ACCIDENTS DO NOT HAPPEN, BUT ARE MADE

Accidents do happen almost daily in one part of the country or the other just because we don’t care or just start worrying about it only after the inevitable has overtaken us. It may be a boat tragedy in Bihar, or a collision between a speeding train and a bus at an unmanned level crossing, or hundreds of road accidents happening in cities or the countryside, or the occasional train accidents, or air crashes, or the deluge triggered when a check dam gives way sweeping away habitations, or infernos in schools, cinema halls, marriage pandals, or fire in high rise buildings. The list of such accidents could be endless. When such things happen, we blame everything else except ourselves.

Take road accidents. A rough estimate long ago put the number of deaths on the roads in India at around a lakh every year. It must be more now with lakhs of vehicles of different descriptions entering our highways, city streets and village roads. None knows the number of injured and those incapacitated for life. Speed kills, especially, when the man behind the wheel goes beyond the legally permissible limits in certain zones of the city. You court disaster when you lose your sense of judgment and start driving after fully drunk at a dinner in a part or a hotel. Often you come across the hoarding. “Don’t mix driving with drinking”.

On Highways between Delhi and Jaipur or other cities like Chandigarh and Ludhiana or Chennai and Trichy, one would daily notice a goods carrier overturned with the voluminous contents of the vehicle scattered on the road. Here are drivers who work for prolonged hours for their living and they wouldn’t know when they fall asleep. Fatigue and overwork take their toll. A brake failure or a mechanical defect, all caused by failure by the vehicle owners to get their vehicles checked up or serviced periodically.

In several instances of road accidents, the government turns out to be the number one villain. Speed breakers or humps are not properly marked with the result riders of two wheelers coming at high speeds, can easily be thrown off their seats and can cause fatal accidents. Roads are in bad shape in many cities in several States. Different departments – the Electricity Department, the Telephone Department, Sewerage Wing and the Water Department – working with the least coordination among themselves, dig up the sideways of the roads or across the road by turn and leave them in awful condition creating the right conditions for accidents. And nobody takes any responsibility if any mishap happens.

Boat accidents create small news inside cover pages. Road accidents are routine even though they kill 1,00,000 people in the country every year. A rail accident or air crash is a good subject for banner headlines or for the channels to “break news”. But wherever an enquiry is conducted, one would find human error as the underlying factor. Accidents are bound to happen when a boat carries more than the capacity it is supposed to take. Vehicles collide with a speeding train at an unmanned rail crossing as the driver of the vehicle commits a fatal mistake and has to pay a dear price because of his error of judgement.

Now the situation has been changed due to Covid 19 pandemic. The accidents has decreased.There is no traffic jam. People are not busy with their work so the main streets are clean without waste and noise. An invisible virus is now able to control humanity which restricts the movement and actions where the law failed.

Is Cyberbullying Real?

Unless and until our society recognizes cyberbullying for what it is, the suffering of thousands of silent victims will continue.

Facebook, Instagram and Twitter may be the main social networks used to keep in touch with friends, but, worryingly, they are also the main sites used for cyberbullying and internet trolling.

Cyberbullying has been emerging as a growing concern for quite some years now. With the power of anonymity, people can verbally attack others over social networking sites, most often going after students with low self-esteem or a low circle of friends. These are not exclusive targets, but there’s a general consensus that these are the groups that are most affected by cyberbullying. Anybody can be a victim- although it’s the young teens that are most vulnerable.

Cyberbullying can affect its victims in more ways than you can imagine. Besides bringing down self esteem, it alienates you from social crowds, and in some cases, it may push people to severe depression and suicide. And, no it’s not as simple as ‘just turning the computer off’ or ‘simply looking away’. Think of it this way: if someone hurts your feelings on the phone, is stepping away from the phone going to magically fix it? No, because the issue lies with the person and the interaction, not the phone itself. Similarly, cyberbullying doesn’t end when you turn off the computer. Our real lives are so intertwined with social networks now that if you poison someone’s network, it will poison his or her real life. Besides, asking the bullied victim to not use the computer or advising them to refrain from going online is a rather harsh demand for obvious reasons. The focus should be on fixing the bully issue, not putting the onus on the victims. It’s even worse when the bullies wear the shroud of anonymity. After all, how do you deal with a bully when you don’t even know who he or she is. Cyberbullying is visceral too. Bullies can go out of their way to post unflattering pictures of you or paint you in a negative light in ways that they can’t do face-to-face.

What’s worse it that there’s not much that can be done about it. Cyberbullying is still protected by freedom of speech, and as long as a bully isn’t crossing over into obvious libel territory, they can’t really be touched. Even then, if you had a libel case, it is costly, expensive, and hard to prove.

So, why do people cyberbully? Is it out of jealousy or hatred? Or is it just the law of the jungle that the strong bullies the weak?

It is a myth that the strong bully the weak. It is those who cannot handle their stress with grace, who attack the gentle natured. The most clear, and psychological aspect is that they feel tough behind a computer screen, and believe that anything they say won’t affect them negatively in the grand scheme. It is a sort of thought process that most people employ when cyberbullying. Think of it this way. How much more likely are you to argue or even insult someone online than you are to do in person? You would probably feel “safer” attacking someone online as opposed to in-person, and understandably so. They could do it to feel better about themselves. A lot of bullying cases, IRL or online are usually fed by insecurity or hatred towards oneself. Again, most bullies have some underlying problem which they believe can be quelled by being aggressive online. It’s also much easier since they don’t have to worry about other factors and feel they are safe from consequence. Lastly, they could just be looking for attention. It is evident that most cyberbullies attack others for the sake of attention, and the ability to instigate a response out of a victim.

So, if you ever encounter a cyberbully, Know that it’s not your fault and Don’t respond or retaliate. Sometimes a reaction is exactly what aggressors are looking for because they think it gives them power over you, and you don’t want to empower a bully. Further, you should save the evidence and Use available tech tools to either block the person and/or report the person to the service.

Lets never forget that words impact people emotionally, and how you feel emotionally affects how you are physically. Pulling someone down will never help you reach the top.

Screenshot_20200716-120846_Chrome — A keyboard away doesn’t make it okay.

What is Sustainable Development?

Our planet is currently facing grave dangers in the form of climate change and global warming. Resources are depleting at a rapid rate and mass extinctions of species are on the rise. This is one among the, if not the foremost global issue of our times. We cannot underestimate its importance since what we do now about this crisis will decide the fate of our future generations and the existence of life itself on our planet.

It is in this context that sustainable development is propounded as a measure that can greatly better the quality of all human life as well as ensures better protection for the planet. Sustainable development refers to principles for development that we can follow to ensure that our current needs are met without us compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. It places great importance on healthy sustenance of the natural systems and ecological conditions that we have which ensures the prosperity of humankind as well. Without them, our societies would not be able to survive as they currently are.

low angle photo of airplane — Photo by Sam Willis on Pexels.com

This is absolutely essential because we have come dangerously close to irreversibly depleting the resources that we take from nature. With the industrial revolution and Capitalism taking a stronghold of our cultures in the last century, our focus was generally bent on mass production and profit. Materialism and consumer culture greatly encouraged and solidified this move. The need for progress, the development of cities that were built without proper planning, the rise of the use-and-throw culture, the large scale production of materials that do not naturally decompose, and poor waste management plans all led to a situation where nature was suffering from being indiscriminately exploited. Large scale mining, unprecedented deforestation that clears up entire woodlands, using up of non-renewable resources that cannot be replaced in the same quantity simultaneously at the rate of consumption are all situations where human intervention is disrupting the natural equilibrium. These states of harmony and equilibrium are vital for sustenance of all kinds of life and man cannot hope to progress as a species at the cost of using up every resource available. This will only lead to his extinction as well.

The United Nations Development Programme announced 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015. This includes goals such as eradication of poverty and hunger, gender equality, good health, and gender equality, while also aiming at better protection of natural resources on land and in water, climate action, clean water, responsible consumption and production, sustainable communities, etc. This was done to create a better environment and living conditions for all of humanity by 2030, fast-tracking progress for the communities who were behind. SDGs are for all the countries in the world.

A developmental method by which man and nature can co-exist well is the need of the hour, and sustainable development moves ahead with these goals. It seeks to redeem much of what has been lost and protect what we have now so that our existence will not be threatened, but also for the sake of the flora, fauna and the resources and ecosystems surrounding us. If we are to have a future where we do not need to pay for water and buy air, where lives can be led in ways not threatening to nature, we are to work towards more sustainable modes of progress and development.

The Visibly Invisible

Hijras are a sexual minority that’s very visible, and yet they are treated by the society as if they’re invisible.

When Lord Rama was exiled from Ayodhya and his entire kingdom began to follow him into the forest, he told his disciples: “Men and women, please wipe your tears and go away.” So they left. Still, a group of people stayed behind, at the edge of the forest, because they were neither men nor women. They were hijras, which in Urdu means something like eunuchs. Those people waited in the woods for 14 years until Lord Rama returned, which won them a special place in Hindu mythology.

At a traffic signal on a busy day, the slight tapping on my car’s window by a transgender would often unnerve me. They are persistent, and there is a common notion that they will cause you embarrassment if you don’t hand them money. At other times, one might find them in the trains badgering the passengers for money, often to point that even the bystanders feel uncomfortable.But is that all there is to their identity? What is it like to be a hijra in India?

I can only guess. One must be fighting a constant battle with the rest of one’s nation to be taken seriously, to be accepted, to be respected, to be spared a laugh, to feel secure about their sexuality and to be understood, among so many other things. We can only guess.However, we can at the very least attempt to understand their plight. Imagine you’re thrown out of your house. What would you do? You’d go to your friend’s place? Or you’d go find some work and make your living? Imagine you don’t have any friends. And even if you did have any, they wouldn’t let you anywhere near their houses. What would you do now? Obviously you’d get some petty job and start earning for your own expenses. Now, imagine this. People aren’t even willing to give you a job. Everywhere you go, they just shoo you away, wanting to get rid of you from those places as quickly as possible. What’s next? You can’t go back home since your family has deserted you. You might want to try to talk to someone. Then, imagine no one even wants to lift their eyes and look at you when you approach them. You’re someone most people don’t even want to see. That’s the daily life of a transgender or a hijra.

Today hijras, who include transgender and intersex people are really hard to miss. Dressed in glittering saris, their faces heavily coated in cheap makeup, they sashay through crowded intersections and crash fancy weddings and birth ceremonies, singing bawdy songs and leaving with fistfuls of rupees. Behind the theatrics, however, are often sad stories — of the sex trade and exploitation, cruel and dangerous castrations, being cast out and constantly humiliated. Within India’s L.G.B.T. community, the hijras maintain their own somewhat secretive subculture.

Hijra communities face several sexual health issues including HIV, and since most hijras are from lower socioeconomic status and have low literacy levels, there are several barriers stand in their way of seeking health care. Mental health needs of hijras too are barely addressed in the current HIV programs. Some of
the mental health issues reported in these communities include depression and suicidal tendencies, possibly secondary to societal stigma, lack of social support, HIV status. There’s also the need to address alcohol and substance use among the hijra communities, a significant proportion of which consume alcohol possibly to forget stress and depression that they face in their daily life.

One might argue that since they’re able-bodied, they should just get a job job and provide for themselves. Yes, they absolutely should. Except for two words – social stigma. Most people would know the Kochi Metro recruited many transwomen when it started operations. Almost all of them have since quit. Why? Because while the job paid them 9–10,000 rupees a month, nobody would rent them accommodation, so they had to end up in lodges which cost hundreds daily. Ergo, they spent more than what they earned. In that instance, the government tried, and so did they. But society didn’t. The media also outed some women who were living secretly, away from family. The result? Threats of death if they came back home. In India, lakhs of male engineers are struggling to find gainful employment. What chance do these uneducated transwomen stand? They are not eunuchs by choice, they were born like that. We fail to create an environment for them in which they feel equal to us (which they are), in which they can lead a respectful and decent life by earning a living and not by begging, the least we can do is to help them by giving them these small amount of money, which hardly makes any difference to us.

Thus, the next time you meet a transgender, be polite, behave in a humble manner because what we see is the reflection of what we as a society have done to them. Tackle them with empathy and kindness, and be eternally grateful that you are not struggling with your gender, thrust on you by society. It could’ve easily been any one of us in their place. Even if you don’t give them money, at least don’t look at them with disgust.

At the end of the day, they’re normal people but it’s the world that makes them feel different.

screenshot_20200713-120140_chrome — The visibly invisible community.

How to Help !

If You really want to help someone believe me you don’t need to help them ,yes this is a fact that if you help someone or you can help someone then don’t do so please! Don’t do so because it’s worthless but if you help someone in a different way like :you can encourage them to work on there on so that they can earn their livelihood so if you can help in this manner then it would be great full for all , what was tge motive arround it? The main motive is to make our youth more worthy and not only youth it’s all about our whole indian population and it’s totally up on us …., So would you like to help ?

The wisdom of crowdsourcing

Nestle’s Maggi is one of the most loved food brands in India. Maggi has to turn into the beloved and utmost enjoyed food of all ages. Perceiving the enthusiasm, Nestle in 2011 presented the “Guess the Taste” scheme. They requested supporters to estimate the taste of new, unidentified taste of veggie noodles and name the noodles for the company in India. Theses mystery-flavored noodles are being vended across India in package striking with a unique question mark. In the process, Nestle received more than 45000 consumers entries with their recommended names for the taste. “Guess the taste” scheme follows other fruitful endeavors by Nestle’s Maggi brand to identify and advance its long and prosperous relationship with consumers in India.
This example summaries the usage of crowdsourcing for market concepts and resolutions, comprising a name for a freshly improved taste.When industries crowdsource, they request the community for opinions, knowledge, and views to aid them to produce improved products and services. By crowdsourcing, businesses can tap into a vast group of people’s knowledge and expertise, guaranteeing a variety of concepts, advanced creation, and cost-cutting, from the time when they don’t require to hire new, in-house employees. Companies who crowdsource generally decode gigantic missions into individual errands, which permits them to assign hundreds of thousands of people small jobs that they can work on by themselves. In publicizing, companies use crowdsourcing to create marketing materials such as a logo, jingle, or ad. Furthermore, crowdsourced marketing campaigns frequently include the customers submitting and voting on materials.
When the UK labor party developed its first Advertisement for the general election campaign in April 2010, they used the talents of their supporters to design the advertisement. The party’s advertising agency, Saatchi invited supporters to respond to an online brief to design their first election billboard poster and received around 1000 responses.

Epidemic Disease Disaster

On 31st December 2019, Wuhan reported a number of pneumonia cases that eventually lead to the identification of the novel Coronavirus. In no time, this disease found its way to different parts of the world. It was responsible for a record number of positive cases and multiple deaths. The lack of a vaccine, resulted in a huge impact on a global level, World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Coronavirus was officially declared as a pandemic worldwide.
India remained untouched from the virus in spite it being a close neighbor of China until the students who had just returned from Wuhan were tested positive. It started testing passengers flying in from different parts of the world only after fourteen Italians in Jaipur were tested positive. Most reported cases were of people who had returned from foreign travel. A couple of positive cases resulted in a domino effect. The situation became much worse, such, that a traditional colonial legislation was brought to the limelight. Its application highlighted the defects of the act. In this article, I’ll throw light on the many defects the act has and amendments that need to be incorporated. India was completely unprepared for its fight with coronavirus. Many states have enforced the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897 to contain the spread of the virus.
History of the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897
The Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897 carries a colonial baggage. It was introduced during a time when Colonial India witnessed over 10 million deaths due to the disease that had its birth in Hong Kong.3 Western medicine proved to be largely inefficient against the Bubonic Plague of 1896. The neglect of the Colonial Government cost them hundreds of lives each day. The Plague’s mortality rate of 60 percent made it obligatory for the Government to not only find a cure, but also control the spread of the disease.

Looking at the magnitude of damage, a Plague Committee was constituted under the chairmanship of Prof. T.R. Frasor, Professor of Materia Medica at the University of Edinburgh.4 They made a report that documented the effect of the disease and the means to curtail transmission. The report concluded that the disease was highly contagious and recognized human transmission as a means of spread. The commission recommended necessary preventive measures to disinfect and evacuate infected places, to put a control over mass transit, and to improve sanitary conditions. The commission also suggested strengthening of public health services and development of laboratories. It was John Woodburn who first introduced the Epidemic Diseases Bill to the Governor General and the Council. The Governor and the Council hastily passed the bill in February 1897 to have better control over the situation. The executive of the presidency towns had discretion to adopt any measures that could aid in limiting the transmission. The extraordinary nature of the act was considered well suited to the extraordinary situation at hand. Various researches were conducted, Plague Research Committees were formed. Their findings showed that the chief cause of the spread was lack of hygiene and poor sanitation across the country. Plague Research Laboratory was also set up in Bombay, to find a vaccine for the plague.
The Present Scenario
According to the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897, the act is enforced to control and prevent an epidemic. The silence of the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897 speaks volumes about its defects. The most basic defect is that there is no definition of the word ’epidemic’. What constitutes as an epidemic? A definition is essential to show exactly when the act is applicable. For example, the Disaster Management Act, 2005 includes the provisions for how and when the act will be applicable. Further, an epidemic and a pandemic have different meanings. An epidemic is defined as “an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects an exceptionally high proportion of the population.” The term pandemic relates to geographic spread and is used

to describe a disease that affects a whole country or the entire world. This difference must be highlighted in the definition. WHO does recognize several diseases as epidemic or pandemic prone, such as Ebola, Yellow Fever, Plague, Spanish Flu, Cholera, Influenza, SARS, Dengue Fever, Chikungunya etc. However, a developing tropical country like India, can have many diseases that are prone to its geographical nature and the name of such a disease might not find its way on the WHO outbreak website. Thus, a definition cut out for our country is a necessity. The act gives discretionary powers to the government, what if the lack of a definition is misused by our power hungry representatives. The haste of the Colonial Government is very evident in this poorly drafted act because a legislation that is supposed to control epidemic or pandemic having a global impact, only has four sections. Currently, the act is giving both general and specific power to the government to take discretionary measures when the law is insufficient. One such power is segregation of infected people from the healthy. Colonial Government misused this vast power to arrest freedom fighters. What if history repeats itself? There is a never ending political and religious feud going on in the country. Who is to say that the government might not take a page from the books of the Colonial Government?
Every act requires a legal framework that specifies the duties of the government and the rights of the people. An epidemic may be an emergency in its true sense but it’s not an emergency as per the constitution. What happens to the basic rights of the people? Can they be suspended without a declaration of an emergency? The act makes no mention of the people’s rights because it was created by a government that had no regard for the rights of the people. It is a policing act rather than a safeguard. The exact duties of the authorities, the extent of rights available or suspended, modes to enforce or infringed rights ought to be mentioned. Further, the exact method of how and when the act applies needs to be jotted down.
The act is very outdated for this day and age. It has completely neglected the scientific aspect. Smallpox, once an epidemic, is now completely eradicated because of science. Prevention
Ibid. of diseases umbrellas scientific methods to help fight the disease. The act should provide for scientific advancement for disease at hand by setting up special laboratories and form research groups of doctors eager to find a cure. If a disease, prone to a pandemic or an epidemic is communicable, it should be made obligatory for the medical practitioners to notify the government whether it’s a public hospital or a private hospital. A notification benefits in surveillance of the diseased and the potential harm they can cause to ones close to them. All the hospitals in an area might not be equipped to treat a disease, the government must make it their duty to provide aid to as many hospitals as possible so more number of hospitals can provide their expertise and care.
The Supreme Court believes that private laboratories must be philanthropic. While hearing a PIL (Shashank Deo Sudhi v. Union of India & Ors.), a Bench of Justices Ashok Bhushan and Ravindra Bhat of the Supreme Court passed an interim order requiring that all private laboratories conducting COVID-19 tests do so free of cost, similar to the government laboratories.11 This interim order raises the question of the roles played by the court system, how they work and what decision making powers they have during such times. This too remains unexplained.
It’s a great decision that India has taken at the cost of its economy in order to protect the health of its citizens. As good as a step it is, the unorganized sector suffers a lot from such an economic setback. The government should create transparent relief funds that aim to benefit the economically challenged. Currently, the government is allegedly helping the unorganized sector with money and ration but the news coming from these sectors speaks otherwise.Thus, transparency in allocation of such resources should be mandatory especially when the government asks the people to contribute. They have a right to know how their money is being utilized.
National Heath Bill was introduced in 2009. This bill voices the need of a better act with respect to the health of the citizens. It incorporates everything that has been missing in the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897. The bill recognizes health as a fundamental human right and states that every citizen has a right to the highest attainable standard of health and well-being.12 It lays Avani Bansal, “Free COVID-19 Testing: Does the Supreme Court’s view on ‘Philanthropy’ have a legal basis?”
down the obligations of the government authorities, it calls for respect of the rights of health care providers, and for the establishment of National level and State level Public Health Boards, it provides for a mechanism to monitor the government and many other provisions that are entirely absent in the colonial legislation.
Conclusion
Health is a very important aspect in a man’s life and it shouldn’t be compromised just because the legislature couldn’t create an act for the same. COVID-19 is a wakeup call that illustrates the desperate need for a new and a better legislation. Epidemic Diseases Act doesn’t make a huge difference and thus, I believe that it should be repealed. The amendments and additions that need to be made in the act are all provided in the National Health Bill. Instead of amending the Epidemic Diseases Act and providing for similar provisions in the bill, the act should be repealed and National Health Bill should be passed to form a legislation. What amounts to a pandemic or an epidemic should be well defined. Provisions for proper rights of the people should be mentioned. Rights of the people and those of health care providers must be respected. It should be more of a safeguard for the people than a policing act. The government has taken commendable measures to tackle the problem and such measures should be itemized as duties of the government. I hope to see a tomorrow where India is better equipped with a law that can battle any disease that comes forth. I hope that the government stresses on the National Health Bill and its importance especially after the experience it has with the current disease.

