A tribute to India’s golden boy, Neeraj Chopra, on behalf of the Navachetna Welfare Society

The star javelin thrower becomes the first Indian track and field athlete in history to win a gold medal for India. It’s safe to say that this man is a living embodiment of perseverance.

Despite suffering from an arm injury before qualifying for the Olympic games, he recorded a victory throw of 87.86m. This man has an arm of iron in the true sense.

Being 6 feet tall army boy Neeraj Chopra is such a down-to-earth and humble person.
After his historic winning, our star javelin thrower said that he could not believe that he won asserting that although being confident he was unsure of winning gold.
His first words to his father were “Gaad diya papa laath” meaning I left a mark papa.

Well, he left a mark on all our hearts, and on this Independence Day , we can all proudly sing “Saare Jahan Se acha Hindustan Hamara ” as Neeraj Chopra is the legacy of these words.

Independence Day is yet to arrive but the once called Golden Bird bagged the Gold a few days prior to celebrating its 75 independence Day. The Golden Man of India, Neeraj Chopra has become the face of the nation by his tremendous performance in Javelin Throw at Tokyo Olympics 2020, while the Olympics weren’t ordinary this time, so was not the performance. His more than exemplary throw of 87.58 meters not only got a gold to him, but to 1.4 billion people of the country and paved the way for several more to come. While all the players performed in their true spirits, the Army man Neeraj along with others showed how a patriotic person can show his love and respect towards nation in whatever and wherever they do.

Unemployment is a term referring to individuals who are employable and actively seeking a job but are unable to find a job. Included in this group are those people in the workforce who are working but do not have an appropriate job. Usually measured by the unemployment rate, which is dividing the number of unemployed people by the total number of people in the workforce, unemployment serves as one of the indicators of a country’s economic status. The term “unemployment” is often misunderstood, it as it includes people who are waiting to return to a job after being discharged, yet it does not include individuals who have stopped looking for work in the past four weeks due to various reasons such as leaving work to pursue higher education, retirement, disability, and personal issues. Also people who are not actively seeking a job but do want to work are not classified as unemployed.

Interestingly, people who have not looked for a job in the past four weeks but have been actively seeking one in the last 12 months are put into a category called the “marginally attached to the labor force.” Within this category is another category called “discouraged workers,” which refers to people who have given up looking for a job. The categories mentioned above sometimes causes confusion and debate as to whether the unemployment rate fully represents the actual number of people who are unemployed. For a full understanding, one should juxtapose “unemployment” with the term “employment,” which the bureau of labor statistics (BLS) describes as individuals aged 16 and above who have recently put hours into work in the past week, paid or otherwise, because of self-employment.

Types of Unemployment

There are basically four types of unemployment: (1) demand deficient, (2) frictional, (3) structural, and (4) voluntary unemployment.

1. Demand deficient unemployment

Demand deficit unemployment is the biggest cause of unemployment that typically happens during a recession. When companies experience a reduction in the demand for their products or services, they respond by cutting back on their production, making it necessary to reduce their workforce within the organization. In effect, workers are laid off.

2. Frictional unemployment

Frictional employment refers to those workers who are in between jobs. An example is a worker who recently quit or was fired and is looking for a job in an economy that is not experiencing a recession. It is not an unhealthy thing because it is usually caused by workers trying to find a job that is most suitable to their skills.

3. Structural unemployment

 Structural umemployment happens when the skills set of a worker does not match the skills demanded by the jobs available, or alternatively when workers are available but are unable to reach the geographical location of the jobs.

An example is a teaching job that requires relocation to China, but the worker cannot secure a work visa due to certain visa restrictions. It can also happen when there is a technological change in the organization, such as workflow automation that displaces the need for human labor.

4. Voluntary unemployment

Voluntary unemployment happens when a worker decides to leave a job because it is no longer financially compelling. An example is a worker whose take-home pay is less than his or her cost of living.

Causes of Unemployment

Unemployment is caused by various reasons that come from both the demand side, or employer, and the supply side, or the worker. Demand-side reductions may be caused by high interest rates, global recession, and financial crisis. From the supply side, frictional unemployment and structural employment play a great role.

Effects

The impact of unemployment can be felt by both the workers and the national economy and can cause a ripple effect. Unemployment causes workers to suffer financial hardship that impacts families, relationships, and communities. When it happens, consumer spending, which is one of an economy’s key drivers of growth, goes down, leading to a recession or even a depression when left unaddressed. Unemployment results in reduced demand, consumption, and buying power, which in turn causes lower profits for businesses and leads to budget cuts and workforce reductions. It creates a cycle that goes on and on that is difficult to reverse without some type of intervention. Unemployment is a serious social and economic issue that results in a tremendous impact on everything but is often overlooked. A stronger system of assessing unemployment should be put in place in order to determine its causes and how to address it better.

Banks may be classified into the following categories:

1. Central bank:

It is the apex bank which regulates the entire banking system and maintain monetary stability in the country. It is the banker to all other banks and to government.

2. Commercial bank:

These bank collect demand deposits.they allows withdraw of money through cheque etc.

3. Development Bank:

The bank are set up to support industry growth and development. They provide long term credit to industry and render support and advisory services.

