What Is Affiliate Marketing ?

Affiliate marketing is an online marketing advertising channel that puts merchants in charge of an online marketing sales force. In simple words, affiliate marketing involves referring a product or service by sharing it on a blog, social media platforms, or website. The affiliate earns a commission each time someone makes a purchase through the unique link associated with their recommendation.

Roles in Affiliate Marketing

Merchants (Advertiser)

If you have a company and website, and you sell a product or service, you are a merchant. The merchants are the companies that sell a product and/or service, and they are the ones that pay affiliates for their marketing campaigns.

Affiliates (Publisher)

Affiliates are the website owners who allow a merchant to advertise on their site or blogs, respectively. They are the one who get paid whenever an ad performs, so it is in their best interest to have merchants with which they have an affiliate partnership.

The Affiliate Network

An Affiliate Network handles all tracking, reporting and payment to affiliates. It allows affiliates to find merchants which are suitable for their site.

It is a win-win situation for both affiliates and merchants.

Affiliate Marketing Process

Affiliate marketing is a transaction on a commission basis.

A website owner (e.g. a blogger) provides advertising space on his website (website owner: PUBLISHER/AFFILIATE).
The website owner offers this space to a company (or an organization) who wants to sell products or services (company: MERCHANT/ADVERTISER).
By placing the links of the partners on their webpages they pass on the traffic to the advertiser‘s webpage.

Some companies have a huge affiliate network at their disposal which guarantees them a constant flow of traffic.

How Does Affiliate Marketing Works?

Find and join an affiliate program
Choose which offers to promote
Obtain a unique affiliate link for each offer
Share those links on your blogs, social media platforms, or website
Collect a commission anytime someone uses your links to make a purchase.

Pros of the Affiliate Marketing

Zero/Minimal Investment – You can run your business almost with free of cost using different blogging sites. You just need to promote products.
Learning through earning – Affiliate marketing also can generate relatively passive income through commission, the ideal money-making scenario. Though initially you’ll have to invest time creating traffic sources, your affiliate links can continue to deliver a steady paycheck.
Work From Anywhere – One of the reason why affiliating marketing is booming on the internet is because you can run your business from anywhere in the world. You just need to have a laptop and internet connection to run your business.

Cons of Affiliating Marketing

Commission Based Payment – Companies largely paid the cost per click (traffic) on banner advertisements. As technology evolved, the focus turned to commissions on actual sales or qualified leads. Though there are still ads for the visitors to click on, affiliate programs usually only pay when a purchase takes place.
The early affiliate marketing programs were vulnerable to fraud because clicks could be generated by software, as could impressions.
No Guarantee of Revenue – Pay-per-performance can be a tremendous opportunity as well as a significant risk. No one promises that working as an affiliate marketer will be easy and that you are going to earn the expected revenue right away. It’s a challenge you have to face and put all your efforts into maximizing the opportunity, but all in all, it’s difficult to predict how much money you will make on it in the end.

Sinistral

Photo by Ave Calvar Martinez on Pexels.com

As of today, the 13th of Aug is celebrated as the day to recognize 10% of the overall population as being the left-handed one.

So every one of us has been around the person who uses his left hand just like most of us do with our right, But most often this question do swarms that what makes them do it with their left hand and what is that makes them different from us in the field of creativity, intuition and many more fields like these?

To know more and also to celebrate this day, the article will take you through many facts terms and everything about the start to end on this day about left-handed peoples.

“1976”:

Why we have chosen this day of 13th Aug to celebrate the uniqueness of left-handed is still a mystery to many of us, so to clear the clouds here we go with its first-ever appearance.

Lefthanders International Inc. founder Dean R Campbell first observed the day in 1976 to showcase the sinister and their advantages and disadvantages.

Handedness

Handedness is the use of any side of your hand which a person prefers moreover another side for doing any task.

This is just not about how you can prefer any side it’s mostly related to which side of your brain is more active, fast, and stronger resulting in the opposite side of the hand working faster.

According to the researchers, left-handed people are epigenetic which means their DNA has inherited extra information apart from the standard or basic inheritance from the environment around them or the physical factors around them too.

The fallacy of Smartness:

Many of us think that being left-handed means they will be smarter than any of the right-handed, I mean this is a given, not to pop up your bubble but the researchers think differently.

According to the study on a large number of data and people, they have concluded that they can not make a visible difference every time with different left-handed and right-handed person in this case of smartness, as both of them all around have performed same only when put into the situation or given the task.

NO, Not an anomaly!!

Before these ’20s people used to think of left-handed as an anomaly and they were forced to use their right hand, as at that time this was a rare of rare condition to happen.

And now they are considered as the brainy ones but apart from this the functioning of left-handed is indeed different from the right-handed and being only 10% of the population do add up in their special card.

Creativity and Communication at their Feet!!

We don’t know for sure if they are smart than right-handed ones or not but what we have seen is they are better in communication, more confidant with their memorizing power and also they got the knack for productivity, creativity and also taking things with a different way of the view.

Conclusion

We celebrate this day not just to celebrate the lefties but to also acknowledge the struggle of the lefties in the world for right-handed people as most of the things around us are made by keeping right-handed people in mind.

Immunity Boosting Drinks – That Helps to Boost and Strengthen Your immune system

It is most important to have a healthy diet as well as take immunity boosters to prevent. Chances are that people who have a better immune system will be able to deal with infections better. Here are some easy-to-prepare homemade drinks that will not only keep you fit but also strengthen and boost your overall immune system. These nutritional drinks can be made with ingredients that are easily available in your kitchen.

1.Kadha: Homemade Kadhas prepared with common kitchen ingredients is one of the most traditional drinks that is often consumed by people to boost immunity. It is extremely beneficial to fight cold and cough. It also treats the respiratory disorder. It is prepared by boiling basil, cloves, cinnamon, ginger, carom seeds, turmeric and black pepper. You can also add honey or jaggery for taste.

2. orange fruit juice:

Vitamin C has antioxidant properties, which protect your cells from substances that damage the body. A vitamin C deficiency can lead to delayed wound healing, an impaired immune response, and the inability to properly fight infections. However, if you have a cold, high doses of vitamin C might result in less severe symptoms and a quicker recovery. For adults, the tolerable upper limit is 2,000 milligrams a day.

Notable nutrients in orange juice contains

vitamin A from the oranges and grapefruit
vitamin B-6 from the oranges
vitamin B-9 (folate) from the oranges

3.Masala tea: It is quiet popular drink in India due to its essential benefits All the ingredients of this immunity booster Masala tea are easily available in your kitchen. The tea is not only anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory but is also rich in compounds that prevent infections. The phytonutrients present in raw honey have antibacterial and antiviral properties that boost the immune system and fight sickness. Boil grated ginger, cinnamon, peppercorns, cloves, cardamoms and tulsi leaves in half a cup of water for 30 minutes. Add a little bit of honey and have it.

4. veggie green Smoothie: This healthy and tasty green smoothie is perfect for summer. It is rich in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Folic acid and other antioxidants that prevent inflammation and help the body fight infections. Take some spinach, pineapple, lemon juice, freshly chopped ginger, and almond milk or yoghurt and blend them all in a mixer. Serve it cold.

5. Turmeric milk: Also called as Haldi doodh. As the name suggests, it is prepared with turmeric, honey and milk. Turmeric contains a compound called curcumin which modulates the immune system and its strong anti-inflammatory properties can help in inflammation and pain as well. Boil milk add turmeric and serve warm with honey to taste. Turmeric Milk helps to heal injuries. Drinking haldi doodh helps to recover from an injury and also keeps the infections at bay. It is antibacterial in nature which prohibits the attack of infections in the body.

6. Honey Lemonade: This is another easy-to-prepare drink with zero hassle that not only treats sore throat symptoms and cough but also keeps the respiratory tract hydrated and fights off extra mucus. Boil three to four cups of water in a deep pan and add grated ginger, one-inch cinnamon stick, three chopped garlic cloves, one teaspoon mint juice and lemon juice. As it blends, cool it for a few minutes and add honey and drink warm.

Writing Good Articles Article Submission Tips And Writing

It is no secret that a good way to gain publicity and visitors for your website is to submit articles on quality sites. At the same time I strongly believe that submitting your articles on sites which share the same niche (or category) as yours is a better way to indicate search engines about the category of your article. For example it does not make a lot of sense to publish an article of travel or tourism on a finance website or a technology blog. The visitors of a travel website are likely to be in a mindset of vacation ideas, hotels, airline deals, events and travel attractions. Now if a visitor comes across your article on a travel site, it not only provides a reference link back to your website but most important the person is actually interested in that niche.

We will briefly put together a few points which one should consider while submitting their articles. We have selected travel niche as an example for these article writing tips.

1. Basic strategy of writing articles:

Your article should be written in simple English and easily understandable my most users. It does not need to be too long but usually recommended no little than 300 words, preferably more around 500 words. Clearly state what the travel article is about, use short paragraphs and bullet points. Always provide true facts, good or bad. Consider using use numbers and figures in the text in your articles wherever applicable.

2. Title:

Always use good attention-grabbing titles which not only contain your main keywords, but also give the brief idea to the users that what your travel article is about.

3. Keyword density:

Well if your article is about New York tourism then we recommended that you should have it in your title and multiple times in the body of your article. There are several free tools available on the internet to evaluate your article’s keyword density.

4. Link to your site:

If you have a website, then you should certainly provide a link back to your site, if this article is about a section inside your site then consider giving the inner link over your homepage.

5. Bookmark your article with Sites: Once submit travel article and it is published you should consider it book marking using Delicious, Reddit, Digg and Stumble upon. Since these are social bookmark sites, this will also deliver significant traffic to your website. Similarly subscribing to the RSS feed using sites like bloglines and netvibes has similar advantages.

6. Write often: People and search engines are always looking for new articles. You will not only have more links pointing back to your site but also real organic traffic.

The legend of ‘kamikaze’

The literal meaning of ‘kamikaze’ is ‘divine wind’. The relation with the Sung China that had been established in the Heian period was still prospering during the beginning of the Kamakura period. But this relationship started to deplete when China was conquered by the Mongols.

The Mongols first conquered China and then Korea and after conquering the two it laid eyes on the Japanese empire to conquer it and make it a part of the vast Mongolian empire. The most epoch-making event during the Kamakura period was the supposed try of the Mongolian conqueror Kublai Khan to capture Japan and make it a part of the expanding Mongolian empire.

The first attempt to invasion by the Mongols took place in 1274 in northern Kyushu but even before their attempt to attack they were allegedly hit by a typhoon that destroyed a large portion of their army and forced them to return back to China, according to the tales of the warriors. There were about 500 to 900 fleet of ships that were carrying around 40,000 Mongolian soldiers to attack Japan but while they were at the sea a typhoon hit the fleet leading to drowning of several of the Mongolian soldiers and many of the ships sank. But, a lot of scholars at this day believe that they were not struck by any typhoon at least not on their first attempt at invasion of Japan.

After this first attempt of invasion by the mongols, the Japanese built about 2mt high walls along the beaches to protect themselves from future invasions. After seven years of waiting the Mongols returned once again to try their hand in invading Japan but to no avail were able to do that. This time as the Japanese had built walls on their shores the Mongols were unable to find an area to land. After spending months on the sea they were destroyed by a great typhoon. The second fleet was larger, consisting of two forces with 4400 ships.

On the second attempt by Mongols at invasion of Japan, the Mongols again attacked northern Kyushu in 1281 with an army of 140,000 warriors, outnumbering Japanese soldiers, but, they were again forced to turn back to China after a battle of seven weeks with the Japanese soldiers and then struck by an actual typhoon. The typhoon led to death of half their soldiers and a few ships. After the storm the surviving Mongolian soldiers were killed by the Japanese soldiers. After this mongols never tried to invade Japan ever again. This typhoon is believed to be an interference of the deities to protect Japan from foreign invasion and was then referred to as ‘kamikaze’ or the ‘divine winds’. It is believed that it was god ‘Raijin’ was the one who turned these storms against the Mongols.

Source: Mikiso Hane

Career opportunities after acquiring bachelors degree in journalism

☆This article is especially for those who consider that journalism is all about NEWS. Actually it’s not…..

In today’s changing world, Journalism and Mass Communication has a very significant role to play in educating and enlightening the masses about the things happening around the world. With the changing economy, increasing news channels, advertising agencies, and radio stations, there are numerous career opportunities for you across the nation and even abroad, if you plan to take up Bachelor of Arts: Journalism and Mass Communication (BAJMC). You can plan which field to opt for, keeping in mind your area of interest, your communicating & writing skills, the job which will help you upskill the future scope.

If you aspire to study BJMC, but are uncertain about which career option to choose after completing the course, then consider the various engaging and popular career options as given below.

■Career Options after BJMC:
Talking about the job perspective in Journalism and Mass Communication, then you can prefer to make your career in either Print Media or Electronic Media. While Print Media deals with newspapers, journals, digests, magazines and news agencies, the Electronic Media consists of television, radio, graphics, film events, advertising, corporate communications and the new media.

¤Career Options with Print Media
If you plan to go into the print media field dealing with newspapers, magazines, journals etc. then you can become:

•Reporter

•Correspondent Reporter

•Feature Writer

•Editor

•Critic

•Cartoonist

•Columnist

•Proofreader

•Photojournalist

¤Career Options with Electronic Media:
•Radio Jockey

•Video Jockey

•Researcher

•Anchor

•TV Correspondent

•News Analyst

•Broadcast Reporter

•Researcher

¤Career as a Web Journalist

Moreover, you can also become a Web journalist. As a Web Journalist, your work will be to make news sharp and interesting. Editing and presentation of news, making use of eye-catching captions and key facts will also be a part of your work.

¤Other Career Options after BJMC:
Apart from the media industry and broadcasting career, you can also go for other options such as-•Graphic Designer

•Marketing Manager

•Professor of writing and reporting

•Run own business

Problems under Taika reforms

to know what are Taika reforms read my last post.

Taika Reforms

In Taika reforms the official posts were given only to men but they were not completely based on just their abilities and education but also on their social standing. High level positions were still reserved for the men belonging to the esteemed families. There were government colleges but they were only meant for the kids with a good family lineage and were not open to all. But then also even if a person had got the necessary education they were only entitled to high government positions by their family background. Higher the background, higher the position. The positions of the people at the higher ranks were inherited by their children. Thus these families never lost their status even after the implementation of the Taika reforms.

The main objective of bringing the Taika reforms was to restate the imperial authority by reorganizing the government and abolishing the title system called Kabane, which was being followed. The capital was set in Nara and land tax, military service and labor compulsions were introduced on the subjects, and also all the private weaponry was taken in the imperial armory. Even an exam system was established but unlike in China, the exam system was only meant for the noble families in Japan.

These reforms did mean the non- existence of women in the government offices. Before these reforms were implemented women used to work in the imperial courts, basically, as managers. Now the women were more restricted and much more in official platforms in japan just like in China.

Photo by Evgeny Tchebotarev on Pexels.com

In the Taika reforms only men were allowed to serve in the government as women were considered to be very emotional and not able to be practical when need be. The women could still very well inherit the property but they could not anymore increase their estate by the way of political authority as they were completely removed from possessing any political position.

Many social practices were ended to bring the Japanese society more closely to the Chinese practices. But still the powerful clans enjoyed their authority in the imperial court as well as the regional governments.

In the start of the 8^th century, the officials that were seated at the higher ranks of bureaucracy were no more than 125 men. These were the men that had the highest offices as were positioned as the governors of the major provinces. At the top most level there were at least ten court aristocrats who were the key decision makers. They were considered to be politically, socially, and culturally the most elite of all. This led to the widening of gap between the common people and the aristocrats and it was further increased as the aristocrats were not willing to leave the capital and serve in the countryside.

The Taika reforms shortened the independence of the local officials and placed the power in the hands of the imperial court which ultimately became the place for the place of appeal or complaint for the people.

Why were they rejected

The Taika reforms were introduced in Japan because the Han and the T’ang dynasties in China both used these reforms and were extremely successful, but unfortunately these reforms were rejected by the Buddhist monks and even the aristocrats because they wanted to brace Japan’s own culture and not become like the Chinese and follow their ideologies and cultural tradition. The Taika reforms were meant to be better adjusted to the Japanese political system but it did not please the aristocrats that were already inside the system. There was confrontation from the Japanese aristocrats as well as the Buddhist monks, they were against the Taika reforms. Rather than the imperial court the regional lords had more power. The aristocrats and the Buddhist monks slowly started to gain a lot of support from the Japanese people and were then able to prohibit the Taika reforms that were implemented. Hence the Taika reforms failed to influence the people of japan and Japanese society. Japan shifted from the imperial system to a regionalized government.

Source: Mikiso Hane

BIZARRE LAWS , AROUND THE WORLD

Law and order is important for every country . It is what helps countries be in discipline , lower crime rates , help the country develop and be a safe place for it’s citizens to live in . But there are some countries with really weird laws that will surely surprise you :

SWITZERLAND – This is by far the weirdest law I have heard . Switzerland has a curfew on flushing toilets after 10 pm at night. Though you won’t be put in jail for doing so , you sure would be yelled at . It is consider courteous if you abide by this .

AUSTRALIA – In Australia , it is completely prohibited for a person to disturb weddings and funeral services . If someone does so , they will be banned from attending any such events completely , and be fined with the hefty sum of $10,000 and could also be put in jail for upto 2 years

EGYPT – There are really some tight laws regarding voting in Egypt . It is mandatory for citizens who are eligible to vote , to give their votes , if not they can be charged with heavy fines , and even a prison sentence .

JAPAN – In Japan there are really strict postal laws that protect all postal properties . Putting an ice cream in a mail box is seriously punishable , as people can be heavily fined or put in jail to serve a sentence lasting upto 5 years . Putting ice cream in a mail box might be a funny prank , but not in Japan .

CARTOON

A cartoon is a type of illustration that is typically drawn, sometimes animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved over time, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor; or a motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Someone who creates cartoons in the first sense is called a cartoonist, and in the second sense they are usually called an animator.

The concept originated in the Middle Ages, and first described a preparatory drawing for a piece of art, such as a painting, fresco, tapestry, or stained glass window. In the 19th century, beginning in Punch magazine in 1843, cartoon came to refer – ironically at first – to humorous illustrations in magazines and newspapers. Then it also was used for political cartoons and comic strips. When the medium developed, in the early 20th century, it began to refer to animated films which resembled print cartoons.

Fine art:

A cartoon (from Italian: cartone and Dutch: karton—words describing strong, heavy paper or pasteboard) is a full-size drawing made on sturdy paper as a design or modello for a painting, stained glass, or tapestry. Cartoons were typically used in the production of frescoes, to accurately link the component parts of the composition when painted on damp plaster over a series of days (giornate). In media such as stained tapestry or stained glass, the cartoon was handed over by the artist to the skilled craftsmen who produced the final work.

MASS MEDIA:

In print media, a cartoon is an illustration or series of illustrations, usually humorous in intent. This usage dates from 1843, when Punch magazine applied the term to satirical drawings in its pages, particularly sketches by John Leech. The first of these parodied the preparatory cartoons for grand historical frescoes in the then-new Palace of Westminster. The original title for these drawings was Mr Punch’s face is the letter Q and the new title “cartoon” was intended to be ironic, a reference to the self-aggrandizing posturing of Westminster politicians. Cartoons can be divided into gag cartoons, which include editorial cartoons, and comic strips. Comic strips, also known as cartoon strips in the United Kingdom, are found daily in newspapers worldwide, and are usually a short series of cartoon illustrations in sequence. In the United States, they are not commonly called “cartoons” themselves, but rather “comics” or “funnies“. Nonetheless, the creators of comic strips—as well as comic books and graphic novels—are usually referred to as “cartoonists“. Although humor is the most prevalent subject matter, adventure and drama are also represented in this medium. Some noteworthy cartoonists of humorous comic strips are Scott Adams, Steve Bell, Charles Schulz, E. C. Segar, Mort Walker and Bill Watterson.

Scientific:

Cartoons such as xkcd have also found their place in the world of science, mathematics, and technology. For example, the cartoon Wonderlab looked at daily life in the chemistry lab. In the U.S., one well-known cartoonist for these fields is Sidney Harris. Many of Gary Larson‘s cartoons have a scientific flavor.

Animation:

Because of the stylistic similarities between comic strips and early animated movies, cartoon came to refer to animation, and the word cartoon is currently used in reference to both animated cartoons and gag cartoons. While animation designates any style of illustrated images seen in rapid succession to give the impression of movement, the word “cartoon” is most often used as a descriptor for television programs and short films aimed at children, possibly featuring anthropomorphized animals, superheroes, the adventures of child protagonists or related themes.

Political Cartoon:

Political cartoons can be humorous or satirical, sometimes with piercing effect. The target of the humor may complain, but can seldom fight back. Lawsuits have been very rare; the first successful lawsuit against a cartoonist in over a century in Britain came in 1921, when J. H. Thomas, the leader of the National Union of Railwaymen (NUR), initiated libel proceedings against the magazine of the British Communist Party. Thomas claimed defamation in the form of cartoons and words depicting the events of “Black Friday”, when he allegedly betrayed the locked-out Miners’ Federation. To Thomas, the framing of his image by the far left threatened to grievously degrade his character in the popular imagination. Soviet-inspired communism was a new element in European politics, and cartoonists unrestrained by tradition tested the boundaries of libel law. Thomas won the lawsuit and restored his reputation.

