Facebook, American company offering online social networking services. Facebook was founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg, Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes, all of whom were students at Harvard University. Facebook became the largest social network in the world, with more than one billion users as of 2012, and about half that number were using Facebook every day. The company’s headquarters are in Menlo Park, California.

Access to Facebook is free of charge, and the company earns most of its money from advertisements on the Web site. New users can create profiles, upload photos, join a preexisting group, and start new groups. The site has many components, including Timeline, a space on each user’s profile page where users can post their content and friends can post messages; Status, which enables users to alert friends to their current location or situation; and News Feed, which informs users of changes to their friends’ profiles and status. Users can chat with each other and send each other private messages. Users can signal their approval of content on Facebook with the Like button, a feature that also appears on many other Web sites.The attractiveness of Facebook stems in part from cofounder Zuckerberg’s insistence from the very beginning that members be transparent about who they are; users are forbidden from adopting false identities. The company’s management argued that transparency is necessary for forming personal relationships, sharing ideas and information, and building up society as a whole. It also noted that the bottom-up, peer-to-peer connectivity among Facebook users makes it easier for businesses to connect their products with consumers.

In September 2004 TheFacebook added the Wall to a member’s online profile. This widely used feature let a user’s friends post information on their Wall and became a key element in the social aspect of the network. By the end of 2004, TheFacebook had reached one million active users. However, the company still trailed the then-leading online social network, Myspace, which boasted five million members.The year 2005 proved to be pivotal for the company. It became simply Facebook and introduced the idea of “tagging” people in photos that were posted to the site. With tags, people identified themselves and others in images that could be seen by other Facebook friends. Facebook also allowed users to upload an unlimited number of photos. In 2005 high-school students and students at universities outside the United States were allowed to join the service. By year’s end it had six million monthly active users.In 2006 Facebook opened its membership beyond students to anyone over the age of 13. As Zuckerberg had predicted, advertisers were able to create new and effective customer relationships. For example, that year, household product manufacturer Procter & Gamble attracted 14,000 people to a promotional effort by “expressing affinity” with a teeth-whitening product. This kind of direct consumer engagement on such a large scale had not been possible before Facebook, and more companies began using the social network for marketing and advertising.Privacy remains an ongoing problem for Facebook. It first became a serious issue for the company in 2006, when it introduced News Feed, which consisted of every change that a user’s friends had made to their pages. After an outcry from users, Facebook swiftly implemented privacy controls in which users could control what content appeared in News Feed. In 2007 Facebook launched a short-lived service called Beacon that let members’ friends see what products they had purchased from participating companies. It failed because members felt that it encroached on their privacy. Indeed, a survey of consumers in 2010 put Facebook in the bottom 5 percent of companies in customer satisfaction largely because of privacy concerns, and the company continues to be criticized for the complexity of its user privacy controls and for the frequent changes it makes to them.

there is a lot of misconceptions about depression these days .
there are total four types of depression which are
1.situational
2.biological
3.psychological
4.existential

 

ohh dont worry i am not going to explain all four in detail.
depression includes sadness ,irritablity ,loss of intrest in their usual activities and much more .
now, let us understand what causes depression
many life events like long term unemployment or loneliness ,prolonged work stress or loss of a family member .
and ya depression also can be genetic .
and the best thing about depression is that it is treatable
many a times just talking to the right person helps to curb this thing .

 

yes ,i agree that now a days our parents dont believe that depression a real thing .it is because they have been born and brought up in joint families with a lot of cousions whey they always had anyone to speak with and there were people who understood them and now there are nuclear families and workholic parents they hardly get any time to rest so talking with their child is way too much stress for them .they are always in search of more money more oppurtunities and they even forget about the mental health of their children .the funfact is that it is not even their fault .it is the generation gap where they lost the emotional touch with their kids in search of money.

parents must understand every second matters when they are with their kids anything they say can trigger the child towards depression ,maybe the parents might say something out of work stress and raise voice on their child and they dont even remember but they never know how much a child overthinks it and cries about it for years .

so a humble request for all the parents do find some time for your children talk with them understand their problems listen when they want to talk you might save a drowning life bring that emotional touch never dare to say that their problems are very silly ,the child must have prepared a lot and collected a lot of confidence to speack with you about the problems dont make them think that they wasted your time ,let me tell you that if you ever make your chgild think this way then dont ever think that your child will ever again speack to you about their personal problems .

listen to the crying souls who needs help
we ALL HAVE LOST SO MUCH IN THIS PANDEMIC so we cant afford to loose more save the children from depression .

okay,so everyone will be very much familier with online education “a 21st centuary approach to education ” and you all may have your own opinions about it .

due to the global pandemic of corona virus the education system is going online and there are many stereyo type thinking about it .you will be surprised to hear that you are one too.i bet there surely will be a myth that you believed but not anymore .

#myth no 1. online education is ineffective in providing actual education
if a student actually want to learn something and has a thirst for it then he will anyhow succeed in it weather online or offline . there are so many lazy students who take the umbrella of this myth and say that they dont provide actual education .well you should think again if they dont provide actual education why would even students opt for that .everything has it own struggles you cannot just escape by saying it is not worth .unless you are willing to do hardwork for it you are never gonna get it .

#myth no 2 . online classes are easier
if you think this than you are great good hardworking person .online classes are not actually easier they tend to be more demandind and require more time . it often becomes monotonous by time . it is not that easy to commit for a long time .


#myth no 3.students lose intrest during e learning
this dont seem fair ,students can lose intrest even while sitting in front of the teacher in a classroom .this has nothing to do with screen presence but more to do with the mental presence of students .

#myth no 4. technology is tough
aaplications and online learning platforms are very difficult to understand ,well thats not always true . this is the 21st centuary and the applications are quite user friendly and secondly if your institution is giving online education it will definately provide you enough knowledge about the application they are using .



#myth no 5. employers dont value online education
if you are worring about this point you can relax employers may ask why did you choose online education but ultimately your skills matter and nothing on your diploma or transcripts will indicate you are an online student if taken from a valuable university unless you tell them .so take a chill pill and stop worrying

Money give you more freedom to cover your own path and have lass constrants on your choise .money is important because it mean being able to ive your family and children the best education the best healthcare and best start in your life .money is important because it means fewer finicial worries .money is an essentiakcommodity that helps you run your life .exchanging goods for good is an older practise and without one money .money have gained its value because people are trying to save wealth for future needs .The most important fuction of money is to serve as a medium of exchange of money .money is important because it enable you to control your life.

I recently finished Steve Martin’s wonderful autobiography, Born Standing Up.

Martin’s story offers a fascinating perspective on what it takes to stick with habits for the long run. Comedy is not for the timid. It is hard to imagine a situation that would strike fear into the hearts of more people than performing alone on stage and failing to get a single laugh. And yet Steve Martin faced this fear every week for eighteen years. In his words, “10 years spent learning, 4 years spent refining, and 4 years as a wild success.”

Why is it that some people, like Martin, stick with their habits—whether practicing jokes or drawing cartoons or playing guitar—while most of us struggle to stay motivated? How do we design habits that pull us in rather than ones that fade away? Scientists have been studying this question for many years. While there is still much to learn, one of the most consistent findings is that the way to maintain motivation and achieve peak levels of desire is to work on tasks of “just manageable difficulty.”

NEET is an important exam for medical entrance exam in India. In India there are many syllabuses for each state it differs but there is also a syllabus which is common that is called as Central Board of Secondary Education. If we study in this central board of secondary education we can gain more marks in this NEET exam. As the system and invention get devolped we should also try to accompany through it and live. Day or time will not stay with us it would be changing we also be changing we are not as before 20 years we all have changed a lot. NEET exam came into an existence in the year 2013 within 8 years it had made many changes in this medical field. NEET is an exam for the medical students to study in government medical college they should write this NEET exam as an entrance exam. We should get more marks in 12 exam to get an eligibility of writing this NEET exam then in this NEET according to the cutoff mark will be selected. Many students didn’t able to clear this NEET exam so they went to foreign countries to learn after learning if they come to India to work as a doctor, he/she must work in a government hospital for 1 year and also write a exam then only they can be consider as a doctor. National Medical Commission (NMC) is an Indian regulatory body of 33 members which regulates medical education and medical professionals. It replaced the Medical Council of India on 25 September 2020. There are some medical colleges in India nearly five hundred forty two colleges but students are many then than the colleges. The medical council has decided to filter the students so that they have introduced this NEET. This NEET exam is very highly pressure for the students who are in villages because they couldn’t write it easily in Tamilnadu, we are following a syllabus which is totally different from this CBSE syllabus so this is very difficult. Many students are affected by this NEET exam when they didn’t do the exam well are on the result many students have lost their life. In every year during the NEET exam and on the result day all will be in a tensed situation. There are many rules to write this exam it itself terrifies all students in tension some forget what they are doing. So for all this situation court told to give seven percentage seats for the students those who are in villages so that there were 33,000 people who wrote the exam in it 450 students were selected. In Tamilnadu we don’t want NEET exam because of that many students have lost their life. Only when students go far a coaching centers they can clear this exam some parents force their children force their children from sixth standard itself and some parents change the school to CBSE from eleventh and twelth standard itself then there students cannot study well as in that school. So we Tamilnadu strictly prohibit this NEET exam because of this many students have no confidence in themselves that I can achieve anything in life. If there is no NEET many problems will come to a solution.