4. Indigenous bankers:

Banking units which operate on traditional lines are called indigenous bankers. They are known as native bank & primitive bank etc

5. Scheduled bank:

Banks whose paip up capital and reserves are aa per RBI guidelines and which are included in the second schedule of the RBI act 1934 are scheduled bank

6. Non scheduled bank:

they are commercial bank which are not included in the second schedule bank of the act 1934.

7. Agriculture bank:

Banks which provide financial assistance to agriculture activities are called agriculture bank.

8. Regional rural bank:

they are bank operating in rural areas providing banking services to the rural population.

9. Co-operative bank:

they are bank operating on the basis of cooperative principles and registered under societies registration act.

10. Exchange bank:

they are bank who deal in foreign exchange and specialise in financing foreign trade.

11. Saving bank:

savings bank collect the saving of people. Their primary objective is to promote and collect saving from small deposits.

social media is a computer based technology that facilities the sharing of idea’s thought, and information through the building of virtual network and Communities.

Statistics

There are currently 3.78billion social media users worldwide. Among UD adult,

84percent of those aged 18_19

81 percent of those aged 30_49

73 percent of those aged 60_64

45 percent of those aged 65 and above are active social media users.

#Advantages of social media:

. Brand awareness

.Brand reputation

.Cost effective

.Website traffic

.Evaluation

.Customer interaction

.Targets audience

.Brand loyalty

#Disadvantage of social media:

.Resources

.Ineffective use

.evaluation

Types of social media:

social media media may take the form of a variety of tech- enabled activities. These activities include photo sharing, blogging, social gaming, social network, video,sharing, business network, virtual world, review, and much more.

even government and politicians utilizes social media to engage with constituents and voters.

Example of social media:

while social media has its positive side, many point to the platform and call out negative featured, likening it’s overuse to an addiction.

some contest it contribute to inattentiveness, stress and jealousy.

1.Facebook ( 2.74billions users)

2. youtube (2.29billions users)

3. sino weibo (511million users)

4. Qq(617millions users)

5. Tiktok (689billions users)

6. What’s app(1.21billion users)

7. Instagram (1.22billions usres)

The following are the basis etiquette to be followed as a public speaker:

1. Preparation

Know you stuff! The best thing is you can do is to be overwhelmingly, thoroughly and completely prepared and in mastery of your material.

2. Always thank the introducer and greet the audience

before beginning your speech, it is polite to thank the person who introduced you and to greet the audience making a special greetings to dignitaries, government officials and other special attendees. Remember your were invited and consider it us privilege.

3. Do not apologize for lack of preparation

there is no substitute for preparedness however there are time when preparation is not possible.

4. Eliminate distracting habits and verbal crutches

those uhs, and ums can be very distracting and annoying. Practice your speech and record it us to identify verbal crutches.

5. Every gesture, look, motion, and sounds should have purpose

although body movement can enhance a message, movement that is made fir the sole purpose of movement appears unnatural and awkward. Use hand and body movement to emphasize a pint or to help the audience visualize.

6. Do not lose eye contact

some talks are made to be read, others are not. Whether your notes are for reference only or meant to be read, poor eye contact is distracting.good eye contact is a learned skill practice

7. Do not thank audience

As children we were taught that it is polite to say thank you. Is still is but after speech it is erroneously used to fill in the space after the last word has been uttered.

– Sasthika Das

Women do know that, of course not all men are assaulters or sexual abusers. However, how are we supposed to know which ones aren’t? How are we supposed to know who is saying hello in a friendly manner, or who actually just needs directions as opposed to just wanting to harass us? Women mostly assume the worst since they have most of the times, assumed the best. A stranger asking for directions that made her stop and give them, ended up following her because he mistook her kindness for interest. That man she casually chatted with at the bar when she thought he was being nice, ended up forcing himself on her.

We are not talking about men as individuals, we are talking about structural issues- patriarchal society, institutions, systems. For example, imagine you got stung by a bee as a child which caused you to have a fear of bees. Whenever you saw a bee swarming towards you, you would flee as fast as you can or shriek in horror or even hide behind someone to shield yourself, regardless of the bee’s intention to sting you or not. This is the same for women all over the world. They grow up in a patriarchal world, being told what they are capable of or how they should behave, being exploited and oppressed, being abused. Just like being stung by bees, we are stung by men. Since, we do not know what their intentions are, we are afraid of every single man.

We must never forget that one benefits from privilege by being part of a group, not because of anything they have done to earn or deserve it. Just by being a man, you are more privileged in a society than a woman. Similarly, for example, by being white, one is more privileged than people of color. These are accidents of nature- you did nothing to earn or deserve such privilege. When we do not acknowledge this, we are part of the problem.

When you are removing yourself from the discussions about the oppression of women by using the “not all men” slogan, you are the problem. When you interrupt a discussion on misogyny/rape culture/sexism to let us know that you are not like these men, you silence women and men having these discussions and derail the conversion from its initial purpose.

Most women AND men are assaulted by men. The fact that you never assaulted or harassed a woman or man, doesn’t negate the fact that most perpetrators of assault are men. This isn’t about you or your ego. Not assaulting someone or harassing someone is the bare minimum required by humans.

The saying “not all men” is a part of systematic and internalized patriarchy. This is the sad reality and the gateway to finding a solution only starts with the realization of this predicament.

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has started a public awareness campaign to warn people against digital banking frauds.

• For the new campaign, RBI has roped in Olympic Gold medalist Neeraj Chopra.