Pokémon – A Popular Series Is Back On Netflix with its new live-action

Variety reported that “Lucifer” showrunner Joe Henderson has been attached to write and executive produce the untitled series, which is in the early stages of development. The series will mark Hollywood’s second live-adaptation of the multimedia franchise following 2019’s Ryan Reynolds and Justice Smith-led film, “Pokémon Detective Pikachu.”

The show is in very early development as confirmed by Netflix. Netflix is a bit of a hit-and-miss when it comes to series. They will invest in nearly everything but also won’t hesitate to pull the plug if necessary. By its very nature, Pokémon is a franchise that needs a high budget to translate well into live-action.

Reports about Netflix’s “Pokémon” series broke several days after Netflix reported its Q2 2021 earnings, which included the news that Netflix will begin including certain video games in its members’ subscriptions. Though details were vague, the company said it viewed gaming as another new content category for us, similar to our expansion into original films, animation, and unscripted TV. Netflix is home to multiple existing Pokémon shows including “Pokémon: Indigo League” and “Pokémon Journeys.”

Pokémon abbreviated from the Japanese title of Pocket Monsters and currently advertised in English as Pokémon the Series, is a Japanese anime television series, part of the Pokémon company’s Pokémon media franchise, which began broadcast in Japan on TV Tokyo in April 1997. Pokémon is considered as the most successful video game adaptation of all time. Pokémon games have been part of people’s lives for decades. The series is considered to be one of the first anime series on television to attain this level of success with Western audiences. It has additionally been credited with allowing the game series to reach a high degree of popularity.

The Pokémon anime series was largely credited for allowing anime to become more popular and familiar around the world, especially in the United States, where the two highest-grossing anime films are both Pokémon films.

The Pokémon anime has been going strong for 23 years now, and it doesn’t show any signs of stopping. Its protagonist, Ash Ketchum, has traveled around every prominent region in the Pokémon world on his journey to becoming a Pokémon Master. Throughout his travels, Ash has experienced endless adventures. He’s caught all kinds of Pokémon, met countless friends and allies, and fought against numerous foes. The anime has plenty of material to adapt from, and the series could easily take some of these most popular storylines and translate them into live-action.pa

While detective Pikachu film released in 2019 directed by Rob Letterman. detective Harry Goodman goes mysteriously missing, prompting his 21-year-old son, Tim, to find out what happened. Aiding in the investigation is Harry’s former Pokémon partner, wise-cracking, adorable super-sleuth Detective Pikachu.

The team behind the live-action series could take the greatest Pokémon games from each generation and adapt them into individual seasons in an anthology show. They could also take the best elements from each and create a single, cohesive, long-term storyline that spans several seasons. The possibilities are endless, and every fan would love to see their favorite game come to life.

Taika Reforms

The introduction of Taika reforms in japan

The Taika reforms were brought by emperor Kotoku in 645. They were a set of doctrines written after death of Prince Shotoku, and they united Japan.

Emperor Kotoku was the 36^th emperor of japan and his ruled from 645 to 654, until his death in 654. He enacted the Taika reforms and the Hasshou kyakkan during his reign as an emperor.

Before the Taika era began, japan was under the Soga clan which united the nation and they also dominated to court for 50 years.

The characteristic features of taika reforms

The T’ang dynasty’s political model and practices were implemented but not in their complete entirety, but with changes to suit the Japanese society. The first step taken towards the implementations of the reforms was to establish the ultimate supremacy of the imperial court. Then the reorganization of the central government took place along with the abolishment of the offices of Omi and Muraji and in their place the minister of right, left and center took charge. The minister of the center was the most important and the personal advisor of the emperor.

Taika reforms were a set of political and social innovations that were implemented after the defeat of the Soga clan. They were an imitation of the Chinese system of a centralized government. The Chinese tradition of naming the eras of an emperor’s reign was being followed by emperor Kotoku and so he, for his reign took the name “Taika” meaning “Great Reform” as the name of the era in which he reigned. More specifically, his rule is identified into more than one era, namely, ‘Taika’ from 645 to 650 and ‘Hakuchi’ from 650 to 655.

Japan imitated the centralized government system of political development from the Chinese T’ang Dynasty, and these reforms were a bit more practical in Japan than in China because Japan was a small island country but China was very big in size and different tribal and ethenic groups also posed as serious problem for the Chinese government to implement them. Plus quarrelsome neighbors also made it difficult for the Chinese government to retain proper and strict order in the country.

The Taika reforms were based on the ideas of Confucianism and on the political philosophies that came from China.

According to the Taika reforms the ruler was now the emperor and not just a clan leader, who exercised absolute authority.

The Taika reforms firstly abolished any private ownership of land and established a feudal system. That is all of the land belonged to the emperor ultimately although the lords could exercise some power in their respective land, but still all the land was under the emperor who enjoyed absolute authority.

Secondly, the freedom of the regional officials was reduced and a centralized administration was established which was run by educated bureaucrats. The new military organizations and administrations that were answerable to the emperor were established in capital as well as all the provinces.

Thirdly, the construction of a road network began, even a survey was conducted regarding the population density and about the use of land and productivity of the land for fair distribution of the land. The main idea about the redistribution of land was to cut short the land holdings of the clan leaders, to shrink the number of people under them so as to reduce their power and authority. Because of this the land and the clan heads were now under the direct control of the imperial government.

But this idea of fully nationalizing the land was not completely implemented as some important clansmen were given some freedom to hold certain amount of land as per their ranks. And as a special advantage to the aristocrats some estates were made tax- free.

The land that was nationalized was redistributed among the people. Everyone was given smaller allotments of the land except the salves that were given nothing. But the imperial family and the nobles were given huge land holdings; from 16 to 160 acres depending upon the rank and the positions held by them. Every 6 years the redistribution of land took place.

Lastly, the fair redistribution of land lead to a new and equitable system of taxation according to the reform. A tax of 2- 3 percent on the harvest was levied. The burden of the land tax was fairly lesser but the burden of other forms of taxation was nearly exhausting for the people. Each person had to perform unpaid labor as a form of tax for the use of land. The labor performed by the people was to be minimum for 10 days but it could be extended to forty more days. But if the person was not able to perform labor he had to pay the taxes in the form of produce. All the male had to provide gods such as silk and hemp fabrics as a part of taxation. The estates under the monasteries and shrines were however exempted from paying any taxes. The authority to levy taxes lied in the hands of the provincial governors. But the term of the provincial governors on the office was only up to 6 years unlike that of the county heads who had lifetime tenures and after then their sons used to inherit the authority.

Finally, students were also sent to china to learn everything about their culture. From their reading and writing system to the eating habits of the people. The students learned about the Chinese literature, the religion followed, as well as the architecture. The impact of these Chinese social practices can still be seen in Japanese culture till date.

There was also a military code as well. About one- third of all the males, ranging from 20 years old to 60 years old were required to serve in the army, and the person who will be enlisted in the army was selected by the respective families for a period of one to three years.

The nation was again organized into 66 imperial provinces and 592 counties and these counties were further broken down into townships having 50 households in each township. Governors were appointed to and they were given the task of enquiring and preparing the data about all the land holdings and which clan was the land under, who held the ownership of the land.

But this did not mean the end of authority of the clan heads in any way. The clan heads were appointed as the governors of the provinces.

Source: Mikiso Hane

Why can I survive without all my organs?

It is a no-brainer that you need your brain and your heart, hurtand you wouldn’t last long if your liver failed.

But the lungs and Kidneys come in pairs, so you could survive if one of them failed. People who have lost their spleens in accidents have gone on to live healthy lives. The tonsils and appendix, meanwhile, are practically useless and are routinely removed when they become inflamed.

Why are some body parts pointless?

Called “vestigial” organs, this useless body parts are leftovers from our evolutionary ancestors, who actually needed them. Take your wisdom teeth, for example.Today crowd our mouth and often need to get yanked by the dentist, but our primate ancestors had larger jaws and needed the extra choppers in case some rotted away in the days before tartar-control toothpaste. Our tailbone – or coccyx – is a leftover from animals that needed tails for balance or grasping branches.

Why do we have eyebrows?

Humans have evolved to become less hairy in the past six million years or so, but we still have those clumps of fur above our eyes.Beyond their role in facial expressions, eyebrows act like natural sweatbands, preventing rain and sweat from running directly into our eyes.

Why do we have nipples?

They were there even before you were even born. Human embryos in the womb develop according to a blueprint that’s design for males and females. Eventually, the embryo begin to take on features specific to their gender, but not until after they have already developed nipples. Later in life, chemicals called hormones trigger changes in females so that they can nurse their young. Males don’t have those hormones, so they are stuck with nipples that are nothing more than chest accessories. Other than a few exceptions ( mice, platypuses, stallions), most male mammals have nipples. Nipples don’t cause males any harm, which is probably why evolution hasn’t given them the ol’ heave – ho.

Why do people get goosebumps?

Like youryou are wisdom teeth and your tailbone, goose bumps serve no purpose in modern humans. They are created by itty-bitty muscles in our hair follicles, which raise the bumps as a reflex reaction sudden drop in temperature or feelings of panic, or anger, or extreme fear. Goosebumps fluffed up the body hair of our much furrier ancestors to help trap heat or make them look larger to threatening animals. Today, goose bumps just make you look like you need to borrow a sweater.

Why do we have a belly button?

For the same reason dolphinsthe same reason dolphins, cats, dogs, bats, and other “placental mammals ” – animals nourished inside their mothers before birth – have navels. In other words, you can thank your mother for that link connector on your stomach. Before you were born, when you were still developing in the womb, you were hooked up to your life – support system through a special code that plugged into your navel. Through this “umbilical cord “, you received food and oxygen and passed waste. The day you were born, you let out a cry and began breathing on your own. That let the doctor know he or she could cut off the umbilical cord, leaving you with a belly button as a souvenir. Whether it’s an “innie” or an “outie,” we all have one !

References :

WHY – Answers to everything, Impulse publications.

Tendai Sect of Buddhism

After emperor Kammu moved the capital from Nara to Kyoto, he started to encourage the growth and formation of new Buddhist sects. For doing that a new Buddhist movement was headed by two leaders, Saicho and Kukai, who were also known as the ‘Kobo Daishi’. Saicho went to China in 804 to study Buddhism and was influences by Tien Tai and Ch’an who were zen Buddhists. And then upon returning to Japan he founded the Tendai sect of Buddhism.

The teachings of the Tendai sect are based on the lotus sutra, as the sect asserted the belief the lotus sutra was identical to the living Buddha. As a supporter of Mahayana Buddhism, Saicho worked towards laying the foundation and spreading its beliefs countrywide. He claimed that the doctrines were based on the actual words of Buddha and so claimed the precedence of the Tendai sect. they believed that Buddha nature is present in all of the living beings and that everyone can find their road to salvation. They addressed that the path of salvation is contemplation and moral perfection.

The Tendai sect was also somewhat related with esoteric practices. The ‘Tendai Esotericism’ was known as the Taimitsu. The esoteric rituals were given equivalent prevalence to the exoteric teachings of lotus sutra in the Taimitsu doctrine. Just like the belief in Shigon sect, in Tendai sect it was also believed that performing mudras, reciting mantras and doing meditation will help attain or connect with our inner Buddha nature. In Tendai sect much like Shigon sect, the doctrine enabled the Buddhists to reconcile Buddhism and Shintoism. But according to Buddhism, a person should be free from all of the worldly attachments, including activities like poetry and literature were to be scraped as well in order to attain enlightenment. Unlike other sects the Tendai sect believed in contemplation, so they believed that the contemplation of poetry and literature could also lead to enlightenment. Tendai sect played a major role in spreading Buddhism in japan through their schools, as some of their schools are still going on.

IMPORTANCE OF ORGAN DONATION

Long back our scriptures used to say feed a hungry man is the most sacred thing a person can do.

But now in this modern world the above epithets has been changed. Many people all over the world are suffering from various ailments which leads to the disfunctioning of their organs and slowly leads to death. How to save these unlucky patients from death is big question mark. The growth of medical science has helped a man to save the patients from the deaths. Medical science has developed to such an extent that almost all the organs of a body can be substituted. But how to get these substitutes. Here comes the importance of organ donation.

Every year August 13 Organ Donation Day is celebrated.The requirement for organ donators has been rising essentially throughout the long term. This developing need is because of the way that the quantity of individuals with end-stage organ disappointment has been expanding and, with propels in transplantation, a more prominent extent of these individuals are qualified for organ transplantation.

Organ donation is a chance to help other people. Individuals who are on an organ holding up list ordinarily have end-stage organ illness that fundamentally impacts their personal satisfaction and might be close to the furthest limit of their life. Getting an organ can turn into a groundbreaking occasion for these individuals. It can likewise help a family work through the lamenting cycle and manage their misfortune by realizing their adored one is helping save the existences of others.

The organ waiting list is always long. Every day, there are approximately 2,00,000 people on the waiting list nationally for an organ.

Individuals are kicking the bucket while waiting for an organ. Every day so many individuals around the world kick the bucket waiting for a organ. Organ gift can be a fulfilling and positive experience. Not only that but we get the satisfaction of helping others.

Countries that haven’t reported a Single case of Covid-19.

Most of the world has been struggling to contain COVID-19. The disease which was first reported in China, has become a global pandemic that many countries are still trying to get under control. But a hand full of nation have not reported a single case of COVID-19 to the World Health Organization (WHO).

Most are in southern and central area of Pacific ocean.

Federated States of Micronesia
The Marshall Islands
Naru
The Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Tuvalu
Kiribati
Samoa
Niue
Tonga
The Cook Islands
Palau

These small islands are all technically Covid-19 free. Health experts these 12 countries escaped the pandemic because of a combination of remoteness, small number of people as their combined population adds up to just 1.6 million and because they closed borders when the Corona virus that causes Covid-19 began to spread widely. But just because they haven’t reported any Corona virus cases, does not mean these nations have entirely dodged the effect of the pandemic.

Tourism plays a major role in the economics of most of these countries. And as in many around the world, a lack of visitors has left hotels and restaurants struggling. The owner of the hotel says since March 2020 they have lost their whole business and have zero income.

Palau is one of the island nation feeling the economic pain of Covid-19. Streets that are normally bustling with visitors from abroad have been all but empty for months. With no guests, hotel in the country have also had to make serious cuts. A hotel owner says

No one in our hotel is making their full salary. Most people are 50% or below. Everybody is feeling the pain as thers is no economic opportunity left.

The Palau government recognized early on the economic toll of shutting it’s borders to foreigners. He says

Our capacity, our reality a situation here its that you’re better of with prevention than trying to do something about it later on. So, it became a question of economics or people’s lives, and the right thing to do for anybody in this world is to consider people’s lives.

The Government provided generous subsidies of up to US $10,000 for local people and a few hundred dollars for foreign workers affected by the halt in tourism. Not all Pacific countries rely on tourism as a main driver for their economies.

Countries like Marshall Islands and Federated States of Micronesia rely on fishing and farming and financial aid from the US. But with limited health care facilities and population spread across many islands, the nation’s priority has been keeping COVID-19 from their shores and educating citizens about thorough handwashing, social distancing and other precautionary measures.

Other than Island Nations

In addition to these tiny island nations, there are other countries that haven’t reported a single case of COVID-19 to the WHO: North Korea and Turkmenistan.

North Korea closed its borders in January 2020 and it’s leader Kim Jung-un has repeatedly said the disease is a “potential” threat. He even put the town of Kaesong, which borders South Korea, under lockdown in July 2020. But many observers are are sceptical about the country’s official statistics. They say North Korea’s weak healthcare system may not be able to confirm Corona virus infections, or that the ruling party may simply not be very transparent about whether there are any cases.

Health experts are also wary of Turkmenistan’s claim to be COVID-19 free. It is among the hardest countries in the world for foreigners to enter, and it also closes its borders early on in the pandemic. The authorities government in Turkmenistan also says there are no people in the country living with HIV or Aids, a claim most scientists say is just not plausible.

Back in Paula, where people are doing their best to ride out the economic toll of the pandemic, hotel owner have a bleak prediction about the future. They’re predicting how long will they continue to lose money before suspending more operations or total operations and just wait for the whole world to settle down? Because it’s a financial question arises, we’re willing to lose money, but how much money are we willing to lose?

So while border control, good hygiene and social distancing seem to have effectively kept the disease away from these places, there is no defence against the economic devastation caused by the global pandemic.

Shingon Sect of Buddhism

A new Buddhist movement was headed by two leaders, Saicho and Kukai, who were also known as the ‘Kobo Daishi’. Saicho went to China in 804 and upon returning to Japan he founded the Tendai sect of Buddhism. Like Saicho, Kukai also went to China and studied there for three years.

Kukai was was a Japanese Buddhist monk, poet, scholar and a calligrapher. During the duration of his stay in China he came under the influence of esoteric Buddhism. Later when he returned to Japan he founded the Shingon sect or the True Word sect of Japanese Buddhism. With the help of several emperors, Kukai was able to preach shingon teachings and establish shingon temples.

Kukai is also very well known for his artistic and linguistic achievements. He was an outstanding calligrapher and is also credited with the invention of the kana syllabary but this is not completely authenticated.

Kūkai, considered the protection of Japan is one of the central functions of Buddhism. Kūkai, in order to serve his nation established his Shingon center on Mt. Koya, south of the capital in 819.

Dainichi Nyorai, also known as the ‘Maha Vairocana’ or the Great Illuminator was the chief or principal deity in Shingon sect. ‘Maha Vairocana was the primal form of Buddha from whom all the other forms of buddha emerged. These form not only included the deities but also the demons, saints and goblins, were said to have been emerged from The Great Illuminator alike. According to Kukai teachings, the Maha Vairocana, had its prensence in all things the universe holds, the body, speech and the thought of Maha Vairocana, is what constitutes the life of the universe.

The Shingon sect of Buddhism aimed at eliciting the vitality of the ‘three mysteries’ in the bodies, speech and thought in each and every individual. The Great Illuminator is present in each and every being present in this universe, all of the beings have the mystical bodies of the Great Illuminator, the voice is his mystical mouth and the thoughts are his mystical mind. All of this is beyond the comprehension of an ordinary persons mind, hence they are but mysteries to our senses. According to the teachings of Esoteric Buddhism, the body, mouth and mind is united with the Great Illuminator by practicing mudras for the body, reciting mantras for the mouth and performing meditation for the mind, this enables the person to connect to the Buddha. After one connected to the Buddha they will find the road to their salvation.

Shingon sect also played the role of reuniting or reconciling Buddhism with Shinto. The shigon sect proposed the idea that all the gods and goddesses in Shintoism are the manifestations of the great Buddha. During the end if the Heian period they were successful in the reconciliation of Shinto and Buddhism and it came to be known as ‘Dual Shinto’.

SAVE WATER SAVE LIFE

Water is one of the qualities valuable gifts to humankind. All living things comprise for the most part of water eg. the human body is of 66% of water. It is clear, dreary fluid that seems blue when seen through a thickness of 20 ft. The tone reflects from actual causes as well as from suspended pollutions. The edge of freezing over of water is 0 degree centigrade and its limit is 100 degree centigrade.

Water is the most fundamental part of life and is imperative for food. The significance of water in our eating routine is obvious as it assists the body with performing explicit metabolic errands and manages our internal heat level, additionally water is interesting as it’s thickness is like that of cell cellular material. There is no question that water is all over and our Earth and the life occupying it. Water contains no calories and is a huge factor in getting in shape. It is the vital segment in deciding the nature of our lives and is a widespread dissolvable.

We should encourage youngsters to wind down spigots firmly after use, change sprinklers to water your grass. Plant in the fall when conditions are cooler and gather water utilized for flushing leafy foods to water house plants, wash your pets outside in a space of your yard that requirements water and fix spilling pipes, reap downpour water. Individuals go through our planets new water quicker than it can normally be renewed in this way, save water for the Earth, family and local area. Social perspectives on water depend on predominant strict perspectives, similar to the Ganges stream in Hinduism. Water is known as the solution of life. So Conserve water to save life.

13th August: Left-Handers Day and 10 Interesting Facts about Lefties

Did you know there’s a day dedicated solely to left-handed people? There is, indeed! International Lefthanders Day is observed on August 13th. The purpose of the day is to emphasize the uniqueness of persons who accomplish daily tasks with their left hand. Many well-known people all across the world are left-handed. Former US President Barack Obama is at the top of the list, followed by renowned CEOs like Mark Zuckerberg, Ratan Tata, and Bill Gates. Lady Gaga, Julia Roberts, and Amitabh Bachchan, all well-known stars in the entertainment business, are left-handed. Left-handed people include Walt Disney, Charlie Chaplin, and Albert Einstein.

Photo by ANTHONY SHKRABA production on Pexels.com

Left-handed persons have long been considered and treated as misfits. Left-handed persons in the Middle Ages were afraid of being accused of witchcraft. Many schools in the United States compelled left-handed students to “retrain” their natural proclivities in order to become right-handed as recently as the early twentieth century. Left-handedness was once thought to be caused by slight brain injury during early development, according to scientists. Over time, these misconceptions have been dispelled, and some have even claimed that being left-handed is linked to superior IQ. While the claim is intriguing, medical research yields mixed findings.

Every year on August 13, the International Left-Handers’ Day 2021 is commemorated. It’s a way to honour those who were born left-handed, in contrast to the majority of the population. While we mark this day by calling up our lefty friends and family, let us look into some fun facts about lefties. Here’s a list of ten interesting facts about lefties that distinguish them in a variety of ways.

1. Left-handed people make up a significant portion of the population, accounting for almost 10% to 12% of the global population.

