Government authorities ought to have emptied substantially more cash into delivering and appropriating COVID-19 immunizations to save more lives and salvage the economy quicker, as per new examination co-composed by 16 analysts including Harvard Business School teacher Scott Duke Kominers. Although government authorities found ways to speed antibody advancement last year, the United States and different nations might have paid to develop a fabricating framework and shore up the production network expected to create immunizations at higher limits. That additional speculation might have saved billions or even trillions of dollars in worth, Kominers and his co-creators revealed in Market Design to Accelerate COVID-19 Vaccine Supply in the March 12 issue of Science.
The benefit of having the option to deliver antibodies at scale the moment they clear preliminaries is very high in a pandemic,says Kominers, the MBA Class of 1960 Associate Professor of Business Administration at HBS. You are losing many billions in crude monetary movement every monthโand that is not in any event, representing the wide range of various types of misfortune the pandemic has caused. So you can place a great deal of cash into building plants ahead of time, just to have ones prepared to create the immunization that works.
Indeed, even as immunization endeavors acquire force all throughout the planet, hundreds keep on dieing every day. The pandemic, which shrank the worldwide economy by 4% in 2020, has additionally driven in excess of 119 million individuals into outrageous neediness, as per the World Bank. Furthermore, in the United States, the Federal Drug Administration this week instructed states to stop the utilization regarding the Johnson and Johnson antibody after six ladies fostered an uncommon blood-coagulating jumble, raising new worries about complete immunization supply.
Kominers spent the early months of the pandemic expounding on commercial center plan strategies that could offer helpโfor instance, by utilizing conveyance commercial centers to carry food to the old or by appropriating hand sanitizer all the more impartially. Kominers joined Accelerating Health Technologiesโa gathering of scholastics investigating approaches to speed COVID-19 inoculationโto dive into the financial matters of the infection. The gathering noted in the paper that numerous nations attempted to increase antibody improvement and creation in the course of the last year. The US, specifically, dispatched Operation Warp Speed, which put resources into promising antibody competitors and resolved to purchase a huge number of portions of effective immunizations, giving an ensured market to the shots.
Government authorities likewise may have stressed they were betting a lot on antibodies that probably won’t work out. Moreover, on the off chance that you construct a creation limit far ahead of time, you may wind up not utilizing some of this on the grounds that an immunization turns out not to work, he says. The typical sense is to delay until you know which antibody works and afterward increase creation. Yet, that wasn’t the right nature here. Likewise, governments may have been careful about putting citizen cash toward building foundations for private enterprisesโregardless of whether they recovered the interest as diminished immunization costs. In any case, once more, on account of COVID-19, the worth of these speculations would have far exceeded the possible expenses.
As individuals age, so do the entirety of our cells, which gather harm after some time. In any case, why our posterity doesn’t acquire those changes โ viably maturing a youngster even before birth โ has been a secret. At the point when you are conceived, you don’t acquire your folks’ age, says a formative researcher at MIT who contemplates the eternality of germline cells like eggs or sperm.For some explanation, you are at zero.Experts once imagined that germline cells may be ever-enduring โ some way or another shielded from the progression of time. However, examines have given indications of maturing in eggs and sperm, scattering that thought. So specialists have theorized that germline cells may rather reset their age after origination, switching any harm.
Researchers portray proof that upholds that revival speculation. Both mouse and human germline cells seem to reset their organic age in the beginning phases of an undeveloped organism’s turn of events. A restoration period that happens after an undeveloped organism has appended to the uterus sets the developing undeveloped organism at its most youthful natural age, named “ground zero,” scientists report June 25 in Science Advances. Seeing how germline cells invert maturing could assist analysts with creating medicines for age-related illnesses, like joint pain or Parkinson’s, says Vittorio Sebastiano, a formative scientist at Stanford University School of Medicine who was not engaged with the work. In such illnesses, certain cells may get broken because of harm. Resetting the age of those cells could keep them from causing issues.
It’s conceivable that this revival period “can be utilized and seized by one way or another to essentially attempt to advance comparable cycles of restoration in ordinary cells,” Sebastiano says. Vadim Gladyshev, a natural chemist and geneticist who studies maturing at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, and partners utilized atomic clocks to anticipate the surmised periods of mouse incipient organisms in the beginning phases of improvement. The timekeepers measure epigenetic changes, substance labels on DNA that can accumulate as cells age or are presented to things like contamination. Such labels can change a quality’s movement yet not the data that the quality contains.
By following epigenetic changes, the group tracked down that the age of the mouse incipient organisms remained steady during the principal phases of cell division quickly following preparation. In any case, by around 6.5 to 7.5 days into improvement, after an incipient organism connected to the uterus, the normal natural period of undeveloped organisms had plunged โ a sign that cells were going through some kind of revival occasion. A mouse undeveloped organism’s ground zero might be somewhere close to 4.5 to 10.5 days after preparation, the analysts say. Eventually during improvement, however the specific point is as yet muddled, mouse incipient organisms’ natural age then, at that point started to climb. Contemplating human incipient organisms at the soonest phases of advancement is restricted, so comparative information for people was inaccessible, Gladyshev says. Yet, some human undeveloped organisms that were marginally farther along being developed than the mouse incipient organisms didn’t promptly age, a clue that a comparative interaction occurs in individuals. The examination is an initial step and suggests more conversation starters than answers.
Neurological issues like Parkinson’s illness and epilepsy have had some treatment accomplishment with profound mind incitement, however those require careful gadget implantation. A multidisciplinary group at Washington University in St. Louis has fostered another cerebrum incitement method utilizing centered ultrasound that can turn explicit sorts of neurons in the mind on and off and definitely control engine action without careful gadget implantation.The group, driven by Hong Chen, collaborator teacher of biomedical designing in the McKelvey School of Engineering and of radiation oncology at the School of Medicine, is quick to give direct proof appearance noninvasive, cell-type-explicit enactment of neurons in the cerebrum of warm blooded creature by joining ultrasound-incited warming impact and hereditary qualities, which they have named sonothermogenetics. It is likewise the main work to show that the ultrasound-hereditary qualities blend can powerfully control conduct by animating a particular objective somewhere down in the cerebrum.
The senior exploration group included specialists from both the McKelvey School of Engineering and the School of Medicine, including Jianmin Cui, educator of biomedical designing; Joseph P. Educator of anesthesiology and pharmacology at the University of Washington.The work gave proof that sonothermogenetics inspires conduct reactions in unreservedly moving mice while focusing on a profound mind site. Sonothermogenetics can possibly change our methodologies for neuroscience, investigate and reveal new techniques to comprehend and treat human mind issues. Utilizing a mouse model, Chen and the group conveyed a viral development containing TRPV1 particle channels to hereditarily chosen neurons. Then, at that point, they conveyed a little eruption of warmth by means of low-power centered ultrasound to the select neurons in the mind through a wearable gadget.ย
We can move the ultrasound gadget worn on the head of free-moving mice around to target various areas in the entire cerebrum,” said Yaoheng Yang, first creator of the paper and an alumni understudy in biomedical designing. The work expands on research led in Cui’s lab that was distributed in Scientific Reports in 2016. Cui and his group figured out interestingly that ultrasound alone can impact particle channel action and could prompt new and noninvasive approaches to control the action of explicit cells.
ย In their work, they tracked down that engaged ultrasound regulated the flows coursing through the particle channels on normal by up to 23%, contingent upon channel and improvement power. Following this work, scientists discovered nearly 10 particle channels with this ability, however every one of them are mechanosensitive, not thermosensitive. The work likewise expands on the idea of optogenetics, the blend of the designated articulation of light-delicate particle channels and the exact conveyance of light to invigorate neurons somewhere down in the mind.. Sonothermogenetics has the guarantee to focus on any area in the mouse mind with a millimetre-scale goal without making any harm to the cerebrum, Chen said. She and the group keep on streamlining the procedure and further approve their discoveries.
Unemployment became a never ending war problem in front of our country .But the outbreak of covid19 make this problem more dense. Now along with the problem of unemployment the problem of disguised employment is in front of us. Unemployment means the numbers of individuals in the state are finding jobs for which they are fit, and they are willing to, but not getting that. Or simply a person is willing for a paid job or searching for one. It is a curse to society and decreases the economic growth of the country. The particular age group of unemployment is adults. The main reason for unemployment is the rapidly increasing population is one of the most affecting factors of unemployment. Slow economic growth, industrial growth is also the main reason for unemployment. Unemployment leads to an increase in poverty and sets back the economic growth of the country. The womenโs unemployment rate is higher in rural areas than in urban sectors of the country. Unemployment also misguides or makes our youth helpless to do criminal activities. The migration of people from rural to urban areas for the search of the job also affects it. As the demand for jobs is high and the number of posts is less. Unemployment is also a reason for our youth is getting addicted to drugs. Due to lack of a job, they get addicted to drugs, alcohol, and may even get into criminal activities. The government, as well as the society or we, should focus on population control and make people aware of its ill effects, long-time advantages, and ways to control which help the government to provide jobs to needy ones if there are some limited members. Agriculture is the backbone of our economy. Agriculture in India is not developed enough to accommodate all the unemployed youth. Our agriculture is still dependent on old and traditional ways of farming. And our education should also be upgraded as it mainly focuses on practical aspects of learning, should offer the vocational course and with that indirectly it will give the job to teachers.
Mob Lynching is an open punishment applied by a gather that does not have the authority to do so. Most times, lynching occurs when a group believes that a person has committed a crime, even if it has not been trialed or convicted. lynching’s practice may include public hangings, tar, and feathering, or other forms of extreme punishment or execution performed in public. Lynching differs from uncommon types of punishment because the public performs it outside the legal system. This is often handled by a group of people. Lynching is a mob justice in which ordinary people come together to terrorize or punish someone they think violates a legal, moral, and social standard. Today in our society cases of mob-lynching occur in the name of homecoming, love jihad, cow protection, and self-defense camps, the longstanding issues of communalism against the community are being expressed now as violence. The crowd is making a target of people .also many cases recorder where There is an attempt to provoke communities suffering from such attacks.ย
The instant โjusticeโ of the crowd also reveals the breaking of peopleโs confidence in law and order. mass lynching cases are mainly caused by the spread of rumors, suspicions, or religious beliefs. If we understand the events in what order they happened then, we may consider that some were the consequences of caste-based horrors, some were because of religious beliefs, and the rest was because of false news or rumors.
No doubt we should respect religious beliefs, but what if few people kill a person based on suspicion or suspicion? But the main question is that too what extend it is justified to take law in the hands. And to do injustice with someone in the name of the justice. Now need of the time is that government itself investigate the matter and give punishment to those who are culprit.
Corruption refers to a form of criminal activity or dishonesty. It refers to an evil act by an individual or a group. It includes activities like bribery or embezzlement. Most people in positions of authority are susceptible to Corruption. Corruption certainly reflects greedy and selfish behavior. Bribery is the most common method of Corruption which involves improper use of favors and gifts in exchange for personal gain. the favors include money, gifts, company shares, sexual favors, employment, entertainment, and political benefits. Also, the personal gain can be โ giving preferential treatment and overlooking crime.
One important way of preventing Corruption is to give a better salary in a government job. Many government employees receive pretty low salaries. so they resort to bribery to meet their expenses. So, government employees should receive higher salaries. , high salaries would reduce their motivation and resolve to engage in bribery. By Increasing the number of workers we can curb Corruption. In many government offices, the workload is very high. This provides an opportunity to slow down the work of government employees. Consequently, these employees then indulge in bribery in return for faster delivery of work. Hence, this opportunity to bribe can be removed by bringing in more employees in government offices.
Strong laws are very important for stopping Corruption. strict punishments need to be meted out to guilty individuals. Furthermore, there should be an efficient and quick implementation of strict laws. Applying cameras in workplaces is an excellent way to prevent corruption. Above all, many individuals would refrain from indulging in Corruption due to fear of being caught. Furthermore, these individuals would have otherwise engaged in Corruption. Furthermore, the politician supports them due to the benefits they receive. Corruption is a great evil in society. This evil should be quickly eliminated from society.ย
Education is the act of discovering things around us. And so the prominence of the education in a person life. To discover the real meaning of life. We need to educate not ourselves but our environment also. Education helps us to easily recognize and deal with any difficulty and makes balance throughout the whole life in every aspect. Education is the first and foremost right of every human being. And therefore we have the right to education in our constitution. Without education we are incomplete and our lives are useless. Education helps us to set a goal and go ahead by working on that throughout life. It improves our knowledge, skill, confidence level, and personality. It empowers us intellectually to interact with others in our life. Education brings maturity and teaches us to live in a society with changing environment. For adaptability, education is a must. It is the way to social development, economic growth, and technological development. For being a proper social person we need to educate ourselves.
Education plays a great role in everyoneโs life by building personality, improving knowledge and skill, and providing a feeling of well-being for a person. Education has been divided into three categories in our country as Primary education, Secondary education, and Higher Secondary education. It develops our analytical skills, character, and overall personality. Education plays a pivotal role in nourishing his present and future by ensuring aim of the life.
Every child must to go school at his/her appropriate age as everyone has equal rights to education from birth. The growth and development of any country depend on the quality of the education system set for young ones in schools and colleges. However, the education system in every area of the country is not the same so the proper growth and development of the people and society vary according to the weak and strong education system of the particular region. The future of our country is the youth and the more our youth will learn more advanced our nation will become.
COVID has not only affected us by entering our bodies but the agony of Losing family members, jobs, income, a completely disrupted education system, and constant fear of what next have severely damaged the peace of people. Even doctors, nurses are under the agony of constant threat and tremendous work pressure. Oxygen plants are being constructed and vaccines are being produced, however, what the mind has been going through cannot be cured by steroids or vaccines.
These are some of the thoughts that haunt many of us who are infected or have lost people close to us due to COVID.ย Whenever we surf the internet through information pieces or even when we watch the news, we see they offer COVID helpline numbers, hospital details, and other valuable information on how to tackle COVID. In the same way, we can have a COVID Mental Health support helpline, wherein people can interact with therapists or more precisely connect to somebody who can listen and feel empathetically.
At this point advice like yoga, meditation, or โkeep yourself engagedโ does not work. There has to be sharing, there has to be handholding throughout the process of recovery. To heal completely from COVID or COVID implications the mind needs to be healed as well and we all have to pay attention to this
Covid-19 has shaken the entire world. Even though Major Pharma companies have developed vaccines intending to end the pandemic. we are still struggling to find an end to this pandemic. One of the issues that India faces is the delay in immunizing the population again Covid-19. The delay is partly due to overpopulation. And If the vaccines are not effective against the new variant, it needs to be redesigned to combat the new variant, prolonging the pandemic.
Due to covid, our country has to suffer Major economies struggle to cope with the health care burden as millions of infected people need hospitalization for several days, depending on the severity of the disease.
No one knows when lockdown will be enforced again to control the situation. Many are losing their families and not allowed to attend the final rites due to strict quarantine and lockdown measures. Along with these major problems This disease has seriously created mental health issues, and it may take years to recover from such mental health conditions. Governments have to set up a separate budget to manage increasing mental health issues. The freedom to move around has now been crippled by Covid-19, and most people in lockdown are confined in a small space, limiting them to have face-to-face interactions with their dear ones and friends. It has affected people from all walks of life and has led to mental health issues. It is hard to find a common solution to all as mental health issues differ from person to person.ย Students are the worst affected community as Many schools and colleges have resorted to online teaching, which isnโt as good as a regular session.ย
The digital screen has now become our portal to communicate with the outside world. Many children have lost their parents in this second wave in India and have become orphans since then.ย There were several appeals to the Government of India requesting to support the children who have lost their parents/guardians/adopted parents. In such a drastic situation people are feeling alone. The best thing to overcome negative thoughts is by performing regular meditation and yoga, listen to music, news, recall sweet memories, watch favorite movies, plays, and read books. Only by overcoming our negative thoughts we can overcome mental sickeness.
As Cristiano Ronaldo snubbed Coca-Cola at the press conference ahead of Portugal’s Euro 2020 opener, the move had a spiralling effect all across the football fraternity. The move also coincided with the share prices of Coca-Cola dropping down, wiping off about USD 4 billion from their brand value. However, industry experts don’t feel the two incidents were related.
Highlights
Cristiano Ronaldo’s Coca-Cola snub at a Euro 2020 news conference has been a huge topic of discussion
The move also coincided with the brand value of Coke sinking by USD 4 billion
A market expert, however, has brushed aside any connection between the two
Ronaldo wasn’t pleased seeing Coca-Cola bottles placed on the table as he arrived to attend the press conference with Portugal manager Fernando Santos on the eve of the Hungary match. He put the Coke bottles aside and picked up a water bottle saying ‘Agua’, asking people to drink water over soft drinks.
While the move was to promote a healthier lifestyle, the fact that Coca-Cola is an official sponsor of Euro 2020, is bound to leave both the beverage brand and UEFA a little disappointed.
โCoke and UEFA will both be fuming,โ sports marketing expert Tim Crow, who worked as an advisor to the beverage-maker for 20 years, was quoted as saying by The Athletic. โThe fact is thereโs an agreement between them, which all the FAs and players sign up to, and one of the contractual agreements is going to press conferences where youโre surrounded by the sponsorsโ branding.โ
Itโs certainly not ideal that one of the most famous and most followed athletes on the planet makes a gesture like that. The sports marketing community will have raised more than an eyebrow in Ronaldo doing that,โ he added.
A day after the incident, reports of Ronaldo’s move hurting Coca-Cola’s stock prices and brand value surfaced but Crow has dismissed any co-relation between the two incidents. Branding it as ‘complete nonsense’, Crow said that the investors in the United States of America are not impacted by what happens in a European football match’s press conference.
American investors are not driven by what happens in a press conference ahead of a European football match. It doesnโt work like that. Tonnes of stocks went down for several reasons but the two things are not related. There are a billion servings of Coke every day. I think theyโll be OK,โ he said.