• The central bank has asked people to be a little cautious as doing so can protect them from a lot of troubles. A little caution takes care of a lot of trouble.

• The campaign sees Chopra urging users to not divulge details like OTP, CVV number and ATM PIN in front of anyone.

• So Reserve bank of india appointed NEERAJ CHOPRA for banking fraud awareness campaign.

Family background of NEERAJ CHOPRA.

Chopra was born to Satish Kumar and Saroj Devi on 24 December 1997, in Khandra village, Panipat district, Haryana. He has two sisters and his family is largely involved in agriculture. He graduated from Dayanand AngloVedic College in Chandigarh, and is currently pursuing a Bachelor of Arts from Lovely Professional University in Jalandhar, Punjab.

Who is Neeraj chopra ?

Neeraj Chopra (born 24 December 1997) is an Indian track and field athlete who competes in the javelin throw. A Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) in the Indian Army, Chopra is the first track and field athlete to win a gold medal for India at the Olympics. In his debut at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, Chopra won the gold medal on 7 August 2021 with a throw of 87.58m.

Chopra participated in the 2018 Commonwealth Games and the 2018 Asian Games, being the flag-bearer in the latter and winning gold medals in both. In his debut at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, Chopra won the gold medal on 7 August 2021 with a throw of 87.58m in his second attempt. As of 2021.

he is one of only two Indians to have won an individual Olympic gold medal (the other being Abhinav Bindra), as well as the youngest-ever Indian gold medalist in an individual event and the only one to have won gold in his Olympic debut.

Award and Recognition.

Arjuna Award – 2018

Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM) – 2020 Republic Day honours

Managers are constantly making decisions, and those decisions often have significant impacts and implications for both the organization and its stakeholders. Managerial decision-making is often characterized by complexity, incomplete information, and time constraints, and there is rarely one right answer.

Conflict management is the practice of being able to identify and handle conflicts sensibly, fairly, and efficiently. Since conflicts in a business are a natural part of the workplace, it is important that there are people who understand conflicts and know how to resolve them.

Decision-making can be defined as the process of selecting a right and effective course of action from two or more alternatives for the purpose of achieving a desired result. Decision-making is the essence of management.

the process of dealing with or controlling things or people.

It’s always frustrating to forget why you walked into a room, or to forget someone’s name right after being introduced. Before worrying that annoyances like these are signs of a memory problem, try out some simple techniques that may naturally enhance your short term memory.

Focus on what you want to remember.

Scientifically speaking, short term memory only lasts around 15-30 seconds—after that, the information is either discarded or moved to long term memory. Therefore, focusing closely on a new piece of info for 15-30 seconds can keep it in your short term memory and may help transfer it to your long term memory.

Engage multiple senses.

Using your senses increases focus and builds memory-helping associations. When you meet someone new, listen carefully and look directly at them as they state their name. Repeat their name immediately afterward. Shake their hand and feel their grip. Even take notice of their perfume or cologne! The more sensory associations you build, the more firmly the memory is encoded.

Utilize mnemonic devices.

These visual and verbal techniques really help with multiple bits of information. Do you still remember learning “VIBGYOR” in school to keep track of the order of colors in the rainbow? Mnemonic devices can really stick in your memory! Try constructing colorful, even silly visualizations or verbalizations to help encode a group of things in your short-term memory.

Lay out structured associations.

Memorize the primary pieces of info and how the secondary pieces relate to them. In other words, prioritize remembering the most vital information, but also focus on memorizing the structure that connects this vital info to the less important material you also want to remember. Essentially you’re creating a mental “bubble map”—where the central bubble contains the main info and is connected by lines to surrounding bubbles containing supporting info.

Eat a brain-healthy diet.

Healthy food choices are good for your brain and may improve your memory. By and large, the healthy, balanced diet you should strive to achieve for overall health is also what is needed for a healthy brain that is better primed to encode memories. Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables, add in lean proteins and whole grains, and cut back on saturated fats, sodium, and sugars.

SOURCES

https://www.wikihow.com/Increase-Your-Short-Term-Memory

by Yogiraj Sadaphal

Of course not, we can’t tell if a money is lawful or not just by looking at it. All earnings acquired through illicit activities and otherwise legal income that is not recorded for tax purposes are referred to as “black money.” The proceeds of black money are frequently received in cash from illegal economic activity and are therefore not taxed. Increased amounts of black money in the economy are frequently associated with a rise in corruption.

How Black Money Works :-

Consider a store that only accepts cash and does not provide receipts to its consumers because it would not pay tax on unrecorded purchases, that store is transacting in black money. Consider another the case of a property buyer who pays Rs. 20, 00,000 for a piece of land. There is a Rs. 5, 00,000 black money transaction if the buyer merely discloses 15, 00,000 on the books and pays 5, 00,000 under the table.

 Effects of Black Money :-

1. The government’s deficit rises because black money consumes a portion of the tax. The government must balance the deficit by raising taxes, reducing subsidies, and borrowing more money. Borrowing increases the government’s debt by adding to the interest load. If the government is unable to balance the budget, it would have to cut spending, which will have a negative impact on development.

2. Higher inflation results from the flow of unaccounted black money into the economy, which disproportionately affects the poor. It also widens the gap between the rich and the poor.

3. Black money is commonly kept in the form of gold, immovable property, and other hidden assets. Such money does not enter the main economy and, as a result, is mostly out of circulation. The black money keeps circulating among the wealthy and creates more opportunities for them.

