“A SIMPLE SELF IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUE”

 

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in self growth and self improvement techniques. There is a growing number of books, articles and websites dealing with these topics.

It seems that people are turning within them, to find the solution to their problems. They seek knowledge, techniques, workshops, lectures, and teachers, who can show them the way.

People are beginning to understand that self improvement and self growth can improve the quality of their lives.It is not enough to read articles and books. You also have to practice what you read. Inner change requires motivation, desire, ambition, perseverance and dedication.

When you starting with a self improvement program, it is common to encounter inner resistance that comes from your old habits and from your subconscious mind, and also resistance and opposition from the people around you.

The desire to change, build new habits, and to improve yourself must be strong enough to resist laziness, the tendency to give up, and the fear and ridicule of opposition from family, friends or colleagues.Let me tell you something about myself. I have been attracted to self improvement from an early age, and have regarded it as a source of inner strength and happiness, and as a way to a improve my life.

One of the most useful techniques I discovered and used, was a simple, but very effective technique. It consisted of watching how people behave and act in various situations, and then looking inside myself, to find out whether I behaved in the same way under the same conditions.

When I saw people with certain traits of character, or a certain kind of behavior that I did not like, I examined myself to find out whether I possessed those traits of character too.
If I did, I visualized in my mind a different sort of behavior. In my mind’s eye, I saw myself with the opposite traits of character. I visualized myself in various situations, in which I manifested the new behavior.
When I encountered traits of character or behavior, which I liked, I used to think about their advantages and benefits, and about their importance in my life. Here too, I used visualization and affirmations, and strived to enact them in my daily life.
In this way, I learned and benefited a lot from the behavior and actions of the people around me, at work, at home, on the street, and everywhere else.This exercise was never for the purpose of judging other people or taking advantage of them, but for learning how to act, react and behave in a better way.

This process had another benefit. It increased my knowledge and understanding about how the mind and the emotions affect the behavior and the actions of people. It gave me more understanding of people and their behavior and how to get along better with them.

If you start using this self improvement techniques you will soon see positive changes in your life.

Tips for a Simple Self Improvement Technique:

1) Look around you:

Look around you and watch how people behave in various circumstances. Watch the people you meet at home, work, at the supermarket, on the bus, train and on the street. You can also watch people being interviewed on TV and learn a great deal about them and about you.

2)Watch the behavior of people:

Watch how people talk, how they raise their voice or speak calmly. Watch the reactions of people. Look at how people walk, sit and carry their body. you can learn a great deal from watching their behavior.

3) Watch how people treat other people:

A certain kind of behavior creates certain reactions. Often, how we act and behave, determine how people treat us. Try to be aware of how people act, and how other people treat them. This can help you to determine what changed you need to make in your behavior.

4)The effect of the voice:

Pay attention to the way people use their voice and how they react to other people’s voices.

Watch how you feel and how you react when people shout, or speak softly.

Watch what happens when people get angry, restless and upset, and what happens to you and to others, when they are calm and relaxed.

5)Pay attention to what you do not like:

If you do not like what you see, analyze why you do not like it. Then, analyze your own behavior to find out, whether you behave in the same way. Be honest and impartial in your analysis.

6)Avoid negative behavior:

If you discover that you possess some of these undesirable traits of character and behavior that you do not like, affirm to yourself often that every time you catch yourself behaving in this way, you are going to be aware of them, and do your best to avoid them.

7)Use your imagination to build new habits:

Play in your mind a mental scene of how you would like to act and behave. Repeat this mental scene several times a day, every day.

What you imagine in your mind sinks into your subconscious mind and gradually, becomes a habit.

8)Use your imagination to build good habits:

When you detect in someone character traits or habits you like and desire to possess, try to act in a similar way. Here too, imagine several times each day a scene, where you act and behave in that different, better way.

9)Use visualization often:

Think and visualize over and again in your mind how you would like to act and behave.

10)Remind yourself of the changes you want to make:

Constantly, remind yourself of the changes you desire to make, and strive to act according to them. Every time that you find yourself acting according to your old habits, remember your decision to change and improve, and act accordingly.

Do not be disappointed or frustrated if you do not attain fast results. It does not matter how many times you fail or forget to behave as you desired. Persevere with your efforts and never give up, and you will begin to see how you and your life start changing for the better.

“You are essentially who you create yourself to be and all that occurs in your life is the result of your own making.”

“Change is your friend not your foe; change is a brilliant opportunity to grow.”

“Beginning today, set an intention and a relentless focus on living your life as the greatest person you can be, in all situations.”

– JERISHA. S

SELF HELP DAILY

 

“8 BENEFITS OF JOURNALING FOR YOUR SUCCESS”

 

 

Keeping a journal was something that I had neglected for many years. However, when I started blogging, I asked myself why not journal again? This is indeed a great decision that I’ve taken! Read my blog post to see how journaling equips you in planning for success.

 

1. Achieve goals:

 

I make use of daily journaling to achieve my set goals! It helps me to monitor my progress and see when I need to go back on track (so that I don’t derail from my milestones). Journaling will keep you focused on what you want to achieve with long-term benefits.

 

“Writing in a journal reminds you of your goals and of your learning in life. It offers a place where you can hold a deliberate, thoughtful conversation with yourself.”

 

2. Aspects of life:

 

Journaling will bring you many benefits. You can use it as you want to, to see progress in any aspects of your life that you’re determined to improve and work on. Set and track your personal, professional or any other types of goals. You may even instead choose to record daily life events, thoughts of gratitude, ponder on ideas in your mind and more.

 

3. Life purpose:

 

key to achieving what you really want to. The life goals that you set for yourself, need to be reflected on. This way you put in hard work and precious time, only on the things that you truly want to accomplish!

 

4. Intentional living:

 

When you journal about the right goals for yourself, you ensure that you’re moving in the right direction. Intentional living involves knowing/thinking about what you truly want to achieve.

 

“My job in space will be to observe and write a journal. I am also going to be teaching a class for students on earth about life in space and on the space shuttle and conducting experiments.”

 

5. Emotional Quotient (EQ):

 

When you spend time expressing yourself on paper, you’re aware of your thoughts, feelings, and emotions. You understand and accept them, thus, can take calculated actions! With better EQ, you can work on harnessing relationships that matter to you, both in your personal and professional life.

 

6. Be accountable:

 

With the habit of daily journaling, you hold yourself accountable for how you’re progressing towards your set goals. Think of it as business reporting! You need to answer about your results and improve upon what’s not quite up to the level.

 

7. Analyze situations:

 

You’ll be better equipped to analyze matters in a rational way. This, in turn, will help you to act in a wise and informed manner. You can then better avoid misunderstandings and future regrets. You’ll make the most of handling situations and avoid blunders!

 

8. Mindfulness:

 

Reflecting upon your thoughts, feelings, and emotions before acting has mental health benefits. Meditation and journaling go hand in hand. Include both in your daily routine and live mindfully!

 

“Whether you’re keeping a journal or writing as a meditation, it’s the same thing. What’s important is you’re having a relationship with your mind.”

 

There are various ways that you can choose to journal. You may prefer a traditional pen and paper notebook, use online apps, or illustrate… feel free to be creative. Choose the most convenient and interesting way that suits your personality!

 

9)Journaling boosts your creativity:

 

Let’s face it, most people live their lives to please others. Most of their time is spent on helping other people achieve their objectives by submitting to their solicitations. These people have not yet organized their minds consciously for them to command their waking and sleeping time. They keep reacting to their environment with no inner guidance.

 

For instance, the majority of people wake up and look at their messages or emails immediately. Reacting to other people’s agenda is their number one priority. On the other hand, successful people wake up and immediately journal for a couple of minutes. Creative people focus more on output than input. Detaching yourself from technological addiction and servitude and focusing on understanding yourself will improve your life.

 

10)Journaling helps you achieve your goals:

 

Morning hours are usually the most creative hours because the mind is active. Journaling and reviewing your goals every morning will help you achieve them faster. Knowing what you want is the first step to getting it.

 

As the popular saying goes, you can’t hit a target you can’t see. Reading and rewriting your goals makes it easier for them to be transferred to the subconscious mind which is the key to manifesting your goals.

 

11)Journaling helps you recover:

 

According to academic reviews, people who struggle to succeed in their environment can benefit a lot by journaling. Most people spend so much time living in the past and future. Only a few realize the importance of the present moment.

 

Journaling prevents the mind from wandering by forcing it to focus on the present moment. Most people suffering from depression and trauma are usually encouraged to journal so that they can focus on the present moment. Once you understand yourself completely, the doors will open.

 

12)Journaling enhances clarity:

 

Clarity is the key to success in everything you do. A disorganized mind is the greatest liability one can ever have. Additionally, a disorganized mind is not a clear mind.

 

By journaling every morning, you’ll start seeing how your life is clear. You’ll know what needs to be eliminated and adjusted for you to move forward. Once you are clear with yourself, you will gradually start feeling happy about yourself. You’ll discover that you have the potential to become whatever you want.

 

13)Journaling improves learning:

 

As we said earlier, teachers and professors encourage students to take notes because it helps them retain information in the long run. Writing things down boosts your memory and increases the development of your brain. If you’ve been wondering why mentors encourage their mentees to write down their goals, now you know why. Additionally, journaling helps you solve complex problems which further improve your learning experience.

 

14)Journaling increases gratitude:

 

Gratitude is the key that connects us to the supreme. After getting what they want, most people break this connection by forgetting to be grateful for what they have regularly. If you want more things in life, you have to be grateful for the things you have now otherwise, your life will be a total waste.

 

The best way to be grateful for what you have is to write about them. When doing this exercise, you’ll find yourself putting the pen down and thinking deeply. When you focus on what you have, you will naturally attract more because you are operating from a place of abundance.

 

On the other hand, people who are not grateful operate from a place of scarcity most of the time. And this drives people and things away from them. Gratitude has proven to make people happy, likable, and understand their emotions along with becoming healthier and optimistic.

 

15)Journaling boosts self-confidence:

 

Journaling is all about helping you accept yourself the way you are. Today, the majority of people don’t like themselves the way they are. In fact, these people cannot look at themselves in a mirror.

 

Lack of self-confidence is one of the top reasons why people never achieve their most important goals. If you do not feel confident about yourself, how do you expect others to trust and feel happy around you?

 

Journaling helps you understand your thoughts and emotions clearly. Someone who understands himself or herself will accept himself or herself the way he or she is. Once you accept yourself the way you are, the world around you will accept you the way you are. Remember, the world around you reflects who you are on the inside.

 

16)Journaling strengthens self-discipline:

 

Setting aside some time to journal every day is an act of discipline in itself. Think of discipline as a muscle, the more you use it, the stronger it gets. An act repeated overtime creates a habit.

 

In general, people who are disciplined in one area of life tend to be disciplined in other areas of life such as keeping their desks and houses tidy and working hard to accomplish the days’ objectives. In order to experience success, you’ve got to stay disciplined and consistent.

 

As you’ve seen, journaling has several proven benefits that you can’t ignore. You need to start journaling if you haven’t started. You have to be patient and consistent with journaling for you to start seeing the results. Remember, once you understand yourself, nothing will stop you from achieving your dreams. As the Greek philosopher said, know thyself.

-MEREZJA F

The Big-Bang Theory is a theory that seeks to explain how the universe appeared. This is the most widely accepted theory of the origin of the universe ever put forward. According to the Big Bang theory the universe began as a spark of very high density. It has expanded over time and reached its present state.

Basics:

The Big Bang theory is based on two major discoveries made in the early 20th century. One is Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity. The other is the cosmological principle.

The general theory of relativity states that the gravitational pull between objects in space is a state of space and time distorted by the mass of the object. Cosmic theory is based on the fact that objects in the universe are uniformly distributed outside.

History and how it was discovered:

There are many theories that precede this Big Bang theory. In 1912, Vesuvius Melvin Sullivan discovered by Doppler effect that all single moons move away from Earth. But he only found this condition in the nipples inside our Milky Way.

Ten years later, In 1922, Alexander Friedman, a Russian astronomer and accountant, developed the Friedmann equation from Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity. He pointed out that the universe as a whole would not have expanded with that and a fixed cosmic principle.

After that, In 1924 Edward Hubble said that all galaxies were moving away from each other. In 1927, Giorgio Lemtre, a Belgian physicist and Roman Catholic priest, equated Freud’s equation  to find infrared deflections between galaxies and asteroids.

When examining the movements between galaxies he thought that the deviation marks would vary for each galaxy. That is, he predicted that some galaxies would approach the Milky Way and some galaxies would leave the Milky Way when predicted from the Milky Way.

When predicting the movement of galaxies, the object will be violet as it approaches the Milky Way galaxy and red as it moves away. But contrary to what he expected, when predicting all the galaxies, all the galaxies turned red on the instrument. In 1931, Georges Limetre put forward the salt theory that the universe is salting.

Thus if every superpower in the universe deviated from the other superpower there would have been a time when everything was together. All of those objects would have reached the shape of a tiny egg. He concluded that it was the Adi cosmic egg and that it was the cause of the sudden explosion.

Big Bang:

According to the Big Bang theory, all objects in space were 12 to 14 billion years ago a very dense, small, flame. It is estimated that all the objects in the universe as we know them today are contained within a few millimeters.This flame is starting to spread very fast for some reason unknown today. This is called the Big-Bang.

Scientists say that this expansion is happening many times over every second. They say that the warming gases may have formed intermittent galaxies as they expanded.

Edit after start:

The following sequence indicates when atoms and other cosmic objects originated from the beginning of the Big Bang.

• The moment it exploded, time and space appeared.
• Gravity appeared in the second second.
• Later atoms of quarks appeared.
• Protons and neutrons appeared as atoms collided with each other.
• Three minutes later the protons and neutrons dissipated their heat, forming only two atoms of hydrogen, helium and lithium.
• Five million years later, electrons were trapped by atoms. Thus hydrogen, helium and lithium atoms were formed, respectively.
• Thirty billion years later, galaxies and galaxies formed.
• The solar system and the planets in it appeared only after all these events had taken place. The present is approximately five billion years from the time of their origin.

Early conditions for the Big Bang:

The physicist Dean Irkils says that numbers and mathematics are related to them. Cavernous oscillations or other physical laws that occurred at the beginning of the Big Bang may have created the conditions for the appearance of mass.

Edit the final story of the sari:

Before the discovery of black energy, astronomers had two perspectives on the future of the planet. If the density of the sari is greater than the physical density of the sari, then the sari will begin to disintegrate once it reaches its maximum shape. This event is called a major contraction.

Religious and philosophical explanations:

The Big Bang theory, which explains the origin of the saga, plays a significant role in religion and philosophy. Thus, it is an active part of the discussion of the relationship between religion and science. They therefore refer to the Big Bang in their scriptures.

 

Archeology is the field of science that excavates material culture and analyses the workings of archaic mantras. Such semantic cultural archeological documents include architecture, archeology, archaeological remains, human remains, and ecological remains. Archeology can therefore be considered a field of sociology and a field of humanities. Seen in Europe as a private field and a branch field of other fields; In North America, archeology is considered a branch of anthropology.

Archaeologists are studying the prehistoric history of Ulomkivi in ​​East Africa from the discovery of stone tools as early as 3.3 million years BC to the most recent decades.

The goals of archeology vary, and so do the arguments regarding its purposes and responsibilities. Some goals are to document and explain the origin and development of prehistoric and prehistoric human civilization; Understanding cultural history; Chronology of cultural algorithm development; Includes research on human behavior.