Here at Smart Blogger, we make most of our income from online courses and workshops โ over $1 million per year โ but we are far from the only successful blog doing this. Most of the people making a lot of money from their blogs are doing it online
Books and Ebooks
Quite a few writers have parlayed their blogging success into a major publishing deal. Mark Manson, for instance, published a in 2015. Millions of readers later, he got a book deal with Harper Collins and went on to sell over 3,000,000 copies in the US alone.
Affiliate Marketing
If youโd like to create some passive income streams from your blog, one of the best choices is affiliate marketing โ recommending the services, digital products, and physical products of other companies in exchange for a commission.
Advertising
Normally, weโre not big fans of selling ads on your site. You need roughly a million visitors per year for the large ad networks to take you seriously, and affiliate marketing is almost always more profitable and just as passive.
That being said, some niches like recipes, fashion, and news are hard to monetize through many of the other methods mentioned here, and they get LOTS of page views. In that case, putting a few ads on your site can make sense as a supplementary income source.
Speaking
There are many reasons to start a blog for personal use and only a handful of strong ones for business blogging. Blogging for business, projects, or anything else that might bring you money has a very straightforward purpose โ to rank your website higher in Google SERPs, a.k.a. increase your visibility.
As a business, you rely on consumers to keep buying your products and services. As a new business, you rely on blogging to help you get to potential consumers and grab their attention. Without blogging, your website would remain invisible, whereas running a blog makes you searchable and competitive.
There are many reasons to start a blog for personal use and only a handful of strong ones for business blogging. Blogging for business, projects, or anything else that might bring you money has a very straightforward purpose โ to rank your website higher in Google SERPs, a.k.a. increase your visibility.
As a business, you rely on consumers to keep buying your products and services. As a new business, you rely on blogging to help you get to potential consumers and grab their attention. Without blogging, your website would remain invisible, whereas running a blog makes you searchable and competitive.
Blogs and websites
Many people still wonder if there is any difference between a blog and a website. What is a blog and what is a website? Itโs even more challenging to differentiate between the two today. Many companies are integrating blogs into their websites as well, which further confuses the two.
As you know how drinking too much coffee can kind of put us on edge for the next dew hours? Wll hugging can actually have the opposite effect like so many other unseen benefits this all goes back to good hormones some research believe that hugging and other Interpersonal touch can boot a hormones called oxytocin and also effects our endogenous opioid system
Big words right but basically it’s boils down to this simply through the act of hugging our brains can produce soothing chemicals that helps us feel more safe and less threatening throughout the day so when something stressful does come up we don’t have such an aggressive fight or flights response to it .
The hope to open anxiety & depression is a collection of heartfelt honestly by a people
In past few year articles anxiety depression and a host of other mental health condition have taken the internet by storm things that’s decades age many people were afraid to talk about they fear doing so might make them appear weak or flawed or troubled but not a wave of openess and honestly has led to more and more people to talk about there mental health and the issues they might be facing
You might be woundering but what exactly is mental health you have heard of things like anxiety and depression and you are some what familiar with negative effects stress can have on the body but you don’t know about the nuances of these things and why caring for our mental health such a crucial part of living happy healthy and well rounded life.
Novavax has banded together with SII to supply 20 crore dosages of its immunization between September to December. The organization has been pushing for crisis authorization in a few nations as the US has effectively amassed a monstrous antibody keep money with Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson and Johnson candidates.India, which is in a gigantic inoculation drive to shield its populace from the lethal Covid, is soon prone to get another immunization from US-based Novavax. The Covishield is being utilized broadly in the Indian inoculation drive. Novavax’s CEO, said that the organization intends to apply for administrative freedom internationally and is focusing on center and low-pay nations that are confronting the brunt of Covid-19 because of the mash of immunizations.
NVX-CoV237, planned by the Maryland-based organization Novavax, is a recombinant protein immunization that utilizes spike proteins to show the body how to foster invulnerability against the novel Covid. Novavax analysts started by embedding a changed spike quality into baculovirus and contaminated moth cells. These tainted moth cells delivered spike proteins that combined to shape the spikes seen studded on the novel Covid’s surface. The scientists then, at that point collected the spike proteins from moth cells and gathered them into nano-particles that mirrored the atomic construction of the Covid-19 infection, however they didn’t recreate.
Once infused into the arm, the nanoparticles draw in the body’s invulnerability cells compelling them to react rapidly and firmly. The nanoparticles are then conveyed by safe cells known as antigen-introducing cells that tear separated the spike protein and show the sections on their surface. This actuates the body’s B cells that begin spilling out antibodies. The recently created antibodies ‘recollect’ the infection’s spike protein get enacted when a genuine infection attempts to contaminate the body.As and when Covid places its spike proteins on the cells, the antigen-introducing cells remember it and annihilate it.
The viability is comparable to equal up-and-comers from Pfizer and Moderna. It’s anything but an adequacy of 100% at forestalling moderate or serious infection, the New York Times detailed. The Phase III preliminaries were dispatched in the United Kingdom in September 2020, where it’s anything but an adequacy of 96% against the first Covid variation. The organization is likewise fostering an antibody against new variations of Covid-19. Novavax has now extended its clinical preliminary to incorporate youngsters as youthful as 12 years.With regards to shipping the antibody, Covavax offers an interesting benefit to Pfizer, Moderna or Indian immunizations like Covi Shield as it tends to be kept stable for as long as 90 days in a cooler, not at all like different antibodies that need to be kept in a frozen state. The organization has kept up that it’s anything but a creation objective of 150 million portions before the finish of the second from last quarter in 2021.
Architects at Google have requested that a man-made brain power plan quicker and more proficient processors โ and afterward utilized its chip plans to foster the up and coming age of particular PCs that run exactly the same sort of AI algorithms.Google works at such a huge scope that it plans its own microchips as opposed to purchasing business items. This permits it to improve the chips to run its own product, however the cycle is tedious and costly. A custom chip for the most part takes a few years to develop.One phase of chip configuration is an interaction called floor-planning, which includes taking the settled circuit chart of another chip and organizing the large numbers of segments into a proficient format for assembling. Albeit the practical plan of the chip is finished now, the design can hugely affect speed and force utilization. For cell phones, the need might be to slice power utilization to extend battery life, yet for a server farm, it very well might be more critical to amplify speed.ย
Floor-planning has recently been an exceptionally manual and tedious assignment, says Anna Goldie at Google. Groups would divide bigger chips into squares and work on parts in equal, messing around to discover little refinements, she says.But Goldie and her associates have now made programming that transforms the floor-planning issue into an assignment for a neural organization. It’s anything but a clear chip and its huge number of segments as a mind boggling jigsaw with a tremendous measure of potential arrangements. The point is to improve whatever boundaries the designers choose are generally significant, while additionally setting every one of the parts and associations between them precisely. The product started by creating arrangements at arbitrary times that were tried for execution and effectiveness by a different calculation and afterward took care of back to the first. Thus, it slowly realized what methodologies were compelling and based upon past victories. It got going sort of arbitrary and gets truly downright terrible, however after large amount of emphasis it turns out to be very acceptable and quick.
The group’s product created designs for a chip in under 6 hours that were equivalent or better than those delivered by people more than a while as far as force utilization, execution and chip thickness. A current programming device considered RePlAce that finishes plans at a comparative speed missed the mark regarding the two people and the AI generally speaking in tests. The chip configuration utilized in the trials was the most recent form of Google’s Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), which is intended to run the very same kind of neural organization calculations for use in the organization’s internet searcher and programmed interpretation instrument. It is possible that this new AI-planned chip will be utilized later on to plan its replacement, and that replacement would thus be utilized to plan its own substitution.
The group accepts that a similar neural organization approach can be applied to the different other tedious phases of chip configuration, slicing the general plan time from years to days. The organization expects to repeat rapidly in light of the fact that even little upgrades in speed or force utilization can have a tremendous effect at the immense scope it works at. There’s a high chance of expense in not delivering the future. Suppose that the enhanced one is substantially more force productive. The level of the effect that can have on the carbon impression of AI, given it’s conveyed in a wide range of various server farms, is truly significant. Indeed, even one day sooner, it’s anything but a major contrast.
The human stomach related framework is home to an immense local area of microorganisms known as the gut microbiome. The MSU-UNC research group found that the gut microbiome was diverse in babies with solid dread reactions and newborn children with milder reactions.These dread reactions – how somebody responds to a terrifying circumstance – in early life can be pointers of future psychological wellness. Furthermore, there is developing proof tying neurological prosperity to the microbiome in the gut.The new discoveries recommend that the gut microbiome could one day furnish scientists and doctors with another device to screen and support sound neurological turn of events. This early formative period is a period of enormous freedom for advancing solid mental health, said the head of the new investigation distributed June 2 in the diary Nature Communications.The microbiome is an energizing new objective that can be possibly utilized for that.Studies of this association and its part in dread reaction in creatures drove Knickmeyer, a partner educator in the College of Human Medicine’s Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, and her group to search for something comparable in people. Also, concentrating how people, particularly little youngsters, handle dread is significant on the grounds that it can help conjecture psychological wellness sometimes.
Fear responses are a typical piece of kid improvement. Kids ought to know about dangers in their current circumstance and be prepared to react to them. In any case, on the off chance that they can’t hose that reaction when they’re protected, they might be at uplifted danger to foster nervousness and sorrow later on in life.On the opposite finish of the reaction range, kids with particularly quieted dread reactions may proceed to foster insensitive, apathetic characteristics related with solitary conduct, Knickmeyer said.To decide if the gut microbiome was associated with dread reaction in people, Knickmeyer and her colleagues planned a pilot concentrate with around 30 babies. The specialists chose the accomplice cautiously to keep whatever number elements affecting the gut microbiome as predictable as could be allowed. For instance, the entirety of the youngsters were breastfed and none was on antibiotics.The scientists then, at that point described the kids’ microbiome by investigating feces tests and surveyed a kid’s dread reaction utilizing a basic test: seeing how a kid responded to somebody going into the room while wearing a Halloween cover.
We truly needed the experience to be charming for both the children and their folks. The guardians were there the entire time and they could bounce in at whatever point they needed. These are actually the sorts of encounters babies would have in their ordinary lives.Compiling all the information, the specialists saw huge relationship between explicit highlights of the gut microbiome and the strength of baby dread responses.For model, youngsters with lopsided microbiomes at multi month old enough were more unfortunate at 1 year old enough. Lopsided microbiomes are overwhelmed by a little arrangement of microorganisms, though even microbiomes are more balanced.The analysts likewise found that the substance of the microbial local area at 1 year old enough identified with dread reactions. Contrasted and less unfortunate kids, babies with uplifted reactions had a greater amount of certain kinds of microscopic organisms and less of others.
The group, nonetheless, didn’t notice an association between the kids’ gut microbiome and how the youngsters responded to outsiders who weren’t wearing covers. Knickmeyer said this is likely because of the various pieces of the cerebrum engaged with preparing conceivably alarming situations.With outsiders, there is a social component. So kids may have a social attentiveness, however they don’t consider aliens to be quick dangers. At the point when kids see a veil, they don’t consider it to be social. It goes into that no fuss appraisal part of the mind. As a component of the examination, the group additionally imaged the kids’ cerebrums utilizing MRI innovation. They tracked down that the substance of the microbial local area at 1 year was related with the size of the amygdala, which is important for the mind engaged with conveying fast choices about expected intimidations.
Drawing an obvious conclusion proposes that the microbiome may impact how the amygdala creates and works. That is one of many fascinating conceivable outcomes revealed by this new examination, which the group is presently attempting to imitate. Knickmeyer is additionally getting ready to fire up new lines of request with new joint efforts at IQ, posing new inquiries that she’s eager to answer.We have an extraordinary chance to help neurological wellbeing early on.Our long haul objective is that we’ll realize how we can deal with cultivate sound development and improvement.
Being 2nd in terms of the population can seem a curse to our country especially in terms of employment. The competition that youngsters face these days is because of this population. Even those who get a job didn’t get the desired salary. Most employees are not paid in proportion to the work that we put in. Whatโs more, this is not a new problem or one that has been created by a single government. In our country, low monthly incomes are a norm โ across all states, and as a consequence, wage inequality remains high. Wage growth significantly trails economic growth in the country. The sluggish growth of our GDP has led to a rise in inequality and widened the economic divide between rural and urban India.
The sad part is that Indiaโs unemployed are mostly the higher educated and the young. And those who have jobs are not satisfied enough. If you believe that only a few people at the top are getting huge paychecks, think again. Because data suggest that we arenโt creating too many high-paying jobs either. And even though labor productivity has risen in India, growth in remuneration has remained slow. The sad part is statistic, graphs of unemployment are still the same. The new jobs and opportunities are nothing in front of our population. This problem needs to review and can be to some extent need to be solved through bargaining power.ย Skilling, sometimes, multi-skilling at all levels is the most effective way to fight the wage crisis and the coming job crisis -the crucial designation before talent can be matched with demand. If the skilling exception isnโt corrected, job seekers will end up in the bad job trap. Skills produce productivity, and productivity brings with it higher pay.
The problem is that the business power of workers in India is low and getting more worse. Wage changes are also a result of changes in the way of production. Throughout the last few years, production has become more capital intensive or less dependent on labor in nearly every manufacturing industry in the organized and unorganized sectors. This is true, if to a lesser extent, for agriculture and services as well. While technical know-how and increased use of machinery is a change that needs to be welcomed since it translates to increased productivity, in labor surplus economies like India, the enhanced productivity does not automatically translate to higher wages for employees. Therefore need of the time is to cope up with the desired need of the institutes and became more high tech by learning more digital skills.
Covid19 binds us to our shelters, and study remains restricted to computer screens. In one way or another way, covid19 does impact the life of the people. So to the final year students. Due to covid19 outbreak and lockdown, many students did not receive their job letters those who received them faced delaying joining dates even after getting hired. some students did not get a call back from the employer regarding their status of employment. Along with elders, students were hoping too for things to get back to normal But the second wave of the virus crushed all the hopes of the students. Students will have to set in the new normal of digitization.
Firms have changed their hiring process also from full-time to unpaid or stipend-based internships, to cut costs. Companies are even reducing the number of hiring employees and are also offering comparatively lower compensation packages. Only a few companies have joined so far for placement in the but only with minimal vacancies. besides affecting the health sector, Covid19 has also posed major setbacks for small businesses and itโs going to affect freshers.
Marginal or no placements have hugely affected students. Thereโs a persistent fear of remaining unemployed even after college ends. Sadly, the institutions no longer take the responsibility of getting their students placed and ensuring their economic and financial safety.Also, thereโs a lack of strategy behind planning placement drives.ย Government should interrupt to negotiate between the colleges and companies for the interest of the students..ย The government has to put in extra effort to ensure that unemployment levels among the youth do not increase further. A lot of people lost their jobs during the pandemic. Now, the challenge in front of freshers is to compete with those who are experienced enough but unemployed. Our state should look into this matter and try to create job opportunities for the youth so that the number of unemployed population could be declined.
The discoveries, distributed in peer-surveyed diary Memory, pushes back the past finishes of the normal period of earliest recollections by an entire year. They are introduced in another 21-year study, which followed on from an audit of effectively existing data.When one’s most punctual memory happens, it is a moving objective as opposed to being a solitary static memory, clarifies youth amnesia master and lead creator Dr Carole Peterson.Thus, what numerous individuals give when asked to their soonest memory isn’t a limit or watershed starting, before which there are no recollections. Maybe, there is by all accounts a pool of possible recollections from which the two grown-ups and youngsters sample.And, we accept individuals recall a ton from age two that they don’t understand.
That is for two reasons. To start with, it’s exceptionally simple to get individuals to recollect prior recollections basically by asking them what their most punctual memory is, and afterward asking them for a couple of something else. Then, at that point they begin reviewing significantly prior recollections – at times up to an entire year sooner. It resembles preparing a siphon; when you kick them off its self-prompting.Secondly, we’ve achieved that those early recollections are methodically misdated. Again and again we discover individuals think they were more seasoned than they really were in their initial recollections.”
For over 20 years Dr Peterson has concentrated on memory, with a specific spotlight on the capacity of kids and grown-ups to review their most punctual years.ย This most recent examination audited 10 of her exploration articles on youth amnesia followed by investigations of both distributed and unpublished information gathered in Dr Peterson’s research facility since 1999. It highlighted a sum of 992 members, and recollections of 697 members were then contrasted with the memories of their parents.Overall, it shows that kids’ most punctual recollections precede when they think it occurred, as affirmed by their folks.ย
In a portion of the exploration investigated by Peterson, the proof to move our potential memory clock is “convincing.” For instance, while checking on an examination which talked with kids following two and eight years had passed since their most punctual memory they had the option to review a similar memory, anyway in the resulting interviews gave a later age regarding when they occurred.Eight years after the fact many accepted they were an entire year more established. In this way, the kids, as they age, continue to move how old they thought they were at the hour of those early memories,says Dr Peterson. Furthermore, she accepts that the finding is because of something in memory dating called ‘extending’.
At the point when you take a gander at things that happened quite a while in the past, it resembles glancing through a lens.The more far off a memory is, the extending impact makes you consider it to be nearer. It turns out they push their most punctual memory ahead a year to around three and a half years old. Yet, we found that when the youngster or grown-up is recollecting occasions from age four and up, this doesn’t happen.She says, in the wake of sifting through the entirety of the information, it plainly shows individuals recall much more of their youth and significantly farther back than they might suspect they do, and it’s generally simple to help them access those recollections.
Right to education a right that is just on the paper. The pandemic situation makes access to education more challenging. The expensive fees of institutes, colleges, and tuition teachers along with the cost of digital gadgets. Make it a dream for the unprivileged child. Along with expensive gadgets, the additional cost of the internet is a matter of concern. This all thing make together cost of education very expensive. That is not affordable for all. The Pandemic hit makes our environment full of grief. Many lost their loved ones as well as earning hands. The question is in that situation how an innocent child pays for the education expenses. the answer is simple. The unprivileged child eventually drops out of school. People have to deal with financial pressure and subsequent anxiety. The pandemic has financially impacted the Indian middle and upper-middle class. Also many lost their jobs during the covid19 hit. The savings are diverted towards the needs. The reduction in earnings with the additional monthly cost of electricity, rent, and other bills make education cost impracticable.