4. When the government uses progressive direct taxation to ensure that the tax burden is distributed fairly, tax evasion and the creation of black money undermine the concept of social justice by preventing the desired reduction in income disparities. When illegal activities such as smuggling, for example, cannot be taxed, the government would apply higher taxes on legally authorized.

5. Black money is spent lavishly on travels and tours, entertainment, ostentatious products, and the financing of extravagant elections, among other things. This has also resulted in the many societal ills and a degradation of common people’s life values.

6. The presence of black money has shifted the market’s choice coefficients in favor of luxury, resulting in the diversification of productive resources from essential to non-essential commodities.

7. The consumption pattern is biased in favor of the rich and elite, at the expense of encouraging the production of bulk goods. A rise in overall consumption means fewer resources are available for investment in priority sectors, which has a negative effect on growth.

Government Initiatives to curb Black Money.

1. Black Money Declaration Scheme 2017 –

This scheme was launched by the government headed by PM Modi. This scheme allowed black money hoarders to declare all of their illegal earnings and gave them till March 31, 2017 to do so. Everyone was permitted to report their illegal earnings to the bank or the post office. It was also stated that one must pay a total of 49.90 % of the total unaccounted income in tax, surcharge, and penalty. A 25% of the unaccounted income was to be deposited in the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana.

2. Demonetization – 

This was one of the most significant steps made by Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government to combat black money in the country. The central government announced the demonetization of the Rs 500 and Rs 1000 notes and the introduction of new Rs 500 and Rs 2000 notes on November 8, 2016. The government took this step as a result of the country’s economy falling behind that of the rest of the world, as well as to combat different terrorist activities that had arisen in the country.

3. Linking Bank Accounts with Aadhaar & Pan –

The government launched the linkage of Aadhaar and Pan cards so that it could keep track of each person’s accounts and even their bank statements, giving the government a source to know how much a citizen earns and how much he pays in taxes. Though this strategy plays a significant role in the removal of fake bank accounts. This system can also be used to track suspicious transactions involving large sums of money.

4. Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Amendment Act, 2016 –

This law prohibits Benami transactions and provides for the confiscation of Benami assets. In 2016, the legislation was amended to provide that if a person is found guilty of a benami transaction offence by a court, he would be sentenced to jail for a period 1 year which may extend to a maximum of 7 years. In addition, the person will be responsible for a fine of up to 25% of the property’s exact market value.

5. New Benami Transactions Informants Reward Scheme, 2018 –

The Income Tax Department has launched this initiative in order to encourage widespread participation of people to fight against black money in the economy. Under this plan, the informant will be paid up to Rs one crore if he provides relevant details to the Joint or Additional Commissioners of Benami Prohibition Units (BPUs) of the Income Tax Department’s Investigation Directorates.

Introduction:

Steps to play a game:

step 1. Don’t skip the tutorials.

Resist the urge to drive into pokemon unite right away. Both seasoned MOBA players and beginners should take the time to check out the game’s six tutorials. The game let’s you enter live matches after completing the first few but it’s worth going through all of the lesson first.

The tutorials go through very basic and advanced mechanic that you would know about if you didn’t go through these short training exercise.

The first three tutorials teach you how to attack and score. But it’s the latter three that are the most interesting. The trip of tutorials teaches that attacking different wild pokemon can change the dynamic of a match.

step 2. Don’t skip the setting menu either:

The setting menu isn’t the most exciting place to visit in a game. But considering the fast paced nature of pokemon unite there are some option there worth exploring.

one of the first setting to look at is attack control. Switching to advanced control allows you to press two different button to attack different opposing. Turning on this setting is important because the game defaults to an automatic basic attack mode. There will be time when you accidentally target a wild pokemon when you are trying to hit an enemy player or vice versa. Switching to advanced control helps you stay in control of where your basic attacks go.

Lock-on-icon: Is another setting you may want to turn on. Enabling this setting allows you to prioritize specific pokemon to attack.

step 3. Which pokemon should you unlock first?

After you play through the opening tutorials, you’ll receive a unite license which let’s you unlock a pokemon.

1. Eldegoss is a support pokemon:they use long ranged attacks to hit enemies and their main foscus is to hit enemies and their teammates.
2. Snorlax is a defender pokemon: they are powerful melee fighters.
3. Pikachu is a ranged attacker:They use long -range attack to overpower enemies and defeat them from a distance.
4. Charizard is an all-round:their skills allows them to be a threat at both close and long range.
5. Talon flame is a speedster: their fast speed allows them to move all over the battle arena giving them to ability to a be a threat anywhere on the map.

step. 4 . How to make different builds:

as you levels up through out the match, your gain the ability to learn new attack. Over time yor learn new that over write the two starting skills you begin the match with.

At level 5&6 7, your pokemon can learn news, skill. You will always have to two different choice to make at these points. Each characters has different moves that support new way to play.

Step 5. Learn your lane:

each pokemon excels at different areas of the map. When you are preparing for battle, the game will let you know which lane is recommend for each pokemon.

when you are in the lobby selecting your pokemon, enter the battle prep screen to learn which map path you should take. When you press the exit button, you will be shown which lane is best for the top lat. Speedster should around two centre and all are rounder are great for the bottom.

WHAT ARE PERSONALITY DISORDER?