 

We can start by learning from countries that have limited pandemic deaths much more successfully – like Taiwan, South Korea, Germany, Denmark and New Zealand. Here are eight lessons we can learn from them:

Be Prepared 

Make sure we have a Pandemic Plan we’ve tried, tested and learned from (not simply shelved if we didn’t like the results).

*Ensure we’ve got the capacity to respond. In a pandemic, countries all over the world will be competing to source diagnostic tests, PPE (personal protective equipment) and ventilators. This means we need a stockpile of equipment – plus UK based diagnostic and equipment companies, so we can be self-sufficient if we need to.

*Make sure we have enough CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) masks. They are a lower cost, less invasive aid to breathing compared with ventilators, although ventilators will still be needed for the most serious cases.

*Involve logistic/emergency planning experts (from the military, private sector or disaster relief charities) from day one, to ensure policies are deliverable and to oversee successful implementation – like making sure the right PPE gets to where it is needed, when it is needed.

*Hospital beds probably aren’t an initial priority. That’s because prevention is always better than cure and we now know how to turn exhibition centres into hospitals at short notice if we need to.

*What we can’t do at short notice is turn people into doctors, nurses and public health professionals from scratch. So, we need to start training more health professionals now. Given recent NHS winter crises we’ll probably need them for years ahead anyway.

Take Public Health Seriously

What COVID-19 has illustrated is that in pandemics people with underlying health conditions are usually most at risk of dying – and with COVID-19 that includes people who are obese.

A doctor currently working in an ICU unit with COVID-19 patients advises us, ‘Unfortunately COVID patients with obesity don’t usually do well. I’ve personally seen this on multiple occasions. Obesity affects pulmonary function and lowers lung compliance, which negatively affects ventilator management.’ Patients like these are most likely to require weeks of expensive, time consuming intensive care and put huge strain on the NHS and its doctors and nurses. Some health conditions are unavoidable and we don’t want to start victim blaming – but the risk of many health conditions can be reduced by following a healthy lifestyle. Importantly, as we have identified as a health charity, there’s much more governments, businesses and employers can do to make healthy choices the easy choices for people.

If people are healthier this won’t stop pandemic deaths – but it should reduce them.This means that instead of cutting funding for Public Health, the front line in disease prevention, the government should be investing in prevention.

Don’t Waste Time – Respond Quickly

When a new virus emerges there’s a chance that its true extent and impact will initially be under-reported in the country of origin, whether to save face politically or because of difficulty diagnosing the virus. That’s the first potential delay. Then, there’s likely to be a time lag while scientists try to identify the virus, its speed and spread of infection, its effect on health and how best to contain it – and while politicians consider the implications.

Border Control

Pandemics don’t respect national boundaries. International travel by land, air or sea (including cruise ships) can help the rapid spread of pandemics. So, it makes sense to close borders early (and arrange for returning Brits to go into quarantine).

Build and maintain public confidence

This is important if action like nationwide social distancing needs to be introduced and then sustained. Our advice to government is:

*Promise less, deliver more – so you build credibility

*Lead by example – visibly do what you’re telling the public to do.

*Ensure you’ve got the right experts working with you (including logistic experts and experts in the immune system), so you can agree the right policies and then deliver on them.

*Share the advice you’re receiving with the public, so they can understand what they are being asked to do and why.

Conclusion

What we have learned from the rapid spread of COVID-19 around the world is that, as in most aspects of health, prevention beats cure. That means:

 

*Be prepared for a pandemic (in reality not just on paper)

*Take public health seriously – because a healthy population will usually be more resistant to infection

*Don’t waste time – respond quickly, including border controls

*Track, Trace and Isolate – to deprive the virus of the human hosts it needs to spread

*Stop hospitals and care homes spreading infection – by taking the action needed to reduce the number of cases needing medical treatment in the first place while ensuring there’s enough PPE for staff when cases do need treatment.

*Build and maintain public confidence – leading by example and delivering what you promise.

 

“REASONS WHY TOO MUCH SUGAR IS BAD FOR YOU”

Consumption of a high amount of sugar causes several diseases. Sugar is a sweet poison that is bad for you and it damages the body gradually from the inside. 52 percent of the whole population is suffering from serious diseases and the consumption of sugar is directly or indirectly reason for the contraction. Indian’s use sugar in almost everything. Sweetened tea is the main source because many people drink tea many times a day. The awareness among people about the diseases caused by sugar is, therefore, the need of the hour.

Some of the risk factors caused by the consumption of sugar are as follows:

DIABETES:
Diabetes is the most common disease caused by sugar. One of the strongest risk factors caused by too much consumption of sugar is obesity. Obesity then causes diabetes. Moreover, it causes insulin resistance. This resistance increases the blood sugar level that increases the more risk of diabetes type 2.

According to a survey, the core reason for increasing diabetes worldwide is the high consumption of beverages like soda, cold drinks, and packed juices. People who prefer more sweet beverages are more likely to get diabetes than others.

SKIN AGING:
Skin aging is a natural process but one can get wrinkles and pre-mature skin aging at a young age because of the consumption of high sugar. The reaction between sugar and protein is formed by advanced glycation end products. This reaction causes a key role in skin aging.

Consumption of the products high with carbohydrates and sugar leads to many other skin problems. According to a survey, women who consumed more sugar developed wrinkled and dark circles quickly than those women who did not consume high sugar.

Lower consumption of sugar gives fresh and better skin appearance.

CANCER:
Excess of anything is bad, so excessive sugar consumption is also bad for you. It increases the risk of cancer. High consumption of sugar through foods and beverages increases the chance of cancer.

Over 430,000 people were found with cancer due to the consumption of sugar. Due to sugar, they developed esophageal cancer, small intestine cancer, and pleural cancer.

A survey showed that women who consume sweet buns, cakes, and cookies 3-5 times a day have more chances to develop endometrial cancer. Women who take a normal amount of sugar and consume less sugary products have been observed as healthy and better in shape.

HEART DISEASES:
The number one cause of death worldwide is heart diseases. High sugar consumption leads to obesity first, then diabetes and then inflammation in the body. It causes blood sugar and high blood pressure which ultimately attacks the heart. Moreover, the trend of consuming too many beverages like sweetened drinks and sugary juices; causes atherosclerosis. This disease causes artery-clogging deposits.

A research was conducted in which 30,000 people were observed, among them those who consume 17-21 percent of calories from sugar had a 40 percent high risk of death from heart disease.

“THE FIRST WEALTH IS HEALTH SO BE HEALTHY AND STAY STRONG ”

 

– MEREZJA F

 

 

“BEST HEALTHY FOODS TO GAIN WEIGHT FAST”

Weight gaining is not an easy process and it is a difficult process as the weight loss. The underweight and weak fragile body is a very common problem nowadays. It weakens the immune system of the body and increases the risk of contracting diseases. So one should be not underweight and gain weight fast with these healthy foods to avoid different health problems.One can gain weight by adding simple foods to their daily diet plan. Plus, exercises can be part of the daily routine to gain weight. Weight gaining tactics will be highlighted here which will be fruitful for the people who want to put on some extra weight.Intake of high proteins in daily routine plays a vital role in adding mass. High proteins can be taken through the combination of banana, chocolate, and peanuts. They are super rich with proteins. Vanilla berry shake can also be prepared for protein intake, as it contains berries, yogurt, and vanilla. Moreover, chocolate hazelnut shake, caramel apple shake, vanilla blueberry shake, and super green shake also are perfect protein intakes.Apparently, the intake of milk in daily routine is another easy way to gain a few kilos. Milk contains proteins, fats, and carbs in rich amounts. Also, it provides calcium, vitamins, and minerals to the body which are essential for strengthening the bones of the body. Milk will not only help you put on some extra ounces, but it will also strengthen the body. Drinking 1 or 2 glass of milk and eat different dairy products daily for maintaining a healthy and well-balanced life.Furthermore, the intake of low-cost carb also helps an individual in gaining weight. Rice is one of the sources to gain weight fast. Almost, 1 cup of rice contains 190 calories. So, one has easy access to a large number of calories and it is easy to cook. One can almost eat any kind of dish with a bowl of rice.Other than the rice and milk, nuts and nut butter also provide support to strengthen the body and helps in gaining weight. They are protein-rich and are the dense sources to gain calories. So, one can add nuts to any sweet dish or yogurt to make it part of the daily diet plan. Winter season has many varieties of different nuts, so eat plenty of dry fruits as a part of the daily diet.The strength of the body muscles also increases the bodyweight. The strength of the muscles is possible through consuming red meats. Red meat contains leucine that helps the body muscles to stimulate the body and helps to build new muscle tissue in the body. Hence, one should add red meat to the diet plan and eat plenty of it daily. It is observed that potatoes play a vital role in increasing body weight. It is the easiest way to gain the weight as one can eat many delicious potato dishes in daily routine by simply boiling the potatoes or by making french fries.

” IT’S BETTER TO LOOK STRONG AND HEALTHY”

– JERISHA .S

There are lots of problem faced by women, the problems faced by women are categorised into four.

Married and working:

The women who are all married and working, they face problems like doing household works and also their jobs simultaneously. This brings them heavy work load and makes them weak and tired and also soon they will suffer from damage of bones. The solution for these problem is they may separate their work to their family members so that their burden may reduce and they will work peacefully without any disturbances.

Married and not working:

The women who are married and not working, they face problems like dominated by men, that they don’t know anything if they suggests ideas or talk about something. Some men show their angry to them that they are not working for balancing their income for households. The solution is they may work from their home like stitching. This may make them not feel so guilty.