Even during this time that certain private colleges are charging mercilessly an expensive amount of fees. This has put enormous pressure on families that sometimes have only one earning member per family. OR those who lost only earning members of the family. They have continued with their regular scheme of fees without issuing even the slightest bit of deduction. Even the government is not supporting the pitty family; Even though government gives the judgment that Colleges should not charge more than the studentsโ tuition fees because they practically have online-only classes. Many students think it is not justified to charge students for the facilities they are no costs such as the library, sports grounds, canteen, etc. Some colleges have given ridiculous explanations about electricity bills, infrastructural cost and maintenance fees. But on the ground private institution didn’t care about this judgment and continue to charge whole fees from the students. The colleges even ruthlessly pressuring the students and the parents to pay the semester fees on time, which would result in serious consequences if not paid. Private colleges are still looking at their profit margin even during a pandemic. The second wave hit more badly than the first wave. half of the population is covid positive. and admitted to the hospital looking for the medicine, oxygen cylinder, and ICU wards. The grief situation as well as the financial expense in the medical treatment. Given the scarcity of beds, private hospitals are charging a huge amount to the patientsโ families. They have no option but to comply. The medical expenses are an additional burden that they have to bear. The bills keep adding and resulted in borrowing .and then never adding a circle of depth began. In such a sad situation how can a student pay his fees?
The students not only have to give compulsory examinations but they also have to pay with the financial expenses. Owing to this expense, students in the middle and lower strata of society are thinking to drop out the college. They are taking up whatever odd jobs they can get with little pay to support their family. Many of them had plans to pursue degrees post-graduation, but they have no option but to give up given the circumstances. In certain families with more than two children, it is becoming an increasing burden for the earning member to keep up with the rising expenses.
Lack of income source, lack of money, and diversion of savings towards basic needs as well as medical expenditures are some of the reasons stated by students facing such a crisis. Even authorities are not assisting the common people. Government is silent on this issue. That’s the reason many students give theatre life as being hopeless by committing suicide. Students want the college to either waive off the fees or provide them with some aid or assistance. The absolute lack of understanding for students has been reflected by these colleges. The mental fatigue and pain caused by this constant pressure are harmful to the well-being of students and parents as well. It is unfair on the part of private colleges to seek their profits during the pandemic situation. Instead of charging such a high amount, they should either waive it off for students going through a financial crisis or charge them just the tuition fee. The students are already facing mental pressure and anxiety. There is a lack of accessibility to online education existing already. Some have had to purchase laptops, good mobile sets, and costly data packs to attend classes. To assume that everyoneโs financial condition will remain unaffected because they belong to a privileged background is wrong and fallacious. Some colleges are giving excuses that they have to pay to there teachers. Therefore they have to ask for money. But it is not convincing enough for the students who have time and again asked for a breakup of the fee structure. The students are helpless at this point. Even after approaching multiple authorities, they have not received a helpful solution. We can help these needy students through our small contribution. We common people should assist those who are in need.
What is this crytocurrency that everybody is talking about? In simple words, it is digital currency in encrypted form. Money transaction is processed and validated through data mining. As of now, using crypto currency is a very complex process. Still, it is becoming popular in recent times worldwide.
Here, money transaction is carried out between two parties only.Hence there is no third party involvement. After validation and processing through data mining,it is kept in public ledgers but the transactions are kept confidential.Once a transaction is validated, miners get this crypto currency as reward.
Litecoin, Bitcoin, Ethereum ,Pipple are some examples of cryptocurrency. Out of this, Bit coin is the most popular crypto currency.
Cryptocurrency works on Block Chain Technology, which is a decentralised technology spread across many computers that manages and records transactions.
There are more than 4000 cryptos worldwide as of now. It’s users are called miners. This virtual currency is exchanged over the internet and uses cryptography as a means of security. There is no central authority to manage this system and it is immune to government interference.It is highly confidential and totally decentralised person to person payment method. All the transactions and accounts can be traced but the owner accounts are usually not easily traceable.
International money transfer can also be done through crypto. As it is becoming popular nowadays, it’s value is getting increased. Some people even use it for investment purposes. A large number of individuals and businesses have started using this. Many online websites also accept virtual currencies as payment.
Bitcoin is a premier crytocurrency created by Satoshi Nakatomo on 31 st October, 2008. It is pseudonomous and is controlled by users called bitcoin miners. These miners use different computer program and resources to solve highly complicated mathematics problems and get a number of bitcoins in exchange. They do this by verifying transactions and adding them to a public ledger called Blockchain. It holds the transaction history of all bitcoins in circulation. These miners keep the network secure and ensure that all systems are synchronized together. Those miners who help to accurately track the transactions and maintain network are rewarded with cryptos.
Ripple or XRP is an open source digital payment platform. Here money can be transferred in actual currency or cryptocurrency. XRP is used as a bridge currency to settle cross border payment in a faster and cheaper manner.
The cryptocurrency has neither been made legal nor banned. In India, they are not in use legally. Experts are advising on shutting down its trading. Likewise, other major countries are thinking of banning cryptocurrencies. So we have to wait and watch if the crypto will become the future of transactions or goes away for good.
Youth is the future of the country. if this statement is true. Then why our country is not able to eradicate the sin of child labor? we encounter the term child labor every time. and take it very casually. That’s the reason it still prevails within our society. we can find children doing work in
Every city, lane, and corner of society. We have been taught since our childhood that child labor is wrong. the future is in the hand of the young fellow who is making their livelihoods in factories, big industries, and local vendors and shops working endlessly.
Why this young fellow has to deprived of their education? why their childhood is stolen from them? why do they bear to do the work from such a young age? While other children are enjoying their childhood.Why some unprivileged kids have to work with heavy machinery and weapons under a huge risk to their health, just to earn a two-figure income to afford a single meal. children have to resort to working and earning, instead of learning. who is responsible for their worst situation? The ones who should be earning are the young and unemployed youth, who are sitting at home without any scope for jobs. who will take responsibility for them? The need of the hour is to provide these children education They are the future of India, and they deserve an education.
Child labor means exploitation of children through any work that deprives them of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and is mentally, physically, socially, or morally harmful. The practice of child labor is a crime ad people employing it people are the biggest criminals of Indian society. Another reason why child labor is wrong is that by making a child work, we are decreasing the quality of our education system and spoiling the innocent life of that child.
These children are suffering in the dark world of mental and physical pressure. by allowing these children to work in our houses and societies, as by employing them we are spoiling their future and career.
child labor is the evil part of society and needs to be eliminated.
By taking the labor of children we are spoiling the life of an innocent child for their cheap labor and our selfish motives. If we want to maintain the quality of the education system, we have to educate children, especially those from rural areas who are deprived of education, basic amenities, and other advancement opportunities.
For the progress of society and our economy, this evil practice needs to be removed. so that our economy will be balanced so flawlessly that there will be no cases of poverty and child labor in the upcoming years. We should not forget that child labor arises from poverty, so we need to eradicate their poverty level through the power of education leading them towards their career goals.
The lack of knowledge and skill leads to child labor. Therefore the need for time is to increase the accessibility of education to everyone. we need to start moe initiatives like mid-day meal. to increase the reach of students to education.
Covid19 expanded the digital divide. And shows the disparities within the society between the rural and urban, rich and poor. Lockdown compelled the shift to the virtual model. some of the students managed to receive an education without any obstacles. but many unprivileged students have been deprived of it. resulted in drop out of college and institutes due to the financial crisis of lockdown. Before the pandemic differences prevail in access to education but corona widened the gap. Rural areas have severe internet connectivity problems but Half of Indiaโs population is living in rural parts of the country.
India is the second-largest populated country in the world. But it is a developing country. to maintain education for all during the lockdown when the schools are shut is quite challenging. the digital divide between the government and private institutes can be witnessed. Virtual learning wasnโt much challenging for private school students. Unlike the students of the government schools, who didnโt have access to the digital equipment. the Unprivileged children can’t afford access to quality internet and gadgets. Thus being deprived of education. The right to education is meaningless in the covid scenario. The government needs to bridge the digital divide to ensure studentsโ education. Some students are ahead of others. As many students drop out of school due to financial problems.
Access to the internet on their mobile phones is a matter of concern as well. The need of the time is to provide digital infrastructure and tools access to unprivileged ones to access online classes. The digital divide has led to incidences of student suicides. many students committed suicide after drop out. Even in urban areas, disparities prevail. those living in slumps and downtrodden areas can’t afford education.
The government needs to focus on technology and extending the vision of digital India.
Those who have access to education face many hurdles such as in assembling notes, in paying attention due to bad network coverage. Getting time to do self-study is also difficult. preparation of online tests is another problem. seeking notes from some of the online sources is also difficult because some websites charge for the subscription which is not possible for everyone. students have to sit in front of the computer screen for many hours and Practical knowledge is not possible during the pandemic because it is hard for the students to perform practical virtually. even for teachers, it is difficult to prepare presentations for the students.
pandemic hit increases our dependence on technology. The focus had always been on practical knowledge and skills. we are being actively tested for our knowledge without any proper structure of assessment. Most importantly, not all teachers are not good at technical stuff to manage classes or material distribution.
. COVID-19 also raised prominent questions about the need, significance, and value of virtual learning platforms. The majority of the students have been affected negatively and therefore the government should come up with such education policies that would benefit all the students. Common people also need to volunteer to lead a hand to needy people.
“Now what?”This question every student encounter in life after completing school. A career plan is the most significant and difficult question of life. Our whole life depends on this small question. Sometimes we choose our path and sometimes our society decides for us.
The question โWhat do I want to do in life?โ is hard to answer.
It is tough for a school student to find their path at such a young age, because of the complicated model of โstreamsโ. Studying science means you are limited to the medical and the engineering line. Studying commerce means being captured in chartered accountancy, banking, and finance and learning humanities imply that I must choose to become a lawyer or journalist.
The problem is the high competition within society The tragic fact is that we can never come back from this model of education, studies, and streams. we don’t have the right to choose subjects that are a combination of different streams. The reason streams are a challenge for us is that they directly affect our careers. Choosing a career is choosing life. As a career is related to financial independence. The question became more significant. every parent expects from there child to pursue a career that has the reputation, high earning prospect, and quite popular in society. Boys, in particular, are supposed to choose a career that can support their families financially one day. Today passion and happiness don’t matter when it comes to a career. The thing that matters for society is the reputation of the career. For society, boys should not go for teaching jobs, fashion designing and cooking are something that society doesn’t consider ideal jobs. some jobs are called โfeminine jobsโ not meant for boys. Like cooking is related to females. Some jobs get undermined like fashion designing is compared to tailoring.
Students’ choices are also impacted badly by the stereotypes and repercussions. and they have to choose paths unwillingly as per society’s concern. Even though we are heading towards an impartial society, such differences prevail in our society. The โpay scaleโ affects the choice of career. Women are still paid less and the gender pay gap continues to widen.
Lack of awareness of new opportunities is a major challenge that school students face. We are not aware of the options beyond the โvisible careersโ. Visible careers are those careers that we see in everyday life, such as doctors, teachers, engineers, journalists, politicians, and businessmen. We lack knowledge about other options we have. There is a world beyond these visible careers: such as being a therapist, an urban planner, a singer, a beautician, a blogger.
so many jobs are available now because of the internet. such jobs can provide a great opportunity to the newcomer. Like social media marketing, a YouTuber, a blogger, a digital marketer. But the problem is students don’t have access to and knowledge of this career.
Your career should be based on your strengths. The best choice of career comes from oneโs passions and hobbies. Your career should inspire you and be the reason for your existence. It is you who can decide your career, not others. and being yourself and the following passion makes you happier.
Covid Pandemic left many Indians unemployed. While unemployment has always been a cause of attention for India. But mandatory experience and training made it more worse and challenging. the lack of practical skills holds us back. The recent unemployment numbers among educated youth show the drawback of Indiaโs faulty education system and the lack of the right learning opportunities for young professionals.
The government of India wanted to create a workforce of skilled professionals but the coronavirus pandemic made the situation drastic and critical. There was a time when a degree could help a person getting a desired job. But with more competition., a degree is not sufficient itself. The biggest issue is practical knowledge with theoretical knowledge. Classroom learning is more focused on theory. When students step into the professional world, they find themselves not capable enough to handle the work because of the drawbacks of our education system. Our country has educated unemployed people. Shows the inadequacies in our education system.
companies want educated fellows with practical skills. That our education system is unable to give. Because it is limited to academics. Youth lack new-age skills that companies need from their employees. With limited online and offline courses for industry-specific training such as engineering, IT, etc., Most young professionals lack confidence while dealing with problems at their workplace. Moreover, since schools, colleges and universities are following the traditional system of education. it acts as a hurdle when professionals come to face real-life circumstances.
Students need to develop new skills. So that student can learn something above education and makes students ready to be professionals. India has the potential to be a preferred destination for global sourcing. Skill development can bring this to reality by instilling more confidence in young professionals. As their skill increases their employability will increase, and ultimately lead to the nationโs financial growth.
The government needs to assist Indiaโs workforce informally trained. With immediate competition, we need to adopt better strategies too. we need to improve standards of education and adopt newer methods. The higher the standards of training and skill development, the better our workforce can be. The country National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) can also contribute to solving the problem by creating more awareness and come up with suitable programs that can help professionals.
Transformation can only come with the government. The education system, industries, and students collectively understand and recognized the significance of skill improvement.
As per the Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (MEITy), social media platforms like Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, and Instagram have to follow the new Guidelines of government failing which can lead to a ban. guidelines were issued in February 2021, and social media platforms had around 3 months to acquire these guidelines. The companies are yet to respond to the Intermediary Guidelines. The decision taken due to the fake headlines do nothing but spread fear among people.
According to the constitution, India is a democracy at least on pen and paper. However, certain powerful people in the Central Government, to strengthen power, are now trying to silence free speech on social media. Free speech is a right granted to all human beings globally. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) recognizes it as a fundamental right. India happens to be one having this right. This means, Indian citizens should have access to this right, and itโs the governmentโs responsibility to see that this right is being protected.
Yet, these powerful individuals within the Central Government, have time and again gone to unbelievable measures to control this right.
. The disappointed young people of today turn to social media to express their objections about everything they found mistaken or unsuitable. Be it a person of any class, culture, community, and religion. everyone turns to the internet. And the only way to check these critics would be by introducing โAgreement Officersโ.That is exactly what the government has done through its intermediary guidelines to check whoโs saying what on the internet.
If this guideline came into being. There exists no mechanism for the common mass to raise their voices. The only time when the masses get to raise their voice is during the elections. But then again, itโs the media that controls the elections these days. Unfortunately, reporting is done in such a way that weโre persuaded in support of a particular political party. This plan, if achieved, will badly affect the very foundation of our democracy.
Criticism makes democracy strong. But these guidelines go against it.
Maybe government believes that criticism isnโt important anymore and hence has concluded that the internet should be controlled. Itโs dishonest of this country to say that other countries are trying to crush free speech.
The government needs to come into a discussion with the social media companies and the common people. But the government didn’t give a single thought to it. It is nothing but censorship in disguise.
Denial of granting protection to a couple who are in a live-in relationship only because it is socially and morally unacceptable. is it justified on the part of Punjab and Haryana High Court? The boy and the girl had been in a living relationship that goes against the girl’s parents will.
The couple asked for protection from the court for their life and liberty after being frightened by their families. Unfortunately, they were denied protection. the denial of their right under Article 21, in this case, is inappropriate. The judgment by the court seizes their identity as per Article 21 as well as the right to โlife or libertyโ.Article 21 declares that every individual has the right to their life or personal liberty. Therefore to secure their right the couple moved before the Punjab and Haryana High Court for the protection under Article 21, which is dismissed by the court on the ground of social and moral unacceptability. while rejecting the petition, the high court interpreted that the term โpersonโ means those who are recognized by law as being capable of having legal rights and being bound by legal duties, not a couple. After getting married, a man and woman are considered capable of having legal rights and duties known as rights in the institution of marriage. But only when the marriage has been done as per their respective marriage laws in force in India.
The denial of the right to life and liberty is completely inappropriate in the law. Since no law in India criminalizes pre-marriage, it would be more like legislation by the judiciary to hold pre-marriage illegal based on social morals. There is no force of law in an opinion that has been embraced by the conservative majoritarian masses of India who find it illegitimate. The decision rendered by the Punjab and Haryana High court erred in ascertaining the aforesaid point. In place of assistance, the couple became the subject of discrimination held by the conservative majoritarian masses.
Asbestos is a natural mineral constituted of soft and flexible fibers that are resistant to heat, electricity, and corrosion. These characteristics make the mineral valuable, but also make its exposure highly toxic. Asbestos removal is indispensable because it causes severe health problems such as cancer. Also some fatal issues, including asbestosis, mesothelioma. The most critical part of it is that some donโt reveal immediately but remain in your system for a longer period, sometimes years later. If high levels of asbestos exist in the house then its inhaling can lead to severe health problems such as mesothelioma, a form of lung cancer that can cause respiratory problems, ranging from a simple cough, allergies, and pneumonia. If you breathe asbestos fibers, this can get trapped in your lungs and can damage your lungs very severely if not removed properly. It may not even be possible to breathe because it will make you cough. The dust is terrible too because it can enter your lungs and get trapped in them. Some cases have shown that asbestos particles can go up to the lungs.
Even if someone does not get lung cancer due to their exposure to it, they will still experience many other health hazards. Direct contact with asbestos materials can easily penetrate your skin or you could suffer from skin irritation. Asbestos is not easily noticeable, but it may be everywhere. A toxin thatโs slowly wreaking havoc on your health. accompanying health problems, it can decrease your property value also. Chances are you could lose a potential buyer if asbestos is not properly removed from your house. Asbestos Poses Environmental Dangers as its materials are not easily separable and fibers are microscopic. its removal requires special equipment. With the smallest cracks or gaps in your walls or floors, you can easily be exposed to high quantities of asbestos. That makes quick treatment of asbestos even more indispensable.