What is Public Relation?

According to Frank Jeffkins- Public Relation Is a planned, deliberate, and sustained effort, to build and promote mutual understanding between an organization and its public to bridge the communication gap.

The basic purpose of Public Relation is more or less the same in every sector. It is an art and science of developing reciprocal understanding and goodwill. Effective public relations can win people to a certain cause or a program. It can also motivate people to buy a certain product or service. It can encourage investment from the public. Therefore, the need for public relations is obvious.

There is a success if some ground rules are followed. Therefore, some essential for good Public Relations are-

PR man should have a thorough knowledge of an organization
Well versed in PR techniques
Alert to the public mood and new trends
Creative and knowledgeable
Broad public relations experience is extremely necessary for success.

Public Relations includes a host of things- press relations, advertising, publication, audio-visual and outdoor media, community relations, organization of conferences and seminars, hospitability and entertainment, financial relations, relations with the government, internal communications, etc. More important than all these activities is the projection of the image of the organization in different media-press, radio, and TV.

It is both art and science, has the beauty of art and technique of science. The substance of public relations is to develop understanding among different constituents that deal with the organization. The PR dealings should stress on accuracy, integrity, performance and providing of newsy, timely information, and other material. In any case, the PR man should avoid begging or trying to get pressure publicity through news columns and newscasts by using pressure publicity through news columns and newscasts by using advertising as a weapon. The PR man has to keep all these aspects in mind.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Indian Workforce

How Covid-19 Might Change Indian Feminist Narratives For Eternity

Increasing confirmed cases in India of Coronavirus had caused a drastic disruption in the lives of people. The economy is hit, and a slowdown has been expected. The lockdown has put the life in India to a standstill, and every industry is putting recruitment on hold or laying off workers and making decisions regarding pay cuts. The automotive and IT sectors are suffering the most, as there was a significant dependence on exports and imports. The economy is also being affected by the same, i.e., the supply irregularities due to modifications in international trade policies. We can look for a silver lining in this situation as the Indian industries might emerge as the major suppliers in the areas of pharmaceuticals and textiles. The significant impact is on the people running all these industries. The country is not only facing economic losses but also human resource losses. These are both physical and psychological. This is discussed further by dividing the workforce into three types – a) Daily wage workers, b) Normal Employees, c) Managers/Head of Departments/Companies.

The needs of different workers have been explained using Maslow’s Need Hierarchy theory in this article it is assumed that the conditions stated in his theory hold true.

Daily wage workers and urban poor include the people working in the agricultural sector, construction sites, car washers in a typical scenario. But with progress in technologies and companies like Uber, Ola, Zomato, etc. coming up, the delivery boys, cab drivers etc. are also people who might earn a monthly income but are still in a job with little assurance of income. Then there are mechanics, vegetable vendors, etc. with no fixed payment as well. All of the above mentioned and many others have been left with no means to earn a livelihood after the lockdown was imposed to contain COVID-19’s spread in India. The closing hotels and restaurants and little movement on the streets have left many people devoid of income.

For these people, the main aim is to earn a livelihood and secure their income for tomorrow. Their needs can be related to the first and second need defined in the Malow’s need hierarchy, i.e., physiological and safety needs. These people have not moved up and do not crave recognition in the organization as such. Most of them are not even a part of any organization as well. These people will be affected the most since there can be three possible scenarios. First being that they might become too dependent on the government aid being provided to them during the lockdown period. Second, if their locus of control is external, they might end up being depressed and let the suffering take a toll on them. Third, if their locus of control is internal, they might strive to make their situation better after the lockdown period and prepare in advance for any future pandemic.

The people who will breed on government’s aid might become lethargic and lack the motivation to do work again. They will be forced to do work after the conditions normalize, and this will cause them to be dissatisfied because of their mindset of receiving without working. The people who have an external locus of control, which encompasses most of this population because poor people might not always give priority to mindset development, will suffer the most. They will keep blaming the authorities and the external conditions and will let the pandemic disrupt their lives. The people who have an internal locus of control might try to make the best of their current situation while planning for the future.

The normal workers are the ones working in the corporate world and are related to certain organizations and are financially stable. These workers are facing layoff and pay – cut tensions as almost every organization is trying to manage finances with the economy coming

down. Some organizations have decided to not take this path such as DLF limited, which did not take a pay – cut and is not even retrenching the workforce.

Companies outside India like Tesla has decided to do the opposite. It laid off all the non- essential workers till May 4 and even took a pay cut of 10%. Around 3,000 workers were also laid off by Sephora. In India, most of the companies and start-ups are following the same path. Techolution laid off 20 workers in Telangana. Acko, an online insurance firm, laid off 50 employees. Fareportal, a travel firm based in the US, cut off on 500 workers in India.

Bounce, a transportation network company, has decided to take 20-60% pay cuts. All these measures are being taken to ensure that the organizations have finances to run their business when the conditions normalize. Some companies are taking initiatives not to lay off workers and continue working from home, but it is also a challenge only around 5% of their employees have Wi-Fi at their homes.

The people working in these organizations can be classified into three types based on their needs. First are those who still are struggling to fulfil their safety needs in the Maslow need hierarchy. Second, are those who have affiliation and esteem needs that are to be satisfied, and the third category is of those people whose self-actualization needs are too satisfied.

A relation between locus of control and motivation level can be established as people who tend to struggle in fulfilling their safety needs are usually stuck at the external locus of control. Thus, such people will feel unmotivated and distressed during the period of lockdown as their need for security won’t be fulfilled due to the retrenchment process going on in many organizations.

People who require the feeling of belongingness and are out to fulfil their esteem needs might make use of this lockdown period if they have access to the required resources. There can be two categories in these people as well. Some might spend their time leisurely, but the ones with an internal locus of control will try to improve their skillset and use the time productively.

This is also a great opportunity for people who want to satisfy their need for self-actualization as now they can serve the community and do something helpful for society. Some professionals are doing it be it situational or be it out of their sense of duty, for example, the doctors, policeman, etc.

The people who are at managing positions in the organizations have different problems altogether. That set of the workforce is influenced by their type of commitment towards their organization. The people who have an affective commitment towards the firm they work with will be the people who will help these firms to recover after the lockdown. They will be forced to think creatively so that they can sustain their finances and help the company grow. A few examples of such people are Deep Kalra and Rajesh Magow the founders of MakeMyTrip have decided to take 100% pay cut and not affect the salaries of their employees.

Then some people have a normative or continuance commitment towards the organization and might not be willing to put in efforts to contribute to the organization. They would probably plan for their secure future and their savings.

Thus, COVID-19 won’t only be impacting the population physically, but it also has left so many people psychological affected. The organizations like Sephora, are also trying to help their workers by assuring that once the conditions normalize, they might consider taking the laid-off workers back. Bridged is also taking initiatives to help employees during this time of self-isolation by making a service available so that people can talk to someone and share their problems.

There is a strong need to balance out the focus on running the organizations and taking care of the employees. Similar initiatives are required to focus and develop the workforce in India because of it one of the things the country will rely on reviving the economy after the pandemic ends.

Some measures that the organizations can take are that they can host free webinars for their employees and even for the laid-off workers to give an insight into the skills that would be required in the coming times.

There can also be awareness spread about how to take care of their mental health along with physical health. Also, there is a need to let the population staying at home right now know how essential it is to develop their skills. The silver lining in this tough situation is that we might end up with a more skilled workforce. This is because people might choose not to get into jobs for some time and pursue higher education.

The main crux of the situation is that it is necessary to address their needs keeping in mind the feasibility aspect as well because that is the essence of organizational behaviour. Human resource cannot be ignored totally to sustain organizations because even if the companies manage to use finances wisely, there would still be a need for employees to ensure future success.

Do Results Really Matter?

Many states have declared their results for this year. Similarly, ICSE and CBSE also declared their results recently. Many of them have secured good marks and some of them have not secured what they have expected it’s a same story every year where many students had achieved their dream and some of them failed to achieve it. In India June-July-August is known for its results season. I would say it’s also neighbours and relatives judgement season in which they judge the calibre of the appeared students with the marks they score in their exams and forecast their future. Yes, results matter in many ways if the students’ scores good marks the students will get himself admitted in his dream college he will be living his dream life thereafter. Students with good marks can fulfil eligibility criteria of many companies who hire students with good marks only. Student with good result have a different queue in many places, we all have experience it in some stage of our life let us take a simple example of interviews of toppers in all news channel interviewing about their success story, their hardships, their routine time-table and the list goes on. In our childhood when we take small small steps and put our leg forward watching a smiling face of our parents stand at a distance and encouraging us so that we can reach towards them but in between of our path we fall down our parents will reach out to help and then start blaming the tiles, ground who make us fall. We have a habit of blaming someone for the cause of action performed by us be the tiles, ground or let’s say the tuition teacher, the education system, the environment or maybe God.

Exam results cannot decide what future holds for us. Exam results are just numbers written on a paper but sometimes we emphasis on them a lot than they deserve. No doubt exam results are important but it was just one opportunity from the plenty others which are waiting for us with open arms in future. We have many alternative paths to choose our career from. As the main aim is to have a career which can help us to yield. India’s education system runs on the principal of mugging if the students can mug the book and puke it on answer sheet he will get a tag of an intelligent students. In real world this principal doesn’t work they are more interested in the knowledge the students has and how that knowledge can be useful for their company’s day-to-day activities. Parents of the students play a vital role in these times they should talk about the brighter side which the future holds. Parents are more interested in comparing the marks of their child with other child this builds a pressure on the child which have their own side effects. Nowadays, depression is the most common phenomena in teenagers once the child start thinking no one accepts him, everyone judges him, he has no purpose in life etc. are the common symptoms of depression.

In my opinion I think the students should really ask themselves the question what he/she was doing during 4-5 months prior to the exam this will give a clear idea to the student what he/she has done in past. Keeping that thing in mind the students should act accordingly in future. Parents should also keep their child motivated, teach them that they had only missed an opportunity, prepare them for future hurdles and unfold other opportunities which will come in their way. The students should believe in themselves they should know the importance of education and how education can change once life in so many better ways.

TRADEMARKS

WHY TRADEMARKS GET OBJECTED AND HOW TO OVERCOME TRADEMARK OBJECTIONS

So, the topic here has two parts in consideration, first one is the meaning of the term ‘TRADEMARKS’ and ‘OBJECTION’. So, ‘TRADEMARKS’ means a linear representation which can be in any forms like word, phrases, logo, brand, heading, name, signature, combination of colors, letter, numeral, device, label, etc. which are printed on different products by the company and make it a brand, which makes it more clear and specific. On the other hand, ‘OBJECTION’ means there is an examination of a trademark application and a report is generated. So, the reports include the objections obtained against the registrability of the mark.

So, the reasons behind the objections of the trademarks are as follows;Use of incorrect trademark form- If the application is not made on the correct form or structure, then an objection will be raised by the trademark examiner very easily.

Incorrect trademark applicant name- The application must be filled in the name of a partnership firm and also the name mentioned in the application should contain the names of all the partners.

Flawed differentiation- If any trademark creates confusion in the eyes of a consumer and not helping them to identify the goods or services, then an objection can be raised against it.

Presence of an identical trademark- When a trademark is matching to a registered trademark, then an objection can be raised. So, the owner must look after the trademark database before finalizing any trademark so that it can form a unique or a specific trademark.

A nasty word used in the trademark- A trademark examiner may reject any trademark containing offensive words, images, as it may hurt the sentiments of a particular religion, community and individuality too. Affidavit not attached- User affidavit is a very important document. The trademark applicant requires submitting this document to the trademark registry. This document helps the applicant to claim any foregoing date of the usage to their respective trademark. There will be a process of furnishing if the applicant uses the trademark precedent to filing an application. So, if the applicant doesn’t submit the affidavit, then the objection can be raised.

How to overcome or manage the trademark objection are as follows;The applicant needs to stay updated of the trademark application; he/she must check the status of the trademark application every fortnight.

So, the trademark before getting registered goes through various stages that checks its registrability. So, if there is an objection to it, will be easily found and can be rectified.

Section 44 of the trademark act 1995 deals with the conflict raised already filed with the office, assignability and transmissibility of associated trademarks also taken into consideration.

For avoiding the objection make sure with the rules that a trademark remains registered for a period of 10 years from the date it was filed. Then it is due for renewal in 10 yearly periods. Online renewal must be conducted in the six months preceding or the six months following the date of expiry.

A fact that two businesses can own same trademark with no objection- If the two businesses are providing different goods/services. For example Penguin Accountants can operate alongside penguin Fruit Traders as long as there is no overlap. This states that how important it is to register your trade mark in the right classes. Trademark Eagle allows undertaking the entire process online, but then checks applications to ensure that no classes are missed.

BY GOVIND SAGAR

The fusion of 5G , IoT and AI leads to “Intelligent connectivity”

Developments in 5G, artificial intelligence (AI) and IoT technologies are leading towards what is being hyped as the era of intelligent connectivity. Rapidly advancing new technologies like mobile, cloud computing, big data or the Internet of Things (IoT) are drivers of this environment of high digital density.
Intelligent connectivity vision
Intelligent connectivity is the combination of high-speed, low-latency 5G networks, cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI), and the linking of billions of devices through the Internet of Things (IoT). When these three revolutionary technologies combine , this hyperconnectivity will enable the undisturbed mobile broadband and the number of connected devices communicating with one other to be virtually limitless. This is the prime enabler of intelligent connectivity to bring in a structural change to improve performance and efficiency and provide a personalised experience.
The digital information is collected by the machines, devices and sensors that make up the Internet of Things(IoT) network. It is analysed and brought into suitable context by Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies . They can be used to automate existing processes by removing manual steps to achieve cost reductions, for prediction or recommendation purposes, and to customize the preferences for a given customer.This would both improve decision-making and allow delivery of personalised services to the users, resulting in a more fulfilling or effective interaction between people and the environment surrounding them. This gives it a clearer path to have a higher rate of productivity too. The ultra-fast and ultra-low latency connectivity provided by 5G networks, combined with IoT and AI technologies will enable new transformational capabilities in virtually almost every industry sector and the way we live and work.
Today, personalised experience is the key to any business and every company is working towards it. It is supposed to have a significant and positive impact on individuals, industries, society and government to transform the way we live and work.

Getting Intelligently connected – Different sectors:
The smart digital possibilities that the industry is working on are as follows:
Transportation & Logistics
Connected Transport Sector : AI driven connected navigation facilitates smoother traffic flow, increased level of road safety and efficiency. While in the logistics sector, intelligent connectivity has the potential to improve efficiency and flexibility in the delivery of goods, making: logistics faster and cheaper.
Deliveries by unmanned vehicles : 5G networks will be able to support high volumes of unmanned delivery robots and drones, and allow operators to precisely coordinate their movements, avoiding collisions with other unmanned vehicles, buildings or other static obstacles along their path. Drones, for example, are already a very promising means of delivering goods in a fast and secure way. Drones are particularly convenient when the end location is characterised by challenging terrain or congested roads, and they have a lower cost than current human-based delivery systems.With the ongoing development of unmanned connected delivery, you will be increasingly able to order shopping from your mobile device and receive it swiftly and securely.
Entertainment
Live streaming : Intelligent connectivity will bring the possibility to deliver 4K and 8K ultra high-definition videos, 3D videos, holograms, augmented reality and virtual reality applications for gaming and immersive TV for the entertainment industry. This means live sports coverage could be broadcasted with a 360- degree view from your favourite players’ perspective. You can be a part of a live music concert without being at the concert physically. This combination of augmented reality and virtual reality will change the way we perceive entertainment in the future.
Advertising : They will become more personalised. Sensor embedded cameras will detect the user’s age and gender to display appropriate product recommendations. The individual’s buying patterns will help companies to analyse and deliver customised purchasing options. Each customer will be treated personally to improve the relevance of advertising.

Workplace productivity
The Internet has made the world a small place today. Intelligent Connectivity will make it smaller and more real. 5G video conferencing can bring together people from anywhere and everywhere – in meetings from home, regional offices, head offices or even remote locations.
Factory automation and remote control of industrial robots : 5G’s high data-rates, ultra-low latency and high reliability can expedite the automation of industrial processes and the remote control of machines and robots. For example, machine learning algorithms can use data collected from sensors and cameras along a supply line to immediately alert an operator of any inconsistencies in the process so that the system could automatically correct the mistake in real-time. 5G would also enable human operators to monitor and adjust the actions of industrial robots from a remote location and interact with them in real time using visual feedback enabled by connected tools such as touch-sensitive gloves and virtual or augmented reality (VR/AR) headsets. Remote inspections and maintenance, and worker’s training is also possible .

Healthcare :
Intelligent connectivity can facilitate surgeons to perform remote diagnosis and remote surgery using specialized robots, potentially revolutionizing access to medical care that today is limited to the geographical location of medical experts.
Smart living :
Driverless cars: Intelligent Connectivity can help every person and every vehicle to communicate with everything else in the vicinity to make road transport safer, efficient, and without collision.
Smart cities: Governments are trying to incorporate sustainability in the form of smart cities where every factor can be monitored, controlled, and conserved. Street lights, traffic signals, electricity, and water can be effectively handled to avoid wastage. Even crime can be handled digitally where sensors-enabled CCTV cameras can analyze behaviors and immediately alert the nearest police station and further assist with the criminal’s facial recognition, digital marking, and electronic tagging of the criminals to keep their activities under control.
Intelligent education: The Internet has broadened the horizons of education from textbooks to global knowledge. Intelligent Connectivity can do more by bringing in a holistic way of learning with augmented reality in classrooms. On a broader level, in areas such as healthcare, engineering, and the armed forces, people can learn hands-on skills from anywhere across the world.
Smart Home applications: Washing machines operating on voice command, homes readjusting itself to your preferred temperature before you step in, or refrigerators that stop cooling – these too we already know of. But the future of smart living can enable home and entertainment appliances and devices to operate beyond imagination by amalgamating with 5G connectivity and IoT. And these will see an unprecedented rise with the inception of 5G of some form of smart devices and energy controls appliance such as thermostats, lighting, or smart home access device like smart door locks, etc.
The final words….
Intelligent connectivity can bring in a structural change to improve performance and efficiency and provide a personalized experience. While this fusion of technologies has the potential to change the way we live and work, there are still uncertainties and challenges that need to be addressed before the benefits can be realized.

Kindly check the below link for the further reference about this article.

https://iot-analytics.com/how-5g-ai-and-iot-enable-intelligent-connectivity/

How 5G, AI and IoT enable “Intelligent Connectivity”

Rise of BTS in India

If PSY’s viral hit Gangnam Style is the extent of your knowledge of Korean pop music, chances are you’re completely unfamiliar with the entire Korean wave. The Korean wave, also known as ‘Hallyu’, includes the domination of Korean skincare products in the cosmetics market, the spread of Korean dramas on Netflix, and finally – the surge of K-pop in the global music industry. K-pop has been a major phenomenon in most East Asian countries for decades now but how did it manage to break through the almost impenetrable Southeast Asian(especially India) and Western music market?

Among all the K-pop bands BTS(Bangtan sonyeondan) became more famous all over the world. The younger generation in India especially girls seems interested in their vocals, dancing talent, how they dress up, etc. BTS won ‘The Top Social Artist’ Award twice at the Billboard Music Awards, right after they released a replacement album called ‘Love Yourself: Tear’, surprisingly India showed high voting rates statistically for the award. Since their legions of fans, known most easily as A.R.M.Y. (‘Adorable Representative M.C. for Youth’), propelled them to snatch Best Social Act from under the nose of Justin Bieber at the Billboard Awards in May.

The seven members of South Korean group BTS – rappers Rap Monster, J-Hope, and Suga; vocalists Jimin, Jin, Jungkook, and V – have been covered slavishly by publications from Vogue to Allure, Forbes to People, making them easily the foremost prominent Korean act within the west and cracked into the Billboard Top 10. With these achievements at hand, the Indian ‘A.R.M.Y’ is closely following the success of BTS and cheering them on.

The craze and love for BTS and K-pop are rising and rising among the Indian youth, the Korean Culture Centre of India located in New Delhi regularly houses such self-organized gatherings, to share their love for BTS. The Indian team from Mizoram won a prize at the K-Pop’s Changwon World Festival last year.

Indian fans of BTS in mid-2019 got #BTSTourInIndia trending on twitter in less than 20 minutes and it ended up being on the trending list for 24 hours. This was done to grab the attention of BTS’s management and letting them know of the rising popularity of BTS in India, several petitions were signed and but unfortunately, BTS hasn’t toured India yet but Indian A.R.M.Y is still hopeful that their beloved BTS boys will tour and perform in India soon.

Electric Fire Alarm

The Fire Alarm system is designed to alert us to an the emergency then that we can take action to protect like ourselves. Fire Alarm are found in the offices, Factories, and the public, building, They are to our everyday routine but are often overlook until is an a emergency at which point, they might just our lives.

Whatever the method are of the detection is, it the alarm is triggered, sounders will operate to warn people in the building that they are make be are fire and to evacuated. The fire alarm system may be also the incorporate a remote a single system which is could be then alert the fire brigade via a center station.

Fire detection system? In this article, we will have at a look the structure and the type of the” Fire Alarm system”. The brain is a fire detector system is the fire alarm control panel. It is the central hub all of the unit can be set up to simulate an alarm for use to be routine and fire evacuated drills, all the staff knows what was to take this event of a real fire.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF FIRE ALARM DETECTOR: At the core of a alarm system the device, from sophisticated smoke detectors to simple manually operate break glass unit. there are a wide array of different types, but we are divide them into include.

At core fire alarm system are the detection devices, from sophisticated intelligent smoke detectors to smile manually operate break glass units, as a wide array to different types, we can divide them into group include. Head Detectors. Smoke Detectors. Carbon Monoxide detectors. Multi- sensor detectors.