Archaeologists are also focusing on the methods used in their field. They are also interested in research on the theoretical and philosophical foundations of their questions about the past.

The discovery, excavation, classification, analysis and preservation of new archaeological sites are various important stages of archaeological methods. These aside, there is a great deal of multidisciplinary research in archeology. To this end, it relies on the fields of history, art history, classical literature, geography, geology, physics, information science, chemistry, statistics, archeology, archeology, and archeology.

History of archeology:

The Italian historian Flavio Fiondo developed a systematic chronology using the archeology of ancient Rome. That is why he is hailed as the inventor of archeology. Syriaco Piccoli, an Italian merchant, wrote six series of books, Commandaria, in the fourteenth century on archeology in the eastern Middle Sea. That is why he is revered as the father of archeology.

The industry then flourished in European countries in the late nineteenth century. Attempts by Europeans to discover the land of Troy, which is considered extinct, and Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution are considered to be key factors in the industry’s growth.

Academic subdivisions:

Below are some of the selected subdivisions that vary by time or region.

• African Archeology
•  Archeology of Native Americans
•  Australian Archeology
•  European Archeology
•  Industrial archeology focuses on the preservation of objects that are symbols of the Industrial Revolution.
•  Topography – The field of studying the topography of the area under excavation in geological systems, both then and now.
•  Maritime Archeology Focus on the discovery of ancient archaeological remains submerged in the sea, such as the maritime trade of the civilization, the construction of the harbor, and the life of the marine people. (E.g. although there are many state or national archeological museums in India, only the Archaeological Museum, Poompuhar can be said to document marine archeological objects.
•  Middle Eastern Archeology
•  Medieval archeology is the study of European archeology after the Romans, up to the sixteenth century.
• Modern archeology

Chronological methods:

Archeology is a field in post-medieval Europe dating back to the sixteenth century. Archaeological excavations are chronologically based on the nature of the objects found in various ways. They are classified into three categories: independent chronology, relative chronology, and equivalent chronology, which include various methods.

•  Independent chronological methods
•  Radioactive chronology
•  Periodic metrology
•  Thermocouple chronology
•  Optical chronology
•  Numismatics
•  Potassium-argon chronology
•  Lead Erosion Chronology
•  Amino acid chronology
•  A method of pouring water over an archaeological glacial lump
•  Pro-chronological methods

The most well-known of the dependent chronological methods is sandstone. According to this method the period of the excavated archeology is predicted depending on how deep the material found in the excavation is.

Equivalent chronological methods:

Archeology – Earth’s poles change over a period of time. Archaeological excavations have uncovered the axis of the rock at that time in relation to the location of the axis of the rock, which is now used to estimate the period of the archeology with the angular differences.

Volcanic ash chronology – a method of predicting the age of an archaeologist by finding the fragments of a volcanic lava found on the bridge of an archaeological site and identifying the volcanic eruption of the volcano.

Biomass Oral Elevation Soil Survey – Chronology of Archaeological Archaeological Sites. (E.g. the material in the Milky Way galaxy is estimated to be 1,15,000 years old.

By resolution 42/112 of 7 December 1987, the General Assembly decided to observe 26 June as the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking as an expression of its determination to strengthen action and cooperation to achieve the goal of an international society free of drug abuse.

Supported each year by individuals, communities, and various organizations all over the world, this global observance aims to raise awareness of the major problem that illicit drugs represent to society.

 

Share Facts On Drugs, Save Lives

Share Facts On Drugs, Save Lives The theme of the 2021 International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking aims at combating misinformation and promotes sharing the facts on drugs — from health risks and solutions to tackle the world drug problem, to evidence-based prevention, treatment, and care.

The campaign highlights key statistics and data drawn from UNODC’s yearly World Drug Report. Thus, providing facts and practical solutions to the current world drug problem, to attain a vision of health for all based on science.

COVID-19 has brought unprecedented public awareness on health, protective measures for staying healthy, and most importantly, and on protecting each other. A growing sense of global community and solidarity continues to emerge, as does the need to ensure health care for all.

World Drug Day is a day to share research findings, evidence-based data and life-saving facts, to continue tapping into a shared spirit of solidarity. The campaign invites everyone to do their part, by taking a firm stance against misinformation and unreliable sources; while committing to sharing only the real science-backed data on drugs and save lives.

World Drug Report — 2021

Consisting of five separate booklets, the World Drug Report 2021 provides an in-depth analysis of the global drug markets and paints a comprehensive picture of the measurable effects and potential impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the world drug problem. The report is aimed not only at fostering greater international cooperation to counter the impact of the world drug problem on health, governance and security, but also, with its special focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, at assisting Member States in anticipating and addressing challenges that may arise in the near future.

Dyslexia is a language-related disability. The word dyslexia comes from the Greek language. This means vague talk. Dyslexia is an illiterate condition that involves writing, errors, and illiteracy. It is found to be distinct and unique from other non-neurological disorders such as blindness, deafness or inability to read adequately.

Although many definitions have been given for the level of inability to understand and read, there is no consensus. Numerous reading disabilities that arise for a variety of reasons appear to be a manifestation of suffering and the inability to understand comprehension is not the only disability but encompasses many disabilities.

Most of the existing comprehension and illiteracy studies focus on the alphabetical writing system, especially in European languages. However, these studies are now more common among Hebrew and Chinese speakers.

It is unacceptable that the inability to read comprehension is a cognitive deficit, even if it is considered to be the result of a neurological disorder. Some of the symptoms of illiteracy include:

• Confusion about front / back, right / left, etc.
• Perceived difficulties in learning the alphabet.
• Difficulties in memorizing words and recognizing objects.
• Difficulties in identifying, arranging and counting syllables in phonetic words.
• Difficulties in hearing and interpreting different phonetics of words.
• Difficulties in recognizing different phonetic variants of words.
• Difficulties in learning the sounds of letters.
• Difficulties in associating words with their proper meaning.
• Difficulties in adhering to time and conforming to the canon of time.
• Confusion in the compilation of word.
• Some children are seen as introverted, shy, and quarrelsome with others for not being able to perceive the social elements around them for fear of losing their speech.
• Practical disciplinary deficiencies.

These factors have been identified by examining experimental samples from children with disabilities.These problems can be seen as a co-occurrence in people suffering from illiteracy and difficulty in writing.

Formal diagnosis of incompetence can be made by a neurologist, neuropsychologist, pediatrician or educational psychologist.The assessment also includes a general knowledge test to determine self-description of learning strengths and learning weaknesses.

Other disorders related to classification and illiteracy:

Dyslexia is believed to include a number of neurological disorders that affect written language reading.The following are some of the conditions that can cause or depend on dyslexia, which is not difficult to read:

• Auditory processing disorder is a disorder of the auditory cortex. Auditory processing disorder is a form of attention deficit disorder. This can cause problems with auditory memory and alignment. Many sufferers of deafness develop their own cognitive code to address this deficiency, including hearing loss disorders involving hearing loss.
• Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome or Iron Syndrome, also known as Dark Sensitivity Syndrome, refers to different light sensitivities that affect vision.
• Developmental motor dysfunction or developmental dyspraxia is a disorder characterized by normal functioning of the body, such as dysfunction of the pituitary glands, muscular dystrophy, speech impairment, short-term memory impairment, and disorder.
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
• Psychological talk.
• Dysgraphia is more pronounced when writing or typing, and sometimes affects eye-hand coordination in actions related to orientation or sequencing, such as tying a knot or repeating an action.
• Dyscalculia refers to difficulties in learning basic mathematics or learning multiple numerical skills.
• Specific Language Impairment is a developmental language disorder that affects the ability to speak and hear. SLI, also known as Specific Language Impairment, has nothing to do with other developmental disorders, deafness or brain damage
• Confused speech is a speech disorder that affects the speed and rhythm of speech and can lead to impaired speech.
• People with learning disabilities can learn to read and write with the help of proper teaching, even if there is no treatment that can cure the condition.

For alphabetical writing systems, the basic goal is to increase awareness of the interplay of chord and sound and to relate them to reading and spelling. It has been found that training in visual language and phonological phenomena yields long-term benefits, rather than mere verbal training. The most appropriate approach is to determine the neurological factor that causes the symptom of the inability to understand and read.

Education law:

There are various bills and various special education support structures in different countries regarding the mechanism of special education that deals with the administration of comprehension disability.

India is beginning to reopen after a second wave of Covid-19 infections devastated the country in April and May. But now experts warn that a third wave could strike in the next few months.

Courts have questioned state governments over their preparedness, some experts have warned that a third wave could hit within 12-16 weeks, and others are worried that new variants, including the much-talked about Delta plus, could weaken existing vaccines.

Delta plus is related to the Delta, an existing variant of concern first identified in India last year that was responsible for the deadly second wave.

But how realistic are these fears? Subsequent waves are expected, but their severity and spread depend on a number of factors

Covid safety protocols

The number of average daily cases in India has fallen to just over 50,000 in recent days, down from the peaks of 400,000 in May. The drop in numbers has largely been attributed to strict lockdowns by states.

Crowding in markets, election rallies and religious festivals was blamed for the second wave. Bad policy decisions, poor surveillance and ignoring early warnings were some of the other reasons. If the same mistakes are repeated, experts say, that could hasten the third wave.

Dr Chandrakant Lahariya, a public policy and health systems expert, says India is once again at a delicate phase and how people behave will largely determine the fate of the next wave.

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He says it’s important that states reopen the economy gradually. “If we rush into reopening and people don’t follow Covid safety protocols, we only help the virus spread faster.”

He advises that safety protocols need to be implemented at “a localised level” – if specific markets and businesses don’t follow rules, they should be penalised.

Can new variants pose a threat?

The Delta variant largely drove the second wave. Experts believe that more such variants could appear in future if the virus is allowed to run through the still susceptible population.

The Indian government has announced that a new variant, named Delta plus, is a “variant of concern”. But there is not enough data at the moment to say that it could cause a third wave. However experts say the scenario “could change within weeks”

Epidemiologist Dr Lalit Kant says the threat of new variants derailing progress will exist as long as the virus keeps spreading. “We need to further scale up our sequencing efforts to identify dangerous variants early and apply containment measures,” he adds.

India had sequenced 30,000 samples until June, but experts believe more needs to be done. Dr A Fathahudeen, who has treated thousands of Covid patients, says current vaccines appear to work on known variants – but there is no guarantee that they will work on new variants. There have also been instances of people becoming ill despite having been vaccinated – especially after getting the first dose.

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He believes that another wave is inevitable but “we can delay and contain it with appropriate measures like sequencing – to keep an eye on mutations – and strictly enforcing safety protocols”.

“If we don’t do all this, then the third wave could sneak up on us faster than we can imagine.”

Are vaccine coverage and past infections enough?

The outcome of the third wave also depends on what level of immunity India’s population has – both from prior infections and from vaccines. The country averaged 3.25 million doses every day between 9 and 22 June. But it needs to reach 8.5-9 million doses daily to meet its target of vaccinating the eligible population by the end of 2021.

Just over 4% of Indians are fully vaccinated and about 18% have received one dose so far.

Dr Lahariya says if the speed doesn’t pick up, millions will still be vulnerable, although immunity from past Covid infections can protect people.

But it’s hard to establish the number of Indians who were infected and may have developed natural antibodies to fight the virus. Many in cities, towns and villages struggled to get tested and have no way of knowing if they had the infection. Even the number of Covid deaths has been under-reported. Dr Lahariya says that the number of people who have immunity from a prior infection could be between 55-60%.

Gautam Menon, a mathematical modeller and professor of physics and biology at Ashoka University, puts the number even higher at about 60-70%. He is confident that India will not have to endure the intensity of the second wave again.

But he cautions against complacency.

“Even if a substantial fraction of our population has already been infected, there is still about 20%-30% who have not, including those who are elderly or immunocompromised. So we should focus on surveillance to ensure that any rise in cases is detected fast,” he says.

But experts unanimously agree that people cannot take Covid lightly as India still has a sizeable susceptible population and the threat of potentially deadlier variants still looms. “So a third wave is inevitable, it’s up to us to delay it and limit its impact,” Dr Fathahudeen says.

“Just spare a thought for healthcare workers who have been in this battle for more than a year. We are tired, please don’t let your guard down. I am not sure if we can endure a third wave,” he adds.

 U.S. government report on UFOs said Friday it found no evidence of aliens, but acknowledged 143 reports of “unidentified aerial phenomena” since 2004 that could not be explained.

The report was released by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence with substantial input from the military. The study is part of the most significant public effort so far to deal with decades of speculation, rumor and unhinged conspiracy theories about UFOs.

Some of the most intriguing cases come from Navy pilots who reported seeing UFOs — and filming some of them — off the East Coast of the U.S. over a period of months in 2014 and 2015.

The pilots, including some who have spoken publicly, say the mystery objects moved with exceptional speed, agility and acceleration that they had never seen before. And in some incidents, the pilots claimed the objects went underwater.

The report was mandated by Congress and points to an increased willingness of government officials to discuss UFOs without fear of open ridicule.

Sen. Marco Rubio, the Florida Republican, pushed for the study and said in a statement, “This report is an important first step in cataloging these incidents, but it is just a first step. The Defense Department and intelligence community have a lot of work to do before we can actually understand whether these aerial threats present a serious national security concern.”

A recent rise in sightings

Many of the unexplained sights come from the past couple years as the Air Force and the Navy have put in place formal procedures for reporting such incidents.

For starters, the government is using the term “unusual aerial phenomena” to avoid referring to UFOs and the stigma that has often gone with talking about them.

Still, the report noted that, “The limited amount of high-quality reporting on unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP) hampers our ability to draw firm conclusions.”

While the report could not provide many answers, it did offer a range of possibilities.

It said the UFOs, or UAPs, could be part of a secret U.S. government or military project, but did not cite any such cases.

In addition, they could be part of a clandestine program in another country with advanced aerial capabilities, like Russia or China, though the report offered no such proof this was the case.

In some incidents the UFOs showed “unusual flight characteristics. These observations could be the result of sensor errors, spoofing, or observer misperception and require additional rigorous analysis,” the report added.

The main contents of the report were widely leaked to the media earlier this month, and few minds are likely to be changed.

For UFO skeptics, the report will probably reinforce their doubts that aliens are periodically whizzing past but not bothering to send a clear message.

For UFO enthusiasts, the report’s acknowledgement of so many unexplained objects is likely to generate calls for more resources to study the issue.

U.S. intelligence agencies and military were required to produce this report after funding was included in a huge spending bill approved by Congress late last year that focused mostly on COVID relief.

Former President Donald Trump signed the bill on Dec. 27, which then gave the Office of the Director of National Intelligence 180 days to produce the report and send it to Congress.

How it began

As NPR’s Bill Chappell noted earlier this month, the real starting point for UFO speculation, and possible government involvement, dates to Roswell, New Mexico, in July 1947. According to UFO true believers, that’s when the U.S. Air Force allegedly found seized an alien spacecraft and its occupants.

In reality, an Air Force balloon intended for spying on the Soviet Union’s nuclear program crashed near Roswell during a test flight. The Air Force quickly cleaned up its the crash site and was unwilling to talk about the clandestine program, known as Project Mogul.

But that launched UFO conspiracies still going strong to this day.

The Air Force did start its own program to investigate UFO sightings in 1947, called Project BLUE BOOK. Over the next two decades, 12,618 sightings were reported. When the project ended in 1969, around 700 sightings were still categorized as “unidentified,” according to the National Archives.

Meanwhile, to this day the faithful, and the merely curious, make the trek to Roswell.

In recent years, current and former government officials have been more willing to broach the topic.

