn’t use the concept of comparative advertisement where one brand is shown inferior to others. Instead, they chose the other strategy of inclusiveness to create awareness among the masses. In the advertisement, they asked people to use any liquid or any soap that they fight convenient and hence gained popularity by not attacking any rival brand.
In India, people are going for year-old traditional food, dishes and drinks to boost their immune systems. The use of “kaada”, a warm drink made up of various healthy ingredients to cure cold and cough has become a household entity and people are using it on a daily basis.
Businesses have to keep a level of competitiveness to increase their presence but sometimes it is also possible to keep aside the differences and come out together to fight a battle. Coronavirus has changed and is still changing the way we as a human think, believe, expect and follow up. Reimagining the core benefits and core values to the customers that combines usefulness and interactivity is needed. This can help in strengthening of a brand’s innate immunity through this crisis.
Brands need to change their focus that was traditionally aimed at increasing their ‘Share of Voice’ to increase ‘Share of Empathy.’ They will need to create few micro experiential campaigns on social media and other platforms where people will feel more inclusive towards the brands as well as human race as a whole. With social solidarity and a sense of community growing, consumers will naturally look to brands that embrace such values and stand for a higher purpose. Together, everyone is fighting their own battles and it is not the right time to focus on profit, though that will always be the first priority for any businesses but it is time to couple it with empathy and strategize accordingly.
Every brand should keep in mind that: “We are in this together”
Fake or Counterfeit news has existed since the beginning of the print machine however in the period of web and online life, it has discovered an enormous application. Control of calculations of online life and web indexes—to contact huge crowds and delude news shoppers is a worldwide pattern now. Counterfeit video cuts, reports with transformed media logos, bots, paid analysts for great online notoriety (troll ranch) have gotten extremely normal. Governments are utilizing the danger of phony news to brace down on free discourse.
All inclusive, Snopes and in India Social Media Hoax Slayer, AltNews are a few gatherings which uncover counterfeit news. Editorial manager of Postcard News (India) was captured for spreading lies planned for making common disunity. Russia has been blamed for controlling the 2016 US races through bots and phony news; it is an all around archived instance of between national online control. Russian obstruction in races in the US and West Europe has been the greatest substance control worry as of late. Facebook in the light of mounting analysis in the wake of Cambridge Analytica information embarrassment has declared that it will battle counterfeit news and political falsehood, with new controls proposed to guarantee legitimacy and straightforwardness among sponsors and distributers.
Opportunity House’s Freedom on the Net 2017 report
Online control and disinformation strategies assumed a significant job in decisions in at any rate 18 nations over the previous year, including the US.
The Chinese and Russian systems spearheaded the utilization of clandestine techniques to twist online conversations and smother contradict over 10 years back, yet the training has since gone worldwide.
Paid Government Commentators: Venezuela, the Philippines, and Turkey were among 30 nations where governments were found to utilize multitudes of “feeling shapers” to spread government sees, drive specific plans, and counter government pundits via web-based networking media.
Both state and non-state entertainers are progressively making computerized accounts via web-based networking media to control online conversations.
In Mexico, an expected 75,000 computerized accounts referred to conversationally as Peñabots have been utilized to overpower political restriction on Twitter.
Bots overwhelm activists with loathe discourse on the web. Counterfeit news is overpowering and obscuring the genuine truth.
The Scale of the Problem in India
Falsehood and disinformation spread in media is turning into a genuine social test. It is prompting the toxic climate on the web and causing mobs and lynchings out and about.
In the age of the web (WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter,) it is a major issue as gossipy tidbits, transformed pictures, misleading content sources, persuaded stories, unsubstantiated data, planted stories for different interests spread effectively among 35 crore web clients in India.
There have been numerous examples of online gossipy tidbits prompting killings of guiltless individuals. Now and again, clergymen have erased tweets in the wake of understanding the phony news which they shared before.
In India, WhatsApp is the stage generally helpless against counterfeit news. A great many Indians (a huge rate is uneducated) utilizing versatile web honestly sending ‘hello’ messages each day are viewed as generally helpless against counterfeit news.
In the ongoing Karnataka Assembly races (2018) counterfeit news about opponent gatherings and applicants overflowed the media.
It may not be an incident that India has the most noteworthy number of selfie passings (individual biting the dust while attempting to take a selfie) on the planet (76 passings out of 127 revealed all around between March 2014 and September 2016). Use and maltreatment of portable and web stay a worry.
Laws and Regulation to Curb Fake News in India
There is no particular law against counterfeit news in India. Free distribution of news streams from Article 19 of the Constitution ensuring the right to speak freely of discourse.