In today’s digital era, competitiveness rise seriously. To be effective as an employee we need practical assistance and training. The practical experience and training not only help us to be productive but helps in magnifying our skills. Every time we learn a new skill it added to our personality development. Now companies are looking for a well-groomed personality. Internships are good means to enhance our knowledge, skills and to learn something effectively and practically. For the right utilization of the spare time, Internships are good means. Also, it is added to our resume and curriculum vitae. which increases the possibilities of selection during the placement. Internship and training are of different varieties. Some are in the workplace and some are work from home. Both means are useful in their way. Through the workplace internship, you can get practical experience and more chances of interaction with new people. Possibly you will find a great mentor in that way for your career guidance. And through work from home, you can save your time and devote it to learning something else. Every year, Government invests a big chunk in the training of the students. Because training increases the productivity of human capital. That will help in the long run students. For professional courses such as business and management. It is advisable to have prior experience. So that you became proficient enough to answer the practical solution of the problems. When you involve in training and internship you learn how to manage the work at the basic level. That will enhance your problem-solving and analytical skills.
Even our finance minister Nirmala Sitaram begin her work being a salesgirl. Ambani the leading and renounced groups come into existence after continuous years of hard work. Most intellectuals and psychologists recommend students to go for the internship because it will increase their knowledge, confidence to face the problem during work. Just as the college experience helps in dealing with the office environment. Similarly, internships help the student to identify the problems that they can deal with during work, with the identification of problem. students can look for the possible solution at the bottom level. Such experience helps students in the long run. So students should look for the internship. A career such as marketing, business, management is something that can be handled only when you exercise them on daily basis. So internship helps you in getting practical knowledge. In addition to it, things like content writing can be learned only by practice. For the practice, you can opt the internship. That will invest your time properly that you can waste here and there in other activities. Especially during summer vacations, you can utilize your time through involving in any internship.
Research shows that those students who indulge in internships are more productive and good at problem-solving than those who are much in academics. Academic knowledge is vital to understand the problem But if you want solutions, you should go for the practical experience that only training and internship can give you. In fact placement cells in the colleges also look for students who have practical experience. During the internship, you will learn some vital skills as well like confidence and body language. Internships and training also make your financial security. Some internship provides stipend also for the work. Also, expertise in work during the internship can lead you to get a permanent job. As some agencies provide regular or permanent jobs to their best employers during the work. Many students receive jobs while doing the internship. Especially look at the intens for hire. Therefore internship and training have a significant place in a student’s life. Even Doctors and Engineers have to go through technical training before beginning their work.
Mental Illness during Pandemic. Covid19 pandemic hit the masses most severely mentally. The trauma from looking for the medicine, hospital beds to dealing with the mass of dead bodies, from being left jobless to mass migration and suffering. These all circumstances severely impacted our mental state. A tremendous number of people have lost their dear ones. And some are fighting for their life. While their loved ones and family are busy in the constant search of medicines and oxygen cylinders. Those who are safe are also suffering from mental illness by looking at their environment. Full of grief, devastation. This time is very hard. And financial crisis makes this problem. So many families especially of the lower class. Left without money and aid. Those who earn daily and labor are struggling a lot. These financial bottlenecks resulted in mental illness. Especially those students who are handling the digital divide. Faces stress and mental illness. All students couldn’t afford online education due to a lack of digital gadgets. That acts as a hindrance to the growth and education of unprivileged students. The cost of academic education and institution creates a financial burden for the students and the family. some can deal with it. But those who couldn’t eventually end up dropping out there college and institute. That leads to mental stress among the students. Recently, the cases of suicide by students increase manifold. That shows how mentally covid have impacted the students. Therefore cases of suicides are reported manifold. Students who are privilege enough. Also facing mental trauma. Online education also created an additional problem, technical glitches, electricity problems, access to devices, are major problems related to online education. That cause mental stress, headache as well as eyesight problems. This problem can be overcome through everyone’s participation. All need to contribute. By providing financial aid to the needy. And by including in the conversation as much as possible with our friends and family in this hard time. Chatting with each other acts as a medicine to cure the ailment of mental stress.
The covid pandemic not only impacted adults but students also. At one place the children lost their childhood and on the other hand, students are concerned about their career, future that seem bleak to them due to covid devastating impact on the economy.
one of the most significant reasons is finance and the need for funds. Students are concerned because the global pandemic has created havoc in the employment sector. This resulted in many job losses in the informal sector. As the country is closed so those earning money daily and business have to suffer. The question of school, college, and tuition fees is another issue. This, in turn, has been magnified in the lives of the students and the youth of the country. The financial crisis within the family has bothered almost the majority of the population, especially the students.
The very first concern is the digital divide. Accessibility of digital gadgets especially among the lower economic classes. Eventually, which means withdrawing from school to some students. Being already distorted by financial emergencies, the necessity of digital devices acts as a hindrance in the way of student learning. leading to many students dropping out from formal courses and institutes. increasingly pitted against the highly competitive labor market with most being trapped in the vicious cycle of underpaid labor or disguised unemployment.
The government too is not in a position to solve this problem of digital devices because of treatment and aid expenses.
this economic crisis has an unfortunate effect on the mind of the students. The financial dependence on the family, often severe, mostly reduces them as isolated victims. It also hinders the access to academic opportunities of the student. . Many family members getting affected and the huge expense occurs on treatment, amidst the acute scarcity of oxygen cylinders and other medical pieces of equipment.
The students are facing the problem of academic costs at the same time when a lump sum amount is required for admission failing which the seat might get canceled.
Further, the debt trap will lead to a greater burden in the future for repayment with interest, leading to more psychological suffering. The hostility between maintaining academic costs as well as fending for health expenditure has had severe effects on the young minds, putting their future and aspirations at stake. In this situation, a and well-planned approach is needed to address the issue of financial crisis which can be aided by the government.
The Year 2021, this year seems like giant waves of oceans going down and down. Our country gets badly downtrodden due to the social, political, and economic issues that continue to prevail, due to an invisible enemy in the form of the deadly virus.
This virus shows no mercy to anyone doesn’t matter which class, culture, and religion person belongs to; it spares no one. As the cases went up, so did the false WhatsApp forwards, chaos, panic-buying, and fear among people. The increased cases and dilemma is frightful people. As people taking hurt over their mental health, too.
From the news of unknown viruses to fearing even a slight increase in body temperature, to look for medicines and oxygen cylinders, people have experienced it all. In the beginning. To โdeal with a spontaneous and devastating situation the Indian government announced an out-and-out 40-day lockdown. Everything came to a standstillโexcept divisive journalism and discrimination.
While most people donโt have the privilege and luxury to stay home, quarantine isnโt a blessing for many. it lead rise in mental illness since the coronavirus outbreak. The level of stress and anxiety has heightened.
The apprehension about job security, draining of savings, or unavailability of basic things for survival, ambiguity. People who were already suffering from mental illnesses looked upon engaging themselves in outdoor activities and meeting their dear ones as the only coping mechanism. Now they have no option but to dive into the same misery they were battling. along with that crimes such as theft, murder, extortion, molestation, etc., are increasing at an unpredicted rate
COVID-19 is just not another death-dealing health hazard. It has more profound implications that society would have to bear post lockdown too.
The radio, newspaper, and TV. All are mediums of communication. They all were invented to enlighten human beings. Every creation has its purpose So they have. It’s true that for daily information we depend on this medium but does this products assisting us. Or it’s just deception. The reality is they are a tool in hands of cooperation to earn profit. And increase their business. Providing information is just a business. we get only that much information that cooperates giants want. As half of the media is dominated by politicians and giant cooperates. That influences their credibility. Hard to believe but this is a bitter truth. this invention acts like a tool in those hand who have money. consumerism is created intentionally through media in the form of advertisement. Advertisement creates a desire in human beings. This desire resulted in more consumption thus adding profit to the big giants. That shows how people are betrayed. Today content is created in such a way that doesn’t make a person intellectual. But merely a passive consumer. In this gamble and deception, along with corporate giants, politicians are also involved. They use the mediums to propagate their message. Thus people consider the propagated message as truth. Start believing it and thus there ideology and perspective got to change. These tactics can be a hindrance to the democracy and sovereignty of the country. The enlightenment that media promise somehow vanishes because of the huge enrollment of money. People themself need to enlighten. By becoming the active audience by actively analyzing, understanding every message. We can be saved from this mass deception through the mass medium. Just we need to be vigilant in our approach whenever we encounter a media product. we need to understand the hidden motive behind that content. We need to know who is the creator of the content. And what purpose the content fulfills for the creator. Thus content by media or medium of communication needs to be observed. To better understand them. To save ourselves from enlightenment as mass deception.
Recently our Union minister Prakash Javadekar said in the Lok Sabha, โNo child was deprived of online education during the pandemic as the government had taken several steps in that direction.โ Such a statement is nothing but a mere lie when we encounter reality.
A majority of Indian school students do not have the means or privilege for online education. Some face network and technical glitches. Some face electricity problem. The non-availability of gadgets is another problem. Accessible and compulsory education has always been a challenge in India. Right to education is something that is written merely on paper not exist in the real world. The pandemic broadened the pre-existing gap making online education a commodity of sheer privilege. During the lockdown, thousands of students have suffered due to the digital divide. Taking the example of the Indian state with the highest literacy rate, Kerala witnessed numerous cases where students took away their lives due to a lack of accessibility to digital tools. sometimes Internet accessibility act as a hindrance.
the obvious failure of the system and concerned authorities witnessed from the devastating act of suicide by the students. Not just that; for powering devices, access to electricity is crucial for digital education. Some states such as Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have a severe problem with electricity.
In the rural area, the houses received electricity for less than 12 hours a day. most of Indiaโs population lives in villages where only 15% of rural households have access to internet services. Whereas in urban areas, itโs 42%. Moreover, India witnessed a spike in unemployment during the lockdown affecting the livelihood of millions.
Especially compulsion of electronic gadgets for online education became a severe problem as in rural areas subsistence is very difficult. Not every rural person could afford expensive gadgets. In most households with a meager income, eating three meals a day was not guaranteed, purchasing costly internet plans or devices cost them a fortune. From mortgaging assets to cutting off on essential household expenses, families have done it all to make online education a possibility when the government schemes failed to reach the neediest.
Although several NGOs, social groups, and individuals rose to link this digital gap by sponsoring smartphones and laptops, the negligence by the authorities canโt be overlooked. An ordinary Indian citizen expects its government is to at least acknowledge the problem. After all, how will one solve the problem if one does not acknowledge it!
we are living in a feudal society, but still, nepotism permeates everyone. however, the film industry is trapped in nepotism. Nepotism can be defined as an act of using power or position in an unethical manner to get the dear ones in the same field. It not only exists in business but also in the Bollywood industry. this topic has been raised many times in the Bollywood industry and unfortunately having a negative impact rather than a positive impact on the lives of celebrities. Before the incident of Sushant Singh Rajput, this topic was not discussed seriously. But after his death, Bollywood was trapped in nepotism and many celebrities were interrogated. many celebrities talked about nepotism openly. Some talked positively and some in a negative manner. Kangana Ranaut came into the industry in 2006 with the movie Gangster. She was the one to raise this topic negatively as she labelled filmmaker Karan Johar as the flag bearer of nepotism in the show Koffee with Karan. Due to this, she gained prominence. She also called Tapsee Panu and Swara Bhaser outsider. After Sushant Singh Rajput death many actors were trolled and questioned on nepotism . Because of this, many celebrities also lost fan following. We often say that some star kids are excellent actors and done their work very well. But we said some not all because some star kids don’t take their work seriously and due to the lack of seriousness films get flopped. Nothing is wrong with exercising power based on one’s family background/star kids, but at least chance should be given to the newcomers or outsiders and even to those who don’t have any connections or godfather in Bollywood. So, they can make their names and show their talent to the public.
Today in this consumerist world, the actual meaning and definition of happiness got changed. Earlier the happiness lies within the relations between the people. But growing industrialization and materialistic nature. Change the meaning of happiness for common people. today’s happiness is not the smile of the people. But the luxury became the source of joy and happiness. Social media and the internet managed to make human beings individualistic. Relation and ties among the masses are just a matter of messages. The real happiness now lies in materials and luxuries. Humans want more and more. The never-ending demand and grief of the human have wiped the concept of the real happiness. It changed its meaning. It alters its values. The early tradition, rituals, and get together don’t matter anymore. Today rituals are just a matter of fun. People don’t believe in meeting with each other. Humans today happy in the isolation. With all the materialistic objects and comfort. But if material and luxury are not happiness. Then what is happiness? It is something that we get after seeing someone happy. It is something we get after helping someone else. By looking after anyone else than yourself. It means keeping aside the greed and doing generous work. It means sidelining your sorrow, ego for someone else happiness. The sad fact is that today humans do not look after happiness. Now the happiness doesn’t matter to humans. Human is lost somewhere in the consumerist world. And so human happiness also lost. The need of the time is to look for the real happiness. To realize that real happiness comes when you do something for someone else. Materialistic things can give you comfort and luxurious life. But it can’t give you that warmth that happiness that feeling that a real human being can give you. Human being need to understand his/her role as a human And need to look after other people to there dearest one. So that along with happiness ,humanity can be saved.
In these industrial times, all the companies want to bait their customers, in fact for a much longer time than just one visit or purchase. This leads to continuous, relentless competition in the markets for the purpose of bagging more and more loyal customers. This is where the use of a Sales Funnel enters the talk. But is it possible to keep your customers devoted to your product without a well-designed, blockage-free funnel? The answer is โnoโ. A sales funnel signifies the path which is taken by a customer from being just an explorer of your product to being a loyal customer for a long time. Through this article, we will go into depths of a customerโs psychology and get some insights on how to design a โbuyer centric-funnelโ.
The requirement of an effective method for better sales of a companyโs product cannot be dismissed, keeping in view of the increase in a feud for loyal customers in the market. Also, with the coming up of e-commerce sites, grabbing a customerโs attention will be the predominant field to work upon, for the sellers.
Awareness- This is the key point that should be kept in mind while designing the funnel. Awareness does most of the work when it comes to putting the customer in a phase of scrutiny. To start with, we need to put forward a problem in front of the customer and provide a promising solution for the latter to build up the curiosity. At this stage, we wouldnโt mention our product to the customer.
Consideration- Here, we need our customer to get so intimate with the product that he/she starts knowing about it like the back of his/her hand. We need to give out demos, free trials, triggers and customer stories to the customer to build up their trust in our firm because, to sell to a customer, you have to barge into the thought process of a customer.
Purchase- Now you have to sell the product to your buyer and assure your product stands out from the products of all your competitors.
Get into your buyerโs head- Thatโs where the whole concept of โUnderstanding the buyerโs psychologyโ comes in. We need to ask ourselves questions like โWhat inspires them to buy our product?โ, โHow can our product be a solution to their problems?โ, โHow can we redesign our product to fit their needs?โ and work on the answers to these questions.
Slogans- Through close study, we come to a conclusion that firms with good slogans are doing better off in the market. The slogans and advertisements of these firms draw customers by getting stuck inside their brains.
Quality Maintenance- The quality of your product and extended benefits to loyal customers also gives your firm a new standing among the competitors. We also need to carefully appraise the field where our product fails to deliver and redesign it with wit.
Flipping the Sales Funnel refers to the process of retaining the loyal customers of the firm to gain new customers. Some firms in the market tend to forget its old customers in search of a bigger reach and new customers which lead to the degradation of the firmโs reputation in the market.
To gain ground, we need to build new customers on top of the old ones which can be done by referrals of the consumers to one another. Referral and reputation go and hand in hand. In fact, referrals are the leading intermediary stage for building a good reputation for the firm. According to a survey, 92% of people trust referrals from people they know.
We also need to adapt to the new rules of the market and focus more on redesigning products according to the wants of our targets for our technique to be successful. Rewarding the everlasting customers will be a plus point to this.
The design of a proper sales funnel is the most crucial part for the firm and should be done with patience and sheer determination through proper study and fact consideration, for the firm to leave its mark in this market race.
“The best sales questions have your expertise wrapped into them.”
President Joe Biden has baited office in a country looking prominently different than it did on his forefather’s inauguration Day.Covid19 has killed more than 4,00,000 Americans, with a big part of socio-economic toll impute to federal Mismanagement, The US has also renounced its role as leader of the free world, squabbled with democratic allies while keeping authority populist’s everywhere, snicker at its post-truth misadventures. This month’s attack on the capital represented the domestic broadcast has poisoned the polity. In the short, the new administration has its work cut out invent correctives at multiple levels. It is a mighty challenge. But democracy is hypothetical on elections making a difference.
The promise of a new dawn is both powerful and credible. The diversity, temperance, and experience of the incoming cabinet strongly suggest that they have a good measure of the problems at hand, and the ambition to attempt solutions one clear aspirational target is 100 million doses of covid19 vaccines n the first 100 days. Then, Janet L Yellen, who will be the new treasury secretary and America’s top economic diplomat, has verbalized as priorities both addressing the economic damage of the pandemic at home and repairing relationships with various allies abroad to take on china’s (illegal, unfair and abusive practices) collectively. After the vain of institutions and Clutter or flailing seen in the Trump years, it will indeed take solid international cooperation to revitalize the global rules-based order. The incoming secretary of state Antony Blinking has shown a welcome so be saying,(We’ll engage the world, not as it was, but as it is)Pragmatically speaking, rebukes on human rights issues for India may be part and parcel of Washington’ liberal festival alongside the many Indian and American in the Biden Team.
Aducanumab, a new drug for Alzheimer’s disease and brought over for approval. FDA approved a drug for Alzheimer’s disease. There are millions ofย people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease globally. Of them, about 1/4th million are in the US, where the drug has been approved for usage. The approval came within the medical circles over the procedures in recommending its use for the debilitating disease.