 

 

Not married and not working:

For these people they are dependent on their parents or some others for leading their life. This will not make them difficult in initial days, but when they see some people with family and working, they become very depressed and this may lead to make them wrong decision. The solution is they may help orphans in orphanage like teaching them and working for them, by doing these works they may relief from depression.

Studying girl:

For studying girls there are not much problems to face, the only thing is they may go wrong being more affection in person and make wrong decisions, this may spoil their life. The solution is they should control their emotions till they become mature and come to a good position in their life. For that they must join with good friends so they may lead their life in good manner.

India is a secular country and is like home for many religion , caste , diversities and always known for the equality in diversity but being home for many cultures, the country is divided by the religions and caste. This is breaking strength of the country and giving rise to the minorities. Certain minorities facin problems due to their religion or caste need to be brought into consideration ans pronvided privileges equal to the others.

There is debate on need of column for religion and caste in official forms in India. Many politicians and celebrities demanded the column for religion and caste in forms. From school admission forms to visa, passport and even forms of competetive exams have a specific column for religion and caste to be filled. Not only in education field but in everuy field there is a specific column for religion and caste. Many politicaians play politics on the topic of religion and caste.

secularity means equality among all the religions, diversities and cultures in a country. India is a secular country that means it distributes equal rights, benefits and opportunities to every religion or caste. In such secular country like India the need to specify one’s religion or caste might seem to many as contradiction to the concept of secularity. 

Also reservation is too important for some minorities and truely backward sections of the society which is possible if one specifies religion and caste in the forms. It also helps in maintenance of government database and providing benefits and equal opportunities to all in the field of education, job etc. It helps government to check the equally gorwth of every section of society and providing equal opportunities to them.

Its true, many of such (so called)backward section misuse the thier privileges and reservation given to the minorities. But the people who have genuine need, it is important to provide them reservation and privileges. Becomes a necessity to avoid unequal treatment of various categories in India.

“Crimes against the historically marginalized SCHEDULED CASTES and SCHEDULED TRIBES by the upper caste represents an extreme form of PREJUDICE and DISCRIMINATION. Similar to the hate crimes in other parts of the world, these groups have remained target to the crimes and atrocities at the hands of the upper caste people mainly on account of their low caste identity in the form of rape, abuse by Police Personnel, harrasment, illegal land encroachments, forced evictions and so on”! Hence, it has been rightly said by MAHATMA GANDHI that,. “The purification required is not of UNTOUCHABLES but of the so called- SUPERIOR CASTE”.

INDIA is a country which is known to be very cultural throughout the world and a person can find many RELIGIONS and CASTES in here. However, the culture rooted deep in the country also has various problems. Even after 74 years of INDEPENDENCE, we are a country that has a prevalent problem of CASTEISM. It is a SOCIAL EVIL, but still holds a prominent place in INDIAN CULTURE. But,. “WHAT IS THIS CASTE SYSTEM”? THE SYSTEM THAT HAS DESTROYED SO MANY LIVES! HOW DID IT EMERGE? DOES IT STILL EXISTS? Well, YES! IT STILL EXISTS.. The CASTE SYSTEM in INDIAN CULTURE is prevailing for ages. CASTEISM refers to discrimination based on the caste of a person. From ancient times until now, the caste system has always held a sturdy base in Indian society. CASTE in INDIA was used as an identification of an individual as to which family the person belonged to, which also meant which field of work he was involved in because of his family. The FOUR PRIMARY CASTES of the HINDU COMMUNITY are: BRAHMANS, KSHATRIYAS, VAISHAYAS, AND SHUDRAS. The first three classes were considered upper and the last class, that is, SHUDRAS were considered as LOWER CASTES. Later, they were known as SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES! The Caste system was made to divide work among groups of people to maintain balance in the society with the distribution of occupation. But since this caste system was carried out from one generation to another in families, it soon became HEREDITARY. Hence, Became the Source of Exploitation of the lower castes. Basically, the religious and social circles dictate CASTEISM in India. Mostly, people living in rural AREAS, are facing this problem tremendously. During the early times, the villages were segregated on the basis of their CASTES. They were made to live in separated colonies. Even the place for buying food and getting water were different from the upper castes. For instance, the higher castes people that is, BRAHMANS never touched anything which belonged to the people of lower castes. When we look at the PRESENT SCENARIO, the impact may not be as severe as in the Early periods, but it is still worrying. The people of the upper castes are very much looked up to, and given access to all amenities. Whereas on the other hand, the ones from the lower CASTES, are not given such respects even today in certain areas. Sometimes, they even don’t get the same rights. According to the ARTICLE 15 of the INDIAN CONSTITUTION, “THE STATE is PROHIBITED FROM DISCRIMINATING ANY CITIZEN ON THE basis of CASTE, RELIGION, SEX, CREED, LANGUAGE, RACE, PLACE OF BIRTH OR ANY OF THEM”.

ARTICLE 17 states that “UNTOUCHABILITY IS ABOLISHED AND ITS PRACTICE IN ANY FORM IS FORBIDDEN”. BUT, has these laws and articles been implemented fully? Has these articles been successful in eradication of caste based discrimination from INDIA? WELL, THE ANSWER IS NO! Despite many schemes,articles, and provisions, there are many parts in INDIA where the SCHEDULED TRIBES AND SCHEDULED CASTES still face significant differences.

At the height of COVID-19 LOCKDOWN in APRIL, MADHU, a young boy in his 20s found himself out of work in BENGALURU. He returned to his hometown in ALUR MANDAL of Karnataka’s Hassan District. He was in love with a girl who belonged to politically dominant community. Her family did not want her to marry a DALIT. So, after some days he was shot dead by the girl’s uncle to end the relationship. There are so many girls and boys like MADHU, in INDIA who have been murdered brutally just because they were from the LOWER CASTE. This shows the ugly reality of CASTE VIOLENCE AND CASTE DISCRIMINATION even in the URBAN AREA.

According to the ANNUAL CRIME IN INDIA REPORT 2019 published by NATIONAL CRIMES RECORD BUREAU (NCRB), a crime against a scheduled castes and schedule tribes has recorded an increase of over 7% and 26% respectively in 2019. Hence, it is high time, one should realise that THIS CASTE SYSTEM IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE UNDERDEVELOPMENT OF INDIA. It is high time one has to do away with this. As it has been rightly said by DR.B.R AMBEDKAR that,. ” CASTE IS A STATE OF MIND. IT IS A DISEASE OF MIND”. And one should not associate with this kind of disease.

Rape is the fourth most common crime against women in India. And sadly, almost 95% of rape cases in India go unreported. The rape SURVIVORS (not victims) get oppressed because of the societal stigma.

There have been debates around how rapes can be stopped by giving a stricter capital punishment and appropriate sex education. But is that it? No, there are several contexts where we, as a society, are messing up.

• It is more than obvious that our great society has gone to the extents of blaming a victim to the core for what she was wearing and at what time she was out of her home. But what these people tend to overlook are some basic statistics. In approximately 94.2% of rape cases, the accused was known to the victim and in most cases, relatives were found to be guilty for the latter. In contradiction to these facts, some reknowned people have also went on to give horrendous statements like-“Rape cases have been constantly rising because women have stepped out of their homes to work.” And these statements are mostly given by very educated people.

• On the other hand, our laws believe that only one gender can be abused and is not ready for the inclusion of violence and non-consensual sex against anyone other than women in the list of “lawful crimes”. The definition of the term “rape” in itself gives an impression of a crime only a man can do against a woman.

Whenever a brutal rape crime shakes our country, people go on to demand mob lynching and death penalty for the guilty. But there are no statistics to prove that capital punishments will reduce this crime. In fact, it can result into repercussions on the victim itself.

Studies conducted by psychologists on rapists and murders side by side prove that- while murderers were well aware of what they were getting themselves into, rapists mostly blamed the victims for what had happened to them and it comes as no surprise that this notion comes from the societal practice of victim blaming.

1. Moral education – The whole argument points towards moral education as a part of our curriculum as the need of the hour. People highlight the importance of sex education, but moral education would play a more massive role in this.
2. Better environment for raising children- Parents should be given basic counselling on the values to be imparted to their children and how they should be raised. The way children are raised can affect a child’s mentality and the kind of human being they will go on to become in their future.
3. Better conviction rate- The conviction rate in India is only 30%. In this case, rapists think that even if they get caught, there is very little chance that they will get actually get convicted or punished for the crime they have committed. The amount of pending cases in our courts make this scenario even worse.
4. A better society- All the above points will automatically result in a better environment for the survivors and people in general which is the ultimate goal.

“Rape is the only crime in which the victim goes to become the accused.”

And are we ever going to speak up against that?

📍As per recent updates , CBSE has updated the coding and data science into new curriculum.
📍students interested in coding can opt it as optional subject in class 6th.
📍coding builds a path for the bright future due to increasing opportunities.
📍Although we are heading towards a technology-driven future but giving kids their own time to explore what they want from life should be mandatory.
📍The new education policy looks a bit promising, although it has some loopholes, the success of this new policy depends on how well it is implemented

1. WordPress

We’re willing to bet that you’ve probably heard about WordPress. This CMS boasts the largest market share among its competitors by far, and it’s easy to see why.

Although WordPress was conceived as a blogging platform, it’s grown far beyond that point. The platform is easy to use, and you can customize it to your heart’s content using plugins and themes (of which you have thousands to choose from).