2. The right half of the brain is used more by left-handed people. The human brain is cross-wired, with the right half controlling the left side of the body and the left half controlling the right. As a result, persons who are left-handed use their right side of the brain more than people who are right-handed.

3. Some people are terrified of the left side or those who are left-handed. Sinistrophobia is a phobia that can occur as a result of this illness.

4. According to a study conducted at Queen’s University in Belfast, a foetus which prefers to suck its left hand while in the womb will grow up to be left-handed. Left-handedness is determined in part by genetics.

5. After a stroke, left-handed people recover faster. Our language function is controlled by the left side of the human brain, which is heavily employed by right-handed persons. As a result, strokes on the left side of the body tamper with a right-handed person’s language. Left-handed people, on the other hand, rely less on the left side of the brain. As a result, they can regain their language abilities more quickly after a stroke.

6. In several sports, left-handed people have an advantage. When it comes to sports, they are usually good in one-on-one situations. Left-handed players generally have an advantage over right-handed opponents in sports like baseball, boxing, fencing, and tennis since they are accustomed to competing with right-handed players.

7. Being a left-handed person is considered unnatural in many cultures and countries. Left-handedness is considered impolite in eastern nations such as India and the Middle East. Left-handed children were once required to use their right hands in the United Kingdom as well.

8. Left-handed people have an advantage when it comes to typing. They can type nearly 3,000 English words using only their left hand on a QWERTY keyboard. However, only about 300 words can be typed using just the right hand. The most frequently typed letters are found on the left side of the keyboard.

9. Tasks and memory are handled differently by right and left-handed people. Left-handed people are known for multitasking effectively since they consider the tasks as a whole.

10. While this is still debatable, studies have shown that the majority of artists, including painters, musicians, and even architects, are left-handed.

Digital Detox in 10 Steps

Digital Detoxification is a practice to limit the use of technology. Digital Detox helps us to enhance the quality of our lives. It is a way to stop the constant urge to use social media.

Do we really need Digital detox?

Our lives are filled with technology. According to a study we give about 2.5 hours daily on social media. But some take it too further than this.

Here is the list to check if you need a Digital Detox.

Do you:

Use social media late night instead of sleeping;
Get stressed, anxious, and irritated without social media;
Think about social media even after using cell phone;
Check likes, shares, comments constantly.

If yes, then you need Digital Detox.

Benefits of Digital Detox

1. Keep your life balanced.

According to Ayurveda a balanced mind, body, and life is key to all round health.

2. Sleep benefits

The health of a person can be judged by his sleeping pattern. If you have irregular sleep and insomnia then your body might have some underlying problems. Using digital detox helps you sleep peacefully.

3. Time for Family and friends

Time spent with family and friends boost your Psychological health. Digital detox helps you to focus on your life. This gives you emotional wellbeing.

4. Embracing reality

The contemporary world is virtually oriented. People spend time getting perfect selfies, try to maintain a hectic online presence, and feel insecure about themselves. Same cycle again and again.

Digital detox will give you inspiration, boost your creativity, and give you true values of life.

5. Look younger

A study shows that people who spend more time on screen age faster than others. Looking at the screen gives your skin wrinkles and lines. Digital detox helps you look fresh and young.

Check out this infographics for quick ways to detox:

https://videopress.com/v/JEP73zOV?resizeToParent=true&cover=true&autoPlay=true&controls=false&loop=true&muted=true&persistVolume=false&preloadContent=metadata

How to Digital Detox

Here are 10 useful tips that you can do to Detox digitally:

1. Keep away from your cell phone for a minimum of 5 hours. You can increase as you like.

2. Keep away from distractions such as Netflix, gaming, other digital products.

3. Read a book during disconnection. Write a journal about how you feel during this time. You will be amazed that in a month your health has progressed.

4. Go out. Embrace nature. Do some activity that connects you to nature such as gardening, walking on beaches, swimming, or cycling in the morning.

5. Play with your pets. This is the best time to bond with your pets.

6. Do volunteering. Give your hand to a person in need. Everything that goes around comes around.

7. Spend time with your family.

8. Declutter your house.

9. Use cell phones ONLY when necessary. If you really need your cell phone, you may use it. Make sure you don’t exceed your time limit.

10. Practice your hobby and master it. Remove negative self with Digital Detox.

Do these 10 simple Digital Detox techniques every week. You will be surprised with the productivity and efficiency you see in your life and work.

Here are 5 famous motivational quotes to inspire you while you Digitally Detox.

The body achieves what the mind believes.

Be patient with yourself. Nothing in nature blooms all year.

Your life only gets better when you do. Work on yourself and the rest will follow.

Nurturing yourself is not selfish—it’s essential to your survival and your well–being.

It is health that is real wealth and not pieces of gold and silver.

Origin of Premier league

New season of English domestic football tournament Premier league( PL ) is starting 13th august (14th august according to IST). PL is considered as one of best top tier league in football world. 20 team contest with each other playing 38 games( 19 home and 19 away) in a 8 month long season from august to may. This league operates on system of promotion and relegation. Bottom three teams gets relegated to English football league( EFL ). PL was founded on 20th February 1992. Total 49 clubs have participated in PL, seven of them have won the title. Also the PL is the most watched sports league in the world with potential TV audience of 4.7 billion.

Build Up

Before PL, EFL was the top tier league in English football system, founded in 1888. Decline of English football in late 1980s and money were the main reasons behind PL’s foundation. Late 1980’s was a difficult period for English football as stadiums were crumbling, violence in stadiums was rising. In addition English clubs were banned from European competition for five years after Heysel stadium disaster in 1985. EFL was behind from other European leagues in attendance and revenues.

This made change in system necessary. During 1980’s major clubs of English football started transforming in business ventures to maximize revenues. Manchester united, Everton, Tottenham Hotspurs and Arsenal were among the top leaders in this transformation. To increase the power and revenue, top clubs threatened to break away from the league. They succeeded and begged 50% share of income. By the beginning of 1990’s, big clubs again considered breaking away for EFL. This time they also had fund for the upgradation of stadiums.

In 1990 managing director of London weekend television, Greg Dyke met with representatives of “BIG 5” for establishing Premier league, but they required backing of The football association (the governing body of English football). Luckily The FA didn’t have good relationship with football league so they agreed and released a report in June 1991 which supported the idea of Premier league.

Foundation

At the close of 1990-91 season, a proposal was tabled to create a new league that would bring more money into the English football. The idea was to make English clubs compete with teams across the Europe. The newly formed league was given commercial independence from The FA and EFL. Even though Dyke played a significant role in establishment of PL, he and his company lost out in the bidding for broadcast rights to Sky.

In 1992 resigned from football league and on 27th may of same year The FA Premier league was formed as a limited company. 22 clubs from football league joined the PL including big clubs like Arsenal, Manchester united, Liverpool, Leeds, Everton, Tottenham hotspurs etc.

It broke up the 104 years old football league that had operated till then with four divisions. Now PL would operate as top tier league and and football league with bottom three divisions. The competition format was not changed and the rules and regulations of promotion and regulations were adopted from football league as it is.

The first season was help in 1992-93 with 22 clubs. The first ever PL goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield united. Sheffield united won the match by 2-1 against Manchester united.

So that was the brief history of Premier league. If you want watch the new season in India, tune in to star sports select.

Confucianism

Confucianism was founded by Confucius or King Fu-Tzu, who was also a Chinese scholar. It is a system of ethics and stresses over loyalty, correct behavior and obedience to hierarchy. The concept of Confucianism was developed in China but then found its way to Korea and then to Japan. Confucianism is a practical and moral philosophy that is mainly concerned with society and government and having the main agenda to maintain social order and to have affective governance. Confucianism lays emphasis on three things:

the mandate of heaven
great Maine
words of Sages

The concept of ‘Mandate of Heaven’ refers to the order from above, that is, influential people in society influence other people and those people follow the ways of those influential people.

The Great Maine is the one who is supreme so that all the other people could accept his words without any questions and doubts. If the person is morally incapable or unfit they cannot be a ruler as he won’t be able to maintain order. Only a person who is morally and ethically fit is capable of being a ruler as according to Confucianism a ruler needed to be a paragon of virtues.

He should have a respectable attitude towards heaven and the sages. He is also expected to acquire the virtues of benevolence, righteousness, wisdom and propriety.

Confucius taught the principle of cardinal relationships. He emphasized on the importance to preserve the order in the society was based on these five relationships:-

between Lord and his Subject
between Father and Son
between Husband and Wife
between Brothers
between Friends

There must be loyalty between lord and his subject. Respect and love between father & son and husband & wife, as well as between brothers and friends must have mutual trust.

In all the above relationships except that of friends all involve authority of one over another. This power or authority belongs to the one who is superior among the two. Among the five mentioned relationships above, three of them are family relations.

Confucius emphasized that if the relations between families are good then the order of the society will be maintained as families form the base of an empire. So it is necessary to have ideal relationships.

please do your research I am just a student myself.

FEMALE EDUCATION

Education is a critical aspect of one’s life. It boosts your self-confidence, acquires skills and knowledge, and shows your capabilities. Female education continues being a trending topic since many years. There is consistently a notion created that girls are born to do household chores, get married, and look after their families. Is this why women are born? Education is medium to take wise decisions and have great control in life and women have the ability to do so.

EQUAL RIGHTS TO QUALITY EDUACTION IS IMPORTANT.

Women encounter multiple barriers when they are on a journey of gaining education. The pressure of their families and society restrict them from doing so.

When women have the ability to look after their families and perform household chores, aren’t they capable enough to educate themselves? Why is there discrimination between men and women in this field? As the Indian Constitution says ALL HAVE EQUAL RIGHTS TO QUALITY EDUCATION, why isn’t no one following it? Our nation is in a development phase in all the fields. No doubt we are gaining our motive, but once give a thought, if women involve in this movement what would the success rate be? Women should have the rights to contribute their ideas, articulate their thoughts to the world.

IMPORTANCE OF FEMALE EDUCATION

If females are provided with education, the poverty in our nation will gradually decrease.
According to UNESCO, if all females in developing countries completed primary education then child mortality would drop by a sixth, saving nearly one million lives annually.
Girls are definitely the future of our nation. Girls who receive an education will undoubtedly make it a priority for their children.
By educating women, they can uplift their families, support them financially.
Educating females can reduce the chances of child marriage as this can deliver a negative impact on female education.

PROMOTION OF FEMALE EDUCATION

The awareness of female education should start from rural areas.
Schools should be constructed in villages so that women can feel safe to attend.
Security should be provided to women so that they don’t hesitate to come out of their house to attend schools.
Stern actions should be initiated for any crime against women.
Abortion of female feticide should be banned and if it is practiced, punishment should be given.
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao campaigns should frequently be conducted to bring awareness about the importance of education in a woman’s life.

Women shouldn’t hold themselves back assuming what people will think about them. They should do what their heart says. In today’s world, people do believe female education is important. Frequent encouragement is needed to completely stop this act. When women can look after her family, why can’t she look after her nation? Women can inevitably cause a change in society, if she is given a chance. She doesn’t expect much from her family and close ones. She merely wants them to support her decisions and help her achieve success.

It is important for women to voice out their thoughts, ideas and decisions. They should reveal to the world that they are capable enough to balance both their personal and professional life. That day is not too far when all the women in this world would be happily attending schools and colleges and gaining abundance of knowledge.

Taoism

‘Taoism’ or ‘Daoism’ is a fundamental idea, a philosophical tradition of Chinese origin. Taoism dates back to 4^th century BC. ‘Tao (道)’ is a Chinese word meaning ‘way’ or ‘path’. Tao is said to be a cosmic force that flows through all the things and binds them together. It emphasizes on doing what is natural and going with the flow; to live in harmony with Tao. Taoism was the first religion/idea to enter into Japan followed by Confucianism and then Buddhism. It is believed that everything that is in existence is governed by Tao and that it is the way of ‘nature’. It does not have any rigid rituals and practices but it rather believes in achieving perfection by becoming one with nature. There are three essential elements of Tao- Naturalness, Simplicity & Spontaneity.

The concept of Tao is very rich and complex. The ‘Way to Tao’ is considered to be ‘Way of Water course’. Just as a river has no pre-planned idea where it would flow and just follows the nature, that is; if nature wants it to turn left, it turns left and if the nature wants it to take a right turn, it turns right. Taoism believes we should be just like that river, we should also flow freely and let the nature decide our course and destination. Taoism teaches us to be neutral in nature or so to say conduct ourselves according to the altering cycles of nature because “NOTHING LASTS FOREVER”.

Taoism, Shintoism or Confucianism for that matter does not answer the big questions-

Who we are?
Is there any meaning in life?
What is reality?
What happens after we die?

Laotzu, is the founder of Taoism and was an ancient Chinese philosopher who wrote the ‘Tao Te Ching’, which is the religious text of Taoism.

In the religious text, Tao Te Ching, Laotzu wrote about the essential elements of Taoism, which were as follows:-

Following the course of nature and living in harmony with it- Taoism stresses on doing what is natural and just going with the flow. To leave everything to nature and to just follow its course freely and everything eventually will fall in its place.

Spontaneity- as Taoism emphasizes on going with the flow of nature it also means not setting any plan beforehand so spontaneity becomes a part of it. When we have a habit of pre-planning everything a small roadblock in our plans stresses us out but if we leave everything to the natural flow then even if there is a slight change in the direction it doesn’t affect us and we become quick on our feet and spontaneous in our approach which ultimately boosts our confidence and make us quick thinkers.

Rejection of rules and regulations- similar to Shintoism and Confucianism, Taoism does not have any defined set of rules and regulations and also because Taoism does not believe in following any pre-plans course of action but to change oneself according to the changes in our surrounding so it is rather meaningless as well to have any defined set of rules.

Emphasis on intuition over reaction or intellect- Our conscious mind is where our sense of reason and intellect resides and guides us to the choices that we ‘think’ we want or what we ‘think’ is correct. But in our subconscious mind, where our ‘intuition’ resides, always shows us the path that that we ‘believe’ to be correct and what we ‘feel’ that we ‘need’ in actuality. Intuition is more powerful and accurate than reason and intellect because it makes us follow the path that we believe in deep inside.

By ethical point of view, Taoism is ‘action without action’. It means that if we keep doing something repeatedly it becomes natural for us and we stop identifying it as it just comes to us naturally and we let the nature to take over ourselves and our actions.

I am just a student learning about these things. please do your own research.

Digital Education in India.

With the world getting a virtual transformation during the ongoing pandemic, the open digital education has become the need of the hour to assist the students with bridging the gap between time and knowledge. As Covid-19 gripped the world with its microscopic spikes and brought the entire world to the standstill, several sectors of the economy and market took a hit and had to be shut till they could be operated without risking the lives of their foot soldiers on duty.

Lockdowns were imposed all over the world and with that came the need to keep the world running and the virtual world came to the rescue. In India, lockdown started from 21^st March 2020 and is expected to last till 14^th April 7, 2020, however, given the rapid spread of coronavirus in the community, the decision of uplifting the lockdown remains much anticipated.

One of the major schedule and lifestyle change occurred in the life of students all across the country as the schools and colleges were shut down immediately under the protocol of lockdown to safeguard the future generations. Nevertheless, with the termination of the lockdown still being the topic of debate it is not known for sure when the classes could be resumed and hence many universities have now opted for the digital education as a step forward to help the students stay focused on education.

What is Digital Education?

The term digital education refers to the innovative use of digital tools to deliver learning through teaching using effective modern day technological tools. Learning services could be in the form of face to face, blended or fully online courses. This provided the benefit of accessing the content at a convenient time and location to the learner thus resulting in a more personalized learning experience.

Besides that, this new tool is known to improve the interaction between the educator and learner, and the ability to provide the teachers with better feedback which further helps to enhance the quality of teaching.

A lawyer can provide advice and assistance as needed throughout the individualized education program (IEP) process while you do most of the work, or a lawyer can be directly involved as your formal representative. You can find special education Lawyer near me.

Digital initiatives in Higher Education by Indian Government

To ensure the smooth learning process during the lockdown and for students to avail the full benefit of e-learning, Indian HRD ministry has launched various digital initiatives which will allow them to participate in online classes as they would do it physically in colleges, and also utilize the study material to its full potential.

We provide you below with the list of digital platforms curated by various branches of HRD ministry.

Audio-video e-content

This initiative by the human resource department ministry provides the e-Learning platform for all the courses from class 9 to post graduation. Courses are hosted in four quadrants:

Video learning
Reading serial material
Self assessment test
Online discussion portal

The learning is provided free of cost but to avail the certification an amount has to be made to the department.

SWAYAMPRABHA

As described by the ministry, The SWAYAMPRABHA is a group OF 32DTH channels devoted to telecasting of high quality education programmed on 24*7 basis using the GSAT-15 satellite. Every day, there will be new content for atleast (4) hours which would be repeated 5more times in a day, allowing the students to choose the time of their convenience. The channels are uplinked from BISAG, Gandhinagar.”

The content includes

Curriculum based course content for University students
Curriculum based course content for students from class 9 to 12
Curriculum based courses that can meet the need of life for Indian citizens
Competitive exams preparation sets

Access Journals and E-books

National Digital Library

This initiative has led to the excess of free educational material to all, ranging from primary to post graduate level. It is believed to be extremely beneficial to all kinds of learners, students, teachers, lecturers, professors, research scholars etc. The material is available in more than 70 languages and extremely free of cost.

e-PG Pathshala

This is the platform providing e-Learning facilities to the postgraduate courses and it works through the following three verticals

1. e-Adhyayan

This platform provides video content and 700 + eBooks for various post graduate level courses

2. UGC MOOCS

UGC is one of the national level coordinator of SWAYAM and works on producing Postgraduate e-learning courses on SWAYAM.

3. e-Pathya

This is the vertical particularly created for the offline access of the e-learning material for the postgraduate students.

SHODHGANGA

Shodhganga is the platform that allows the Ph.D. scholars in all the streams deposit and publish their theses for access to the upcoming professional in their respective fields. Till now 250000 theses have been published on the esteemed site.

E – SHODHSINDHU

As stated on their respective website, e- Shodhsindhu aims to provide access to more than 15000 journals and a number of bibliographic and factual databases in a wide range of disciplines at a lower cost to educational institutions.

Accelerated hands on learning

1. e-Yantra

e- yantra is the platform founded by the IIT Bombay to train the engineers to solve the practical problems with practical solutions utilizing their engineering skillset.

It has divided its aim by inculcating various branches to look after the respective issues. Some of the initiatives are

e- yantra robotics competition
e- yantra ideas competition
e- yantra lab setup initiative
e-yantra symposium
e-yantra resource development canter

FOSSEE (Free and Open Source Software for Education)

This platform promotes the use of FLOSS(FireEye Labs Obfuscated String Solver)tools in academia and research.

Spoken tutorial

The aim of spoken tutorial is to popularize software learning. It provides wide range of subject learning for the utilization by school level to the university students especially addressing the Math and Science as areas of interest. The contents are available in multiple languages thus making it further accessible to our multilingual population.

Track your progress

VIDWAN

VIDWAN consists of database of profiles of research scholars, scientists and faculty members of leading academic institutions. It provides important information about their background, contact details, skills, accomplishments etc. This information is maintained by information and library network center and is very essential for the selection of various task force meant for different evaluation purposes in the country.

Shodh Shuddhi

Under this scheme, plagiarism detecting software, URKUND a Web Based Plagiarism Detection Software system, is provided to the thousand plus registered institutions across the country.

Basic concepts of Income tax Act, 1961

Income Tax is a form of direct tax. Income tax has to be paid by entitled whose taxable income exceeds certain amount fixed by the government.

Assesment year:

assessment year refer to the period of 12 months commencing on the 1st day of April every year. For the year 19-20 the assessment year would be 2020-2021.

Previous year:

The previous year is the year I which the income us earned. The income earned in the previous year is taxed in the assessment year. The previous year us the financial year preceding the assessment year. For the assessment year 2020-2021, the previous year is 19-20.

Assessee:

Assessee means a person by whom any tax Or any other sum of money id payable under this Act and includes:

Every person in respect of whom any proceedings under this act have been initiated for the assessment of this income or the income of any other person in respect of whom he is assessable Or loss sustained by him or by such other person or of the amount of refund due to him or to other such person.
Every person who is deemed to be an assessee under any provision of this act
Every person who is deemed to be an assessee in default under any provision of this act.

Person:

An individual
A hindu undivided family
A company
A form
An association of person or body of individual
A local authority
Every artificial juridical person .

FEMALE EDUCATION

EQUAL RIGHTS TO QUALITY EDUACTION IS IMPORTANT.

Women encounter multiple barriers when they are on a journey of gaining education. The pressure of their families and society restrict them from doing so.

IMPORTANCE OF FEMALE EDUCATION

If females are provided with education, the poverty in our nation will gradually decrease.
According to UNESCO, if all females in developing countries completed primary education then child mortality would drop by a sixth, saving nearly one million lives annually.
Girls are definitely the future of our nation. Girls who receive an education will undoubtedly make it a priority for their children.
By educating women, they can uplift their families, support them financially.
Educating females can reduce the chances of child marriage as this can deliver a negative impact on female education.

PROMOTION OF FEMALE EDUCATION

The awareness of female education should start from rural areas.
Schools should be constructed in villages so that women can feel safe to attend.
Security should be provided to women so that they don’t hesitate to come out of their house to attend schools.
Stern actions should be initiated for any crime against women.
Abortion of female feticide should be banned and if it is practiced, punishment should be given.
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao campaigns should frequently be conducted to bring awareness about the importance of education in a woman’s life.