Aducanumab, new medication for Alzheimer’s sickness and line over approval. The FDA supported a medication for Alzheimer’s infection. This choice of the FDA has gotten questionable with specialists saying that clinical preliminaries of the medication had returned unsatisfactory.There are more millions of individuals experiencing Alzheimer’s sickness all around the world. Of them, around 1/4th million are in the US, where the medication has been supported for usage.Developed by Biogen, the medication named Aducanumab is said to hinder the movement of Alzheimer’s sickness that influences the working of the cerebrum. The endorsement came following a very long time of discussion inside the clinical circles over the strategies in suggesting its utilization for the incapacitating infection.
Alzheimer’s sickness is the most widely recognized type of dementia and contributes to 70 %of the cases. As indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO), it is a disorder wherein there is disintegration in memory, thinking, conduct and the capacity to perform regular activities.Dementia is one of the significant reasons for handicap and conditions among more seasoned individuals around the world. The sickness has a physical, mental, social, and financial effect not just on individuals who are experiencing it yet in addition on close families.The illness, arranged in three phases, is related to indications like absent mindedness, forgetting about time, having expanding trouble with correspondence, trouble in perceiving faces and encountering conduct changes that may heighten and incorporate hostility.
Aducanumab, which will be sold under the brand name of Aduhelm, is a monoclonal immune response that lessens amyloid-beta, which is a protein that prompts plaque development in the mind. Plaque arrangement occurs because of the aggregation of flotsam and jetsam in the cerebrum from neuron breakdown. The medication works to moderate the crumbling interaction of the cerebrum by decreasing this plaque development. Nonetheless, there is no proof to help that the medication will help in memory recovery.
While Aducanumab has been endorsed by FDA, there has been a significant debate over the clinical preliminaries directed to test the medication. The endorsement depended on two stage 3 preliminaries. While the first showed some improvement in quite a while, the second neglected to show any benefit.During the clinical preliminaries of the medication, 40% of the stage 3 preliminary members, who got a higher measurement of Aducanumab, experienced cerebrum expanding or dying. As indicated by reports, most were either asymptomatic or had migraines, dizziness or sickness. Nonetheless, no stage 3 member passed on because of the medication trial.The endorsement is a takeoff from the FDA’s set up measure that requires two persuading concentrates before a medication is utilized. Researchers are stressed that the choice could settle for less needed for getting a clinical item supported. The FDA has now requested that Biogen direct another clinical preliminary.
Amongst covid-19 pandemic, 2021 budget has potential to increase women labor force participation up to 2 percent this year.
Nirmala Sitaraman, Minister of finance, the government of
India shared that budget 2021 has the potential to increase the employment of
women. COVID-19 pandemic had disproportionately impacted women
forcing them to drop out of the workforce. The women labor force participation according to the center comes down from 25 percent to 21 percent, due to job loss by women. Inurban India only 12 out of every 100 still employed are women, a shocking
statistic, down from the already low 18. No doubt the covid 19 pandemics have resulted in many challenges such as pay disparities and expensive child care is an economic downturn that hit women workers measurably harder than men. Whenever the economy shrinks people lose jobs, then look for another job but women arenโt sitting it out so much as being pushed out by disproportionate job loss,
lack of child care, pay disparities, and lack of public policy to support working women. women with children are much more likely to report that working from home has hurt their productivity and affected their careers .there are three drivers of increased women labor force participation 1.Jobs that exist in locations where the woman has family support.2) Contemporary and new skilling (like digital marketing, for instance) that allows for marketability3) A government mandate that enables small businesses to be rewarded for hiring more women. The allowance of women to work in all shifts is a move towards reducing the gender divide brought in by COVID-19. This will help industries such as IT and BPO in Special Economic Zone’s, manufacturing companies in sectors such as Textiles, Pharma- as well as large organizations with a national presence. The textile industry, one of India’s ancient industries that employ the largest numbers of women has received a big stimulus with the announcement of seven Textile Parks. The third aspect which would allow small businesses to be rewarded for hiring women has not seen any pull in any of the budgets presented in the few last years. Large organizations in metropolitan cities have already bought the business case for both genders that led to women’s employment being enhanced. It is the 2 and 3 level metropolitan citiesand towns that need the influence of involvement. And this is where there is alarge population of women – educated, career-seeking, and yet unable to earn
reasonable money due to the non-availability of jobs matching their aspirations. As per data, young women in the age group of 20-24 across urban locales, are more interested in being employed than similar-aged women in rural India. As such, this is a very important talent pool, waiting to be engaged. The BPO and micro-enterprises in these locations will require a stimulus to engage women more proactively. Had the budget addressed this, by providing a bit small, yet encouraging a sum of money to employers of women, India would have seen a jump in women’s job creation to almost double-digit increases, which will have a multiplier effect on the economy.
Identifiable living individual and includes names, email Ids, ID card numbers, physical and IP addresses. Data is the large collection of information that is stored in a computer or on a network. Data is collected and handled by entities called data fiduciaries. The processing of this data has become an important source of profits for big corporations. Companies, governments, and political parties find it valuable because they can use it to find the most convincing ways to advertise online. The physical attributes of data where data is stored, where it is sent, where it is turned into something useful are called data flows.
WhatsAppโs decision to delay the update of its privacy policy, following a backlash from its users, is an implicit acknowledgement of the increasing role played by perceptions about privacy in the continued well-being of a popular service. Problems for the Facebook-owned app started earlier this January when it announced an update to its terms of service and privacy policy, according to which users would no longer be able to opt out of sharing data with Facebook.
February 8 was kept as the deadline for the new terms to be accepted. This triggered a mass withdrawal from WhatsApp, the likes of which it has never encountered, not even in the aftermath of the Cambridge Analytical scandal, which did bring a lot of bad press to its parent, or when the messaging appโs co-founders called it quits a few years ago. The WhatsApp policy update has clearly spooked many users, who, concerned about their privacy getting compromised, have shifted to alternative platforms such as Signal and Telegram. WhatsApp has asked for data which contains your account information such as Phone number, the name attached to the account, the profile photo you currently have for WhatsApp, the device you are using, the time when you have been online, all your contacts, all group names of which you are a part of, the device type, the IP address, device build number, device manufacturer, details of the web/desktop version and the platform which is used for WhatsApp Web, your Status.
It also has the exact time when you set the current profile photo and the current status message. The list includes all contacts with whom you would have chatted on WhatsApp, and only the mobile phone numbers are mentioned. It also has your settings for the app, including the privacy settings for Last Seen, Profile Photo, About Privacy
and Status Privacy. It also includes a list of the all numbers you have blocked and whether you have Read Receipt on or off. The issue has once again raised questions about what constitutes legitimate uses of data and how businesses, governments and political parties can and cannot use data .A White Paper produced by a government-appointed committee, headed by retired judge B.N. Srikrishna , which is formulating a national data protection law for India and its people to safeguard there interest.
Media, the fourth pillar of democracy act like a puppet in front of politicians lately. With many toolkits, cases highlight. Excessive paid news reporting during Election. Exhibits how media is governed by political parties. Today massive advertisement by the political parties shows the nexus between media and political parties. Showcase their close economic connections. Media also alleged for running agenda and propaganda for their allied politician during elections. Which hampered the credibility of the media. Many journalists appear to favor their alleged political parties openly in their text, report, and debate. Even the questions asked in interviews are biased one sustaining only one side or party. Its been observed during elections, this funding increase manifold. To dominate media investment partnership, toolkit, gifts, privileges are some tactics that political parties used without coming into suspicion. Such malpractice is performed by political parties to bribe the Media. To use it as a weapon during election campaigns. witnessed in the way media seems divided in their message. They showcase only the positive side of their party, their positive work shaping the idea and ideology of the common people. Media runs agenda and propaganda to deviate audience from the basic problem of the society and shift towards the direction their funders want. media propagates only those messages there supportive parties want. Maximum paid news reports are linked with political parties. Many politician leaders names are highlighted and summoned by the election campaign. But lack of proof and unwillingness lead to no fruitful result. And no severe action was taken place. Now media listen and write only what there investor wants. The incomplete, partial and biased information shared by the news channel became a hindrance for the sovereignty of the country. Severe actions and identification of the political parties became the necessity of time. the large number of manipulation on the part of the media shows that it has lost the credibility and trust that people have in them prior. Passive audience are consuming the biased or manufactured message that can hamper the autonomy and sovereignty of the country.ย Nowadays, Beside politicians many private institutions and cooperate giants seem to invest their large chunks in the media .For example, Mukesh Ambani, his family and friends owned INXย Media recently. That show media became a puppet now.
The Perseverance meander-er trundling the outside of Mars started its most basic mission stage โ searching for old microbial life. This period of the mission started on June 1, the Joint Propulsion Laboratory said in an articulation as the meander-er left the “Octavia E. Head servant” landing site. During the initial not many long stretches of the science activities stage, the meander-er will drive up to a low-lying beautiful ignore in the Jazero pit, from where it will study probably the most established topographical highlights utilizing its auto-route and examining frameworks. “The objective is to discover four spots to gather tests,” JPL said. Over the course of the following a while, Perseverance will investigate a four sq km fix of the cavity floor, from where it will gather soil tests to be gotten back to Earth in future missions. “We are putting the wanderer’s charging stage just as the arrival site in our rear view mirror and taking off,” said Jennifer Trosper, Perseverance project supervisor.
With the coming of top notch telescopes in the nineteenth century, stargazers started exploring the geographic highlights of the planet. The especially creative Giovanni Schiaparelli deciphered Mars vistas as mainlands confused by trenches. While he might not have envisioned water-filled waterways ascribed to clever plans, others unquestionably decorated his dreams. A plenty of brilliant Martian sci-fi followed. The legend of water waterways on Mars was supported by American space expert Percival Lowell’s perceptions and distributions of the mid twentieth century. The fancies of Earth-based perception combined with air choppiness would ceaselessly develop the channel fantasy until the effective Mars flyby of Mariner 4 of every 1965. It caught grainy pictures showing what seemed, by all accounts, to be a cratered planet as dead as Earth’s moon. Then, at that point, in 1971, Mariner 9 effectively entered Mars’ circle and sent tempting pictures of gullies conceivably cut by water, this time supported by “short proximity” cutting edge photography.
The SUV-sized wanderer is the most progressive lab on wheels to have arrived on Mars somewhat recently. The science objective of the mission remembers reading the Jezero locale for requests to comprehend the geography and past livability of the climate nearby and to look for indications of antiquated infinitesimal life. During the science stage, the wanderer will likewise step through estimations and examination advancements to help future human and mechanical investigations. JPL has planned the course that the meander-er will take to arrive at its new objective, alongside discretionary side roads and marked spaces of interest and expected hindrances. Scaled down automated labs on Mars lander can’t coordinate with the ability, accuracy and itemized examination of natural eyes and instruments in Earth-based labs. While the Perseverance meander-er will have cutting edge, locally available lab instruments, it will store tests to be gotten back to Earth on a future automated mission. Indeed, even before we take that Mars test gold mine back to Earth, we as of now have bits of Mars to concentrate in Earth labs. Throughout geologic time, Mars sway trash has been impacted into space toward Earth’s circle. Of the assessed 60,000 shooting stars that have been found on Earth, more than 100 of these have been controlled by isotopic mark to have begun on Mars.
The examination zeroed in on carbonate that had framed in basalt from the early stage hull of Mars. The carbonate evidently conformed to 4 billion years prior, when Mars had surface water, higher barometric pressing factor and higher temperatures. They tracked down some little cylinder like constructions, in the size scope of Earth nano-bacteria at just 200 manometers of maximum. They found poly cyclic fragrant hydrocarbons that could be related with life. They discovered strings of magnetite related with a portion of the cylinder like designs. This is like some advanced microbes. Every one of these bits of proof taken alone isn’t persuading, yet taken together, the chance, as detailed by McKay and his co-creators, could be conceivable. Over 20 years after the fact, the discussion proceeds.
Whether alligators have evolved from crocodiles? Is it true or not?
The distinctions are little, and not something you could without much of a stretch spot in nature. In any case, the finding may give experiences into the manners by which the two reptiles move. The examination was distributed a week ago in the diary Royal Society Open Science. The most clear approach to observe the two reptiles is to gaze intently at their evil noses. Gators have U-molded countenances that are wide and short, while crocodiles have slim practically V-formed gags. Furthermore, in case you’re adequately courageous, look at their chompers. At the point when a crocodile shuts its mouth, you will in general see just its upper teeth. Crocodiles then again streak an excited smile with their top and base teeth joining.ย
A considerable lot of the contrasts between the two are placed on their heads and mouths. Presently, scientists from Japan have distinguished what they accept to be another element that separates the reptiles: Alligators will in general have more limited humerus bones in their forelimbs and more limited femurs in their rear appendages than crocodiles, the group detailed a week ago.
This could help to clarify contrasts in their environment and velocity, including the unusual certainty that, while little crocodiles have been seen to bound and jog, gators have not. Julia Molnar said the appendage contrasts can influence things like speed and influence in the creatures.
The figure represents the skeletal structure of the crocodile.
The figure represents the skeletal structure of the alligator.
Despite the fact that they look astoundingly comparative, gators and crocodiles veered developmentally during the Late Cretaceous time. The two reptiles additionally endure the mass eradication occasion that cleared out the dinosaurs, and from that point forward have remained moderately unaltered. That incorporates the distinctions found in their appendage extents. Crocodiles would in general have longer humerus bones and femur bones than gators. That recommends that the muscles connected to those bones broadened farther on crocodiles than on gators. The newfound contrast isn’t close to as evident as the distinctions found in the reptiles’ noses.
Philip Hall, the University of Florida specialist examining if the island’s crocodiles had a place with two distinct species, kicked the bucket before he could complete his work. Presently, scientists have wrapped up the work that Hall started and their new investigation shows that he was right.But the huge island north of Australia is isolated by a mountain range, making unmistakable territories in the north and south. The analysts considered how extraordinary the crocodiles may be in these conditions.ย Philip Hall truly gave the fascinating benchmark work on these crocodiles, particularly for natural information. “Our work adds to this with extra morphological knowledge into how particular these two types of crocodiles.They broke down 51 skulls having a place with the New Guinea Crocodile to search for contrasts between ones that lived in the north of the island versus the south. They contemplated examples from seven diverse exhibition hall assortments. A large number of the skulls were 90 years of age. What’s more, the crocodiles they had a place with could arrive at ten feet long.
How has the unpriviliged community in India fared within the last few decades? Has their scenario changed?
There square measure actually several changes that one might observe within the last twenty years. Access to food grains from the general public distribution system at a supported rate has improved; several villages are electrified; a lot of youngsters are attending primary colleges in villages and concrete slums; bathrooms are made in many villages; several currently use mobile phones.
But has there been any important modification within the financial gain of little and marginal farmers among Adivasis and Dalits?
This is in all probability a a lot of complicated question to answer. after we started our journey as development practitioners twenty years past, we have a tendency to had to conduct a village study.
The average financial gain of Adivasi households in an exceedingly village of Biharโs Lohardaga district (now Jharkhand) was around Rs 15,000 in 1996. This matched with the findings of comparable such studies in different areas of the Central Indian Plateau (CIP) conducted by our peers throughout a similar time.
Similar studies by development practitioners show that across the CIP, the common financial gain of little associated marginal households in an Adivasi space was Rs 55,000-60,000 in 2020 โ a rise of just about fourfold from 1996.
The financial gain of those individuals failed to modification abundant within the last twenty years, if we have a tendency to take under consideration the rate. The Net present value (NPV) of Rs 15,000 in 1996 was around Rs 67,000 within the year 2019.
Rising inequality
The scenario changing at the national level?
Indiaโs per capita gross domestic product (GDP) multiplied 5 times between 2000 and 2019; to $2014 in 2019 from $443 in 2000.
This doesnโt mean that financial gain of the complete population has multiplied. The highest one per cent in India attained twenty one per cent of total countryโs financial gain in 2019. This was eleven per cent in 1990.
The top ten per cent attained fifty six per cent of the countryโs total financial gain in 2019; rock bottom ten per cent attained solely 3.5 per cent.
Wealth distribution tells an analogous story. The richest ten per cent Indians closely-held 80.7 per cent of wealth in 2019.
The Gini (inequality in financial gain distribution) constant points to associate increasing difference in Republic of India. The constant in 2014 was 34.4 per cent (100 per cent indicates full difference and zero per cent full equality).
The constant multiplied to 35.7 per cent in 2011 and to 47.9 per cent in 2018. India is just second to Russia within the world in terms of difference.
Agricultural work is one of the most common way to sustenance in villages. A complete of 26.3 crores households are concerned in farming activities in India, per the most recent census knowledge for 2011.
Of this, only 11.9 crore folks are land-owning farmers; 14.4 large integer are landless staff and peasants. A minimum of 86.2 per cent of all farmers in India own simply 47.3 per cent of the crop area, per the agriculture census knowledge 2015-16.
During 2010-11 and 2015-16, the proportion of tiny and marginal farmers grew to 86.2 per cent from 84.9 per cent, whereas the overall range of operational holdings grew to 146 million from 138 million.
There are 126 million tiny and marginal farmers, that points to fragmentation of lands which a lot of medium farmers have become tiny and marginal farmers. These farmers along in hand concerning 74.4 million hectares of land โ or a mean holding size of simply 0.6 hectares every.
Between 2010-11 and 2015-16, the amount of tiny and marginal farmers rose by concerning nine million, per agriculture census 2015-16.
Per capita land holding of rock bottom sixty seven per cent marginal farmers reduced to 0.38 hectares from 0.4 hectares within the last 20 years. The world isn’t enough for farmers to grow food for even six months.
Nearly 17 per cent smallholders have a mean land holding of 0.4 angular distance โ a discount of 1.42 angular distance in 2000. The typical holding of scheduled tribe marginal farmers is 0.48 ha; for scheduled Caste, it’s solely 0.37 ha.
The country has another 3.76 crore households of landless laborer within the same time.
Pandemic made it worse
French economic expert Thomas Piketty, in his book Capital in the 21st Century, came up with a straightforward plan to elucidate difference in terms of wealth distribution takes place in associate degree economy.
He believes, once the come back on investments (r) is over the speed of economic process (g) of the country, a lot of wealth gets accumulated within the hands of a couple of (who own the suggests that of production) as compared to the busy category.