Press Council of India, an administrative body, can caution, reprimand or rebuke the paper, the news office, the manager or the columnist or dislike the lead of the editorial manager or the writer on the off chance that it finds that a paper or a news office has disregarded editorial morals.
News Broadcasters Association (NBA) speaks to the private TV news and current undertakings supporters. The self-administrative body tests protests against electronic media.
Indian Broadcast Foundation (IBF) likewise investigates the protests against substance circulated by channels.
Broadcasting Content Complaint Council (BCCC) concedes protests against TV telecasters for offensive TV substance and phony news.
Indian Penal Code (IPC) has certain segments which could check counterfeit news: Sections 153 (wantonly giving incitement with goal to cause revolt) and 295 (harming or debasing spot of love with expectation to affront the religion of any class) can be conjured to prepare for counterfeit news.
Segment 66 in The Information Technology Act, 2000: If any individual, untrustworthily or falsely, does any demonstration alluded to in area 43 (harm to PC, PC framework), he will be culpable with detainment for a term which may reach out to three years or with fine which may stretch out to five lakh rupees or with both.
Common or Criminal Case for Defamation is another hotel against counterfeit news for people and gatherings hurt by the phony news. IPC Section 499 (slander) and 500 (whoever maligns another will be rebuffed with straightforward detainment for a term which may reach out to two years, or with fine, or with both) accommodate a criticism suit
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is one of the most significant and popular missions to have taken place in India. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan translates to Clean India Mission. This drive was formulated to cover all the cities and towns of India to make them clean. This campaign was administered by the Indian government and was introduced by the Prime Minister, Narendra Modi. It was launched on 2nd October in order to honor Mahatma Gandhi’s vision of a Clean India. The cleanliness campaign of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan was run on a national level and encompassed all the towns, rural and urban. It served as a great initiative in making people aware of the importance of cleanliness.
Objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission Swachh Bharat Abhiyan set a lot of objectives to achieve so that India could become cleaner and better. In addition, it not only appealed the sweepers and workers but all the citizens of the country. This helped in making the message reach wider. It aims to build sanitary facilities for all households. One of the most common problems in rural areas is that of open defecation. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan aims to eliminate that.
Moreover, the Indian government intends to offer all the citizens with hand pumps, proper drainage system, bathing facility and more. This will promote cleanliness amongst citizens.
Similarly, they also wanted to make people aware of health and education through awareness programs. After that, a major objective was to teach citizens to dispose of waste mindfully.
Why India Needs Swachh Bharat Abhiyan? India is in dire need of a cleanliness drive like Swachh Bharat Abhiyan to eradicate dirtiness. It is important for the overall development of citizens in terms of health and well-being. As the majority of the population of India lives in rural areas, it is a big problem.
Generally, in these areas, people do not have proper toilet facilities. They go out in the fields or roads to excrete. This practice creates a lot of hygiene problems for citizens. Therefore, this Clean India mission can be of great help in enhancing the living conditions of these people.
In other words, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan will help in proper waste management as well. When we will dispose of waste properly and recycle waste, it will develop the country. As its main focus is one rural area, the quality of life of the rural citizens will be enhanced through it.
Most importantly, it enhances the public health through its objectives. India is one of the dirtiest countries in the world, and this mission can change the scenario. Therefore, India needs a cleanliness drive like Swachh Bharat Abhiyan to achieve this.
In short, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a great start to make India cleaner and greener. If all the citizens could come together and participate in this drive, India will soon flourish. Moreover, when the hygienic conditions of India will improve, all of us will benefit equally. India will have more tourists visiting it every year and will create a happy and clean environment for the citizens.
Dopamine emits large amounts of drug intake, which puts a person in ecstasy. People like to experience this happy state and wish to come here again and again, which is one of the main causes of intoxication. In the beginning, most people take drugs seriously but it soon becomes an addiction. Drug addiction is the worst addiction. It is hard to leave and any person can get negative results after getting rid of this addiction.