JELLYFISH

Life is a beautiful
magnificent things,
Even yo a jellyfish.
~ Charlie Chaplin

Jellyfish

Jellyfish are mainly free-swimming marine animals with umbrella-shaped bells and trailing tentacles. Jellyfish and sea jellies are the informal common names given to the medusa-phase.

Special about jellyfish

Jellyfish have tiny stinging cells in their tentacles of stun or paralyze their prey before they eat them. Inside their bell shaped body is an opening that is its mouth. Tentacles hang down from the smooth baglike body and sting their prey. Jellyfish stings can be painful to humans and sometimes very dangerous.

Where do jellyfish live

They are found in oceans all over the world : at the surface, deep beneath the sea, in warm water, in cold water, some species of hydrozoa , even live in fresh water.

Jellyfish made of

Lacking brains, blood or even hearts, jellyfish are pretty simple critters. They are composed of three layers; an outer layer, called the epidermis, a middle layer made of a thick, elastic, jellyfish-like substance called mesoglea, and an inner layer called the gastrodermis.

Jellyfish reproduction

Jellyfish reproduce both sexually and asexually.one generation (the medusa) reproduces sexually and the next generation (the polyp) reproduce asexually….For both species, fertilized eggs developed into a multi-cellular plan planula and then into polyps that live on the sea floor .

Jellyfish purpose

Researchers describe jellyfish as a ‘Gingerbread house ‘ for fish,providing both food and shelter. Scientists at Queen’s University ,belfast,have discovered that jellyfish are providing habitat and space for developing larval and juvenile fish.

Colors

Some jellyfish are clear, but others are in vibrant colors such as pink,yellow, blue, and purple and often are luminescent.

Effects of Globalisation on Indian society

Globalization -A process of the “reconfiguration of geography, so that social space is no longer wholly mapped in terms of territorial places, territorial distances and territorial borders.”

Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, organizations, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology.

It includes the creation of networks and pursuits transforming social, economical, and geographical barriers. Globalisation tries to build links in such a way that the events in India can be determined by the events happening distances away.To put it in other words, globalisation is the method of interaction and union among people, corporations, and governments universally.

Effects of Globalisation in India

India is one of the countries that succeeded significantly after the initiation and implementation of globalisation. The growth of foreign investment in the field of corporate, retail, and the scientific sector is enormous in the country.

It also had a tremendous impact on the social, monetary, cultural, and political areas. In recent years, globalisation has increased due to improvements in transportation and information technology. With the improved global synergies, comes the growth of global trade, doctrines, and culture.

Globalization in the Indian economy

Indian society is changing drastically after urbanisation and globalisation. The economic policies have had a direct influence in forming the basic framework of the economy.

Economic policies established and administered by the government also performed an essential role in planning levels of savings, employment, income, and investments in the society.

Cross country culture is one of the critical impacts of globalisation on Indian society. It has significantly changed several aspects of the country, including cultural, social, political, and economical.

However, economic unification is the main factor that contributes maximum to a country’s economy into an international economy.

What are the factors aiding globalization ?

1) TECHNOLOGY :- has reduced the speed of communication manifolds. The phenomenon of social media in the recent world has made distance insignificant.

The integration of technology in India has transformed jobs which required specialized skills and lacked decision-making skills to extensively-defined jobs with higher accountability that require new skills, such as numerical, analytical, communication and interactive skills. As a result of this, more job opportunities are created for people.

2) LPG REFORM :- The 1991 reforms in India have led to greater economic liberalisation which has in turn increased India’s interaction with the rest of the world.

3) FASTER TRANSPORTATION :- Improved transport, making global travel easier. For example, there has been a rapid growth in air-travel, enabling greater movement of people and goods across the globe.

4) RISE OF WTO :- The formation of WTO in 1994 led to reduction in tariffs and non-tariff barriers across the world. It also led to the increase in the free trade agreements among various countries.

5) IMPROVED MOBILITY OF CAPITAL:- In the past few decades there has been a general reduction in capital barriers, making it easier for capital to flow between different economies. This has increased the ability for firms to receive finance. It has also increased the global interconnectedness of global financial markets.

6) RISE OF MNCs: Multinational corporations operating in different geographies have led to a diffusion of best practices. MNCs source resources from around the globe and sell their products in global markets leading to greater local interaction.These factors have helped in economic liberalization and globalization and have facilitated the world in becoming a “global village”. Increasing interaction between people of different countries has led to internationalization of food habits, dress habits, lifestyle and views.

Impact of Globalisation

Outsourcing: This is one of the principal results of the globalisation method. In outsourcing, a company recruits regular service from the outside sources, often from other nations, that was earlier implemented internally or from within the nation (like computer service, legal advice, security, each presented by individual departments of the corporation, and advertisement).

As a kind of economic venture, outsourcing has increased, in recent times, because of the increase in quick methods of communication, especially the growth of information technology (IT).Many of the services such as voice-based business processes (commonly known as BPS, BPO, or call centres), accountancy, record keeping, music recording, banking services, book transcription, film editing, clinical advice, or teachers are being outsourced by the companies from the advanced countries to India.

Conclusion

At last we can conclude that Globalization and marginalization go hand in hand in India. With millions of poor farmers, rural laborers, urban unemployed, slum-dwellers, 3 million refugees, 100 million street children, and the millions displaced by ‘the development’ projects, poverty in this era of globalization has assumed new dimensions. The question of “are the poor getting poorer?” related to inequality both nationally and internationally. It is apparent that in order to ensure that the potential gains from globalization are shared among all groups (rich and poor countries and between groups within a country) major reforms may be needed. As Amartya Sen states, “Even if the poor were to get just a little richer, this would not necessarily imply that the poor were getting a fair share of the potentially vast benefits of global economic interrelations.”

Women Empowerment

Nowadays Women Empowerment is one of the most important topic to discuss. In this modern era womens needs to become empower. Todays women can do every job which a men can do.

Definition of Women Empowerment

Women empowerment is often defined in some ways; it means accepting and allowing womens to take their decision, giving them education, and empower them to fly them as much as they can fly towards success.

It is the process that makes power in individuals womens. over their own lives, society, and in their communities. People are empowered once they are ready to access the opportunities available to them without limitations and restrictions like in education, profession, and lifestyle.

Feeling entitled to form your own decisions creates a way of empowerment. Women empowerment includes the action of raising the status of girls through education, raising awareness, literacy, and training.

Women empowerment is all about equipping and allowing women to form life-determining decisions through the various problems in society.

Economic Women Empowerment

Economic women empowerment increases women’s agency, access to formal government programs, mobility outside the house, financial independence, and buying power. Policymakers are suggested to support job training to assist in entrance within the legal markets.

One recommendation is to supply more formal education opportunities for ladies that might leave higher bargaining power within the home. They might have more access to higher wages outside the house; and, as a result, make it easier for ladies to urge employment within the market.

Strengthening women’s access to property inheritance and land rights is another method wont to empower women economically. This can allow them better means of asset accumulation, capital, and bargaining power needed to deal with gender inequalities.

Often, women in developing and underdeveloped countries are legally restricted from their land on the only basis of gender.

Having a right to their property gives women a kind of bargaining power that they would not usually have; successively, they gain more opportunities for economic independence and formal financial institutions.

Microfinance institutions aim for women empowerment in their community by giving them access to loans that have low-interest rates without the need for collateral. More specifically, the microfinance institutions aim to offer micro-credit to women who want to be entrepreneurs.

Some critiques claim that microcredit alone doesn’t guarantee women have control over the way the loan is employed. Microfinance doesn’t relieve women of household obligations, and albeit women have credit, they do not have the time to be as active within the market as men.

Political Women Empowerment

Political empowerment supports creating policies that might best support gender equality and agency for ladies in both the general public and personal spheres.

Popular methods that are suggested are to make social action policies that have a quota for the number of girls in politics and parliament positions.

Nowadays Women Empowerment is one of the most important topic to discuss. In this modern era womens needs to become empower. Todays women can do every job which a men can do.

Definition of Women Empowerment

Feeling entitled to form your own decisions creates a way of empowerment. Women empowerment includes the action of raising the status of girls through education, raising awareness, literacy, and training.

Women empowerment is all about equipping and allowing women to form life-determining decisions through the various problems in society.

Economic Women Empowerment

Often, women in developing and underdeveloped countries are legally restricted from their land on the only basis of gender.

Political Women Empowerment

Political empowerment supports creating policies that might best support gender equality and agency for ladies in both the general public and personal spheres.

Popular methods that are suggested are to make social action policies that have a quota for the number of girls in politics and parliament positions.

As of 2017, the worldwide average of girls who hold lower and single house parliament positions is 23.6 percent. Further recommendations are to extend women’s rights to vote, voice opinions, and, therefore, the ability to run an office with a good chance of being elected.Because women are typically related to child care and domestic responsibilities within the home, they need less time dedicated to entering the labor market and running their business.

Policies that increase their bargaining power within the household would come with policies that account for cases of divorce, policies for better welfare for ladies, and policies that give women control over resources (such as property rights).

However, participation isn’t limited to the realm of politics. It can include participation within the household, in schools, and, therefore, the ability to form choices for oneself.

Some theorists believe that bargaining power and agency within the home must be achieved before one can move onto broader political participation.

Barriers of Women Empowerment

Many ladies feel these pressures, while others became familiar with being treated inferior to men. Albeit legislators, NGOs, etc. are conscious of the Women empowerment.

Participation can have, many are frightened of disrupting the status of the ladies and still let societal norms get within the way of development.

Research shows that increasing access to the web also can end in the increased exploitation of girls. Releasing personal information on websites has put some women’s safety in danger.

In 2010, Working to Halt Online Abuse stated that 73% of girls were victimized through such sites. Sorts of victimization include cyber stalking, harassment, online pornography, and flaming. Harassment especially can be a significant barrier for ladies within the workplace.

It appears in most industries but is most notable within the following: business, trade, banking and finance, sales and marketing, hospitality, government officials, and education, lecturing, and teaching. This is a manifestation of unequal power relations between men and ladies.

Furthermore, the UN Convention on the Elimination of All sorts of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is urging for increased measures of protection for ladies against harassment and violence within the workplace. 54% (272) had experienced some sort of workplace harassment. Recent studies also show that ladies face more barriers within the workplace than do men.

When taking the median earnings of men and ladies who worked full-time, year-round, government data from 2014 showed that ladies made $0.79 for each dollar a person earned. The typical earnings for working mothers came bent even less—$0.71 for each dollar a father made, consistent with a 2014 study conducted by the National Partnership for ladies and youngsters.

While much of the general public discussion of the “wage gap” has focused around women getting equal buy an equivalent work as their male peers, many ladies struggle with what’s called the “pregnancy penalty.”

The most problem is that it’s challenging to live, but some experts say that the likelihood of getting a baby is often enough for employers to push women back from their line. Therefore, women are put during a position where they have to form the choice of whether to take care of within the workforce or have children. This problem has sparked the talk over maternity leave within us and lots of other countries within the world.

Role of Education in Empowering Women

It is said that education increases “people’s self confidence and also enable them to seek out better jobs and that they can work shoulder to shoulder with men.” They engage in debate and demand for social security, health care, and other entitlements to the government. Especially, education empowers women to form choices that improve their children’s health, their well-being, and their chances of survival. Education informs others of preventing and containing the disease, and it’s an essential element of efforts to scale back malnutrition. Furthermore, it empowers women to form choices that will improve their welfare, including marrying beyond childhood and having fewer children. Crucially, education can increase women’s awareness of their rights, boost their self-esteem, and supply them the chance to say their rights.

Despite significant improvements in recent decades, education isn’t universally available, and gender inequalities persist. A serious concern in many countries isn’t only the limited numbers of women getting to school but also the limited educational pathways for people who step into the classroom.

More specifically, there should be more efforts to deal with the lower participation and learning achievement of women in science, technology, engineering, and arithmetic (STEM) education.

Internet and Women Empowerment

The growing access of the online within the late 20th century has allowed women to empower themselves by using various tools on the web.

With the introduction of the planet Wide Web, women have begun to use social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter for online activism. In recent years, blogging has also become a strong tool for the tutorial empowerment of girls.

Consistent with a study done by the University of California, l. a. , medical patients who read and write on their disease are often during a much happier mood and more knowledgeable than those that don’t.

With the straightforward accessibility and affordability of e-learning (electronic learning), women can now study from the comfort of their homes. By learning to educate themselves through new technologies like e-learning, women also are learning new skills that will be handy in today’s advancing globalized world.

Ongoing Projects for Empowering Women

The UN came out with a group of goals called the Sustainable Development Goals, or SDGs, to assist make the planet a far better place. Of the 17, the fourth goal works to permit access to education for all people alike. An outsized effort has been made to incorporate women in schools to raise their education.

Similarly, the fifth goal focuses on empowering women and girls to realize gender equality through equal access to varied sorts of opportunities (health care, education, work, etc.).

Conclusion

After reading this article we can conclude that without women empowerment no nation can become succesful and development. Also it is the right of every women to live their life in their own way.

Women empowerment also helps womens to learn more and more things from society and to become strong in her life. It helps here in every steps of her life like study, career, marriage, as a mother and more.

Business Communication:

Definition and Meaning:

The word “Communication” has come from the Latin word “communis”, which means common. Thus, communication signifies sharing of ideas in common. The dictionary meaning of communication is to convey or exchange information and share ideas.

It is a process through which two or more persons transmit or exchange thoughts and ideas among themselves. According to W. H. Newman and C. F. Summer, “Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more persons.”

Communication is the process of transmitting information and understanding from one person to another or from one unit to other unit with a view to getting the desired response from the receiver. Through this process two or more persons exchange ideas and understanding among themselves to achieve the desired effect in the behaviour of another person.

It is a two-way channel for transmitting ideas, feelings, plans, commands, instructions, reports and suggestions that influence the attitude towards an organisation’s objectives. The communicator’s goal is to convey the meanings or ideas without distortion. Success of the leader and the enterprise depends upon adequacy of communication.

It is the responsibility of the managers to establish and maintain the channels whereby they can convey their own thinking and policies to the subordinates, and can receive their reactions and an account of their problems.

Elements of Business Communication:

1. Message:

This is the subject-matter which is transmitted or passed by the sender to the other party or group of persons. This might be opinion, order, suggestion, attitude, feeling, view, etc.

2. Sender:

He/she is the person who intends to make contact for passing information and understanding to other person.

3. Receiver:

The person to whom the message is meant for is known as receiver or communicate.

4. Channels:

Information is transmitted through certain channels (e.g., radio, television, telephone, letter, e-mail, etc.). The media is selected by the sender considering various factors.

5. Symbols:

These are the words, actions and signs which are passed on by the sender while communicating with the receiver.

6. Feedback:

When the receiver acknowledges the message of the sender and responds back to him/her, feedback takes place. Without feedback communication is incomplete.

Features of Business Communication:

1. Practical:

Effective business communication deals with the practical aspect of the information explaining why, how, when and the like queries. It avoids impractical, imaginary, unnecessary or repetitive information to eliminate waste of time. It conveys important information to the receiver.

2. Factual:

In general a business message contains facts and figures in place of overall idea. Important date, place, time, etc. should be clearly mentioned in a business communication.

3. Clear and Brief:

The language used in business communication should be simple, clear, brief and without ambiguity. Sometimes charts, photographs, diagrams, etc. are used to condense or clarify the information.

4. Target-Oriented:

A business communication must have a specific objective and must be planned properly so that the objective can be achieved.

5. Persuasive:

Business communication often plays a persuasive role. It persuades an employee to perform his/her duties, a customer to buy a product or service etc. The basic characteristics mentioned above are related to the message or information of the communication.

10 BEAUTY TIPS EVERY GIRL SHOULD FOLLOW

In today’s era, everyone wants their skin to glow all the time, look attractive and refreshing. Every single girl has dreamt of having a glowing skin, the skin that can grab everyone’s attention and of course why not, in today’s world everyone wants to look perfect. According to me, beauty is something that has the power to attract anyone not only from outside, but from inside too. I think every person should be attractive from inside first because it tells a lot about your character. Then it will automatically glow in your skin, but yes I know I am talking a little bit weird like giving you moral values that you have already taken from your schools. So now I will only be talking about those 10 beauty tips you must follow in order to make your skin glow and look attractive for a longer time even if you are at work and yes, of course you will not regret it. Just take a look-

1. CLEANSE YOUR FACE TWICE A DAY-

No matter what happens, how much you are busy, you have to cleanse your face with a face wash properly twice a day. There must be no excuse because this is a skincare routine you must have to follow. Properly rub your face all sides, your cheeks, chin, forehead, everything with a very smooth rubbing and massaging because if you do it fastly it may harm your skin making it look rough. It is very important to cleanse your face twice a day to remove all the dirt and dust particles from your skin. Any facewash you can apply of your choice.

2. WEAR SUNSCREEN DAILY-

Apply sunscreen daily to protect yourself from harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. Even if its raining or cloudy you must apply it. It should be applied before going out into the sun and reapplied at least once every two hours. You should choose the sunscreen according to your skin type that is dry skin or soft skin, which ever you are having. Then note its SPF, if it is above 30 then it will give you high protection, you can use it and SPF 15-29 will give you medium protection. SPF 50 will give you very high protection and will be best to use. I prefer you to use LAKME SUN EXPERT SPF 50 PA +++ ULTRA MATTE LOTION, 50 ML. You don’t have to use only and only this, I am just preferring you. You can also use your choice of sunscreen or that you use daily but please check its SPF carefully.

3. USE MOISTURIZER DAILY-

Apply moisturizer daily as it will help your skin to look refreshing and very soft all day. It completely finishes the dryness of your skin and moists it. It is very necessary to apply it daily when you go out. You should choose the moisturizer according to your skin type, Is your skin dry, oily, normal or a combination of types? Choose according to that. For dry skin, choose heavier and oil-based moisturizer, for oily skin, choose lighter, water- based moisturizer and for normal skin, choose light, non-greasy moisturizer but mainly look for heavier moisturizer which helps keep skin hydrated. Always check its scent while buying as it is very important and if you have acne-prone skin, try to avoid any scented moisturizers with perfumes. Use SPF 15 or higher. Apply it two times a day i.e. day and night. Vaseline can be used as an everyday moisturizer for very dry skin. I recommend you to use Lotus Herbals Aloe Soft Body Lotion if you can’t be able to find the suitable one otherwise use it of your choice.

4. APPLY FACE SPRAY ALWAYS AT THE END-

After you have done with all your makeup, apply spray to your face to give it a retouch and fresh look. It makes your skin glowing and feel refreshing as it instantly rehydrate your skin without harming your makeup. Use it two times a day. When you go out, apply it and keep it always in your bag to apply it whenever you feel dizzy, and then apply it at night. Any face spray you are having you can use it like rosewater spray, it is very beneficial for your skin to use.

5. DRINK MORE AND MORE WATER-

As everyone knows, water is very beneficial for your health, the same goes for your skin too. Drink at least 10-12 glasses of water to maintain the glow and charm of your face. You can also drink various types of juices like lemon water, jeera water, turmeric water to increase the beauty of your face. These all are natural things that will help you a lot to look even more brighter and attractive. You can also add drinking water reminders in your phone as it is very tough in our busy lives to remember even about drinking water.

6. EXERCISE REGULARLY-

In order to make your skin glow all the time, exercise plays a very important role. It not only keeps you fit but also benefits your skin to a next level. If you exercise daily, you will definitely see changes in yourselves and it will increase your beauty and you will love it. So exercise daily to glow all the time.

7. ALWAYS CARRY A LIP BALM-

Lip balm is mandatory to one with you all the time. It has various beauty benefits to use. It moisturizes your lips and kicks off its dryness in seconds. It helps in highlighting your face, it just protect your lips from everything making it a very important part of your skin glow. It also do not takes very big space, just fit it anywhere you want and keep applying it from time to time.

8. MODIFY YOUR WALK-

Modifying or changing your walk will have a very big impact on your beauty. Maintaining a good posture makes your appearance look so good and you look more attractive. Imply changes in your walk making it quite soft, sexy and appealing. This can surely level up your game of beauty and you will ace everything.

9. AVOID JUNK FOOD-

Eat healthy food which must include all the veggies, dal and nutritious elements and avoid junk food eating daily as it can harm your health as well as your skin. Eating junk food sometimes at the time of party, etc. but do not make a habit of eating it daily. Healthy eating will benefit in many ways and also make your skin look healthy and prettier.

10. REMOVE MAKEUP AT NIGHT WITHOUT FAILING-

Always remove makeup at night in one go without failing even once when you come from work as it removes all the dust and dirt particles may be present in your skin. Remove very gently by applying proper makeup remover cream and rubbing it all over your face and then wash it with water. It is a very necessary step in your whole beauty process as it refreshes your face and keeps all the harmful things away and you have to remove it in one go, without failing because in other go, it may cause you itchiness and could have harmful effects on your skin.

These all tips will definitely increase your beauty and make your skin glow and look so natural and beautiful all the times. Just try all of them and you will definitely going to love it.

International left handers day August 13.

International Left Handers Day is an international day observed annually on August 13 to celebrate the uniqueness and differences of left-handed individuals. … It celebrates left-handed people’s uniqueness and differences, a subset of humanity comprising seven to ten percent of the world’s population.

August 13th is a chance to tell your family and friends how proud you are of being left-handed, and also raise awareness of the everyday issues that lefties face as we live in a world designed for right-handers.