Piketty showed that the typical rate of come back on investment was 5 per cent throughout history. He finished that any rate below five per cent can cause a lot of difference as a lot of wealth are going to be generated for a couple of investors as compared to people who don’t own any suggests that of production.
Whether Pikettyโs findings, largely supported Europe and also the u. s., are applicable for countries like India where economic history and pathways are totally different, is debatable.
However, a thirty five per cent increase within the web value of the billionaires in India throughout the novel coronavirus malady (COVID-19) pandemic, once Indiaโs growth was negative ten per cent, could force US to assume if Piketty was right.
The approach ahead
Indiaโs economic process has caught up considerably. This can be the time once states ought to invest: cash must move into the hands of the marginalized.
States earn cash through taxation. Increasing tax on the rich folks is that the obvious resolution. Piketty additionally projected the same live to cut back difference. The next rate of tax for billionaires are often the simplest way to get a lot of revenue for the state.
In any case, withdrawal of Central Public Sector Undertakings associate and public sector banks canโt be a permanent resolution in an economy where difference is rising sharply.
There is a desire to trace what’s happening within the economic condition pockets of India. A periodic study could facilitate policy manufacturers to believe the problem a lot of seriously and are available up with higher ideas to cut back inequalities.
“A worldwide temperature alteration sets stage for perilous downpours !”
The Indian storm is probably going to get significantly more perilous and wetter as an unnatural weather change adjusts the framework, new examination says. India has seen an adjustment of rainstorm design throughout the years as environment interruptions negatively affect the framework in the subcontinent. The exploration distributed in the diary Science Advances expressed that researchers dissected changes in the previous million years to reason that rainstorms are set for the more terrible. “We track down that the projected rainstorm reaction to continuous ice soften and rising carbon dioxide levels is completely steady with elements of the past 0.9 million years,” the exploration paper said. The group of analysts investigated mud tests recuperated from the Bay of Bengal to arrive at the resolution. The group bored 200 m long center examples during a two-month research visit on a changed over oil-penetrating boat, the JOIDES Resolution. The examples gave a top to bottom investigation of storm precipitation. Researchers investigated the fossils of tiny fish implanted in the example that had kicked the bucket more than many years as rainstorm downpours put more freshwater into the narrows, diminishing the saltiness at the surface.
Examining the examples, specialists tracked down that the high precipitation and low saltiness came following a time of high carbon dioxide focus in the air and falling ice volumes. “We can check in the course of recent years that the increase in carbon dioxide in the environment has been trailed by generous expansions in precipitation in the South Asian rainstorm framework. The expectations of the environment models are magnificently predictable with what we find in the previous million years,” Clemens was cited as saying by New York Times. The Indian rainstorm, which is one of the superb reasons for floods in a few pieces of the nations as streams get immersed from extreme precipitation, could arise as a significant concern for individuals as the danger of perilous season develops.
ย The storm is additionally key in farming that is subject to occasional downpours for irrigation.Meanwhile, the Indian Meteorological Department said that the Southwest Monsoon has covered the upper east district, almost four days after its typical date. The Southwest Monsoon made a beginning over Kerala, which denotes the start of the four-month precipitation season, on June 3 following a deferral of two days. The framework has effectively covered Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu and parts of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana since its appearance only days prior. In any case, the climate body has anticipated that the storm is required to be typical this season just as in June, a month basic for planting.
The route ahead is to regard the weakness of the locale. It can’t be anyone’s conflict that the Himalayan district should not see improvement. The inquiry to consider is the way it ought to be created: By building streets and hydro-power projects, or through nearby economies dependent on the travel industry, which don’t neutralize nature. It is likewise a reality that the changing storm example will expect us to enhance the utilization of each drop and not permit downpours to become crushing floods. Really at that time will the Himalayan misfortune not be rehashed.ย
Indians realize that the storm is the genuine account priest of India. Plainly the chance is to ensure that each drop of this downpour is collected and utilized in the drawn out dry season. Yet, this downpour will show up in more fierce occasions – which additionally implies that the designing to catch it the nation over should be better. We should get ready for seepage with the goal that when a downpour comes it tends to be channelized and enhanced. Holding and channelizing precipitation should turn into the country’s central goal. It is our best way to know what’s to come. This implies that each water body, each channel and each catchment of downpour must be shielded. These are the sanctuaries of present day India. Worked to adore downpour.
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US delineated on UFOs – Residence of aliens is disclosed !
A Pentagon representative declined to remark on reports about the insight report. She said the Pentagon’s UAP group is “viably working with the Office of the Director of National Intelligence on the report, and DNI will give the disclosures to Congress.” But White House Press Secretary, Jen Psak added, “I will say that we bring reports of invasions into our airspace by any airplane, recognized or unidentified, truly and examine every one.” Two Agencies have analyzed reports of planes or different articles in the sky flying at befuddling speeds.
Whatever those are, they’re in reality out there. US insight is after them, yet its forthcoming report will not convey any full truth about UFOs. The tempting possibility of top government intel at long last saying something, following quite a while of paranoid fears, TV shows, motion pictures and winking jokes by presidents will rather yield a more ordinary truth that is not liable to change numerous personalities on any side of the issue. Agents have discovered no proof the sightings are connected to outsiders, yet can’t deny a connection all things considered. Two authorities advised on the report because Congress in the not so distant future say the US government can’t give an authoritative clarification of elevated marvels spotted by military pilots.
The report moreover doesn’t impede that what pilots have seen may be new advancements made by various countries. One of the specialists said there is no sign the unexplained wonders are from secret US programs. The authorities were not approved to talk about the data openly and talked in a state of obscurity. The report was 1st dispensed by ‘The New York Times’. The report analyzes different unexplained sightings from ongoing years that sometimes have been caught on record of pilots shouting about objects flying before them.
Congress in December required the Director of National Intelligence to sum up and report on the US government’s information on unidentified airborne wonders, or UAPs, better referred to general society as unidentified flying articles or UFOs. The effort has consolidated a Defense Department UAP group set up a year prior. The normal public arrival of an unclassified variant of the report this month will add up to a status report, not the last word, as per one authority.
The US government treats unidentified airborne wonders appropriately given the potential public safety hazard of a foe flying novel innovation over an army installation or another delicate site. This likewise is seen by the US military as a security and well being issue, given that as a rule the pilots who announced seeing unexplained aeronautical marvels were directing battle preparing flights. The report’s absence of firm ends will probably disillusion individuals expecting the report, given numerous Americans’ long-standing interest with UFOs and the possibility of outsiders having arrived at humanity.ย
The doctrine of basic structure is not defined in the constitution of India. The term has evolved as a result of various judicial decisions by the years. The Basic Structure Doctrine of Constitution of India states that the parliament can neither destroy nor alter the basic structure of the Indian constitution. The doctrine is applicable only to the constitutional amendments.
The basic features of the Constitution are:
Supremacy of the constitution.
Republican and democratic form of government.
Secular character of the constitution.
Federal character of the constitution.
Separation of power.
Unity and Sovereignty of India.
Individual freedom.
ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย Within their respective jurisdictions, the Parliament and the state legislatures are entitled to make suitable laws for the sake of people. The Bills regarding amendment of Constitution can only be passed by the Parliament itself. But the power is absolute and limited to some aspect. The Supremeย Court of India holds the power to declare any law which it considers inconsistent with the Constitution invalid. In other words if any bill is passed by the Parliament which does not follows the ideals of the Constitution will be held invalid and void by the Supreme court. This doctrine has been laid by the Supreme Court to ensure and preserve the will of the Constitution and the ideology behind it. Hence, the Parliament cannot destroy or alter the basic structure of the Constitution.ย
Evolution of the Basic Structure Doctrine:
The term Basic structure Doctrine has evolved through various decisions of the Supreme Court on the powers of parliament and judiciary. There was a dilemma between Article 13 and Article 368, the question raised was which of the Article had an overriding effect on the other.
In this case, the First amendment was challenged on the ground that it is in violation to the Part-III of the constitution. Therefore, it was suggested that it should be considered invalid and void. The Supreme Court held that the Article 368 of the Constitution states, โthe Parliament has the power to amend any part of the constitution including fundamental rights.โ
In Sajjan Singh Vs State of Rajasthan[2] case in 1965 the Court gave the same ruling.
In this case in 1967, the Supreme Court held that the Parliament is not empowered to amend Part III of the constitution as the fundamental rights are immutable. The Supreme Court overruled its earlier decision. According to the Supreme Court ruling, Article 368 lays down the procedure to amend the constitution, that does not give absolute powers to the parliament and to amend any part of the constitution.
The 24th Constitution Amendment Act
In 1971, the Parliament passed the 24th Constitution amendment act. The act gave absolute power to the parliament, in order to make any changes in the constitution and also the fundamental rights. It also made it obligatory for the President to give his assent on all the Constitution Amendment bills sent to him. This move was executed evidently in the favor of Smt. Indira Gandhi and her government.
In this case, the Supreme Court upheld the validity of the 24th Constitution Amendment Act and reviewed its decision in the Golaknath case. The Supreme Court held that the Parliament has power to amend any provision of the constitution but the basic structure of the constitution is to be maintained as it is. But the Apex Court has not provided any clear definition for the term basic structure. It held that the “basic structure of the Constitution could not be abrogated even by a constitutional amendment”.
Attempts to bury the Basic Structure Doctrine:ย ย Many politicians, experts and ministers were against the basic structure defined by the earlier cases. This led to challenges against the verdict of the court. In 1975, the Supreme Court reaffirmed the concept of Basic Structure Doctrine. This happened when the victory of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in the elections was upheld by the Allahabad High Court on the grounds of electoral malpractice. Justice Krishna Iyer granted a stay allowing Indira Gandhi to work as the Prime Minister on the condition that she would not draw salary and speak or vote until the case was decided. But, while the court was hearing the case, the parliament passed the Thirty- ninth amendment o the constitution. This amendment removed the authority of the Supreme Court to handle cases with regard to elections of President, Prime Minister and the speaker of Lok Sabha.ย Instead a body will be constituted for resolving such disputes. The aim of the bill was evidently to benefit Smt. Indira Gandhi. Some amendments were also made to the Representation of Peoples Acts of 1951 and 1974 and placed in theย Ninth Scheduleย along with
the Election Laws Amendment Act, 1975. The mala fide intention of the government to save the face of Indira Gandhi in case the Court passed a verdict against them was proved by the hurry in which the Thirty-ninth amendment was passed. The bill was introduced on 7th of August, passed by the Lok Sabha the same day, and Rajya Sabha the next day, the President passed it giving his assent 2 days later and it was gazetted on 10th August. The counsel for the opposing party challenging Indira Gandhi argued that the amendment violated the basic structure of Constitution and hence should be held unconstitutional. It affected the power of judicial review and the basic features including conducting of free and fair elections. They also argued that the Parliament is not empowered to decide if the election were valid or not stating the incompetency to use its constituent power to hold an election that was declared void by the High court. The court upheld the amended laws, striking down the law which restricted the power of judiciary to adjudicate the situation. The judges grudgingly accepted the Parliaments power to pass overriding laws.
Within three days of the decision of the election case, C.J. Ray convened to review the Keshavanandan Bharti case verdict with regard to a number of land ceiling petitions. The opposing partyโs counsel argued that it was an unnecessary move. The bench dissolved soon after it and people doubted the governmentโs indirect involvement in the issue. The National emergency was declared in 1975. Soon after the Congress party constituted a committee with Sardar Swaran Singh its chairman to review the question of amending the Constitution. Through the 42nd amendment several changes were incorporated which also included that any amendments by the Parliament in the past or in future in the constitution cannot be questioned by the court.
In this case the owners of Minerva mills challenged the 42nd amendment in the Supreme Court. Mr. N.A. Palkhivala from the side of petitioners decided not to challenge the government’s action instead he framed the challenge to Parliament’s power to amend the Constitution. He argued that the section 55 of the amendment provided unlimited power to the Parliament. He added that Article 31 C violated the Preamble and the basic structure doctrine, hence should be declared unconstitutional. It also took away the power of judicial review.
The majority judgment (4:1) held the amendment to Article 31C unconstitutional.โ It destroyed the harmony and balance between fundamental rights and directive principles which is an essential or basic feature of the Constitution.โ In another case relating to a similar dispute involving agricultural property the apex court, held that all constitutional amendments made after the date of the Kesavananda Bharati are subject to judicial review as the same procedure as prior to the 42nd amendment.
We from our childhood are given a name, we as we study along and get educated, we collect certificates, participate in competitions, compete for rank, give speeches , excel in sports and exams, and so on, all this time we are creating an unique identity. Every step of our life we are contributing to make our own unique identity, trying to be something different, trying to mark our mark, trying to create a legacy, each and everyone’s different in its own way. From the laziest to the most energetic, form the dorkiest to the smartest, from the strongest to the most disciplined, from a Romeo to any geek, from a child to a teen to a young grown up to a middle aged person to a old man, that is what everyone strives for subconsciously.ย
What is history ?
History is what we came from and is often why we think and act in a certain way.We will frame our very lives in the paths travelled by our relatives and their actions. As the saying goes, โ to understand what is, one must understand what wasโ.
What history has is the goal of tracing narratives of past events, and analyzing the patterns that emerge as a way to provide perspective on our past.
History is wonderful and should be studied and therefore understood.
It can be studied at different levels and is just full of great adventures.
– food – countries – trains – religion – art – medicine – architecture – fashion.
Why is history important?
The same reason that personal memory matters. If you didn’t know what you had done in the past, he would have no meaningful identity as a person. History is to civilization what memory is to individuals.
Aa there is a saying which goes as :
History repeats itself. Who knows, what we learn right now about the past may come back to help us in the future!
In all cases, understanding History is integral to a good understanding of the condition of being human. That allows people to build, and, as may well be necessary, also to change, upon a secure foundation. Neither of these options can be undertaken well without understanding the context and starting points. All living people live in the here-and-now but it took a long unfolding history to get everything to NOW. And that history is located in time-space, which holds this cosmos together, and which frames both the past and the present.
Well, the truth of the matter is that history does repeat itself and it’s best to be prepared for it by knowing the outcomes of previous instances and being able to make educated decisions based off of these that will help to a greater degree in the long run.
It helps us solve whatever problems the future holds. So keep knowing about the history or the past before stepping to anything
Perspective towards the history
There are many different perspectives that explain Historyโs existence.
History is older than any other form of โsocial studyโ and existed way before there were academic institutions or an academic discipline associated to it. So, it seems it has been a social and cultural demand of various cultures (but not all of them), to understand their own selves in time. The narratives of origin gave a special meaning to particular groups and cultures. Something akin to mythological narratives, but with a claim to represent โwhat really happenedโ, based on testimonies and observations and making sense of where we came from. So, we come to a perspective very widespread in ancient times, that of History as a โmaster of lifeโ, a repository of experiences and deeds of great (and lesser) men, which could be used by those who read it (statesmen, generals, etc.) in order to learn from the mistakes and great achievements, morals and virtues of generations past. The past as a guide to future action.
Another perspective came with the need, analogous to the new modern sciences, of understanding the world in an objective scientific perspective. Because of the historical context in which that process happened i.e coinciding with the birth and consolidation of the modern nation-state, it was closely linked with the political, philosophical and ideological need to construct national identities, referred to historical narratives of national origins. The understanding of the past as scientific knowledge, not necessarily for any practical purpose. Later, History came to be seen, through another political and epistemological perspective, as a tool to understand the present, by means of understanding and explaining how political, social, economic and cultural processes evolved, from different past configurations. The study of the past as a method to understand the present.
Should history matter to us
Even if there is no true objectivity to one’s history, even if there is no real common interpretation of history, but the truth is we need to protect it for our relative objectivity and subjectivity both. At Least for this day in age of 21st century, ask not what is reality, ask how to protect our reality because once our reality is distorted either by lie or truth, identity is lost.
History makes future for us at the end of the day, what one did yesterday decides what happens today. What we do today, when today becomes yesterday, our those actions make the future. History is our child. We are creating history as we are living through the present. It is our legacy, it is our tomorrow’s myth and legend, history is us from once.
children are very innocent and simple that they simply learn what we teach them or what they see thier elder doing. Children just copy the things their parents do. If they taught to respect female and equality among everyone, they would never disrespect or insult any gender.
In older times, women are only seen doing household works.They had no right to be educated, to go outside their houses or to do work they want. They are forced to live thier whole life under the same four walls. They had no freedom at all. They had struggled so long to get their rights. There were many activists who fought for women education in india.
There were women who faught faught for their rights. Some of them are:-
Savitribai Phule She was the first female teacher in the first school for girls in India. After being married at 13, she was educated by her husband and other activists. Along with fathima sheikh, they started the first school for girls “Indigenous Library” in 1948. In 1853, savitribai and her husband jyotirao esrablished an education society that opened more schools for girls and women.
Fathima Shiekh She is widely regarded as first female muslim teacher in India. She worked with savitiribai for educating girls. she also helped Savitribai set up their first girlsโ schoolย in her own house. she taught Dalit, Shudra, Adivasi and female students until 1856.ย
Ramabai Ranade She was one of the first women social workers and educators. She successfully created a network for women to avail vocational training, healthcare information and established the first high school for women on India. She became actively involved in the Prarthana Samaj and also in the Seva Sadan.
Chandraprabha Saikiani She was the pioneer of the women’s movement in Assam. In 1921, she started the Asam Pradeshik Mahila Samity which is still operational in Guwahati.The Tezpur University established a womenโs centre in her name, Chandraprabha Saikiani Center for Womenโs Studies (CSCWS) in 2009 for promoting womenโs education in Northeast India.
Anutai Wagh She was one of the pioneers of preschool education in India.she faced a lot of backlash from conservatives groups for educating young girls.Her work at the โGram Bal Shiksha Kendraโ formed the basis for the development of preschool education.
Now, our country has progresses a lot in terms of equality. But still, Around the world, 132 million girls are out of school, including 34.3 million of primary school age, 30 million of lower-secondary school age, and 67.4 million of upper-secondary school age.The reasons are many.like poverty, child marriage and gender-based violence. It should be changed. Girls should be educated at any cost. Because girl who recieve education are more likely to marry young and live a healthy and productive life.