2. Wix

Wix is a popular CMS platform, though it has some limitations. We often get readers asking how to switch from Wix to WordPress that’s because every smart business owner knows that WordPress is definitely better than Wix.

With that said, Wix is beginner-friendly and it might be worth considering. It offers a free plan, too.

3. Zyro

Some of the top competitors to Zyro are Wix and Squarespace. Both of these web hosting options are considerably more expensive for even the most basic plans. Wix personal plan starts at $13.00 per month. Although Squarespace and Wix offer more design features, Zyro is the best place to start if you’re looking for something less expensive.

4. Weebly

Similar to WordPress, Weebly may well be a name that you’re familiar with. It’s an easy-to-use content management system that lets you set up a simple website within a matter of minutes. The platform uses a drag-and-drop format, so you can add features and media to your website easily. And by the same token, you can swiftly remove anything whenever you want.

5. Jimdo

Providers of website builders have never been shy when it comes to making grand claims, with “websites in no time,” “your very own website in just 5 minutes,” and “a website in three simple steps” among the typical slogans used in marketing campaigns.

And that’s why Jimdo has been putting all its efforts into its smart Jimdo website builder, known internally as Dolphin. Users are promised a solution that will allow them to build a website in just three minutes!

6. Site123

SITE123 is an editor that makes creating a website feel as easy as pie. As the name suggests, you can put together a website in three steps: choose a design, add content, and go live. … Like many other website builders, it also comes with a blog and online store

7.Webnode

With all the numerous features that Webnode has to offer, it comes as no surprise why many people choose this site-building platform. Webnode is generally a solid site builder that’s worth trying if you do not have any web design skills and have little funds to hire a professional web developer.

8. Yola

Your next step in creating a website, is choosing a template. Yola has over 60 to choose from, subdivided into categories such as Business, Personal & CV, and Landing Pages.

Customisation is a two-step process, starting with the design, and then moving on to your site’s content, although you can easily bypass that first step, and get back to it at any time during the creation process.

9.Mozello

The Mozello site builder is developed and maintained by a small, Latvian software company. Their focus is on individual users and small groups looking to build great websites but who don’t have extensive design experience or in-depth technical knowledge.

10. Strikingly

f you need a tool for designing single page responsive websites that look amazing on mobile devices, then Strikingly.com might just be the perfect solution for you.

Strikingly is perfect for creating personal, small business or small e-commerce websites. No coding knowledge is required. You’ll get easy-to-use custom templates and elegant design features, powered by a powerful and intuitive drag and drop website builder tool.

Bonus : Blogger

In India, the working class is majorly divided in two sections.

First , are the one’s that believe in spending whatever they earn and enjoy the present at most.

The other group of people believes in saving a part of their income for the unforeseen circumstances and with a hope to fulfil future goals like buying a house, car or retirement planning.

Now the people who spend all of their earnings find themselves in a difficult spot at the time of any unforeseen circumstance and regrets not saving.

What about the group of people who save a major part of their earnings? Are they able to fulfil their goals? The answer is “NO”.

Here comes the role of inflation. Inflation is the rate at which price of commodities increases and value of money decreases. So, instead of just saving, we should start investing in order to fulfil our financial goals and be financially independent.

Saving is important but more important is that we invest because money will not grow unless we will invest more and more . Also one investing should be in different schemes as well as plans . 

“If you do not make money while you sleep then you will have to earn till you die ” . These are the most true words said by some great expert . But it would be better if we practice the same in our daily lives . 

On Friday night, another strong, shallow earthquake shook an area of southwestern China near Myanmar, causing at least one death.

The two quakes were not related, Tytell said.

The US Geological Survey said that the magnitude 6.1 quake was centered 10 kilometers (6 miles) below the surface northwest of the city of Dali, a scenic area in Yunnan province.

Shallow quakes often cause more damage on the Earth’s surface, especially in populated areas.

The earthquake caused strong shaking around Dali but Chinese news reports showed relatively little damage.

The Yunnan seismological bureau said it received a report of one death and six injuries in the Dali area. It gave the magnitude of the quake as 6.4 and said it struck 8 kilometers (5 miles) below the surface.

The area experiences frequent seismic activity. In 2020, a magnitude 5 earthquake in Yunnan killed four people and injured 23, according to the China Earthquake Networks Center.

China’s worst earthquake in recent years struck the mountainous western portion of Sichuan province to the north of Yunnan in 2008, killing nearly 90,000 people

The human extinction began many millions years ago which the first world was dinosaur extinction, and stone age extinction and human extinction before world didn’t the technology what is now that time is was a peace of cake which can cut into many slices but now everything is changed due to that period we had a good healthy food which makes us even strong and healthy that time there was a good value for farmers day by day everything is getting changed the reason us,first of all.during king period farmers were very rich due to that that farming was organic farming is still continued very farmers 45% use organic farming food products which gave us good and healthy with immunity food for our bodybuilding now in the world somethings very priceless which cannot be compared to anything how much money you gave means also you cannot get the happiness is the one time smile once gone again cannot see,how much you pay you don’t get to know the value of their products like for example:beauty of plant,beauty of tree,beauty of nature, beauty of smile,beauty of a girl,boys caring to girls, girls show their love to some of them,animals caring,mother’s love,fathers love like many more are there in world you cannot compare ••These are compared to many different types:-Beauty Of Plants: These plants which grow in field or park or house will be very beautiful you can be keep watching everyday but there it will come to that plant beauty is gonna change a priceless beauty which cannot compare anything in this raindrops falling on plant is beauty 2)Beauty of trees:when in rainy seasons winter season the plants shrink so fast flying of leaves by drop by drop it is nature beauty that is very beautiful to us which give us beautiful view on same time that beauty is something different that no body cannot buy it cost of money.Beauty Of Nature:beauty of nature includes •••Smile OF Girl:The girls smiling is very precious that when they smile nothing cannot theirsmile andtheir eyes and your mouth just stop talking see their eyes and face beauty nothing cannot match them like vijay,megha sri, sibbusuryan, Priyanka nalkari their smile cannot be compared to anything,Boys Caring For Girls:every person is not the same everyone has different characters some of them show care for their girls had their own sister like not feeling well and sick the love they show them will cure 50%of their illness supporting caring their health and medicine health which show them some love which cure them very fast that when not sleeping well, sleeping on lawn taking care of them as own sister the love and care is very precious in world only 50% do such a caring •••but this corona taught us a lesson to spend the time with family taught us what is lovecare, care,respect,humanity, responsibility, and kindness that is very precious that all have one life once it lost we cannot come back to life so that step your life slow and nice and steady life is not a machine game to be very fast life will slow always so keep steady when to put brake and when to acceralate, when to stop,when to turn right and left when to park,when to drive Life Is Precious Enjoy The PRICELESS MEMORY STILL YOU Are Alive….?

How does COVID-19 impact the environment?

COVID 19’s impact on the environment has been mixed. Although the pandemic resulted in improved environmental conditions, there have been other negative effects, some of which are obvious, others less so.

In brief, the positive effects have been reduced GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions, improved water quality, reduced noise pollution, improved air quality and in some cases, wildlife restoration. Negative effects have been increased medical waste, haphazard disposal of PPE, increased municipal waste and reduced recycling efforts.

Whilst the world has agreed on an international inquiry into the origins, handling and response of the virus, of which the results are likely to be years away, many have reached the conclusion that the cause of the global pandemic is the result of human activity, such as deforestation, animal trades and increased urbanisation. Whilst advances in medicine have kept many epidemics managed, many speculated that it was only a matter of time before a global pandemic of this magnitude was to occur.

COVID-19 became one of the most widespread zoonoses, which led to 1,5 million deaths in less than one year 

COVID-19 is the latest of several recent zoonotic diseases1 in humans and demonstrates how human health and nature are closely intertwined. Interaction with nature could expose humans to a range of animal diseases. In fact, about three to four new infectious diseases occur every year, most of which originate from wild animals. Over the past 30 years, approximately 60-70% of new human diseases have been of zoonotic origin. The growth of zoonotic disease outbreaks is a sign of a breakdown in the relationship between humans and nature and is likely to worsen.

The drastically increasing amount of domestic and medical waste is one of the key negative outcomes of COVID-19. Coronavirus waste became a new form of global pollution. The adopted quarantine, isolation, and social distancing led to a corresponding increase in the amount of solid household waste (15-25%) and a significant increase in the generation of medical waste in healthcare institutions (from 10 to 20 times).

From the beginning of 2020, a huge amount of disinfectants has been applied to roads, commercial, and residential areas to exterminate the COVID-19 virus. These disinfectants can kill non-targeted beneficial species and create ecological imbalance. Much of the disinfectants and antiseptics, such as hand soap which contains a high percentage of the hormone-disrupting pesticide Triclosan (TSC – Triclosan converts to dioxin, a highly toxic compound when exposed to sunlight), is naturally finding its way into our water systems.

COVID-19’s increased waste also affected waste management (WM) systems. Reduced employment / workers reduced recycling efforts which further compounded challenges in the collection and disposal of general waste. Municipal budgets were weakened as a result of increased healthcare costs and implemented social security regulations. Several governments introduced limitations to the volume of recycling activities in order to reduce the risk of virus infection.