Former President Barack Obama was asked about UFOs in May on “The Late Late Show with James Corden” on CBS.

“What is true, and I’m actually being serious here, is that there is footage and records of objects in the skies that we don’t know exactly what they are,” Obama said

 

a creative marketer more artist or entrepreneur.Historically, the term “marketing creative” has been associated with the words and pictures that go into ad campaigns. But marketing, like other corporate functions, has become more complex and rigorous. Marketers need to master data analytics, customer experience, and product design. Do these changing roles require a new way of thinking about creativity in marketing.

To explore this question, we interviewed senior marketing executives across dozens of top brands. We asked them for examples of creativity in marketing that go beyond ad campaigns and deliver tangible value to the business. Their stories and the five wider trends they reflect help illustrate what it means to be a creative marketer today.

Create with the customer, not just for the customer

Everyone likes to talk about being “customer-centric.” But too often this means taking better aim with targeted campaigns. Customers today are not just consumers; they are also creators, developing content and ideas — and encountering challenges  right along with you. Creativity in marketing requires working with customers right from the start to weave their experiences with your efforts to expand your company’s reach.For example, Intuit’s marketing team spends time with self-employed people in their homes and offices to immerse themselves in the customer’s world. Through this research, they identified a pain point of tracking vehicle gas mileage. Based on these marketing insights, Intuit created a new feature within its app that combines location data, Google maps, and the user’s calendar to automatically track mileage and simplify year-end tax planning.

Invest in the end-to-end experience 

Every marketer believes the customer experience is important. But most marketers only focus on the parts of that experience under their direct control. Creative marketers take a broader view and pay attention to the entire customer experience from end to end. This includes the product, the buying process, the ability to provide support, and customer relationships over time. That takes time and resources – and it also requires bringing creative thinking to unfamiliar problems.

Kaiser Permanente believes that as health care becomes more consumer-oriented, the digital experience becomes a key differentiator. The marketing team instituted a welcome program to help improve the experience for new plan members. Members are guided on how to register for an online member portal, which provides access to email your doctor, refill prescriptions, make appointments, and more. The welcome program required coordination with many areas of the business.

Turn everyone into an advocate

In a fragmented media and social landscape, marketers can no longer reach their goals for awareness and reputation just through paid media and PR. People are the new channel. The way to amplify impact is by inspiring creativity in others. Treat everyone as an extension of your marketing team: employees, partners, and even customers.Plum Organics gives each employee business cards with coupons attached. While shopping, all employees are encouraged to observe consumers shopping the baby category. When appropriate, they ask a few questions about shoppers’ baby food preferences and share business cards with coupons for free products as a gesture of appreciation

Bring creativity to measurement 

The measurability of digital engagement means we can now know exactly what’s working and not working. This gives marketing an opportunity to measure and manage itself in new ways. In the past, marketing measured success by sticking to budgets and winning creative awards. Today, the ability to measure data and adjust strategies in real-time enables marketing to prove its value to the business in entirely new ways.Cisco has created a real-time, online dashboard where the entire marketing organization can look at performance. The leadership team conducts a weekly evaluation to assess, “Is what we’re doing working?” This analysis can be done across different digital initiatives, geographies, channels, or even individual pieces of content. The result is an ability to quickly adjust and re-allocate resources.

Think like a startup

In the past, marketers needed to be effective managers, setting goals well in advance and then working within budget to achieve those goals. Today, creative marketers need to operate more like entrepreneurs, continuously adjusting to sustain “product/market fit.”

The start-up Checkr represents a trend we are seeing more of in the Bay Area in particular. Marketers are adopting the business practices of entrepreneurs such as lean startup and agile development. For its background check solution, Checkr wasn’t getting the results it wanted from traditional sales and marketing tactics as it expanded into new market segments. They realized they had to think beyond marketing as promoting an existing product. Adopting an agile method of customer testing and rapid iteration, they worked with engineering to rethink the product and bring a “minimum viable product” to market for these new buyers. As a result of this integrated, agile approach, the company easily hit some early 2017 revenue targets with conversion rates that are four times what is traditionally seen in the industry.

 

By : G Gnana Priya dharshini

 

 

 

Women empowerment is the process of empowering women .it may be defined in several ways

Based on the assumption that women differ from men in their social  position and that those different consists of assymetric , unequal power relations between the gender women empowerment refer to the process of increasing women access to control over the strategic life choices that affect them

Women empowerment can be defined to promoting women sense of self worth , their ability to determine their own choice and their right to influence social change for themselves and others in western countries female empowerment is often associated with specific phases of the woman right movement in history .

Pfizer has always prided itself on its commitment to corporate social responsibility (CSR). The drugs giant talks loftily about “embracing our responsibility to society”. It insists that it does as much as it can to make sure that the world’s poor can gain access to its products. It is particularly proud of the work that it does with NGOs and “other global health stakeholders” to strengthen and improve health-care systems. But this has not deterred it from seeking a gargantuan “tax inversion”. The company intends, as part of a $160 billion takeover of Allergan, to shift its tax domicile from America to Ireland, where Allergan is domiciled, and where corporate-income taxes are considerably lower. Pfizer’s shareholders no doubt rejoiced: in 2014 the company would have saved $1 billion of the $3.1 billion it paid to the US Treasury. But many Americans were outraged: Hillary Clinton, the front-runner for the Democratic presidential nomination, promised to impose an “exit tax” on companies that engage in such tactics.

A paper in the January issue of the Accounting Review suggests that Pfizer is far from unusual in trying to perform this pro-CSR, anti-tax straddle. David Guenther of the University of Oregon’s Lundquist College of Business and his co-authors compared the effective tax rates paid by a sample of American firms between 2002 and 2011 with a measure of those companies’ CSR programmes compiled by MSCI, an index provider. It found that the companies which do the most CSR also make the most strenuous efforts to avoid paying tax—and that those with a high CSR score also spend more lobbying on tax.

Read the full article “Social saints, fiscal fiends

“6 SECRETS ABOUT CUSTOMER SERVICE TRAINING THAT WILL BOOST YOUR TEAM’S RESULTS”

 

If you are looking to improve your company’s customer service training, this article is for you.

 

While training and preparing your employees is clearly the first step taken by a good management team, it is nevertheless advisable to focus on what type of training they need and how to implement it. Below we will give you 6 secrets that will help you improve your customer service training and provide a significant boost to your business.

 

1) Train ALL your employees:

Customer service is something that interests and concerns the entire company, not just a single department. In one way or another, the work of all your employees resonates with the end customer. For this reason, it is essential to provide customer service training instruction to your entire staff: not only will they be prepared to meet (or exceed) the expectations of users, but you will also be transmitting a consistent message across the company regarding the importance of customer service.

 

2)A coherent message: the customer comes first

 

While customer service training could include numerous technical aspects and personal skills, the essential message should be loud and clear: the customer comes first. These few words should waft throughout the organization as if they constituted a religious mantra. If your training is built upon this principle (which should be repeated until exhaustion), the foundation you are laying will help everything else run smoothly.

 

3)Practice, practice and continue practicing:

 

 

If you want successful training, you have to commit to practice. Numerous studies confirm that experiential learning and learning by doing increase brain activity and the ability to memorize knowledge. Have your employees practice everything that they are learning so that they will never forget anything.

 

4)Exercise attitudes, positivity and empathy:

 

Many customer service training programs forget to teach the basics: kindness, empathy, positivity and courtesy. While many of these skills could appear naturally, the reality is that they must be reinforced and fostered throughout the company. Make sure that your courses drive home the need to be positive, smile, refer to the customer by name, remain calm, have patience and walk in our users’ shoes. Never assume that your employees are capable of doing all this in their day to day tasks.

 

5)Personalize your training:

 

Every company is its own universe, and every customer support service is different. For this reason, if your company has some particular processes that you want to implement (welcome greeting, presentation of a product, packaging, closing a sale, returning an article, etc.), it is worth investing time into personalized training that satisfies the needs of your company and business.

 

6)Ongoing training: reinforce, reinforce and continue reinforcing:

 

Customer service training should be a never-ending learning experience. Running a course during a month or two will neither significantly impact your staff nor improve your business’s figures. Employees (just like everyone else!) forget what they have learned and easily fall back into their old habits. It is thus essential to hold regular training courses (e.g., changing formats) to continue shoring up all the new knowledge and skills learned.

 

The ultimate guide to improving customer service in your company:

 

Before we begin, let us clarify what we mean by customer service. The term refers to the way a company interacts with its customers, and encompasses everything from the initial contact, presentation of a product, closing of a sale, provision of a warranty and the handling of complaints and problems. Whenever there is direct contact with a customer, we are talking about customer service.

 

While this is the basic definition, the fact is that the concept has much wider implications for the whole company. In recent years, the term “customer experience” has become a buzzword; it refers to the entire customer journey and the creation of a unique experience in their relationship with the company. A host of companies all over the world are striving to enhance this experience in order to build their reputation, increase customer loyalty and drive sales. Indeed, when asked about the company’s main competitive advantage, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos was quick to define it as:

 

“Creating a customer experience superior to anything my competitors can create.”

 

6 invaluable tips for creating a successful customer service strategy:

 

Wanting to place your customer at the center of your business sounds easy, but it is much harder than you think. For years, companies have been developing a specific company culture and have pursued a set of priorities that are difficult to change. Very often, putting the customer first means relegating shareholders and employees to second place. So, how can we bring about this transformation? Here are six strategies that will help you to achieve it:

 

1)Demonstrate that the customer is important:

 

Many of your co-workers (and even your boss) will tell you that the customer is the number one priority, yet two seconds later they are making decisions that do not take the customer into account. To really change the culture of a company and the reasoning behind important decisions, you have to prove to the entire company (without exception) that the customer is the lifeblood of every business.

 

There are a host of arguments you can use: it is the customer who pays everyone’s salaries, awards bonuses at the end of the year and even serves the shareholders. Good customer service has a direct impact on the company’s bottom line. A company is nothing without its customers; they are its most important asset. Repeat these techniques over and over again (for example, begin each meeting by talking about a particular customer) and provide numerous examples to demonstrate that this is true.

 

2)Establish fast and user-friendly customer service processes:

 

Many companies have spent years building barriers and bureaucratic hurdles in customer service. If you want to make the customer the real boss in your company, you have to knock down all these walls and make communication as smooth as possible. Ensure that customer service is fast (no customer should have to wait more than 30 seconds on the phone), set up different touchpoints (telephone, chat service, email, face-to-face contact, etc.) and processes that allow you to deal quickly with product returns, customer complaints and inquiries.

 

3)Hire professionals that care about the customer:

 

If you want to create a customer-centric company, bear this in mind when hiring staff. Ask candidates about their experience in customer service (even if they are never going to see a customer!), take advantage of the interview to tell them about the company’s values and look for people who are empathetic, friendly and good communicators. If you want to provide the best customer service experience, you have to hire the best.

 

4)Empower employees:

 

regarded as the guru of customer service, never tires of repeating this: employees should have the freedom and power (empowerment) to make quick decisions for the benefit of the customer. Very often, employees dealing with the public are obliged to check with their supervisors or seek their approval for product returns. In Tschohl’s opinion, this is one of the greatest bottlenecks of customer service. Employees must be empowered to make decisions at top speed, on the spot, and always for the benefit of the customer.

 

5)Use new technologies:

 

While face-to-face contact is always important, when you have hundreds, thousands or even millions of customers you are going to have to invest in technology. And we are talking about technology developed specifically to enhance the customer experience. This might include a live chat service 24 hours a day, automatic options for product returns (with a simple click), online warranty services or free delivery. The goal, once again, is to ensure that your customers enjoy your service (and become fans of your brand).

 

 

6)Measure, measure and measure again:

 

If you want to identify the strengths and weaknesses of your customer service, you will have no choice but to measure, measure and then measure some more. This exercise will help you to understand the importance of the customer and the huge impact they have on your organization. To do this, assess basic indicators such as the Net Promoter Score (NPS, or recommendation rate), use the mystery shopping technique, measure the number of complaints, average waiting time, number of interactions needed to resolve a problem and the key performance indicators. This will not only help you to enhance the customer experience, but also to raise awareness of the “cult of the customer” throughout the organization.

 

 

Take it seriously:

 

Get training. Many people think that customer service is something that comes “naturally”. At the end of the day, we all deal with people in our day-to-day life. However, this attitude is a big mistake that could cost your company millions of dollars. Customer service is far too serious and important a business to be left to chance; your employees need to take it seriously, receive the appropriate training and learn.

 

Listen carefully:

 

The first customer contact is about what the customer has to tell us. They may be interested in a new product, have a problem that needs solving or demand that their money be returned immediately. We should always pay close and careful attention, and listen calmly and attentively so that we don’t miss a detail. You’d be amazed by the number of people who constantly interrupt the customer or let their minds wander during the conversation.

 

Be human:

 

We all like to be treated like people, so don’t speak like a robot. Always ask the customer for their first name and tell them yours, whether you are behind a counter or at the other end of the phone or online chat.

 

Apologize:

 

While you are probably not to blame for your customer’s complaint, that is irrelevant: as the company representative, it’s your job to apologize. A company that apologizes is a company that cares about its customers. Don’t blame others and don’t be afraid to say the words “I’m sorry”… it’s often the best way to calm down a customer and show empathy before sorting out their problem.

 

Solve the problem:

 

The customer needs and wants you to solve the problem, not make excuses or bombard them with technical explanations. Focus on finding out what they need and offer solutions (offer a number of alternatives if possible). If you can’t help them, find someone who can. Always look for a solution.

 

-MEREZJA F

“WHY YOGA CAN BE SO IRRITATING (ALTHOUGH YOU SHOULD GO ANYWAY!)”

In addition to being somewhat crazy  a shrink once diagnosed me with borderline personality disorder, which I thought was a bit of a stretch until I realized that, like everyone else, he just wanted to have sex with me — I am a yoga teacher. I don’t know what your idea of a yoga teacher is, but should you, recoiling in horror as you read along here, find yourself asking, “But how does someone like this become a yoga teacher?” — the short answer is that I gave a man with a beard and his hot wife $3,200 dollars. The long answer is… well, I’d like to say that it’s because if I hadn’t gotten obsessed with yoga I’d probably be dead, because that’s what people always say about things like this: “If I hadn’t discovered writing, I’d be dead,” “if I hadn’t found Alcoholics Anonymous/married my amazing wife/started making autumn-inspired hand-knit legwarmers and selling them on Etsy, I’d be dead.” But saying, “without yoga I would probably be dead” would be, frankly, a little overdramatic. Let’s just say that if I didn’t do yoga everything bad about me would just be worse, and what is bad is already bad enough.

Now, because you can’t get something for nothing, there’s a problem. Which is, Yoga Can Be Extremely Annoying. So if you’ve been meaning to get yourself there but have been thinking, “I’m afraid it will annoy me,” here’s some good news: You might be crazy but as far as this particular fear goes, rest assured, it’s the product of whatever shred of sanity you may have retained.

There’s no getting around it. Yoga has moments of such profound annoyingness that after I finished Eat, Pray, Love (needless to say, I read the ashram section 100 times) all I could think was, “You wrote an entire book about yoga and meditation and you never mentioned, ‘oh, by the way, sometimes you will want to punch these people in the face’?” And this is where I perform my public service; in yoga we call that a “seva” (how annoying is that?). All the stuff Elizabeth Gilbert was too high on homemade pizza and Javier Bardem penis to mention, you need to know. Everyone’s always telling you how great yoga is, and that’s true, but then you go there and maybe the studio smells like onions steamed in cat pee, and it might have been helpful to know about that beforehand! You need to know exactly what will disturb you before you get there, so you can prepare; and you should also know that, even though everyone around you will seem perfectly unperturbed, someone  someone who stayed   feels your pain. Oh, and by the way, I want to underscore that what follows below is what bugs me about yoga; everything else is a glittering gift from Lord Shiva. Namaste!