Narendra Modi

The Prime Minister of the largest democracy in the world, India, Narendra Modi is a left-hander according to the Indian left-handers’ club.

Bill Gates

Founder of Microsoft and a tech Mogul Bill Gates needs no introduction. Left-handed Gates is the fourth most wealthy person in the world, as per Forbes’ real-time billionaires’ list

Sachin Tendulkar

Master Blaster Sachin Tendulkar, who is also known as the “God of Cricket,” celebrates his left-handedness. Once he tweeted in a light mood, “I may be left-handed but I am always right.”

Barack Obama

The two-time President of the United States, Barack Obama is left-handed. Interestingly, the US has a long list of left-handed presidents including James Garfield, Herbert Hoover, Harry Truman, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton.

Left handed bollywood people:

Abhishek Bachchan. Abhishek Bachchan, or Abhishek Srivastava, is a very well known famous celebrity in the Indian film industry.
Karan Johar, Amitabh Bachchan.Sonakshi Sinha, Sunny Leone, Aditya Roy Kapur and Kapil Sharma.

Advantages:

They are more likely to pass a driving test.
They can make more money.
They are faster typists.
They have better problem-solving skills.
They are better at some sports.
They spend less time standing in lines.
They are more likely to excel in creative and visual arts.

Disadvantages:

Lefties are more worried about making mistakes, more sensitive to criticism and are easily embarrassed.
Lefties are quick to anger.
Left-handed people have a higher risk of brain disorders like schizophrenia, dyslexia or hyperactivity disorders.
Due to cultural and social pressures, many left-handed children were forced to write and perform other activities with their right hands.
This conversion can cause multiple problems in the developing left-handed child, including learning disorders, dyslexia, stuttering and other speech disorders.

Independence Day (15 August)

Independence day is the most valuable day for all persons in our country. It is celebrated as a national holiday by the people of India, To mark the 15th August 1947, as the anniversary of India’s national independence from the British.

15th August has a very significant day in Indian history and it is celebrated by persons of all religions, traditions, and cultures with great joy and happiness.

On this day, the Indian people are paying healthy tribute to the great leaders for whom India is becoming independent forever. our leaders such as Bhagat Singh, P.t Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Valla Bhai Patel, and many others sacrifice their lives to let people enjoy being independent in our nation

To Commemorates this day, people listen to music in schools, watch patriotic movies, many children take part in a competition and contest, and go to view various live performances about the meaning of the Day.

After the freedom of India, Jawahar Lal Nehru was the first P.M of our nation. on 15th August 1947, he raised the flag at Red Fort (Delhi) and given a speech. This marveled is trailed by the other resulting P.M of India.

Where banner lifting functions, parades, marches, salutes by the 21 guns, and many more other cultural events are organized.

Our Prime Minister P.t Nehru hoisted the national flag at Red Fort and after it reciting the national anthem. At 12 pm on the 15th of August 1947, P.t Nehru declared the freedom of India by pursuing out his speech on “Truth With Destiny”.

He said that it is time to pledge after long years of slavery and let our nation succeed.

India is a country where a large number of persons live together whether they have a place with different religions, traditions, or societies.

Similar to an Indian on this day, we will make a promise to be steadfast and energetic in saving our motherland.

Why We Celebrate Our Independence Day On The 15th of August?

India was colonized for over 200 years and the people of India demanded complete Independence. the proposed date for independence was 26th January 1930. On, July 18, 1947, the law was passed, stating that India would become an independent country on 15th Aug 1947.

The last viceroy and India’s first governor-general select the day since August 15th also commemorates Japan’s second anniversary of surrender to the Allied forces. Thus, 15th August is celebrated as Independence day in India.Independence day is celebrated in remembrance of the sacrifices our leaders made so that we could live as free citizens.

What is the History of India’s Journey Towards Independence?

In the 1600s, the British came to India basically for trading and were granted trading rights by the Indian emperor, Jahangir.

At the time, India was ruled by the Mughal who was too powerful for the British. when the Mughal empire disintegrated, the British begun to conquer small parts of India.

Starting with the battle of Plassey in 1857, the British began expanding rapidly throughout India till 1857.

In 1857, there was a massive uprising throughout northern India, where Indian leaders fought against the British.

The freedom struggle led by Mahatma Gandhi was so successful that the British were forced to grants Indians numerous rights.

It means It included voting rights, with several Indian-led governments in 1937, though they were externally controlled by the British, In 1945, the British economy was destroyed due to world war 2nd.

So, Mainly they decided to leave India peacefully. However, this day also marks the tragic partition of India.

Historical Background For Independent of India

Many incidents take place for the Independent of India. From (1885 – 1947) the journey of Independence of India is given, which helps to understand our historical background deeply for Independence.

How India got Independent

In 1885 Congress was formed
In 1905 Partition of Bengal
In 1907 Surat split
In 1909 ‘Minto Morley Reform’

The journey of Mahatma Gandhi in India

In 1916, Congress Lucknow Session
In 1917, Champaran Satyagrah
In 1919, Montague Chelmsford Reforms
In 1919, the Rowlatt Act
In 1919, Jalianwala Bagh Massacre
In 1920, the Non-Cooperation Movement

Revolutionary Phase in Indian History

In 1922, Chauri Chaura Incident
In 1925, Kakori Incident
In 1924, the Swaraj Party
In 1927, the Simon Commission
In 1928, the Nehru Report
In 1929, Lahore Session (Poorna Swaraj)
In 1930, Civil Disobedience Movement
In 1930, Dandi March
In 1930, First Round Table Conference

Formation Of Government

In 1931, Gandhi Irwin Pact
In 1931, Second Round Table Conference
In 1932, Communal Award
In 1932, Third Round Table Conference
In 1935, the Government of India Act
In 1940, Pakistan Resolution

Azadi

In 1939, World War 2
In 1942, Cripps Mission
In 1942, the Quit India Movement
In 1946, Cabinet Mission Plan
In 1947, Mountbatten Plan
- On 15th Aug 1947, India became Independent

7+ Interesting Facts About Indian Independence Day

At the time of Independent, the value of Indian 1 rupees = 1 $ (U.S) but at now 2020, 1 $ (U.S) = Approx 77 rupees.
Mahatma Gandhi is the Chief Architect of Independence.
In India, only Karnataka (Karnataka Khadi Gramodyoga Samyukta Sangha) KKGSS have licensed for flag production.
Indian flag is made from khadi, the making of the flag from other material is a punishable offense. so, that according to the law they were imprisoned for 3 years and a fine.
In 1950, National Anthem (Jana Gana Mana, written by Rabindranath Tagore, 1911) was officially adopted.
Britishers declared Independent of India with 565 princely states as an independent state. Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel our first home minister has united the Princely states with India and so, he was known as “Iron Man of India”.
Bahrain, North Korea, Congo, Liechtenstein, and South Korea also share the same date for Independence on the 15th of August.
Our official Independence day celebrated by the Indian Government at Red Fort (New Delhi).

How To Become a Reader

“I declare after all there is no enjoyment like reading! How much sooner one tires of any thing than of a book! When I have a house of my own, I shall be miserable if I have not an excellent library.”
-jane Austen, Pride and prejudice

Reading has to be one of the most cherished and enjoyable pastime of all times. It is said that, a person who reads leads a thousand lives. True to these words ,reading can literally sweep you off your feet into a wondrous realm and bewitch your senses to escape the mundane.

Reading books benefits both your physical and mental health, and those benefits can last a lifetime. They begin in early childhood and continue through the senior years.

Reading strengthens the brain, increases empathy, builds vocabulary, prevents cognitive decline, reduces stress, alleviates depression, aids sleep etc.

Do you also love reading? in 2021 | Book aesthetic, Brown aesthetic, Cozy aesthetic

Lamentably, some people find reading to be extremely arduous and therefore miss out on this wholesome joy of life.

I often feel sorry for people who don’t read books; they are missing a chance to live an extra life.
Scott Corbett

For people who want make up the time they lost not reading, here is series of things that might help you read better and more.

1. Explore:

Explore what you would like to read and warm up to your preferences.

The trope that classics are for everyone or everyone would love a good mystery is outdated. People are not coerced into reading like that anymore. Reading requires much more than just picking up a random book, there are such diverse genera to choose from that it leaves you befuddled. Before traipsing into the world of books, you should divest some to explore the genera you’d like to read or the much hyped, ‘To read’ lists according to your liking, available on the internet.

Exploring the reading content would not only help you find your perfect book, it would also ultimately pique your interest in reading and help you go a long way.

Pin by Monika Lewandowska on • Book Worm • | Books, Book lovers, Books to read

2. Take your time:

Remember, there is no rush to finish a book in a days time or a week. Everyone reads at their own pace. Books are meant to be savored not read in a rush just for the sake of finishing them. You can go at your pace or read in intervals, whatever suits you and your schedule.

Enjoy the process of going through a book, a new journey. Do not mar your experience because of some imprudent judgement on your part.

The aesthetic charm of reading {photography}

3. Opinions:

It is absolutely alright to not like a certain book that the entire world raves about. It is better to read a ‘bad’ book than read a ‘good’ book in heedless adoration. one of the purposes of reading is to expand our cognitive horizons, to help aid our thought process, forming opinions even unpopular ones are fine and you shouldn’t let anyone tell you otherwise.

getanchored... #getanchored #aesthetic #book #good #read #time #take #time # read #good #book #to #aTake time t… | Book aesthetic, Aesthetic books, Book photography

4. Start Easy:

You might want to begin reading with books that do not make your head go in circles. Collections of short stories, fiction books, with relatively lucid plots and engaging story lines or Non-fiction books, like short biographies would be a perfect place to start.

Reading magazines and newspapers that are readily available may help.

Check out:Easy Reads: Summer Edition

Pin by Atice Zulfi on Reading time | Coffee and books, Cozy aesthetic, Candles photography

5. Set Your priorities:

In order to be able to inculcate a healthy habit of reading, you need to sort through your priorities and set them straight. Minimize your time on your social media and invest that into reading. Prioritize reading over other menial things or better yet wasting your time.

As such, always keep a book handy, get into discussions with readers, find out more about what your reading to make the experience fun.

Books Everyone Should Read Before They Die | Reader's Digest

6. Join a Reading Group:

Getting together with like minded individuals is a leap in the positive direction that may help you alleviate your reading habit. Discussions and talks on subjects of common interest would be essentially beneficial.

You might join a physical or a virtual reading group. Participate in book talks, explore and have a blast.

Introducing Poetry To Your Reading Group! – Reading Group Choices

Reading is Dreaming Quote - Books - Plants - 8x10 or 11x14 | Book quotes, Library quotes, Reading quotes

citation(s): https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-reading-books

How are we, humans causing endangered species and how can we overcome it by wildlife conservation.

Wildlife conservation
Are we aware of the amount of deaths and the amount of endangered species around us? And of course, the answer would be an absolute NO. I would not like to include all single human beings, as there are organisations trying to help the species and working on conserving them, but I don’t think they can do it all alone. They need our help. The animals NEED our help.

How are we, humans, causing extinct species?
One of the main reason for extinction is habitat destruction. Humans destroy the habitats of species which cause them to die or suffer.The second main reason would be the diseases causing species to die because of us, example : taking pictures, polluting the area, hunting, deforestation and ect. These activities can be the major reasons for species extinction.

What are the well known critically endangered species? and why?
Amur leopards – being hunted for their fur for coating. it is also said that their habitat are continuously being destroyed – ( human causing )
Black rhino – their horns are being hunted for medicines. – ( human causing )
Hawksbill sea turtle – is being hunted for their shell and also for meat. the jelly fishes, water animals and also the Hawksbill sea turtle are being affected by the plastic covers being thrown on seas – ( human causing )
Mountain gorillas – being extinct due to deforestation also causes to destroy the trees which can be the food for animals – ( human causing )
pangolin – scales of the pangolin are believed that they are used for medical problems.
polar bear – global warming issues – ( human causing )
plants – yes! I would also like to include plants in endangered species. We all know humans are the main reasons for the dying of plants. plants are being dead by deforestation, cutting trees – for wood and paper, and pollution ( water, air, water)
What is India doing?
“India will work with Coalition countries to adopt cleaner energy sustainable production and consumption patterns and environment-friendly transport, agriculture, industry and waste management to promote clean air,” Minister Javadekar said. The central government gives all types of financial literacy and conserving and protecting the wildlife. National ban was imposed on tiger hunting in 1970 and the Wildlife Protection Act became effective in 1972.
countries that are helping the endangered species
The Philippines and Malaysia are trying to shield the animals. Individual European nations are taking actions to help and support their animals.

let’s do it together!
Nothing is impossible!All of us can do it together! There are a lot of tips for us to follow for conserving wildlife. If we follow them continuously we can achieve! The animals can achieve!
Join in organisations or wildlife agencies.
donate and volunteer
Learn about species and animals ( birds ) – increasing our knowledge.
Let’s raise awareness
Recycle
Build a wildlife garden
let’s stop using products made from animals
Let’s not eat meat or nonveg – try eating a low impact diet.
save energy, save water, save the environment
Avoid plastic
What are we supposed to do? Just… save the animals. save the planet!

Continuation of: boy with striped pajamas; chapter 5

Bruno couldn’t stop thinking about the children. He kept on peeping through the window to check what the children were doing. Bruno found the people disturbing and he wanted to know more about them.On the other side, Gretel would also notice the people far away. Even Though Bruno managed to live in Out-with for a week and 3 days, he couldn’t be there any more. He totally missed Berlin and his friends, Karl, Daniel and Martin. A few days later, Bruno decided to talk with Maria about the ridiculous children and this terrible house.

In the evening, someone knocked on the door. It was a polite knock, it was Maria. “ Come in! “, Bruno gave permission. “I need to clean the floor. Can I turn off the fan? “ “ Okay, sure! Please turn on the air conditioner.” Bruno spoke kindly. He knew this was the right time to speak. He was sure Maria would understand. Maria switched off the fans and turned on the air conditioner, and started to vacuum. Bruno started, “ Maria? Don’t you want to go back to Berlin? You are just staying here for your sake. You don’t feel comfortable here right?” Bruno wanted Maria to accept with him. But she didn’t.

“ Of Course not. I just be wherever your parents tell me to be. Well, Bruno, are you still not settled here yet? I feel this house is very pleasant and nice” Maria answered. Bruno didn’t accept this. He burst into angriness and shouted “ No! How can this house be a pleasant house? How? How will it be a good house with weird children wearing the same clothes and laughing, far away? Berlin was better! Totally better.” he knew he wasn’t supposed to shout at anyone. He felt a little guilt inside him. There was a moment of silence. Maria stared at Bruno, and Bruno was about to burst out into tears. Suddenly someone banged the door open. “ Bruno! What was that noise?” It was Gretel. “ i couldn’t even concentrate…” Gretel saw Bruno’s eyes, the tears were floating. She knew it was not the right time to shout at him.

She went near Bruno and sat on the bed next to him. Maria left the room, to give some personal space. “ Hey, you okay?” asked Maria. “ the kid. He disturbs me. What is he doing?” “ You saw him too? I know, he is pretty weird. He doesn’t even sleep. “ answered Maria. “ What are they doing in there? Is it a jail? Are they locked in there? Questioned Bruno with curiosity. “ I think so, or they just live there. ” But, why are they dirty, wearing the same clothes and why aren’t they moving around? Bruno moved on. “ They are just poor Bruno, and it’s their home. But, I don’t know why they are all wearing the same dress. Especially that kid. Why doesn’t he sleep? He always walks around like he is thinking something seriously.” Answered Maria by doubting herself.

“ Okay, time to eat Bruno, let’s go. “ Maria left expecting Bruno to join her. Bruno followed her downstairs and had dinner. Bruno couldn’t stop thinking about the people who live there. And especially that kid. That kid who used to stare at bruno sometimes. The kid who doesn’t sleep. He was weird, but he did look upset and pitiful. The kid’s face would strike through Bruno’s head every minute. The kid was bald, a little fair, short and dirty.

Bruno went to bed. But he didn’t sleep. He wanted to know more about the people, about the kid. It was 9:30 at night. He should have been asleep by now, according to the rules. But he couldn’t. Suddenly someone opened Bruno’s door slightly. Bruno jerked and tried looking for who it was. Someone peeped in. It was Maria. She came in slowly and checked if Bruno was sleeping. She came closer and realised Bruno wasn’t asleep yet. “ Why aren’t you asleep? “ “ . I was going to sleep, but you freaked me out for a second. “ Bruno lied even though it was against the rules. He didn’t want to make Maria upset by knowing that Bruno was still thinking about the kid.

“Bruno, you are just thinking about unnecessary things now. If you are talking about the people far away, they are just poor people. Don’t think too far” said Maria “ but, why are they dressed the same? “ asked Bruno. Maria took a deep breath and answered, “ Bruno, please don’t complicate it. They are locked in there. That’s all!” “ So are they in jail?” Bruno asked out of curiosity. “ Yes, they are trapped but in an open space. They all are under control. Bruno, your mother might come anytime, so now please go to sleep”

“ Wait! Why are they even trapped? If they are trapped, then why don’t anyone go help them?” questioned Bruno. “ Ahhh too many questions Bruno. Now, it’s time to sleep. Like I told you, they are trapped because they are under control”
Bruno thought for a while “ And why doesn’t anybody help them?” Maria totally lost it, she went back to the door like she was going to leave “ Please no more questions. I came here to make sure you were asleep, not answer questions. Come on, close your eyes. Good night! “ Maria left with a smile.
‘ why doesn’t anyone want to help them?’ wondered Bruno

A Thriller Piece: The Maze

The maze was dark. He could see a huge fire torch lit up in the distance. It was large enough to see that he was in a maze. He was in a different world. Somewhere totally different. Louis wanted to go back home, but some curiosity inside, pulled him to go further. He thought the end would be soon, but it wasn’t…

He took a few steps, and then ‘ oops! ‘. he tripped on something rocky. He bent down to take a closer look. He was able to smell something different and cheesy.He felt strange. It was covered with mud. He used his hands to remove the mud. When he saw it, it was white and bony. Yes, it was a skeleton. A dead body. Louis was now shaking.

He slowly stood up, and looked around. He saw torned clothes, bones, insects, tools, blood stains and fire burns around him. He realised that the whole place is now filled with dead bodies. Something has happened here. Something totally strange. He went near the walls, they were burnt too. He slowly touched the walls, it felt rough. He was not really sure of what the walls were made of. But, it just felt rough.Was this whole maze burnt? And that is why the people died? Did someone take over this place? Did anyone know that there is a place like this? These questions were fighting against each other in Louis’ mind. Will he get an answer for his questions?

He went further and further by trying to get out of the maze and observing everything around him. Then he stopped. He saw a torn t- shirt on the ground. It looked familiar. He has seen it somewhere. He tried looking more sharper. The smell was now stronger. He held his breath, went closer and took it up. He shook it a little, when he saw a letter inside the t-shirt. It was not clear. It looked like someone scratched the letter in a rough wall. He slowly tried to find out what the letter was about. All he got was this.

Get out Not safe.
ezcap
Outside world…
Reli

Louis was shaking… he knew it. It was relic. But how? Did relic come here before me? the writing was not completed. It looked like someone grabbed relic away before he could finish. There were blood drops in the letter. Did a war take place?

Louis couldn’t stop thinking about relic… he was still. Forcing himself not to drop a tear. He couldn’t help it. Tears jumped out of his eyes. “ You were the one who wanted us to come here. You were the one. But now you’re not here with me?!What am I doing?I was selfish! Why am I here! No! “ he was now showering with tears. He frustratedly looked around searching for the doorkeeper. “ where are you? You coward! Where are you? Just let me go! Where is relic? Give him back to me!” Louis cried.

Someone laughed, the voice echoed. Louis looked around surprised. Someone was coming closer. He could hear the footsteps coming closer and closer. Louis moved back a little. The shadow appeared. It was a man. An old man.

The old man looked at Louis and said,“ Get out of here as soon as possible. You might be dead soon. I am the only one who is still alive here. Nobody knows. Don’t tell him. Shh…” the old man warned. “ Dont tell who? questioned louis. “ you will know soon. Get out of here safely to reach home. Figure out how to escape from the maze. There is a secret way to escape, but I don’t know where it is. Figure it out. I wanted to help you. But nobody cared. Now I am telling you. ESCAPE. Just escape.”

Louis had infinite questions. But he had no time. “ I am sorry. Thank you. Come with me. Let’s go!” The old man smirked and said, “ IMPOSSIBLE. Just run son. Just run. “
Louis hesitated, and had no choice, but to run. He ran wherever he could go. He never stopped. Louis realised the maze never ended.

It went on and on, or maybe he was running around and around. Louis stopped. He walked for a while, and then again stopped. He jumped on where he was. The sound was different compared to the ground. It was a huge ‘ THUD ‘. louis bent down and placed his ears near the ground. His eyes widened. He knew this particular area was different from others. He looked around for any tool that he could find to dig in. There was a rusted rod tangled with blood stained clothing. Louis quickly got up and pushed himself to take out the rod from the cloth.
He tried beating it hard to the ground. It made a greater echoing sound. Then, Louis tried digging with the rod, while his hands helped him too. Finally there he was. There was a round steel door like thing. Louis knew this was the escape route and he used his full power to open the door. The door creaked and louis opened it…

His eyes widened. there was a long creepy path, it looked like no one ever lived there. There was nothing inside. Louis saw a light source in the distance. He closed the door to make sure no one would see.This place was under this ground and nobody knew?Louis was so scared but he had to escape. He slowly moved on, totally terrified…

He went near the light source as soon as possible, so that his fear level would be reduced. As Louis was in the middle of his terrifying journey, he couldn’t hear a single sound.Nobody was around. Now, he was near the light source. It was a fire torch attached to the wall. He took the torch in his hands and moved on. It felt like the path never ended. He couldn’t see the beginning and the end. He was in the MIDDLE of the path, confused.