During this pandemic period, people in various states are getting affected a lot. Especially some people staying out of the country who are away from their natives are getting financially affected. Most individuals were fired off from their jobs, no food for many of the street animals and so on. This led to mental pressure in people, which in-turn had also contrived their daily lifestyle.ย
Is it possible to make covid test for the whole masses of people in the country?
In-spite of being possible, it is a challenge for the higher officials, to take over this issue and solve it in a short period of time. Besides this, people are also in motion from state to state, district to district and even from country to country. Because of this, the work of the corporation, healthcare industries, mainly the doctors and cops is rapidly increasing. If one group of family has tested for covid, the work is over for that time alone. But some individuals might enter the family from various states or districts or even countries. This would lead to testing again and again, where the scarcity arises. Testing stays the foundation of clinical reaction to any illness and to any pandemic specifically. Numerous new tests are currently accessible on the lookout however tragically, we actually don’t completely think about some basic issues around test accessibility and test qualities.
Initiatives taken & to be taken by the esteemed Governmentย ย
State governments and well-being authorities ought to foster systems for various kinds of tests. Enormous numbers of SARS-CoV-2 contamination are gentle or asymptomatic in nature and may stay undetected by the observation framework, particularly with the changes in the infection. Subsequently, populace based sero-studies are considered as an important apparatus in assessing the extent of the populace recently contaminated with SARS-CoV2-Various state governments have done sero reviews, that can assist the public authority with choosing their testing strategies.At an administration level sero-studies are basic to comprehend and screen the pattern in the commonness of the Covid-19 infection; at an individual level we should get ourselves checked for the disease at the soonest so ideal treatment can occur.
Parcel of work has been finished by the public authority to make mindfulness and guarantee that the test stays reasonable for the populace on the loose. With the quantity of cases expanding regularly, it’s an ideal opportunity to reconsider how we might speed up without settling on the exactness of the outcome. There is news that with the expanding tension in the labs, it is requiring 2-3 days for them to report a test outcome. It is currently an ideal opportunity for us to assess other testing procedures, such as going for Covid Antigen test dependent on Enhanced Chemiluminescence Technology which has similar exactness to RT-PCR yet can give results at a much quicker speed.
There is part of discussion going on the adequacy and exactness of indicative tests . As you would see it, which one is ideal here in India and why?
It’s accepted that what we need is mass trying by an innovation which has excellent affectability and explicitness, with a higher throughput-so the clinicians and the patients can get their outcomes at the most punctual. The clinicians can follow up on it soon without agonizing over the exactness of the results.We are for the most part mindful of the difficulties that a considerable lot of the nations confronted concerning the precision of the Rapid test. There is no uncertainty that between the two, RT-PCR is a superior alternative yet very much like “Equity postponed is equity denied,” I would say that deferred result anyway exact, would not be of any worth to the patients if not written about time. This is the place where VITROS SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test turns out to be helpful. Dissimilar to RT-PCR which requires part of stuff, VITROS SARS-CoV-2 Antigen is a simple test which should be possible on a computerized stage with a similar exactness to that of RT-PCR .
The paper gives an all-inclusive review of the venerated Pashupati Seal recovered from Mohenjodaro, one of the cardinal sites of the Indus Valley civilization. Regardless of its size, the seal is a centre of extensive scholarly attraction. A plethora of scholars study the seal and attempt to identify the central figure in the seal surrounded by animals. While scholars like John Marshall identify the central figure as tricelaphic and ithyphallic and relates it with Rudra-Shiva, others give Dravidian, Vedic and Post-Vedic interpretations of the seal. The pictograph present above the seal commands equal attention but remains an enigma as the boustrophedon Indus script is undeciphered to date and so is the conundrum associated with the same.
Introduction
The Pashupati seal, being an exotica recovered from the southern region of the DK-G area of Mohenjodaro, 3.9 metres below the surface; arouses varied interpretations from a school of scholars, historians, Indologists and scientists. In his 1937-โ38 report, Ernest Mackay dated the seal to fall within 2,350-2,000 BCE and numbered the seal as 420. The 3.56cm x 3.53cm seal is devised out of steatite and has a thickness of 0.76cm.
The central figure is found seated on a platform looking straight with legs bent at the knees. The heels of the figure touch each other and the toes point downwards. The arms are extended to reach the bent knees but donโt touch them- they rest lightly upon the knees and the thumbs face away from the body. The hands are embellished by three small bangles and eight large bangles. There are double band wraps around the waist with necklaces covering the chest. The figure has elaborate head-dresses that appears to be a fan-like crown with two huge striated horns similar to that of a bull. The central figure is surrounded by four animals- a water rhinoceros, a tiger, a bull and an elephant. Below the figure, one may notice two ibexes facing backwards with their horns meeting each other. Above the central figure is seven boustrophedon pictographs that are undeciphered to date.
John Marshall identifies the central figure to be one of the earliest representations of Hindu god Shiva in his 1928-29 publication. However, his claims are criticized by a school of scholars but identifying the seal with proto-Shiva or Rudra Shiva, his Vedic predecessor; seems to be the most accepted claim. With the Indus script that remains undeciphered to date, the pictograph above the figure remains an enigma. Following Marshallโs claims, many scholars conducted independent researches that came out with a series of conclusions: while Doris Srinivasanclaims the figure to be a divine bovine man, Alf Hiltebeitel claims it to be the depiction of puranic Mahisasura. SR Rao claims it to be a depiction of Vedic God Agni while SP Singh identifies the figure to be Rudra, the Vedic predecessor of Lord Shiva.
Notwithstanding the scholarly tussle over the seated figure, the seal is an element of archaeological marvel. The seal along with all the artefacts recovered from the sites of Pakistan was claimed during the partition melee. However, the Government of India refused and finally, an agreement was made to hand over around 8,000 Indus Valley articles out of a total of 16,000. While the Priest-King was claimed (and successfully received) by Pakistan, the Dancing Girl and Pasupathi Seal were retained by India.ย
The Pashupati Seal
Seal 420 as Proto-Shiva
In his 1928-29 publication, John Marshall identified the central figure to be Lord Shiva. Firstly, he claims that the seated figure represents the lord of all beasts or Pashupati. It is worth noting that Pashupati is one of the epithets of Lord Shiva. Secondly, he claims that the figure is tricelaphic and Lord Shiva is sometimes depicted with three or five heads. Some scholars claim that the fourth or the fourth and the fifth head remains unseen in a 2-D interface. However, Lord Shiva is also depicted as having four or five heads. Thirdly, he identifies the elaborate headdresses to be congruent with the trident and the two large horns to be the horns of a bull. Both the trident and the bull symbolises Lord Shiva as the trident is his weapon and the Bull is his mount. Fourthly, he claims that since the central figure is sitting in a typical yogic posture, he could be identified with Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva is also known as Adiyogi or Mahayogi who is considered the originator of Yoga.
In his 1931 publication, he added that the Pashupati seal is ithyphallic and he claimed that certain stones and seals recovered from the Indus Valley hints at sex worship or phallic worship. Since linga is undoubtedly linked with Lord Shiva, he claims the central figure in the Pashupati seal to be the Indus depiction of proto-Shiva. However, late scholars have pointed out that that the stones that are claimed to be sex symbols by Marshall may be game stones or gamesmen. One of the notable scholars with the same viewpoint is Ernest Mackay who claimed that:
โ... Various small cones made of lapis lazuli, jasper, chalcedony, and other stones, most beautifully cut and finished, and less than two inches in height, are also thought to be lingas โฆ on the other hand, it is just as possible that they were used in the board-games โฆโ
-Early Indus Civilisation, 1948.
Divine Bull-Man?
On other hand, Doris Srinivasan came with an alternate approach and claimed that the central figure is a divine buffalo man. She identified the figure to be having a single head and claimed that what Marshall claimed to be two extra faces are ears of the buffalo man. She backed her findings with various articles recovered from other Harappan sites that hint at the association of buffalo or attributes of buffaloes with divinity.
She attempted to relate the central figure of seal 420 with the terracotta bull recovered from Kalibangan, horned mask unearthed from Mohenjodaro and a horned deity represented in a water pitcher recovered from Kot Diji. With reference to these parallels, she interprets Marshallโs proto-Shiva as a divine buffalo man.
Nonetheless, the significance of the animals surrounding the bull-man is a mystery. She claims that these animals may represent divine powers and reinforces the strength of the bull-man. However, the description seems to be dissatisfactory.
Rudra- The Rigvedic Predecessor of Lord Shiva
Another notable interpretation of the Pasupathi seal comes from SP Singhwho identifies the seated figure to be Rudra. Rudra is the Vedic predecessor of Lord Shiva nonetheless, the Rig Veda has only three hymns attributed to him. However, Rig Vedaโs verse 2.33.11 depicts Rudra as fearsome as a formidable wild beast. It is also to be noted that verse 7.46.3 mentions that Rudra is armed with a bow and fast-flying arrows. There is no mention of the trident as well as a bull whichโs depicted as the mount of Lord Shiva in later Puranas and epics. The Rig Veda depicts Rudra as the lord of the hunt whoโs known for his ferociousness and wrath and the depiction doesnโt fit a tranquil Pasupathi. But verse 10.92 of the Rig Veda mentions that Rudra has dual natures- wrathful and tranquil. The tranquil nature of Rudra can be viewed as Shiva, Yogi or Pasupati.
However, even if the Rig Veda doesnโt conform to the trident and the bull as the symbols of Rudra, it is so in the later texts. Erwin Neumayer and VS Wakankar identified some of the Bhimbetka paintings carbon-dated pre-10,000BCE to be associated with Natraja, the dancing depiction of Lord Shiva.
Moreover,SP Singh claims that the animals surrounding Rudra– the tiger, bull, elephant and the rhinoceros are Maruts or Rudras. Verse 2.33 of Rig Veda states that Rudra is the father of Maruts and the 64th verse of the first book of the Rigveda compares the Maruts to lion, deer, bull, elephant and a serpent. This can be the basis of SP Singhโs observation. Itโs believed that Maruts are storm Gods who are the children of Rudra and an androgynous cow, Prisni. Verse 8.96.8 of Rigveda numbers Maruts from twenty-seven to sixty. However, later Puranas mention that Maruts are born from the battered womb of Diti, the mother of all demons. Puranas suggest that Indra used his thunderbolt over Ditiโs womb so as to prevent the birth of a demon who could rival Indra. The Puranas also suggests that Indra befriended the Maruts at a later stage and came to be known as Marutvant. He was accompanied by the Maruts while defeating the serpent king Vritra or Vedic Ahi who is represented as a dragon blocking the flow of rivers and thus, inviting drought. The hymn eighteen of the fourth book of Rigveda illustrates the series of events pertaining to the heroic battle between Indra and Vritra.
Harappan Navaratri?
One of the most interesting Vedic interpretation of the Pasupathi seal is given by Alf Hiltebeitel. He claims that the central figure seated is Mahishasura. The festival of Navaratri eulogises the epic battle between Mahishasura, a very powerful buffalo demon and goddess Durga, an incarnation of Devi Parvati, the consort of Lord Shiva. He claims that the animals depicted are the mounts of different Gods- like Bull (Nandi) is the mount of Lord Shiva, Tiger (or Lion) is the mont of Goddess Durga and Elephant (Airavata) is the mount of Indra.
Conclusion
Notwithstanding these interpretations sprawling from Marshallโs proto-Shiva to Alfโs Mahishasura, there are many other interpretations by various celebrated scholars. No other Indus Valley artefact might have been the base of such intense scholarly attention.
Out of the available interpretations, Herbert Sullivan of Duke University claimed that the seated figure is a woman. She claimed that what Marshall claimed to be the phallus is, ipso facto, a tassel. Asko Parpola studied the Pashupati seal and claimed that the seal is an imitation of the proto-Elamite method of seating bulls. Some claims that the seated figure is an aquatic deity while others claim the seated figure to be Varuna (Water God), Agni (Fire God) and even Indra (Rain God). Some scholars also draw parallels from the Gundestrep Cauldron while others identify the central figure to be the Sage Rishyasringa of Ramayana Epic. However, there are some group of scholars who claim that the figure is not determinable.
Amongst all interpretations, Marshallโs proto-Shiva is still celebrated and the seal 420 is still known by the name, Pashupati. Some scholars also claim that the seal invariably hints at the existence of Yoga at that time. Itโs not only the central figure and the animals nearby that attracts scholarly attention but the pictograph is also considered on par. The mystery may be partially solved if the boustrophedon script of the Indus valley is deciphered and the pictograph, read. However, the seal remains a question mark to date. More and more interpretations of the seal 420 are coming from various research scholars and universities with the due course of time and remain one among the Indus Valley exotica.ย
References
Hiltebeitel, Alf (2011). “The Indus Valley “Proto-ลiva”, Reexamined through Reflections on the Goddess, the Buffalo, and the Symbolism of vฤhanas”. In Adluri, Vishwa; Bagchee, Joydeep (eds.). When the Goddess was a Woman: Mahabharata Ethnographies – Essays by Alf Hiltebeitel.
Mackay, Ernest John Henry (1928โ29). “Excavations at Mohenjodaro”. Annual Report of the Archaeological Survey of India: 67โ75.
Mackay, Earnest John Henry (1937โ38). Further excavations at Mohenjodaro: being an official account of archaeological excavations at Mohenjo-Daro carried out by the Government of India between the years 1927 and 1931. Delhi: Government of India.
McEvilley, Thomas (1981). “An Archaeology of Yoga”. RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics. 1 (1): 44โ77.
Marshall, John (1931). Mohenjo-Daro and the Indus Civilization: Being an Official Account of Archaeological Excavations at Mohenjo-Daro Carried Out by the Government of India Between the Years 1922 and 1927. Asian Educational Services.
Possehl, Gregory L. (2002). The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. Rowman Altamira.
Samuel, Geoffrey (2017) [2008]. The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century. Cambridge University Press.
Srinivasan, Doris (1975โ76). “The So-Called Proto-ลiva Seal from Mohenjo-Daro: An Iconological Assessment”. Archives of Asian Art. 29: 47โ58.
Srinivasan, Doris Meth (1997). Many Heads, Arms and Eyes: Origin, Meaning and Form in Multiplicity in Indian Art.
Sullivan, Herbert P. (1964). “A Re-Examination of the Religion of the Indus Civilization”. History of Religions. 4 (1): 115โ125.
Bryant, Edwin (2001). The quest for the origins of Vedic culture the Indo-Aryan migration debate. New York: Oxford University Press.
Basham, A.L. (1989). Zysk, Kenneth (ed.). The Origins and Development of Classical Hinduism. New York City: Oxford University Press.
Bhandarkar, Ramakrishna Gopal (1995) [1913]. Vaisnavism, ลaivism, and Minor Religious Systems (Third reprint ed.). Delhi: Asian Educational Services.
Chakravarti, Mahadev (1994). The Concept of Rudra-ลiva Through The Ages. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
โโฆ.Was it the time I realised that adults were not
all they seemed to be,
They talked of love and preached of love,
But did not act so lovinglyโฆ."
As Markus Natten had beautifully pointed out in the above lines, adults find their place in the long rolls of hypocrites. They talk of love and preach of love, but these are only confined to words. One of the most cardinal preachings of the adults is on an essentially contested topic of โtruthโ. They always ask us to speak the truth and punish us for not doing so. However, does this really mean that adults are the epitome of righteousness and truth to an extent that they only speak the truth? Well, obviously, the most rational answer is โnoโ. All arenโt Mahatma Gandhi no? Then what backs the essence of truthfulness or righteousness imparted by the adults to the younger generation? How is it legitimized?
Family is considered to be the lowest unit of social interaction. Itโs the lowest social organization. If it is the miniature version of the society, the family will be, ipso facto, communitarian in spirit. As always, some liberal values are to be compromised in a communitarian atmosphere. Consequently, the size of the families started reducing and today, we can find people living alone preserving their sacrosanct individuality. The more the size of the family, the more communitarian it is and the more liberty, rights and independence are compromised. Family hence becomes a sphere of power- where power is feloniously exercised by the elders and the youngest ones and mostly women being mute recipients of the communitarian power thus exercised. All power relations are marked by hierarchy and family thus becomes a hierarchy of the elders over the younger ones and sometimes that of men over women. The hierarchy of men over women in the family was challenged by the second wave feminists with a powerful slogan of โthe personal is the politicalโ. But what can the younger ones do? Simply being mute victims of the authoritarian, totalitarian and communitarian decision-making process with the least representation of themselves even on matters regarding their life, liberty and property.
Coming back to the notion of truth and lie, the adultโs lie is often legitimized as a โgood lieโ. A โgood lieโ is something that can be told, preached and are legally plausible. As opposed to this concept is the โbad lieโ that cannot be told, cannot be preached and invites punishment. But what makes a lie a โgood lieโ or a โbad lieโ? As far as Iโve observed, there can be two ways to determine whatโs a โgood lieโ and whatโs a โbad lieโ. Firstly, the lie told by the adults comes under the banner of a โgood lieโ whereas the same lie told by the younger ones become a โbad lieโ. What is to be noted in this case is age is the criteria that determine the nature of your lie. Secondly, the lie which the children are made to say on behalf of the adults also comes under the category of a โgood lieโ. However, if the same lie is told by the child without the directions of the โhigh commandโ, then it is criticized to be a โbad lieโ.
Another interesting concept about this distinction is that the concept is not equally applicable to all situations. What all constitute a โgood lieโ and what constitutes a โbad lieโ are determined from time to time by the adults. Also, a โgood lieโ in my case neednโt be a โgood lieโ in your case. Forget it. Itโs you and me. A โgood lieโ in my case today may not be a โgood lieโ tomorrow and a โgood lieโ in my case may not be so in my brotherโs case. What is to be extrapolated from the situation is that the concept of โgood lieโ and โbad lieโ are flexible- flexible to the overpowering whims and fancies of the adults and obviously, to the disadvantage of the children.ย In toto, what makes a lie qualified to be a โgood lieโ simply depends upon the person who says it or the person by whose supervision it is said. This concept changes from time to time and place to place and even from person to person and families to families. This is quite natural, owing to the communitarian structure of the family. In the modern era, for social institutions like families to survive, it is necessary to democratize the structure. Internal decision-making processes shall be democratized and sacrosanct rights are to be protected with reasonable justifications. Also, any encroachment in the realm of such rights shall not be tolerated and the burden of justification shall be placed upon the adults. May the liberal ideas liberally sprinkle upon the social institution of the family.