A personality disorder is a way of thinking, feeling and behaving that deviates from the expectations of the culture, causes distress or problems functioning, and lasts over time. Personality is the way of thinking, feeling and behaving that makes a person different from other people. An individual’s personality is influenced by experiences, environment (surroundings, life situations) and inherited characteristics.

A person’s personality typically stays the same over time. Personality disorders are long-term patterns of behavior and inner experiences that differs significantly from what is expected. The pattern of experience and behavior begins by late adolescence or early adulthood and causes distress or problems in functioning.

WHAT ARE THE COMMON SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF BORDERLINE PERONALITY DISORDER?

Borderline Personality Disorder has several signs and symptoms. For diagnosis, mental health professionals have grouped the symptoms into 9 categories. A person who shows at least 5 of these symptoms for a long duration is diagnosed as suffering from BPD. 

1. Fear of abandonment

One of the most prominent signs of BPD is a fear of abandonment. People with BPD are always scared of being left alone by loved ones. Something as simple as a family member coming home late from work can trigger intense reactions. As a result, individuals suffering from BPD put frantic efforts into keeping family and friends close.

2. Unstable relationships

  People with BPD tend to have relationships that are intense and short-lived. You may fall in love quickly, believing that each new person is the one who will make you feel whole, only to be quickly disappointed. Your relationships either seem perfect or horrible, without any middle ground. Your lovers, friends, or family members may feel like they have emotional whiplash as a result of your rapid swings from idealization to devaluation, anger, and hate.

3. Unclear self-image

Self-image is a perception of self that defines how much you like yourself. With BPD, individuals struggle to keep a stable perception. They go from loving themselves one day to absolutely hating themselves the next day. Such people do not have an idea of who they are and what they want in life.

4. Self-destructive behaviour

If you have BPD, you may engage in harmful, sensation-seeking behaviors, especially when you’re upset. You may impulsively spend money you can’t afford, binge eat, drive recklessly, shoplift, , or overdo it with drugs or alcohol. These risky behaviors may help you feel better in the moment, but they hurt you and those around you over the long-term.

5. Self-harm

After self-destruction comes self-harm. Individuals suffering from BPD do not hesitate from harming themselves. They may easily cut themselves or burn themselves and may also take a step with the intent of suicide. Loved ones have to be vigilant at all times and on the lookout for suicidal thoughts.

6. Mood swings

 Unstable emotions and moods are common with BPD. One moment, you may feel happy, and the next, despondent. Little things that other people brush off can send you into an emotional tailspin. These mood swings are intense, but they tend to pass fairly quickly , usually lasting just a few minutes or hours.

7. Chronic feelings of emptiness

Individuals with BPD suffer from a chronic feeling of emptiness. They often feel like “nobody” and have this uncomfortable void that they try to fill with the help of extreme and risky behaviors. This feeling is uncomfortable, so you may try to fill the void with things like drugs, food . But nothing feels truly satisfying.

8. Explosive anger

BPD causes impulsiveness, which often results in explosive anger. It also results in a short temper that comes out even at the slightest of disagreements. Explosive anger may be accompanied by behavior like throwing things or screaming (even in public places).

9. Feeling suspicious

 People with BPD often struggle with paranoia or suspicious thoughts  about others’ motives. When under stress, you may even lose touch with reality an experience known as dissociation. You may feel foggy, spaced out, or as if you’re outside your own body.

Getting into a top Business school in India to pursue the dream career is still a dream for many aspirants. This is an inspiring story of a middle-class Indian Prafull Billore, who wanted to pursue an MBA. To get into top B Schools you have to clear the CAT exam. He failed 3 out of the 3 times he appeared for the CAT exam. On his repetitive failure, he got depressed and quit his CAT preparation, and traveled few cities. After weeks of traveling, he landed in Ahemdabad, he felt like home.

To sustain life, he started working at McDonald’s. After serving for some time, he was promoted to the kitchen staff who would take orders and served customers. During this phase of his life, he gained a lot of experience but he felt like a person having/with no identity. He often wondered, “Why sell burgers for someone else, while I can make and sell on my own”. But the question was why would anyone come to his stall and not go to McDonald’s. He dropped the idea of selling burgers and decided to set up a tea stall, as tea was his staple beverage during his CAT preparation, and India loves chai.

The early phase in starting roadside business attracted many stigmas such as these businesses are done by lower class or less educated people but this didn’t stop him. Prafull Billore’s father thought that he might be pursuing an educational course but he wasn’t aware of what was running in Prafull’s mind. It took 45 days to muster the courage and set up his tea stall.

The first day went bad as there was not even a single customer. The next day, he decided to approach customers with a friendly gesture and conversed with them in English. The taste and unique way of serving tea, his communication skills caught many people’s attention and his business started growing.

His chai business started getting popular, annoyed the roadside vendors, as Prafull’s chai business was bringing down their business. He got threats from local goons and local authorities to shut down the chai stall. He didn’t lose hope and reached a hospital owner for renting a nearby space for a tea stall for 10K rental. He even created a platform for job seekers who mentioned their details on paper which was further picked up by job providers as even they were his regular customers. The candidate that suited the job profile was called up by the job provider. This way he gained more popularity.

Prafull named his business “MBA Chaiwala” which stands for “Mr. Billore Ahemdabad Chaiwala”. Within a few months, he got fame and his business MBA Chaiwala, gathered crores every month. Praful’s most memorable occasion was a Valentine’s Day event. He distributed free chai to singles on Valentine’s Day, which went viral and acquired worldwide recognition.