People who just saw each other yesterday will hug like one of them was just rescued from a burning airplane. I’ve always thought of a hug as a slightly protracted, lightly physical way of saying hello to people I know fairly well or have not seen for a long time. Regular practitioners of yoga see hugs as a great way to spend an afternoon. You will want to stare at them and wonder, “Are they really pressing their whole bodies together?” (yes); “are their eyes closed?” (they are); “do they really have dreamy looks on their faces?” (yes, yes, yes). But remember, while you’re staring you’re wasting valuable time in which you could be cultivating your “I am not the sort of person who likes to be hugged for long periods of time” vibe. This is easier said than done because you will sometimes see people at yoga  like, people who you actually know, who are your friends  with whom you may wish to make brief, friendly physical contact. Engage in such exchanges as you wish, but realize that you are setting yourself as a person who willingly receives hugs, and these people will not take the extra mental step to say, “oh, but above the waist hugs,” or “hugs that only last a second.” Make no mistake: these people are looking to soul-blend. To avoid: Arrive early. Lie down with closed eyes. Bring flip-flops  they’re essential for a hasty exit.

During hard poses, women and gay men will remain silent and straight men will laugh self-deprecatingly. Imagine being at a gym. Men are lifting heavy weights. They strain, grit their teeth, sweat. But they don’t laugh. So why, here, as they sink into their thighs in Warrior Two or lift their chest skyward during Upward Facing Bow, do they feel the need to let out a little chuckle? More importantly, why does this irk you so? Because, my friend, you are witnessing An Unconscious Assertion of Masculinity. That little laugh is their way of letting you know that hey, they’re not really embarrassed about being so bad at this, because they’re not even supposed to be here, they’re not really doing this, they’re good at other things, like, for example, sitting in an airport bar working their way through a 1- dollar for the upgrade double scotch, a bowl of nuts and a “Two and A Half Men” re-run on the corner TV. Of course, there is also the other type of straight guy in yoga, the guy who can wrap his arms around his ankles and turn himself into a perfect circle, the guy who can stand on his hands in the middle of the room, and he is his own version of Hell. Why, you ask, does this man wear his hair in a bun, on top of his head? There are some secrets that no amount of enlightenment will reveal. I will tell you this: These guys tend to get a lot of ass, so laugh as you will, but know that they’re getting the last one upside-down.

There will be Yoga Overachievers. You will be doing Cat-Cow at a normal pace, and they will be bucking and heaving like mechanical bulls. You will be expending an amount of effort somewhere in between “challenging yourself” and “able to retain sufficient muscle strength to remove shampoo bottle from shower caddy.” They will be straining, grunting, grimacing. When the pose is over, they will often emit some hideous but presumably cathartic howl. I always want to say to those people, “The auditions for the high-school production of The Trojan Women are in the Lotus Room today,” but I don’t think I need to tell you that your basic yoga overachiever does not have the greatest sense of humor. Then, when class is over, and everyone does that weird little bow, the Yoga Overachiever will bow down for, roughly, an hour. Seriously. You will have already taken your own little I’m-so-spiritual-and-humble-before-the Creator bow, put on your flip-flops (good job!), hightailed it away from the would-be hugger/soul blenders, made and consumed a meal, masturbated to some violent pornography and be just about to crawl into bed with the fall Anthropologie catalog, and they remain on the floor in the yoga studio, thanking God for making them, well, them. As these people have a tendency toward spraying you with saliva and noxious BO (see next item) you should give them a wide berth, and don’t attend any functions at their homes, because, for reasons with which the universe has not yet supplied me, they’re almost always horrible cooks.

People will have chive crotch. I developed the term “chive crotch” when, as a mere girl, I was visiting a friend in Oregon and attended a county fair with her. This was my first time on the West Coast. I had smelled body odor before, of course, but never body odor strong enough to make me almost pass out. This was not mere sweat, this was, I said to my friend, the scent of a person who, after carrying around the same bunch of chives in their underwear for an entire summer, had found themselves mid-August with no shower, no clean underwear and, needless to say, no fresh bunch of chives. This is what about 15 percent of people smell like in yoga class. Look, I will confess to having mild body odor myself at times. But I believe smelling like a person who showered recently, applied a non-Alzheimer’s causing deodorant or crystal to her pits and sweated a little in the car is a far cry from chive crotch. The thing that’s really annoying about people stinking is they always have this look on their faces like smelling bad makes them somehow closer to the earth, more spiritual, than evil clean people who have used up precious natural resources and unleashed sodium lauryl sulfates into the environment for the mere purpose of not befouling the rooms they share with others.

There are teachers and students who think flexibility is some kind of indication of how good a person you are. A teacher once said to me, “Your hamstrings are tight is because your mind is not flexible.” I said, “Have you ever taken differential calculus?” She said, “What?” I said, “Have you ever taken differential calculus?” She had not. She said she was terrible at math. I said, “Well, I am very good at math.” (This was not strictly true, but I was quite confident I was better at math than she was.) “Is there something wrong with your mind that you aren’t?” (No, this was not just a strategy to stop this person from soul-hugging me, but it did have that fortunate side effect.)

While we certainly hold tension, trauma and rigidity in our limbs and joints and muscles (otherwise The Universe wouldn’t have given us Bengay), there is no reason to imagine there’s some absolutely direct correlation between how well we can move and how functional or healthy our mind is. I seriously doubt that Einstein or Susan Sontag had less flexible minds than, I don’t know, Rodney Yee. My point is, some physical limitations can be aided through the practice of yoga and some can’t and no one needs the increased pressure of someone telling them, every time they strain to get their heels on the floor in Downward Facing Dog that this is because their mind is all fucked up. Maybe it is, maybe it isn’t, but you just wait until the day when there’s a public forum where people can pay $10-$18 dollars to get in a room with other people to demonstrate how good they are at math. Actually, there is such a place and I guess that would be called “school” and it goes on much longer than a yoga class and often costs much more and it scars people horribly and makes them grow up angry and thinking of ways to humiliate people who can’t touch their toes.

So if, one day, your teacher says, we hold a lot of stuff in our hips and hamstrings and as we begin to let this stuff go and become our authentic selves we will be able to wrap our arms around ourselves eight times, look around the room. You will probably see a guy who can do that, while smiling, and I’ll bet you a $100 prAna gift certificate that you will eventually hear from someone in class about the time he flew into a rage and broke a car window with a shop vac. When your hamstrings become authentic, maybe they can help him.

Teachers talk like Yoda’s MSW-having Mom. If you were to ask your yoga teacher, “Can my newly authentic hamstrings help the angry guy?” she might say something like, “That depends on whether they were coming from a space of pure intention.” The word “honor” is used a lot, as in “honoring yourself,” or “honoring your practice.” Other popular words: “Joy.” “Integrity.” “Space,” but not as in outer space, as in “Go into a space of,” and “place,” but not as in “that place next to Shoe Pavilion,” as in, “Let yourself come into a place of…” When class is over, the teacher will say something like, “Bow to your inner wisdom,” or “take a moment to thank yourself for committing to your practice,” which always makes me intone the prayer, “Please, God, make me less fat than I was an hour and a half ago.”

The worst part about yoga world vocabulary, of course, is how quickly you may find yourself learning and using it. The hope is that because yoga has made you — I’m sorry, I mean, allowed you to open up a space to become — so much more self aware and less narcissistic, you will only talk this way in front of other people who talk like that too. And now that you are friends with so many of them, because you have, after so thoroughly mocking this world basically joined it, that means practically everyone you speak to. My final warning, when you are talking to one of your new yoga buddies, do not accidentally buttdial an old friend, especially if he is a sniping, gym-going homosexual, and allow him to hear you speaking the lingua franca of Yogaland, because, after seeing the record of the call and hoping he heard nothing, you will receive a text message reading: “YOU ARE SO FUCKING BUSTED BITCH — YOU’RE A LOSER!” and no amount of yoga will ever mitigate the shame.

“How are you?” is not a simple question at yoga. No one at yoga is ever just fine. They’re “working through a lot of heavy stuff,” or “dealing with a lot of craziness.” That said, when people ask you how you are, don’t say anything bad. If you are broke, the universe is just trying to teach you a lesson about how much you already have. If someone dumped you, the universe removed that person from your life for a reason. (And that reason is that person is no longer interested in having sex with you!) The universe is very busy in the yoga world, always trying to show you things. I have simply let the universe know, hey, I have seen enough. I have learned enough. Until you can give me a billion dollars and a soundproof room filled with 2002 Zinfandel and organic goat cheese cheddar where all I have to do is watch “Foyle’s War” until I drop dead, please leave me alone. But it’s determined to keep pestering me. At any rate, when people ask you how you are at yoga, don’t tell them anything bad has happened to you unless you’re prepared for the suggestion that you look at your misfortune with an attitude of grace and gratitude. And while I think grace and gratitude are both wonderful things, I also think they are attitudes best preceded by bitterness, rage and self-pity.

So yes, in the beginning it’s all about slipping the car keys inside the flip flops so that all the tools of your escape are in a neat little package. But just keep showing up. In no time you will become sufficiently like all these people that they won’t bother you at all. And then some crazy asshole will make fun of you. Is the circle of eternity beautiful or what?

Sarah Miller is the author of Inside the Mind of Gideon Rayburn.

– Jerisha. S

“THE BENEFITS OF AN ONLINE WRITING TUTOR”

Writing is vital for success in most careers and disciplines today, so students must begin to acquire good writing skills early to prepare for adult life. Sometimes students need additional help to develop these skills. This is true for both public/private school and homeschooled children. In the classroom, the teacher doesn’t always have the time to work one-on-one with students. At home, parents who may well excel at teaching (and grading) math and other more straightforward subjects, are often uncomfortable critiquing their children’s writing. Not to mention that writing is a process, requiring much “re-doing,” which can lead to power struggles between parents and students.

Developing strong writing skills has a number of benefits for students:

1.Improvement in all coursework, not just language arts.

2.Preparation for standardized testing (including the all-important SAT)

3.Enhancing college entrance and performance

4.Boosting career possibilities.

5.Thinking critically.

6.Becoming a better overall communicator throughout life.

In other words, helping a student grow as a writer is an investment in their future. But how can an online writing tutor help them develop these skills?

Depending on a student’s level, it may be helpful to begin with online writing tutorials covering the basics such as sentence structure, then working systematically through paragraph writing and essay writing. An effective writing instructor provides engaging exercises and encouraging feedback, guiding students until they reach the point where they can write effortlessly and reason convincingly.

So, whether to improve school grades, score well on standardized tests, or develop lifelong communication and reasoning skills, an online writing tutor can help students achieve both these short-term and long-term goals. At Time4Writing, every writing teacher is a certified teacher who works individually with each student to improve writing skills.

It All Starts With Sentence Writing:

Sometimes a sentence can be as simple in construction and easy in comprehension as “I love peanut butter and jelly.” How would you complete this sentence? “Peanut butter and jelly ____ delicious.” Would you use is or are? Learning the intricacies of subject-verb agreement from an online writing tutor is just the start of developing strong writing skills, from simple statements to more complex sentences. Once students learn the foundational concepts, it isn’t long before they move on to higher levels of creative writing.

Even middle school students who haven’t truly mastered the subtleties of strong sentences can benefit from an Elementary School Sentence Writing review. Knowing the basic sentence-writing concepts of subject-verb agreement, singular and plural nouns, as well as declarative and interrogative sentences is key to being able to move toward crafting compelling paragraphs.

A dynamic writing tutor teaches these ideas through fun and interesting writing assignments, so students look forward to and enjoy learning the early steps in the writing process. With this sort of personalized writing help, students are soon writing detailed, well-constructed sentences, with proper punctuation and language.

Ready for Paragraph Writing:

Imagine the great feeling when a student recognizes the power sentences have as the building blocks of paragraphs! A capable online writing tutor can lift homeschoolers and other students to this point, moving from a simple understanding of the structure of paragraphs all the way to using them to create a complex and nuanced argument in an essay. Beginning with tutorials in the objectives of Elementary School Paragraph Writing, students get the full overview of paragraphs from topic sentences through closing sentences.

Once students understand these writing basics, the sky is the limit! Their online writing tutor helps them become more adept at making a point and getting it across. From Middle School Writing Paragraphs to High School and College Prep Paragraphs, an online writing tutor shows students how to create writing paragraphs that are interesting as well as informative. With the support of an online writing tutor, students come to know how to make people want to read what they write.

Essay Writing:

Fact versus opinion: do students know the difference? Teaching that difference is one of the crucial tasks of an online writing tutor focused on longer-form styles of writing such as essays. Starting with Elementary School Essay Writing, students learn how to construct an argument with adverbs and verb tenses, character and plot, and how to put all of these details together. An online writing teacher makes sure students learn these concepts systematically, reducing confusion or frustration along the way. To make essay writing even more engaging for students who need an extra challenge, a creative way to introduce elementary level students to Narrative Writing and Informative Writing is by adding the incentive of the wild animal kingdom!

By the time students complete Middle School Essay Writing, their online tutoring in writing has taught them how they can research sources for interesting information to use in their essays as well as how to back up their conclusions. At the Middle School Advanced Essay stage, the students’ online writing tutor shows them how to use the “five W’s” (and the “H”), as well as how to use scripts and dialogue, as they learn to persuade with their words.

At the High School & College Prep Essay Writing level, students’ work reaches a pinnacle as their online writing tutor teaches them polish and finishing. Soon, it becomes almost effortless for them to take their writing ideas and build from an opening statement toward a conclusion. Other important steps in the writing process with which an online writing tutor helps students include editing, revising, proofreading, and finally publishing their work. All these steps are critical to college writing success and will also serve a student well in any future career they pursue.

Don’t Forget the Grammar:

All along the way of writing progress, students need the reinforcement of correct grammar and mechanics. The one-on-one input of an online tutor is invaluable especially at the Elementary School writing level. This is when homeschoolers and classroom students learn about nouns, verbs, and other parts of speech, and begin dealing with subjects, predicates, and structure.

Voyaging through basic Middle School grammar courses, advanced Middle School writing enhancement, and on to High School & College Prep grammar, an online writing tutor guides students through the areas of plural and possessive nouns, subject-verb agreement, and the rules of correct punctuation. Not every student gets excited about the rules of proper grammar, so a masterful writing tutor will integrate activities that engage students to go farther than rote memorization of mechanics principles. Seeing grammar and usage concepts put into action goes a long way toward helping students remember them.

-Jerisha. S

“REMEMBERING JANET MALCOLM: HER INTELLECTUAL COURAGE SHAPED JOURNALISM, BIOGRAPHIES AND HELEN GARNER”

Journalism has rarely had a fiercer critic, nor a finer practitioner than the longtime writer for The New Yorker, Janet Malcolm, who died last week aged 86.

Some might quibble with the description of Malcolm as a journalist, but journalism is a far more supple practice than commonly believed. One list of the best American journalism of the 20th century, for instance, had Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward’s Watergate reporting for The Washington Post ranked highly, but the top place went to John Hersey’s Hiroshima.

Published in 1946 in The New Yorker, Hersey’s 31,000-word article revealed in horrifying details the experiences of the victims of the first atomic bomb. It was also a pioneering, influential piece of what we would now call narrative non-fiction.