There have been so many more direct and indirect consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, of which will be realised in the months and even years to come, but what is evident even in the short-term, is the urgency for all us all to stand up and work out how we can play a part in protecting and rehabilitating the earth’s biodiversity which is currently balancing on a knife-edge.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The USA wants to find the remains of its soldiers who lost their lives in india during world war II. US and India together have started a huge program for the same. World war II was fought from 1939 to 1945 between Axis powers and allied powers. WW2 is considered to be the biggest war fought in human history and it’s considered that almost 720 million people died in WW2 which is 3% of the population of the world of that time. More Indians died in WW2 than Americans. The total of Indian civilian and military deaths is considered to be between 1.5 to 2.5 million whereas total deaths on the US side were around 418k.

The USA was primarily against Japan in WW2 because Japan was taking control over Indo-pacific very rapidly which became concerning for the US and Japan also attacked pearl harbour in which the US suffered many casualties. Japan took control of the Philippines and many other Asian countries. Japan planned to enter India from Myanmar. In ww2 china, Russia India US were on the same side with many other allies together fighting Japan Germany and Italy on the other side which is very different from today’s world order. Japan was also supporting subash Chandra bose and his ‘Azad hind fauj’. A most important aspect for the USA and Britain was to protect India from going into the control of the Japanese.

So US and UK soldiers fought many wars in northeast India against the Japanese. In March 1944 Japan launched operation U-Go against forces of the British empire in the northeast Indian regions of Manipur and Naga hills ( then administered as Assam). Battle of Imphal was one of the most important wars in the history of world war II. According to the US, many US soldiers died in India and 400 of them were not found. The US also said there are over 81,800 defence personnel of the US who are still unaccounted from the Vietnam war, the Korean war, the cold war and world war II. Recovery mission by the US has been conducted in India since 2008 in Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Nagaland and Tripura. In 2016, a team of DPAA and the anthropological survey of India found some evidence of remains of US Army personnel. Recently the US Department of defence joins with the National Forensic Science University (NFSU) in search of 400 personnel missing since WW2.

Two of the most popular video communication tools for remote work and learning are Google Meet and Zoom. The two services are used by workplaces and classrooms around the world. both provide the ability to interact with other participants through video conferencing, enabling businesses and schools to conduct remote meetings and lessons through a variety of apps and devices. Google Meet and Zoom are both video conferencing services and they offer a lot of the same features. But one service may be better fit for your needs depending on the size of your team and what other applications you plan to use. When it comes purely to video conferencing features, zoom has a slight edge over Google Meet, offering a comprehensive assortment of options at various price points. Zoom’s most expensive plan provides support for the largest number of participants. That said, if you’re looking for a bigger collection of application to use in tandem with your video conferencing service, them Google Meet might be a better fit. The platform, formerly known as Google Hangouts Meet, comes bundled with other helpful Google services as a part of a Google Workspace subscription.

EXTRA FEATURES :

Zoom is a dedicated video conferencing service build by a company that is mainly focused on that platform. As such, Zoom is a little more comprehensive than Google Meet. Sure, Meet scores points thanks to its seamless integration with other Google apps, and the fact that it comes bundled with the host of other services, but if you’re really only looking for a video conferencing platform, those other apps won’t matter at all that much. Google Meet caps out at 250 participants and 24 hours, but Zoom can support up to 30 hours and has an option to add support for up yo 1,000 participants for an extra fee. Most teams won’t need the expanded support that Zoom provides but for some businesses, this ability could be the deciding factor. When it comes to general features, Meet and Zoom both offer many of the same basic functions, like call encryption, support for up to 720p HD video, and presentation models that allow for screen sharing to other participants. Google Meet has also made some big improvements over the lat few months by adding additional options that were initially only found on Zoom, like polls, a tiled gallery layout for larger calls, and video filters so you can change your background. both Zoom and Meet will let you split up calls into breakout rooms as well. You can go further with both video conferencing services by hosting a session with a whiteboard. Participants in Meet and Zoom can also raise their hands if they have to say something in the class or company meetings.

BOTTOM LINE :

Zoom offers support for the most amount of people and the longest meeting times, but that doesn’t necessarily mean that it’s right option for everyone. Zoom’s edge over Meet has diminished greatly over the last few months as Google added a lot of new features. Still, if you just want a service purely for the video conferencing, then Zoom has a slight edge.

That said, if you want to use other Google services that come included with a Google Workspace subscription, then Meet will be more than good enough for your remote work or learning needs.

You can get Google Meet from the Google Workspace website, or sign up for Zoom at the Zoom website.

Major treats:

• A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, “a     plant in the wrong place”. Examples commonly are plants unwanted in human-controlled settings, such as farm fields, gardens, lawns, and parks. Taxonomically, the term “weed” has no botanical significance,

         In this recent years this river is overcrowded by the growth of weeds which cannot be destroyed easily .This weeds also served as a home to the mosquitoes which in turn invited the diseases in our home.

 Types of lake weeds

                       They are rooted in the bottom, but stems, foliage and flowers extend above the water surface like Cattail (Typha spp.), Besharam (Ipomea carnea), Common reed (Phragmites communis), American lotus (Nelumbo lutea), Water lily (Nymphaea odorata), Pickerel weed (Pontederia cordata), Arrowhead (Sagittaria spp.), Purple

Negative effects of weeds in water systems:

             The plants cause tremendous loss of water from water bodies like lakes and dams through evapotranspiration. Aquatic weeds have been found to severely reduce the flow capacity of drainage and irrigation canals thereby reducing the availability of water to the farmer’s field.

       A few examples of broadleaf weeds are clover, dandelion, and purslane. Some examples of grassy type weeds are nutsedge, pampas grass, and bermuda grass. Weeds can be further divided into annuals, biennials, and perennials.

 Sustainable methods:

         Chemicals:

            Herbicide spray or granules that are applied to the water or area following specific instructions.

      Effective at targeting specific weeds

    Less labor intensive

DREDGING:

A machine that displaces (and depending on the type, can remove) sediment layers.

   Moves the sediment thereby removing seeds, roots, and plants

   Removes a mucky bottom

   Can increase water depth

Deweeding Organization:

       To save the river from being polluted and being harmed there are methods that can be followed

The de-weeding drive undertaken by the public works department (PWD) recently at the Uyyakondan canal in the city to prevent mosquito menace, has escalated the maintenance cost by 12% than last year, with officials attributing it to the rapid growth of water hyacinth and waste water being let into the canal.

    To overcome such a situation the young volunteers can come front and organize a team to help to save the river from being lost off.

• Garbage disposal:

River of garbage:

                          Trash can travel throughout the world’s rivers and oceans, accumulating on beaches and within gyres. … It is transported by rivers to the ocean, where it moves with the currents, and is often eaten by birds and fish, concentrating toxic chemicals in their tissues, and filling their stomachs, causing them to starve.

And also this river is now polluted by throwing garbage into it. This once again paves way for diseases and also affects the organisms that lives in it and fed with it.

The effects of illegal dumping:

A common method of illegal dumping is throwing garbage directly into a river or stream, this causes oceanic pollution and leads to the death of marine life. Waste that is dumped illegally often contains dangerous and toxic substances, which soak in all the oceanic oxygen.

            “Plastic can have a damaging impact on underwater life. Large pieces can trap animals but smaller pieces can be in advertently eaten. “Once digested, plastic can release toxic chemicals which are then passed through the food chain. These toxic chemicals, in high doses, could harm the health of wildlife.”

Sewage treatment:

   NOWADAYS this river is flowing along with the garbage in it which makes it more badly and useless for this the people in my locality can come up in collecting funds and help in promoting and restoring it. And also they can associate a team to clean up the river in order to save our resource.

WHO IS RESPONSIBLE?            

   If no government agency has the responsibility or resources to clean up the banks of a stream or its littered streambed, then it is the responsibility of nongovernmental organizations and private citizens to do so. There are many opportunities for private citizens to participate in river and stream cleanups. For example, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsors an “Adopt-a-Watershed” program. Many states have “green team” or “stream team” opportunities, such as Vermont’s Green-Up Day and Northern California’s Riverwat.

        Volunteers who participate in stream cleanups often report a rewarding experience. In addition to providing an aesthetic and environmental benefit, cleanups reconnect citizens and the community to the waterways that have been a vital part of the nation’s history and culture.

            Research has shown than people are more likely to behave in ways that preserve our waterways if they are clean in the first place. If a stream bank or shoreline already has litter, people are more likely to continue littering. Individuals can take the initiative by cleaning up streamside trash and by disposing of trash properly.

In Bihar, a month-long lockdown will come to an end today. The decision about extension or relaxation will be taken today in a meeting of the crisis management group headed by chief minister Nitish Kumar. Feedback of DMs of all districts have been taken about lockdown.

Meanwhile, the state’s recovery rate has risen to over 98 per cent, while the test positivity rate has declined to  below one percent and it is 0.84 percent. The number of active cases is also decreasing and presently stands at 8  thousand 707. About seven lakh people have so far recovered from the infection. 920 fresh COVID cases were reported in the state during the last 24 hours and one  thousand 799 people recovered yesterday. Over one crore 11 lakh people 20 thousand people have been vaccinated in the state so far.

The Odisha Government has launched a doorstep delivery service for oxygen concentrators. Launching the online service, Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik said that this will further strengthen the state’s preparedness against present and future waves of covid-19. The home delivery service for Oxygen concentrators will be available in 5 major cities of the state in the first phase.