And look at the irony of life! Now, MBA Chaiwala is invited to IIM’s and Harvard Business school only to deliver a talk on how to pursue a passion and become big. It all started with his failure to seek admission to these very prestigious colleges like IIMS and Harvard.

Today, Prafull Billore owns a 300 sq ft restaurant named “MBA Chai Wala”, where he has employed 20 people. In the financial year 2019-20, he recorded a turnover of Rs 3 crore. “My dream is to sell tea across the country, and that every Indian drink my tea,” he says.

Every day, you write, whether it’s a college paper, blog post, work document, email, or social media update. Your writing represents who you are personally and professionally, so it’s worth it to hone your skills. Here are writing tips to help you communicate better in text.

How to get Started

1 Set writing goals

Maybe you want to write a certain number of words per day or upgrade your vocabulary. You can’t reach a goal unless you have one, so write that goal down and work toward it.

2 Write in the morning

For many people, writing comes easier right after a good night’s sleep. Grammarly’s research also shows early birds make fewer writing mistakes. (No matter when you write, Grammarly has your back. Try Grammarly to get more writing tips to help keep you on track.)

3 Write daily

Getting started on a big writing project can feel intimidating if you’re not used to the act of writing. Practice this skill daily—whether a short sentence or full paragraph—to get accustomed to the mental and physical concept of writing.

4 Get inspired by research

Before you begin writing, do some reconnaissance reading. Take notes as you read up on your subject material. Ideas will form as you research.

Here’s a tip: Once you’ve jumped into the writing process, don’t stop to do more research. Instead, add a placeholder like [RESEARCH] and keep rolling. You can come back to finalize facts and add references when your first draft is finished.

5 Always carry a notebook and pen

Inspiration can hit you at any time. Don’t leave a gripping pitch for a client, poetic sentence, or catchy project name to your memory. Write it down in a dedicated notebook, or create a note file on your smartphone. 

6 Experiment with writing prompts

One of the best writing tips for aspiring writers is using a prompt. You can find endless writing prompts online that are suited for all types of genres. Pick one that stimulates your imagination and encourages you to get creative.

7 Outline

If you often find yourself rambling on without a clear structure, start with an outline. Follow this simple, no-fail outlining process to organize yourself from the start.

“COVID-19” the disease, which doesn’t have a full stop, it’s been increasing & increasing since the last 1.5 years. “Covid-19” itself is a disastrous emotion, which has destroyed lakhs of innocent lives and families. India, being the second most populated country has experienced the beyond reproach mortality rate in these 1.5 years, it’s just heartbreaking to see the deterioration of the country in every aspect -economically, socially, the governance, the medical facilities and what not. Lakhs of innocent lives took their last breath due to covid, COVID-19 has taken many innocent lives, whether the person is the age of 24 or 49 or 80, COVID-19 took lives abruptly despite of the age in a very heartbreaking manner one could not have ever imagined. It’s been 1.5 years and till now, the daily cases hasn’t come to an average number, it’s just getting back and forth in the terms of cases per day, there’s no improvement since it all started in India. India being the second – most populated country has imposed so many versions of lockdown which has resulted in the social and economic deterioration at its peak. The “new normal” life with masks is becoming the reason for shortness of breath and innumerable problems for most of the people. It’s something an indescribable phase, that India has ever faced in its history till now.

“THE SECOND WAVE”

The wave which has ended so many of families in just a night span. The second wave which has destroyed the future of young children’s and those aged parents who’ve lost all the hopes to even survive a single day. The second wave of covid in India was the most horrifying phase that India has ever imagined, where covid was just sweeping away the lives, and even the whole families in just a couple of minutes, the medical crises and the union and the state government clashes has become the most heart throbbing time for the nation. India has been hit by a huge second wave in terms of social, economic, the governance and in medical aspect. The second wave phase has witnessed for more than 4 lakh cases in just 24 hour period. The second wave was much larger than the first, with the shortages of vaccines, hospital beds, oxygen cylinders, oxygen concentrators, injections, medicines, hospitals and every resource that could save a life!? By late April, India was abruptly under a very disheartening crises in terms of economy, lack of governance and medical facilities. People were even dying on the roads, taking their last breath while standing in a queue in a hope that they might get a cylinder or a bed, sitting under the hot & humid atmosphere and trying their level best to not give up while taking oxygen. India was the first ever country to record 4 lakh + cases in a 24 hour- period. Not only the hospitals were flooded with the patients, even the crematoriums were full. The dead bodies were lying on the road, so many of dead bodies were lying outside the crematorium, at the homes and even in the ambulances. The dead bodies were lying on the death bed for even 4 days in the house, where no one was taking the dead body to the crematorium, even no one was touching, not even the son was touching his mother’s or father’s lifeless body” New Delhi, being the heart of India, has faced the tremendous deaths in just a night span in the second wave. Delhi being the only state surrounded by the working of government officials and bodies has faced the most as compared to the other states of India. Delhi was in a horrifying state at that time, even remembering those times in Delhi could give goosebumps to the Delhites.