Malcolm began contributing to the magazine 17 years later, in 1963.

Over the next nearly six decades, she wrote many long reported pieces, profiles and essays that were published first in the magazine, then as books. Few journalists’ work has had as much influence on the way people thought about a range of topics – psychoanalysis, journalism, biography and the law.

She achieved this through a formidably sharp intelligence and sentences that were, as the magazine’s current editor, David Remnick, wrote last week, “clear as gin, spare as arrows, like no one else’s”.

A quiver of these sentences opens her withering critique of journalism, The Journalist and the Murderer, published in 1989.

“Every journalist who is not too stupid or too full of himself [sic] to notice what is going on knows that what he does is morally indefensible. He is a kind of confidence man, preying on people’s vanity, ignorance, or loneliness, gaining their trust and betraying them without remorse”

When this was published, journalists exploded in outrage, not least because Malcolm had pierced the omertà observed by journalists concerning how they went about their work. There are all sorts of legitimate qualifications to be made about Malcolm’s insight, but more than three decades later it remains a key prod to any journalist, especially those working on longer projects, to reflect on the messy complexities inherent in the relationship between themselves and their sources.

Helen Garner’s ‘shard of horror:

Malcolm’s influence extends to Australia, primarily through Helen Garner, who came to fame through her fiction but forged a second career as one of the nation’s foremost practitioners of narrative non-fiction, and a highly controversial one, too.

When Garner read The Journalist and the Murderer, she said it immediately struck a chord. “It sends a shard of horror right through you,” she said in an interview for Meanjin in 2012.

Later in the same interview with Sonya Voumard, she talked about her debt to Malcolm when writing The First Stone (1995), her still much-debated account of a sexual harassment case at Melbourne University’s Ormond College in the early 1990s.She recalled interviewing a retired judge who had once chaired the Ormond College council and was a “tough, smart old lawyer” who revealed little. As they talked and drank tea, Garner found herself gobbling up the homemade shortbread biscuits he had provided.

After she’d had three, he put the lid on the jar, saying “I didn’t do that to keep you out”, but he had.

Garner recalled:

“It wouldn’t have occurred to me, unless I’d read Janet Malcolm, to put a Freudian interpretation on his closing the jar – I mean Freudian in the sense that people are always doing and saying things that enact their real purpose. He would have thought the incident was about biscuits. But unconsciously he was indicating to me that he was in charge of how much would be given and taken”

A writer of unusual intellectual courage:

At that stage Garner had been reading Malcolm’s The Silent Woman (1993), her excoriating attack on biography in general and the industry surrounding the short life and tragic death of Sylvia Plath in particular.

In it, Malcolm likens biographers to professional burglars:

The voyeurism and busybodyism that impel writers and readers of biography alike are obscured by an apparatus of scholarship designed to give the enterprise an appearance of banklike blandness and solidity.

Readers, as well as biographers, are skewered for colluding in the exciting, forbidden undertaking of “tiptoeing down the corridor together, to stand in front of the bedroom door and try to peep through the keyhole”.
Biographers were as outraged as journalists had been a few years earlier. Readers don’t appear to have objected. They — we — seem to think Malcolm must be talking about other readers, the voyeuristic ones. She couldn’t possibly be talking about us.

But she was, of course. One of the paradoxes of Malcolm’s work is she continued to practice the crafts that she forensically critiques — journalism and biography. For some, this might amount to hypocrisy. To me, it underscores her intellectual courage, taking seriously the power and influence inherent in the practice of these two forms, and refusing to shelter behind loyalty to her tribe.

Which brings me to my favourite rhetorical aria of Malcolm’s, also from The Silent Woman:

The narratives of journalism (significantly called ‘stories’), like those of mythology and folklore, derive their power from their firm undeviating sympathies and antipathies. Cinderella must remain good and the stepsisters bad. ‘Second stepsister not so bad after all’ is not a good story.

Malcolm refused to write fairytales. Her stories may be as sharp as arrows; they also fly true.

– Jerisha. S

“MISTAKES HELP YOU LEARN – FREEDOM TO FAIL IN GAMES AND LANGUAGE learning”

It is not uncommon for English language lessons to favour communication over accuracy: real life is nothing like a classroom! In real-life situations, when you make a mistake in the language you are learning, context provides ample information as to what the intended message is. In fact, most of the time, impeccable accuracy is not needed at all! ‘Don’t worry about making mistakes,’ I used to tell my English language students, ‘communicating is the most important thing!’

What does the research say?

While making mistakes when trying to master a language might seem counter-intuitive, letting learners freely communicate and negotiate meaning is key to success. A learner who communicates a lot while making a few mistakes is much more likely to develop confidence for dealing with real-life situations than a learner who communicates very little because they’re afraid of making any. In communicative language teaching, for example, the teacher is tasked with both encouraging the learner to express themselves and with providing corrective feedback in a way that is not obstructive to communication .

This means that if a learner says, ‘I go swimming last night,’ it is much more effective to respond with, ‘Oh, that’s nice, you went swimming. What did you do after?’ rather than, ‘No! You went swimming! Use past simple for past events!’ – the former encourages the learner to continue their narrative while the latter is much more likely to make the learner stop in their tracks, re-evaluate the context, and think twice before expressing themselves again in the future, for the fear of making a mistake again. Teachers need to be careful not to parrot back everything the students say in this manner, of course, but the technique can be an effective method of acknowledging the content of a student’s response, while also providing feedback on accuracy.

The importance of the freedom to make mistakes in language learning is also supported by research in psychology, which suggests that learners who try a task without having mastered it completely experience improved retention of new information (e.g. Kornell et al 2009, Moser et al 2011). A similar experiment in the context of language learning also indicates that the process of making mistakes activates a greater network of related knowledge in the brain, which leads to superior learning outcomes .

Top tips for helping learners … make mistakes!

In Cambridge English, we believe that the key to helping learners feel relaxed and ready for communicating freely in the classroom is authenticity. This means that there should be both a real communicative need for a learner to speak and the authentic reaction from those around to what the learner has said.

Let’s look at how this works in our new language-learning world in Minecraft. There’s a dwarf called Hungry who asks the player for some fruit. The player of course responds to Hungry not because they will get a mark from their teacher for it, but because they want to progress through the game, and because Hungry is nice and there’s also an alluring vending machine full of treats nearby! Just like in real life, the player is free to choose whatever they like from the vending machine. There isn’t a low mark for buying the wrong item. Instead, Hungry rewards the player with more language, pronouncing the name of the food item he’s brought, and sending the player back to try again.

Here are a few ways of how such authentic communicative interactions can be practised in the classroom:

surround learners with the English language – encourage them to speak to you and each other in English
don’t worry about diverging from topics that are not strictly covered in your lesson plan – sometimes the best communication is spontaneous
model communication by telling your students stories and anecdotes about your own life and encourage them to do the same
let your learners have fun with English – give them colloquial expressions to try and ask them to share some expressions that they’ve heard or seen elsewhere
do not overcorrect – if an error is recurring, make a note of it and cover it in subsequent lessons
avoid the temptation to turn what was intended as speaking practice into a full-on grammar lesson.
While easier said than done, especially when the outcome of an exam is at stake, it is worth remembering that Cambridge English examiners, just like the people that our learners might come to interact with outside of the classroom, are driven by the natural desire to understand the people they communicate with. This is especially powerful when practised in the context of a classroom – via role-playing activities or language-learning experiences like the one we’ve built in Minecraft. They set the learners up for success in real-life communication.

– Jerisha. S

LABOUR HISTORY

KEITH FLETT:

When Gordon Brown, a Labour history PhD, became British Prime Minister in 2007, it was perhaps a sign that labour history had come of age, though one tempered by New Labour’s perceived ahistorical tendencies in government. Perhaps a more relevant sign of the discipline’s contemporary weight is the existence of a Wikipedia entry for ‘labor’ history.

The origins of the modern subject can be dated to 1960, the year when the Society for the Study of Labour History (SSLH) was formed and first published its bulletin – now Labour History Review – in the UK, and Labor History (its US equivalent) also started.

Labour history journals for Scotland and Wales followed,and later in the 1960s and 1970s still extant labour history journals covering the north-west and north-east of England emerged.

Marcel Van Der Linden, in a magisterial survey, has argued that the origins of labour history can be dated back to the third quarter of the 19th century when the first labour and working-class movements were active internationally.

Van Der Linden notes that although the subject has always been internationally based, many of the most authoritative figures in labour history – Royden Harrison, Eric Hobsbawm, John Saville, E. P. Thompson – are British, and many of the categories of the subject are characterised by British origins.

Key people such as Sidney and Beatrice Webb and G. D. H. Cole provided parameters for the discipline, and Essays in Labour History, edited by Asa Briggs, supplied some important indicators for the development of the subject. That volume contained E. P. Thompson’s essay about the birth of the British Independent Labour Party in the north of England in the 1880s, ‘Homage to Tom Maguire’.

In his opening paragraphs Thompson laid down some ideas about where and how he would like labour history to develop. He suggested that histories that focused on institutional developments in trade union head offices in London did not reflect the real labour movement, noting that ‘the national historian … tends to have a curiously distorted views of goings-on in the provinces’.

In the 1960s Thompson did a huge amount to shape a view of labour history which was not focused on General Secretaries and trade union machines. His landmark Making of the English Working Class led to Thompson becoming the first head of the Centre for the Study of Social History at Warwick University.

However, this raises an important issue of definition. Van Der Linden notes that only in English is it possible to deploy the term ‘labour history’ to cover what in other languages is differentiated as Marxist history, people’s history, working-class history, and so on. Hence there is no fully agreed remit for what labour history does or does not cover. It remains a subject whose boundaries are comparatively fluid.

In his edited volume People’s History and Socialist Theory Raphael Samuel included labour history as one part of the whole, but later in the same decade Eric Hobsbawm wrote about it as a distinct and separate subject. Hobsbawm argued against any trend for labour history to be antiquarian and underlined that while recovering the history of working people is important the resulting research must still be robust, asking awkward questions of the subject matter where necessary

Writing in Social Science History Harold Perkin raised a sharp criticism of the way the subject had grown, heavily influenced, he suggested, by Marxist historians focused on the cadre of the labour movement with a certain view of how working-class movements should develop and how they should not.

Yet as Ian Birchall and Norah Carlin note in a review of the work of Eric Hobsbawm, understanding how labour movements become revolutionary, or why they do not, is an important historical question for the labour historian. Hobsbawm focused on the same issue in an earlier and influential essay, ‘Trends in the British labour movement’, published in the (at the time largely unproblematically gender-specific) collection Labouring Men. In the same volume Hobsbawm reviewed his pioneering work on the concept of a labour aristocracy as one explanation for the failure of revolutionary hopes.

Perkin argued for a labour history that was written by worker historians, something which was encouraged by the History Workshop movement from the mid 1960s, and history written about workers who were not necessarily revolutionary and perhaps even reactionary. A landmark text here was the edited volume by Raphael Samuel, Village Life and Labour, where in an extended essay he wrote about working-class life in an Oxford suburb which was based on quarrying.

By the 1970s the subject of ‘labor’ history was also making significant inroads in the US and Canada, influenced by the British historians, but promoting a new layer of authoritative figures such as Herbert Gutman and David Montgomery.

With the collapse of official communism during the 1980s and defeats for labour movements in much of the world the old certainties of labour history were questioned and post-modernist categories began to have an influence. Questions of identity, ethnicity and gender started to have a more significant presence, but historians like Neville Kirk were able to demonstrate how these could be effectively encompassed in a Marxist approach to the subject.

More recent times have seen the boundaries of the subject expand further. Historians like John Breuilly and Rick Halpern have pioneered a comparative approach to labour history, which has led to studies that look at labour movements in the US, South Africa, the UK and elsewhere. Meanwhile historians such as Peter Alexander, writing on miners, and Ralph Darlington, on syndicalism,have produced pioneering works.

The future for labour history may well include further moves away from its previously Anglocentric base, but there remains work to be done on this terrain. Histories of trade unions, and what general secretaries, union executives, head offices and labour parties got up to, have become deeply unfashionable. There is a need for historians who can address these not as the Webbs or G. D. H. Cole might have done but with the new insights that E. P. Thompson, and feminist and comparative historians have brought to the subject over the last 50 years.

-Jerisha. S

“TIPS ON WRITING A PERSUASIVE ESSAY”

 

The Five-Step Writing Process for Persuasive Essays:

 

At Time4Writing, we believe the five-step writing process is the best approach to learning how to write a persuasive essay. Here are persuasive essay tips for each phase of the writing process.

 

 

1) Prewriting for the Persuasive Essay:

 

The prewriting phase of writing a persuasive essay is extremely important. During this phase, students should plan every aspect of the essay:

 

1)Choose a position. Students should think about the issue and pick the side they wish to advocate.

 

2)Understand the audience. In order to write an effective persuasive essay, the writer must understand the reader’s perspective. Is the reader undecided or inclined to favor one side or the other?

 

3)Do the research. A persuasive essay depends upon solid, convincing evidence. Don’t rely on a single source. Pull information from multiple websites and reference materials. Speak with community experts and teachers. Read and take notes. There is no substitute for knowledge of both sides of the issue.

 

4)Identify the most convincing evidence, as well as the key points for the opposing view.

 

Organizing the Persuasive Essay: Outline and Structure:

 

Next, create an outline. Organize the evidence to build the strongest possible argument. If the teacher has specified an essay structure, incorporate it into the outline. Typically, the persuasive essay comprises five or six paragraphs.

 

Persuasive Essay Outline

 

Introductory Paragraph:

 

Grab the reader’s attention by using a “hook.”

Give an overview of the argument.

Close with a thesis statement that reveals the position to be argued.

 

Body Paragraphs:

 

Each body paragraph should focus on one piece of evidence.

Within each paragraph, provide sufficient supporting detail.

 

Opposing View Paragraph:

 

Describe and then refute the key points of the opposing view.

 

Concluding Paragraph:

 

Restate and reinforce the thesis and supporting evidence.

 

2)Drafting the Persuasive Essay:

 

When writing the initial draft of a persuasive essay, consider the following suggestions:

 

The introductory paragraph should have a strong “hook” that grabs the reader’s attention. Open with an unusual fact or statistic, a question or quotation, or an emphatic statement. For example: “Driving while talking on a cell phone, even hands-free, is the equivalent of driving drunk.”

The thesis statement should leave no doubts about the writer’s position.

Each body paragraph should cover a separate point, and the sentences of each paragraph should offer strong evidence in the form of facts, statistics, quotes from experts, and real-life examples.Consider various ways to make the argument, including using an analogy, drawing comparisons, or illustrating with hypothetical situation (e.g., what if, suppose that…).

Don’t assume the audience has in-depth knowledge of the issue. Define terms and give background information.

The concluding paragraph should summarize the most important evidence and encourage the reader to adopt the position or take action. The closing sentence can be a dramatic plea, a prediction that implies urgent action is needed, a question that provokes readers to think seriously about the issue, or a recommendation that gives readers specific ideas on what they can do.

 

3)Revising the Persuasive Essay:

 

In the revision phase, students review, modify, and reorganize their work with the goal of making it the best it can be. Keep these considerations in mind:

 

Does the essay present a firm position on the issue, supported by relevant facts, statistics, quotes, and examples?

Does the essay open with an effective “hook” that intrigues readers and keeps them reading?

Does each paragraph offer compelling evidence focused on a single supporting point?

Is the opposing point of view presented and convincingly refuted?