Types of drugs
Drugs are broadly classified into three types. These are depression, stimulants and hallucinations. Here’s a look at each of them on the human brain and body:
Depressants: Depressants include cannabis, opiates, benzodiazepines and alcohol. They are known to slow down the speed of messages from the brain and thus reduce the ability to handle any situation. When low amounts are taken, depression can make one person feel comfortable. However, when taken in large amounts, it can lead to nausea, vomiting and unconsciousness. Stimulants: The stimulants, on the other hand, move messages from the brain and move on. They have the power to instantly boost a person’s level of confidence. In the negative side, they can cause high blood pressure, increase heart rate and can cause restlessness, movement and insomnia. Continuous use of such medicines leads to panic attack, anxiety and paranoia. The stimulants include nicotine, caffeine, cocaine and amphetamine. Hallucinogens: Hallucinogens include LSF, PCP, cannabis, mescaline and psilocybin. These medicines cause hallucinations and distort the reality of a person. When taken continuously, these medicines can cause high blood pressure, nausea, paranoia and numbness. Symptoms of Drug Addiction
A person who is addicted to drugs is likely to show the following symptoms and symptoms:
Change in appetite Increasing unexpected weight or losing weight Change in sleep pattern Hate Speech Change to friends circle Suddenly got angry bloodshot eyes Lack of interest in work Less performance in work / school Secret behavior Slacken Repeated mood changes lack of motivation Abominable behavior Drug addiction hampers professional life
Any person has an adverse drug effect on the brain. People lose their self control. They become so addicted to drugs that all those who think about them are eating them. This is the only thing that gives them an interest. They are unable to concentrate on work and lose interest in it. Even if they try to work, they feel lethargy and take it back.
Drugs have an impact on their cognitive skills, analytical skills and decision-making power. It adversely affects their professional life. Drug addictions also show irrational behaviors. They become invasive, develop impaired decisions and become impulsive. Such behavior is unacceptable in the office setting. It puts them in bad light and prevents the possibility of professional development.
Drug Addiction Personal Relationships
A drug addicts love the company of drug users and tries to spend most of their time with them. She is no longer interested in her family and friends. He often makes distance from them. She becomes irritable and aggressive. This often leads to arguments and quarrels, which spoil their equation with their family life as well as their friends. The drug addict does not only ruin his life but also the people around him.
Conclusion
Drugs can strengthen a person’s ability to think and act. They can lead to issues of many health hazards, behavioral problems and relationships. The safest bet is to stay away from drugs. People who are addicted to drugs have little chance of quitting this addiction. They ruin their lives and give great happiness to their loved ones too.
The new common question that pops up in everyone’s mind is- How do we move past our anxieties and insecurities so we can grow our personally on social media?
1. Unfollow your celebrities
This can be hard, and it can even take a long time, especially if, like me, you follow hundreds of celebrities alone. It can be hard to break from the habit of constantly checking what your favourite celeb is doing or wearing but for the sake of your mental health you need to make this move.
You can easily find any ground breaking news of your favourite in the on sites like BuzzFeed or Cosmopolitan.
2. Followreal and actual people
Instead of page 3 celebrities, follow more people who are like you, real people. If you are a writer, follow more writers. If you are a local blogger owner, follow other local bloggers. If you are an illustrator, follow more illustrators. If you just appreciate any form of art, be it singing, dancing, spoken poetry, follow more such artists. You’ll come to realise that everyone has flaws, no one is really perfect. On the upside, you’ll be lifting other talented people up, and they will be lifting you up. All will grow together.
3. Do your own photoshoot
Take your phone and a tripod if you have one, and just walk around your house. Wander around and see what catches your eye, maybe it’s a well-lit corner in your house that you never noticed before or a tiny window with a sky view. Snap a picture or ten, then move onto the next thing.
Look for the beauty in yourself and the world around you. Be raw, you don’t always have to filter your photos, you are beautiful as you are. Be as much or as less artistic you want to be while taking pictures. The more photos you take, the better you’ll get at it, don’t give up.
4. Try scheduling your posts
For me, scheduling Instagram posts saves me from a lot of fear. It’s less scary when you aren’t actively thinking about posting something.
With Facebook’s Creator Studio, you can easily schedule your Instagram posts. For this all you need is a Facebook page and an Instagram page that are connected to each other, that’s it, it is that easy!
No more third-party scheduling apps that don’t even automatically post the images. Now, you can plan everything out in advance, schedule it for whenever you want, sit back and (try to) relax.
Female foeticide is the practice of figuring out the foetus’ gender and heading for abortion if it is a girl. Though unacceptable, it continues to be practiced by many people. Besides this, some cultures practice female infanticide-the custom of killing the baby girl after she is born. This fact is highlighted by the research results of the 2001 census which show that for every 1000 men there are only 933 women in this country. In addition, data from the Census (2011) showed a significant reduction in the Child Sex Ratio (CSR), estimated as the number of girls per 1000 boys between 0 and 6 years of age, for an all-time low of 918 in 2011 compared to 976 in 1961.
This downward trend in the sex ratio means that we are not only depriving girls of human rights, we are also robbing them of their right to live. Over the latter months of last year, all the children born in a region in northern India were boys, a survey found, and stoking fears of rampant female feticide. Oppressive mentality and technology are to blame, experts say.