Once in our lifetime we have seen the sitcom F.R.I.E.N.D.S or have heard about it. In this post We are going to look at the complex pregnancies given to the lead female actors, Rachel, Monica and Phoebe.
F.R.I.E.N.D.S is set in the New York city. It has a crazy fan following since it first started to air on the television. Not only in the U.S but in every nation there’s a corner in the heart for ‘So no one told you life was gonna be this way…’. Anytime you open the Netflix among the top 10 shows we’ll always find this show in the list.
With this crazy fan following, the show did not have even one normal pregnancy. All the three lead actress had a complicated pregnancies, not medically but socially.
Monica and Chandler had adopted the twins, Phoebe was a surrogate for his brothers’ triplets and Rachel gave a birth to Emma as a single Mother. All three were aimed towards breaking the typical stereotypes society has around normal pregnancy. Along with the most popular show, it also aimed towards normalizing the pregnancy norms in the then society.
In Today’s time it is normal to adopt a baby or have a surrogate mother or being a single mother. But in 90s it was something not familiar and thus being the most popular sitcom and indeed one of the influential ones, it targeted to bring a change in the society by this simple and yet beautiful step.
With the changing times in the society, there are many places where women are still criticized for not having a normal pregnancy. We as people must normalize and accept their choices making it easier for them to survive in such a society. And those who face such problems always remember, ‘I’ll be there for you…’
We all have seen the evil Mother-in-Law and the ‘bechari’ (Helpless) Daughter-in-Law stories since our childhood. With our mothers and grandmothers we all have seen Mihir dying innumerable times. But to our surprise, he was always found alive. Women were always portrayed as the enemies of each other. And Men, Men of the house had nothing to do except contribute to their family drama. (They still lived in giant bungalow, where did they get money for its maintenance?)
India’s first longest daily soap was ‘Hum Log’ which was terminated after 154 episodes; It was also the first daily soap to be aired in 1984. We had great daily soaps like ‘Son Pari’, ‘Malgudi Days’, ‘Karishma ka Karishma’, ‘Sarabhi vs. Sarabhai’ and many more. But then arrived Ekta Kapoor with her shows like ‘Kyuki Saas bhi Kabhi bahu thi’ in 2000 and after that the scenario of Indian daily soaps changed completely.
Every show presented the rich joint family and the indifferences the family members had. Every female actor was decked up with jewelry from head to toe. Amid all these cliche, arrived ‘Sasural Genda Phool’, a show which broke many stereotypes of Indian television.
Unlike rich families, this show presented a middle class family. It did not have an evil Mother-in-Laws or jealous Sister-in-Laws, instead it presented the bond of a joint family and the beauty of various relationships. This show introduced us to a romantic story of a rich girl Suhana (Ragini Khanna) married to a middle-class boy Ishaan (Jay Soni). A typical love story is plotted between Suhaana & Ishaan to which many married couples relate to. Ishaan is a caring husband. Suhana falls in an unexpected love with Ishaan after so many years of their marriage. Apart from Ishaan’s loving nature, what makes Suhaana fall for him is his big joint family which Suhaana lacks in her past life. Being a single child of a single parent, she was unaware of family’s love & affection. Also, Women are not tortured to wear heavy jewelry the whole day.
It also aimed towards breaking the stereotypes of Indian society who always portrayed the evil side of In-Laws relationship with their Daughter-in-Laws. It showed how a father (Ambarnath Kashyap) chose his Daughter-in-Law Shailaja (Badi maa) over his son. It deals with the trauma of a rape-child (Deepak) and his mother (Radha bua). While every other show was busy portraying ‘Woman is a woman’s worst enemy’, this show brings out the different essence of this incomplete phrase which is ‘A Woman is a woman’s best friend’.
It presented a real image of the Indian households i.e., financial issues, everyone contributing their pay in the household, Women working together in the kitchen, small fights with the neighbors, Husband-Wife fights, and many more.
Here is the picture of its full cast:
It is also having a comedy element in it which you can enjoy when you feel stressed. It shows how the family can choose to stay together in every difficult times. Instead of pulling the relationships down it aimed towards building them up together. Isn’t it a show worth watching? It indeed is.
So if your mother and grandmother are still looking for an answer to ‘Yeh Rishta kya Kehlata hai’ (What is this relationship known as), give them a relief by diverting them to this show.
Since the beginning of this pandemic, several companies are facing loss. Some of the companies and small scale industries have even terminated their productions. Even the largest of the Global economies are hit severely by this pandemic.
To solve this economic crises companies have been performing lay-outs. People who are no more required are getting laid out and losing their jobs. But what is interesting to see in this time is how this virus has affected the gender neutrality not only in India but globally.
Both the men and the women continue to lose their jobs in this national lockdown. But it seems that this pandemic has more adversely affected the jobs of women than men. Women account for about 39% of the global employment and 54% of the overall job losses. Globally the rate of women losing their jobs is 1.8 times more than that of the men. In India, there were 7 times more women who lost their jobs than men. But what is more striking is unlikeliness of women to return to the jobs is 11 times higher compared to men.
The lifting of lockdown restrictions was associated with a return to work but the recovery was more muted for women. Prior to the pandemic, about 70% of working age men were employed. By August – September 2020, 88% of them remained employed or returned to work. By contrast, of 10% of working age women who were employed before the pandemic, only 53% remained employed or returned to work by August – September 2020.
While there was a high job loss seen in the organized sector, the job loss wasn’t seen in the unorganized sector. Highly educated women were more vulnerable to lose their jobs. Education had its negative impact on the employment of women. ‘It is possible that relatively more educated women are able to withdraw from the workforce in face of uncertain conditions such as the lockdown, while this option might not be available to less educated women’, A research paper โDown and Out? The Gendered Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on India’s Labour Market’ presented in its observation. It also suggested that women did not have typical ‘fallback’ options in the terms of employment.
Some of the reasons are as follows:
Married women were less likely to return to work than married men.
Women from large households followed the same unlikeliness.
The social norms were again revoked due to the pandemic which resulted in this inequality.
The unappreciated household burden plays a vital role in the same.
A study showed that the difference created in the gender might take more than 135 years to recover. Women need to stand up for themselves. Husbands need to share the household burden of their wives. There can be simple steps which we can take to improve the condition of women in our country because as our Former Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru said, ‘The growth of the nation can be determined by seeing the condition of its women’.
Know the right age for pregnancy and also the risks involved in late pregnancies.
Every eye visiting this article would be having a definite answer in their head; NO. In these modern times when every women wants an established career no one even thinks of planning a baby before 35 or say 30. But the question that follows here is Does the age of mother really matter for childbearing?
The age of reproduction of women starts around 13-14 years and lasts on an average till 45 years. So some may be wondering that when the reproduction can be done till the age of 45 then why to have baby in 20s and 30s. But the answer to the previous question is ‘YES’. The age of the mother really matters when it comes to bearing a child. Let’s understand why.
There are some facts we need to understand while we understand the reason:
Definitely timed biological clock.
Quality of eggs.
Certain risks of Pregnancy.
Definitely timed biological clock:
As said that the reproductive age in women starts from 13-14 years and lasts till 45 years, there is certain age where the fertility of the women is at its peak. In her late teens and upto her late 20s, the women experiences the best fertile period. Post 30, the fertility potential decreases with each passing year. This decline is very pronounced after the age of 35. It decreases rapidly after that. So for a healthy couple if the chances of a pregnancy is about 1 in 4 in the late twenties or the early thirties, the chances reduces drastically by 1 in 10, by the time the woman reaches about 40.
Quality of eggs:
When we say that the possibility of the woman to get pregnant after 35 declines, but what is it that actually affects this? It is the Number and the Quality of eggs in a female. With age the number and the quality of the eggs reduces which opens the gates for the risks like miscarriage or having an abnormal baby. While the fertility potential of males also declines with age, this is seen to be dramatically declining in the case of females.
Certain risks of Pregnancy:
There are certain risks for the women and their foetus who plan their pregnancy after the age of 35.
The relative risks of having certain diseases like High blood pressure, diabetes, miscarriage, premature births increase with an increasing age of the mother.
The chances for genetic abnormality in an unborn baby of the mother who ages 25 is about 1 in 700 but this risk inclines about 1 in 400 for the mother ageing 35. Beyond the age of 40, this risk increases to 1 in 100.
Does that mean women have to leave their career and plan their babies first? No, it does not. With the progression of the science and technology there are certain solutions available. Do not look for them on the Google, instead visit a gynecologist for the same. Those women planning their babies after 40 can freeze their eggs when they are about 30 to 34 of age. Also the healthier the woman maintains her lifestyle, the lesser will be the chances of having a miscarriage.
And after all it’s not necessary to have a biological child to be a parent. Share this with every woman to spread awareness.
Women have evolved from a dependent gender to a representative individual in the society. When most of the women earn their living on their own, there are many people who keep on forcing them to give up their career choices. Why is society so much uncomfortable in accepting the independent state of a woman?
You might be thinking that in what era am I living in; aren’t things like these extinct already. But in an answer I would like to say ‘NO’. Even today society wants women to stay at home because ‘Agar zyada padhi likhi hogi toh zyada zubaan chalegi iski’ (If she is more educated, she’ll have more opinions) Wait… What? Why do you want to have a submissive, Why do you want women to follow your orders, Why such dominance over a specific gender?
These are some basic questions asked by every woman at one or the other place in her life. Sometimes these questions have brought revolutions in the old customs and sometimes these questions fade in the screams of domestic violence, rapes, molestation, etc.
With the spread of awareness, many women are getting justice against these crimes but who will get justice for women who are suffering everyday because of their own family members?
Yes, you read that right. These wrongs aren’t highlighted but one in every three woman in India faces the pressure of marriage. She is forced to continue her studies after the marriage. Women aren’t allowed to have jobs in which they earn more than their subsequent other. Fathers and Husbands want their daughter to be dependent on them because they think that the day she becomes independent ‘Ladki haath se nikal jaegi’ (We’ll lose the hold of our daughter).
I’ll tell you one story which took place recently with me, One of my friend stopped talking to me. All of a sudden, She blocked all my calls and messages. I stopped contacting her after trying for a while. After few months, I get to know the reason. The reason left me speechless. Loosely putting in her words, ‘When I placed my desire to have a part-time job, Mom scolded me and told me not to contact you anymore. She thinks you are a bad influence and all these seeds of being independent are sown into me by you.’
Amazing! Isn’t it? And I’m not building up this story for this article. This is a true story of me and my friend. If speaking up for yourself makes someone a bad influence then we really need to re-consider our thoughts and customs.
Family needs to choose between a submissive unhappy daughter and an independent happy daughter. Because its high time we start to address the issues which bachelor women faces not only from the society but their families as well.
On this International Family Day, I’d like to address every person with a family to treat their daughters as their own family and not like ‘Paraya Dhan’ (Other’s wealth); I’d also like to tell the daughters to stand up for themselves and not make any decision due to family or societal pressure.
I’d like to conclude this feature with the words of a famous singer:
People are going to judge you anyway, so you might as well do what you want.
โOne could not count the moons that shimmer on her roofs, Or the thousand splendid suns that hide behind her walls.โ
Title: A Thousand Splendid Suns
Author: Khaled Hosseini
Publisher: Riverhead Books
Genre: Contemporary, Historical Fiction
First Publication: 2007
Language: English
Major Characters: Laila, Mariam, Rasheed, Tariq
Setting Place: Herat and Kabul, Afghanistan
Theme: History and Memory in Afghanistan, Suffering and Perseverance, Shame and Reputation, Love, Loyalty, and Belonging, Gender Relations and Female Friendship.
Narrator: The story is told in the third person, alternating between Lailaโs and Mariamโs points of view.
A Thousand Splendid Suns is a Heartbreaking story of Mariam and Laila. It represents the stereotypes against women and also implies the common quote, ‘Woman is woman’s worst enemy and a best friend’. The Storytelling is perfect and at no moment the reader feels bored or thought of putting it away.
A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini stretches over decades and talks about the Afghan history in which the Soviets invaded and the Taliban took over and time after that. It revolves around the story of two heroines: Mariam and Laila. Both are born and brought up differently but the severity of the war and their fate brings them together.
While all the characters are fictional in this novel, the reader feels sad after reading it. The story of both the women is heartbreaking, I myself was shoving nails into my head while reading this book. It is a great melancholic representation of the sufferings of the Afghan people.
It deals with various injustices done against women. Most of them are portrayed through Rasheed. Khaled Hosseini explicitly deals with domestic violence, Discrimination in providing education to the girl child (Aziza; Laila and Tariq’s daughter), Exploitation of women’s right to freedom, and many more. He has also glorified the qualities of motherhood and sisterhood among the women.
This novel includes the romance of Tariq and Laila which shortly turns into a tragedy. But maybe Hosseini felt a little pity for his readers and thus united both of them towards the end of the novel.
‘A Thousand Splendid Suns’ is a disheartening novel and it may not be a good choice for sensitive readers. Almost 3/4th of the novel is following a melancholic theme. The reader cries at the agonies and miseries faced by these two women. It is indeed a masterpiece by Khaled Hosseini. If the reader is okay with the gloomy factor of this novel then definitely should give it a try. You can purchase your own copy of this novel from here.
“Sheโs not even appreciating me for doing the household chores and managing the kids myself for the whole day…!!!”
Excuse me, What? Are you asking for an award just because you did the work that women have been doing almost everyday since ages?
This might sound astonishing to you but this is what our society has been fighting for. By โOur Societyโ, I indirectly mean to point out โOur patriarchal Societyโ.
We hear this word โPatriarchyโ on a day-to-day basis now, but what is the meaning of this word? Patriarchy simply means the supremacy of the male members of the family. What it indirectly hints at is the inferiority of the female members. We have witnessed this patriarchy since we were kids. Donโt tell me you did not. When you were asked who your superhero is, Didnโt you respond- Dad? We have always seen our mothers working day and night at home doing all the household chores, managing the kids, cooking the food and yet no one has ever appreciated her work. This is a very minute example for the patriarchal system that continues to be passed on as a legacy to every next generation.
But didnโt patriarchy exist before? And if it did then why was it not so much talked about? The simple answer to this is the lack of awareness among the women to acknowledge the wrongs being done to them. And one cannot fight the issue which is not even accepted as an issue. In the times of our grandparents, everyone believed this is how life ought to be and thus women accepted every dominance done by the opposite gender.
Today the means of communications have excelled and it has become quite easy for us to know what is going on in the other parts of the world. Because of the developed communication, social media and other sources, the women are aware of what is wrong and as the common proverb of hindi says, โBardaasht karne ki bhi hadd hoti hai, jab sanyam ka ghada bhar jaata hai toh wo toot jaata haiโ Loosely translated: There is a limit to tolerate and when enough of the patience is tested, it breaks. This can also be the reason why women are raising their voices against the patriarchal norms.
While there are so many patriarchal customs being followed in our society, there are still many who deny it exists. For those denying these, some of them are listed below:
Dowry System:
This is one of the major reasons why women are considered as a liability on the family. Thereโs a celebration on the birth of the boy child whereas the family mourns when a girl child is born because when sheโll be married the family will have to arrange the dowry. As a solution to this many girl children are killed as a foetus whereas others are drowned in the milk vessel after birth.
If somehow the girl manages to escape the cruelty from their paternal family, she is killed by her in-laws if they are not satisfied with the dowry. This is termed as โdowry deathโ in our Indian constitution. According to Indian National Crime Record Bureau, there were 8,239 dowry death cases, 1,285 cases of attempted dowry deaths, and another 4,890 cases with pending investigations in 2009.
Sati Pratha:
โShave her head, break her banglesโ; โWho will take care of the child, you must remarryโ. These are two different cases- First, when the husband dies; Second, when the wife dies.
It has always been believed in our Indian society that a woman’s life is nothing after her husband. After the death of a husband, a widow is seen as a public property by other men and as unluck by her own family. She is not allowed to enter holy events because her presence is considered inauspicious. Imagining the atrocities of this, many women wilfully gave up their lives by sitting alive on the burning pyre.
Ridiculous, Isnโt it? But many of these customs have been eradicated with the help of new laws and orders regulated by our constitution. In modern India, people have derived modern ways of formulating the patriarchy. Some of them can be listed as:
Unequal Pay:
When there is no inequality found in assigning the tasks to women, there is a major difference found in their pay-scale. This is one of the major issues found in the corporate world and even the movie industry. This issue needs to be spoken of.
Lack of policies:
While many companies offer paid maternity leave, there are still many companies who fail to provide the same. Left with no option, women have to leave their jobs. There is still the lack of creche facilities in every domain of the work sector. While fathers enjoy their fatherhood, we need to ask the mothers who lost their careers for their child.
Many companies lack the policies to safeguard womenโs right resulting in the rise sexual harassment cases at work place. Due to the lack of these policies today only 6% of urban women enjoy employment.
Overburdening:
Some years ago, women used to manage the household. With the increasing inflation rate, it has become almost inevitable for women to not work. Women are stepping forward to share the responsibilities of their husbands, but this case isnโt vice versa.
With women stepping into the work-sector their workload seems to just have increased. Now they have to manage their work at the workplace and also complete their household chores. Too unfair!
For how many is this overburdening going to continue? It is high time for every woman to speak against injustice. Our Society really needs to understand that, โWomen are not the goddess of sacrifice neither are they a sexual toy to be played with.โ As our former Prime Minister said: โYou can tell the condition of a Nation by looking at the status of its Womenโ, Women are not a liability for the nation, instead they are an asset.
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