Is the sentence structure varied? Is the word choice precise? Do the transitions between sentences and paragraphs help the reader’s understanding?

Does the concluding paragraph convey the value of the writer’s position and urge the reader to think and act?

If the essay is still missing the mark, take another look the thesis. Does it present the strongest argument? Test it by writing a thesis statement for the opposing viewpoint. In comparison, does the original thesis need strengthening? Once the thesis presents a well-built argument with a clear adversarial viewpoint, the rest of the essay should fall into place more easily.

 

 

4)Editing the Persuasive Essay:

 

Next, proofread and correct errors in grammar and mechanics, and edit to improve style and clarity. Having a friend read the essay helps writers edit with a fresh perspective.

 

5)Publishing the Persuasive Essay:

 

Sharing a persuasive essay with the rest of the class or with family and friends can be both exciting and intimidating. Learn from the experience and use the feedback to make the next essay even better.

-MEREZJA F

“WHAT IS FIELD MARKETING AND HOW CAN IT HELP YOUR BUSINESS”

 

 

 

Field marketing is a type of direct marketing that involves selling one’s service. This is done primarily by interacting with potential customers face to face.

 

Field marketers can use the personal contact they have as an advantage. This helps encourage customers to take action on their offer.

 

The goal of field marketing is not only to sell products and services. It is also to generate revenue through leads generated from prospects. In this article, we will cover everything you need to know.

 

So whenever you’re ready to dive deep into this topic, keep reading and get your notes handy.

 

 

Field Marketing Basics:

 

 

For marketing to be “field marketing”, it must occur outside of the four walls of one’s office. Field marketing can be subject to classification as either corporate or consumer field marketing. This depends on who it is targeting and what type of product/service they are selling.

 

Field marketers use a variety of tools to create connections with potential customers. Some of the ones used in their local communities are:

 

 

1.Personal contact at tradeshows or other events where people gather for similar interests (i.e., outdoor sports)

 

2.Pamphlets distributed door-to-door that offer coupons for services such as car washes

 

3)Coupons mailed out to residents in specific areas which give them discounts when they visit certain stores.

 

4.Pamphlets or postcards sent out to selected households that feature coupons for local stores and restaurants.

 

 

Field marketing is subject to use as an effective way to reach potential customers in your area. Primarily, this is a great way to reach that may not be aware of your services. However, it’s important to note what type of field marketing is best suited for your business prior to spending any money.

 

 

Which Customers Are Targeted Best By Field Marketing?

 

When it comes to field marketing, the best customer to target is one who is not currently a client of your business.

 

Typically, these prospective customers are within the same community as your storefront. They may even live nearby.

 

They probably know very little about what you do. But, they are likely to be receptive to getting information from a trusted source. For instance, a friend or neighbor.

 

 

Field marketing strategy can involve sending flyers door-to-door that list deals on certain products. Or, you can visit local neighborhoods with pamphlets promoting specific services at a discounted rate.

 

How about advertising special offers through social media channels such as Facebook groups? What about participating in religious events by passing out fliers mentioning offer discounts?

 

Field marketing is any form of advertising that relies on personal interaction with customers, usually by someone who lives in the same area as they do. It’s a great way to get your message out.

 

List shoppers and browsers alike are important to the success of any business.

 

Effective merchandising is key in attracting these different types of customers. Retailers recognize through promotional campaigns target shapers who influence their friends’ purchase decisions. These are people who share positive experiences with them.

 

Field Marketing Tips:

 

To succeed with field marketing, some things can be done right and some things can be done wrong. To succeed with field marketing, you must have a plan in place before you start going door to door. This is where mapping out neighborhoods can come into play.

 

Did you know someone living near their clients could provide an emotional connection? It’s not likely they’ll give up personal information on their neighbors. But, they may offer helpful information about places nearby businesses are located.

 

It also helps when you have a map outlining what areas will be covered. This can be how many doors will need to be knocked on within one day (i.e., 20). Be sure to factor in travel time between destinations too!

 

You should also establish trust with your customer by establishing an emotional connection to the product or service.

 

Next, advertise and brand yourself before you go into the field marketing process. This is so customers are aware of who they’re dealing with when they see someone from your company.

 

It’s helpful if this occurs through some sort of media, such as social media accounts, websites, and mailers.

 

Be knowledgeable about what type of branding will get good results for your business (or know how to find out). This may depend on whether you need people to remember you from across the street or just down the block. It also depends on where most potential clients live: city, suburb, or rural area.

 

Be aware of the potential risks or disadvantages that field marketing poses to your company and be prepared for them. You don’t want to be met with thousands of issues that you simply did not have the courage to foresee. Take your time and learn the ins and outs of field marketing.

 

Street Promotions:

 

Street promotions are a great way for marketers to get the word out about their business. A promotion could be anything from handing out flyers, coupons, or incentive cards with your contact information on them.

 

All of these things will ensure that people associate you and your brand with being fun!

 

When done right, consumers may come back in anticipation of another chance at winning.

 

Merchandising:

 

Merchandising is making sure that retail displays are attractive to customers. They require coordinating with retailers.

 

Savvy retailers will make sure that products face with the customer and well-stocked. But a marketer can negotiate special displays or particular shelf space.

 

A savvy retailer would not purchase your product unless you provide them an incentive such as negotiating bulk purchase discounts in advance. This is so they won’t lose profits when consumers buy it at higher prices later down the line!

 

The field marketist aims to cultivate his/her relationship with both companies. This includes other digital marketing professionals who work in similar fields like merchandising.

 

This is because working together, everyone wins. After all, without teamwork, the dream doesn’t work.

-MEREZJA F

“EARTH IS TRAPPING TWICE AS MUCH HEAT AS IT DID IN 2005″

 

Planet Earth is now trapping twice as much heat as it did 14 years ago, according to findings of a new study, which raise concerns about the possible acceleration of climate change.

For the study, researchers looked at data from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) instrument, which flies on several NASA Earth-observation satellites and measures how much energy the planet absorbs in the form of sunlight and how much of that it emits back into space in the form of infrared radiation.

 

The difference between the incoming and outflowing energy is called the energy imbalance, and the study found that in the period between 2005 and 2019 the imbalance doubled compared to the years before.The scientists used additional data from Argo, an international network of robotic sensors distributed all over the world’s oceans, which measure the rate at which oceans heat up. The researchers said comparing CERES data to Argo helped strengthen the findings as global oceans are known to absorb up to 90% of the excess energy trapped by the planet.”The two very independent ways of looking at changes in Earth’s energy imbalance are in really, really good agreement, and they’re both showing this very large trend,” Norman Loeb, lead author for the new study and principal investigator for CERES at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, said in a statement. “The trends we found were quite alarming in a sense,” he added.

 

Loeb and his team concluded the increased heating is a result of both naturally occurring and human-made processes. Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane in Earth’s atmosphere lead to more heat being trapped by the planet.

 

Meanwhile, the shrinking size of ice sheets, caused by the planet’s warming, leads to less of the incoming energy being reflected away from the planet’s surface.But the researchers found that a natural recurring pattern called the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is also contributing. The PDO cycle causes regular fluctuations in the temperature of the Pacific Ocean with its western parts becoming cooler and the eastern parts warming for ten years, following an opposite trend a decade after. An unusually intense PDO phase that began in about 2014 caused a reduction in cloud formation above the ocean, which also resulted in the increased absorption of incoming energy by the planet, the scientists said.

 

1. “It’s likely a mix of anthropogenic forcing and internal variability,” said Loeb, referring to the effects human activity has on the heat exchange between the Earth’s atmosphere and the surrounding space environment and the natural variations in the behavior of the planet’s ecosystem. “Over this period they’re both causing warming, which leads to a fairly large change in Earth’s energy imbalance. The magnitude of the increase is unprecedented in this record.”

EARTH:

“I only feel angry when I see waste.

“The Earth is what we all have in common.”

“Progress is impossible without change, and those who cannot change their minds cannot change anything.”

“Time spent among trees is never time wasted.”

“Away, away, from men and towns.

-MEREZJA F

POLITICAL HISTORY

 

STEVEN FIELDING:

 

During the first half of the 20th century most historians would have agreed with the maxim attributed to Sir John Seeley that: ‘History is past politics; and politics present history’. While he was a keen partisan of late Victorian British imperialism, Seeley’s assertion echoed a view, then common among many continental European intellectuals, which emphasised the supreme importance of the nation-state, with which ‘politics’ was exclusively identified. As the influential German philosopher Georg Hegel argued earlier in the 19th century, the state constituted a moral and spiritual force existing beyond the material interests of its subjects and was consequently the principal agent of historical change. This meant that political history was, to all intents and purposes, history.

 

Seeley was, moreover, not alone in believing that the study of history in British universities was a vital means through which future governors of the empire – like those mostly male, upper-class Cambridge students who attended his lectures – could learn valuable lessons. The ultimate purpose of history was, as a result, conceived as the development of the elite’s ability to rule over Queen Victoria’s subjects, be they East End dockers or Indian peasants, and to defend the empire’s integrity from external threats. Consequently, political history was kept within narrow, institutional terms, comprising the history of the state, of relations between states, and of great statesmen. Political history was, in effect, the history of the state.

 

Most of these Victorian assumptions unravelled during the latter half of the 20th century. Even so, when many today speak of ‘political history’ they appear to imagine that it still just comprises the study of Westminster and Whitehall and of those men – and occasionally women – who have steered the ship of state. This ‘high’ or elite or some may even say ‘traditional’ political history continues to be written. It has, however, been complemented by other ways of thinking about the subject. This ‘new’ political history reflects changes within the discipline of history resulting from the transformed context in which it is now studied; and echoes the very different ways in which the state and politics are perceived at the start of the 21st century.

 

The most important challenge to ‘traditional’ political history came with the ‘democratisation’ of society, that is, the extension of the franchise to all adults and the creation of the welfare state. This promoted the belief that government should reflect the interests of the people, rather than those of the ruling elite or the state itself. The expansion of higher education also saw previously dispossessed groups enter universities as students and teachers who then criticised established views of the state. Socialists and feminists, enjoying a uniquely loud voice during the 1960s and 1970s, outlined alternative ways of practising politics, hoping to develop more popular forms of participation in decision-making.

 

This radical wave had largely dissipated by the 1980s, but it left an imprint on academic conceptions of the purpose of ‘politics’. The succeeding neo-liberalism of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan also advanced criticisms of the state and curtailed much of its influence in the name of ‘freedom’. Thus, by the end of the 20th century, there was much talk of the decline of the nation-state: the institutions that had once defined politics appeared to have been bypassed and undermined by ‘globalisation’ on the one hand and consumerist, empowered individuals on the other.

 

As a result, political history suffered a significant decline in status within the wider discipline. It was pushed from the centre of most narratives thanks to the proliferation of newer areas of interest, most notably social history and its offshoots, which stressed the importance of popular experience and highlighted oppressed groups’ struggles against the ruling elite. If Seeley had assumed agency resided only in the state, others now believed in the potential of the ‘people’ to be active in the making of their own histories.

 

Consequently, since the 1970s historians have increasingly eschewed subjects associated with representative politics in favour of culture, consumption, gender, race and sexuality. This shift, from concerns with the body politic to an interest in the politics of the body, from the public to the private, highlights once neglected issues of importance. It nonetheless threatens to distort a complete understanding of the dynamics of historical change by exaggerating the importance of popular potential and diminishing the significance of the state and other institutions of representative politics, most obviously political parties

 

What is referred to as the ‘new’ political history is an attempt to engage with some of these developments without losing sight of the power of politics to shape society. This has, in fact, been a matter of abiding interest to a minority of historians long unhappy with the established forms of political history. Thus, when in 1944 G. M. Trevelyan defined social history as ‘the history of a people with the politics left out’, this was not because he endorsed such a negative classification. In fact Trevelyan thought it was a necessary expedient to compensate for political histories which, he claimed, had been ‘written without reference to their social environment.

 

Few political historians consciously rejected the importance of this ‘social environment’. Even Geoffrey Elton, that doyen of ‘traditional’ political history, declared in 1970: ‘All the forms of history that have existed belong to the world which the political historian inhabits all things are relevant to politics’.They were nonetheless unwilling to invest much thought into the nature of the relationship between their conception of politics and wider society and culture. During the interwar period, some innovative historians of Parliament did nonetheless look beyond Westminster and tried to account for the ‘social foundations’ of politics, most notably Lewis Namier.

 

Matters changed in the post-war period. Even before 1939, diplomatic and international history had annexed much of political history’s former territory, meaning that it was conceived increasingly in domestic and especially electoral terms. For the extension of the franchise had turned political parties into highly significant subjects. Moreover, given that the parties were the point at which society and formal politics came into collision, some kind of systematic thinking about the relationship between the two now became necessary.

 

The ‘Nuffield School’ of contemporary political sociology influenced many of those interested in the history of electoral politics in the 1960s and 1970s. This advanced the view that social and economic forces beyond politicians’ control had established the terms of party competition. Leaders might exploit electoral opportunities presented by these deeper influences but were incapable of doing more than associate their parties with – usually class – identities or interests with which voters already adhered. Thus, for example, the rise of the Labour party and fall of the Liberals could be seen as the by-product of the expansion of the manual working class. The role of representative politics was merely to manage such phenomena.

 

Not all political historians embraced this fatalistic view. Most notably Maurice Cowling in a series of remarkable monographs published in the late 1960s and early 1970s took on labour and social historians who were starting to emphasise the role of the working class in Westminster politics. In particular he debated the causes of the 1867 Reform Act, rebutting the proposition that it was the product of working-class pressure, arguing instead that Disraeli extended the franchise to skilled male workers because it suited his Parliamentary purposes.

 

Cowling did not claim that Disraeli operated in a social vacuum but argued that political decisions could only be advanced through the political structure, that is ‘through existing concentrations of power’, during which process they would inevitably be ‘transformed in order to be made tolerable to ruling opinion’. Elsewhere he maintained that it was the ‘language they used, the images they formed, the myths they left’, which allowed political leaders to shape what others thought. Politicians, even with the arrival of a fully democratic franchise, tried ‘not merely to say what electors wanted to hear but to make electors want them to say what they wanted to say in the first place’ – and they usually succeeded.

 

Cowling was mistrusted by ‘traditional’ political historians for his methods and disliked by social and labour historians for his conclusions. As a result, the implications of his work have taken some time to be properly appreciated, in particular his gesturing to the need to integrate the relative autonomy of politics to shape popular thinking with the need to take account of the means by which the social and cultural position of politics structured its possibilities. It was only during the 1990s that (consciously or not) political historians from many differing perspectives – but all of them unhappy with the deterministic social approach and critical of the narrowness of traditional political history – began to emphasise the constructive role of politics within a nuanced understanding of its cultural context.

 

If some believed in the political potential of the ‘people’ they also played due regard to the means by which politics – in the shape of the state or parties – could manipulate or even create identities in a way amenable to their purposes. Much recent work on modern British political history now operates within this new paradigm, emphasising the significance of the press, posters, public meetings, printed propaganda and even popular fictions, thereby focussing on the interactive relationship between politics and the people. Some have even taken the hallmark topics of traditional political history – such as leadership – and breathed into them new life, most notably Philip Williamson’s study of Stanley Baldwin which focuses on the constructed nature of Baldwin’s public personality, and the resonances it generated within popular culture which he was then able to exploit.

 

Political history may now be but one of a number of ways of understanding the past but it is a more diverse and dynamic subject than ever it was. It more accurately reflects the true nature of politics which, as the future Prime Minister Harold Macmillan noted of one 1950s Cabinet, could embrace topics ‘ranging from Homosexuality to the price of milk.