HOW TO FIRE ALARM SYSTEM WORK

Contemporary fire alarm system use automatic functions to detect the occurrence of that they may result in a fire. They receive a single from the fire sensor and automatically transmit it to fore the alarm panel.

In the wireless system, the detector to the control panel is with radio frequency. Heat detector usually have build in the sense of heat. Carbon monoxide detectors use integrated chemical, opto- chemical or biochemical cells to trace the gas. Smoke detector use photo electrical or ionization to detect smoke or combustion particles. Combination detector use a mechanisms.

The fire alarm panel activities the flashers the sonders, turns on sprinklers or makes a call to authorities to the occupants. If the alarm is adressable, the occurrence will be on the control panel.

Online learning – New guidelines from NCERT.

As the Covid -19 shutdown schools and colleges and disrupted learning ,Most of the schools and colleges shifted to online learning through digital education.But this sudden shift to online learning raised a number of concerns such as the issues of accessibility ,Health impact on students due to their prolonged exposure of screens of their computer and Laptops ,smartphones etc. Inorder to address this concern and establish a set of guidelines for digital education the ministry of Human resources has come out with Pragyata guidelines for digital education.This guidelines have been framed by NCERT for the schools and colleges.

But since education and learning falls under the domain of the state government ,they have been given the flexibility to customize the rules and built upon the guidelines prescribed by the NCERT based upon Local needs and demands. Accessing the digital resources requires two key resources communication device and high speed internet ,But every student may not have access to the resources thus creates unequal access to the technology and therefore inequality in education .This major concern has been pointed by the NCERT and MHRD ministry and has been covered under the pragyata guidelines.It recognizes that student with same class have different access to technology for example a few students have access to smart phones/computer along with 4G internet connections while a few students might have communication device but their access to internet is limited , some have access to TV/radio and dish cable and finally some don’t have any communication device and they might be completely cutoff from the internet .This unequal access is the result of their family economic status and their remote locations,But this factors should never be allowed to create inequality and hindrance in education.

The guidelines states that every school should conduct the survey to address the kind of digital infra accessed by its students and teachers and then decide upon the mode of teaching based on the survey. The guidelines presume that synchronous communication (face to face learning) is not the only mode of communication because in such case both the teacher and the student should have access to communication device with high speed internet.So the guidelines has recommended synchronous as well as the asynchronous mode of learning based upon the survey conducted. Asynchronous mode includes the availability of recorded videos for readily downloaded ,Radio shows and TV programs ,self learning activities carrying out creative projects .Such activities can be promoted by schools by sending messages via text based messages or whatsapp .So overall a mix of Synchronous learning and Asynchronous learning will help in reducing the impact of the unequal access to technology

Liverpool finally end their long wait for premier league glory

Liverpool has won the most amount of silverware in the entire premier league with that being said the last time they won the Premier League was 30 years ago. Jurgen Klopp’s team have managed to end that drought even before the season officially ended this is because mathematically Man City cannot catch up to them anymore because Liverpool have too big of a lead. The ex Dortmund manager Jurgen Klopp has been a blessing for Liverpool because he has managed to make a mediocre team great once again within 5 years of him being with the english club.

Liverpool’s German manager Jurgen Klopp looks on during the English Premier League football match between Aston Villa and Liverpool at Villa Park in Birmingham, central England on November 2, 2019.

The club had come very close last year to winning the premier league and because of that they had been very gutted. However, they took their revenge this year on the ex-champions Man city and they stole the trophy away from them. The captain, Virgil Van Dijk was incredibly proud of himself and the team “This journey from when I joined the club. I’m very proud to call myself a Premier League winner…”

RNA editing in Coleoids

A Cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class cephalopoda such as Octopus, Squid and Nautilus. These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles. Cephalopods, namely octopus, squid and cuttlefish form a subclass referred to as coleoids. The coleoids are invertebrates but may possess some of the most intelligent species among all of invertebrates.

Octopus vulgaris, widely referred to as the common octopus is one such organism. Apart from the fact that octopus has a complex nervous system and sophisticated behavior, arms capable of a wide range of movement, developed eyes, chemoreceptors located in epidermis, suckers, mouth, etc., the recent discovery of high level of RNA editing makes the organism more competent than its companions. This mechanism of RNA editing gives it a way to face environmental changes. It also turns out that this may cause them and their cephalopod brethren to evolve differently from any other organism on the planet. Their great adaptability can be linked to their ability to edit some of their genes, changing RNA that encodes proteins.

In most organisms, the genetic information is transmitted relatively faithfully from DNA to RNA, and on into proteins but studies have shown that octopus along with squids and cuttlefish deviate from this trend and use their own enzymes to edit their RNA, producing proteins that differ from those encoded by DNA.

In 2015, the researchers discovered that the common squid has edited more than 60% of RNA in its nervous system. This brought about a change in its brain physiology and is assumed to confer an ability to adapt to various temperature conditions in the ocean. In 2017, the same team returned with new findings that revealed that at least two species of octopus and one cuttlefish do the same thing. Joshua Rosenthal and his team’s work involved analysis of not only thousands of different squids but also of other molluscan organisms like gastropod slug and nautilus. But unlike the coleoids, the aforementioned didn’t give any hints of straying away from the conventional mechanism. This led to a conclusion that RNA editing couldn’t be generalized for the entire molluscan phylum and was rather limited tot he coleoid subclass. In exchange of this remarkable adaptation, these alien like creatures have given up the ability to evolve relatively quickly. These coleoids don’t evolve like other organisms and this may one day lead them to become useful for humans. During transcription in an animal cell, duplication of the A,T,C and G nucleotides into RNA strands of A,T,C and U takes place. After transcription, introns are spliced out and the remaining sequence is read in a designated fashion. But sometimes, a special sequence in the RNA lets it hook up with an enzyme that edits a single spot in the RNA, turning an A into an I, which the ribosome interprets as a G. It may seem like a minor change but it changes the entire function of a protein. An animal could use RNA editing to change how its proteins work if its environmental changes.

The natural selection seems to have favored RNA editing in coleoids even though it slows down the DNA-based evolution, the reason is wrapped in some double-stranded clover-leaves that form alongside editing sites in the RNA. That information is like a tag for RNA editing. According to Rosenthal studies, RNA editing provides a faster mechanism to try out slightly different protein shapes and sizes and functions. This provides a way for the genome to evolve more slowly than those of other organisms. Eisenberg lists other possible advantages of RNA editing rather than mutations in the DNA. Some of the important contents of the list include- (1)Editing could occur selectively at specific conditions. (2)Editing could be partial, with only a fraction of the reads edited, resulting in coexistence of both edited and non-edited forms of proteins.

In order to maintain flexibility of editing RNA, these coleoids have had to give up on the ability to evolve in their surrounding regions which may have been worth it for them. Rosenthal hypothesizes that development of a complex brain was worth the price of having to evolve slowly. Many of the edited proteins were found in the brain tissue, creating the elaborate dendrites and axons of the neurons turning the shape of the electrical signals that neurons pass. It may also be possible that RNA editing (means of creating a more sophisticated brain) allowed these species to use tools, camouflage themselves, and communicate.

Further objective of Rosenthal’s study is to develop ways of genetically manipulating cephalopods. If he succeeds, he could disable the enzymes responsible for RNA editing and then see what happens.

REFERENCES:

Liscovitch-Brauer N et al. Trade off between transcriptome plasticity and genome evolution in cehalopods. Cell (2017)

Albertin et al. (2012) Cephalopod genomics : A plan of strategy and organization

Doubleday Z A et al(2016) Global proliferation of cephalopods. Curr Biol.

Garrett s, Rosenthal JJC (2012) RNA editing underlies temperature adaptation in K(+) channels from polar octopus. Science

Caroline B Albertin et al. (2015). The octopus genome and the evolution of cephalopod neural and morphological novelties. Nature

Alon S., Eisenberg E. (2015). The majority of transcripts in the squid nervous system are extensively recorded by A- to I- RNA editing.

USA plans to withdraw visas for foreign students

Indian IT companies to be hit as US bans work visas till end of year | coronavirus outbreak News,The Indian Express

What is Visa

What is a American Visa? A citizen of a foreign country who seeks to enter the United States generally must first obtain a U.S. visa, which is placed in the traveler’s passport, a travel document issued by the traveler’s country of citizenship.

USA the 3rd most populated country with the largest economy has always been the educational hub for the students all over the world. The USA has the 2nd largest higher education in the world and hence has world’s largest international student population. Students prefer to study in USA because the country has some of the top universities in the world which provides ample of career opportunities. But unfortunately this year the international students in the USA might face problems and might be forced to leave the country.

Corona virus pandemic has already affected many countries by killing more than 5 lac people and USA being the country with highest number of deaths. Apart from this it has also affected the economy of the country. For the first time the economy of the United States has gone into recession since global financial crises of 2008-09. Due to the slowdown in economy the country has lost 20.6 million jobs since mid march. So during this pandemic USA has temporarily banned several visa holders to preserve the interest of Americans.

One such visa is F-1 VISA, it is a type of visa that allows a person to enter the United States as a full time student to attend an academic program or English language program at a US college or University. F-1 visas are not designed as work visas so it does not permit students to work in the United States. But students are allowed to work on campus up to 20 hours per week during regular semesters.

Since USA is planning to withdraw F-1 visas students holding this visa or who were planning to apply for this visa will be affected by this move. This withdrawal can only take place when all the classes goes online. This move will force international or F-1 visa holders to leave the country. But that doesn’t mean they have to leave their courses, they can continue their course through online classes from their home countries . But in case if the university starts offering hybrid method of teaching which is a combination of both offline and online classes , then students can stay back in the country and continue their studies. Students who are not interested to leave the country can also transfer their course to another university that offers both online and offline classes.

This move will also impact around 2 lac Indian students who are are currently pursuing higher education in the USA. India and USA has different time zones which will create problem for Indian students to cope up with the USA time for online classes, also access to consistent internet connectivity is another problem for students . Students are now in a state of confusion as the rules are not well defined as nobody knows for how long F-1 visas are banned and for how long they will have to stay away from the USA.

Also if student fails to return back to their home countries then they might face future bans, on entry into the USA. Though India has raised this issue to US , The country decided to consider the issue by maintaining the best interest of the students.

Apart from F-1 visa many other visas are banned by the Trump administration. Such as H-1B visas for workers in specialty occupations , H-4 visas for spouses , l-1 visas for intra company transfers and H-2B visas for temporary non agricultural workers.

Branding – A Powerful Strategy

shakesphere once said “what’s there in a name” , well this famous saying is not applicable in the case of marketing. In the world of marketing a name which i mean as brand is often used to increase sales , attract and retain customers. So basically in simple words, brand is an identity or a recognition of a product or a service. A brand can be a logo, a picture, or even just a word which distinguishes itself from other competitors. Hence this practice of creating a name or an image for a product or service is known as branding.

Companies and marketers are well aware of the power of branding, which is why they always end up in brand awareness. They know that in order to capture the mind of their target customers all they need to do is just advertise their brands instead of their products. But not every company focuses on their branding awareness some newly developed company can not depend upon their brand name just to increase their sales. But yes such small companies can simultaneously aware about their product and their new brand which can be useful for the companies to slowly improve their brand image.

More or less we somehow know why branding is important, because most of us while buying our daily essentials, we prefer to choose the brand, which we are well aware of . We might not be aware of the ingredients of a particular brand but if we know the brand then we do not think of anything else , and that’s the power of branding. hence, a powerful brand creates trust in the mind of it’s customers and within the market place.

So basically branding is a strategy which generates new customers and increases the value of the product. Let’s understand this in a very easy manner. Tell me what comes to your mind when you think of noodles ? ………Is it maggie ? , now think of a toothpaste ?…. Is it colgate ? okay last one , if you are asked to buy a branded notebook which notebook will you buy ? ….. wait, is it classmate ? I am sure most your answers were same as mine, probably we would have given the same answers in our subconscious state too, and that’s the power of these brands.

So far we came to know about the power of branding, but as there are two side of a coin, this strategy too has some disadvantages. A brand can also be the reason for the decline in the growth of a product. Let’s understand this with an example. Suppose their is company called ‘XYZ’ , this company’s name itself is a brand and it has got different product lines like XYZ-soaps , XYZ-drinks , XYZ- cosmetics. Some researchers found that this company is using harsh chemicals in it’s cosmetics but their other two product line has no flaws. But since their is a flaw in one of it’s product line people will start assuming that this brand uses harsh chemicals in all of it’s products and hence will stop buying the product which will eventually affect the company’s financial position.

That’s how simple is the concept of branding. As long as there will be competition in the market, companies will try hard to keep permanent impression of their product in their customer’s mind by improving their branding strategies.

What Bollywood has taught us?

When one hears of Bollywood, they think it’s all about dance, music, romance, comedy, and drama. But Bollywood has more to offer. Whatever we learn comes from the movies we watch. In today’s time, it triggers the minds of Indian youth. It allows them to set a thought process. Films are not just a source of entertainment anymore. Below is a list of few movies that give us real-life lessons.

– Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara: This movie taught us to push yourself out of the comfort zone and face your fears. It makes you want to pause and thank your life realizing how good it is despite all the hardships. It shows you how to appreciate true friends.

– Ye Jawani hai Deewani: Bunny teaches Naina that she is good just the way she is. There is no need to change herself just to fit in. We must have met a people pleaser like this at some point in our life or even we are at times. Maybe we should also embrace ourselves and live life unapologetically. Naina teaches us- no matter where we go in our lives, we will always miss out on something. So appreciate where you are at a point in time.

– Baar Baar Dekho: This movie has taught us to live in the present moment and appreciate the people we have in our lives. We can never get the time back, so we should always spend it wisely. In the age of gadgets, it’s a great wake-up call to disconnect from the phone every once in a while and experience life fully.

– Kal ho Na ho: As the title says “Kal ho na ho” meaning ‘There may or may not be a tomorrow,’ totally defines what the movie is all about. Aman teaches Naina to open up and be vulnerable, which allows her to express her emotions which she repressed for so long. Sometimes we need that confidence from someone, that yes we too can share our feelings. The biggest lesson to take away from this movie is to remember that every day we are alive is a gift. Life should never be taken for granted.

– Dangal: This movie is a must-watch! It shows two women breaking stereotypes and gender roles in the best possible way. It teaches us not to be full of ourselves when we become successful. It shows women can do anything that men can do.

Apart from these, many other Bollywood movies have meaningful lessons for us. So sit back, relax, and binge-watch a few Bollywood movies. I am sure you won’t regret it.

Reliance Jio, Google announce new Android-based operating system

Reliance Industries Chairman, Mukesh Ambani announced that the new operating system is aimed at developing new affordable smartphones

Google and Jio and coming together to launch a new Android-based operating system which will be used to build affordable smartphones.

Reliance Industries Chairman, Mukesh Ambani announced that the new operating system is aimed at developing new smartphones that will be accessible to massive Indian population that still uses 2G. The chairman claimed the Jio plans to make India ‘2G mukt’ by using this new operating system.

Jio Platforms and Google have entered into the commercial agreement to jointly develop an entry level affordable smartphone with optimizations to the Android operating system and the Play Store.

The company claims they will rethink the enitre process from the ground up. The new initiative aims at making majority people in India owners of smartphones.

Mr. Mukesh Ambani, Chairman and Managing Director of Reliance Industries, said, “Google has empowered millions of Indians to access helpful information and, like Jio, is a force for change and innovation. We welcome Google onboard and are excited about our partnership for what it can deliver to Indians, from universalising Internet usage to deepening the new digital economy and providing a prime mover to India’s economic growth. Together, we hope to play a strong facilitative role in the transformative journey of building a new, Digital India.”

Google CEO Sundar Pichai also spoke at the Reliance AGM, confirming the tech company’s strategic partnership in India with Jio Platforms.

Mr. Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google and Alphabet, said, “Reliance Industries, and Jio Platforms in particular, deserve a good deal of credit for India’s digital transformation. The pace and scale of digital transformation in India is hugely inspiring for us and reinforces our view that building products for India first helps us build better products for users everywhere. Google is proud to invest ₹ 33,737 crore into Jio. I am excited that our joint collaboration will focus on increasing access for hundreds of millions of Indians who don’t currently own a smartphone while improving the mobile experience for all.”

Women Empowerment

Women empowerment refers to making women powerful to make them capable of deciding for themselves. Women have suffered a lot through the years at the hands of men. In earlier centuries, they were treated as almost non-existent. As if all the rights belonged to men even something as basic as voting. As the times evolved, women realized their power. There on began the revolution for women empowerment. As women were not allowed to make decisions for them, women empowerment came in like a breath of fresh air. It made them aware of their rights and how they must make their own place in society rather than depending on a man. It recognized the fact that things cannot simply work in someone’s favor because of their gender. However, we still have a long way to go when we talk about the reasons why we need it.

Almost every country, no matter how progressive has a history of ill-treating women. In other words, women from all over the world have been rebellious to reach the status they have today. While the western countries are still making progress, third world countries like India still lack behind in Women Empowerment.

In India, women empowerment is needed more than ever. India is amongst the countries which are not safe for women. There are various reasons for this. Firstly, women in India are in danger of honor killings. Their family thinks its right to take their lives if they bring shame to the reputation of their legacy.

the education and freedom scenario is very regressive here. Women are not allowed to pursue higher education, they are married off early. The men are still dominating women in some regions like it’s the woman’s duty to work for him endlessly. They do not let them go out or have freedom of any kind.

In addition, domestic violence is a major problem in India. The men beat up their wife and abuse them as they think women are their property. More so, because women are afraid to speak up. Similarly, the women who do actually work get paid less than their male counterparts. It is downright unfair and sexist to pay someone less for the same work because of their gender. Thus, we see how women empowerment is the need of the hour. We need to empower these women to speak up for themselves and never be a victim of injustice.

There are various ways in how one can empower women. The individuals and government must both come together to make it happen. Education for girls must be made compulsory so that women can become illiterate to make a life for themselves.

Women must be given equal opportunities in every field, irrespective of gender. Moreover, they must also be given equal pay. We can empower women by abolishing child marriage. Various programs must be held where they can be taught skills to fend for themselves in case they face financial crisis.

Most importantly, the shame of divorce and abuse must be thrown out of the window. Many women stay in abusive relationships because of the fear of society. Parents must teach their daughters it is okay to come home divorced rather than in a coffin.

Safe-guarding hubs

MASH stands for multi-agency safeguarding hub, which aspires to provide safety and security to the more vulnerable children and young people. They bring professional health care support, social services, police, local authorities to meet their objectives. Different agencies under MASH come together to design a collective approach and this collective approach is dispatched to all in a clear and concise manner so that every individual can resonate with the ultimate goal.

According to the London safeguarding children board, following agencies should be involved in MASH: Children’s social care, Health, Police, Education, Probation, Housing and Youth offending service.

Core features of multi-agency safeguarding hub:

1.Working together approach: It is an agreement between all the agencies involved that nothing can be achieved if only one agency or authority works towards their respective aims. They manifest this working together approach so that everyone learns to take responsibility on their parts to get the work done sincerely.

2.More accurate assessment of risks and needs: The working together approach has improved the ability to gather sources form wide areas. These sources have been clubbed together to give a better output. Since the data contains in-detail information, it becomes easier to paint a bigger picture of the case, the circumstances and the consequences.

3.Better management of cases: Multi-agency hubs are expected to keep a better track record of the cases and ensures that no case is missed or lost in the system. Multiple agencies going through the same data removes the chances of discrepancies.

4.Professional support: Professionals from diverse sectors have a better understanding of the situation and raises the standard of efficiency.

5.More confidence in the system: People generally tend to be a bit apprehensive towards authorities, but multiagency hubs have been able to build a strong foundation and confidence due to the team of professionals they hire.

6.Good leadership and clear governance: Responsibility for the actions is shared by the managers of all the different agencies, which creates a better understanding, induces work ethics and also lead to better team work.

7.Facilitates early intervention: Multiple teams working together can determine the risks involved considerably quicker and also brainstorm to resolve them.

Practitioners often struggle to develop trusting relationships in order to form the bigger picture of needs of vulnerable family but this can be overcome following proper procedures. The eventual aim of the MASH initiative is to develop a process that enables partners to effectively and securely share information to safeguard both children and young people. Safeguarding process in the multi-agency arena is a complex matter, and it is considered that unnecessary risks will be introduced if it is extended too quickly into adult safeguarding. However, once the merits of establishing MASH are proven, they can and should extend their services to adults as well.

How to build a startup?

Already building a startup was not an easy task, COVID-19 has made the situation even more difficult. But not to worry, here are a few steps one can look up to launch the startup in 2020.

Develop an idea: This was expected isn’t it? Without an idea, there can be no startup. The development of an idea is the most laborious task. For an effective startup, many things are needed to be taken into account like the vision of the startup, needs of people. Check for the problem area that people are facing, that’s the place from where the best ideas generate. The main criteria for a successful idea are trustworthiness, durability, and sustainability.

Explore the market: Understand the market, do thorough research, that is the key to success. Half knowledge is dangerous, if you don’t know particular features of the business you chose, all efforts will go in vain. Make sure to stay within the area you’re familiar with. Don’t start anything that you don’t have an idea about. Figure out the consumer’s needs.

Be fast: React fast to the changing market needs. This is crucial for a successful startup. All great businessmen have done so, whether it is Mark Zuckerberg, Marc Andreessen, or Thoman Gensemer.

Always be determined: Never lose hope! Be determined and always have a willingness to continue until your startup becomes profitable. Cope with the challenges and difficulties that come your way creatively.

Be creative: Don’t be scared to go beyond the usually accepted business schemes. It’s your startup and you can mold it in whatever way you want.

Decide about the team: For the start, the number of people in the team should not be big. Find these three kinds of people: one who knows how to build technological systems to solve problems; one who understands the human factors hid by problems and can solve them; and one who knows how to reach people whose problems are to be solved.