CHILDREN WITH UNCERTAIN FUTURE:

The word “COVID” is not only a disastrous emotion but also a haunting emotion for most of the children. The children’s, who’ve lost one of their parent, or both of them in just a couple of days or just in a week. Children’s are the ones who are surviving the most, with an uncertain future and are now being termed as orphaned”,who’ve lost their mother and father in this second wave. Most of the children’s are left with no family members. Siblings, of the age 9 and 13 are left with no hopes. Those children’s who’ve lost their families are now in a search of jobs to earn even one time of a meal. Most of the children’s lost their fathers and women’s who’ve lost their husbands in just a blink, left with no hopes at all. Women’s who are left with their only children’s are now looking for jobs to even feed their kid and to earn a livelihood. For the women’s who haven’t done any jobs, who’ve zero knowledge of even stepping out of the house and to earn a single penny are now trying their level best to let their kids study and trying not to give up on their studies. Those children’s and adults who are in the age of learning something new & exploring the world are now finding jobs to survive. Second wave has destroyed families in just one blink. Young adults of the age 24 or 26 died in the second wave , and their aged parents who only had one child, has left with no hopes. Children’s getting orphaned in just a night span is so heartbreaking. Young girls who are willing to do studies and to explore the world, are now getting ready for their marriage in order to survive their lives. Young women at the age of 27 has become a widow with an uncertain future and no hope’s. This wave was a turning point, or you can say a new birth in every individuals life who has lost their young mother, father, siblings, children’s, adults. Homes has become just a building with only 1 person left, photos and videos has become the only way to see the glimpse of the deceased person, and the children’s and adults who had spark in their eyes to learn and explore something new are now just surviving by counting the days one by one and no hopes to move on from this tremendous loss they could ever had.

In a nutshell, COVID-19 has turned lives upside down in just a blink for most of the people who are left with no hopes at all and are just counting their days to end. Hope this pandemic has a full stop. 

-SUKHMANI PANESAR

WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY?

Biodiversity is the term used to describe the tremendous variety of life on earth. It includes all the varieties present from the ecosystem, species-level to the genetic level.

If we take an example of a forest, it may seem like it is a permanent fixture, but it may be likely to collapse if only one type of species tends to thrive in there. In order to maintain stability, there need to be diverse species, as one species is dependent on another for survival.

HOW ARE CLIMATE AND BIODIVERSITY INTERTWINED?

SOLAR ENERGY :

Sunlight plays a major key role in this system. The leaves of the plants and trees need sunlight for the process of photosynthesis to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar. This energy is stored in various parts of the plant, and when the herbivores being the primary consumer, consume the leaves, the energy is passed on to them. Followed by the secondary consumers, the energy is passed on to them and so on. This is the ENERGY FLOW. It follows the 10% law, where only 10% energy will be passed on from source to consumers.

Another key factor is the presence of a hot and humid climate. As the humid climate is very much needed to add another essential to rich diversity i.e water.

HOW DO THE AREA AND SOIL AFFECT BIODIVERSITY?

The size of a habit plays an important role in greater diversity. As the area increases, the niche increases, which is now able to support a greater variety of species.

Soil also being the key factor, has its own biodiversity. Soil biodiversity includes all the bacteria, fungi, earthworms, and termites, etc. A tablespoon of topsoil can contain a wide range of different species and up to 6 billion microorganisms.

The agricultural sector and environment, both need the proper maintenance of soil biodiversity.

• Soil is the most biologically diverse matter on Earth, essential for plant growth and its nutrient
• Soil contains a large variety of organisms, which is essential for global cycles, including the carbon and nitrogen cycles.
• Soil is the habitat for millions of micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, as well as insects, and other organisms.

INTERDEPENDENT OF SPECIES – A REQUIREMENT FOR BIODIVERSITY

In the case of a larger ecosystem, like the Rain forest, all the species are interdependent for survival. If any one of the minor species is eliminated, it may not as much affect the whole stability of the ecosystem, because of the rich volume of species and genetic diversity causing rich biodiversity.

It need not be true in all cases. Consider the Coral Reel Ecosystem. Because of the diversity of life found in the habitats created by corals, reefs are often called the “rainforests of the sea.” Many organisms in the reef are dependent on the coral, as it provides, habitat as well as the breeding ground for thousands of species of fish, crustaceans, and mollusks. It also forms a symbiotic relationship with the alga. This makes corals the keystone organism. So what if, due to extensive fishing, pollution, or ocean acidification cause the loss of corals? All the species that were dependent on the corals face the same loss, causing the destruction of that entire ecosystem.

CONCLUSION:

Ecosystem, Species, and Genetic diversity are intertwined to give us the biodiversity that is vital for the survival of organisms on Earth. We, humans, are also a part of this system, if few strands of this link are removed, our own survival is threatened, cut off too many of them, may cause destruction of our own ecosystems. Biodiversity is the Earth’s own safety net, an insurance policy for the survival of us all.

One hundred years later women found suffrage2 — and with a growing number of women in the workforce, holding elected positions, and striving for the presidency — a period of constitutional amendment that clearly guarantees equal rights without sex is out of date.3 Alice Paul, Crystal Eastman, and others in 1923 and later revised, the proposed Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) states: “Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or restricted by the United States or any other state on the basis of sexual orientation. “Nascent’s efforts to pass the ERA have grown with the realization that the commitment to equality enshrined in the US Constitution could not be fully realized without a clear, meaningful commitment to equality regardless of gender. Now, as women and people of all genders increasingly face increasing attacks on their rights and independence, the current repression of the ERA is a constant reminder that empty speeches and measures that they want to support and empower are completely insufficient.