In yet another step towards meeting the oxygen demand of the covid 19 patients in Odisha,  Union Minister Dharmendra Pradhan yesterday dedicated an oxygen cylinder initiative by a voluntary organisation in Jharsuguda in Odisha through the virtual platform. On the occasion, the Minister said, in order to address the shortage in medical manpower in the state there is a need to increase seats in the existing medical colleges while setting up more such medical colleges in Odisha. Citing data, Mr Pradhan said, the doctor-patient ratio in the state is 1:2187 as against the national ratio of 1: 1404. Meanwhile the Test Positivity Rate in the state has further declined below 10% over the last few days, bringing the total covid-19 active caseload further down to a little over 78 thousand, as of now.

The Uttar Pradesh government has set a target to vaccinate 10 crore people in the months of June, July and August. UP has also become the first state in the country to inoculate more than 31 lakh youths.

As part of mass vaccination drive, special camps will be organised for women of the state from today so that they can be vaccinated on priority basis. In every district, at least two special camps will be organised for women. This is being done in the wake of the impending danger of third wave of covid so that women who remain close to children should become safe from the danger of getting infected. The Government is already giving preference to the parents whose children are less than 12 years old. The State government has set the target to inoculate 10 crore people in three months and for this training will be given to one lakh vaccinators. Some districts will be marked on certain parameters and 100% vaccination will be done in these districts on priority basis.

A seven member central team headed by a joint secretary of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is visiting West Bengal to make an on-spot assessment of the damage caused by Cyclone Yaas. The team is scheduled to visit Purba Medinipur and South 24 Parganas today. They will also be holding review meetings with the district administration.

Tomorrow, the central team will meet officials of the Disaster management and finance department at the state secretariat. The team will submit a final report to the Ministry of Home Affairs.

It may be recalled that very severe cyclone Yaas had made its landfall in Odisha on 26th May and the coastal areas of West Bengal were severely damaged due to its effect. Prime Minister Narendra Modi conducted an aerial survey of the cyclone-affected area of West Bengal on May 28 and later held a review meeting at Kalaikunda Air Base in Paschim Medinipur.

Madhya Pradesh reported yesterday 735 new positive cases and 42 deaths while 1,934 patients recovered from infection. 44 districts of the state reported below 10 corona cases.

Two out of 52 districts in the state Alirajpur and Burhanpur recorded no positive cases. Alirajpur became the first corona-free district after the second wave with zero  active cases, on Sunday.  The number of active cases in the state declined to 10,103.The state reported 0.9 per cent corona-positive rate. Active cases in Indore reduced to 1,509  and in Bhopal reduced to 2,225. More than 80,000 tests are being conducted every day.

Is Success measured by money or mental strength?

   Success can be said as the outcome of our efforts in simple terms. If a person is Successful he will be at a stage where he cannot replace such feeling. Many persons used to surf to become successful rather finding his/her   own way to become successful and now let me say it in brief.

• To become successful first choose your passion or the field in which you wanted to be successful.
• Then think of the ways to achieve it.
• Now prioritize your works.
• Time Management is one of the keys to become Successful.
• Set your goal.
• Work hard until you achieve it.
• Overcome your fears, Obstacles and everything that stops you.
• And Now the most important thing NEVER EVER GIVE UP

  Success measured by Money:

What is money for?

              Money is the basic commodity that helps you to run a life. So each and everyone should remember that money is only to satisfy your needs not your feelings.Everytime when you are successful you will experience a sort of feeling that money cannot repay it. So if a person is Successful with his/her money he will not get the happiness of Success.

How hard is Success?

Success is tough no matter how you slice it. With so many people vying and competing in what many label as a zero-sum game, achieving any semblance of grand-scale success has become monumentally difficult. And it will only get harder as the years wear on.

why isn’t it easy?

Success is knowing what to do and actually doing it. Failure is knowing what to do and not doing it. Most of us actually know what to do but for some reason, fear perhaps or whatever, we just don’t do itWhat makes achieving success difficult? Answer: Achieving academic success is difficult for me because of a lack of self-discipline. I need to change my study habits to overcome my lack of self-discipline. Achieving academic success needs organization, time management, prioritization, concentration, and motivatio

  Success by Mental Strength:

                        If a person desires to be successful and goes to any extent for it he is a person of strong mental strength. It’s because only such person with mental strength will work for it and only such person explores its pleasure .Thus Money cannot replace your feelings and only Success is measured by mental strength.

   To be a person of strong mental strength a person should be him/her self and must be concerned about his mind and soul because these keep you strong. Also yoga’s, Meditation can be done to improve it.  

       Unlike others we must be unique in finding a way for our success. Most of the successful people say that Time Management is very important to become successful. It’s because when you manage your time you can improve yourself rather running behind the clock. The teenagers must also be energetic and active instead of being lazy. To become successful to must work and go for any positive extent to achieve it.

“Success depends less on strength of Body than upon Mind and Character”

                                                                                                        -Arnold Palmer

Chhattisgarh has reported 999 fresh cases of the Covid-19 yesterday. This is the lowest number of cases reported in the last about 80 days. Chhattisgarh has been witnessing a steady decline in cases of CoVID infection. The test positivity rate in the state has come down to less than 3 percent. The number of people recovering from the disease also outnumbered the number of people testing positive as 1909 patients discharged after recovery on Sunday.The number of COVID-19 cases continued to fall in various districts. Out of the 28 districts, in three districts cases were reported in single digit. While in remaining districts, cases were reported in double digits.

The number of active cases of the coronavirus disease also fell below the 25 thousand mark in the state.

Abridgement:

Literary history-Character Analysis-Two versions of this epic- Similarities between this epic and the bible-Symbols-Moral Themes-Contribution-Conclusion

Literary history:

The Epic of Gilgamesh ( is an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia, regarded as the earliest surviving notable literature and the second oldest religious text, after the Pyramid Texts. The literary history of Gilgamesh begins with five Sumerian poems about Bilgamesh (Sumerian for “Gilgamesh”), king of Uruk, The first surviving version of this combined epic, is known as the “Old Babylonian” version dates to the 18th century BCE and is titled after its incipit, The later Standard Babylonian version compiled

Character Analysis:

The Major characters in this epic are…

• Gilgamesh
• Enkidu
• Humbaba
• shamath
• Ishtar

GILGAMESH

 King of Uruk, the strongest of men, Two-thirds god and one-third mortal, and the perfect example of all human virtues. He is A brave warrior, fair judge, ambitious builder

ENKIDU

Companion and friend of Gilgamesh. Hairy-bodied and muscular, Enkidu was raised by animals. Enkidu looks much like Gilgamesh and is almost his physical equal. He aspires to be Gilgamesh’s rival but instead becomes his soul mate. he gods punish Gilgamesh and Enkidu by giving Enkidu a slow, painful, inglorious death for killing the demon Humbaba and the Bull of Heaven.

HUMBABA

 The fearsome demon who guards the Cedar Forest forbidden to mortals. He is the prime example of awesome natural power and danger. His mouth is fire, he roars like a flood, and he breathes death, much like an erupting volcano

ISHTAR

 The goddess of love and fertility, as well as the goddess of war. Ishtar is frequently called the Queen of Heaven. Though she can be unpredictable at times, she is a nurturing mother figure, and other times she is spiteful and cruel. She is the patroness of Uruk, where she has a temple.

SHAMHAT

Shamhat   is a temple prostitute. By sleeping with Enkidu, she begins the process of bringing him into civilization.

UTNAPISHTIM,

Utnapishtim, also called the Distant One, is the only man to attain immortality. It was a gift from the gods in exchange for his obedience during the Great Flood. Although he’s old and wise, Utnapishtim is also demanding and impatient of Gilgamesh’s quest.

Two versions

From the diverse sources found, two main versions of the epic have been partially reconstructed: the Standard Babylonian version, or He who saw the deep, and the Old Babylonian version, or Surpassing all other kings.

Standard Babylonian version

      The Standard Babylonian version has different opening words, or incipit, from the older version. The older version begins with the words “Surpassing all other kings”, while the Standard Babylonian version has “He who saw the deep” (“deep” referring to the mysteries of the information brought back by Gilgamesh from his meeting with Utnapishtim) about Ea, the fountain of wisdom. Gilgamesh was given knowledge of how to worship the gods, why death was ordained for human beings, what makes a good king, and how to live a good life. The story of Utnapishtim, the hero of the flood myth, can also be found in the Babylonian epic

Old Babylonian versions

This version of the epic, called in some fragments surpassing all other kings, is composed of tablets and fragments from diverse origins and states of conservation. It remains incomplete in its majority, with several tablets missing and big lacunae in those found. They are named after their current location or the place where they were found.          

Similarities between this epic and the bible:

In this Epic, the gods create Enkidu, who runs wild with the animals in the open country, as a companion for Gilgamesh.  There are particularly interesting similarities between the Garden of Eden story in Genesis and the story of Enkidu’s movement from nature to culture and civilization. In both stories, a woman is responsible for the transition of a man who had once eaten and drunk with the animals to a state of estrangement from nature. Once Enkidu is rejected by the animal world, the woman Shamhat gives him clothing and teaches him to drink beer and eat bread—all technological developments that separate humans from animals.

Symbols:

Gilgamesh is rich in religious symbolism. Religious rituals in Mesopotamia involved sacrifices, festivals, sex, dream interpretation, and shamanic magic, all of which appear in the story. Enkidu’s hirsuteness symbolizes the natural, uncivilized state.