– MEREZJA F

Drawing is a form of visual art. In this one person uses various drawing tools to mark the outside of the paper or another wet spot. Equipment includes graphite charcoal, pen and ink, ink brushes, wax colored charcoal, paint sticks, charcoal, chalk, pastels, erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silver dot) and electronic drawing.

Drawing is often used in business description, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing in addition to its many art forms. A quick, barely hand-drawn, usually not thought of as a finished work, sometimes called a sketch. An artist who practices or works on a technical map can be called a trapper, trappersmen or tradesmen.

Drawing is one of the main forms of expression in the visual arts. It is generally based on the marking of lines and areas of tone marked on paper / other materials. It is in this paper or material that the exact representation of the visual world is expressed on a flat surface. Traditional drawings are monochromatic, or at least slightly lighter in color, while modern color-pencil drawings can access or cross the line between drawing and paint.

In Western terms, drawings differ from paint, although identical media are often used in both jobs. Dry media, such as chalk, which are commonly associated with drawing, can be used for pastel coloring. The map can be drawn with a liquid medium, brushes or pens. Similar materials can be used in both drawing and paint. Painting usually involves the application of liquid paint on prepared canvas or panels. But sometimes an initial map is drawn first on the same support as mentioned above.

In fields outside art, technical drawings or plans of buildings, machinery, circuitry and other things are often called “drawings” Technical drawings or plans of buildings, machinery, circuitry and other things outside the field of art are often called “drawings”. Even if they are transferred to another medium by printing.

Drawing on contacts

Drawing is one of the oldest forms of human expression. There is evidence that this predates written communication. Drawing is believed to have been used as a special form of communication before the use of written language, as evidenced by cave and rock paintings painted about 30,000 years ago (Upper Paleolithic chronology).

Drawing in manuscripts

Before paper became widely available, 12th-century monks in European monasteries used intricate drawings to make envelopes and illuminated manuscripts illustrated on parchment. Drawing is widely used in the field of science as a method of discovery, understanding and interpretation.

Drawing in science

In 1609, astronomer Galileo Galilei illustrated the phases of the moon’s with his laboratory telescope maps. In 1924, geologist Alfred Weckner used illustrations to illustrate the appearance of continents.

Drawing as an expression of art

Drawing is used to express one’s creativity. So it is important in the art world. For most of history, drawing has been the basis of art practice. Initially, artists repeatedly used wood tablets to produce their drawings. Following the widespread availability of paper in the 14th century, the use of drawing in the arts increased. During this time, drawing was generally used as a tool for thought and inquiry, as a research medium as artists prepared for their final work.

Newsletter and typewriter can be useful for training and sketches. Tracking paper is used to test the semi-finished map and to change the shape from one sheet to another. Cartridge paper is the basic type of paper sold in strips. Bristol board Bristol board and why heavy acid-free boards with soft results are often used to paint fine detail.

The basic tools are a drawing board or desk, pencil sharpener and eraser, and ink spying paper for ink drawing. Other tools used include circular compass, gauge, and set square. Material that stabilizes dyes is used to prevent from pencil and crayon markings.

Shading is the technique of differentiating the tone values ​​on paper to represent the shadow of the object and the location of the shadows. Focusing on the reflected light, shadows and highlights will result in the most realistic reality of the film.Shading techniques that introduce texture to drawing include hatching and stipling.A light edge near a dark background is easily visible to the eye and appears almost horizontally above the surface.

The blending of film is an important work in creating an interesting work of artistic merit. The artist plans to feature a piece of art to communicate ideas and feelings with the audience. Composition can determine the focus of art and it ends up with an aesthetic appeal and evocative, coherent wholeness.

Psychology is the discipline of study and application of the scientific study of the functions and behaviors of the mind. A professional practitioner or researcher in this field is called a psychologist. Psychologists are also classified as social or behavioral scientists.

The basic study of psychology consists of intuition, cognitive ability, attention, mental or emotional speed, natural motivation, brain functions, personality, behavior and intrinsic interactions. Some, especially profound psychologists, consider the mind to be unconscious.

Vocabulary edit

Psychology is a term derived from the Greek word “logia”. Its meaning is ‘studying the mind’. psukhē means ‘breath, spirit, soul’ -λογία. Logia means ‘research’ which is also about the syllabus discipline and scientific human and animal psychology and behavior in an academy. When used from time to time against or in addition to a scientific method, it depends on symbolic interpretation and critical analysis. Nevertheless it is less important than the social sciences such as social sciences.

Psychological wisdom is used in various fields of human activity. Practices in everyday life, ie family, education, occupation and treatment of mental health problems are explored.  Psychological research includes subfields and its applications. Such fields are: human development, sports, health, industry, media, and law. Psychology is the integration of research into the social sciences, the natural sciences, and the arts, literature, and humanities.

History

Psychological research philosophically goes back in time to learn about ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, China, India, and Persia. In 1802, the French psychologist Pierre Capanis wrote and pioneered an essay on biological psychology: Rapports du physique et du moral de l’homme. Its meaning is: on the relations of the physical and moral aspects of man. Kapanis argues that material interpretation is based on previous biological studies, but possesses both the nervous system and the psyche.

With the publication of Alzheimer’s Visual Studies in 1021, it is time to go back in time to the details of the psychoanalytic method. As a result, psychology began as an experimental field for an independent study in 1879. German physicist Wilhelm Wundt established one of the first laboratories. It was founded at the University of Leipzig, Germany, exclusively for psychological research. Wund is therefore hailed as the “Father of Psychology”.

1879 is therefore sometimes considered the “birthday” of psychology. The book The Psychological Principles, published in 1890 by William James, an American philosopher and psychologist, set the stage for various questions. So psychologists continued to focus on it for many more years.

Various schools of thought have argued that all or the majority of human behavior should be described using a particular model as a guiding principle. But even its popularity has waned over the years. Some psychologists are those who insist on a particular school of thought and ignore others. However, it is argued that access to understanding the mind is paramount, and that mutual theories are not considered necessary.

Psychology gives us the maturity to accept many theories and make us ‘pannalat aggregator’. All it has to do is attract knowledge from other fields. Only then can psychological rarity be explained and understood. In addition, psychologists make extensive use of three types of hypotheses. According to CS Pierce, inference, synthesis, extraction, and (emergence of a general theory of interpretation) are the norm. , Propose considering the benefit of those who seek it. In most areas of psychology, research is conducted scientifically according to standards.

Experimental psychology research is conducted in a laboratory with controlled conditions. This method is used to understand behavior in a scientific way.

Experimental analysts use different types of measurements, compliance rate, reaction time, and various psychometric measurements. Experiments tend to evaluate process relationships (both in the normative approach) and (in the syntactic approach) to test specific temporal semantic theories. They help researchers establish relationships between behavior and context.

The philosopher Thomas Kuhn in 1962 was in a position to make a pre-grammatical quote about psychology as a whole, often referring to psychological critiques of psychology as “a confused” science. Physics. Maturing as a chemical is not theoretically consistent with science. So psychologists and philosophers have tried to solve that problem in various ways.d

This is because parts of psychology depend on surveys and quizzes that are research methods. It is unscientific. (Survey research is highly correlated) critics complained. What psychologists diligently explore as other rarities is that personality, counting, and arousal cannot be measured directly. It is often mentioned that self-reports have problems with it too!

Ecology or biological environment refers to the natural environment in which all living and non-living elements around an organism or population, and as a result all factors affecting the survival, development, evolution, or aggregation of a particular organism or population.

The biological environment can be explored at different levels, from the microscopic level to the global level. As well as many different environments depending on the nature of the environment, such as the oceanic environment, atmospheric environment, and terrestrial environment. Assuming that each individual organism has an environment of its own, it can be known that there are innumerable biological environments.

Earth

The word environment can be distinguished by comparing it with the terms social environment and economic environment. In many cases, the term environment refers to the natural environment. The environment can also be referred to as the environment.

Ecological interaction

All surviving organisms have adapted to their environment. Factors such as temperature, light, humidity, soil, nutrients, etc. can affect them, regardless of race or environment. However organisms also change their positions and systems. Through the history of our planet, many changes that have taken place in the long run are very significant. For example the incorporation of oxygen into our atmosphere. Anaerobic microorganisms break down carbon dioxide during their metabolic process to produce oxygen. This was followed by the development of plants and animals that use oxygen.

Environmental studies

Humans can be seen feeding on wildlife living in the ecosystem in a park. Ecology is the study of the interactions that take place in the biological environment. Part of this study examines the impact of human activities on the environment.

Ecology is a part of ecology and biology. However, the impact of humans on the environment is often misunderstood as ecology. Ecology is a very broad field of study. It contains a systematic study of the interaction between man and the environment. It explores the natural environment, the structured environment and the social environment.

 

Ecology is a major social and philosophical movement. This seeks to minimize the negative impact of human activities on the biological environment and to compensate for the effects of such impacts. Ecologists are particularly concerned about the impact on the natural environment. The most important of these are climate change, species extinction, environmental pollution, and the presence of natural forests that are not affected by external influences.One of the disciplines is to study the biological environment, including geographical information.

Environmental degradation

Environmental degradation is a major threat to world life. The environment around us is getting polluted day by day. The lifespan of world life is shrinking due to these pollution. This prevents a good healthy life. Human activities play a major role in polluting the environment. It has been realized that the best way to protect the environment is to remove pollution and have a good healthy life.

Population and environment

Thirty crore faces, said Bharathi. Bharat, which had a population of 30 crore during Bharati’s period, now has a population of over one hundred crore, increasing the population living area in the stable area of ​​the country. For this, forests and arable lands are being destroyed and houses and other buildings are being erected. More and more urban areas are appearing. All these pollute the environment to a great extent. Although the human race is educated and aware of the dangers of these, it does not exaggerate the notion that this is one of the social changes that can be brought about. This is likely to pose a great danger to the human race.

Environmental improvement measures

Awareness is created about the consequences of human activities for their descendants and society in the future, and steps are taken to improve it.

The New Seven Wonders of the World (New 7 Wonders of the World, 2000-2007) is an update on the idea of ​​the Seven Wonders of the World with a list of new wonders. The New7 Wonders Foundation, a private company, organized a celebrity poll, and the winners were announced on July 7, 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal.

The Swiss-based New seven Wonders Foundation reports that more than 100 million people have registered to vote online or over the phone. This poll is considered “absolutely unscientific” because there is no way to prevent one person from registering multiple votes. According to John Jogby, founder and current chairman / CEO of Jogby International, a Washington – based poll firm, the New7Wonders Foundation has conducted “the largest poll ever recorded in history.”

The project received a wide range of official reactions. Some countries sought to garner more votes for their finals, while others ignored or criticized the contest. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), which initially supported the New 7 Wonders Foundation at the beginning of the campaign and provided advice on the selection of miracles, withdrew from the organization in 2007.

Additional monuments were supported by websites dedicated to them or by strong support advertisements on national websites. National leaders and celebrities in many countries have encouraged the New 7 Wonders campaign. New7Wonders reports that the number of registered voters and the geographical and cultural diversity of the registered voters show that its mission of global dialogue and cultural exchange has been achieved.

Founded in 2001, the New7Wonders Foundation operates with private donations and broadcasting rights and does not accept any public money or taxpayer money. Following the announcement of the decision, New7 Wonders stated that it had not received any returns and was able to recoup some of its investment.

Bernard Weber, chairman of the New7Wonders Foundation, called the referendum on the New Seven Wonders of the World the first global democratic process in human history. The Foundation launched a similar competition in 2007 called the New7Wonders of Nature, and applications were accepted until November 11, 2011. New7Wonders Cities is a project currently in progress. The referendum will be held until January 2014.

Herodotus (484 BC – 425 BC) and Callimachus (305 – 240 BC) go back in time to think of the seven wonders of the world, including the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Hanging Garden of Babylon, the Statue of Zeus in Ephesus, Ephesus The list includes the Temple of Artemis, the Maserati Monument in Halicarnassus, the Colossus of Rhodes and the Alexandria Lighthouse. Only the Great Pyramid of Giza still stands. The other six were destroyed by an earthquake, fire, or other cause

According to New7 Wonders’ Milestones page, the project was launched in September 1999 by Bernard Weber, a Canadian film director and pilot based in Switzerland. The project’s website was launched in 2001. Weber donated $ 700 to a site operating from Canada. To be included in this new list, miracles must be man-made, completed by the year 2000, and preserved in an acceptable way. As of November 24, 2005, 177 monuments were under consideration.

As of January 1, 2006, there are only 21 sites on the list, with a team of six of the world’s foremost architects from five continents, including Saga Hadith, Caesar Belle, Tado Anto, Harry Seattler, Aziz Diobe, and Jung Ho Chang, a former UNESCO leader. New7Wonders said it was selected by Director General Professor Petrico Meyer. The remains of the Seven Old Wonders of the World, the Giza Pyramids, were removed from the poll and the list was reduced to 20, with the Giza Pyramid being awarded the prestigious New 7 Wonders Eligibility.

The project decided the reasons for each final choice, such as the diligence of the Great Wall of China, the love for the Taj Mahal, and the awe of the Easter Island statues. A top 10 list, including 7 victory symbols in between, as well as the Acropolis, Easter Island, and the Eiffel Tower, was published with points. Former UNESCO Director-General Petrico Meyer was the individual chairman of the project’s expert panel. The New 7 Wonders is not affiliated with UNESCO.

 

Organizers said the primary goal of the campaign was to promote global exchange and admiration between cultures. In addition, the New7Wonders created a so-called “World Memory”, which means 7 things that everyone around the world will remember and share. New7Wonders also seeks to use a portion of the proceeds from competition between world-renowned monuments, future polls, related businesses, and voter database usage, [20] to build or support various recovery projects around the world.

Raising awareness about the world’s unique cultural sites has always been a goal of New7Wonders. Newsweek and MSNBC reported on July 5, 2007, “It would be wonderful to cultivate this feeling.”

The honours of war are a set of privileges that are granted to a defeated army during their surrender pomp. This honours symbolises the bravery of the defeated army and grew to a custom during thee age early modern warfare.

When full honour of war are granted the army can March-out with its flag flying, drum beats out and beyonets fixed. During the occasion the Musketman matches on the both tye ends of the musket balls and keep it in their mouth which takes place during the matchlock era. When they are marching out they can play any music of their choice which is customarily an enemy tune. Yet, there is no need for the defeated army to select an enemy tune. The British Army at the battles of saratoga play the tune of the British Geranadiers.

After the March out the defeated army will arrange their arms and they will give any of teh government property to the victor, however the officers the take their own possessions. The defeated army can also take couple of cannons with them and also along with the symbolic supply of ammunition.

It was common for the commanders to stack the honours of war in retaliation for some other incidents. The American’s refused the honours of war when they surrendered after the Seige of Charleston. When declining the surrender of British Army at Yorktown a year later the American general George Washington insisted that the same honours will be provided for the surrendering Army as wore granted to the Garrison of Charles Town. As a result the British army had to March with flags and their band play was “A British or German March”

This Honours of war is considered to be a symbol of valiant defense. Therefore the Victorious general can also refuse to give the honours of war for the surrendering army if the general feels that the general feels that their enemies had given up too easily. For example, after the death of British Commander who was killed by the shot of Cannonball at the Battle of Fort Oswego his replacement quickly decided to give up and so the French general refuse to grant the honours of war as the general Little hales had not put up enough of a fight against them.