Even if your first try of creating a successful startup fails, don’t be disappointed. It’s not necessary is that it will be rewarding always. Keep trying, don’t give up the difficulties.

Who is an Early-Career Researcher?

By: Shashikant Nishant Sharma

An early-career researcher typically refers to an individual who is in the early stages of their research career, often shortly after completing their doctoral studies or obtaining their terminal degree. This phase of a researcher’s career is characterized by a focus on building expertise, establishing an independent research agenda, and gaining recognition within their field. The term may be used somewhat differently in various academic and research contexts, but generally, an early-career researcher is someone who is in the early years of their professional research journey.

Key characteristics of early-career researchers include:

Ph.D. or Terminal Degree:
- Early-career researchers typically hold a Ph.D. or other terminal degree relevant to their field of study.
Limited Research Experience:
- They are in the early stages of their research career and may have limited post-doctoral or professional research experience.
Establishing Independence:
- Early-career researchers are often in the process of establishing their independence as scholars. They may transition from being part of a research team to leading their own projects.
Building a Research Agenda:
- They are actively working on defining and building their own research agenda, which includes identifying research questions, securing funding, and conducting original investigations.
Securing Funding:
- Early-career researchers may be in the process of applying for and securing research grants or funding to support their projects.
Publishing Research:
- Publishing in peer-reviewed journals is a significant aspect of an early-career researcher’s work, as it helps disseminate their findings and establish their reputation within the academic community.
Networking and Collaboration:
- Building professional networks and collaborations is crucial for early-career researchers. Collaborating with established researchers can provide mentorship and opportunities for growth.
Navigating Career Pathways:
- Early-career researchers are often exploring different career pathways within academia or related research fields. This may involve balancing teaching, research, and administrative responsibilities.
Career Development:
- They are engaged in ongoing professional development, attending conferences, workshops, and other events to stay current in their field and enhance their skills.

Early-career researchers play a vital role in advancing knowledge within their disciplines, and they contribute fresh perspectives and ideas to the academic community. Institutions and funding agencies often provide support and resources specifically targeted at early-career researchers to help them navigate the early stages of their research careers.

References

Dehalwar, K., & Sharma, S. N. (2023). Fundamentals of Research Writing and Uses of Research Methodologies. Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd.

Sharma, S. N. (2023a, October 7). Understanding citations: A crucial element of academic writing. Track2Training. https://track2training.com/2023/10/07/understanding-citations-a-crucial-element-of-academic-writing/

Sharma, S. N. (2023b, October 15). Leveraging GIS for enhanced planning education. Track2Training. https://track2training.com/2023/10/15/leveraging-gis-for-enhanced-planning-education/

Sharma, S. N. (2023c, November 15). How to embark collaborative journey of action research. Track2Training. https://track2training.com/2023/11/15/how-to-embark-collaborative-journey-of-action-research/

Sharma, S. N., & Dehalwar, K. (2023, November 13). Guidelines for writing a good term paper. Track2Training. https://track2training.com/2023/11/13/guidelines-for-writing-a-good-term-paper/

Outcome based Education

Outcome based education (OBE) is student-centered instruction model that focuses on measuring student performance through outcomes. Outcomes include knowledge, skills and attitudes. Its focus remains on evaluation of outcomes of the program by stating the knowledge, skill and behavior a graduate is expected to attain upon completion of a program and after 4 – 5 years of graduation. In the OBE model, the required knowledge and skill sets for a particular engineering degree is predetermined and the students are evaluated for all the required parameters (Outcomes) during the course of the program.

The induction of India in the Washington Accord in 2014 with the permanent signatory status of The National Board of Accreditation (NBA) is considered a big leap forward for the higher-eduction system in India. It means that an Engineering graduate from India can be employed in any one of the other countries who have signed the accord. For Indian Engineering Institutions to get accredited by NBA according to the pacts of the accord, it is compulsory that engineering institutions follow the Outcome Based Education (OBE) model. So, for an Engineering Institution to be accredited by NBA it should compulsorily follow the OBE model.

The method of assessment of the candidates during the program is left for the institution to decide. The various assessment tools for measuring Course Outcomes include Mid -Semester and End Semester Examinations, Tutorials, Assignments, Project work, Labs, Presentations, Employer/Alumni Feedback etc,. These course outcomes are mapped to Graduate attributes and Program outcomes based on relevance. This evaluation pattern helps Institutions to measure the Program Outcome. The Program Educational Objective is measure through Employer satisfaction survey (Yearly), Alumni survey (Yearly), Placement records and higher education records.

The adoption of OBE at engineering institutions is considered to be a great step forward for higher education in India but the actual success lies in the effective adoption and stringent accreditation process to ensure the quality of education is maintained.

Benefits of OBE

Clarity

The focus on outcomes creates a clear expectation of what needs to be accomplished by the end of the course. Students will understand what is expected of them and teachers will know what they need to teach during the course. Clarity is important over years of schooling and when team teaching is involved. Each team member, or year in school, will have a clear understanding of what needs to be accomplished in each class, or at each level, allowing students to progress. Those designing and planning the curriculum are expected to work backwards once an outcome has been decided upon; they must determine what knowledge and skills will be required to reach the outcome.

Flexibility

With a clear sense of what needs to be accomplished, instructors will be able to structure their lessons around the student’s needs. OBE does not specify a specific method of instruction, leaving instructors free to teach their students using any method. Instructors will also be able to recognise diversity among students by using various teaching and assessment techniques during their class. OBE is meant to be a student-centered learning model. Teachers are meant to guide and help the students understand the material in any way necessary, study guides, and group work are some of the methods instructors can use to facilitate students learning.

Comparison

OBE can be compared across different institutions. On an individual level, institutions can look at what outcomes a student has achieved to decide what level the student would be at within a new institution. On an institutional level, institutions can compare themselves, by checking to see what outcomes they have in common, and find places where they may need improvement, based on the achievement of outcomes at other institutions. The ability to compare easily across institutions allows students to move between institutions with relative ease. The institutions can compare outcomes to determine what credits to award the student. The clearly articulated outcomes should allow institutions to assess the student’s achievements rapidly, leading to increased movement of students. These outcomes also work for school to work transitions. A potential employer can look at records of the potential employee to determine what outcomes they have achieved. They can then determine if the potential employee has the skills necessary for the job.

Involvement

Student involvement in the classroom is a key part of OBE. Students are expected to do their own learning, so that they gain a full understanding of the material. Increased student involvement allows students to feel responsible for their own learning, and they should learn more through this individual learning. Other aspects of involvement are parental and community, through developing curriculum, or making changes to it. OBE outcomes are meant to be decided upon within a school system, or at a local level. Parents and community members are asked to give input in order to uphold the standards of education within a community and to ensure that students will be prepared for life after school.

Drawbacks of OBE

Definition

The definitions of the outcomes decided upon are subject to interpretation by those implementing them. Across different programs or even different instructors outcomes could be interpreted differently, leading to a difference in education, even though the same outcomes were said to be achieved. By outlining specific outcomes, a holistic approach to learning is lost. Learning can find itself reduced to something that is specific, measurable, and observable. As a result, outcomes are not yet widely recognized as a valid way of conceptualizing what learning is about.

Assessment problems

When determining if an outcome has been achieved, assessments may become too mechanical, looking only to see if the student has acquired the knowledge. The ability to use and apply the knowledge in different ways may not be the focus of the assessment. The focus on determining if the outcome has been achieved leads to a loss of understanding and learning for students, who may never be shown how to use the knowledge they have gained. Instructors are faced with a challenge: they must learn to manage an environment that can become fundamentally different from what they are accustomed to. In regards to giving assessments, they must be willing to put in the time required to create a valid, reliable assessment that ideally would allow students to demonstrate their understanding of the information, while remaining objective.

Generality

Education outcomes can lead to a constrained nature of teaching and assessment. Assessing liberal outcomes such as creativity, respect for self and others, responsibility, and self-sufficiency, can become problematic. There is not a measurable, observable, or specific way to determine if a student has achieved these outcomes. Due to the nature of specific outcomes, OBE may actually work against its ideals of serving and creating individuals that have achieved many outcomes.

Involvement

Parental involvement, as discussed in the benefits section can also be a drawback, if parents and community members are not willing to express their opinions on the quality of the education system, the system may not see a need for improvement, and not change to meet student’s needs. Parents may also become too involved, requesting too many changes, so that important improvements get lost with other changes that are being suggested. Instructors will also find that their work is increased; they must work to first understand the outcome, then build a curriculum around each outcome they are required to meet. Instructors have found that implementing multiple outcomes is difficult to do equally, especially in primary school. Instructors will also find their work load increased if they chose to use an assessment method that evaluates students holistically.

Why read ‘Predictably Irrational’?

Why there will never be a cure for irrationality

In this meticulously researched work from acclaimed Professor Dan Ariely, the author dives into the chasm of human psyche and carefully articulates even the most trivial archetypal decisions that we consciously and unconsciously make in our lives. The book starts off with the author describing a personal tragedy where an explosion left 70 percent of his body with third degree burns that left him immobilized. The victim was then subjected to an excruciating three-year period of hospitalisation and excessive dependency on nurses. The trivial yet significant observation of the methods that were used to remove burn bandages in a way that minimises the amount of misery inflicted upon the victims, led the author to further his research on psychology and behavioural economics.

In each chapter, the author describes the general decision making rigamarole that our psyche seems to follow and then he backs these claims with ground-breaking experiments and logic. The first part of the book concentrates on how we have a comparison bias while we evaluate, judge or make decisions. As an ambitious college student- I, unfortunately, can relate to this. An 8.5 CGPA seems trivial if it’s surrounded by a dozen 9 CGPA’s. This phenomenon of viewing things relatively has been analysed and understood by the market forces. Salesmen and prominent websites prey on this psychological bias to make profits.

I have always wondered how economists arrive at accurate supply and demand statistics and about the factors that should be taken into consideration. The author does a marvellous job in explaining how psychological factors play a major role in the economic decisions made by us and why apart from external factors (price, income etc), psychological factors should be also taken into consideration while predicting market fluctuations or any data of that sort. One of the most interesting and shocking part of the book was the “cost of zero cost” experiment. Apparently, people would rather receive a 10$ gift card for free than paying 7$ for a 20$ gift card. The author personally conducts this experiment at a mall in Boston. The explanation for this irrational phenomenon is conveyed coherently.

The author then shifts focus to some intricate and personal areas of decision making. He addresses questions such as “Why we can’t we make ourselves do what we want to do?” and “why we overvalue what we have?” and then presents the observations of his experiments.

Throughout the book, the reader is asked perplexing questions about various decisions they make which forces them to scratch their heads, following which the rational and irrational answers (observations) are conveyed in a sound and profound manner. I felt that one of the most interesting and perspective-changing parts of the book was when the author accentuates the effects of cost on the psychological and physiological forces of our body. The knowledge of the cost of a commodity shapes our psychological perception towards it- which results in a manipulative physiological response. The author elegantly unravels the reason why a 50-Cent Aspirin can do what a penny’s worth of Aspirin can’t in an experiment he conducts.

In the last part of the book, the author attempts to undertake the courageous journey of deciphering the context of the human character. He tries to analyse the human quality of honesty- What is honesty? Why are people dishonest? What can we do about it? – These are some of the questions he attempts to address. The relevance of these questions and its importance is underestimated in the financial sector. 600 Billion dollars’ worth of thefts and frauds are committed every year in various organisations, claims the author. Furthermore, the reader is clued in about the ever interesting and mind-boggling realm of behavioural economics- The hidden forces that shape our decisions are acutely outlined.

Overall the book is an amalgamation of rigorous research, profound wisdom, intricate questions, ground-breaking experiments, astounding observations and a tinge of humour as only Professor Ariely can provide. It is a must read for anyone who is interested in human psychology and behavioural sciences.

Benefits of Learning Multiple Languages

Language being the primary means of human communication has become increasingly important with the advent of globalization. With more mobility between continents and cultures, effective communication is crucial for better understanding and for working together. Being able to speak the same language or being able to understand another’s language is a great asset here. Indians by virtue of living in a land of multiple languages and dialects will have some experience of hearing and maybe even learning another language. Our educational system usually insists on learning a minimum of two, and most often three languages. However, learning languages of other countries are also on the rise as well.

boy in yellow crew neck t shirt and gray pants sitting on carpet — Photo by Julia M Cameron on Pexels.com

There are various benefits to learning other languages. Some of them are given below:

Learning another language betters our faculties of cognition. When we acquaint ourselves with a new system of signs and meanings, our brain gets better at processing information and solving problems. It is proven to enhance our memory power as well. Other benefits include becoming better listeners, ability to grasp ideas well, and ability to multi-task to mention a few. It sharpens our minds and even increases our capacity for concentration.
All the above-mentioned benefits contribute to making the person better at academics and other cognition-oriented activities. The ability to be more focused and more attentive to nuances and meanings will enhance our comprehension. Their performance will be influenced by this skill which can lead them to score better in exams and competitive tests.
It allows us to engage better with other cultures and their histories. Language is reflective of a culture’s ideals and tenets. It is the means through which we express our sense of identity and belonging. Many cultures have words in their languages that cannot be translated into other languages simply because the word does not exist in another language. It also makes us better understand and appreciate their arts as well as their ways of living.
It is a good career option and enhances our networks which thereby increases our opportunities. Being multilingual is a good skill to have on a resume or CV since it implies an individual who is good at learning and used to switching between tasks. But it can even be a career option and a rewarding one at that. Many choose to learn foreign languages now and go on to work in multi-national corporations that have global presences. They work as translators and interpreters in multiple instances, becoming an irreplaceable part of the global market and trade. It is also a sought-after skill for positions in the government and for global platforms like the United Nations.

Proficiency in other languages allows us to engage with other contexts and spaces in ways that are productive and more meaningful. Now that we have technology and access to almost anything over the internet, it is not too difficult to learn new languages. Websites like Babbel and Duolingo, as well as lessons on YouTube, are very popular among learners. It is one of the most important skills that we can have in this age when the whole world is more interdependent than ever before. So go on, have some fun, and find yourself a language to learn!

What COVID-19 has taught us?

We used to watch the news and feel bad for people in China regarding COVID-19, little did we know that in a month it will hit us. Things changed drastically. The way we used to interact with people, work, shop, eat, or travel outside; it all underwent a major transformation. Due to this, we have realized what needs to be valued that we took for granted earlier.

We can no longer exploit nature ruthlessly. Oceans are other water bodies that have cleaned up. There has been a return of wildlife as seen by the residents. The quality of air has improved. The ozone layer which depleting rapidly has started repairing itself. We can easily save our environment just like we during the lockdown. Only we need to be cognizant of this important factor once we completely resume our lives.

Now we have started valuing our loved ones more. Not able to interact like we used to, no meetings, no parties, no concerts; all of it was a part of our mundane lives has become so important in the last few months. We still don’t know when we will be able to socialize like earlier. Hopefully, we don’t take this for granted once we are back at it again.

We realized how fragile the economy is. There immense employees lay-off, salary cuts, migrant laborers were thrown out of factories or other workplaces leaving them without money. This crisis made us realize one should save enough that if anything like this happens again, one can tackle them with little ease.

We realized how important water it, and lack of it can be troublesome. As asked by the Government to wash our hands 20 seconds at a time has revealed the weak water infrastructure. This simple act has wasted a lot of water during this time. Not just this, there were millions of people who still don’t have access to water facilities in the country. They don’t receive clean water to wash their hands in the middle of the pandemic. The bells are loud and clear. Immediate action needs to be taken. Also, people should educate themselves about water conservation and try adopting it.

It has taught us about the importance of preparation- Preparation of everything! Whether it is money, food, healthcare anything.

At last, the virus has taught us how to be patient and the benefits of silence and solitude. We could look into ourselves and explore our consciousness. Otherwise, our busy lives would never have given us this chance. We were so involved in superficial activities and never got time for ourselves. Now that we have this opportunity, use it to the fullest. This will not only uplift each individual but society at large.

Job Analysis

Job Analysis is the heart of the entire human resource practice. It forms the basis for other Human Resource activity. It plays a very important role in every organisation. Before moving further we should know that what is job analysis? Job Analysis refers to the process of collecting detailed information pertaining to a job. It is the process through which we determine the duties, responsibility and nature of the job. Job Analysis helps us to finally decide educational qualifications, skills and knowledge that an organisation requires in an employee to perform a particular job. Job Analysis also provides the basis for determining what types of information should be obtained from the applicant, from previous employers and from other sources. It also helps in finding which kind of person should be hired for a particular position. It is a process of studying, collecting and analysing information or data related to a job. Job Analysis comprises of Job Description and Job Specification and these are utilised in recruitment and selection, compensation, performance appraisal and training. Job Analysis mainly includes reviewing job responsibilities, doing research, analysing duties, task and responsibilities and reaching the most important outcome. The main feature of Job Analysis is that it is a systematic way of gathering and analysing information about a job as we know that it is the most basic building block of Human Resource Management. Job Analysis is linked to all human resource activities like recruitment and selection, compensation, training and performance appraisal. Job Analysis plays a key role in employee or labour relation issue. It also helps in re-designing of jobs. There are many purpose and uses of Job Analysis they are –

Recruitment and Selection – Job Analysis is used to find out how and when to hire people, it also helps in determining what kind of person is required for a particular job position. It helps in pointing out the educational qualifications, experience and skills required for the position. The main objective is to hire a right person at a right position.
Placement and Orientation – After selecting people, we have to place them at a right place according to their knowledge, skills and abilities. And after that we have to teach our new employees that how to handle a job and for that we have to clearly define the job which is possible only through effective job orientation.
Training – After we have placed and oriented our new employees we have to see that, is there any confusion about the job and if it is there we have to provide them a proper training. Whether they require additional training or not is determined and identified through a job analysis.
Employee Safety – A detailed and systematic job analysis reveals unsafe and hazardous condition if any associated with the job. This helps in building a good image in front of applicants regarding the organisation. This helps in rectifying things easily.
Job Evaluation – Job Analysis helps in finding the worth of the job. This also helps in assisting in designing proper wage policies.
Labour Relation – Job Analysis helps in improving the labour-management relation. It can also be used to resolve disputes and grievances between employee and management relating to work load, wages, etc.
Discipline – Job Analysis helps in studying the reason behind the failure of the workers to meet the required standard of performance and to take corrective measures in correct time. In this way, it helps in maintaining discipline in the organisation.

Last But Not the Least

Job Analysis is an important function of Human Resource Management. It helps in increasing the productivity of employee as well as the organisation.

8 Traits Of Mentally Strong People

When we see someone who is always happy we think “Wow, he/she is a mentally strong person.” Or when we come across a person who always looks consistently calm we think “Yeah, she/he can control his emotions which means they are mentally strong.”

But these are not the traits on the basis of which we can understand who is truly mentally strong. There are a number of small things that give away a person who is truly mentally strong. Let’s look at these traits now.

1. Acknowledge all emotions (including negative). This means that people who are actually mentally strong, allow themselves to feel all emotions without controlling them. This is because they somewhere in their mind know that bottling up their emotions is only going to harm them in future. If they are sad, they will look sad. If they are ecstatic, they will look ecstatic. If they are confused, they will show that they are confused.

2. Don’t live in the past. They like to live in the present and get ready for there future. Yes, they might have regrets. But they don’t dwell in their past mistakes or critical moments. In fact, they learn from their past and think, “Yes, I was like this. Yes, I did this. It was wrong.” As they say this, they also look into ways through which they can change that particular behavior that cause them the regret.

3. Not easily influenced by others. They stand by their morals in a way, that it becomes sufficient anyone to influence them. A simple example can be peer pressure. For example, a girl knows and believes that smoking and drinking is bad for health. When she enters college her friends might pressurize her into trying to smoke or drink. Now if she is mentally strong she will stand by her morals by saying ‘no’ to them. Not only will she say ‘no’, she will also try to make her friends quit.

3. Don’t let others overstep their boundaries. Mentally strong people are always aware of their boundaries. It maybe social, personal or professional. They set their own boundaries. It is a good thing for their well being. They know where the line is and make sure they don’t cross it. Neither do they allow others to cross it. Setting boundaries doesn’t make them dismissive or cold. By setting up boundaries they actually form healthier relationships. This in a way makes them more caring and supportive. As they know their boundaries, they don’t overstep them and as a result don’t feel emotionally drained.

5. Not rigid with their own perspective. We know that mentally strong people have a strong sense of self. But it doesn’t mean that they are not open to new perspective. They even re-evaluate their perspective from time to time just to make sure they are not on the wrong path. And if they think that they are, they are always ready to accept new ideas and beliefs which they feel can help them grow. They like to listen other people’s perspective as they know that this helps them grow.

6. Don’t blame others for their mistakes. When they know that they are in the wrong, they don’t shy away from accepting them. They don’t blame others for their mistakes. By doing this, they acknowledge that they were in the wrong and show their willingness to correct their mistake in any way possible. They also don’t blame themselves for self pity. They know that they are mentally strong and don’t desire anyone to be sympathetic towards them. They don’t like special treatment by indirectly asking for pity from others.

7. They are not perfectionists. They don’t stick to doing a particular thing until it’s perfect. They like a little space for improvement in whatever they are doing. They view failures in a healthy way and continuously work on themselves to correct their mistakes. They don’t want to be perfect. They want to be the ‘better version’ of themselves everyday. This, again shows that they wake up every morning with the thought of bettering themselves at something instead of becoming perfect.

8. Not scared of being in their own company. Many people don’t like to stay alone with their thoughts because they are afraid of their mind bringing up stuff from the past and ultimately leading them to overthink. Mentally strong people not only not dread their own company but they also even enjoy it. They view this time period as a way to self reflect. They have honest conversations with themselves and develop good habits. In this time, they read books that make them feel good and motivated. They pick up a hobby and stay positive. In short, they embrace themselves and are not scared of being alone.