Moral themes:

The Epic of Gilgamesh has several moral themes, but the main theme is that love is a motivating force. Other moral themes in this epic are the inevitability of death and the danger of dealing with the gods. The love within the friendship of Enkidu and Gilgamesh inspires both of them to be better men in different ways

Fear, not grief, is the reason why Gilgamesh seeks immortality. Enkidu’s death thrusts Gilgamesh into the depths of despair but more importantly it forces him to acknowledge his own mortality.

Contribution:

Through his struggle to find meaning in life, Gilgamesh defied death and, in doing so, becomes the first epic hero in world literature. The grief of Gilgamesh, and the questions his friend’s death evoke, resonate with every human being who has wrestled with the meaning of life in the face of death

 “What you seek you shall never find. For when the Gods made man, they kept immortality to themselves”. A penny for your thoughts….

I’d like to begin with a Chinese proverb. And the way this proverb goes like this: “It is better to light the candle than curse the darkness. “

And the reason why I said this is because it’s not obvious to us that we have become masters of cursing the darkness. We have become really good at cursing darkness.

What is our experience of being alive? We’ve had some good days , We’ve had some bad days. Some challenges, some good memories. Some things we would change, some things we wouldn’t change.

But , do you know that every day that you have in this earth , that you have been alive on this earth, this earth has been in motion. And everything, everything is in motion.

All this time there has been a motion, there has been a sequence of events taking shape, people coming onto this planet Earth, things coming onto this planet Earth, things leaving this planet Earth. I mean , it’s actually a drama that you can’t imagine that has been taking place.

And you have been alive! And you’ve looked at your problems. You’ve had a plan and whenever things do not go according to your plan , you had a problem!

And you’ve been alive all those days! How many days do you actually get to live? It’s a shocking reality. Even if you live for a hundred years, that’s only thirty six thousand, five hundred days.

I wish I were missing a zero. I am not. That’s all there is.

This is the time you get. You get those 36500 days only to get all the things right.

Khushi Agarwal

1. Child labour is the illegal act running in India for many years and ruining the present and future of the children. It has taken many different forms and has been an urgent priority to be eliminated from the society without any delay.
2. Child labour is the illegal act running in India for many years and ruining the present and future of the children. It has taken many different forms and has been an urgent priority to be eliminated from the society without any delay.
3. Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives them of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful. Review national laws regarding child labour.
4. Refer to your buyers’ requirements.
5. Check the age of your employees.
6. Identify hazardous work.
7. Carry out workplace risk assessment.
8. Stop hiring children below the minimum age.
9. Remove children from hazardous work.
10. Reduce the hours for children under the.

TIME management helps you pirortize your tasks so that you ensure you have enough time availabe to complete every project .The quality of your work increase when tour not rashing to complete ahead of a fast approaching deadline one of the biggest advantage of time management is that it allow as to be more efficient by being in control of how we spent our time .we can focus better on important task and better focus leads better effiviency .effective time management allow student to more or less time because they are attention is foccussed not wasting time such as social media .time is gold.once waste it cannot getback so dont waste time

Group of seven (G7) countries reached a consensus on increasing the global taxation on multinational giants. Global minimum tax will disincentivise multinational companies from tax base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS). BEPS are a set of techniques employed by private companies who have an international presence. It helps them to shift to low tax countries, otherwise called as tax havens, regardless of where they provide services. Tech giants like Amazon and Facebook are usually accused of engaging in BEPS. This leads to heavy losses specially for developing countries like India. Valuable revenue is lost and this affects directly affects development of a country.
Convention on BEPS is an initiative led by OECD and G20 countries. This will prevent private companies from exploiting the loopholes that exist in cross border taxation systems. BEPS convention will work alongside presently functional tax treaties but it will modify their application. It will provide a level playing field for domestic companies. It will also have a dispute resolution mechanism.
Like every law it will have a flip side as well. It will benefit many developing countries but will adversely affect low tax countries who were enjoying the benefits of a booming economy lead by investment. Many economies therefore oppose the convention. The lack of consensus thus stalls the progress of the convention. The organisation for Economic Cooperation and development (OECD) is engaged in negotiations with 140 countries on rules for taxing multinational digital services and eliminating tax base erosion. These long deliberations have not reached any conclusion.
Recent G7 meet is a ray of hope. Global minimum tax rate, decided at 15%, is a mechanism applicable to cross border profits. Governments would have the freedom to impose local corporate tax rate but if companies pay lower rates in a particular country, their home governments could ‘top-up’ their taxes to the minimum rate, eliminating the advantage of shifting profits.
G7 countries have done their bit by agreeing to a minimum global corporate tax rate of at least 15% apart from the tax a company will pay to the country where they make sales. Now G20 meeting in July 2021 scheduled for Venice will have to show support to the proposal by G7. This will be the first step against tax base erosion. Although many countries will get the benefit from the agreement, there will be negative effect on low tax countries as they might bleed white. Ireland for example made huge profits from multinational companies. Hence Dublin resisted changes in tax rules in European Union. 15% global minimum tax which is decided by G7 is thought as too low according to many experts. Albeit it is a welcome first step. It promises a level playing field for businesses and a positive competition.

India and BEPS
India is an important player in BEPS project and has already amended few domestic laws to tackle the problems related to it. These laws include country-by-country reporting (CbCR), patent box tax regime, amendments to income tax rules amongst other such moves. India can reap the benefits of the convention if all the members adopt the the anti-abuse outcomes of BEPS. The recent developments make India sanguine about BEPS convention.

Tamil Nadu

Lockdown Continue

in till June 14

 

 

 

The Tamil Nadu Lockdown Continue in June 14 the chief minister Stalin said on Saturday extended the COVID-19 lockdown by one more week from June 7 till 6 a.m. on June 14, but relaxed the restrictions region-wise based on the spread of the infection.

The curbs will be eased more in Chennai and districts in northern and southern parts, where the number of cases has come down, than in 11 districts, predominantly in the western Nagapattinam and delta regions, where the rate of infection is higher. However, shopping complexes, malls, tourist places, cinemas and salons will remain shut across the State.

government order issued by Chief Secretary V. Irai Anbu said that in Coimbatore, the Nilgiris, Tiruppur, Erode, Salem, Karur, Namakkal, Thanjavur, Tiruvarur, Nagapattinam and Mayiladuthurai, the easing of the curbs would be limited since the disease had not come under control. And the State, standalone provision shops, grocery stores, fish and meat stalls and platform shops selling vegetables, fruits and flowers will be allowed to function between 6 a.m. and 5 p.m.

Only wholesale trade will be allowed in fish markets and slaughterhouses. The district administration will identify adequate open spaces for wholesale fish markets.All government offices will function with 30% of their workforce. Match units can function with 50% of their workers adhering to the standard operating procedure. Shops selling electrical goods will be allowed to operate between 6 a.m. and 5 p.m. Bicycle and two-wheeler repair shops, hardware shops, motor spare parts sellers, stationery and book shops, vehicle repair shops of travel operators can also function between 6 a.m. and 5 p.m.People can travel in rented vehicles with e-registration. In taxis, three occupants, including the driver, are allowed. Autorickshaws can ply with two passengers.

 

 

Those who want to visit the Nilgiris, Kodaikanal, Yercaud, Yelagiri and Courtallam for “emergency” purposes should obtain an e-pass from the Collectors.Export units that export orders to fill and their vendor units in Coimbatore, Tiruppur, Salem, Karur, Erode, Namakkal, Tiruchi and Madurai will be allowed to work with 10% of their workers. But the permission is being granted only for executing export-related works and sending samples. As the mobile vending of vegetables and fruits  have been welcomed by people, it will continue. The Chief Minister, however, advised people to buy goods in shops near their homes and not to use two-wheelers and four-wheelers for shopping. the State the relaxations that have been in effect shall continue. These include the functioning of medical shops, indigenous medical shops, veterinary pharmacies and pet food shops. Milk and water supply, public distribution system outlets, fuel stations, LPG supply and all government departments handling essential services shall continue to operateOnly parcel service, including through food delivery applications, shall continue to be permitted at restaurants, hotels and bakeries from 6 a.m. to 10 a.m., from noon to 3 p.m. and from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. In the chief minister said tham.

 

By: G Gnana Priya dharshini

 

Forgiveness doesn’t mean accepting mediocrity, accepting the other person’s mistake. That’s not forgiveness. You know what forgiveness is?

The day you decide to move on. That’s forgiveness. You’re not going to be victimized by this person’s actions, but you want to move on- no more struggle, no more fighting.

Forgiveness is the day you say, “No, I’m not going to have the struggle. I want to move on.” This is your strength. This is your real strength. And that’s the day you have forgiven. That’s the day you have forgiven.

Khushi Agarwal

The ‘strategy of encirclement’ is a political and military strategy using which a country can encompass its rival nation with the help of its military bases and friendly territories and isolate its rival nation during the time of war. The encirclement of India by China is said to be originated in 2004 when the ‘ string of pearls ‘ hypothesis emerged for the first time. Under the ‘string of pearls’ hypothesis, china has been building a network of Chinese military and commercial facilities in the Indian Ocean region and trying to improve its relation such that it can be used against India when needed. These facilities stretch from the ‘horn of Africa’ to ‘China’s mainland port’. Many analysts believe that string of pearls, belt and road initiative and debt-trap diplomacy together completes china’s ‘encirclement strategy’. But this strategy of china is only to trap India from all four sides, there are also other ways by which China is trying to counter India one of which is its ‘ three warfare strategy’. Many countries use ‘three warfare strategy’ except India.