Uttarakhand is a Northern Indian Himalayan state. The erratic weather and hard terrain mean a tough life for the inhabitants of the area, numbering more than 10 million. Women in the state have predominantly been the economic backbone of their communities, earning money, running houses, collecting firewood and transporting water for thousands of metres every day. Historically, they have taken part in many social movements, including the popular tree-hugging or “chipko” movement in the 1970s, when women in the Chamoli district tied to trees to prevent large-scale deforestation.
In later years, women have been involved, among others, in a social movement against building the Tehri dam and hydroelectric power plant. Women in Uttarakhand, however, as in most parts of India, struggle from the low status they are granted in Indian society and culture.
India’s last census, carried out in 2011, showed that the child sex ratio of Uttarakhand (the number of girls per 1,000 boys) fell from 908 in 2001 to 890 ten years later. Recent figures were all the more disturbing. A government survey carried out recently in 132 villages in the state’s Uttarkashi district disclosed that none of the 216 children born over three months in those villages were girls. The problem is not confined solely to Uttarakhand, but it encompasses state borders. A son is regarded the upholder of the family name in Indian culture, which he passes on to his son, and so on.
The preponderance of this mindset in India means that women are seen as the submissive gender and must comply with the rules that society has set for them. Economic advancement and better physical infrastructure have not been able to change the mind-sets of people.
Data from the 2011 census show that relatively wealthy states such as Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat and Maharashtra have a very poor child sex ratio, while some of the less developed regions such as Chhattisgarh and the northeastern states have a much stronger child sex ratio. India ranks fourth in the world, after Liechtenstein, China and Armenia, in terms of slanted birth sex ratios, according to data. There are 112 boys in the world’s second most populous nation, for every 100 girls.
In an official 2013 report, India’s health department found out that sound discrimination, neglect of the girl child resulting in higher mortality at younger age, female infanticide, and female foeticide were the primary reasons for the skewed sex ratio. The government passed legislation banning the use of ultrasound testing to ascertain the sex of a foetus and sex-selective abortions. Sociologists warn that skewed sex ratios can, over a period of time, lead to a deterioration of women’s rights in these cultures, and make them more vulnerable to sexual harassment.
As you all know, the French Revolution was a long period of social and political upheaval in France and its various colonies which began in 1789 and ended in 1799 with the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. A combination of social, economic, intellectual and political reasons led to this revolution. Let us look at the causes of the revolution one by one.
BANKRUPTCY The very first reason for the outbreak of the revolution was the bankruptcy of the treasury. Under the French king Louis XVI, France had helped thirteen American colonies in gaining freedom from their common enemy- Britain. The French government had spent a lot of money on the war and had incurred a debt of over 2 billion livres. The treasury was being used up for paying back the loans which the government had taken and to maintain Louis XVI’s flamboyant and extravagant court at the palace of Versailles. Thus, to meet its regular expenses like maintaining the army, the court, the universities, running of government establishments etc, the government had to increase the taxes. Now, we first need to understand that the French society was divided into three estates or classes- the Clergy, the nobility and the peasantry. The first two estates enjoyed a lot of privileges which included exemption from paying taxes. Hence, now the entire tax burden was on the shoulders of the poor peasantry who did not even have the resources to afford a decent living. Thus, this new burden of paying increased taxes enraged them.
STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE The second reason which led to resentment amongst the French was the struggle they had to go through for survival. The population had increased from 23 million to about 28 million between 1715 and 1789. This led to an increase in the demand for bread but unfortunately, the production of grain did not grow in tandem with the rise in demand. Thus, the price of the bread rose rapidly. Now since the wages of the workers were fixed, they could not afford buying bread at increased prices which led to widespread hunger and malnutrition amongst the people and the economic gap between the rich and the poor also increased.
GROWING MIDDLE CLASS The third reason was the growth of a middle class. Throughout the 17th and the 18th century, there was a growth in the production of textiles and subsequent rise in overseas trade. Consequently, by the 18th century, a new middle class emerged which was engaged in this trade. The members of this class believed that no group in the society should be privileged by birth. Rather, a person’s social position must depend on his merit. Philosophers like John Locke and Rousseau put forward the idea of a society based on freedom and equality. Their ideas slowly became popular amongst the common people who would widely discuss their philosophies in salons and coffee houses.
ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES The last reason was the inefficiency and corruption in the administration, which did not pay attention to the peasantry. Added to this was the injustice the third estate (which was essentially the peasantry) was facing because of its social position. Hence, all these reasons forced the people of France to attack the wealthy aristocratic class including the monarch.
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