Louis decided to move on, he knew there would be an end. But his legs were hurting a lot as he roamed around too much. He didn’t give up. He rested in the middle and boosted himself up to go on. Finally he saw the same door again at the other end. Louis felt relieved as he pushed the door open…

He was there. As expected, he was back into his own world. But it looked like he was in a shop. Louis took a long breath and checked around to make sure where he was. He has already seen this shop. He realised he was in a milkshake shop that he used to come after school sometimes. But no one was there in the shop. He looked back, and noticed the door. It vanished… Louis couldn’t believe it. But he didn’t care, he BELIEVED that he was back to his own world. Louis slowly came out of the shop.

It was a normal day with people around. Louis was now the happiest person in the world. He amazingly looked around like he had never seen the real world before. Louis didn’t know where to go, and he remembered that relic’s house was behind the shop. Louis walked 2 streets and was now in front of his friends house. His dead friend’s house…
Louis hesitated. He didn’t know how to inform his parents about relic’s death, but he had to. Louis rang the bell. It was relic’s mom who opened the door. Louis wanted to cry and apologize to her.Louis didn’t see relics mom’s face. He didn’t want to. He couldn’t face her. He held his tears, and with a broken voice Louis started, “ I am sorry, I am really sorry…” Louis started to break down in tears. “ It was not my mistake. Relic was the one. He wanted to go there. I escaped, but relic… I am sorry.”

No one made a noise for a minute. Louis looked up. He was surprised. Relic’s mom had a normal kind face. “ Honey. I think you have mistaken the door. But, it looks like you lost someone. Don’t worry, it will be alright. “ Louis looked confused. “ No! No! I am right. You are relic’s mom. It’s your son! It’s RELIC!! “

She looked worried. “ Is everything okay there, hon? “ It was her husband. Relic’s father. “ There is some kid here. I think he is mistaken.” she replied. “ no! It’s me! Louis, relic’s friend!” Relic’s dad came near the door. “Hey kid, please dont disturb us. We don’t know anything you are saying. Please leave. “ Louis had no choice, but to leave, with tears.
Louis was very confused. He walked a long way. He didn’t know where he was going. All his thoughts were about relic and his parents.He couldn’t believe that his own parents forgot him. That was not possible. Is it maybe that the ones who died in the other world have totally vanished from here?

Louis quickly thought that going back to the maze is the only way he can save relic. His only buddy… Louis bravely ran back to the tunnel. He was tired. He was exhausted. He was in pain. But he ran. He ran, for his only dead friend. He will be back, he believed. He purely believed. He will be back. He will be back for me.

The relevance of yoga and meditation in the modern lives

We are living in a complex world, it’s a changing world, nothing is permanent, traditions and values are changing everything seems to be in the state of flux. In today’s world the majority of the people are suffering from mental and physical illness.What we can do to overcome them. The simple answer to the question is that follow the path that is showed by our sages and great gurus and that is the path of yoga and meditation, the modern life is full of confusion people are generally seen obsessed with materialistic things, consideration a good house , big bank balance are the three virtues of successful modern life according to today’s man,but do they lead to real peace? Do money and modern items make happier human beings perhaps not here comes the relevance of yoga and meditation. They are the creative processes ,the discipline in our minds as well as the body, the great extra energy and power yoga exercises help us with many elements and prevent many diseases . Meditation helps our mind . to neglect other thoughts and make us feel positive .It also makes us confident and morally strong . Yoga and meditation are necessary for students too, they are generally engaged in online work be it online studying or any other business work in which there is no physical movement ,but yogic exercise and meditation can help them restore their reserves of their lost energy and power that can help them in concentration and remove tiredness too.

Some of the types of Yoga are which help are useful are:-

(1).Mountain Pose (Tadasana)

The heels root down, the muscles of the legs are engaged, the bones are stacked with the shoulders directly over the hips, the shoulder blades slump the rear , and therefore the crown of the top rises. do not forget to breathe.

(2).Garland Pose (Malasana)

Move your feet, bend the sides of your mat and bend your knees, coming into a squat. The toes may end up if necessary. If your heels don’t reach the ground , you’ll sit on two stacked blocks. This modification makes the pose more accessible for several people.This is an edge that’s quite natural for youngsters , but we lose the knack for it as adults. It’s great for the hips and to counteract the consequences of an excessive amount of sitting in chairs and riding in cars.

What is meditation?

Meditation refers to the practice of focusing attention on breath or on an object or thought or a mantra. Here attention is focused.

Some of the types of meditation are :-

(1) Vipasana meditation

It is also known as mindfulness-based meditation, there is no fixed object or thought to hold the attention. The person passively observes the various bodily sensations and thoughts that are passing through in her or his awareness.

(2) Kundalini Yoga

It is taught within the USA and has been found to be effective in treatment of mental disorders. The Institute for Nonlinear Science, University of California, San Diego, USA has found that Kundalini Yoga is effective within the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder. Kundalini Yoga is a mixture or combination of pranayama or breathing techniques with chanting of mantras. Prevention of repeated episodes of depression could also be helped by mindfulness based meditation or Vipasana. This meditation would help the patients to process emotional stimuli better and hence prevent biases within the processing of those stimuli.

5 BEST THRILLER NOVELS OF ALL TIME!

Are you someone who loves thrillers? Be it a book or a movie, nothing can win against the feel of watching and reading a gripping story. Here are the top 5 books to blow your mind.

**AND THEN THERE WERE NONE BY AGATHA CHRISTIE**

Agatha Christie is the Queen of mystery for a reason. Her books have unexpected twists. And Then There Were None starts with Ten starters getting an invite to stay in the more solid island from Mr Owen. The host is someone unfamiliar yet they all are ready to travel to the island. Once they reach, all 10 of them are being allotted to their rooms. They notice a rhyme;

“Ten Little Soldier Boys went out to Dine, one choked his little self and then there were nine.
…….
…….
One Little Soldier Boy left all alone; He went and hanged himself and then there were none.”

The creepiest of all is the ten strangers die one by one as stated in the rhyme. Who is behind this? This is a must read classic!!

BUY NOW.

Before I Go To Sleep is a gripping, psychological thriller. “What are we, If not an accumulation of our memories?”

This book will keep us hooked till the end. All the while you will be rooting for Christine to remember her past. Losing our memory is tragic. It isn’t easy, we can’t trust what people say about our past. Our memory is the only evidence, if that is removed, life will be a huge mess.

Christine wakes up every morning with zero memory about who she is and whom she is with. She loses her memory every time she sleeps, when she wakes up, there is a man next to her calling himself her husband. Christine keeps a journal to keep her reminded of her past. She attempts to put the pieces together to remember her past. What she learns is frightening!

BUY NOW.

**THE SILENT PATIENT BY ALEX MICHAELIDES**.

“She tied her husband to a chair and shot him multiple times. She slit her wrist and waited for the police to arrive.”

An accused murder refuses to speak about the incident. Is she guilty? Or is she hiding the truth?

Theo Faber, a renowned psychotherapist takes up a job in Grove. He tries to talk to Alicia, treat her and reveal the mystery behind the murder of her husband. We follow his investigation and the story is narrated from his perspective. This is a true page-turner. The ending was mind-numbing.

BUY NOW.

Jack is a lawyer who meets Grace, he was genuine to her sister, Millie. Most guys back off when they get to know Millie has down syndrome. Jack is different, he takes care of her. She saw him as a dream guy and they got married. Jack has a strong reputation among his friends and colleagues. Grace has zero friends but Jack and Grace are never apart. They are living their best life, meeting a few of Jack’s friends once in a while.

All dog lovers stay strong while reading this book. It is a hair-raising, unsettling read. I couldn’t stop thinking about Grace after completing the novel. I was so invested in the story. It is a bit of an intense read. A highly recommended read!!

BUY NOW.

Last but not least, this psychological thriller would numb us. There is a movie based on the book, read and then watch. The best thriller! It will make our jaw drop.

Teddy and his partner, Chuck, have come to shutter island, home for criminally insane. He is there to find the murderess but as the investigation deepens. Startling truth comes out of the dark.

I would highly recommend it! Do give it a read before watching the movie. As the movie might spoil the thrill of the book. Nevertheless, the movie is identical to the book. You won’t be disappointed if you love a satisfactory psychological thriller.

BUY NOW.

Let me know if you have read any of the above-mentioned books. If you have more recs feel free to recommend me some. Reading a nail-biting thriller is my most favourite part of reading. I can assure you that you will definitely enjoy “And Then There Were None” “Shutter Island” and “Behind Closed Doors”.

Have a good day!

Ritesh agarwal- famous entrepreneur

Ritesh agarwal, founder of OYO rooms in 2015

He was the recipient if he Time Lumis entrepreneur excellence awards (2014), become the first Asian to won ’20 under 20′ theil fellowship (2013), was named one of the top 50 entrepreneur by TATA first dot award (2013), and because the world’s youngest CEO at the age of 17.

Ritesh agarwal, an orissa boy coming from a business- oriented family went to kota to become an engineer. But unlike other JEE aspirants, his passion caught hold of him and he did not take JEE preparation seriously.

instead, he wrote a book called ” Indian engineering colleges: A complete encyclopedia of top 100 college’; the book become immensely popular on Flipkart.

He was just 16 when he was selected for the Asian science camp help at the tata institute of fundamental research.

with a penchant for travelling and having lived in tons of hotels, ritesh observed a common problem at the place he stayed- the exorbitant price of the hotel room was not proportional to the facilities provided.

He felt that majority of the hotel in India couldn’t satisfy the basic needs of a traveler on budget

thus, ge started oravel stays his first venture in 2012. He improved his business model ond re- launched oravel as ‘You which is short for ‘ OB YOUR OWN’.

CONFIDENCE : THE KEY TO SUCCESS

Woman Wearing Blue Shawl Lapel Suit Jacket

In today’s day and age, confidence works as an important factor in determining our place within the various social, political and cultural arenas of the society we all live in. With the right mindset and a good confidence, we can achieve really great things in life that would not be otherwise possible to acquire with a low confident mindset. It ca aid people in achieving their highest of dreams. Like the saying goes. “Rome was not built in day”, great speakers too take years of hard work and practice in order to inculcate confidence that is worthy of mentioning. No one is born confidence. However, some people, unfortunately, fail to realize this and as a result of it, their confidence levels go even down. While everyone has their own strengths and weakness, low confidence can influence the daily lives of people who deal with self esteem issues and are extremely anxious and nervous in public meetings. While everyone learns to garner their confidence overtime, it requires an active and actual effort to fully flourish and grow.

Now, let’s discuss some of the ways in which can develop our confidence. Firstly, Focus on the positive: Identifying and nit-picking positive aspects of our everyday lives is an extremely hectic job indeed. However, it is in our hands to have a positive outlook towards various arenas comprising our point of view. Doing the things you love, surrounding yourself with people that love and cherish you as well as developing habits that promote positivity can have a significant impact on your self confidence, as you will only focus on the good things instead of automatically drawing not-so-positive conclusion.

Man in Black Suit Achieved an Accomplishment

Secondly, Take care of yourself :One of the sure shot ways through which you can instantly improve your self-confidence is through self-grooming and cleanliness. In fact, hygiene plays an important role in bettering our overall mood and mindset. Just taking a cold shower early in the morning can help you work on your confidence, making you feel refreshed as you become ready to seize the day and make it yours!

Woman in White Button Up Shirt Sitting on Chair

Furthermore, as we require cleanliness externally, we need to also focus on the cleanliness from within; eating good foods that promote our health and well-being of your body. Eating healthy foods like vegetables, fruits and whole grains instead of processed foods, helps our body to get rid of any toxins present within it. Another point worth mentioning is the significance of meditation and how it further cleanses our mind. It can help us promote positive and impactful thinking that may have a great affect on our overall mental health.

Thirdly, Be kind: while it is not possible for us to act kind and generous in every circumstance that we come across, but it certainly does not hurt to try. Being kind ca have major impact on our outlook towards the world. Kindness only attracts more kindness. Being kind gives you a satisfactory feeling of warmth within your heart makes you feel good about yourself. So, be kind to everyone and to yourself too.

Low angle of successful female executive manager in classy style sitting at table with laptop in contemporary workplace and passing documents to colleague

In conclusion, developing confidence is a skill that requires major hard work of years to polish. However once it has developed,we have a tool that can take us places!

I never met MY FRIEND (but he is always there for me)

A friend is the one who knows you as 'you', understand where you have come from, accept what you have become and still gently allows you to grow.

A friend is the only person in the entire world whose company we are entitled to choose and friendship is the only bond which is not predefined or based on birth. Friendship is created with open mind and heart and with pure emotions.

But as the pandemic don’t allow physical gathering and contact between friends, so the mode of friendship have also shifted to online. Friendship on phone is a whole different thing. Now I can be friends with anyone, anywhere in this World, with whom I can connect. Friendship on internet have allowed me to find people across the world who truly understand me and can interact with. Though they are virtual I cannot see them or touch them but I can still feel the bond between us which is so adorable and can feel their love for me.

A friend who is always there with their shoulder to cry on it’s, obvious not possible as they are virtual technically ,but still feels like they are always here to support us, console us, motivate us. I haven’t seen my virtual friends for real but I’ve bond with him even my real life friends can’t match ,because my that only friend is only one call Or message away from me. We share a lot of common traits like introvert nature, sarcastic nature etc. They give me best advice and they show love and affection for me and console me in rough time. But surely The friendship where we can hangout with our friends is special but online or virtual friendship is nothing less in comparison. As now we are separated by physical forces but I am still connected with my friends and I feel like I always have their back and can share my hardship and feeling with them.

But online friendship comes with a price we have to be cautious about who we wanna be friends with if we can trust that person or not. Many people on social media run fake accounts and steal vietens personal information. We have read and witnessed so much about cyber crime. So awareness is necessary. We have to decide how much information and with whom we wanna share with.

Friendship creates so many memorable life experiences for us ofcourse offline friendship is a difficult thing. But we have to deal with every situation in the best possible way. So even if in the hard time l am still connected with the people whom I get love through. Everything more courageously and l feel like the most luckiest person on the earth.

A friend in need is friend in deed. 🙂

3 Must-learn programming languages for developers in 2021

Amidst the pandemic, it is essential to understand the major skills and a quick peep into the most in demand tech jobs that may help professionals to grow and explore various career prospects.

Especially with the evolving technology, which is offering innumerable job opportunities, for fresh graduates and even experienced programmers who are willing to learn the innovative trends that are emerging into the world of programming.

For a few the chances might be minimum in the growing tech market due to skills being mismatched. Therefore, to supersede this obstacle, we tailored 3 top programming skills which have high demand in the tech world today:

1. C++
The post-pandemic work that has forced people to work from home has seen an enormous rise in demand for cloud adoption. Various problems of data breaches have forced companies to come up with a greater budget for security purposes. The day-to-day cybersecurity threat is getting worse. So, if one wants to prosper in the said field, should be highly fascinated with IT not just that, sometimes it is even required more than that. Having command over various programming languages like C++ will make it easier. The demand for cybersecurity professionals with C++ skills has been rising especially with the rising cybersecurity cases globally.

2. Python
AI and ML are rising unexpectedly, mostly during pandemic times as businesses have been stuck in the digital world having no other way out than opting for AI and ML. For an AI engineer, it requires both the knowledge of technical and non-technical skills. A fastest-growing industry like this needs an ample amount of people with proper skills and knowledge. Well, Python is considered by experts the most suitable programming language for Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, and Natural Language Processing.

3. Rust
If one is starting a career in the world of programming they should be highly equipped with the knowledge of Python and JavaScript which forms the very base of it the reason being as they have a wide number of applications and have been used for many years. However, 2021, which is full of different things has something new to offer for people who aspire to be a programmer. In a survey, it was found that Rust was the most loved programming language which has been gaining prominence for the past few years.

Acting as an alternative for C++. Useful mostly for people who are looking for problem-solving techniques when they are working on large-scale applications. Offering a new atmosphere to programmers is highly functional helping developers remove bugs caused by C++.

Various courses are available with projects for hands-on experience.

Programming Languages: Choose Wisely?

We’ve got decades of experience in programming and language adoption under our belt at this point, and there are a few things we can say definitively that developers in general (and DevOps engineers specifically) should be aware of.

First, it doesn’t matter as much as you think. It really doesn’t. Most developers don’t choose programming languages based on important things like optimization or general applicability. They choose a language based on ease of use, availability of third-party libraries and simplification of things like UI. Open source version availability helps, but only insofar as it spawns more third-party libraries. So, use the language that works best for the project, and don’t get too hung up on whether or not it’s the newest shiny one.

Second, the changes in use and adoption that matter–the top five to 10 languages that make up the vast majority of all professional programming activity–don’t happen overnight. Both JavaScript and Python are considered “rapid ascent” in terms of uptake when they took off … but both were around for years before that spike in adoption occurred. So, learning any of the top few languages is a far better long-term investment than learning the hottest new language.

Third, those top languages actually don’t change much. They were written to fulfill a need, and that doesn’t change much over time. Indeed, the only language I can think of that has fundamentally changed in its lifetime is C++, which seems to want to keep up with the times rather than keep serving its original niche. Python? Java? Still pretty much the same as when they became popular back in the day. And that’s a good thing. But that means if you want to try something new and engaging, you need to look to up-and-coming languages. At the time of this writing, specialist languages like R and Kafka are having their day, and that’s a good thing. After all, we know that different applications have different needs and different platforms have different needs–and have been trying to address that second one forever, currently with languages like Flutter. All of these will offer new ways of doing things, which is good exposure.

Fourth, (though we briefly toyed with eliminating this one) organizations do determine the pool of available languages. Frankly, allowing each team to build a separate architecture was never a good idea from a long-term maintenance point of view … but a fairly large number of organizations played with the idea and learned the lessons about technical debt all over again. Now we’re back to “We use these languages, pick one,” which is better than “We’re an X shop,” and offers maintainability over time without burning a ton of man-hours.

And finally, you can do anything with those languages your organization makes available. I’ve seen object-oriented assembler, I’ve seen entire websites served in C; the list goes on. The language you choose makes certain things easier or harder, but if you need to get it done, you’ll either get an exception to the language list, or you’ll figure out how to get it done with what’s available. But you can … But as my father used to love to say, “Just because you can, doesn’t mean you should.” He had nothing to do with programming and as little as possible to do with computers, but his logic still applies perfectly.

So, grab an approved language, and crank out solutions. Just keep driving it home; you’re rocking it. Don’t stop, and don’t worry too much about which language you’re using, just focus on the language and do what needs doing–like you’ve done all along. And spin us up even more cool apps.

Advantages of Digital India

The Government of India began the Digital India initiative to ensure that residents can access government services electronically through enhanced online infrastructure and increased Internet connectivity, or by making the country digitally empowered in the field of technology. Rural communities will be connected to high-speed internet networks as part of the effort. The construction of a safe and robust digital infrastructure, the delivery of government services online, and universal digital literacy are the three main components of Digital India. BharatNet, Make in India, Startup India, and Standup India, industrial corridors, Bharatmala, Sagarmala, dedicated freight corridors, UDAN-RCS, and E-Kranti were all launched on July 1, 2015, by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

In this article, let’s see the advantages of the Digital India Campaign.

Benefits of Digital India

Removal of the black economy all internet transactions can be easily monitored, and every payment made by a customer to any business will be logged, ensuring that no unlawful transactions occur and that people cannot hide their money. The government can effectively evict the underground economy by prohibiting cash-based transactions and requiring solely digital payments.

Payment without cash you won’t need to hold cash if you use cashless payment. Cash theft will be reduced, and when you make an online payment, all of your payments will be saved in the Record Bank. Customers can still get discounts on cashless payments and cashback through apps like Paytm, Phone Pe, and Freecharge. There are also shopping websites such as Flipkart and Amazon that offer discounts when making online bank payments.

Revenues Increasing another significant benefit of digital India is that as transactions become more digitized, monitoring sales and taxes becomes much easier. Because transactions are recorded, customers will now receive a bill for each purchase they make, and merchants will no longer be able to avoid paying tax to the government, resulting in increased government revenue – and thus growth of the economy.

The Economy has improved Digital India has made the most significant contribution to India’s Internet connectivity. The cashless economy is completely reliant on the Internet, allowing all types of information to be received solely through the Internet; the Digital India program will also considerably boost the country’s economy.

New jobs are being created there have been several ways to expand job opportunities in new markets as well as increase employment prospects in existing markets as a result of the Digital India program. New markets have begun hiring individuals, thereby raising the employment rate.

Establishes a foundation for e-governance. E-government is a great advantage for all citizens since it is easier, faster, and safer than traditional governance. With e-governance, you can now receive anything from a birth certificate to a death certificate in seconds, making it handy for individuals to get the information they need on the go.

People’s empowerment is a term used to describe the process of empowering people. One of the most significant benefits of Digital India is that it empowers citizens. When payments go digital, everyone will need a bank account, a phone, and other electronic devices. The government may quickly send subsidies to people’s Aadhaar-linked bank accounts in this way. In other words, people no longer have to wait for the government to provide them with the incentives and subsidies that they are entitled to. In most cities, this feature is already in place. The government provides LPG subsidies to the general public as an example of this feature. These days, the payment of the subsidy is done through bank transfers.