China in east africa

The most important Chinese asset in east Africa is Djibouti where China has built a military support base. This base came into existence in 2017. Djibouti is a strategic piece of land located in bab- el-Mandeb, which separates the Gulf of Aden from the red sea and is also a crucial chokepoint that guards the Suez canal. Due to Somalia based piracy problem, other than China, the US France Japan also maintained their respective military base in Djibouti. Other than this there is no official Chinese base in eastern Africa but analyst suspects that China is taking benefit of the economic compulsion of the East African countries and by using its debt-trap diplomacy china is investing a large amount of money in infrastructure projects in East Africa. A report from the centre for strategic and international studies (CSIS) points out that China is involved in 46 seaports in Africa and there is a certainty that Beijing will use these investments in future to enhance its military and political reach.

The Chinese naval activities have been seen at least in 6 seaports in Africa. The most important port in the red sea is Sudan’s ‘port Sudan’ and Eritrea’s port Massawa which are being built by China and operation of port Sudan is in control of China. Other than this Kenya’s port Lamu and Mombasa, and Tanzania’s port dar-es-salaam, maruhubi and mtwara port are also included in this list of ports with increasing Chinese presence.

China in the Persian gulf

The Strait of Hormuz located in the Persian Gulf is the next chokepoint of trade in the Indian ocean. In this area, Strategically located Oman is also been a nation accepting Chinese investment for a long time. It’s one of the examples here is ‘duqm port’ which earlier was a fishing village, now china is helping oman to make duqm port an industrial city and is planning to invest around $10 billion there. Other than this Yemen, China has signed several important deals in 2012 and 2013 which includes china national corporation for overseas economic cooperation (CCOEC), 3 natural gas-fired power plants and 2 container ports at Aden and Mokha worth $508 million. There is a major power in this region, Iran. After US sanctions on Iran, it has been in search of new economic partners in the region. Meanwhile, China has committed a 400 billion dollar investment in Iran in the next 25 years. It is believed that this deal will bring a positive push to China in middle east.

Role of Pakistan

Pakistan is considered the biggest security threat to India as it has been a substantial exporter of terrorism in India. Pakistan’s relations with China has been rapidly transformed in the last few years due to its increasing distance from the USA. Pakistan’s most strategic and important point is the port of Gwadar who’s construction rights had been allotted to China for 40 years.

Gwadar port in Pakistan is located near the Indian invested port chabahar in Iran. Gwadar becomes more important because it acts as a crucial link between China’s ambitious belt and road initiative and the maritime silk route.

Under BRI, China Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC) will provide direct access to Gwadar port to China. CPEC is already resented by India since it passes through Pakistan occupied Kashmir (pok). On the other hand, China and Pakistan’s increasing and improving military ties are also a concern to India. SIPRI report underscores that China is Pakistan’s largest arms partner country. The arms import to Pakistan from China has increased from 58.42% in 2009-18 to 69.12% in 2014-18.

China’s influence in Maldives

The CSIS’s ‘Asia maritime transparency initiative’ report claims that China has also been active in the Maldives for year’s now. Most important here are China’s island development projects in feydhoo finothu, kunaavashi and hulhumalé (which is located near Maldives capital ‘malé’). The Maldives became a cause of concern when the Maldives went through a political crisis in 2018 because of pro china president Abdulla Yameen. But later India felt relieved when in 2019 Maldives elections Ibrahim Mohamed Salih returned to power and Maldives politics was stabalised.

China’s influence in Sri Lanka

China’s debt-trap policy seems most pronounced in Sri Lanka where China has taken over the Hambantota port on lease for 99 years. Recently Sri Lankan parliaments had also passed a controversial Colombo port city bill. This bill will increase the hold of China on Colombo port city. China has also been working on two-hybrid renewable energy plants at ‘nainativu’ and ‘analaitivu’ islands which are located near Indian territory.

China in Bangladesh

After an agreement with Bangladesh in 2017, Chinese companies have purchased three natural gas fields in the country. China would also help Bangladesh to lay down a 220 km pipeline for importing oil to the Chittagong refinery. Bangladesh also granted access to Chittagong and Mongla ports to china in 2019. The Chinese plan to help Bangladesh financially in erecting embarkment for management of the waters of the Teesta river is concerning for India.

But massive protests were held on Friday in Bangladesh to mark the 32nd anniversary of Tiananmen Massacre in Beijing. Protesters at Baitul Mukarram Mosque in Dhaka wear blue masks representing Uighur repression and human rights violations by the Chinese Communist Party. These protests can work as a downfall between the relation of both countries as China doesn’t like any nation criticising the human rights violations done by the chinese. The importance of these protests increases as they were held on a very sensitive occasion, on the anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre which is the deadliest massacre ever performed by a country on its citizens and China wants to remove every aspect of this massacre from the history.

China in Myanmar

Coco island in Myanmar is strategically most important for China. It is located in the Bay of Bengal around 300kms south of Myanmar. This can be a serious threat to india as gives china a door in the bay of Bengal. The most shocking thing here is ‘coco island’ was a gift from india to Myanmar. It acts as a Chinese electronic intelligence installation in Myanmar. PLA is also been building a military base on Alexandra channel in coco island north of Andaman islands. China has been using the islands since 1994 when Myanmar leased the islands to China. These islands are also very close to the ‘strait of malacca’ which act as a major choke point in the region. It’s an ideal location from where china can monitor India’s naval and missile launch facilities. The development of a deep water port kyaukpyu by China in 2020/has worried india the most. China’s veto in the UNSC on the recent military coup in Myanmar reflects China’s will to strengthen its relationship with Myanmar.

China’s influence in Nepal

After all those areas China’s most important engagement is in Nepal. The pro china PM K.P Oli has encouraged Chinese investment to reduce dependency on India. The most important project is the strategic railway line which connects Tibet’s Lhasa to Nepal’s Kathmandu and further extends to Lumbini, which is very close to India Nepal border. Plus China has started construction of China Nepal friendship industrial park. Which is located in Nepal’s eastern Jhapa district. Recently there is a rumour on the streets of Nepal that K.P Oli( pm of Nepal) is a Chinese agent and he’s been honey-trapped by the Chinese. The brain behind these rumours is of the Chinese ambassador in Nepal. She guided the Chinese secret service to trap PM Oli. This shows the grip of China on Nepal. One of the examples of the hold of China on PM Oli is when china took several villages of Nepal under its control, PM Oli didn’t comment a word against China. 

Tajikistan & wakhan corridor

According to the reports of the ‘Washington Post’, China has set up its second foreign military base 12kms off the Wakhan corridor in the north of India. Wakhan corridor is located on the trijunction of India china and Afghanistan. Currently, it’s connected to pok which is illegally occupied by Pakistan. India’s only foreign military is located at Farkhor in Tajikistan which makes the Chinese base more concerning for India.

India’s counter encirclement

India’s necklace of diamond strategy has been in the news recently. For its success, some Indian ports are important. First of them is the Changi Naval Base of Singapore. Indian navy does have access to this naval base of Singapore since the 2018 agreement which it uses for refuelling. Indonesia has granted access to Sabang port to India for military purposes in 2018. These ports can help in countering Chinese assets in Myanmar. India is also improving its relations with Myanmar and is developing Sittwe port in Myanmar. Indias access to the Duqm port in Oman can be proved crucial go countering Chinese ports located at Persian gulf, the horn of Africa and Pakistan. Indian got access to its Indian air force and the Indian navy here in 2018. Chabahar port of Iran is also being developed by India, but its benefit to India is debatable because of changing political equations. India already has military access to Seychelles and assumption islands in eastern Africa and also operate a coastal surveillance radar system here. It can be used to counter china if in case it gets a military base with a dual facility in east Africa. Other than this India has taken many steps in economic fields like increasing engagement with QUAD. In 2016 the Japanese PM Shinzo Abe has launched an ” expanded partnership for quality infrastructure” ( EPQI) which was supposed to counter China’s belt and road initiative. India has convinced Japan for the Asia Africa growth corridor (AAGC) in 2017 as an alternative to the china maritime Silkroad. With the existence of the USA, Japan, Australia led blue dot network (BDN), EPQI can become a massive project. To counter China’s ambitions against India’s encirclement strategy, india needs to expand its counter encirclement policy rapidly.

Pollution is the largest environmental cause of disease and premature death. Pollution of air, land, and water cause more than 9 million premature deaths (16% of all deaths worldwide). That’s three times more deaths than from AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria combined and 15 times more than from all wars and other forms of violence. Global health crises, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic further highlight the need for continued action in addressing environmental pollution. Ongoing research is finding close links between air pollution and incidence of illness and death due to COVID-19.
It is critical to address pollution because of its unacceptable toll on health and human capital, as well as associated GDP losses. Pollution management offers no-regrets options that can alleviate poverty, boost shared prosperity, and address the vital demands of millions of people for healthier and more productive lives. In addition, pollution management can enhance competitiveness, for example, through job creation, better energy efficiency, improved transport, and sustainable urban and rural development. Pollution management can also make substantial contributions to climate change mitigation through actions, such as reduction of black carbon emissions, which contribute to both air pollution and global warming.
Industrialization and urbanization have intensified environmental health risks and pollution, especially in developing countries. Air pollution, lead poisoning, inadequate water supply, sanitation and hygiene, and hazardous wastes cause debilitating and fatal illnesses, create harmful living conditions, and destroy ecosystems. Pollution stunts economic growth and exacerbates poverty and inequality in both urban and rural areas. Poor people, who cannot afford to protect themselves from the negative impacts of pollution, end up suffering the most.