At the time of the writing of the ERA, the status of women in American society was often viewed as inferior to that of men. Legal restrictions – such as a ban on voting and property ownership – combined with long-held views on women’s roles meant that women were demoted to certain positions and could not be considered full citizens. In particular, many women of color were also hampered by the cold effects of racial, ethnic, and gender-based discrimination, and strengthened the social position in which they were degraded compared to white women. Although the ERA remains unconstitutional, many of the attitudes and practices that promoted its first proposal have long been rejected. The broader impetus for gender equality has gained momentum over the decades, and, apart from the ERA, women and people in all gender sectors have made great efforts to uplift their status, protect vital legal protection, and access opportunities in society as a whole. But there is still work to be done to ensure that women and people in all sexes are treated equally and have the power to live their lives the way they want. The absence of a clear prohibition against gender discrimination in the Constitution remains one of the main obstacles to the fight for gender equality and the advancement of women in general – and the ERA is an important tool in achieving this progress.

Strong interpersonal skills are important for employers because most jobs require you to effectively interact with other people. These skills are now vital for success in the workplace.

Interpersonal communication is the process of sharing ideas and emotions verbally and nonverbally with another person. It allows us to interact with and understand others in our personal and professional lives. In the workplace, hiring managers often look for employees with strong interpersonal skills who will collaborate and communicate well with their colleagues. In this article, we will describe the importance of interpersonal skills in your career.

In this article, we discuss different types of interpersonal communication skills.

What are interpersonal skills ?

Interpersonal skills—also known as people skills—are the soft skills you use to communicate with and understand others. You use these skills daily when interacting with people face-to-face .

Key interpersonal communication skills?

Effective interpersonal communication skills are required to form connections and establish relationships. There are many different types – we have described eleven of the most important skills:

Active listening

Active listening is listening beyond the words being spoken – understanding the message being communicated. During conversations, a lot of the time the “listener” is thinking about how they’re going to respond rather than concentrating on what the speaker is saying.By really listening you can provide a more thoughtful answer that takes the speaker’s thoughts and opinions into account. This will help people around you understand that you value and appreciate them.

Body language

Your posture, expression and gestures can say just as much as your words. When communicating with coworkers and managers, practice open body language to encourage trust and positivity. Open body language includes nodding, maintaining eye contact, smiling and being relaxed. Avoid closed body language such as crossed arms, restless behavior and shifting your eyes.

Conflict resolution

It’s likely that you’ll need to resolve a conflict at some point. Active listening and problem-solving are useful for this as you’ll need to hear from all sides objectively and you’ll need to come to a positive resolution.Resolving conflict is not always a negative experience – it can be very constructive and provide you with an understanding of underlying problems, for example, perhaps a team member is having difficulties at home which is making them more irritable.By forming a plan with those involved, you can help them move forward and manage their difficulties. They may have never experienced this constructive help before your mediation.

Collaborate

Working collaboratively allows teams to work productively and deliver positive outcomes for clients and the business.Successful collaboration requires the ability to cooperate and respect each other.Employers often seek applicants who have a proven track record working successfully within a team and candidates who are willing to compromise and cooperate to deliver exceptional work.

Team work

For a business to function effectively people must work well together in order to achieve a common goal. Some people struggle with teamwork because they believe that they know how to do the job better than anyone else and they do not trust others to do their roles. This can create conflict and hurt the overall effectiveness of the team.If this is something you find difficult assist your colleagues whenever you can and ask your colleagues for their opinions and ideas – be enthusiastic when colleagues offer their own ideas.

Positive attitude

People want to be around others that are friendly and have a positive outlook even when the company may be in a difficult situation. You don’t have to be incredibly sociable but you must develop some type of positive rapport with your team so that the workplace is pleasant for everybody.

Empathy

To be empathetic means that you are able to identify and understand others’ emotions i.e. imagining yourself in someone else’s position. Being empathetic shows your team that you care. For example, if a manager reacts angrily after finding out that an employee has been arriving to work late because their child is unwell, the team is likely to react negatively towards the manager.

It would be more favourable for the manager to be understanding and agree on a plan of action with the employee, such as, the employee starting work earlier and finishing later. Employees and colleagues will respect and trust you more if you empathise with them and express compassion.

Also, understanding how people feel will help you communicate your thoughts and ideas in a way that makes sense to others and it helps you understand others when they communicate.

Why interpersonal skills are important ?

Interpersonal skills are important for communicating and working with groups and individuals in your personal and professional life. People with strong interpersonal skills tend to build good relationships and can work well with others. They understand family, friends, coworkers and clients well. People often enjoy working with colleagues who have good interpersonal skills.

Other benefits of interpersonal skills include the ability to solve problems and make good decisions. You can use interpersonal communication skills and the ability to understand others to come to the best solution or make the best decision for everyone involved.

Many employers try to hire staff with strong interpersonal skills because these individuals often work well on teams and collaborate with their colleagues effectively. People with interpersonal skills also tend to make good leaders because of their ability to communicate with and motivate those around them.

In summary

Your job performance will improve if you develop your interpersonal skills because you will be more of a cohesive member of the company. It’s also likely that your job satisfaction will increase because you will form stronger relationships with your colleagues.By becoming more aware of how you interact with others and by practicing you can improve your interpersonal communication skills.