Are there any such traits that match with yours? If yes, you are a step ahead of becoming mentally strong! If you feel like you can’t relate to these traits at all, although you have a long way to go, you are going to achieve this state of mind if you truly believe that you can! Mention in the comments section what was your ‘oh! This is me!’ moment!

Freedom of Press In India

Freedom of Press is when one is free to express their thoughts and opinions through the medium of press. Press is a set of news industries which deliver information about what’s happening in the world in the from of news to the general or targeted public. In India there has not been any specific legislation about the freedom of press, it has been enshrines under the article 19(1)(a) in the Indian Constitution which is the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression. It is a way where the government is promoting the public to know what the elected representatives are doing for the well being of the society, anyway it is meant to serve a wider purpose than that. The freedom of press also indirectly promotes the right to information. The press in general is a very strong way to deliver the news, as it plays a major role in shaping the society, hence the freedom of press is of vital importance. Therefore, the 16th of November is celebrated as the National Press Day as symbol of free and responsible press in India

The freedom of press in India has evolved with a series of cases, it took a lot of efforts to achieve the current state of freedom. In the cases of Brij bhushan V. State of Delhi and Romesh Thappar V. State of Madras, it has been stated that the Freedom of Speech and Expression does give the freedom of press ,however there have been reasonable restrictions put on this which has been clearly stated in the article 19(2) , which states that freedom of speech and expression can be invoked if the information is affecting the sovereignty and integrity of the State, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign countries, public order, decency and morality, contempt of court, defamation, incitement to an offence. Sedition is also considered a crime, with a maximum sentence of life imprisonment. When information is published which brings hatred towards the government, inciting them to go against the present government due to disaffection towards it is called sedition. Sedition has been given under S.124A of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, it is considered as one of the reasonable restrictions. However there have been debates and still goin on that sedition as a crime is violating the fundamental right of Freedom to speech and expression. In the Indian express newspaper V. Union Of India case they have given further information on what freedom of press can include, it has been states that the combination of freedom of publication, circulation, and access to all sorts of information is the freedom of press.

Freedom of press acts as a perfect mediator between the government and its people. Press is considered to be the watchdog of the executive judiciary and legislature, it gives information about all the daily events happening in all the three organs, to the general public. Currently the freedom if press is in operation in India, however there are some difficulties it has faced in certain situations and cases there has been a suppression of this right. Despite of all the difficulties it is has been proved to be successful in the present, as it is giving information about the Covid-19 situation, and what is happening all over the world. Personally I feel that in the recent times this right is being misused, nowadays the press is involving into people’s personal matters, and there has been a total commercialization of the media, they are operating only to increase the so called TRP rates. They are operating solely for the purpose for profit making, and not genuinely to give the right information to it’s public. It is the responsibility of the media, to not make the public lose hopes on it, and to operate efficiently and effectively. There have been cases where the media has given final verdicts, and has framed someone as a murderer even before the court heard the matter, does anyone think that there was being defamation to the person who was framed as a murder, and what if he has been decided innocent in the court. Therefore, the media has to look into the after effects of their news, and must operate safely without affecting anyone, and they should self monitor their own actions.

Once Mahatma Gandhi said that “The sole aim of journalism should be service. The newspaper press is a great power, but just as an unchained torrent of water submerges whole country sides and devastates crops, even so an uncontrolled pen serves but to destroy“. Press plays a very important role in the nation, and only if they fulfill their duties in the right way, without exploiting the right, it will lead to the development of the nation. Press is the most powerful weapon in the nation, which can bring change in the society, hence it should be in good hands, and it’s importance and trust which the public kept on it must not be deteriorated. The right information has to be informed to the public in the right way.

Is the Crime of Adultery giving Women more advantage than Men in India?

The word “adultery” derives its origin from the French word “avoutre”, which has evolved from the Latin verb “adulterium” which means “to corrupt”. The dictionary meaning of adultery is when a married man has sexual intercourse with a woman with whom he has not entered into wedlock. Adultery means having voluntary sexual intercourse between a married person and a person who is not their spouse, it is considered objectionable on social, religious, moral, or legal grounds. This concept has different perspectives in different nations, some places where it is a crime, whereas in some places they act as a ground for divorce. Some may think that there is nothing wrong in doing it as they may have the opinion that the sanctity in their marriage is already lost, hence they wouldn’t bind by it, but on the other hand there are many out there who value the vows of marriage and fully respect it by following it. In this case men and women are equally wrong for this but there have been some cases especially in that of India where the man was charged for adultery as the wife was considered as a property of the man, but things have changed and this situation has also changed in India, but in some places adultery is still considered not an offence, the degree of treating this as an offence varies from state to state, and culture to culture. It is also considered that adultery violates women’s right on an international level i.e. violating the human rights, but when we see it from a worldwide angle it is clearly indicating that very few nations continue to treat adultery as a crime, while most nations consider it to be a grounds for divorce.

Now let’s look at adultery form India’s perspective , the sections 497 IPC and 198(2) CrPC deal with the procedure for filing a complaint in relation to the offence of adultery and the punishment for the offence, S.497 defines adultery as “Whoever has sexual intercourse with a person who is and whom he knows or has reason to believe to be the wife of another man, without the consent or connivance of that man, such sexual intercourse not amounting to the offence of rape, is guilty of the offence of adultery, and shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both (2) For the purposes of sub-section (1), no person other than the
husband of the woman shall be deemed to be aggrieved by any offence punishable under S.497 or S. 498 of IPC (Indian Penal Code, 1860) They have been regarded as violative of Articles 14, 15(1) and 21 (since sexual privacy is important and it comes within “righ to privacy”’) of the Constitution, and are therefore struck down as being invalid, through the Joseph Shine v. Union of India case . It violates Art 14 of the constitution as it deprives women of the right to prosecute an adulterous husband. Section 497 IPC does not bring within its purview an extra marital relationship with an unmarried woman, a widow or a divorced woman, and the purpose why this section 497 was framed in history does no longer apply in the present- day modern society. This provision was challenged before this Hon’ble Court on three occasions, firstly in Yusuf Abdul Aziz v. State of Bombay and Another , secondly in Sowmithri Vishnu v. Union of India and finally, in V. Revathi v. Union of India. However in all the three occasions adultery was till considered a crime and the court justified it by giving various reasons. These were very significant cases where efforts were put to decriminalise adultery, this issue has existed since a long time but only after 70 years of fighting the result has been attained. Therefore, in India there was indirect discrimination as men and women were not considered equal in the case of adultery and onlt the man was considered to be the offender.

Therefore by the above sections and cases we can come to a conclusion they treat the husband as the person aggrieved and never considers the wife as the adulterer, they are considered as the property of the husband, hence they were charged for adultery. This more likely acts as a indirect discrimination against women, as they aren’t equally treated even in a crime put them in an advantaged position. Discrimination means not treating them equally, and hence the rights of women are being violated in regards with adultery, not only that but there are no provisions where the women can file a case against the husband who has committed adultery, but nothing of such sort for a man, but things have changed and a series of cases brought up this issue and finally decriminalisation of adultery has been done, but is still acts as a ground for divorce, the only change brought was that from now on men will not be punished or charged for adultery.

Citizenship Amendment Bill, 2019

The Citizenship Act, 1955 was amended several times and the Citizenship Amendment Bill was the latest amendment which was done to the act, before we go any further it is is important to understand the objective of the Citizenship act, 1955, this act was brought into operation to give title or confer a person the citizenship in India. A person is said to be a citizen of India if they were a resident of india during the commencement of the constitution, however due to further amendments there were extra clauses that were being introduced. This process of conferring the citizenship is governed by part II of the Indian Constitution. This act gives the conditions that one has to fulfill to become a citizen of India, i.e, by birth, by registration or by naturalization (it is the process where a foreign citizen attains national citizenship through a particular process). Therefore according to the present law citizenship is given to those people who are either born in India or have resided in India for a minimum of 11 years.

The Citizenship Amendment Bill 2019 , was passed by the parliament of India on December 11, 2019. This bill amended the Citizenship Act, 1955 by not giving citizenship to illegal immigrants who are Sikhs, Jains ,Buddhists ,Hindus ,Parsis and Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan who have entered India after December 31, 2014 , and it exempts tribal areas in Assam, Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya stated under the sixth schedule of the Constitution from the above stated clause. This Bill further reduces the period six to five years from the attaining citizenship through naturalization. This legislation applies to the people who were “forced or compelled to seek shelter in India due to persecution on the ground of religion”. The objective of this Bill is to protect such people from legal proceedings of illegal migration. This Bill has been highly criticised for some of its clauses which were termed as discriminatory which has been discussed further. Many people confuse it with the NRC (National Register of Citizen) in Assam where they had to prove that their ancestors were staying in India on or before March 24, 1971, otherwise they were considered as illegal immigrants, however this amendment aimed to protect them.

The consequences of the Citizenship Amendment Bill, 2019 are stated as follows:

The bill states that migrants who fulfill four conditions will not be termed as illegal migrants, and the conditions which were laid were on the basis of caste and religion which is clearly violating Article 14 of the Constitution by denying them the Right to Equality. It is clearly stated in Article 14 that it guarantees equality to all persons, including citizens and foreigners, but on the other side it is discriminating them by providing differential treatment on the basis of their country of origin, religion, date of entry into India, and place of residence in India.
There is alot of criticism when discrimination is being done on the basis of date of entry into India. Why is there discriminatory treatment whether they entered into India before 31 december , 2014 or not.
It doesn’t take into consideration, that what if the there were illegal migrants in the areas that have been excluded as stated in the sixth schedule of the Constitution, It is highly unclear why the Inner Line areas have also been excluded, if there is an illegal migrant in the above excluded areas wouldn’t he be subjected to the same restrictions as others?.
The fourth consequence is that it does not take into account all religious minorities that have faces religious persecution and have illegally migrated to India. It is doubtful why illegal migrants from only six specified religious minorities have been included in the Bill.

In India the parliament has the supreme power to make laws, but the legislations made with respect to citizenship were highly considered to be discriminatory, but also benefited some on the other side. In my opinion there is a loophole to everything, nothing is perfect, but if we start making the imperfections perfect it can lead to societal well-being and happiness. Therefore, the parliament thought it was doing good to the nation with the above amendment but more bad (discrimination and chaos) has been done than good. Hence it is still not too late to make a change.

Why is Moral Relativism Being Challenged?

Morality is universally considered as one of the foundational aspects of our human existence. We make countless moral judgments every day and all our cries for justice are found in the knowledge that something is wrong and that it needs to be addressed. With the rise of Modernism and Post-Modernism in the mid-twentieth century, man who had disposed of hitherto frames of reference and found himself lost, placed greater emphasis on morality as being constructed and something he could change if he had the need to. However, the roots of this theory can be traced back to ancient Greece. It challenges the claims of moral objectivism which posits an objective moral standard from which we derive our notions of right and wrong. Relativists oppose this considering that nothing can exist so objectively, and the possibility of an overarching deity is not considered. Therefore, it is inconceivable to relativists that objectivism is tenable. However, one can only reject or approve the validity of an idea by looking at the other options available, and if they explain reality better.

While moral relativism was considered as a given in the absence of a God, it is being challenged by many philosophers in current scholarship. This includes many eminent scholars and even pop atheistic philosophers like Sam Harris who tries to posit an objective standard even though he fails to justify why it should exist. There are different kinds of moral relativisms such as subjectivism or perhaps the most popular of all, cultural relativism. The reason for the challenge is simple. The notion runs into multiple fundamental philosophical problems. We will discuss a few of those here.

Firstly, morals being relative to culture does not let us arbitrate between cultural conflicts without someone pointing out how it is immoral to impose one culture’s morality on another. This also assumes that cultures have morals that are vastly different but when one looks into this assumption, we do see a pattern of universality in many fundamental moral principles we hold to. The differences are mostly superficial and not fundamental. Rape is never considered as ever being objectively okay, neither is genocide or murder or any kind of harm. So, one is forced to say that this can only mean that there is an objective standard that everyone knows and is universal which is why it shows up in all cultures, but that our ways of knowing it and how we interpret it is different. This will explain why there have been cannibalistic cultures and regimes that have killed many of its own people. It was not because they thought murder was okay since they wouldn’t allow any of their kin to be murdered, but that they considered the murder of another who is not part of their community as necessary for the survival of the community, which leads us to power struggle and hierarchy rather than relativistic morals. We condemn slave owners and the Nazis even though we say that at that time, what they indulged in was not considered wrong by the morality of that time. We don’t however use that to justify their actions since we say they should have known better.

photo of a woman sitting beside statue — Photo by cottonbro on Pexels.com

This leads us to another problem with relativism: it cannot make any sense of moral progress. If everything was relative, why do we consider some practices better than others and try to change what is right? Should not we just accept it as our culture? And attributing such standards to culture is also problematic since culture doesn’t exist apart from humans. If the answer is that we oppose certain practices because all people should be treated equally, we would have to answer why we are equal at all. Our definition of ‘equal’, as well as our idea of all people being equal, will also be only mere opinions if everything is relativistic. Particularly today, we hear about “progress” being made and us being “better” than our ancestors morally. But we can only use the term “better” when we know we are moving towards the best. Without a standard, how do we even know where on the scale of progress we are?

Philosophers opine that objective morality can be known just as physical reality is known, that is through experience. The feeling that we are wronged when someone hurts us or oppresses us testifies to our inner reality of being moral creatures. In fact, we are unable as humans to think outside this framework. The most common objection is that moral relativism can be used to legitimize almost anything. This article barely scratches the surface of the complexity of the issue. While philosophers are trying to salvage the idea of relativism by offering arguments and with constant engagement, there is still a need for proper justification of this notion. One has to wait and see how this debate turns out, but in the meantime try to learn for oneself, understand both sides of the argument and come to decide what is more rational and can be believed with reasonable surety.

Quarantine ‘n Chill

In the modern world, the target audience captivated by the introduction of web series in my opinion is nothing but stupendous.

The indulgement has reached a point where people expect more from the storyline and climaxes than they do from the government or what’s happening around the world which sure sounds vague but is the harsh reality and I would on no uncertain terms deny my participation in it.

On the contrary, web series do provide us with an array of genres to learn and get entertained from and are a glorious source of information if one wishes to perceive it that way. In the present day with the spread of the pandemic and the concept of “social distancing” , which sure is a blessing in disguise for our worthy couch potatoes and the busy youth.

It is giving them the time they need to catch up, relax and binge watch their favourite web series leading to off the charts increase in the indulgence of the same but now enough of the intellectual aspects of it and let’s get to the part we all enjoy.

So embrace yourselves while I take you on a ride with me exploring the top 5 web series that in my perception will keep you on the edge of your seats and will not disappoint. Being a web series fanatic myself, the series I would like to inaugurate this journey with is none other than the classic,

SHERLOCK

sherlock screenshots Tumblr posts - Tumbral.com

“I’m not a psychopath, I’m a highly functioning sociopath”

One of the most beloved lines of the British crime series which is based on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s books comprising of detective stories named as “Sherlock Holmes” originally .The series is based around Sherlock, a man with extraordinary observatory skills which is played by Benedict Cumberbatch who is then accompanied by his roommate Dr. John H. Watson who recently moved in at 221 B Baker Street played by Martin Freeman.

They work as a team to solve twisted crimes as “consulting detectives” in modern day London. Although most people were suspicious of Holmes at first, but over time his exceptional intellect and bold powers of observation as mentioned above persuade them of his value.

Dr. Watson who used to blog about the adventures and cases they have been to and witnessed, lead to Holmes becoming a reluctant celebrity with the media reporting on his cases and eccentric personal life. Both the ordinary civilians and the British Government including his sibling Mycroft Holmes would ask for his help.

The series depicts variety of crimes and perpetrators, conflict with nemesis Jim Moriarty who is another intellectually supreme fellow is recurring feature.

Now coming to my opinion and why I would like to suggest this to you, the readers, is because the genre being crime, it keeps you on your feet the entire turn with the suspense and the plot twists which I personally enjoy making the episode “The Abominable Bride” my favourite so I recommend this show to each and every one of you out there hope you enjoy.

Black Mirror

“So many choices, you end up not knowing which one you want”

Once again we have with us a series that will leave you flabbergasted with its jaw dropping premise and unusual yet true discoveries and logics.

It is a British Sci-Fi anthology series created by Charlie Brooker. It examines modern society, particularly with regard to the unanticipated consequences of the newly discovered technologies .The episodes are usually set in an alternative present or the past or the coming future and sure does demand your maximum indulgence.

The thing that intrigues me the most and keeps me occupied is the phenomenal representation of the things that we face in daily life but with a totally different perception and is a show worth your time and brains.

Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D

Agents of SHIELD Recap: 'Among Us Hide ...' | The Mary Sue

“Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division.”

One of the finest picks for MCU enthusiasts as it reveals and answers most of the questions that organically arise in an individual’s mind after watching the movies and reading the comics and yet feeling like they have not been answered.

S.H.I.E.L.D ,a peacekeeping and spy organisation in a world of superheroes is led by none other than Phil Collins who is dead as we know from the previous movies making it more interesting on how is he still the leader ?Well to answer that you have to be a part of this show.

The entire series is dedicated to how a small bunch of trained agents fight injustice opposed by alien terrorist organisations such as Hydra, I’m sure the MCU fans know what I’m talking about and witness way too many hurdles in their way yet come out victorious with their team work and the training that they behold.

All I can say is it is a must watch for you Marvel fanatics out there trust me you will not be disappointed instead feel like all your questions have been answered.

Marlon

Marlon Wayans works hard for laughs in new sitcom 'Marlon ...

“If you are going to black up, they are going to back up”

An ultimate test for your tickle bones as I can bet money on the fact that you will crack up at every joke made not because it’s just funny but because it’s really smart and witty along with being funny.

It’s a story of a divorced couple who have two kids and are still more like best friends than ex husband and wife while the ex husband being a very established comedian in real life, Marlon Wayne is a youtuber and has an elite sense of humour and the entire series revolve around them being there for their kids incorporated with fun little feuds with one another and the other characters in the show.

In totality it is a light hearted yet superiorly funny show and I give it a solid 10/10 in the genre of comedy.

The Mentalist

7.13 White Orchids - TheMentalist713 0204 - The Mentalist ...

“My memory is a mighty fortress, Lisbon, from which no fact ever escapes once committed”

Another American drama thriller series which will leave you in a state of shock once the story starts taking its turns.

Patrick Jane, an independent consultant for the CBI formerly considered as a “psychic” uses his extra ordinary skill sets of observation and contemplation of the body language and the minute details to help the CBI solve numerous cases and is doing that in return to gain help from the CBI to catch his forever nemesis who goes by the name of Red John as he killed his daughter and wife in bright daylight and Patrick is out for seeking revenge.

Again a show I highly suggest if you are in the search of getting yourself amazed. With that we come to the end of the journey and I hope the suggestions made by me suit you and help you pass time in the current scenario of social distancing.

A Tale of Dramatic Turnarounds at the Pioneer of Success-Manchester United

-SHUBHANKAR

A game that creates legacies, Football is much more than that. A game loved by millions around the world, football is like a heartbeat for its lovers. Football has seen many clubs from different countries dominate the world football, be it Real Madrid from Spain or Bayern Munich from Germany. But as is very well said by someone that Success doesn’t last for long, and that has been the story of one of the most prolific and greatest club in football history, i.e., Manchester United. The England based football was established in 1878 and was named Newton Health LYR F.C, later changed to Manchester United. The past decade saw Manchester United slip from being one of the best teams of the world to now competing for a Champions League spot.

How I see it, the difference between the Manchester United from the 2012/13 season (Last time when they won the League Title) to now, is the wrong managerial transition they had from that season. The 2012/13 was the last for the legend, Sir Alex Ferguson. When the legend left, the board replaced him with David Moyes, a veteran who managed Everton for 11 long years before joining Manchester United. The term of David Moyes didn’t last long as his 6-year long contract ended just after not even completing a full season as he was sacked in the 2013/14 season. The veteran manager didn’t settle at all in Manchester United and the team finished 7^th in the Premier League, meaning no European Football action straightaway after Sir Alex Ferguson left. Moyes majorly struggled with the transfers that season as he signed Marouane Fellaini for a whooping 27.5 million Euros. But the move didn’t work well as he didn’t get any goals in the 21 matches he played that season.

The search for a manager which could recreate the legacy of Manchester United as Sir Alex Ferguson did continued as the board brought in the Dutch manager Louis van Gaal. The Dutch manager steadied the ship but couldn’t help Manchester United win the premier league. The surge for a premier league title continued on as the club legend Wayne Rooney’s form saw a dip and worsened the case for Manchester United winning the Premier League title before he moved back to his boyhood club Everton in the 2017/18 season. The dip in his form can be seen in the graph below:

The above graph clearly shows how the graph of Wayne Rooney’s goals dropped down drastically leaving Manchester United in a somewhat of hopeless position to challenge for the premier league title. After the arrival of Jose Mourinho as a manager, Wayne Rooney found that the new manager had no special interest in the legend and wanted to rebuild the team and then he went onto his boyhood club Everton. Jose brought in Romelu Lukaku as a preferred striker for the red devils and formed a new striking partnership for Manchester united by pairing Romelu Lukaku with Alexis Sanchez. The result was a very effective one for the Reds as they finished the 2017-18 season at the 2^nd spot in the premier league, behind the rivals Manchester City who were way ahead of them securing 100 points that season. That season was a glimpse of what world class manager like Jose Mourinho could do at Manchester United but the 2018-19 season didn’t went as planned as Jose was sacked mid-way into the season.