INTRODUCTION TO THE KNEE DISORDERS

When there are some imbalances within the knee then it can lead to disorders which can be indicated by deviation of the knee in terms of function. Most of these disorders occur due to some conditions imposed onto the structures present inside the knee.

BURSITIS: – inflammation (burning sensation) of the bursa causes pain.

(TIP- a word ending with itis refers to inflammation)

FAT PAD IMPINGEMENT: – the fat pad gets swollen heavily and can burst due to over-expansion.

TENDINITIS: – inflammation of a tendon

TORN MENISCUS: – a sudden twist of the knee can tear the rubbery cartilage leading to serious issues.

FRACTURE: – the bones surrounding the joint may get broken especially the patella is viable to damage in the case of accidents.

DISLOCATION: – the knee bone slips and comes out from its original location leading to excruciating pain.

ACL AND PCL INJURY: – the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament gets torn which may occur when there are a lot of instantaneous turns. However, this occurs rarely since these are very strong ligaments naturally.

OSGOOD-SCHLATTER DISEASE: – this is the swelling of the tendon between the tibia and patellar muscles.

STRAIN AND SPRAIN: – both are injuries but strain occurs in ligaments whereas sprain occurs in tendons.

These are some of the common disorders occurring to the knee. All of these disorders have something in common….PAIN but the intensity can vary based on time and severity of the disorder

ARTHRITIS

Arthritis is a commonly used word referring to the inflammation of joints. In fact, many people have an intuition that severe pain in the knee corresponds to arthritis mainly in old age groups. This is potentially a dreadful disease and can mainly affect the old aged. Most arthritis occurs over time but some can occur suddenly. Old-aged persons are more prone to this disease. This disease is likely to affect all age groups. This disease is more prevalent in women rather than men since their joints are weaker and more susceptible to motion when compared to men.

differences between normal and arthritic knee joint

In the case of arthritis, the bones start to wear down, the ligaments can tear, inflammation and swelling can occur, and also lead to internal bleeding (hematoma). There are about 100+ types of arthritis with different causes and symptoms.

comparisons between some of the arthritis

The different types of arthritis have symptoms different from each other. But arthritis, in general, shows some symptoms irrespective of the type.

Joint pain, stiffness in joints, red swollen mass, deranged and irregular motion is some of the common symptoms exhibited during arthritis. These symptoms are easy to identify by a common man and hence one can consult a medical practitioner known as a rheumatologist. The study of joints is known as arthrology and it is recommended to consult such a person.

As mentioned earlier cartilage is the one that protects the bones and also acts as a shock absorber. In the case of Osteoarthritis, this cartilage starts to vanish slowly. In the case of rheumatoid arthritis, the synovial fluid gets attacked by its own antibodies!!! This phenomenon in medicine is known as autoimmune disease and occurs due to error in the programming of these cells leading to the attack on their own cells.

In the case of gouty arthritis, there is a deposition of sodium urate crystals in the joints. It can lead to redness, pain, and heat around the joint. Uric acid which is generated in our body gets converted to purines (an essential component in DNA). Increased uric acid levels can lead to its deposition in the form of crystals. The best way is to remove the synovial fluid.

So these are the different types of disorders that can be seen in the knee. Proper diet and exercise and a healthy lifestyle can prevent most of them. So it is essential to be healthy to prevent the occurrence of these diseases.

HAPPY READING!!

INTRODUCTION TO THE KNEE DISORDERS

BURSITIS: – inflammation (burning sensation) of the bursa causes pain.

(TIP- a word ending with itis refers to inflammation)

FAT PAD IMPINGEMENT: – the fat pad gets swollen heavily and can burst due to over-expansion.

TENDINITIS: – inflammation of a tendon

TORN MENISCUS: – a sudden twist of the knee can tear the rubbery cartilage leading to serious issues.

FRACTURE: – the bones surrounding the joint may get broken especially the patella is viable to damage in the case of accidents.

DISLOCATION: – the knee bone slips and comes out from its original location leading to excruciating pain.

OSGOOD-SCHLATTER DISEASE: – this is the swelling of the tendon between the tibia and patellar muscles.

STRAIN AND SPRAIN: – both are injuries but strain occurs in ligaments whereas sprain occurs in tendons.

These are some of the common disorders occurring to the knee. All of these disorders have something in common….PAIN but the intensity can vary based on time and severity of the disorder

ARTHRITIS

The different types of arthritis have symptoms different from each other. But arthritis, in general, shows some symptoms irrespective of the type.

HAPPY READING!!

GLOBAL WARMING- CAUSES, IMPACTS, CONTROL

GLOBAL WARMING:

Global warming is the phenomenon of the increase of certain gas levels in the atmosphere due to the increase in the earth’s temperature. The temperature rise is due to the greenhouse effect caused by the increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and other pollutants. This term has been observed over the past 2 or 3 centuries. The rise in global warming has brought changes in climatic patterns. Many scientists have warned that a temperature rise may bring significant social, ecological, and economic damage to society. Such damage also includes the extinction of some flora and fauna species.

CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING:

The causes of global warming may be natural or artificial (man-made). The following are the major causes of global warming:

DEFORESTATION: The cutting of trees over a large area will result in deforestation. The loss of trees will gradually increase the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere since the plants are the main source to intake CO2 and release Oxygen (O2). This in turn results in economic imbalance and increases global warming.
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND POPULATION GROWTH: With the advent of industrial development, there is a rapid rise in the earth’s temperature. The release of harmful pollutants into the atmosphere results in global warming. The increase in population increases the level of CO2 in the atmosphere since they exhale CO2.
GASES PRODUCED IN AGRICULTURE: Various farming activities produce carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. Methane is released by various resources like rice paddies, fossil fuels, cow dung. By adding the fertilizers to the land, it increases the level of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere. This leads to a rise in the earth’s temperature.
VOLCANIC ERUPTION AND FOREST FIRE: The ash and smoke emitted during the volcanic eruption and forest fire will drastically increase the level of CO2, which in turn increases global warming.

IMPACTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON EARTH

MELTING OF GLACIERS: Global warming has led to the temperature rise which may bring several disadvantages to the earth. This in turn increases the melting of glaciers and thus increases sea level.
ECOLOGICAL IMBALANCE: Increase in global warming results has affected the coral reefs that may lead to the extinction of some flora and fauna species. This creates an ecological imbalance.
CLIMATIC CHANGES: Global warming has brought changes in climatic patterns. The monsoon failure, drought, acid rain, tsunami, floods due to heavy rainfall are some of the results of climatic changes. This will have a drastic impact on the living species of earth. The marine ecosystem is greatly affected by global warming.
ARRIVAL OF NEW DISEASES: The patterns of heat and humidity have been greatly affected by global warming. This results in the mutation of several microbes and that mutation maybe sometimes dangerous and will result in severe diseases. The increase in temperature affects the normal healthy lifestyle of humans.
LOSS OF HABITAT: Global warming will result in the loss of habitat for several flora and fauna species. Some of the animals have to migrate from their natural habitats or some become endangered species and indirectly it brings drastic effects on biodiversity.

HOW TO STOP GLOBAL WARMING?

Follow 3R’s Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. Reduce the usage of devices that emits CFCs and CO2 to the atmosphere. Plant more saplings to decrease the level of carbon dioxide and thus helps in maintaining the ecological balance. Conduct many awareness programs about global warming and its impact so that people can understand. Avoid the usage of plastic bags and canes. Use energy-efficient products to save energy. So, let’ protect our earth by following these steps.

Coordination & Cooperation: The Essential Tools in Management!

Difference Between Coordination and Cooperation (with Comparison Chart) - Key Differences

Cooperation is not always an easy thing to achieve in the workplace, but the effort is worth it because it leads to a harmonious and productive space. Cooperation can make the difference between success and failure for many businesses. When employees dedicate more time to their duties in a cooperative workplace, they are more productive and things get done more quickly and efficiently. Valuable time is not lost resolving bickering and conflict between employees and management when there is cooperation at the workplace. Teamwork is a mark of cooperation at the workplace. ‘Teamwork makes the dream work” says author John C. Maxwell. In a cooperation-rich workplace, individuals will voluntarily engage in open discussion. Management and employees work together and try to keep arguments to a minimum.

It takes empathy and skill, to bring a group of employees to cooperate and come together as a team. The basic role of a leader is to inspire. If you are a leader, in any sense, never forget the influence you have on others. As a boss, supervisor or leader, your attitude affects your employees and co-workers. Remember, that as your attitude affects your employees, in turn their attitudes affect your customers. And, as we all know, your customers are the lifeblood of your business.

A lot of people don’t know how to build a highly effective team. It is cooperation which is the pillar of teamwork. It has to be a part of any team that hopes to be successful. So what does it mean? And how do you get it? Cooperation means a group of employees working together for everyone’s benefit.

Techniques of Co-Ordination (How to Achieve Co-Ordination?):

(i) Clearly Defined Goals:–

The goals of the enterprise should be laid down clearly. Every individual in the enterprise should understand the overall objectives and the contribution of his job to these objectives.

(ii) Precise and Comprehensive Programmes and Policies:–

Laying down well defined programmes and policies is another measure for achieving effective coordination. This brings uniformity of action because everybody understands the programmes and policies which act as guides for taking decisions.

(iii) Clear Lines of Authority and Responsibility:–

An enterprise is composed of several vertical and horizontal authority relationships. Authority flows from top through various positions down to the level of operative workers. There is a line of authority in every enterprise which indicates that who is accountable to whom. This line of authority and responsibility should be clearly defined to achieve coordination.

(iv) Effective Communication:–

Effective communication is key to proper coordination. The channel of communication used in the enterprise should be reliable so that they are able to create proper understanding in the mind of the receiver. As advised by Mary Follett, personal contacts should be encouraged as it is the most effective means of communications for achieving coordination.

(v) Effective Leadership and Supervision:–

Management can achieve better coordination through effective leadership and supervision. Effective leadership ensures coordination both at the planning and the implementing stage. Effective supervision is also necessary to guide the activities of individuals in the proper direction. This will bring unity of action which is essential to co-ordination.

Ways to Gain Cooperation and Increase Engagement–

If you want to increase your employees’ engagement and commitment and encourage teamwork there are a few things you can do to make them feel valuable which will lead to committed employees.

It is easy for workers to feel like cogs in a big machine and having no real impact when they are not shown recognition. In cooperative workplaces, where employees are treated like a valuable part of the organization, management commonly reaches out to lower-leval employees seeking their input as to what should be done or how a task should be completed.

Engaging Your Employees–

If you want employee engagement you have to find a way to make them part of the process. There is a difference between commitment and compliance. Compliant employees do what is required and no more. Committed employees become part of a team, looking for ways to benefit the company with their expertise, their ideas and their energy. Employees buy in to what they help to create. Once you have built a platform of trust with them, you can go to the next level and get their active participation.

Showing Respect–

If you ever had a boss who did not show much respect, but, now being on the other side of the fence, perhaps you do understand that leaders get tired of employee complaints, and frequently talk about how drama in the workplace hampers productivity. As a leader, you must set the tone of how complaints are registered, and you must develop the wisdom to respond appropriately instead of reacting to an employee’s negativity.

Listening to your Employees–

The worst thing that a manager can do when an employee comes to him/her with a problem is to criticize or ignore. Do not make your employee feel insignificant. Pretending to listen or be sympathetic is even worse. Even if you hear what is being said, if you are distracted by checking e-mail, or looking at a message on your phone, you are unintentionally communicating that the person in front of you is not important enough to give your full attention.

Magnifying the Strengths-

The benefits of developing existing staff more than outweigh the cost of the time and money required to find new workers. The best companies make their employees even better and the least of them become better than what they thought they would ever be! In today’s competitive business economy, Managers are pushed towards minimizing labour costs rather than developing the long terms goal of increasing employees’ potential.

Conclusion:-

Co-ordination results in creation of a true whole that is larger than the sum total of its parts. The analogy of the conductor of a symphony orchestra is appropriate here. The conductor by his coordinating skills of vision, leadership and simultaneous attention to totality of the orchestra group and its individual instrument players, creates a living musical performance and not mere noise.

In any case, management has no alternative but to perform mediating, moderating and motivating roles in securing coordinated action. Mediation with external environment, moderation while controlling internal environment and motivation of individual organisational members are integral coordinating functions of management.

INTRODUCTION TO THE BONES AND JOINTS

Our human body can be compared to a machine in terms of its functioning, but the magnanimous human can perform extremely better than a machine. As there are many nuts and bolts to connect many parts in a machine, there are too some bolts and nuts in our body which join several parts of the body like arms and legs. The so-called nuts and bolts of the human body are known as JOINTS. A joint in general is the articulation that is present in between two bones. This sounds a bit complex. So joint in the English language refers to the association. So the joints in the human body associate something. The something defined previously is bones. In order to understand this, we have to know about the structure of bone in detail.

The above image depicts the structure of a bone in general. Important information to be known is that the unit of a bone is called an osteon. Many osteons combine together to form a bone. Bone-destroying cells are known as osteoclasts and bone-forming cells are known as osteoblasts. The external structure of a bone has two parts namely epiphysis and diaphysis. Physis refers to the growing plate. An increase in the bone’s height corresponding to bone growth. Epi means above and dia means through. Hence diaphysis is found in between two epiphysis which acts as the head and tail to the bone. The point of attachment of muscle in this bone is known as the trochanter. Everything present in the human body has some kind of protection. In the case of bone, that protection is offered by the periosteum. The inner layers can be visualized by peeling off those previous layers hindering them. Next, we have the cartilage which is a rubbery kind of protection to the bone. Hyaline cartilage present in bone is rather glassy in nature. The bone also has nerves and blood vessels since the bone requires nourishment and a proper message for its functioning. Bone marrow is the spongy tissue inside the bones. It contains stem cells. The stem cells can develop into the red blood cells that carry oxygen through your body, the white blood cells that fight infections, and the platelets that help with blood clotting. Bone marrow can be considered the mother of blood cells. This table provides insights on the types.

Type name	Prevalence	Content
Red	Children	Blood
Yellow	Adults	Fat

So now we move onto how a joint connects two bones. Consider this situation where there are two pipes and we want to connect them. The best way to connect so as to minimize their loss is by using a junction. There may be other options also, but there is no need to make a fuss about it.

Fig 1.2- the structure of a healthy joint

Hence from all these, we can come to an understanding of the importance of joints in the human body. To be short, the human body is meaningless and fragmented as the face, trunk, hands, and legs are separated without the joints.

HAPPY READING!!

INTRODUCTION TO THE BONES AND JOINTS

Type name	Prevalence	Content
Red	Children	Blood
Yellow	Adults	Fat

HAPPY READING!!

The invention that change the world!

INTERNET (1969):

In 1963, the Advanced Research project Agency (APRA) unit, set up by the the US defence department began to build a computer network. Driven by fear of the Soviet nuclear threat, it aimed to link computers at different locations, so researchers could share data electronically without having fixit routes between them, making the system less vulnerable to attacks- even nuclear ones.

Data was converted into telephone signal using a modem (modulator- demodulator), developed at AT&T in the late 1950 s. In the 1960s, key advances where made, including “packet switching” – the system of packaging, labelling and routing data that enables it to be delivered across the network between machines. Paul Baran (b. 1926) proposed this system, which broke each message down into tiny chunks. This would be fired into the network which would then route switch the various pieces to the desired destination.

“Getting information off the Internet is like taking a drink from a fire hydrant”.
Mitchell Kapoor, software designer

So, if chunks of a message where travelling from Seattle to New York via Dallas, but Dallas suddenly went offline, the network would automatically route via Denver instead. Different Parts or packets of a message would go by different routes, before being reassembled back into the original message at their destination, even if they arrived in the wrong order. Baran published his concept in 1964, and five years later the new network- called APRANET – went live.

As the threat of nuclear war receded in the early 1970s, APRANET was renamed the Internet and effectively opened to all users. Since then, the development of e-mail, the creation of the World Wide Web ( WWW) , and browser technology has enabled the Internet to become a rich communications facility.

ETHERNET ( 1973):

In 1973, Bob Metcalfe Xerox Palo Alto Research centre (PARC) faced a problem. Increasing numbers of computers were bringing up around him all of which needed to be connected to each other. Just down the hallway the world’s first laser printer invented at PARC in 1971 was hungry for documents. Computer networking was in its infancy. The hardware was expensive and wiring at PARC looked like an explosion in a spaghetti factory. Any glitch in the computers or the cabling would bring down the whole system.

Today, Ethernet stands as the dominant networking technology…
The Economist (2003)

Metcalfe was given the job of building a simpler more reliable computer network. Desperate for inspiration from any source he stumbled across the university of Hawaii’s ALOHAnet radio network. Unlike most computer networks which were carefully regulated so only one computer could talk to another at any given moment, ALOHAnet was a free for all. If several computers tried to talk at the same time each computer would back off for a little while before trying again. Constantly developed ever since, Ethernet is now the most popular standard for local networks, if you send a document to your officer printer today, it is likely to travel down the wires of an Ethernet based network, directly descended from Metcalfe’s work.

Five unique jobs no one told you about

If you ask any high school student or a graduate what is their career goal in life, you would get traditional answers like Engineer, Doctor, Lawyer, IAS, Banker etc. These are commonly known careers and as such have quite a large competition in the sector. The market is cut throat in these fields and very few manage to land the job of their dreams.

If you are passionate about these fields then more power to you but if not and you are still searching for your true calling then you can try your hands at these rare jobs not many are familiar with.

Headhunter

In other words professional recruiters, they are hired by organizations to hire employees without any advertisement. Finding a perfect candidate for a particular position is quite a hectic task so to save themselves time from interviewing multiple candidates, some companies prefer to hire a headhunter instead. This is mostly done to recruit higher level employees. It can be much more efficient for organizations to hire headhunters to cut down on the time and expense that goes into the recruiting process. To be successful in this field you need to have a strong professional network and a sharp eye for talent so you can shortlist the best available candidate for the job.

Art therapist

Did you know that art can be used as a form of therapy? Yes, this psychology career uses art to reduce person’s stress, anxiety and improve their self esteem. It’s main goal is to serve as a healing process and provide with many other mental health benefits. So, not only do you provide assistance to people in need, you are also doing something different. This can be useful for people who can’t express themselves verbally. If you are searching for interesting careers in psychology, then becoming an art therapist might fit the bill.

Professional Bridesmaid

You heard it right. Not many people think this could be a career option but it is and quite a successful one may I add. Now you may wonder why would anyone need a bridesmaid? Well answer is simple. Planning a wedding could be very tiresome for bride and her bridesmaids so hiring a professional bridesmaid can relieve them of that stress. As a professional bridesmaid your duty may involve Dress shopping, planning bachelorette party, managing guest list, catering, filling in for uneven number of bridal party. If you are a party planner and love weddings then this might just be a good opportunity for you.

Food scientists

Almost every edible item you consume has a good scientist working on it. They make sure that the food tastes delicious while maintaining the nutritional value of it. They are responsible for coming up with delicious flavors as well as different food processing techniques. They also come up with sustainable food items which can be used when the expenses increase every day.

Video game tester

If you are avid gamer you might as well get paid to play it. Tester’s role is to play the games which haven’t been released yet. Your job is to check every element of the game for the developer to make sure there are no glitches or errors.

Introvert Zone

There are four types of introverts Social, Thinking, Anxious and Restrained.

Social Introversion is what’s commonly accepted and understood as the stereotypical definition of introversion social introverts prefer solitude or small groups of people over gatherings. They rather stay home with a book or laptop or hangout with close friends, then go to parties with many unfamiliar faces. Social Introversion is different however from shyness because there’s no anxiety attached to their need for solitude.

Thinking Introversion is a newer concept. Thinking introverts are introspective thoughtful and self reflective. Unlike social introverts, they don’t feel a need to avoid large social scenes instead they like to daydream using their rich imaginations and creative capacities.

Anxious Introverts on the other hand seek time alone because they feel awkward and self conscious. Unlike social introverts they experience painful shyness around new people and the anxiety doesn’t necessarily go away when they are alone because they let situations play over and over in their heads. Contemplating what might have gone wrong?

Restrain Introverts on a slower pace and prefer to think before they speak or act they’re also known for being reserved. They like to take their time preventing impulse from affecting their decision-making.

Introverts react quickly to new information, but are slow to monitor change. Introverts brain become more excited when they analyze what steps they must take in the future but hesitate when they need to prepare for action whereas extroverts need to minimize the thoughts in their heads to make a decision but act quickly afterwards.

Introverts dread small talk. Introverts might seem disinterested in other people because they dislike small talk however they only dislike it because he creates barrier between them and others. Instead introverts want to feel authentically connected, so they crave deep meaningful conversations that help lower social walls.

HUGE SUCESS

Amazon’s top man – Jeff Bezos

“International Event: OLYMPICS”

The word “olympics” itself is an emotion. The international sports festival which held in every 4 years in about 206 countries of the world. It is the worlds foremost athletic competition among the most promising & commendable citizens of the respective 206 countries. Olympics gives the opportunity to the citizens to showcase their aptitude and ability in every sport despite of any sense of discrimination among them. Olympics gives a friendly nature, a sense of peace and prosperity among the countries. It’s an international level sport which gives justice to each and every citizen to showcase their talent and their earnest nature in the name of their country, showcasing your country on an international level is something beyond reproach, it’s indescribable.