The honours of war became traditional during the early modern warfare, when the blockades were more common which made it difficult to corner the defeated army after the victory. However this practice continued in the age of industrial welfare.

After the seige of Metz the Prussians offered the honours of war to the French but the French general refused to talk it and in world war II the Germans offered the honours of war to the French general at the seige of lille. The British granted the Honours of War to the defeated Italian Army at the Battle of Amba Alagi.

Exercise helps people lose weight and lower the risk of some disease . exercise requalrly lowers a person risk of developing some disease including obesity type 

Exercise also can help keep your body at a healthy weight.exercise can help a person age well.

Exercise increase energy levels exercise improve both the strength and the effective CY of your cardiovascular system to get the oxygen and nutrients to your muscles

 

Exercise improve brain function

Reduce feeling of anxiety and depression

Exercise strengthens your heart and improve your circulation .the increased blood flow raises the oxygen levels in your body .

Yoga

Yoga is Plain and simple, yoga is the union between the body, mind, and spirit. That’s the origins of yoga and that’s how it is practiced in the East,” says Miriam Amselem, yogi of nearly 30 years. “It is a place of discovery and connection with your own body that encompasses balance, proper stretching techniques, breathing, meditation, centering the mind and spirit that’s yoga in its real form.” However, you’ll find that every type of yoga has a slightly different definition or interpretation. That is why we see things like goat yoga popping up alongside traditional forms like Iyengar and ashtanga.But above all, yoga ignores the “no pain, no gain” philosophy that’s rife in fitness communities. Yoga is not a place to push through, go beyond your edge, or ignore your body. The primary tenet is ahimsa, or non-harming, and that starts with choosing the right type of yoga for you.

Ashtanga Yoga

Ashtanga yoga consists of six series of specific poses taught in order. Each pose and each series is “given” to a student when their teacher decides they have mastered the previous one. This is a very physical, flow-style yoga with spiritual components  you might remember it as the type Madonna did in the late ’90s. Ashtanga teachers give hands-on adjustments, and in Mysore-style studios (named after the city where the practice’s guru, Sri K. Pattabhi Jois, lived and taught), each student has a unique practice.

Yin Yoga

Yin yoga is a slower style of yoga in which poses are held for a minute and eventually up to five minutes or more. It is a type of yoga with roots in martial arts as well as yoga, and it’s designed to increase circulation in the joints and improve flexibility. The practice focuses on the hips, lower back, and thighs and uses props like bolsters, blankets, and blocks to let gravity do the work, helping to relax. While other forms of yoga focus on the major muscle groups, yin yoga targets the body’s connective tissues.

Power Yoga

Like vinyasa yoga, power yoga traces its roots to ashtanga but is less regimented and is more open to interpretation by individual teachers. “Power yoga is generally more active and is done at a quicker pace than other styles of yoga,” says Chun. Power yoga can be hot yoga or not, and some studios offer a mix of power and slow flow yoga to ease students into this intense practice. Fans of power yoga may also like buti yoga, which is just as physical but also includes tribal dance, primal m asana for glowing skin. It helps in improving skin texture and quality by promoting blood circulation towards your face.

Mountain Pose

there is a lot going on, even though it may look like just standing. The heels root down, the muscles of the legs are engaged, the bones are stacked with the shoulders directly over the hips, the shoulder blades slide down the back, and the crown of the head rises. Don’t forget to breathe.

 

Yoga is a popular exercise that focuses on breathing, strength, and flexibility. Practicing yoga may provide many physical and mental health benefits.

 

By : G Gnana Priya dharshini

Our mother Earth showers so much love and warmth for the human beings living on it. It is a beautiful world where everything is balanced and cheerful. Several things live together and creates a positive environment which includes trees, animals, birds, human beings, micro-organisms. Trees provide us the necessary oxygen, food, wood, etc. for the survival of any human being or animal. The benefits we get from plants are very hard to ignore. Environmental balance needs to be maintained for healthy lifestyle. On Earth, every organism, human being, plants are there for a reason.

Without plants, Pollution level and global warming increases which creates several problems with each passing day. Many industries set up their factories by cutting down the forest and trees for their own benefit. It creates an imbalance between nature and human beings. Global warming occurs due to deforestation. It creates a whole in the ozone layer through which ultraviolet rays comes on the Earth. It can cause severe diseases like skin cancer, damage the eyes, etc.

By adopting the method of afforestation, we can contribute to the Earth by saving it from the upcoming disaster. Afforestation is a great way to heal mother Earth by planting more and more trees and spreading awareness about the harmful effects of cutting down the trees. It is our duty to be more responsible and create a healthy life for our upcoming generation. They too deserve to live a healthy life without being scared and hiding their faces under mask from the Global warming and Pollution. Life is all about accepting the changes and moving on. Development is necessary for the world but cutting down the trees in not any solution. We need to innovate new ideas through which nobody gets any kind of harm and can coexist on this plane

Water pollution, or water pollution, refers to the loss of purity by human activities such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater. Water pollution is caused by changes in the physical, chemical, and biological properties of water. This affects the animals and plants that live in those water bodies.

Natural phenomena such as volcanic eruptions, alkaloids, storms, and earthquakes also cause major changes in water quality and its ecological conditions. However, water pollution is the state in which the water is polluted by human activities and becomes unfit for human use and life. There are many causes for water pollution and it is of many natures.

The main causes of water pollution can be divided into two categories depending on the source of the pollution. The first is called point-source pollution. The other is non-point source pollution. The first type includes contaminants formed by mixing pollutants with water from a single source.

The second type of pollution does not originate from a single site. It is formed by pollutants that accumulate little by little over a wide area. So there is a high level of vulnerability to humans and animals.The Government of Tamil Nadu Water Resources Authority has released a map showing the effects of polluted water on the human body. This map gives the effects on each part of the human body. Water is polluted due to excessive discharge of essential human wastes.

Microbial contaminants

 Effect

Infectious diseases in humans (eg bacteria, viruses and worms), Aquatic organisms die.

Oxygen deficient pollutants.

Water is polluted due to the depletion of oxygen in the water due to the effect of heat. Generally, the oxygen level in the water should be 8 to 15 mg / liter.

Effect

Freshwater bacteria, which are microorganisms in the water, can die due to lack of oxygen.Thus destroying aquatic organisms such as fish. (E.g .: Sewage, Animal Residue & Sewage, Mixing of Paper Factory Sewage with Freshwater)

Inorganic chemical pollutants

Water is polluted by the mixing of industrial effluents.

Effect

Cannot be used for drinking water and agriculture,Skin cancers occur, affecting the nervous system, liver, kidneys;Iron rusts.Yields are declining in agriculture.

Organic chemical pollutants

Water is polluted due to mixing of industrial effluents, household sewage and urine stagnation.

Effect

Affects the nervous system, causes cancer, Fish and creatures are affected. E.g .: oil, petrol, plastic, laundry detergent, pesticides

Contaminants caused by input

Landslides and sand erosion cause changes in water quality.

Effect

Changes occur in the food chain. The water capacity decreases due to the deposition of sediments and sand particles in the lake and reservoirs. Ocean acidification, Ocean temperature variation Nutrition & Biodiversity Reduction

Methods of preventing water pollution

• Reducing the amount of sewage water
• Complete cessation of deforestation
• Liquids such as oil and gasoline should be
• prevented from mixing with water
• Reducing mercury excretion
• Termination of mining rehearsal
• Chemical & Chemical Cleaning of the Environment
• Fighting global warming / global warming

Medicinal herbs have been used around the world since ancient times to treat diseases. These have been found to be used not only by humans but also by animals.It is known that in case of diarrhea, allergies, etc., the tiger does not look for prey but only certain plants and fasts until it is exhausted.

Traditional Indian medicine, Siddha, Ayurveda, Chinese and Tibetan medicine have given priority to medicinal herbs. The basic premise of all traditional medicine is how food is created for the needs of living things in the world, as well as medicines for the diseases that can cause them.

Before using these herbs directly, you need to know some details.

In Siddha and Ayurvedic systems, not only the characteristics of the plants, but also the ‘transcendental forces’ embedded in these plants according to the planetary position at certain times are considered to be the most important attribute. Therefore, the timing of collecting these plants for medicine, the body cleansing of the collector, the internal cleansing, the things to be pronounced while collecting and preparing the medicine, etc. should be known by the selected specialist.

Before receiving the benefits of many herbs, the antidote must be removed so that those benefits can be obtained directly in the required amount. For example, pepper is something we normally use in our diet. But before using it for medicine, the pepper should be soaked in fermented whey for 3 hours and dried to remove the antiseptics (according to the medical – toxic).

Herbs are usually free of side effects. We also use many herbs in our daily diet. But since there are many subtleties to be followed when using in medical methods, it is best to follow the guidance of the chosen expert to achieve the full benefit of the herbs.

Some of the medicinal plants we are using in our daily life:

Coriander

This is also a good tonic to stimulate appetite and reduce bile. Cures fever, colds, coughs, by the way, arthritis, neurasthenia. Reduce blood sugar and cure high blood pressure, gallstones and epilepsy. Mental strength is great. Peace of mind, giving sleep. Reduces bad breath, toothache and gingivitis.

Curry leaves

Good tonic, diarrhea, sputum, fever, irritability, liver disorders will disappear. Relieves bile and heats the body. Curry leaves are also good for stimulating the mind. Curry leaves can cure nausea, diarrhea caused by diarrhea and chronic fever. Curry leaves help to cure insanity caused by excess bile.

Mint

Good tonic will cure urinary problem, indigestion, fever. Excellent laxative. Mint greens also contain water, protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber, phosphorus, calcium, iron, vitamin A, nicotinic acid, riboflavin and thiamine.

Omavalli

The best cough medicine. If you eat 5 leaves as it is, nasal congestion, dry throat and cough will disappear immediately. Acts as quickly as the famous cough medical. Good tonic, eliminates all ailments. Ideal for jaundice, ulcers, leprosy, elephantiasis, diarrhea, neurasthenia, memory etc. Ten leaves at a time is enough.

Thoothuvalai

Good for relieving neurasthenia, clearing bronchitis and skin diseases. Ten leaves at a time is enough to make it the best tonic for children’s brain development and memory development. Messenger is also good for deafness, itching, relaxation, etc.

These are the traditional medicinal plants that ar used by us for our good health.

Gratitude has a greater impact on our lives than we think. In this article we will look at what positive psychology has to say about the habit of giving thanks. Related article: “Gratitude has a greater impact on our lives than we think. Let’s see in this article what positive psychology says about the habit of giving thanks.Every year, on different dates, the United States and Canada celebrate Thanksgiving, originally called Thanksgiving.

Americans celebrate it on the last Thursday in November, on Canadian soil, the second Monday in October. Its Origin In Plymouth, in 1621, a group of pilgrims shared their autumn harvest with the Vampanok Indians, thanks to whom they were taught farming and hunting techniques.

The celebration of reconciliation and gratitude between pilgrims and Native Americans lasted three days.Many years later, in 1863, President Abraham Lincoln declared that distant event a national holiday to be celebrated on the last Thursday in November. However, it was not until 1941 that it was officially established by the North American Congress under President Franklin Roosevelt.

To this day, this tradition includes meeting at the table as a family and having a turkey for dinner, fried or baked, which is the main dish; In addition, salads, breads and cakes work well with it. That night, families enjoy a special moment where each member shares their blessings and gives thanks for it.

From an ethical and philosophical point of view, gratitude is defined as a moral virtue that refers to good behavior (McCallock, Gilbotrick, Emmons and Larson, 2001); According to the Royal Spanish Academy, this is a sense of value that leads us to reconsider the benefits we have been given or wanted to do. However, gratitude develops in us more than wanting to reconsider a good deed.

Positive Psychology is the scientific study of all that provides psychological well-being, beginning research in the late 1990s on the effects of gratitude, by Robert Emmons of the University of California and Michael McCullough of the University of Miami. This study involves creating three groups that are approximately assigned with the indication of having a weekly diary. The first group should write in their journal the things they are thankful for; Second, he would write everything that made them angry; The third group will focus on neutral events. Ten weeks later, those who wrote only the approvals that the results revealed were in better health than the rest of the participants.

Northrup (2012) says that when we look at something with gratitude, no matter how small, we maintain that gratitude for 15 to 20 seconds, as our body undergoes various subtle and beneficial physiological changes, for example: lowering stress levels and strengthening the immune system; Better blood flow;

The heartbeat synchronizes and breathing deepens, thus increasing the amount of oxygen in the tissues.Cultivating gratitude requires will and discipline just like any other activity, so continuous training produces physical and emotional benefits. In this way, the grateful can see the positivity even in moments of suffering, evaluating these elements to integrate with their existence.

So gratitude includes a balanced view of the positive and negative aspects of the experience (Moyano, 2011). Facing life situations, the reflection of gratitude can be an adaptive psychological strategy, i.e., an ability to adapt to such situations, as well as an important development in which the person can positively interpret their everyday experiences.

You can start by spending a few minutes before you go to sleep, thinking about everything that happened to you during the day, maybe for a meeting with your friends, for having a coat that protects you from the cold when you leave home, for the message that keeps you in a good mood, for family, that you are alive and healthy. For all of those experiences and decisions that led you to this moment; Because, even from the bad experiences you learn, you get mature, they strengthen your character and prepare you to make better decisions tomorrow. As long as identifying the blessings around you is part of you, you can do this practice whenever you want.

Not only does it build a good relationship with you and others, but thanksgiving in a real and honest way opens the door to better health. So give thanks every day, beyond the second Monday in October or the last Thursday in November.

Nazca Lines

Atlantis may be a myth, but the mysterious Nazca Lines are real. This majestic geography of arid coastal Peru depicts spiders, monkeys, plants and other artifacts. They date back to about 500 B.C. But they are much appreciated by the wind (although everything can be seen from the ground). No one knows why prehistoric Nazca culture went in an attempt to create Earth Cliffs, although they may have had a ceremonial role or may have been associated with stars in the sky.

Loch Ness

Beautiful Loch Ness is remarkable even without the monster sights that have become a global name. This lake, located in the Scottish Highlands, is the largest Scottish Loch. It reaches a depth of 755 feet (230 m) and covers an area of ​​21.8 square miles (56.4 sq km). This mammoth size may have been part of leading to rumors of a large beast lurking in the lake. Loch Ness Monster first made headlines in an article in 1933, which suggested that a disturbance between the ducks on the surface of the lake might be a fight. However, this was enough to provoke rumors, especially in 1934 when a photo of a long-necked lake monster was released.

Savinda

According to Mexican tribes, this place is the center of the intersection of the real and other worlds. This is where incredible events that are difficult for a modern person to understand take place. Savinda is interested in many treasure hunters. Although the treasure has not been found there until now. Seekers attribute their failures to other world powers.

Yonaguni Pyramids

In Japan, near the island of Yonaguni, mysterious underwater pyramids were discovered. They are causing great controversy among modern scientists. It is not yet understood whether the construction was an event, or whether the pyramids were man-made. During numerous studies, scientists have been able to establish the approximate age of objects – they are over 10 thousand years old. If it is possible to prove that buildings were erected by unknown civilization, then the whole of humanity

Stonehenge

All the people of the planet know about this place. It symbolizes its mystery, magical beginnings, and myths.The Stonehenge Megalithic System is about a hundred meters in diameter, located in the Salisbury Plain. In this sense, the stones are arranged in a circle and surrounded by an earthen tower and a moat. At the very center is an altar made of sandstone. Until now, scientists have not been able to determine what this structure was built for and how the ancient people used it. But here are suggestions that magical rites were performed or that it was an ancient laboratory.