According to me, the sacking was way too early and harsh by the Manchester United board as Jose was the one who brought Manchester United closet to the premier league title after the retirement of Sir Alex Ferguson. The main reason for his sacking were the media reports about rising conflicts between him and the star midfielder Paul Pogba. The rumours were right as on many occasions Mourinho even benched Paul Pogba and that didn’t result well for him as well as the team. The sacking of Jose Mourinho was more of a player-based sacking rather than the board sacking him. This decision by the board didn’t help the cause as he was the one who could have helped Manchester United recreate those glory days back. Currently the situation has definitely improved under Ole Gunnar Solskjaer who has brought in loads of young talent in the squad and has given the academy players to shine, be it Marcus Rashford or Daniel James or the new signings like Aaron Wan Bissaka or the latest signing of Bruno Fernandes which has completely changed the outlook of the team. The team can challenge for even the European Title if the youngsters are properly groomed by Ole and can bring those old glory days back at the Old Trafford.

Is Nepal the origin of Lord Rama?

On July 14, Nepal PM triggers a debate: “Where is Ayodhya, the origin of Lord Rama?”. The real Ayodhya lies at Thori in the west of Birgunj. India has claimed the Indian site as the birthplace of Lord Ram,” said Nepal’s Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli on Monday while rejecting the traditional “belief” that Nepali daughter Sita was married to an Indian Prince Ram.

Oli was speaking at an event to commemorate the birth anniversary of poet Bhanubhakta, credited with the first authentic translation of Valmiki’s Ramayan into the Nepali language. “The place called Thori, near Birgunj is the real Ayodhya, where Lord Ram was born. In India, there is a great dispute on Ayodhya. But, there is no dispute in our Ayodhya,” Prime Minister Oli was quoted as saying by his press advisor Surya Thapa. Politically, Oli’s comment comes as a refutation of India’s Defence Minister Rajnath Singh’s comment made last month when he had said India and Nepal have a “roti-beti” relation referring to cross-border marriages. However, Oli’s remarks have sparked off a debate on the “real” location of Ayodhya, the birthplace of Lord Ram and the capital of his kingdom as mentioned in ancient texts.

Canva-Happy-Woman-

Condemning Mr. Oli for his remarks, BJP national spokesperson Bizay Sonkar Shastri said that the Communists in Nepal will be rejected by the masses in the same way they have been in India, even as Left parties in India played with people’s faith. “Lord Ram is a matter of faith for us, and people will not allow anybody, be it Prime Minister of Nepal or anyone, to play with this,” he said in New Delhi.

Oral history, as compiled into the Ramayan by Valkimi, places Ayodhya in modern Uttar Pradesh. Ramayan tradition identifies Ayodhya as the birthplace of Ram for around 3,000 years, based on literary evidence. Lack of archaeological evidence has kept the debate raging for years. The statement, however, was not only opposed by Indian citizens but by Nepali citizens as well. Nepal PM has been taking many controversial decisions and making controversial statements in the recent days, one of which was releasing of Nepal’s map with Indian city. While Oli’s unexpected territorial claim followed by allegations that India was behind moves to have him dethroned have been rejected by New Delhi, some have looked at it with suspicion even in Nepal, accusing Oli of playing the India card to hide his own government’s alleged failures. Oli’s recent claim about Lord Rama, too, has drawn sharp reactions from both India and Nepal.

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However, clarification on the statement of Nepal PM has been given now. The Nepal Ministry of Foreign Affairs sought to shield Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli’s comments on Lord Ram from criticism by clarifying that he did not mean to debase the significance of Ayodhya and the cultural value it bears. The MFA said the remarks were not linked to any political subject and were not intended to hurt the feelings and sentiment of anyone. It added that as there have been several myths and references about Lord Ram and the places associated with him, the PM was “simply highlighting the importance of further studies and research of the vast cultural geography the Ramayana represents to obtain facts about Shri Ram, Ramayana and the various places linked to this rich civilization.” “As there have been several myths and references about Shri Ram and the places associated with him, the Prime Minister was simply highlighting the importance of further studies and research of the vast cultural geography the Ramayana represents to obtain facts about Shri Ram, Ramayana and the various places linked to this rich civilization,” it added. The ministry further said, “It may be underlined that the tradition of celebrating Bibaha Panchami where a marriage procession coming from Ayodhya, India to Janakpur, Nepal takes place every year. The Prime Ministers of Nepal and India launched the Ramayana Circuit in May 2018, of which Janakpur-Ayodhya Passenger Bus Service is an important component. These facts signify the bond of time-honored cultural affinity between our two countries and peoples.”

Financial Literacy for girls

We all are aware that education is a very important tool for all of us, to build our personality, to shape our future. It really does not matter whether we get this education from school, or from outside school, education has a key role to play behind the success of any person. But now, from school time, we are told about that education that will help us earn money by working for it. Hard-work, dedication, and skill in a particular field are told to be the requirements to be a good employee, focusing on which can help us earn money and grow. Schools and society hardly teach teenagers about the importance of financial literacy in one’s life. There is no school where students are made aware of financial literacy and its importance. But, indeed, it is a very important skill needed to get out of the ‘rat-race’.

financial-education

If we want to become financially literate, surely we won’t be spoonfed. We need to be alert, aware, curious, as well as creative enough to gather the knowledge. One needs to understand that hard work and dedication can’t get us to everything in life. Studying hard, getting a government job, with a secure future can sound peaceful, but once people get to it, people often complain about their work, problems like not getting promotions, lack of holidays, and a lot more. Employers are often blamed. But it is not employers’ fault, it is our fault that we lack financial education to get out of this “trap”. Yes, but, smart work and the desire to constantly learn and grow is what that can help us get out of the ‘rat-race’. The trick is to “stop working for money and make money work for us”.

A very major issue is financial literacy is lacking too much in girls. Yes, there are girls who are financially literate but the fraction is too low. The general mindset that society has is that there exist a father and husband in a girl’s life and they can very well take care of the finance part for them. It is common that things like fashion, cooking skills, etc are discussed with and among girls but it is quite uncommon to find them discuss stocks, investment, and finance. Apart from these, being financially literate comes with the power to overcome fear and take risks. But, it is quite difficult for a girl to take risks as a society often don’t recognize their potential. We need to overcome this mindset that keeps girls dependent on others. It is the need of the girl as well as the need of the society that they stand out strong and work for their own financial goals. Girls need to be aware and they need to become financially literate. It is also known that girls can better handle finance than boys. So, why one should not use this potential. Financial literacy for girls is also a very important and crucial step towards women empowerment. They also need to understand finance and work for their financial independence.

Happy Woman Holding Piggybank

Financial literacy is very important for the progress of any individual or society. It helps you get out of the trap where you start working for money and can never get out of the trap. It prevents us from becoming slaves to money and become master of it.

PUBLIC HEALTHCARE IN INDIA

Health care must be recognized as a right not as a privilege. Every man ,women and child in our country should be able to access the health care they need regardless of their income. – Bernie sanders

The novel corona-virus outbreak in India has shepherded all attention to the neglected Public healthcare system of our country. The public healthcare in India is a joint effort by both public and private individuals to prolong life and provide safe healthcare to the public at a subsidized rate. Whilst the country has ratified many international agreements on global healthcare, India has no reference to healthcare as a fundamental right in its constitution. However, Article 21 of the Indian constitution recognizes the right to life and personal liberty. The expression ‘life in this article means a life with human dignity & not mere survival or animal existence. Existing public health initiatives in India include the National Health Mission, Ayushman Bharat, and National Mental Health Mission introduced by the government. The public healthcare in the country is ranked at 150th in position according to the World Economic Forum, which indicates snags in the system. India has a maternal mortality rate of 145 deaths for every 100,000 births and only 72,012 of the births were assisted by a skilled health professional in the year 2017.

Paschim Bangal Khet Mazdoor Samity & Others V State of West Bengal & Others held that in a welfare state, the primary duty of the government is to secure the welfare of the people, and the government must provide adequate medical facilities for its people. The public healthcare in India according to the National Healthcare Plan of 2017 covers all services of primary care, diagnostic services, outpatient and inpatient services at free of cost however to access these services is limited as the family must have a health card that links to the primary care facility to be qualified for the mentioned package of services anywhere in the country.

Stages of public healthcare facilities–

The public hospitals would have to provide universal access to a comprehensive range of free drugs and diagnostics to the patients. The reproductive, maternal, child, and adolescent health and prevalent communicable and non-communicable diseases are included in free primary healthcare at a primary health center. Secondary care is usually provided at the district medical college hospital. Basic secondary services such as caesarian and neonatal care are free or available at subsidized rates. Secondary health care also promises easy and safe access to blood banks. The tertiary care is usually done at a referral hospital or the apex hospital. .

Primary healthcare is given at a sub-center which is established in an area of a population of 5000. It is the first earliest contact between the patient and the public health care system; primary healthcare is also given at the primary health care center which is established at a place with a population of 30,000. The PHC is also equipped to handle local epidemic which may occur in villages. They also dispense birth control measures and sterilization surgeries at a subsidized rate. The primary health care center has basic pregnancy and neonatal care available at all times. The next center for the public health system is the Community Health Center which is maintained by the state government established in an area of 120,000 – 80,000. These health facilities are established and constructed under the National Rural Health Mission. The healthcare centers offer a Universal immunization program that was implemented in the National Vaccine Policy of 2014.

They are equipped with one surgeon, one physician, one pediatrician, and one gynecologist assisted by various paramedical staff. It also acts as a referral center for patients from the primary health care center. The next center in the public healthcare system is the first referral center. It is usually a district hospital or a sub-divisional hospital that has all the time facilities of obstetric surgery, availability of blood transfusion 24/7, operation theater, specialist pediatric care, and all the required equipment.

Healthcare programs offered by the government of India –

The National Rural Health Mission which was integrated into the National Health Mission is aimed towards maternal health, reproductive health, children welfare, and adolescent health. The programs offered the free vaccine to newborns, proper medical help to new mothers, and especially the introduction of the sexual health of adolescents which leads to them making informed choices further in their life. This program’s main objective was to reduce the maternal mortality rate, infant mortality rates, and make healthcare accessible to the rural public at a subsidized rate.

The Janani Shishu Suraksha karyakaram states that all pregnant women who are giving birth in a public health care facility are entitled to free delivery including caesarian. The India Newborn Action Plan is aimed at reducing neonatal mortality rates. The village health and nutrition days are programs that impart knowledge to mothers about proper nutrition and infant care practices. The Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram is India’s first comprehensive health program that is aimed at adolescents to inform them about sexual health. Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram is a program that included all comprehensive and basic healthcare to all children in the age group of 0-18-year-olds in the community.

Conclusion –

Healthcare in India is slowly inching towards a more accessible and free health facility to the public. Nevertheless, India has come far with its accomplishments with public healthcare programs and it has now become an essential part of the country’s infrastructure. But it still has a long way to go considering that many obstacles prevent people from accessing public healthcare in society. One such barrier is healthcare facilities cost more money than that public can afford. Another such obstacle can be that the process of accessing such facilities might be complex and frustrating to the public that they choose not to approach public healthcare centers.

Why BTS is so popular?

BTS is the K-pop band that is becoming popular in the world. Made up of seven members- Suga, Jin, RM, J-Hope, Jimin, V and Jungkook, the band hails from South Korea. It was launched in 2013 and ever since that it has rocketed to global stardom. The group has produced music around various themes starting from the ‘School’ trilogy to ‘Love Yourself’ series.

Their album ‘Love Yourself; Answer’ has even managed to come on the top of US charts. This biggest K-pop group internationally doesn’t look like they will stop anytime soon.

Why BTS is so famous and successful?

They have grown into popularity simply because of the kind of music they make is what people want to listen. Their album ‘Love Yourself: Tear” sung in Korean became the first foreign language No.1 album in over 12 years. Not just this, many people have said that their music has played a role in their success. Unlike other K-pop bands, BTS also covers subjects that are untouched like bullying, mental health, and elitism.
With their amazing dance moves and extremely impressive music videos, they’ve gained a loyal fan base who have fallen in love with their music. BTS practices for hours to polish their performances. For their debut performance, they worked for 12 to 15 hours a day to get their best out. Well, it did pay off!
Internet- in particular social media- has played a major part in their success.
No band is successful without its fans. BTS has got some of the most loyal and dedicated fans in the world. They have over 23.7 million followers on Instagram and 19.4 million followers on Twitter. It was their fans only who cast 300 million online votes to make sure BTS wins the Billboard award.
They started with the western approach to music which most could relate to.
Their looks are an undeniable factor. They never look like clones of each other even if they dress similarly. Their visuals stand out. The 7 young, talented, good looking men came together in one place to awe the world with their music.
Not many K-pop idols are allowed to compose, but BTS writes their music mostly. When you’re are fully invested in your music, you become a lot more passionate. That’s the case why BTS is so passionate about their work and love what they do. They’re not conflicted or suppressed in any way.
One can’t ignore their high-concept MVs. Everything in their videos is eye-catching, whether it’s a small twitch in choreography or a tiny fashion accessory.

Records BTS has broken

In September 2018, BTS made the headlines on becoming the first K-pop group to speak at the United Nations.
The first-ever K-pop group to top the US album charts.
They became the first Korean artists to perform an act at the Billboard awards ceremony.
So many online records- they have also appeared in Guinness World records in 2019 twice.

In April 2019, BTS was invited as a musical guest on Saturday Night Live. This late-night TV show has been a staple of American pop culture for about 40 years, and it’s often considered a great achievement is one is invited on the show.

But BTS doesn’t seem to content on their laurels and have always been making rounds to other shows, making new fans. They are unstoppable!

The story of “Burkini”

Going global is the biggest challenge for brands. Various countries across the globe are at various stages of development. The needs and wants of people across the countries might be the same but the brand preferences vary a lot. The factors which every brand manager must look into before moving in the global market are- economic, political, social, and cultural. In business terms, you need to work on PESTLE analysis.
The brand story of Burkini –

In the year 2003, Ahada Zanetti founder of AHIDA Private limited and designer of the Burkini Brand introduced the first product of swimwear for Islamic women. She was inspired by watching her niece facing difficulty in playing netball in a traditional Hizaab. She went on a search to find anything which matched the demands for comfort and flexibility with the requirement of modesty. After doing a thorough research and focusing on the Islamic code of conduct, she designed and produced the first sample of AHIDA BURKINI- Swimwear and sportswear brand. It was accepted by the Islamic community and was given official permission for production.
The dress became so successful among the young Islamic Girls, that immediately it gains a huge demand. Earlier, women wear uncomfortable wearing a short dress and were also not allowed to fulfill their dreams of becoming a sportswoman.
Understanding culture is most important for brand success. The culture of a country influences the consumption patterns of the people there. This can vary also within the country, which is especially true for a huge country like India with rich cultural diversity. Brands need to adapt or come out with completely consumer-friendly products.

The Konark Sun Temple, A Magnificent Decrepitude

Nature is ever at work building and pulling down, creating and destroying, keeping everything whirling and flowing, allowing no rest but in rhythmical motion, chasing everything in endless song out of one beautiful form into another.

Konark, a small town located in the Puri, area of Odisha on the east coast of India, is the home to a 800 years old Sun Temple dedicated to the Sun God, a World Heritage Site which is now almost in ruins . The word ‘Konark’ is a combination of two words ‘Kona’ and ‘Arka’. ‘Kona’ means ‘Corner’ and ‘Arka’ means ‘Sun’, so when combines it becomes ‘Sun of the Corner’. It was built in the thirteenth Century by King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty, this Sun Temple in which is also known as “Black Pagoda” due to its dull black color, is outlined as a tremendous chariot underpinned by twenty-four chariot wheels, devoted to the Sun God. Also known as Arka khetra, there are three images of the Sun God at three different sides of the temple, positioned in proper direction to catch the rays of the sun at morning, noon and evening. The Konark temple is widely known not only for its architectural greatness but also for the sophistication and abundance of sculptural work. Konark is an exceptional mixture of marvelous temple architecture, heritage, exotic beach and salient natural beauty.

Narasimhadeva had preferred the place for his proposed temple, for not only enabling him to bring his building materials from different places by the said river, but the sanctity of the was also considered by him. The beauty of the Sun-rise at that place was said to have charmed Narasimhadeva since his early life. The river Chandrabhaga which is now dead, was once flowing within a mile to the north of the temple site and was joining the sea. On its banks, existed flourishing towns and important trading centres. Trade was carried on with foreign countries as well, by sea routes, as there was no better communication other than the river in those days. Besides the sanctity and the favourable surroundings, the presence of majestic sea eternally roaring and rolling within a striking distance, was perhaps an added attraction for them.

This Sun Temple, a symbol of India’s ancient architectural skills was completed in 12 years (1243-1255 AD) with the help of 1200 workers. Beautifully designed as a chariot mounted on 24 wheels, each of diameters about 10 feet decorated by most exquisite stone carvings, and drawn by 7 strong horses, it boasts of India’s rich cultural heritage. The Sun temple follows Odissi style of architecture (except the erotic stone carvings on the walls), however a significant part of the main structure has fallen and it survives just in parts. However, it’s sad to see the present state of this temple which is almost in ruins. Although, the Sun Temple even in its available demolished state, is still a marvel to the entire world.

Erotic art is a topic that richly possesses practically all portions of the Konark Sun temple. The life-size loving couple, the vulgar priests, the ideal female figures in seductive poses along with their killer grins have made Konark a feast for the eyes of the visitors. The stone carvings display many other sites like dancers with musical instruments, beautiful doors, Giraffes eating grapes, camels and Snake God. The pleasure of seeing the flesh in abundance blended with various Kamasutra positions, gives Konark an unrivalled position in the domain of romantic art.

Every year in the month of February, Konark Dance and Music Festival is organized within the temple premises featuring Odissi dancers and sometimes noted musicians.
The 800 years old Sun Temple cannot just be regarded as a landmark of historical importance. It is much more than a world heritage site as it has the potential to amaze the scholars of many schools like Science, Astronomy, Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Construction Engineering. Also it continues to impress artists and poets. In the words of Rabindranath Tagore – “The Language of stone surpasses the language of man here”.

The Sun Temple is a living testimony to the speculative, daring and the artistic sensibility of a human race that once knew how to live, love, worship and create in heroic proportions. Though Konark is turning into a ruin fast, having been empty and untouched for so long, still the magnificence of it’s architecture continues to outgrow itself so beautifully, like green patches all over with flowers above them.

screenshot_20200712-180725_chrome-1 — The Konark Sun Temple, a beauty in ruins.

Indian Soap Operas Need To Do Better

A woman is chided by society for her loud and brash manner; background music meant to tug at one’s heartstrings accompanies the sermon they deliver about how her behaviour is unbecoming of a woman and causes everyone distress.

“You’re in love with someone?” her sister gasps. “I was under the impression that you are a good girl!”

Another ludicrous scenario that I can recall goes something like this.

The parsimonious mother-in-law taunts the beguile protagonist saying that she has no clue on how strenuous it is to operate a business and that it requires years and years of hard work and struggle. The protagonist retaliates to her mother-in-law’s call down by saying that anybody can be a doctor or an engineer, and it’s nothing to be proud of, and that she can accomplish the same if given 3 months of time, but what’s not any layman’s work is cooking a perfect kheer and she dares her to accomplish that. The episode ends with mother-in-law failing to accomplish the task and giving in to the daughter-in-law with a ‘victory soundtrack’ playing in the background resonating with the proud face of the protagonist.

Now you may ask, what’s so problematic about this? In a day and age, where hundreds if not thousands of girls are studying day and night and working their fingers to the bone just to be able to sustain themselves in the corporate world, the soap operas project that kitchen is the ultimate fate for a woman. Neither is getting into B-school is easy, nor is cooking a perfect meal. But just because your target audience mainly comprises of housewives, it doesn’t mean you’ll need to defame and demean the female workforce.

It’s really disheartening that despite being women-centric, most of the TV serials reinforce archaic beliefs about a woman’s modesty and her place in the household and in society. Maintain your dignity, keep your head down and endure the humiliation, for that is a testament to your strength of character, they seem to say. It’s generally achieved through stereotypical (and regressive) portrayal of saas-bahu relationships who are often pitted against one another just for the sake of it. Another way of doing it is through drawing a dichotomy between ‘an ideal woman’ and the ‘vamp’. The former is primarily seen in traditional attire, is respectful and performs all of her daughterly duties with precision. On the contrary, the vamp is often clad in pants or decked in heavy jewellery and make-up, has a domineering or outspoken nature, and is possibly unmarried (because who would tolerate her, right?).

So, who do you think comprises the majority of the viewer segment for these on-screen aberrations? Mostly the women-folk, specifically the elderly and the housewives and in a nation like ours we all know the sad truth of an women’s existence. Kitchen, marriage and babies, in most cases, are the holy trinity amongst which many a woman’s dreams and ambitions are snuffed out. Who are the staunchest implementers of oppressive practices on women? Women themselves! All in the name of ‘tradition’ and ‘culture’. For these women, these serials are providing a validation of their existence which otherwise is always limited to being the shadow of a male family member- Mr. X’ s wife or Mr. Y’s daughter or Mr. Z’ s mother but never an individual.

These serials with their mindless and baseless storylines make martyrs and Goddesses out of these brainless, one-dimensional female characters; glorifying submission and sacrifice to the point where rationale ceases to exist in totality. Add to it a dash of black magic and divine intervention and voila! You have just created the perfect potion to keep womenfolk tame and submissive and most importantly voiceless accompaniment to male demand and fantasy! I’m rather inclined to think of these serials as a well thought, well-crafted and well-executed strategy by a largely patriarchal powerhouse to keep women away from exerting their rights or voicing their ambition and dreams.

To conclude, these serials are basically a reflection of our societal mind-set at large and are meant to sustain that sick mind-set going forward. These storylines, intentionally or unintentionally, prevent women from being exposed to concepts of freedom and strength of character and determination, and as result women are simply reduced to an epitome of sacrifice and fragility who aren’t allowed rebel but always endure and adjust!

Indian soap operas, it’s a sincere request, please stop glorifying misery, mistaking stoicism for masochism, degrading the art of storytelling, and reinforcing gender roles on television.

screenshot_20200712-134535_chrome — Regressive portrayal of women on Indian Television.