THE 5 RINGS OF OLYMPICS.

The five rings represent the five continents of the world that participate in “the fruitful rivalries” Of the Olympics games. The colors – blue, yellow, black, green and red – stand out against the white background which shows the sense of unity and togetherness of every colour under the white background despite of measuring the wavelength, tone and frequency in all the 5 colours, which represents that each and every citizen of every country can represent their nation without any sense of discrimination under the same sky.The six colors can be combined in any number of ways to reproduce the flag of every country without exception. It gives the opportunity to the citizens to showcase themselves in the name of their respective nations in different sports without any kind of inequity and bias among them.

IMPORTANCE OF OLYMPICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

As with the changing times, the youth of the world has become more generous and they have the sense of being vocal about their thoughts and their abilities which gives an ever-growing impression in the world. With the modern world, the youth has all the elements to showcase their respective interest in different fields. Since olympics gives an opportunity to the youth to represent their desire and talent in their respective best sport they are in, it gives a learning atmosphere for the youth to inspire and learn through a sport. Representing your culture, your country on a global level gives an indescribable emotion from which the youth seeks the importance of culture, its meaning.

Young athletes exhibiting their respective countries in 100’s of different sports in an international level competition and earns medals through their hard work, desire and generosity. It’s an unimaginable moment for the athlete who wins on a global level among 206 countries, Olympics truly gives so many of opportunities to the citizens, to earn through their hard work and desire without getting judged or discriminated in any form.

“HISTORY OF OLYMPICS”

The Olympic Games, which originated in ancient Greece, 3,000 years ago, were revived in the late 19th century and have become the world’s prominent sporting competition. From the 8th century B.C. to the 4th century A.D., the Games were held every four years in Olympia, located in the western Peloponnese peninsula, in honor of the god Zeus. The first modern Olympics took place in 1896 in Athens, and featured 280 participants from 12 nations, competing in 43 events. Since 1994, the Summer and Winter Olympic Games have been held separately and have alternated every two years. The 2020 Summer Olympics, delayed one year because of the COVID-19 pandemic, will be held from July 23 to August 8, 2021 in Tokyo, Japan.

INDIA IN OLYMPICS

India has been participating in Olympics since 1900. Being the most diversified and culturally active country, it has been the most commendable and honoured country in the platform of Olympics as well. No doubt, India in the race of Olympics is not so graceful as compared to other countries, but India being the 2nd most populated country gives cultural competition to many other countries, it has gained prosperity in each and every sector, but in Olympics, India has a little disgraceful exhibition among the several countries.

WHERE INDIA LACKS?

Excess importance to cricket

We, as a country, are obsessed with a singular sport and that is cricket. It is only during major events like Olympics when other sports are given a part of the limelight and fan cheering. For the rest of the year, we stay ignorant of who’s who of other sports. They are promoted less, there are fewer sponsors for the other sports, there are even less fans hooting and cheering them to do better and then we go about complaining and trolling athletes when we do not get enough medals.

Lack of encouragement

The foremost factor right from the very beginning, youth in India are discouraged from pursuing a career in sports. Our parents are obsessed with the likes of medical and engineering. And for girls, the scenario is even worse with list of drawbacks and hindrances they have to face before they could persuade their parents to allow them to play. Most of them are forced to quit sports in order to do something that would give them better job security. Our success as an academically-oriented people proves that we are excellent at pursuing something that pays well, so does India’s obsession with cricket.

Poor administration

There is no proper governing of Administrative issues is the prime concern with Indian sports. Non-Involvement of ex-sportsman in administrative staff is also a major reason why India lacks in this sector. Our economy has been prospering and allotment of funds to different fields of development has been improvising with each year’s budget. However, there is still relatively very less allotment of funds for sports given the sheer number of youths who are willing to take up sports seriously. Enough of IITs and IIMs, when will we get a dedicated sports university?

IMPROVEMENTS TO BE DONE
-Khelo India Youth Games
Khelo India Youth Games, held annually in January or February, are the national level multidisciplinary grassroot games in India held for two categories, namely under-17 years school students and under-21 college students. Every year best 1000 kids will be given an annual scholarship of 5 lakh for 8 years to prepare them for the international sporting events. This is a great initiative by the Govt of India.
-Collective efforts
India being a developing country cannot invest a major part of it’s economy for sports. India has a huge number of industrialist and business men who can easily take up responsibilities to encourage these talented athletes and collectively make the necessary arrangements. Instead of giving them crores of rupees as rewards after winning, we should focus on giving them basic amenities for developing them as a good sports person.
-Too much criticism
There is a lot of criticism about the performance of Indian athletes over the years. This decreases their morale. The point is, if you can’t support them, don’t, but please don’t criticize them. You don’t know their stories, their food facility, coaching, support, Money, still they made it to Olympics to compete with the ones who were trained, supported and recognized well by their respective country or govt or organization.
-Impartial
We might have a lot of Dhonis but it’s difficult to find more Mary Koms and Sania Nehwals owing to the gender discrimination that has paved its way into sports. Sports and women are the two opposite ends of a pole. The society does not encourage girls to be an active part of sports, moreover they are considered to be delicate creatures and their potential in sports is questioned. This should be stopped. There should be special policies to encourage the participation of women in sports.
-Transparency in the system
Selection process of players and board members needs more transparency. Sports-governing body heads should be an ex-sportsman. This will create job opportunities for sportsmen as well. Players should be only judged upon their performance and not any other factors.

-SUKHMANI PANESAR

“MOMOS” – The Capital’s Obsession!

Delhi being the National Capital always wins the race, even for the obsession of momos- Delhi is on Number 1! Delhi has a forever- kind of love for momos! Street- food is the Highlight of our culture, and momos are always the go to street food for most of the citizens out there. The love and insanity for momos has been increasing, as momos always gives us it’s different character on different seasons – be it summer, winter or rainy season, eating momos always gives us different feelings in every season! Delhites has unconditional love for momos. When it comes to food, every state has its own specialty of street food or cuisine and it holds a special place in our hearts. Be it Mumbai’s Vada Pav or Kolkata’s Kathi Roll, we always have a fond memory with each of these dishes. But then some dishes are not only our comfort food, but they are also famous for being tasty, delicious, crispy , soft and what not! And one such dish is momo. We cannot eat enough of momos, be it steamed momos or fried momos, our love for momo is completely different. Evening is always the time for 1 plate momos be it the chicken one or the veg one, momos holds a precious place in our hearts when it comes to evening snacks! Trust me, the mouth watering taste of momos served with spicy chutney is all you need on a bad day! Momos are dumplings native to Tibet and Nepal. Traditionally, momo is prepared with minced meat filling, but now, one can find number of variations. If you enjoy momos and are thinking about going to the nearest momo joint to hog on some, you should certainly visit these places in Delhi to eat some unforgettable momos!

BEST PLACES TO EAT MOMOS IN DELHI!!

DILLI HAAT

Place: Dilli haat, Sri Aurobindo marg, Kidwai nagar.

Dilli haat is the place where you can get each and every type of dishes and cuisines from different states. Every state has its own Cafe with its own food specialty of the state! Dilli haat is the place where you can get the feeling of eating typical Darjeeling chicken momos with the soup while literally sitting in New Delhi, you’ll literally feel that you are enjoying the chilly evenings in Darjeeling and are eating hot and spicy chicken Darjeeling momos in order to warm yourself and to enjoy the thin yet soft outer layering of the momos, with the juicy filling of chicken inside, and of course with the spicy yet sweet chutney that will surely make you cry!
There are several momo joints such as ‘Nagaland Old’, ‘Sikkim Tourism Tashi Delek Food Stall’, ‘Manipur Food Stall’ and others that sell mouth-watering momos.

2. DOLMA AUNTY MOMOS

Place: Dolma aunty momos, Lajpath Nagar 2

How can someone lives in Delhi and haven’t ate momos from Dolma aunty?? Haha, it’s surely not possible at all! Dolma aunty Momos, The first ever momos stall in Delhi, dolma aunty momos is mainly known for its Chicken & Veg momos which are worth the taste! These are the cheapest yet the tastiest momos you’ll ever get in Delhi. The ambience here isn’t so well, but as dolma aunty momos is located in Lajpat Nagar 2, the famous south Delhi market of Delhi, you can shop here! Dolma aunty still has maintained its taste since the day she started selling the momos for the first time. The taste has become more prominent and delicious. Since so many years of working, dolma aunty has opened 2 stalls- one in the most famous -Kamla Nagar market in north Delhi, and the second is in Janpath, CP.

3. DEPAULS, JANPATH

Janpath, the most famous market known for cheap yet bomb clothes for girls located in the centre of Connaught Place. Depauls in Janpath is the most crowded place, people even stand in a queue to order for their momos. It’s is also known for the cheap yet tastiest momos ever. People here literally come, not to buy clothes from Janpath but to eat momos from depauls!Along with momos you can also buy the most famous cold coffee of delhi from depauls which serves in various flavours!

4. BROWN SUGAR, GK

India’s first ever healthiest momos, you all will wonder that momos? And healthy?! Ofcourse, Brown sugar sells momos made up of wheat! Yes, you’ve heard it right , it’s WHEAT. And don’t you dare to think that momos made up of wheat will be in a very thick structure, no not at all! Wheat momos here are served with thin outer layer made up of wheat, which is healthy and the spicy serving is not like the common red- spicy one, brown sugar provides the spiciest chutney made with sesame seeds and green chillies! These wheat momos are worth to taste , different from others yet the best momos ever! The range of brown sugar momos lies from Rs 120 – Rs 340.

5. QDs

If you visit QDs then you’ll notice that a hot and famous selling item here, that you will spot on every table is their signature Tandoori Momo. This is why they always place a bottle of mint chutney along with the red chilly garlic chutney on every table that serve as the best accompaniments to Tandoori Momos. Their momos are quite big in size and loaded with a spicy masala. Their chutney will bring tears from your eyes for sure!!

I’m sure you’ve loved reading this, now make a plan to visit all these places and eat different types of momos!! All the momos freak, go grab your plates, and don’t forget to take a water bottle to calm yourself after eating the juicy momos with the spiciest chutney!!!

-SUKHMANI PANESAR

“Post – Covid Hair Fall”

We all know the famous quote, “ LET YOUR HAIR DO THE TALKING!” But, this coronavirus has not only destroyed our families and health but also destroyed our hair too! Hair being the superpower of all the girls has now become the major problem of our daily lives nowadays. Many people who have recovered from COVID-19 have experienced massive hair fall since then. Post- Covid hair fall has become a major problem for most of the people out there, and each one of them is experiencing a major hair loss. Bald patches are being noticed in most people’s heads. According to the medical experts, hair loss has been a significant post Covid-19 complication reported by numerous people. Post- Covid hair fall is legit. Covid has taken many people’s lives , and has destroyed many families, which has already worsened the mental health of the people, and having more and more stress leads to more and more hair fall. Problems like shortness of breath, fatigue, dry skin, allergies, and weakness are some of the prominent problems that most of the people are facing in their lives but major hair loss problems are also being reported by the people. Dr Stuti Khare Shukla, MD dermatologist, says that it is extremely common to face hair fall issues after Covid. “In fact, 70 to 80 percent of patients will definitely face the issue after they have been infected. Usually, it takes 2-4 months to settle, and this type of hair fall is called ‘ ‘telogen effluvium’ ” Covid causes a lot of acute stress, which leads to significant hair loss. Usually, our hair cycle has various phases and when our body undergoes some stress mechanism, our hair ends up in the resting stage and eventually after 2 to 3 months, it starts shedding off. This is the mechanism of telogen effluvium, and patients can suffer up to 4 months of hair loss. Since everyone is experiencing this hair loss, this is completely normal. Through some home remedies & precautions you can get your hair back!

HOME REMEDIES FOR HAIR LOSS:

Nutritional Deficiencies

Since nutrients play a very prominent role in our lives to be healthy and strong. Nutritional deficiencies can cause various problems and one of them is hair loss. So, it could be possible that essential nutrients may be missing from your diets resulting in hair loss problems. Iron, copper, zinc and proteins are some of the major nutrients that we need to keep our hair shiny, voluminous and healthy and deficiency of one of these nutrients can cause major problems to our hair. Deficiency of Vitamin D can also cause major hair loss. In order to avoid this, make sure to get some sunlight.

2. Hormonal Imbalances

After the age of 30, women can experience hormonal imbalance which can cause hair loss. This is usually caused by excessive dihydrotestosterone (DHT) conversion. Even though estrogen is the main hormone that women produce, testosterone and other androgens such as DHEA also occur in the female body. As women reach a certain age, they may begin to convert these androgens to DHT.

3. Egg mask

Eggs are rich in sulphur, phosphorus, selenium, iodine, zinc and protein, which together help promote hair growth.

To prepare the mask:

Separate one egg white in a bowl and add a teaspoon each of olive oil and honey.

Beat to make a paste and apply it all over from root to tips.

After 20 minutes, rinse with a mild shampoo.

4. Coconut Milk

The protein and essential fats in it promote hair growth and prevent hair loss.

To prepare the milk:

Grate a medium-sized coconut and simmer it in a pan for five minutes.

Strain and cool.

Then add one tablespoon of each crushed black pepper and fenugreek seeds to the milk.

Apply on your scalp and hair.

After 20 minutes, rinse with a shampoo.

5. Beet root Juice

Beetroot is rich in vitamins C and B6, folate, manganese, betaine and potassium, all of which are essential for healthy hair growth. Besides, it acts as a detoxification agent by helping keep the scalp clean.

Boil 7-8 beetroot leaves and grind along with 5-6 henna leaves.

Apply this paste on your scalp and leave for 15-20 minutes before rinsing with warm water.

6. Greek Yoghurt and Honey

1. Mix 2 tablespoons of yoghurt with 1 tablespoon of honey and lemon in a bowl.

2. Using a dye brush, apply this paste to the scalp and roots.

3. Leave it on for 30 minutes before rinsing with cold water.

4. Apply this paste once a week.

To all the people out there, especially girls, try these home remedies at home, and get back your shiny & healthy hair. Say no to STRESS! Try these home remedies and remember to flip your hair and enjoy your life!

-SUKHMANI PANESAR

“Life without a Father”

The title itself is horrible to even think about. ’Father’- this 6- word letter has a lot of emotions vested in it. Losing a father is something tremendous which happens to the child, no matter what the age is, losing a father breaks you in pieces” It is an indescribable experience, it permanently alters children of any age. Nothing is the same, you start a new life without your well- wisher, it is a whole transformative event for a child. Since we all know that death is inevitable, no one can stop that, but this doesn’t minimize the grief, the pain that a child experiences after losing a parent. The two main persons of our life to whom we call -“ mumma and papa” even thinking about a life without them gives goosebumps. For me, it is something from which I will never move on, I mean, how could I move on? He was the person who made me, who gave me a life, how can I forget him? Daddies & daughters have a very precious bond that nobody can ever replace. I lost him at the age of 20, where he was supposed to guide me, to cheer me up, to enjoy my earnings, but everything went upside down. That night has taught me everything, for which I wasn’t ready at all. I didn’t even know that I could write down my feelings, but since I lost him, writing my feelings on a piece of paper has become my go – to best friend. The realisation that I keep getting is that I will not be able to see him or hear his voice for the rest of my life, I will not ever see him or talk to him again” which always breaks me whenever I think of this, this is something dreadful. We are never really ready to lose a loved one no matter how ill they are. They had made our heart, they made us and now there is a hole where they once were and nothing can fill it in or cover it. I am the daughter who lost her father too soon, too much to process. Writing my feelings is my way of missing him, other than I can do nothing, nobody can ease my pain or can understand through which I’m going, this is something so excruciating, that I am unable to even write.

Father- the most powerful word connected with millions of sentiments. Nobody can ever replace those laughs, smiles, those secrets between a father and a daughter, it’s something so precious that I wish I could make a montage from my head to see those moments again and cherish them once again. I wish I could relive those moments, to see him once again, to laugh with him, to do every possible thing that I’ve missed. The man behind me is no more, and it breaks me to pieces, and I am left with zero energy to even pick those pieces to make it again. It shatters me whenever I think of those last moments of him taking his last breath beside me. I wish I could take all of his pain….I wish…..

-SUKHMANI PANESAR

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: A journey to discover yourself!

As the word says- Personal Development undoubtedly arises a way of improving yourself to achieve your desired goal in life. It’s a way of recognizing your strengths and how to work better on them. It not only allows you to achieve your goals but also encourages you to carefully search for many of your skills and interests to make yourself better. Of course, it’s not a short process. Improving yourself and rising to greater heights isn’t a cup of tea. As learning has no end, developing yourself too doesn’t have.

PERSONAL GROWTH IS ESSENTIAL.

Personal growth is a way of informing that Yes! You are upgrading yourself day by day. Even if they continue to be small steps, that doesn’t matter. You are at a satisfaction that you have started achieving your key objective. Let’s take an example to see how you tend to find new skills and interests in you. Imagine you are visiting the place, say Delhi. After exploring every place, you feel to go to Agra to witness one of the Seven Wonders of the World-TAJ MAHAL. Therefore, isn’t there an interest coming within you to visit many in and around places to gain certain experiences that probably you may not get? Clearly, you won’t allow it to go. You take advantage of the decision and the rare opportunity you have. Similarly, you are on a journey to discover your skills and how to mold them well. At this point, you might find something very different and engrossing and you end up willing to attempt it. It’s basically to make you understand that you have so much to learn in your life. You have to take an advantage of it and use the chance to your fullest.

THREE FEATURES OF PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT:

1.SELF-INTROSPECTION

Calmly sit down and find out what are your strengths, weaknesses.
Don’t ever forget to remember your success and failure because these two can totally change the whole dynamics of development.
Success makes you realize you are learning different qualities and actions. It inspires you to learn more and strive for bigger success.
Once a failure doesn’t always indicate a failure. You learn from your mistakes and warn your inner self to not repeat them.
Certain minor changes encourage you to shape your personal growth better day by day.
There is no person in this world who hasn’t faced a failure. It is evident that when you are on a tour of accomplishing something extremely big, you fall. But at the same time, you should rise like the sun.

2. BUILDING YOUR OWN IDENTITY

It’s very essential to note no one knows you better than you. Think what makes you, YOU.
Identity is all about questioning you on what you are.
Your identity shouldn’t be defined by others, because you live for yourself.
It is also important you don’t go and ask others to tell you how you are. You will undoubtedly be lost in a place where maybe it’s difficult to come back. You are transforming yourself for your good.
In the same time, when you are socializing with people, you find certain qualities interesting, you should give a try to inculcate them.
Construct your own identity. Let people know you are unique.

3. DEVELOPING YOUR TALENTS

Each person is god-gifted with a bunch of talents.
Try to improve on those rather than jumping directly into discovering others.
Just because you like other’s talent doesn’t mean you forget yours and put a lot of time into it.
When you find others talent very eye-catching, include that in your personal growth.

WAYS TO IMPROVE PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

COMMUNICATION: This helps you pour out the feelings in you and helps you share your thoughts. This in return builds confidence in you.
SOCIALIZING WITH PEOPLE: Build connections with people, try to understand how they are. Find out what skills and qualities you can acquire.
PROBLEM SOLVING: Help people with their issues by providing solutions to them. This encourages you to indulge yourself more in it and causes you to realize what you are good at.
ADAPTING: Wherever you go you should be in a stage of adjusting yourself there. It’s not you stay in the same place surrounded by the same people.

IMPORTANCE OF PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

SELF- MOTIVATION: Motivate yourself to strive hard to achieve your goal.
BIGGER ACHIEVEMENTS: Success and failures teach you and show your capabilities on how potential you are to achieve something bigger.

Never stop yourself from accomplishing something you desire for just because others don’t like it. Remember, it’s personal development. You are living and improving for yourself. Many people come your way to either stop you or push you forward. Take it positively and step forward.

Roles in Affiliate Marketing

Affiliate Marketing Process

How Does Affiliate Marketing Works?

Pros of the Affiliate Marketing

Cons of Affiliating Marketing

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“1976”:

Handedness

The fallacy of Smartness:

NO, Not an anomaly!!

Creativity and Communication at their Feet!!

Conclusion

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Fine art:

MASS MEDIA:

Scientific:

Animation:

Political Cartoon:

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Why are some body parts pointless?

Why do we have eyebrows?

Why do we have nipples?

Why do people get goosebumps?

Why do we have a belly button?

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Other than Island Nations

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Do we really need Digital detox?

Benefits of Digital Detox

1. Keep your life balanced.

2. Sleep benefits

3. Time for Family and friends

4. Embracing reality

5. Look younger

How to Digital Detox

Here are 5 famous motivational quotes to inspire you while you Digitally Detox.

The body achieves what the mind believes.

Be patient with yourself. Nothing in nature blooms all year.

Your life only gets better when you do. Work on yourself and the rest will follow.

Nurturing yourself is not selfish—it’s essential to your survival and your well–being.

It is health that is real wealth and not pieces of gold and silver.

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Build Up

Foundation

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IMPORTANCE OF FEMALE EDUCATION

PROMOTION OF FEMALE EDUCATION

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What is Digital Education?

Digital initiatives in Higher Education by Indian Government

Audio-video e-content

Access Journals and E-books

National Digital Library

e-PG Pathshala

1. e-Adhyayan

2. UGC MOOCS

3. e-Pathya

SHODHGANGA

E – SHODHSINDHU

Accelerated hands on learning

1. e-Yantra

FOSSEE (Free and Open Source Software for Education)

Spoken tutorial

Track your progress

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