Why a blog?

Blog

A blog (a shortened version of “weblog”) is an online journal or informational website displaying information in the reverse chronological order, with the latest posts appearing first, at the top. It is a platform where a writer or a group of writers share their views on an individual subject.

What is the purpose of a blog?

There are many reasons to start a blog for personal use and only a handful of strong ones for business blogging. Blogging for business, projects, or anything else that might bring you money has a very straightforward purpose – to rank your website higher in Google SERPs, a.k.a. increase your visibility.

As a business, you rely on consumers to keep buying your products and services. As a new business, you rely on blogging to help you get to potential consumers and grab their attention. Without blogging, your website would remain invisible, whereas running a blog makes you searchable and competitive.

So, the main purpose of a blog is to connect you to the relevant audience. Another one is to boost your traffic and send quality leads to your website.

The more frequent and better your blog posts are, the higher the chances for your website to get discovered and visited by your target audience. This means that a blog is an effective lead generation tool. Add a great call to action (CTA) to your content, and it will convert your website traffic into high-quality leads. A blog also allows you to showcase your niche authority and build a brand.

When you use your niche knowledge for creating informative and engaging posts, it builds trust with your audience. Great blogging makes your business look more credible, which is especially important if your brand is still young and fairly unknown. It ensures presence online and niche authority at the same time.

6 reasons you should start a blog

Based on my personal experience, blogging has the potential to open so many doors. Some might come as a surprise, while others need no explanation.

1. To inspire your audience

Being able to inspire an audience through writing is a satisfying feeling. It makes you want to do it all the more. And when people respond to you in positive ways, you generate a portion of influence over them.

As a blogger, you can inspire people in an infinite number of ways.

Imagine using your words to inspire people to:

Change their lives for the better
Make their days more productive
Create something beautiful
Help other people

All this is achievable through the power of your blog, so use it wisely.

2. To improve your writing ability

One thing that’s self-explanatory is that starting a blog has a huge impact on your ability to write.

Starting out might feel awkward and even slightly alien. But as you get into the swing of writing, you’ll notice it getting easier. The words will flow with greater efficiency and you’ll develop a style that’s uniquely you.

Through writing often, you’ll also get a good idea of what people respond to. This stretches your creativity, helping you write more about what people love to read. And in turn, that translates into a larger audience.

3. To learn new skills

When I started blogging I did it for the fun of it. I never in a million years imagined I’d learn enough to turn writing into my full-time career.

Blogging can help you learn so many new skills and abilities. Here are some I’ve picked up along the way:

Designing for WordPress
Writing for different audiences
SEO best practices
Creating web graphics
Email marketing
Social media marketing
Content management
Website hosting

It’s not just through the act of building and managing a blog that you can learn. The content you write about also builds your knowledge.

4.To build your online brand

Along with learning new skills, the more you write about a subject, the more of an authority you become about it. Becoming an authority in your niche helps build your online brand.

By providing value to readers, you’ll soon become recognisable in the community.

You’ll be that blogger everyone goes to. They’ll know your knowledge and advice is worth the effort of seeking out.

Building your brand is a springboard for transforming your blog into something more.

5. To confront your fears

For me, blogging was an effective way for me to break out of my shell. As an anxious introvert, I found it hard to put myself out there and allow my thoughts and ideas to be heard.

Blogging gave me a platform to shout from – a way to confront my fear of being noticed. And in doing so I realised there are people out there just like me.

There are many other ways to use blogging to confront your fears. It can be used to overcome impostor syndrome and feelings of not being good enough. Writing about a topic you’re fearful of can be cathartic and help you work through those emotions.

In fact, many people use blogging as a way to aid in their struggles with mental health. This shows that a blog doesn’t always have to be a meticulously planned venture. Sometimes, it can just be a place to collect your thoughts.

6. To generate an income

This is probably the one point you’re most interested in. Yes, it is perfectly possible to earn a living through your blog, lots of people are doing it.

But while it’s possible, it’s not easy.

Those people you see making a success and a living as bloggers have been honing their craft for years. Through that time they’ve been experimenting and testing things to see what works.

And those years of hustle, go hand-in-hand with long hours of work.

Choosing a profitable niche for your blog is a good place to start. Some are easier to earn money from than others. But, selling your services via your blog requires you to build an audience targeting the people most likely to hire you.

Whichever route you go down, be prepared to work long and hard for it.

The truth about starting a blog

Starting a blog has its pros and pitfalls and no single size fits all.

When considering whether to start a blog or not, consider both sides of the argument and weigh them against your own personality, lifestyle and ambitions. See what fits you and be honest about what you really want out of the experience.

You’ll be the one doing the work and on the flip side, you’ll be the one reaping the rewards in the end.

CHILDHOOD MEMORIES

It is generally said that we remember many of our misfortunes and on very few occasions only do we remember our joys. The recollection of the past normally appears to be sweet. Very often what gives one unhappiness at the moment it happens, may appear in a different light when thought of at a later date. It so happens that some feel that their past had been happy, in spite of many unfortunate or sorrowful incidents, or, disappointments. Similarly, others may feel that their past was not worth remembering so full of misfortunes it had been. In the same manner, such opinion ‘s may be held about our childhood.

A person may not like to remember his childhood days because they might have contained misfortunes or unpleasant experiences. At the beginning of life, a child is at the mercy of its parents. The child does not have any freedom of action or speech. Under the pretext that the child is prone to do mischief, others put it down and command implicit obedience from it. Sometimes, the child becomes the butt end of ridicule or punishment of even servants. When the child attains school – going age, he is under the control of teachers. In most of our schools children in the lower classes are expected to observe absolute silence. This breeds in them an inferiority or fear-complex. It is not generally understood by teachers in the lower classes that children should be given much freedom only retraining for themselves the privilege of controlling the children who might be wayward or mischievous, or when they tend to go beyond the limit of right conduct.

When such is the experiences of childhood, many persons may not like to think back upon those days. The bitterness felt in childhood is best be forgotten, they feel. It would be an unwelcome or bitter thing to bring back into the mind, the memory of unpleasant incidents or experiences and allow them to spoil the happiness of later life. In a country like India,where poverty ignorance and illiteracy dominate daily life, a child in the lower strata of life has to experience much misery. Each day of existence is one round of journey through hell. To add to these difficulties, if the surroundings and family circumstances are uncongenial, the child’s life may be absolutely intolerable and miserable. This child may in course of time be successful in life through a change of fortune or by dint of honest efforts at improvement, thus revealing a forceful character such cases, the person concerned may not like to remember childhood days. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi suffered a lot during his childhood days but now he became an inspirational character in History.

However, it cannot be said that childhood days are always bitter and to be forgotten in later life. There are children born with a silver spoon in their mouth. In a family, where discipline is given foremost importance or in a family in which children are brought up with strictness tempered with mercy and kindness, the child may have happy experiences. It may be treated with kindness and understanding and may get all advantages of good breeding and training. The memory of such a childhood would be sweet to one who rises to an eminent position or is reasonably happy later on in life. It may also so happen that one who had several advantages in early life turns out to be bad or goes astray as one grows up. This may be because such a person growing up with several advantages might not be aware of the pitfalls of life. Such people also might not like to think of their childhood.

Life however is not of one uniform quality. It is neither wholly happy nor wholly unhappy. It is a mixture of the good and the bad, virtue and vice, it has its rosy side as well as the seamy side. In the life of an individual childhood consists of both these aspects and therefore, the memory of childhood may not be entirely bitter or sweet. The natural tendency of human beings in such cases is to think more of sorrow than of the joys experienced. Sorrows and miseries and misfortunes leave an indelible mark on the humankind. When one looks at one’s life in retrospect, only these experiences come first to the mind. Joyful experiences find only a secondary place though at the time they happen, they afford pleasure and satisfaction.

A successful novelist like Charles Dickens gave greater importance to the sorrowful and more unfortunate aspects of life than to the good fortunes enjoyed by some of the characters in his novels like ‘David Copperfield’ and ‘Oliver Twist’. The life of these two characters might be said to be almost reflections of the novelist ‘s life or the mirror of the miserable life of society of the times. Very rarely do people remember the joys of the earlier period. It is such an idea that Shelley speaks of the lines, “Our sweetest songs are those that tell of the Saddest thoughts” – words full of wisdom and experience.

The Plight Of The Migrant Workers

It’s quite an eerie feeling to ponder about the marginalized section of the society – the migrants, who are poverty-stricken, exploited and forced to dwell under impoverished living conditions. Migrants majorly comprise of the daily wage labourers who work in the manufacturing and small scale industries. These workers are denied of proper nutrition, housing and sanitation. They have less or no access to public health care facilities. The migrants are often the worst affected community. Considering the present scenario, ever since, the imposition of the nation wide lock down to curb the spread of the deadly virus, migrants across the country have faced multiple hardships. Millions of migrant workers had to deal with the loss of income, food shortages and uncertainty about their future. Following this, many of them and their families starved for days and succumbed to death. Thousands of workers walked barefoot to their respective homes in the wake of the ongoing pandemic. Research show that majority of the migrants move in to big cities in search of a better living. This is because of unavailability of work in their respective states. Women Migrants are the most vulnerable. When we look at the state of the women who still have no access to education, the reports are not encouraging. The rural women tend to engage themselves more in household chores rather than in attending school. One reason possibly could be – lack of resources. Children (girls specifically) in the rural areas either have to cycle or walk bare foot to reach school. They have no access to public transport. And once, the girl child hits puberty, parents force her to get married and have children. As a result of which, they move out from their villages to big cities not to make a better life for themselves but to survive. This shows how precarious the lives of these migrants are and that the big cities are not actually “home. “ In addition to the lack of job opportunities, unemployment is on the rise. A study of people with a high risk of unemployment found that they decreased their consumption of fruit and vegetables. Such a diet change affects the workers’ as well as their children’s health in the long run. Inadequate nutrition of children, a particular risk in low-income families, can hinder their physical and mental development.
Migrant labourers, who are mostly from rural areas but live most of the year in cities for work, are the victims of development. With the advent of technology, manual labor has reduced. The technological change has reduced the need for routine manual labor. As a result of which, daily wage labourers are not hired anymore. This is a long-standing problem, and has been into existence since ages. In this scenario, how well the migrants are faring? Do they have much to relish? Do they have a roof to rest? Do they have job security? Their future seems bleak.
India is a developing economy. One of the striking facts about India’s development model has been uneven development of rural and urban India. The rural regions of India need immediate and undivided attention.
• Areas with high incidence of poverty should be given equal and undivided attention. The Government should undertake Poverty Alleviation Programmes to eradicate poverty from the grass root level.

• The MGNREGA scheme came into force in 2006 yet in many parts of the country, the poor dies out of hunger. This is because, the Government doesn’t keep an eye whether the schemes launched are implemented. Implementation and execution should be made necessary.

• The migrants should be given jobs in their respective states with due respect. This is because, migrants, very often, get an undeserved bad name in the market.

• Development should be made in the field of agriculture. The Government should look after providing necessary equipments for a healthy yield, protecting them from weeds and weather conditions.
This will help the farmers rely on their own crops rather than depending on the landlords for money.

Migration is neither unique nor new to India. It has existed since mankind. Not everyone wants to leave home, of course, many see migration as one future pathway, whether permanently or temporarily with the hopes to one day return home.

Smuggling of Gold a White Collar Crime

“Smugglers, hoarders and black marketers have no country, caste or nation of their own. Their only ‘God’ and concern is the yellow metal ‘Gold’.”

White collar crimes are defined as non-violent crimes, generally committed by businessmen and government professionals. In simple words, crimes committed by people who acquire important positions in a company are called white collar crimes. India is a developing country and white collar crimes are becoming a major cause for its under development along with poverty, health, etc. The trend of white collar crimes in India poses a threat to the economic development of the country. These crimes require immediate intervention by the government by not only making strict laws but also ensuring its proper implementation. Recently, there is a case occurred in Kerala in which diplomats, politicians alleged to had involvement in smuggling of gold. This case has made headlines in all the newspaper and news channels.

In Kerala the local people migrate themselves in foreign countries like United Arab Emirates (UAE) for the purpose of job. 70% of Indians in UAE are Keralites and 35.5 per cent of Keralite expatriates are in UAE.In October 2016 the first consulate of United Arab Emirates (UAE) in South India, was opened in Thiruvananthapuram the motive was to increase the higher education and tourism sector to be increased.

On Sunday 5th of July 2020 the Custom and Preventive Department had clutched 30 kg of Gold from Thiruvananthapuram International Airport which is worth of Rs. 15 crore. It was an air cargo diplomatic consignment was send from United Arab Emirates (UAE) to Trivandrum International Airport in which the gold bars and sticks were hidden inside some of the household equipment to avoid detection.

As there was an involvement of Consulate of United Arab Emirates (UAE) the custom department was unable to raid them directly, they obtained permission from Ministry of External Affairs, as per the Vienna Convention the consignments to diplomatic mission enjoys immunity. When the permission was granted from Ministry Of External affairs officers of United Arab Emirates (UAE) was called in the presence of them the consignment was unwrapped.

The consignment was in the name of Sarith Kumar who has been previously working has a Public Relation Officer of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) consulate General Office was arrested on 6th July 2020 remanded for 14 days. Sarith Kumar confessed to be in cahoots with Swapna Suresh on the crime. The custom department has accused Swapna Suresh as the mastermind behind trying to smuggle about 30kg gold.

Who is Swapna Suresh ?

She was a consultant to one of the offices under the State Government’s Information Technology ministry. She worked as the marketing liaison officer of the Space Park under the Kerala State Information Technology (KSITIL). After the Customs department intensified its search for her, state government terminated her contract with the IT department with immediate effect. Swapna Suresh and Sandeep Nair who was also involved in the attempt of gold smuggling was detained by the National Investigation Agency (NIA) as on 12^th July 2020

However, this is not the first case against Swapna Suresh in 2013, when she joined as an HR executive with AISATS, an airport service firm, in Thiruvananthapuram. It came to light later that she had conspired with another senior executive at the firm to forge a false complaint of sexual abuse against an airport staff. She had prepared as many as 17 complaints, in many bogus names, against the person, who later complained to the state police seeking a probe into the conspiracy. Suresh was listed as an accused, but the investigation was disrupted, allegedly because of her influence. It was alleged that she has connections with principal secretary to Kerala Chief Minister. There were photos of Swapna Suresh often seen moving in key social, political and bureaucratic circles.

Sapna Suresh filed for anticipatory bail in the Kerala High Court claiming that she had contacted the airport officer regarding the cargo on the alleged directions of top diplomat in the UAE Consulate General office, Rashid Khamis Al Shameli. She also claimed that she was still working with the consulate under ‘work on request basis’.

This things make it clear that she has contacts with powerful people who are involved in such scandalous crime still hiding their faces with mask on it. They are the big sharks of the ocean who train the small fishes push them to fight on their behalf and hide themselves. When the small fishes die on the battleground they start searching for another fish.

What United Arab Emirates (UAE) embassy has to say?

The embassy in his statement told they utterly condemns the attempted misuse of diplomatic channels by an individual engaged in smuggling activity. They rejected such acts unequivocally affirms that mission and its diplomatic staff had no role in this matter.

Anti-Terror Law

The home minster ordered a probe by National Investigation Agency (NIA) into the case. According to NIA an FIR is registered under Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 2004 sections which are as follows :

Section 15- Terrorist Act (what all includes and define terrorist act)

Section 16- Punishment for Terrorist act

if such act has resulted in the death of any person, be punishable with death or imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine

in any other case, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than five years but which may extend to imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine.

Section 17-Punishment for raising funds for terrorist act.

Whoever, in India or in a foreign country, directly or indirectly, raises or provides funds or collects funds, whether from a legitimate or illegitimate source, from any person or persons or attempts to provide to, or raises or collects funds for any person or persons, knowing that such funds are likely to be used, in full or in part by such person or persons or by a terrorist organisation or by a terrorist gang or by an individual terrorist to commit a terrorist act, notwithstanding whether such funds were actually used or not for commission of such act, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than five years but which may extend to imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine.

Section 18. Punishment for conspiracy, etc.

Whoever conspires or attempts to commit, or advocates, abets, advises or 3 [incites, directly or knowingly facilitates] the commission of, a terrorist act or any act preparatory to the commission of a terrorist act, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than five years but which may extend to imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine.

Enforcement Directorate

After customs, NIA, the Enforcement Directorate has also joined the probe in the case. Enforcement Directorate zonal officer in Kochi has launched a preliminary enquiry into the matter under Section 3 of the Foreign Exchange management act which says about Dealing in Foreign exchange, etc.

There has been gold smuggling in our country as the rates of gold in India is expensive as compared in UAE also there is invasion in tax. Kerala is been their favourite designation for bringing the smuggled gold as in Kerala they can easily find customers. This case also light up the racket which brings high officials, diplomats under one roof as using the diplomatic channel to smuggle the gold one should need strong connections to make the smuggling successful. There would be a needs of strong connections in the right corridors of power enforcement officials normally do not lay hands on consignments tagged ‘diplomatic’ as these are highly sensitive and if a search fails to yield results, the officer concerned will be held answerable for straining diplomatic relations between two countries.

As per the law of Torts the law is settled that a master is vicariously liable for the acts of his servant acting in the course of his employment. Unless the act is done in the course of employment, the servant’s act does not make the employer liable. In other words, for the master’s liability to rise, the act must be a wrongful act authorised by the master or a wrongful and unauthorised mode of doing some act authorised by the master. Similarly, in this case the racket is deep rooted the main influences is still hiding what we see is just a half reality if we have to eradicate such crimes we need to reach the deep roots from where it is all started.

WRITING SKILLS

Each sword picks its lord”. For an author, the pen is a sword. Improving anything doesn’t mean creation/building/finding another thing. It just methods working on, discovering blunders, re-trying, or learning new procedures to improve quality. Predetermination is genuine and we as a whole will undoubtedly play an special Dramatis personae. Subsequently before upgrading our aptitude in any regard ensure it is worth to us and we are satisfied with it despite all the troubles. Composing abilities is the thing that an individual has and in this way improving it, implies developing ourselves.

With regards to composing nothing is more remarkable than having a “Dream”. An essayist without a dream proportionate to a body without a spirit can perform yet ,won’t feel the quintessence. Consequently we should have a dream but then we can improve our composing aptitude.We should feel the vibe of composing, composing expertise can be improved when we can see what society wants. Continuously interface ourselves with others so we can have the option to compose something worth perusing or would accomplish something worth composition. Continuously attempt to have a forthcoming composing aptitude don’t compose what past is yet gain from past and manifest a future what it would be similar. Composing ability is dynamic process, therefore it should change with time. Make the composing, expertise adaptable enough to oblige changes. We feel invigorated on the grounds that time is reality, write in present, and be prepared to get by later on. Finally, be upbeat and welcome recommendations. The psyche is the one which can turn hellfire out of paradise and paradise out of damnation. All aptitudes need due regard to sharpen it.

WRITTEN BY

GOVIND SAGAR

Russia Successfully complete trial of first COVID-19 Vaccine.

In MOSCOW state of clinical trail of vaccine which is produced by Russian institute of Epidemiology and microbiology on 18th June. The university has completed test and it was world first vaccine against by the coronvirus .

The director of the MOSCOW university of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector- Borne Diseases at sechenov, the objective of the stage of the way to the vaccine’s safety for human health, which was the successfully done. “The vaccine is confirmed. Lukashev told to sputnik for the safety of those vaccine that are in market. The vaccine development situation with the possibility of scaling up production.

The pandemic situation acted as only the institution but as a scientific and research technology center is the creation must important and complex produce as a drug. Vaccine is starting preclinical studies and protocol development, and clinical trial are currently underway.

The first trial of first group of 18 volunteers group of 23 volunteers. All volunteers, who were between ages of 18 to 65, has the spend 28 days in isolation, in the prevent them from of contracting to other infections. They are will be monitored for 6 months of their discharge as well.

VACCINE AND TREATMENT FOR COVID -19. Vaccine The world Health Organization is lists of the Russian vaccine in their are three phases in 1 of the clinical trial and any vaccine get approved of large scale production, undergo of three human trials.

The 9 Lakh marks in India and highly contagious virus which is a already claimed more than 23000 thousand of people lives.As the 8 May, two medications Trusted source had received emergency use authorization (EUA) from the food and Drug Administration (FDA). The remdesivir and a drug used to sedate people on a ventilator.

The EUA March for the antimalarial drugs chloro quine and hydrocholoro quine, but later revoked it Trusted Source after studies showed that they are unlikely be effective in treatment for COVID-19. An EUA allows doctor use to the drugs to treatment people with COVID-19 even before the medication have through the formal FDA approval process.

These drugs are still the beings tested trials to see the whether they are effective COVID – 19. This steps is needed to make the sure the medications are safe for this particular use and what proper dosses should be. It could be month before treatment area available that are known against COVID- 19. It could be even longer for the vaccine.

EIDD – 2801 This drug was creat by scientists at a nonprofit biotech owned by the Emory university. Research in mice has shown that it can reduce replication of multiple corona virus. Pharmaceutical company Merck and Ridge back Bioterapeutics LP signed an agreement in may to develop this drug. It already being tested in a clinical trial in the united kingdom. Unlike remdesivir, EIDD-2801 can be taken orally, which would, make it available to a larger number of people.

MERIMEPODIB (VX-497)

This drugs are development by the Viral Clear Pharmaceutical. has been shown by previously to have antiviral and immune- suppressing effects. It was tested against hepatits C but had only modest effects

The company is running a phase II trial of this drug. People with their will be randomized to receiver either by the merimepodib with placebo. The company hope have to result by late summer of this year.

Video Games

Photo by **JESHOOTS.com** from **Pexels**

Video games are played on computers and laptops, handheld devices, game consoles – and with increasing frequency – on phones and tablets. Some games are purchased and installed on devices, others are downloaded from the web , and a few are played exclusively online.

Video games are popular among all ages and sexes: While older women top the use of simple single player games; young men are the heaviest users of “war games.” The massively multiplayer games attract users from 8-80. Some games are educational; others are horrifically violent and include graphic sexuality. Yet many games are found out to be played with friends or family within the same room and lots of of those games are an excellent way for families to interact and spend time together.

In addition to being fun, playing video games can reduce stress, lighten depression, increase vision, improve the power to multi-task and improve decision-making skills. Online gaming is additionally linked to obesity, increasing depression, poor grades, addictive behavior and increased aggressive or violent behavior.

Games that are immersive and need strategy and problem-solving skills to win, require players to recollect and absorb tons of data . Regularly playing these sorts of games can help improve children’s short and long term memory and help the brain process information quicker.

Also, games capture players’ imagination helping them to remain focused on certain tasks and builds their perseverance to realize a goal.Multiplayer games allow children to require on variety of roles that allow them to find out the way to manage a team if they’re the leader or negotiate ways to win as a part of a gaggle . The shared experience are often an excellent thanks to collaborate and learn from one another to create children confidence.

Gaming may be a fun and sociable thanks to spend time, encouraging teamwork and developing skills. All great things , but there are a couple of belongings you got to remember of:
1. Some games let children play and chat with anyone within the world. This suggests they could encounter offensive language and bullying.
2. Not everyone online is who they assert they’re . Children should avoid giving out personal details that would identify them or their location
3. Some games encourage players to shop for extra elements during the sport – children are known to run up large bills without realizing.
4. In extreme cases bullying, also referred to as ‘griefing’, are often used as a tactic to win games.
5. Get involved by checking out what sort of games your child enjoys and ensuring they’re appropriate for his or her age.

OLD AGE HOME (a horror story for parents…)

An old age home describes its story by its name……there are not enough “words” in a bottle of ink to pen the words to write about the old age homes, Old age homes which are designed to give shelter and provide a place to live, for those old ones’ whom no one has to care about but today people are making it as their tradition where the people leave their parents in an old age home, where the two generations never stay under one roof and from them, one has to bow down for leaving that family and those are always older aged parents. Where more and more people are thinking about and many are opting to put their aged parents in old age homes. Where the presence of old age parents at home becomes too much of a trouble and there is no room for them as they need constant need of care. Where it becomes impossible to bring friends at home because their parents can be a source of embarrassment for children, it is becoming a shameful thing to introduce their parents to their friends. So, for avoiding these kinds of embarrassment and shameful things the old aged parents are being hit by this drastic detachment from their children at the age when they need a lot of care, when they start losing their memories. They might have grown old by outside but from inside they become those little kids who could never grow up again. ”People say old age is the recoiling of childhood” and it is true that old aged people need attention correspondingly as a young child. Parents, who brought up their children in spite of having different difficult problems, but the children…
Children can definitely learn many good things from their parents by living with them. It is said that “The death of an old man is like a library set ablaze” these words express the important role given to old aged people. Old age is humanity’s greatest invention, and on an even deeper level, it invented us. Those old aged people are responsible for what we are today; those old aged people are the responsibility of their children. The children have to keep in mind that life is a circle and one day roles will be switched, today they – old aged people, need their children but a day will come when those children need their children when they grow old. So it is better eradicating this growing tradition once and for all, as “It’s never too late – never too late to start over, never too late to be happy……..”

Profitable Business Ideas: Start These Latest Businesses & Get Full Government Support under Start-up India Scheme

Many people have become unemployed due to Coronavirus pandemic and lockdown. However, this lockdown has given many of us a lot of free time, in which one could think about self-grooming and improving our career. Becoming self-sufficient is want everyone wants. It is also trending on social media nowadays. Thus, in such a situation, you too can start your own business. In this article we will inform you about some new and profitable business ideas. These ideas can be started by people from villagesas well as cities. Even women can opt for these profitable business ideas that can be started easily with less capital.

Latest Profitable Business Ideas

1. Fabric Painting & Shoes Design Business with fabric painting

If you are thinking of doing something new, then you can start this business. Such products are very much liked by women. You can make these products according to the customer’s order. With this, you can provide home delivery service. There is also a demand for products made with such designs in the market also. In this case, this business will give you very good profits.

2. Wooden Jewellery Business

You can also start the business of making jewellery from wooden bits. Everyone knows how much women love jewellery. In such a situation, you can prepare wooden jewellery according to their choice. You can take help of digital marketing for this business. Apart from this, you can also explore your business in the shops of cities. You can get very good profits from this.

Startup India scheme will help

If you want to start a business, then the Startup India scheme of the Central Government will fully support it. Its main objective is to increase employment and job opportunities in the country. The Government of India has allocated 10,000 crores for this scheme. Under this, you can register your business. After this, the government will help you fully.

Poverty

Poverty is when someone cannot afford the basic necessities of life like food, clothing, shelter and education. It can lead to other problems like poor literacy, unemployment, malnutrition. Poor people are not able to get education due to lack of money and remains unemployed. Unemployed people cannot afford enough and nutritious food for their families and their health declines. A weak person lacks the energy required for the job. A jobless person remains poor only. We can say that Poverty is the root cause of other problems.

United Nations have devised 2 measures to measure Poverty – Absolute poverty and Relative poverty. Absolute Poverty is used to measure poverty in developing countries like India. Relative poverty is used to measure poverty in developed countries like U.S.A. In absolute poverty, a line based on the minimum level of income has been created & is called a poverty line. If per day income of a family is below this level, then it is poor or below the poverty line. If per day income of a family is above this level, then it is non-poor or above the poverty line. In India, the new poverty line is Rs 32 in rural areas and Rs 47 in urban areas.

The government of India also took several measures to eradicate poverty from India. Some of them are – creating employment opportunities, controlling population, etc. In India, about 60% of the population is still dependent on agriculture for its livelihood. Government has taken certain measures to promote agriculture in India. The government constructed certain dams & canals in our country to provide easy availability of water for irrigation. Government has also taken steps for the cheap availability of seeds & farming equipments to promote agriculture. Government is also promoting farming of cash crops like cotton, instead of food crops. In cities, the government is promoting industrialization to create more jobs. Government has also opened ‘Ration shops’. Other measures include providing free & compulsory education for children up to 14 years of age, scholarship to deserving students from a poor background, providing subsidized houses to poor people, etc.

Poverty is a social evil, we can also contribute to control it. For example- we can simply donate old clothes to poor people, we can also sponsor the education of a poor child or we can utilize our free time by teaching poor students. Remember before wasting food, somebody is still sleeping hungry.

Iran -China increasing strategic closeness

A couple of days ago , Reported by The New york times that Iran and China have come very close to sign a land mark agreement that involves a massive economic and strategic partnership between the two countries.As per this proposed agreement China is expected to invest Billions of dollars in the Iranian economy specially in Oil and energy sector and the port and Infra sector which has been the hardest hit because of the American sanctions .

So this economic partnership between the Iran and china promises to dilute the American sanctions on the key sector of the Iranian economy .China has the capability to deliver on this commitments , since it has the capacity to bypass American sanctions Iran might be looking to handover strategic infra structure projects such as the chabahar port project and the chabahar railway project to china .This could possibly explain as to why Iran has decided to drop India out of the project .It not just the chinese factor which led to this developments but its also the result of India’s failure to protect its national interest. Apart from massive economic partnership ,china has offered close military and strategic partnership to Iran under which both the countries are expected to take up joint training , joint exercises between the two armed forces. China has even proposed joint research and development to the defence sector as well as intelligent sharing which could help Iran to counter terror groups that are hostile to it and also to counter countries such as United states and Israel which are hostile towards Iran .So within days after the proposed economic and strategic partnership between Iran and china ,India has been dropped out by Iran from the chabahar railway project and there could be very well connection between this two developments.

Boeing Crisis

The Boeing company is an American multinational corporation which is among the largest global aerospace manufactures.

In march 2019, Boeing 737 Max planes were grounded due to two plane crashing within the span of 5 months. These crashes led to the death of 346 people which urged the authorities to open up multiple investigations. The crashes were mainly credited to the faulty automated system present. The pilots have claimed that they had no information related to this system. Boeing’s philosophy relies on the belief that more control should be provided to the pilots rather than automated systems. However, the crisis is one of the ironies.

The first plane crash took place in Indonesia on October 28 killing around 189 people on board. This led to concerns among pilots since they weren’t aware of the newly installed automated system. This was a severe case of misinformation or lack of information. After looking into the matter, Boeing assured that the planes were safe enough to fly but then 5 months later, another plane crash occurred in Ethiopia which killed 157 people on board. Investigations brought out the fact that malfunctions in MCAS-Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System made them inoperable by pilots. This built apprehension towards flying in these planes even when they returned back to sky.

As a consequence, Boeing had to pay fines and deal with lawsuits from families, airlines and pilots. They even received public backlash. The existing CEO was fired in response to the backlash and a new CEO was appointed, David Calhoun who is now met with responsibility to get the planes re-certified.

MATLAB for beginners

Similar to Python , MATLAB is a mathematical and graphical software package used for mathematical computation, analysis and visualization . It can be used in modeling of different kinds of Systems , Simulation of complex objects etc. It helps in presenting the Scientific and engineering graphics . It facilitates in the algorithm and Application development, including Graphical User Interface building.
MATLAB can be expanded as MATrix Laboratory . MATLAB is a programming language developed by Math Works. Let us see its features in a greater detail.
MATLAB features
MATLAB is an interactive programming environment. The basic data element is an array that does not require mentioning the dimension details. This allows you to solve many technical computing problems in less than a fraction of the time to write a program in a scalar non-interactive language such as C or FORTRAN. It can be used for the following tasks.

Computing support : To work with vectors ,matrices and polynomials as vectors and variables using statistical or math-oriented packages.
Programming capabilities : To use and to write scripts ,classes and functions for programming using external language and library interfaces, including Java, C, C++, .NET, and Web services. MATLAB has object oriented capabilities that can be implemented with m-script . It can be used to write interactive programs .It can be run both under interactive sessions and as a batch job.
App Building : It is used to develop apps interactively using App Designer, or programmatically using MATLAB functions.

Software Development Tools : It facilitates debugging and testing, organizing large projects, source control integration, toolbox packaging etc.

Graphs and plots : It is used to plot graphics and save them in PDF and jpg formats . You can run your analyses on larger data sets, and scale up to clusters and clouds. It supports plotting, printing, graphing etc and widely used for the below types of plotting.

• Two- and three-dimensional Plots ,images ,animation etc
• Polar Plot
• Semilogx or Semilogy
• Log log
• Bode Plot
• Nichols Plot
• Nyquist Plot
Tool Boxes : MATLAB features a family of application-specific solutions called toolboxes. In version 7 , there are a lot of toolboxes.
Symbolic Toolbox
Image Processing Toolbox
MATLAB Compiler
Legacy Toolboxes
GUIDE (allows the creation of interactive user interfaces).
Simulink (for modeling, simulating and analyzing systems).
Psychtoolbox (set of tools that aid in vision research).
The Distributed computing toolbox (set of tools that aid in distributing models over a cluster).
The optimization toolbox (includes various algorithms for minimization).
Other areas in which toolboxes are available include signal processing, control systems, neural networks, fuzzy logic, wavelets and many others.

MATLAB code can be integrated with other languages, enabling you to deploy algorithms and applications within web, enterprise, and production systems.

MATLAB is supported on Unix, Macintosh, and Windows environments. MATLAB is available for a number of environments: Sun/Apollo/VAX station/HP workstations, VAX, Micro VAX, Gould, PC and AT compatibles, 80386 and 80486 computers, Apple Macintosh, and several parallel machines.For many students in mathematics, physical sciences, engineering, economics, and other fields with a heavy numeric component, MATLAB is their first introduction to programming or scientific computing in general.
Summing up
Python is designed as a general purpose programming language and it supports numerical computing, graphics etc using standard libraries . Whereas , Mat Lab is a numerical computing environment.MATLAB is a proprietary tool and it is very expensive outside the academic setting , for teaching and research. Fortunately, many alternative open-sources like GNU Octave , NumPy (library in Python) ,Sci-lab and Sage are available to address this issue and perform the various functions.

Unsound Silence

As defined by the oxford dictionary, “War is a situation or a period of fighting between countries or groups of people, which involves the use of weapons, a military organization and soldiers.” In the world of today we see that the superpowers of the sphere are always in a tiff, and callings of war is very routinely and very normalized. War is romanticized and viewed as a call of heroism. The individuals involved in it, are whooped as martyrs or jingoist of the nation, but people fail to look at the horrors of the war. The sufferings, sorrows, loss of innocent lives, brunt of devastation, are somethings which no mankind can desert upon. War only shows man’s failure as a thinking animal.

One such work by Bob Dylan, in his poem “John Brown,” talks about a young man who proudly went off to war expecting glory and winning medals, but later returned all shot up, with a disfigured face and disabled body. Blathering his mother, the horrible experience in the battlefield and how he was just a puppet in the play. The poem ends by dropping the medals in his mothers’ hand. This shows us the fatality of war, and the false glory in winning. His mother could thus decorate the walls with all the medals but she had lost her son, likewise war is a failure to humanity, as in war nobody wins, everyone loses.

Second is an anecdote which describes us about the terror of World war II by a young girl in her chronicle, “The diary of Anne Frank,” where she had to shift to the Secret Annex and concentrated camps from her home. As Nazi’s were making life very confining to the Jewish people in Germany. The innocent souls had to go in hidings or would be mercilessly killed. Her diary describes us about, how racism was at its peak, the fears of isolation and homicide just because they were Semite. Thus, showing us monsters are real, ghosts are real too, they live inside us, but not each and every one of you. Just like her, what was the fault of hers and people who were like her? Showing War was also partial it always favored parties.

Third, the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was a wondrous pause to the whole society. It swiped away the whole generation of that region with no signs of growth for many years to come. It was tremendously terrible, callous and futile to the whole nation. This was just a part of war, the stories that were planned no one knows till date. There were so many cases of people dying after months from radiation sickness, injuries, illness and malnutrition. An utter example of how War could destroy the whole humankind by a human itself.

The sufferings and dejection caused by the disgusting and destructive ‘War’ is inevitable and unavoidable. The notions like “All is fair in love and war,” is baseless and fabricated. No war is good and all war’s leads to demolition and advert loss. War is monstrous, it’s stupid, its brutal, it’s an excuse of an amateur who could not use their intelligence to solve problems. War is thus a necessary evil in society as nobody wins in war, everyone loses. As John F Kennedy, rightly said “Mankind must put an end to war, before war puts an end to mankind.”

Baishali Gurung

Literacy Vs. Education

What is literacy? One is literate when they can read and write. One does not need to write long essays to be literate. Reading and writing short sentences is enough. Being literate means one can solve simple mathematical problems.

Whereas education is a wider term. Educated people are not only literate but they but they know a lot about the world. In a nutshell educated are always literate but not everyone who is literate, educated. Education, in layman’s language means someone who has knowledge. Someone who not only knows information but also applies them in real life is educated. Being a literate doesn’t necessarily make you an educated person.

Sometimes people holding top degrees don’t know basic things about life. And sometimes, the person might not even be able to read properly but knows his ways around. S/He knows basic skills and is willing to learn more information regardless of their age or ‘status’. You might even notice them being more humble than anyone else.

Although one can always be educated without being literate. What is must though is for that person to be aware. You may have noticed that sometimes people, even though don’t hold a very respectable degree have tremendous knowledge. So much so, that even the people who are top positions career wise go to them for advice. Educated people are always ready to learn. They never back down from a challenge or leave something in between.

Education is also something that we learn from experience. That is mainly why our teachers teach us to respect all senior citizens and everyone who is older than us. They have seen and been through a lot more than we have. Which is why they have more knowledge.

India, now coming under the bracket of developed country, has a high literacy rate in the present scenario. But, is there also the growth in education??Unfortunately, ”NO”. The education rate is simultaneously dwindling. India, giving birth to N number of skillful people, graduates, managers who lack in ethics, broadened vision and “skills” in real sense.

We can see many people who are at the top of the hierarchy getting involved in unethical practices, their leadership skills takes the shape of arrogance, they hardly use there “ literacy” in a right way and hence, according to me, are called ”UNEDUCATED LITERATES”.

Now it’s our choice. Do we only want to be literate and follow the herd, or do we want to be knowledgeable and never lose the thirst of learning.

Social and religious harmony to bring world peace

Religion is a basic piece of human presence. In the event that a man likes to have true serenity, at that point he should likewise develop protections of harmony as far as he could tell. The world can’t have tranquility till nations and individuals start to diminish their narrow minded wants for an ever increasing number of material belongings. Contrasts in strict convictions and practices ought not ruin the advancement of individuals working for world harmony. They should work in amicability and collaboration in the genuine sprit of administration.
India is a nation of more than one billion individuals, most of whom are Hindus. However, we likewise have huge populaces of minorities, with around 150 million Muslims, making this the second biggest Muslim populace on the planet, after Indonesia. There are likewise a huge number of Christians, Sikhs, Jains and Buddhists. In ongoing decades, the contention between strict networks (alluded to as communalism in India) have developed significantly and a great many individuals have been executed in these strict clashes. The fate of India is depressing if strict clashes tear the vote based texture away and make states of common war.
Indian culture is pluralistic in nature. The assorted variety that exists in India regarding religion, culture and dialects is exceptionally special. We don’t see such a decent variety anyplace on the planet. Notwithstanding this assorted variety, the individuals of this nation have been living in harmony and agreement from days of yore. We are each of the one.
We have numerous religions, yet our nation is one. Leave us alone glad for it.
Over and over, it has been brought up by our older folks that fundamental prerequisite for harmony is to make a mentality to consider this world as a God’s interesting creation to live in harmony and congruity with each other. No religion lectures viciousness. Islam implies harmony procured by presenting your will to God. Love and harmony are focal in Christian plan of things.
Compassion or Sympathy holds a significant situation in Buddhism and ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbukam’ (The entire world is a family) is one among the notable cardinal standards of Hinduism. Heavenly Quran says, “Goodness humankind, we have made you from guys and females. Create feeling of fraternity.” Prophet Muhammad showed his adherents to make harmony and not to hurt the strict assessments of others. Swamy Vivekananda stated, “We accept in widespread lenience, however we acknowledge all religions as evident”. Tibetan otherworldly pioneer Dalai Lama says that there will be no harmony among religions without dialogue. Therefore, strict pioneers, political pioneers and scholastic foundations should assume a main job in keeping up harmony and congruity in the general public. Between confidence discourse has gigantic importance in limiting contrasts among clashing gatherings.
Some Steps To Bring World Peace
Start by getting rid of rejection
Proof shows that contention occurs in places where individuals can’t confide in the police or gain admittance to equity, and their possibilities for an OK life are taken by degenerate elites

Achieve true and equal balance among ladies and men
The bigger a nation’s sexual orientation hole, the more probable it is to be associated with brutal clash.

Offer out riches reasonably
As indicated by a World Bank study, 40 percent of the individuals who join rebel bunches do so in light of an absence of monetary chances. Relative neediness is similarly as significant, with progressively equivalent social orders set apart by elevated levels of trust and low degrees of savagery. Financial decency with regards to open assets, tax collection and tax avoidance is likewise key. The orderly exchange of riches from rich to poor – rather than the other route round – improves security for everybody

Show less hubris, make more approach change
A gander at the reputation of counter-psychological warfare, the ‘war on drugs’, adjustment and state-building endeavors and pioneer wars ‘shows an example of to a great extent calming disappointment’ says Saferworld’s Larry Attree. Quietude and readiness to give penance for past animosity on the worldwide stage is basic – similar to a conclusion to oneself serving and counter-beneficial strategy in the Middle East.

Fabricate an incorporated harmony development
Transient enemy of war developments have replaced dynamic and lasting harmony developments. We have to advance peaceful other options and victories; harmony campaigner Phyllis Bennis accepts harmony must be woven into other social developments.
Search inside

World peace, or tranquility on Earth, is the idea of a perfect condition of satisfaction, opportunity and harmony inside and among all individuals and countries on Planet Earth. This thought of world peacefulness is one inspiration for individuals and countries to look participate, either intentionally or by righteousness of an arrangement of administration that has this goal. Various societies, religions, ways of thinking, and associations have fluctuating ideas on how such a state would occur.

Different strict and common associations have the expressed point of accomplishing world harmony through tending to human rights, innovation, training, designing, medication or strategy utilized as a conclusion to all types of battling.
Harmony begins with you. Conventional residents can have any kind of effect. When’s the last time you said sorry? Consider who loses when you win. Are the individuals around you heard and regarded or minimized, disregarded and forgotten about? Settle on a choice to think about what befalls them. Start a productive discussion with somebody you can’t help contradicting. Challenge ‘them-and-us’ speculation in yourself just as in others. All of us can decide to make society all the more just and quiet, or increasingly treacherous and warlike.
Religious Harmony in India is an idea that shows that there is love, love in the middle of various religions in India. The Indian constitution bolsters and energizes strict amicability. In India, each resident has an option to pick and practice any religion. There are instances of Muslims and Sikhs building sanctuaries. In India, distinctive strict conventions live agreeably. Diviners of religions call for strict concordance in India.
In India, each resident has an option to pick and practice any religion. There are instances of Muslims and Sikhs building sanctuaries. In India, diverse strict conventions live agreeably. Soothsayers of religions call for strict amicability in India. For well known film stars in India like Salman Khan, celebrations of Hindus and Muslims are equivalent. As indicated by Dalai Lama, India is a model for strict agreement. He specifies that “In the last 2000-3000 years, distinctive strict customs, including Jainism, prospered here.”

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References

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Benefits of OBE

Clarity

Flexibility

Comparison

Involvement

Drawbacks of OBE

Definition

Assessment problems

Generality

Involvement

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